Thank you for purchasing the Nikon Autofocus Speedlight
SB-25. Used with Nikon’s newest SLRs (F90-Series/N90,
F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006,
M/N6000, F-401x/N5005, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/
F-601
N4004s), it offers you the most advanced and complete
system for automatic flash photography available.
To get the maximum performance from your new SB-25,
be sure to take time to read the instruction manual carefully.
The Nikon N90, N8008, N8008s, N6006, N6000,
N5005, N4004 and N4004s are sold exclusively in the
U.S.A. The Nikon N2020 and N2000 are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. and Canada.
For Effective Use of This Manual
Using this manual is simple. Read the pages with shaded
index tabs indicating your camera name. These index tabs
lead you to all of the information you need to learn about
using the SB-25 with your camera.
The SB-25 and today’s newest Nikon models offer
exceptionally high performance. They include more features
than ever before, all of which can help you make great pictures.
Because there are so many features, the instruction manual is extensive, and may seem a little intimidating. We urge
you, however, to thoroughly read the manuals before you
begin using the SB-25. That way you will be fully familiar
with the features and the way they work.
For the convenience of latest Nikon SLR users, the SB-25
offers automatic adjustment functions when used with certain lenses. Automatic operations is detailed beside manual
operation in shaded boxes with mark.
By becoming thoroughly familiar with the SB-25, you will
be able to use its advanced features more effectively and
enjoy great results from the very beginning.
F90-Series/N90 Users
F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
F-601/N6006 and F-601
M/N6000 Users
F-401x/N5005 Users
F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users
FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 Users
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Page 3
Table Of Contents
FOREWORD
For Effective Use of This Manual.....................................2
Table of Contents ....................................................4 — 5
Chapter 1: Introducing the SB-25 Autofocus
Speedlight
Accepts four 1.5V AA-type penlight batteries, either
1.5V alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd batteries
(voltage for NiCd batteries varies depending on
manufacturer; maximum permitted is 1.5V).
Flash head
Locks at the front position and the 90˚ position; tilts
up to 90° and down to –7°; rotates 90° to the right
and 180° to the left.
Autofocus assist illuminator LED
Enables autofocus operation in dim light or total
darkness.
Light sensor for Non-TTL Auto Flash operation
In Non-TTL Auto Flash operation, be careful not to
cover or otherwise obstruct the sensor.
External power source terminal
Accepts power cord of Nikon DC unit
SD-8/SD-7.
Mounting foot locking
wheel
Mount pin
Hot-shoe contacts
Mounting foot
Tilting angle scale
Rotating angle scale
Terminal cover
Keep terminal covered when not in use.
TTL multiple flash terminal
For TTL-exposure-control multiple flash
operation.
Sync/multiple flash terminal
For manual-exposure multiple flash operation.
Flash head rotating
lock release lever
LCD panel
See page 26.
Control buttons
See page 26.
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Main Features/Functions — SB-25’s Flash Capabilities
The SB-25 is a most versatile Speedlight which offers variety of convenient features to enhance your flash photography. To understand these features/function will help you
operate the SB-25 easily, therefore, enjoy more options and
creative possibilities. Each of following topics cover particular Nikon SLR models:
• Fully Automatic Fill Flash: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series,
F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601
N6000 and F-401x/N5005
• Standard TTL Flash: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series,
F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601
N6000, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004,
F-401s/N4004s, FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V
• Repeating Flash: All the Nikon SLR models covered in
this manual
Fully Automatic Fill Flash
Generally performed at night or in dim light, flash photography can also be used to reduce shadows in pictures shot in
bright sunlight, resulting in a pleasing, more natural effect.
Using a flash this way, with ambient light, is called “fill-
flash.” When used with the SB-25, many Nikon SLR cam-
M/
eras provide Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash, to automatically
keep flash brightness in balance with the ambient light.
M/
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash
Thanks to a computer-controlled exposure meter (multisegment sensor) and TTL (through-the-lens) sensor, shutter
speed, aperture, and even flash output can be automatically
controlled to keep both subject and background in correct
exposure.
In Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash, the camera’s Matrix
Metering System (i.e., multi-segment sensors) determines
the correct exposure based on ambient light. Flash output is
then controlled with the center-bottom-weighted TTL sensor which monitors light reflection from the film surface and
regulates timing to terminate output in realtime with flash
illumination. This way, flash illumination brightens the scene
(mainly foreground subject), but does not overpower the
ambient light exposure (background).
Chapter
The result is brighter shadows, sharper details and more
vivid colors. Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash operates in virtually
all light conditions within the camera’s metering range and
available synchronized shutter speeds. Operation is fast and
automatic, while it allows manual operation for exposure
compensation techniques to vary fill-flash effects.
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash operates when you switch
the metering system to Center-Weighted. This metering
system measures the entire scene and emphasizes its reading on the center area. By pointing the center-weighted area
at different parts of the scene, you can choose which
brightness level you want for basic available-light exposure.
By selecting Spot Metering System, Spot Fill-Flash operates in a similar manner as Center-Weighted Fill-Flash,
although the meter reads a narrower center area, or “spot.”
1
Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
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“TTL Multi-Sensor” Automatic Balanced FillFlash with F90-Series/N90
After you depress the shutter release button and prior to the
shutter being activated, the SB-25 fires a series of nearly
invisible preflash, or Monitor Preflash.
These preflash are detected by the F90-Series/N90’s TTL
multi-sensor, analyzed for brightness and contrast, then
integrated with distance information from the lens (D-type
Nikkor) and other exposure control information for a balanced fill-flash exposure.
3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash can be performed
with any built-in metering system, and is most effectively
used to achieve correct exposure in scenes that include:
• A mirror, white wall or other surface with extremely high
reflectivity
• Obstacle(s) in front of subject you wish to avoid
• Sunlight
• Subject against an “infinite” background (empty sky,
clouds, etc.)
With non-D-type AF or AI-P Nikkor lenses, Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash will be performed. Although the TTL
multi-sensor does not process distance information, the
advanced sensor system generally provides superior results
to Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash.
3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash photography: particularly
effective for subject standing against a shiny object.
Standard TTL Flash
It is possible to manually select a flash compensation
level instead of having the computer do it automatically. Simply press the SB-25’s button to cancel
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash.
The camera’s computer-controlled TTL flash sensor
detects the total amount of light passing through the
lens and reflected from the film surface. The system
controls flash output so that the combination of ambient light and flash illumination will result in a correct
exposure.
Under bright-light conditions, the flash is automatically controlled to provide less light; under dim light
conditions, it will produce more light.
This system is not designed to automatically provide
a balance between flash and ambient light; it is limited
to efficient operation in dim-light conditions and is not
recommended for use in very bright lighting conditions. This system does not directly link the ambient
light meter and the flash’s TTL meter.
Chapter
Main Features/Functions
FP High-Speed Sync Flash
The SB-25 is capable of flash synchronization at shutter
speeds of 1/250 sec. or faster when used with the new F90Series/N90. Unlike other flash synchronization methods, the
flash consecutively emits light at an extremely rapid cycle
and exposure begins with the opening of the front (first) curtain and ends with the closing of the rear (second) curtain.
1
FP High-Speed Sync Flash: Allows a wider aperture, thus, shallower
depth of field for a blurred background.
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Y
FRFR
1
X
Y
FR
X
Y
X
22
The combination of high shutter-speed range and flash
sync capability provides you with more options for flash
photography in day-light conditions. It enables you to use a
wider aperture to blur the subject’s background (create a
shallow depth of field), light up shadowed areas in outdoor
photography, or even create light flow for fast moving subjects.
SB-25 sync flash
Light output
FP High-Speed
Sync Flash
Front-curtain sync flashRear-curtain sync flash
Chapter
1
Main Features/Functions
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash
FP high-speed sync flash is only available in the SB-25’s
Manual flash mode when using the F90-Series/N90. For
details, see “FP High-Speed Sync Flash — Flash
Photography At Higher Shutter Speeds” on page 98.
X: Time duration
Y: Shutter curtain movement
: Front-curtain movement
: Rear-curtain movement
1: Film surface is exposed to
flash light throughout the
entire duration.
2: Film surface is exposed to
flash light for only part of
the time that the curtain
are open.
In “normal” flash synchronization, the flash fires at an early
stage of exposure (i.e., front-curtain sync). At slow shutter
speeds with a moving subject, this results in unnatural light
patterns.
For more natural lighting, use Rear-Curtain Sync. With
this method, the flash fires at a later stage of the exposure,
just before the rear, or second, shutter curtain starts to
close (i.e., rear-curtain sync), turning available light into a
stream of light that follows the flash-illuminated moving
subject. Rear-Curtain Sync is available with the F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s,
F-601/N6006 and F-601
M/ N6000.
For more details, see “Rear-Curtain Sync Flash — For
Natural Light Flow,” page 105 and “Flash Sync Mode
Selector
vs. ,” page 135.
A slow shutter speed could create light flow from a moving subject.
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash catches him/her with natural-looking light
stream.
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Chapter
1
Main Features/Functions
Red-Eye Reduction Control
“Red eye” effect occurs in flash photography when flash
pictures are taken in dim surroundings where the subject’s
eye pupils will be dilated (opened very wide). Light from the
camera’s flash reflects off the interior of the eye through the
wide-open pupil and back into the camera’s lens; the result
in the photo appears as bright red eyes.
The SB-25 fires three consecutive flash prior to the main
flash. This causes the subject’s pupils to constrict (become
smaller), reducing the appearance of red-eye.
The F90-Series/N90 offers this exclusive Red-Eye
Reduction Control to control preflash, for use in any flash
mode, except Repeating Flash mode. For more details and
setting operation, see page 104, and the camera’s instruction manual.
Red-eye effect can also be controlled by the angle at
which light strikes the subject and is reflected back to the
camera’s lens. For further details, see “Red Eye,” page 134.
Repeating FlashSB-25 Feature Comparison: Flash Operations Available with Your Camera
When used with any Nikon SLR, the SB-25 is capable of
strobo-effect multiple flash exposure at up to 160 flash per
frame; it also allows control of the amount of flash light output. Operation becomes simple once you learn how to
match the number and speed of flash to your desired shutter speed.
For details, see “Repeating Flash Mode — For
Multiple Exposure,” pages 90 to 95.
Repeating flash mode offers “strobo effect,” multiple exposure on a
single frame.
For details regarding your camera, see pages:
1) 33 to 39. 2) 40 to 47. 3) 48 to 56. 4) 57 to 63.
• DO NOT FIRE FLASH NEAR THE EYES: Firing the flash
light very close to any person’s eyes can injure the retina,
thereby weakening eyesight or causing blindness.
• DO NOT TOUCH THE FLASH HEAD WHEN FIRING THE
SB-25: The flash head generates significant heat during
normal operation, which may cause burns. Also, when
using the flash, keep delicate materials away from the
flash head.
CAUTION — TO PREVENT
DAMAGE TO THE SB-25
SPEEDLIGHT
• DO NOT MIX OR USE THE SB-25 WITH OTHER MANUFACTURER’S CAMERAS, FLASH UNITS, OR ACCESSORIES (INCLUDING EXTERNAL POWER SOURCES):
Nikon is not responsible for malfunctions or other problems resulting from use of this product with any equipment other than Nikon brand products.
PROPER CARE AND STORAGE OF THE SB-25 SPEEDLIGHT
• SEE PAGES 136 AND 137, “Tips on Speedlight Care.”
BATTERIES: CARE AND CAUTION
• SEE PAGE 138, “About Batteries.”
Getting Started — SB-25 Set-Up
This section introduces preparations for using the SB-25,
such as installing batteries, attaching flash unit to your camera, and finally, turning the unit on. Follow these steps in
order, especially when using for the first time. This section
should serve as a practical guide for later reference.
ABNORMAL LC (LIQUID CRYSTAL) DISPLAY AND
MALFUNCTIONING
In certain cases, due to normal characteristics of the
built-in microcomputer, the speedlight may not operate or an abnormal display may appear, even with
fresh, properly installed batteries.
If this occurs, turn off flash and remove the batteries, then reinstall batteries and turn the power on. This
should properly reset the computer.
Selecting Measurement System, Meters or Feet
Slide the battery chamber cover in
1
the > direction and lift to open.
Slide the meter/feet lever (small
2
switch in the mouth of the chamber) to select desired indication (m or
ft.); this will appear in the LCD panel
while the speedlight is in use.
The lever is preset to meters (m) when
shipped from the factory.
Installing Batteries
Load four 1.5V AA-type penlight
3
alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd
batteries into the battery chamber. Be
sure to follow the indication
inside the chamber to ensure the batteries are properly loaded.
Using an external power source
For an external power source, use optional Nikon DC
Unit SD-7 or SD-8. For battery information, see page
138.
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Chapter
Getting Started
2
Close the battery chamber lid,
4
then slide cover to close.
Attaching Flash Unit to Camera Accessory Shoe
Turn the SB-25’s mounting foot
5
locking wheel to the loosened
position as far as it goes, without forcing.
For Nikon F3 Series users
The SB-25 can only be mounted on an F3 Series camera that uses a DE-2 or DE-3 finder. Be sure to attach
Flash Unit Coupler AS-4 or AS-7 to the camera’s
accessory shoe before mounting the SB-25 on the
camera.
Slide the mounting foot forward
6
onto the camera’s accessory
shoe as far as it goes.
Checking Battery Power
Tighten the locking wheel, taking
7
care not to over-tighten.
Precaution for Nikon F90-Series/N90 users
As the locking wheel is tightened, the SB-25 is firmly
attached to the accessory shoe with the mount pin. Be
extra careful that the locking wheel is completely loosened before removing the flash unit from the camera
or it may cause damage to both units.
Set power switch to STBY (stand-
8
by position) or ON to turn on the
speedlight.
If batteries are properly installed/
power is sufficient, ready-light will
come on, and LCD indications will
appear.
LCD figures and symbols for meters
(m) and feet (ft) do not appear simultaneously, as shown above. They are
shown together throughout this manual for ease of explanation.
Replace batteries with a fresh set:
With alkaline-manganese batteries — replace if readylight takes more than 30 sec. to light up.
With NiCd batteries — remove if ready-light takes
more than 10 sec. to light up.
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Adjustment Functions — Using LCD Panel and Built-in Functions
Tilting/rotating flash head, built-in zoom head, LCD panel
and control buttons for aperture/distance computation...
The SB-25 features many convenient functions. Proper
use will help you perform successful flash photography in
every situation.
Before practice, you should understand the adjustments
and reasons behind them. Once you have learned them,
you can make the most of the SB-25 for all kinds of flash
techniques.
Operation can be controlled manually or automatically,
depending on which Nikon SLR model is used. Manual
operation is described for each feature, then automatic
adjustment features are described within the boxed sections (with a mark).
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
Adjusting Flash Head To Horizontal/Front
Position
In “normal” shooting situations, the flash head should face
straight forward, tilted in the horizontal position. A
tilted/rotated head can be used for special techniques such
as close-ups or bounce flash photography.
Tilting/Rotating flash head to a position other than
horizontal and straight forward
Downward-tilted flash head (-7° position) is used for
taking pictures of subjects at a distance of less than
1.5m (approx. 5 ft.). When the head is set at this position, the distance indicator bars blink.
An upward-tilted and/or rotated flash head is used
for bounce flash photography. When the head is set
this way, the distance indicator bars do not
appear, to show the distance indication function is not
available.
See “Diffusing Light — To Soften Harsh Shadows,”
pages 119 to 123, for information on bounce flash
photography.
Tilt the flash head to the horizontal, until it click-stops.
1
The flash head locks both at the horizontal, facing straightforward (0° degree), and at the vertical, facing straight-up
(90° degrees).
To release from the locked position, slide the lock release
lever in the > direction, then, while holding the lever, tilt the
flash head.
Adjust the flash head so it faces straight forward —
2
check that it is not rotated to the right or left.
To unlock from the forward position, slide the lock release
lever in P direction, then, while holding the lever, rotate
flash head to either the right or left.
Chapter
Confirm indicator bars appear in the flash shoot-
3
ing distance scale (LCD panel). Bars do not appear or
will blink if the flash head is not set horizontal and straight
ahead.
If indicator bars do not appear in the LCD panel at all, check
whether the camera is turned on. If it is, lightly press the
shutter release button. If not, turn on the camera, then lightly press the shutter release button.
Indicator bars appear for eight seconds once activated (they
disappear after eight seconds). Lightly pressing the shutter
release button causes the bars to reappear.
2
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Chapter
Adjustment Functions
2
Using LCD Panel For Shooting-Distance Computation
Note: All LCD (liquid crystal display) figures and marks do
not appear simultaneously, as shown below. They are
shown together for ease of explanation.
Flash sync mode selector
Flash mode indicator
Film speed/Repeating flash indicator
Flash shooting distance scale
Zoom-head position indicator
Aperture indicator
Zoom button
Ready-light/open-flash buttonPower switch
Adjustment buttons
LCD panel
Flash mode selector
for Non-TTL Auto Flash expo-
sure control
for Manual Flash exposure con-
trol
for repeating flash
for TTL Auto Flash exposure
control
Exposure compensation indicator
Underexposure indicator
Exposure compensation/
underexposure value
Red-eye reduction control indicator
Light amount indicator
M button
Illuminator button
Select button
Confirming flash shooting distance is an indispensable step
for successful flash photography. The SB-25 can be used to
compute the appropriate distance range.
An appropriate flash shooting distance is determined
using the following variables:
• ISO FILM SPEED IN USE
• APERTURE VALUE
• ZOOM-HEAD POSITION
Indicator bars will appear to show a proper shooting
distance range only after all those variables have been set in
the LCD panel.
Automatic ISO film speed adjustment: F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/
N8008s
No manual adjustment is required with these camera
models, because ISO speed of film in use is automatically set and indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
When a film is not installed in the camera, ISO 100 is
indicated.
If no indication shows in the LCD panel, lightly press
the camera’s shutter release button.
Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment)
Push button so a film speed number starts blink-
1
ing beside the indication in the LCD panel.
Press adjustment button or to set the film
2
speed.
Operation in Repeating Flash Mode
Setting of ISO film speed is not required. The repeating flash indicator appears in the place of the film
speed indicator. For details, see pages 90 to 95.
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Chapter
Adjustment Functions
2
When the desired number
3
appears, press button to
complete setting. The indication will
stop blinking.
The film-speed indicator blinks during
adjustment, and stops blinking after
eight seconds unless an adjustment is
made with an adjustment button. The
last blinking number is automatically
set in this case.
Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment)
Automatic aperture
adjustment: F90-Series/
N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008 or
F-801s/N8008s used with an AF
Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
No manual adjustment is
required with these camera/lens
combinations, because the controlled aperture is automatically
Push button so an aperture
1
value number starts blinking
beside the indication in the LCD
panel.
Press adjustment button or
2
When camera is in programmed auto
or shutter-priority exposure mode, be
sure to use an aperture indicated in
the camera’s viewfinder (a “controlled
aperture”).
In general, first set the aperture on the
camera, then use the same value for
the SB-25.
to set the aperture value.
set and indicated in the SB-25’s
LCD panel (except in Non-TTL
Auto Flash mode).
When the desired number
3
appears, press button to
complete the setting. The indication
will stop blinking.
The aperture-value indicator blinks
during adjustment, and stops blinking
after eight seconds unless an adjustment is made with an adjustment button. The last blinking figure is automatically set in this case.
Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment)
Press the button until the number
in the LCD panel shows the focal
length of the lens in use or shorter.
When using a zoom lens other than AF
Zoom Nikkor, set the shortest focal
length of the lens to determine the
zoom-head position that covers the
full zoom length range.
Also, refer to page 139 on “Angle of
coverage,” an angle which flash light
can cover in a zoom-head position.
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Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F90-
Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/
N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
No manual adjustment is required with these camera/
lens combinations, because the SB-25 automatically
adjusts the zoom-head position to provide an angle of
coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use.
With an AF Nikkor lens of fixed focal length (including
the latest D-Type), the zoom head automatically adjusts
to the closest available wider focal length setting.
With a zoom lens, the zoom head automatically adjusts
within the limits of the available coverage (from 24mm to
85mm).
You must set zoom-head position manually when
using your camera with other lenses or to select a specifically desired position.
Chapter
2
Adjustment Functions
For manual adjustment (with same camera/lens combinations as above)
Press button until your desired zoom-head position
appears in the LCD panel, and note the small above
the (shown as ). Automatic adjustment will
resume when the disappears.
Chapter 3
Shooting Practice and Flash Mode
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TTL Auto Flash Mode — Fill-Flash with Automatically
Compensated Flash Output
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F90-Series/N90 Users
Chapter
3
In TTL Auto Flash mode, the SB-25 Speedlight can be used
for just about any shooting situation, from bright scenes to
dim lights. For precisely controlled exposures in wider
brightness ranges or more complex conditions, you can use
fill-flash techniques with automatic operation and/or
advanced user-controlled options.
The SB-25’s TTL Auto Flash mode offers even more flash
applications and options, such as flash synchronization with
slow shutter speeds (slow sync flash), bounce flash and creative close-up photography.
Even simple snap shots can be taken with a sophisticated touch. By setting the SB-25 to TTL Auto flash mode, you
can enjoy flash photography that is simple, yet the most
advanced available.
Using this flash mode with your camera
The SB-25 works in different ways, depending on which
camera it is used with. TTL Auto Flash mode, in particular,
offers several noteworthy features that vary from one model
to another. Be sure to read “Fully Automatic Fill-In Flash,”
pages 10 through 13, to become familiar with these SB-25
capabilities.
Use the following chart to locate pages relevant to your
camera model and the flash operation you wish to use.
TTL Auto Flash Mode:See pages
For N90/F90 Users33 — 39
For F4-Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8000s
Users40 — 47
For F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users48 — 56
For F-401x/N5005 Users57 — 63
For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users64 — 69
For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users70 — 75
For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V users76 — 79
For F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 users
No information is provided for these models in this
section, because they do not function in TTL Auto
Flash mode.
Choosing A Flash Method
The SB-25 enables you to perform any of the following fully
automatic fill-flash functions, or choose Standard TTL Flash.
(Functions are described in detail on pages 10 to 13.):
• 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash
• Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash
• Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
• Spot Fill-Flash
Use the chart at right to confirm which flash method you
will perform with the lens in use and metering system set on
the camera. In most cases, the lens/meter combination
determines the flash method.
If you have extra lens(es), you may be able to select a
particular flash method. For example, by replacing a D-Type
AF Nikkor with an AI-P lens, you can switch from 3D MultiSensor to Multi-Sensor Fill-Flash.
By using the SB-25’s button, you can perform
Standard TTL Flash (except for P and Ps exposure modes),
regardless of lens type.
Flash Methods in TTL Auto Flash Mode
3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash
Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
Spot Fill-Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Flash Methods: F90-Series/N90 Settings and Lenses
Lens in
Use
D-Type
AF Nikkor
Lenses
AF Nikkor
lenses
AI-P lenses
Other
lenses
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on camera; see instruction manual for infor-
2) Except D-Type and AF Nikkor lenses for F3AF.
3) You can not use the Ps mode as the shutter locks.
4) Only 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash can be
5) Exposure mode (P or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto (A), and
Camera’s Exposure Mode
1)
Programmed auto (P, Ps)
Shutter-priority auto (S)
Aperture-priority auto (A)
Manual (M)
Programmed auto (P, Ps)
Shutter-priority auto (S)
2)
Aperture-priority auto (A)
Manual (M)
Aperture-Priority auto (A)
3)
Manual (M)
mation.
performed; Standard TTL Flash is not available and the
used.
the mode indication blinks in the camera’s LCD panel; set desired aperture
manually.
Camera’s Metering System
Matrix
4)
3D Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash
4)
Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash
5)
Center-Weighted
Fill-Flash
Center-
Weighted
button cannot be
Spot
Spot Fill-
Flash
3332
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Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F90-Series/N90 Users
3
Set Up and Practice
Some operations can be controlled automatically when the
camera is used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest
D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU. In other cases,
operate manually.
The following instructions describe a situation where you
are using either a D-type Nikkor to operate 3D Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash, or an AF Nikkor (except for F3AF) or AIP lens to operate Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash. With
other lenses, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash will be performed.
Automatic aperture/zoom-head adjustment:
AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or
Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
The aperture and zoom-head position in use are automatically set and indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
For other lenses, set manually according to the
shooting situation. See “Setting Aperture Value
(Manual Adjustment),” pages 28 and 29, and “Setting
Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment),” pages 29
and 30.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL
FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
Remote TTL Auto Flash operation
The optional SC-17 cord enables you to use the SB-25
off-camera.
When performing 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced FillFlash, remote operation of the SB-25 works properly
only if the SB-25 is placed at a distance and angle
similar to the camera-to-subject distance/angle.
For other situations, switch to a flash method other
than 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash.
Setting Up SB-25
One of these marks appears for fully
automatic fill-flash; both disappear
for Standard TTL Flash
3. Flash sync
mode
selector at
NORMAL
5 Aperture
value and
zoom-head
position
2 Flash mode
selector at TTL
Auto
4 ISO
speed of
film in
use
1 For
selecting
flash
method
Press the button.
1
To perform 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash, confirm appears in the LCD panel.
To perform Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash, confirm
appears.
To perform Standard TTL Flash, press the button so
that both and disappears.
Choose (flash mode selector). Confirm in the
2
LCD panel.
Choose position (flash sync mode selec-
3
tor).
position is used for Rear-Curtain Sync Flash (see
page 105).
Confirm the ISO film speed has been set and appears
4
in the SB-25’s LCD panel (automatic ISO film speed
adjustment).
If not shown in the LCD panel, lightly press the camera’s
shutter release button.
Confirm the aperture value chosen on the camera and
5
zoom-head position have been set and appear in the
SB-25’s LCD panel (automatic aperture/zoom-head adjustment).
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Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F90-Series/N90 Users
3
Setting Up Your Camera
Select one of the following exposure modes:
6
a. Programmed auto (P or Ps)
b. Shutter-priority auto (S)
c. Aperture-priority auto (A)
d. Manual exposure mode (M)
Select a metering system:
7
a. Matrix metering system
b. Center-Weighted metering system
c. Spot metering system
Selecting an exposure-metering system on the F90Series/N90 camera
Either 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash will operate regardless of exposure
meter system chosen, when the camera is used with a Dtype Nikkor, an AF Nikkor (except for F3AF) or an AI-P
lens.
Choose a meter to measure background exposure that
most effectively meets the photo requirements you wish
to achieve.
Perform other settings:
8
a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture
(highest f-number).
b. For shutter-priority auto, set lens to minimum aper-
ture (highest f-number), then set desired shutter
speed*.
c. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
d. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Quick reference on the relationship between usable
apertures and flash shooting distance
Use the table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
Confirming Settings
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
9
press the shutter release button.
Use AE-L (Auto Exposure Lock) on the camera to capture
exact exposure information for your picture composition
(except when in manual exposure mode).
Confirm controlled aperture and shutter speed. These also
appear in the camera’s LCD panel.
The aperture in use (shown in the viewfinder) and shooting
distance indicator bars appear in the SB-25’s LCD
panel.
Over-/Underexposure warning (background
exposure)
For overexposure alert, HI or a “+ (positive)” value
appears in the F90-Series/N90 viewfinder and LCD
panel.
For underexposure, electronic analog displays (in
viewfinder and LCD panel) show Lo or a “– (negative)”
value.
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Page 20
Firing Flash
Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F90-Series/N90 Users
3
Confirm shooting distance.
10
Check whether subject falls within the range shown by the
shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD
panel.
If not, move closer to subject or select a wide aperture (in
aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode). Then,
repeat steps 9 and 10.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in
11
focus.
Confirm ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or on
the SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus
indicator I in the camera’s viewfinder.
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
12
Recheck ready-light and to see if it is blinking.
13
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the
flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Then, reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move
closer to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
Underexposure indication
When subject may have been underexposed, mark
and amount of underexposure (for example, )
appear in the SB-25’s LCD panel after firing.
To compensate underexposure in the above example, you might consider using an aperture at least 2
f/stops wider, or move closer to subject.
button to resume indication
The underexposure indication lasts only three seconds
Use the button to recall the indication last shown
in the LCD panel.
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Page 21
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
Choosing A Flash Method
The SB-25 enables you to perform the following flash methods. They are described in detail on pages 10 to 13.
• Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
• Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
• Spot Fill-Flash (not available with the F4-Series or
F-801/N8008)
• Standard TTL Flash
Use the chart at right to confirm which flash method you
will perform with your camera, the lens in use and the
metering system set on the camera. In most cases, the
lens/meter combination determines the flash method. In
other cases, you may have to switch metering systems,
change lenses, or both.
By using the SB-25’s button, you can also choose
Standard TTL Flash, regardless of lens type.
For practice, read “Set Up and Practice,” from page 42
on.
Flash Methods in TTL Auto Flash Mode
Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
Spot Fill-Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Flash Methods: F4-Series Settings and Lenses
Lens in Use
(with MultiFinder
2)
DP-20)
AF Nikkor
3)
lenses
AI-P lenses
AF Teleconverter/
AF Nikkor
lenses for
F3AF/AItype Nikkor
lenses
(including
AI-S)
Other lenses
1)
Camera’s
Exposure Mode
Programmed auto
H)
(P, P
Shutter-priority
auto (S)
Aperture-priority
auto (A)
Manual (M)
Aperture-priority
4)
auto (A)
Manual (M)
Programmed auto
(P, PH)
Shutter-priority
auto (S)
Aperture-priority
auto (A)
Manual (M)
Camera’s Metering System
Matrix
Matrix
Balanced
Fill-Flash
Matrix
Balanced
Fill-Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Center-
Weighted
Center-
Weighted
Fill-Flash
Center-
Weighted
Fill-Flash
Spot
Standard
TTL Flash
Standard
TTL Flash
Flash Methods: F-801/N8008 Settings and Lenses
Lens in
Use
AF
Nikkor
lenses
AI-P
lenses
Camera’s Exposure
1)
Programmed auto
D, P, P
(P
Shutter-priority auto
3)
(S)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Mode
H
)
Manual (M)
Other
lenses
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for
2) With AE Action Finder DA-20, Center-Weighted Fill-Flash and Standard TTL
3) Includes the latest D-type Nikkor lenses, but excludes AF lenses for F3 Series
Aperture-priority auto
5)
(A)
Manual (M)
information.
Flash can be used. With Waist-Level Finder DW-20 and 6x High-Magnification
Finder DW-21, because Matrix and Center-Weighted metering systems cannot be used, only Standard TTL Flash can be used.
cameras.
Camera’s Metering System
Matrix
Matrix
Balanced Fill-
Flash
Center-
Weighted
Center-
Weighted Fill-
Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
6)
Chapter
Flash Methods: F-801s/N8008s Settings and Lenses
Lens in
Use
AF
Nikkor
lenses
AI-P
lenses
Camera’s Exposure
1)
Programmed auto
D, P, P
(P
Shutter-priority auto
3)
(S)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Mode
H
)
Manual (M)
Other
lenses
4) Exposure mode (P, P
5) Exposure mode (P
6) Matrix metering system automatically shifts to Center-Weighted, as shown by
Aperture-priority auto
5)
(A)
Manual (M)
or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto (A).
Set desired aperture manually.
(A), shown by the blinking mode indication in the camera’s LCD panel. Set
desired aperture manually.
the blinking indication in the camera’s LCD panel. Only Center-Weighted FillFlash is available.
H
H
D, P, P
, or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto
Camera’s Metering System
Flash
Center-
Weighted
Center-
Weighted
Fill-Flash
6)
Spot Fill-
Spot Fill-
Matrix
Matrix
Balanced
Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-
Spot
Flash
Flash
3
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Page 22
Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
3
Set Up and Practice
Some operations can be controlled automatically when the
camera uses an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type)
or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU. In other cases, operate
manually.
Note that the following instructions describe a situation
where you are using either a D-type Nikkor, an AF Nikkor
(except for F3AF) or an AI-P lens.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL
FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
Automatic zoom-head/aperture adjustment:
AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or
Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
The aperture and zoom-head position in use are automatically set and indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
For other lenses, set manually according to the
shooting situation. See “Setting Aperture Value
(Manual Adjustment),” pages 28 and 29, and “Setting
Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment),” pages 29
and 30.
Setting Up SB-25
Appears for fully automatic fillflash; disappears for Standard
TTL Flash.
3 Flash sync
mode
selector at
NORMAL
5 Aperture
value and
zoom-head
position
2 Flash mode
selector at TTL
Auto
4 ISO
speed of
film in
use
1 For
selecting
flash
method
Press the button.
1
To perform Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or Spot
Fill-Flash, confirm appears in the LCD panel.
To perform Standard TTL Flash, press the button so that
disappears.
Choose (flash mode selector position). Confirm
2
3
page 105).
4
adjustment).
ISO speed of the film in use is automatically set. If not
shown in the LCD panel, lightly press the camera’s shutter
release button.
Confirm the ISO film speed has been set and appears
in the SB-25’s LCD panel (automatic ISO film speed
Confirm the aperture value chosen on the camera and
zoom-head position have been set and appear in the
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Page 23
Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
3
Setting Up Your Camera
Select one of the following exposure modes:
6
a. Programmed auto (either P, P
b. Shutter-priority auto (S)
c. Aperture-priority auto (A)
d. Manual (M)
Select a metering system:
H, P
H
or PD
7
a. Matrix metering system to perform Matrix Balanced
Fill-Flash.
b. Center-Weighted metering system to perform
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash.
c. With the F-801s/N8008s, Spot metering system to
perform Spot Fill Flash.
d. Any metering system can be chosen to perform
Standard TTL Flash.
Confirming Settings
Perform other settings:
8
)
a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture
(highest f-number).
b. For shutter-priority auto, set lens to minimum aper-
ture (highest f-number), then set desired shutter
speed*.
c. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
d. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
F4-Series
F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release
9
button.
Use AE-L (Auto Exposure Lock) on the camera to capture exact exposure information for your picture composition (except when in manual exposure mode).
Confirm controlled aperture and check that the shutter speed falls between 1/60
sec. and 1/250 sec. With F-801/N8008 or F-801s/N8008s, these also appear in
the camera’s LCD panel.
The aperture in use (shown in the viewfinder) and shooting distance indicator
bars appear in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
Overexposure warning (background exposure)
For overexposure alert, HI
appears (together with lens’ minimum aperture for the F-801/
N8008 and F-801s/ N8008s). in
the position that indicates the
camera’s shutter speed.
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Page 24
F4-Series
F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s
SB-25
Firing Flash
Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
3
Confirm shooting distance.
10
Check whether subject falls within the range shown by the
shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD
panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode),
then repeat steps 9 and 10.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in
11
focus.
Confirm ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or on
the SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus
indicator I in the camera’s viewfinder.
Fully depress the shutter release button to fire flash.
12
Check again whether ready-light is blinking.
13
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, flash
has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been
insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority
auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
Controlled shutter speed and aperture in Matrix
Balanced Fill-Flash/Standard TTL Flash
When the SB-25 is set at position (for flash sync
mode selector), the camera automatically controls the
shutter speed and aperture between 30 — 1/250 sec.
in programmed auto and aperture-priority auto exposure mode.
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Page 25
Chapter
3
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-601/N6006 and F-601
Choosing A Flash Method
Use the camera’s Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash button
to perform any of the following fully automatic fill-flash functions, or choose Standard TTL Flash. (Functions are
described in detail on pages 10 to 13.):
• Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
• Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
• Spot Fill-Flash (not available with the F-601
M/N6000)
Use the chart below to confirm which flash method you
will perform with your camera, the lens in use and the
metering system set on the camera. In most cases, the
Flash Methods with F-601/N6006
Lens in
Use
AF
Nikkor
lenses
AI-P
lenses
Other
lenses
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for
information.
2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras.
Camera’s Exposure
1)
Programmed auto
(P
M, P)
Shutter-priority auto
2)
(S)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Manual (M)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Mode
Camera’s Metering System
Flash
Center-
Weighted
Center-
Weighted
Fill-Flash
3)
Spot Fill-
Spot Fill-
Matrix
Matrix
Balanced
Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-
Spot
Flash
Flash
lens/meter combination determines the flash method. In
other cases, you may have to switch metering systems,
change lenses, or both.
Standard TTL Flash can be operated regardless of lens
type.
For practice, see “Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash button” on the next page and read “Set Up and Practice,” from
page 50 on.
Flash Methods with F-601M/N6000
Lens in
1)
Use
AF
Nikkor
lenses
AI-P
lenses
Other
lenses
3) Matrix metering system automatically shifts to Center-Weighted, indicated by
a blinking mark in the camera’s LCD panel. Only Center-Weighted Fill-Flash is
available.
M/N6000 Users
Camera’s Exposure
Mode
Programmed auto
(P
M, P)
Shutter-priority auto
2)
(S)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Manual (M)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Camera’s Metering System
Matrix
Matrix
Balanced Fill-
Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
Center-
Weighted
Center-
Weighted Fill-
Flash
Set Up and Practice
Check the charts on page 48 to determine which flash is
available and appropriate before actual shooting.
Note that the following instructions describe a situation
where you are using either a D-type Nikkor, an AF Nikkor
(except for F3AF) or an AI-P lens. With any other lens,
Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash will be performed.
Flash Methods in TTL Auto Flash Mode
3)
Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
Spot Fill-Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL
FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
✗USE A FILM BETWEEN ISO 25 TO ISO 1000.
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash button
To operate any of the fully automatic fill-flash functions
(Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash),
use the camera’s MODE/button so that
appears in the camera’s LCD panel.
To activate Standard TTL Flash, use the same but-
ton again so that the in the LCD panel disappears.
The SB-25’s and buttons cannot be used
in either of the above cases for flash method selection.
Also, the mark does not appear in the SB-25’s
LCD panel.
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Page 26
Chapter
3
Setting Up SB-25
2 Flash sync mode selector at
NORMAL
10 Aperture
value
4 Zoom-head position
1 Flash mode selec-
tor at TTL Auto
3 ISO speed
of film in
use
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
2
* For SLOW SYNC FLASH or REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH, perform the set-
3
For instruction, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28.
in the LCD panel.
Choose position* (flash sync mode selector).
tings on the camera; setting priorities are determined by the camera and flash
sync mode selections on the SB-25 will be ignored.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds
are ISO 25 to ISO 1000.
Set the built-in zoom head position.
4
For instruction, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-601/N6006 and F-601
Setting Up Your Camera
To perform Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or
5
Spot Fill-Flash, use the MODE/button, and confirm
the mark in the LCD panel.
To perform Standard TTL Flash, use the MODE/but-
ton, and confirm the mark disappears from the LCD
panel.
Select one of the following exposure modes:
6
a. Programmed auto (either P
b. Shutter-priority auto (S)
c. Aperture-priority auto (A)
d. Manual exposure mode (M)
Select a metering system:
M or P)
7
a. Matrix metering system to perform Matrix Balanced
Fill-Flash.
b. Center-Weighted metering system to perform
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash.
c. With the F-601/N6006, Spot metering system to per-
form Spot Fill Flash.
d. Any metering system can be chosen to perform
Standard TTL Flash.
M/N6000 Users
Perform other settings:
8
a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture
(highest f-number).
b. For shutter-priority auto, set lens to minimum aper-
ture (highest f-number), then set desired shutter
speed*.
c. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
d. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Quick reference on the relationship between
usable apertures and flash shooting distance
Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
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Page 27
Chapter
3
Confirming Settings
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
9
press the shutter release button.
Confirm aperture and shutter speed. These also appear in
the camera’s LCD panel.
Controlled shutter speed and aperture in
programmed/aperture-priority auto
Aperture and shutter speed are automatically controlled by the camera as specified in the following
tables.
Controlled shutter speeds
Lens in use (focal length)Shutter speed
60mm or shorter1/(focal length) to 1/125 sec.
Longer than 60mm1/60 to 1/125 sec.
Usable maximum apertures in programmed auto
ISO film
speed
Controlled
aperture*
* Above figures for F-601/N6006, below for F-601M/N6000.
2550100 200 400 8001000
f/4 f/4.8 f/5.6 f/6.7 f/8 f/9.5f/10
f/2.8 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11
f/11+
f/stop
1
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-601/N6006 and F-601
Set the controlled aperture (from step 9)*, then read
10
shooting distance range on the SB-25’s LCD panel.
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual
/3
Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting
distance range for that setting.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from
the indicator bars (step 11); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does
not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations — a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Confirm shooting distance.
11
Check whether subject falls within range of the shooting
distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD panel. If
not, move closer to subject or select a wide aperture (when
aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then
repeat steps 10 and 11.
M/N6000 Users
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Page 28
Chapter
3
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in
12
focus.
Confirm ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or on
the SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus
indicator I in the camera’s viewfinder.
Firing Flash
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
13
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
14
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the
flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Next, reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move
closer to the subject or select a wider aperture (in aperturepriority auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate
underexposure.
“+” value appears in electronic
analog display.
“HI” appears in shutter speed
position (F-601
Shutter speed display blinks
M/N6000).
Background may
be underexposed.
Background may
be overexposed.
Selected shutter
speed may be too
slow for handheld photography
or for movement
of subject
If necessary, select a wider aperture. If
under exposure display stays on, change
from normal to slow sync, though shutter
speed becomes slower.
If necessary, select a smaller aperture
(larger f-number).
Select a wider aperture.
M/N6000 Users
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401x/N5005 Users
Choosing A Flash Method
The SB-25 enables you to perform Matrix Balanced or
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash. These functions are described
in detail on pages 10 and 11.
You can choose Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash when using
programmed auto, shutter-priority or aperture-priority exposure mode, or Center-Weighted Fill-Flash when using manual exposure mode (see the chart at right).
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for
2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras.
1)
Programmed auto
(P)
Shutter-priority auto
(S)
2)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Manual (M)
information.
Camera’s Exposure
Mode
SB-25 Flash
Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash
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Page 30
Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401x/N5005 Users
3
Set Up and Practice
Check the charts on page 57 to determine which flash is
available and suitable for your shooting situation before
actual shooting.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗SET LENS TO MINIMUM APERTURE (HIGHEST F-
NUMBER).
✗USE A FILM BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO 1000.
Setting Up SB-25
2 Flash sync
mode selector
at NORMAL
8 Aperture
value
4 Zoom-head position
1 Flash mode selector
at TTL Auto
3 ISO speed
of film in
use
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
2
* Since TTL Auto Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash sync
3
For instruction, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28.
in the LCD panel.
Choose position* (flash sync mode selector).
mode selector setting, for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable speeds are
ISO 25 to ISO 1000.
Set the built-in zoom head position.
4
For instruction, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Setting Up Your Camera
Select one of the following exposure modes:
5
a. Programmed auto (P), shutter-priority auto (S) or
aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Matrix
Balanced Fill-Flash.
b. Manual exposure mode to perform Center-
Weighted Fill-Flash.
Perform other settings:
6
a. For shutter-priority auto, set desired shutter speed*.
b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
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Confirm Settings
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
7
press the shutter release button.
Confirm exposure indicator LEDs (+, R, –) in the viewfinder
appear, and make adjustments if necessary.
Use the following chart to read LEDs.
Quick reference on the relationship between
usable apertures and flash shooting distance
Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
Warning indications
Selected
exposure
mode
Programmed
auto
Shutterpriority auto
Aperturepriority auto
Manual
Viewfinder
indication
+ or + R
– R or –
+ or + R
– R or –
+ or + R
– R or –
LED
No
R
R
R
Status/cause
—
Background is
overexposed.
OK: Background
is correctly
exposed
Background is
underexposed
Background is
overexposed
OK: Background
is correctly
exposed
Background is
underexposed
Background is
overexposed
OK: Background
is correctly
exposed
Background is
underexposed
Troubleshooting
—
Select faster shutter speed until only
R appears.
—
Select slower
shutter speed until
only R appears.
Select smaller
aperture until only
R appears.
—
Select larger aperture until only R
appears.
Select faster shutter speed or smaller aperture.
—
Select slower
shutter speed or
larger aperture.
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401x/N5005 Users
Set aperture in the SB-25’s LCD panel*, then read the shooting distance
8
range.
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you
have set on the camera (from step 6).
In programmed auto or shutter-priority auto exposure mode, aperture is automati-
cally controlled by the camera. Choose and set a value, using the “Guide to
determining aperture” in the following page.
Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 9);
setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations — a shot will be
taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Chapter
Confirm shooting distance.
9
Check whether subject falls within the
range of the shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD
panel. If not, move closer to subject or
select a wider aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure
mode), then repeat steps 8 and 9.
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Guide to determining aperture
Use these suggestions as a guide. To choose a suitable aperture, select aperture-priority auto or manual
exposure mode.
In programmed auto
For subjects backlit by the sunf/16
For outdoor subjects on a sunny dayf/8
For outdoor subjects on a cloudy day,
in shadows, or for indoor subjects
In shutter-priority auto
For subjects backlit by the sunf/16 at 1/125 sec.
For outdoor subjects on a sunny dayf/8 at 1/125 sec.
For outdoor subjects on a cloudy day
in shadows
For indoor subjectsf/5.6 at 1/30 sec
Usable maximum apertures in programmed auto or shutter priority auto
Choose an aperture that does not exceed the maximum possible aperture for the film in use, as given below.
ISO film
speed
Maximum
aperture
2550100 200 400 8001000
f/4 f/4.7 f/5.6 f/6.7 f/8 f/9.5f/10
f/5.6
f/5.6 at 1/125 sec.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in
10
focus.
Confirm ready-light is on in the camera viewfinder or on
the SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus
indicator I in the camera’s viewfinder.
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401x/N5005 Users
Firing Flash
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
11
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
12
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the
flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority
auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
Chapter
3
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TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
Chapter
3
Choosing A Flash Method
The SB-25 lets you choose between Programmed TTL Auto
Flash or Standard TTL Flash in TTL Auto flash mode.
Use the charts at right to confirm available flash/exposure
mode combinations.
Programmed TTL Auto Flash
By setting the camera’s exposure mode to a programmed
auto setting (either PDUAL
Programmed TTL Auto Flash.
In Programmed TTL Auto Flash, the camera automatically
selects a shutter speed of 1/125 sec. and a controlled aperture that corresponds to the ISO speed of the film in use
(see chart on page 68).
Flash output is regulated by the Speedlight to ensure a
“correct” subject exposure. This enables you to concentrate
on picture composition without worrying about exposure
settings (including aperture).
You can also perform Standard TTL Flash with the camera set at aperture-priority auto (A) or manual exposure
mode. In Standard TTL Flash, the Speedlight controls the
flash output level to correctly expose the subject. Shutterspeed and/or aperture setting(s) can be selected by the
user.
, P or PHI), you can choose
TTL Auto flash mode with F-501/N2020 and
F-301/N2000
Camera’s
Lens in Use
AI-S type
lenses
(including
AF Nikkor
and AI-P)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for
information.
2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras.
For Programmed TTL Auto Flash, use only AI-S lenses, which include AF
Nikkor, Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU and Series E lenses.
1)
Exposure Mode
Programmed auto
DUAL, P or PHI)
(P
Aperture-priority
auto (A)
2)
Manual (M)
SB-25 Flash
Programmed TTL Auto Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Set Up and Practice
You can choose Programmed TTL Auto Flash against
Standard TTL Flash by setting camera to a programmed
auto exposure mode (either PDUAL
on the previous page.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL
FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
✗USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO
1000.
✗USE AN AI-S LENS (AF Nikkor, Nikkor lens with built-in
CPU or Series E lens).
To distinguish AI-S lenses from others
Look for an orange mark on the minimum aperture
scale of the lens.
, P or PHI). Check charts
Setting Up SB-25
2 Flash sync mode
selector at NORMAL
7 Aperture
value
4 Zoom-head position
1 Flash mode selector
at TTL Auto
3 ISO speed
of film in
use
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Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
3
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
2
* Since TTL Auto Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash sync
3
For instruction, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28.
in the LCD panel.
Choose position* (flash sync mode selector).
mode selector setting, for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.
Set ISO speed of film in use. Usable film speeds are
ISO 25 to ISO 1000.
Set the built-in zoom head position.
4
For instruction, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the
figure input changes.
Quick reference on the relationship between
usable apertures and flash shooting distance
Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
Setting Up Your Camera
Select one of the following exposure modes:
5
a. Programmed auto (either P
Programmed TTL Auto Flash.
b. Aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Standard TTL
Flash.
c. Manual exposure mode to perform Standard TTL
Flash.
Perform other settings:
DUAL, P or PHI) to perform
6
a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture
(highest f-number).
b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Confirm Settings
Set aperture in the SB-25’s LCD panel*.
7
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
In programmed auto exposure mode, aperture is automatically controlled by the
camera. Choose a value, using “Shutter speed/aperture settings in Programmed
TTL Auto Flash” in the following page.
In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you
have set on the camera (from step 6).
Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 8);
setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations — a shot will be
taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Confirm shooting distance.
8
Check whether subject falls within the
range of the shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD
panel. If not, move closer to subject or
select a wider aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure
mode), then repeat steps 7 and 8.
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Shutter speed/aperture settings in Programmed
TTL Auto Flash
The camera automatically locks the shutter release at
1/125 sec. Aperture value is automatically controlled
to correspond with the film in use.
Film speed and corresponding controlled aperture
ISO film
speed
Controlled
aperture
2550100 200 400 8001000
f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16
f/16+
f/stop
1
Chapter
3
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
Firing Flash
/3
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
9
press the shutter release button.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus.
Check that ready-light is on in camera viewfinder or on the
SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus.
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
10
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
11
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the
flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority
auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
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TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users
Chapter
3
Choosing A Flash Method
The SB-25 can be used in the same manner as the camera’s built-in TTL flash, but offers more powerful light output
and a greater shooting distance range.
The SB-25’s setting takes full advantage of the
F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s’ multi-sensor metering
system for flash photography.
Is the scene “bright” or “dark,” and which is brighter —
the subject or background? The algorithm in the metering
system checks the amount of light based on these questions, and the camera asks through the viewfinder whether
you choose to use the flash or not.
In any case, if you decide to use the flash, the camera
automatically sets the most appropriate flash method for
your shooting situation: Programmed TTL Auto Flash or
Standard TTL Flash.
Use the chart in the next page to confirm available
flash/exposure mode combinations.
Viewfinder prompt: Use flash or not
When the SB-25 is attached to the camera but turned
off, the camera’s viewfinder ready-light blinks to suggest you use a flash. You can reject or ignore the
prompt simply by leaving the SB-25’s power off (
continues blinking).
Programmed TTL Auto Flash
When light is low and the flash is needed, the camera asks
you to confirm whether you wish to use the flash. If you
decide to use it in programmed auto or shutter-priority
exposure mode, the right aperture and shutter speed are
automatically selected by the camera. Flash output is controlled by the Speedlight to correctly expose the subject.
Standard TTL Flash
When using aperture-priority auto or manual exposure
mode, you will be asked to confirm flash use, the same as
above. Flash output is controlled by the Speedlight for a
correctly exposed subject. Shutter-speed and/or aperture
setting(s) can be selected by the user.
TTL Auto flash mode with F-401/N4004 and
F-401s/N4004s
Lens in
Use
AF
Nikkor
lenses
AI-P
lenses
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for
information.
2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras.
For Programmed TTL Auto Flash, use only AF Nikkor lenses (including latest
D-Type), except AF Nikkor 80mm f/2.8, 200mm f/3.5 IF-ED and Autofocus
Converter TC-16/TC-16A.
Camera’s Exposure
1)
Programmed auto
(A/S)
Shutter-priority auto
(S)
2)
Aperture-priority auto
(A)
Manual (M)
Mode
SB-25 Flash
Programmed TTL Auto Flash
Standard TTL Flash
Set Up and Practice
When camera is set at programmed auto (A/S) or shutterpriority auto (S) exposure mode, it automatically switches
into Programmed TTL Auto Flash.
Before proceeding, be sure to:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗SET LENS TO MINIMUM APERTURE (HIGHEST F-
NUMBER).
✗USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO
400.
✗USE AN AF NIKKOR LENS (including the latest D-Type
Lens, but excluding AF Nikkor 80mm f/2.8, 200mm f/3.5
IF-ED and Autofocus Converters TC-16/TC-16A).
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Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users
3
Setting Up SB-25
2 Flash sync mode
selector at NORMAL
7 Aperture
value
4 Zoom-head position
1 Flash mode
selector at
TTL Auto
3 ISO speed
of film in
use
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
2
* Since TTL Auto Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash sync
3
For instruction, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28.
in the LCD panel.
Choose position* (flash sync mode selector).
mode selector setting, for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds
are ISO 25 to ISO 400.
Set the built-in zoom head position.
4
For instruction, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the
figure input changes.
Setting Up Your Camera
Select one of the following exposure modes:
5
a. Programmed auto (A/S) to perform Programmed
TTL Auto Flash.
b. Shutter-priority auto (S) to perform Programmed
TTL Auto Flash.
c. Aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Standard TTL
Flash.
d. Manual exposure mode to perform Standard TTL
Flash.
Perform other settings:
6
a. For shutter-priority auto, set desired shutter speed*.
b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture.
c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter
speed* and aperture.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Quick reference on the relationship between
usable apertures and flash shooting distance
Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
Confirming Settings
Set aperture in the SB-25’s LCD panel*.
7
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
In programmed auto and shutter-priority auto exposuremode, set an aperture using the “Guide to determine aper-
ture” in the following page.
In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the
aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6).
Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting
distance range for that setting.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from
the indicator bars (step 8); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does
not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations — a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
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Confirm shooting distance.
8
Check whether subject falls within the range of the shooting
distance indicator bars in the SB-25’s LCD panel. If
not, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (when
aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then
repeat steps 7 and 8.
Guide to determining aperture
Use these suggestions as a guide for choosing aperture.
In programmed auto (ISO 100)
For subjects backlit by the sunf/16
For outdoor subjects on a sunny dayf/8
For subjects beside a bright windowf/5.6
For indoor subjectf/5.6
In shutter-priority auto
For subjects backlit by the sunf/16 at 1/100 sec.
For outdoor subjects on a sunny dayf/8 at 1/100 sec.
For subjects beside a bright windowf/5.6 at 1/100 sec.
For indoor subjectsf/5.6 at 1/30 sec.
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
9
press the shutter release button.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus.
Confirm ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or on
the SB-25 .
Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus
indicator I in the camera’s viewfinder
Chapter
Firing Flash
Fully depress the shutter release button to fire flash.
10
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
11
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the
flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to the subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority
auto manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
3
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TTL Auto Flash Mode: For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
Chapter
3
Choosing A Flash Method
FA, FE2, FG or Nikonos V users can use the SB-25
Speedlight to perform Standard TTL Flash, for fully automatic though-the-lens (TTL) control of flash exposure.
Standard TTL Flash can be performed by setting the
SB-25 at . In Standard TTL Flash, the flash output level
is controlled by the Speedlight to correctly expose subject.
Set Up and Practice
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO
400.
Caution
Use the SB-25 exclusively for on-land conditions; it cannot be used in underwater conditions.
Always keep the unit away from salt water, rain or
water splashes.
Setting Up SB-25
2 Flash sync mode
selector at NORMAL
7 Aperture
value
4 Zoom-head position
1 Flash mode selector
at TTL Auto
3 ISO speed
of film in
use
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
2
* Since TTL Auto Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash sync
3
For instruction, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28.
in the LCD panel.
Choose position* (flash sync mode selector).
mode selector setting, for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds
are from ISO 25 to ISO 400
Set position of the built-in zoom head.
4
For instruction, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the
figure input changes.
Setting Up Your Camera
Set desired shutter speed*.
5
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Set your chosen aperture.
6
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Chapter
TTL Auto Flash Mode: For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
3
Confirm Settings
Set aperture in use.
7
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the
figure input changes.
Determine approximate flash-shooting distance range by
reading indicator bars.
Quick reference on relationship between usable
apertures and flash shooting distance
Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
8
press the shutter release button.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus.
Check if ready-light is on in camera’s viewfinder or on the
SB-25 .
Firing Flash
Fully depress the shutter release button to fire flash.
9
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
10
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, flash
has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been
insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority
auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
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Non-TTL Auto Flash Mode — Shooting with Various Lens Apertures
To use various lens apertures for the same subject or when
camera/lens combination is incompatible with TTL Auto
Flash mode, set the SB-25’s flash mode selector to for
Non-TTL Auto Flash operation.
In Non-TTL Auto Flash shooting, light output automatically changes to match the flash-to-subject distance, but
instead of light being measured through the lens, it is measured by the light sensor on the front of the SB-25.
The SB-25 can be used in Non-TTL Auto Flash mode with
any Nikon camera/lens combination.
to fire. Push for test firing. Blinks after firing
indicates possible underexposure.
1 Flash mode
selector at
Non-TTL Auto
4 Aperture
value
Choose position (flash mode
1
selector). Confirm appears in
the LCD panel.
Choose position
2
(flash sync mode selector*).
*position is used for Rear-Curtain Sync
Flash, and only with the F90-Series/N90, F4Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8008s. For
details, see page 105.
Set ISO film speed and position
3
the built-in zoom head.
For instructions, see “Setting ISO Film
Speed (Manual Adjustment),” pages
27 to 28, and “Setting Zoom-Head
Position (Manual Adjustment),” pages
29 to 30.
Chapter
Set desired aperture in the SB-25’s LCD panel, then set again on the cam-
4
era.
For instructions, see “Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment),” pages 28 to
29.
Indicator bars show a appropriate shooting distance range.
3
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Push button for a test firing (see page 110) when
5
you are not sure whether subject is within the flash
shooting range.
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after test firing,
flash has fired at its maximum output but light might not
have been sufficient. Select a wider aperture or move closer
to subject.
F90-Series/N90’s viewfinder
Look into the camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
6
the press shutter release button to confirm that subject
is in focus.
Check that ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or
on the SB-25 .
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
7
Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
8
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting,
flash has fired at maximum output but the light may have
been insufficient.
Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer
to subject or select a wider aperture to compensate underexposure.
Chapter
Non-TTL Auto Flash Mode
Exposure compensation
Exposure compensation in Non-TTL Auto Flash mode
is achieved by purposely setting a different aperture
value on the camera (actually on the lens in most
cases) than on the SB-25.
Use an aperture 1/3 to one stop smaller for an
entirely dark background (low reflectance). For backgrounds that include a highly reflective object, use an
aperture 1/3 to one stop larger.
Note that shooting distance range indication
corresponds to the aperture value set on the SB-25 —
not on the camera.
In general, you may want to take a series of pictures
using exposure bracketing.
3
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Manual Flash Mode — Manual Light-Output Control
With the SB-25’s flash mode selector at , you can perform manual flash photography.
For manual flash photography, it is important to choose
an appropriate aperture and shooting distance to achieve
your desired effect. To help approximate these variables,
you can use the SB-25’s LCD panel and control buttons as
a “calculator”, or use “guide numbers” (see page 118).
To enhance this feature, the SB-25 lets you manually
adjust flash output levels from full power (1/1) to 1/2, 1/4,
1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, and FP1 and FP2.
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE APERTURE-PRIORITY AUTO OR MANUAL EXPO-
SURE MODE.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANU-
AL FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
Set Up and Practice
2 Flash sync mode
selector at NORMAL
3 ISO film
speed in
use and
zoom-head
position
1 Flash mode selector
at Manual Flash
6 Aperture
value
4 Flash out-
put level
Chapter
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
appears in the LCD panel.
Choose position (flash sync mode selec-
2
tor*).
*position is used for Rear-Curtain Sync Flash, and only with the F90-
Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8008s. For details, see
page105.
Set ISO film speed and the built-in zoom head position.
3
For instructions, see “Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28, and “Setting Zoom-Head
Position (Manual Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Automatic ISO film speed/zoom-head position
adjustment: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/
N8008, or F-801s/N8008s used with an AF Nikkor
lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens
having a built-in CPU
The film speed and zoom-head position in use are
automatically set and indicated in the SB-25’s LCD
panel.
For other lenses, set manually according to the
shooting situation. See “Setting ISO Film Speed
(Manual Adjustment),” pages 27 to 28, and “Setting
Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment),” pages 29
to 30.
3
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Chapter
Manual Flash Mode
3
Press button to choose desired light output.
4
You can choose an amount ranging from full power (1/1) to
one sixty-fourth (1/64). LCD indications change as: - -
- - - - - -.
With the F90-Series/N90, indication , and then will appear
after . At the same time, appears next to . This
applies exclusively to FP High-Speed Sync Flash and is discussed in the following pages (see pages 98 to 103).
Fine light-output adjustment: F90-Series/N90 with
AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or
Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
Additionally, you can manipulate light output in finer
increments of ±1/3, as long
as light output is set
between and .
Press button and
confirm appears in the
SB-25’s LCD panel. By
pressing button, you
can increase the light
amount by +1/3 (blinking below the mark), by
+2/3 (blinking ), or by +1 (blinking ).
To decrease, use in the same manner; blinking
numbers change from (by -1/3) to (by -2/3) to
(by -1).
For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture on the
5
camera.
For manual exposure mode, set desired aperture and shutter speed* on the camera.
* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose
a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Using guide number
Guide number is helpful to calculate exact flash shooting distance in manual flash operation. For details, see
“Guide Number — To Calculate a Proper Aperture,”
page 118, and “Specification,” page 139.
Automatic aperture adjustment: F90-Series/
N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/
N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
The aperture in use and an indicator bar are
automatically indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel. With
other lenses, you must operate manually and follow
steps 6, 7 and 8.
To skip steps 6, 7 and 8, check that subject is
standing at the location suggested by the LCD’s measurement scale. If not, change aperture by turning the
lens’ aperture ring to adjust the bar.
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Set the same aperture value in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
6
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Values (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
An indicator bar appears to show appropriate shooting
distance for the selected aperture.
88
If necessary, press or button to reset the indi-
7
cator bar so it points to the measurement scale
that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject
distance (can be read from lens barrel).
Manipulating indication bar causes the aperture value in the
LCD panel to change.
On the camera, reset the aperture value obtained in the
8
previous step (the aperture that corresponds to the
actual flash-to-subject distance).
You have now completed all necessary adjustments for
locating the subject within an appropriate shooting distance
range for the predetermined light output and aperture.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
9
press the shutter release button to confirm that subject
is in focus.
Check that ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or
on the SB-25 .
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
10
Synchronization in Continuous Shooting
The SB-25 is able to recycle fast enough to synchronize
with a motor-driven camera firing continuously at up to six
frames per sec. at 1/64 light output. This means you can
take up to 40 flash pictures in rapid succession. Batteries
must be fresh to achieve the rates indicated.
Continuous firing in Manual Flash mode
Inside
SB-25
AA-type
alkalinemanganese
(four sets)
AA-type
NiCd (four
sets)
Batteries
Optional
external pow-
er source
(when used
with NiCd bat-
Light output
—
SD-7
SD-8
SD-8
teries)
Number of
continuous flash
(frames)
More than 4
More than 8
More than 16
More than 30
More than 6
More than 10
More than 40
More than 40
More than 5
More than 10
More than 20
More than 40
More than 5
More than 10
More than 30
More than 40
Chapter
Manual Flash Mode
Caution
Let the flash unit rest at least 10 minutes after
continuous firing at a maximum number (see the
chart), to allow it to cool off. Overuse generates heat
that could shorten the Speedlight’s life.
Safety range in continuous firing
Flash modeMax. number
TTL Auto 15
Non-TTL Auto 15
15 at full (1/1) or 1/2 light output,
Manual Flash
40 at 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
or 1/64 light output
3
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Chapter
3
Repeating Flash
For multiple flash exposures on a single frame, use the
SB-25 in the mode. The flash can be fired up to to 160
times on one frame, and if used in conjunction with the
camera body’s multiple exposure control, many more flash
can be achieved on the same frame.
When making multiple exposures, there are many factors
to consider. You may want to experiment before making the
final exposure.
*position is only used for Rear-Curtain Sync Flash in TTL Auto , Non-
TTL Auto
Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8008s. For details, see page 105.
and Manual Flash, and only with the F90-Series/N90, F4-
Set the built-in zoom head position.
3
For instructions, see “Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 29 to 30.
Press button to choose desired light output.
4
You can choose an amount ranging from one eighth of full
power (1/8) to one sixty-fourth (1/64). LCD indications
change as: - - - --.
Automatic zoom-head position adjustment:
F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or
F-801s/N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a builtin CPU
The zoom-head position in use is automatically set
and indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
For other lenses, set manually according to the
shooting situation. See “Setting Zoom-Head Position
(Manual Adjustment),” pages 29 and 30.
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Press until a number (flash speed per second)
5
starts blinking beside .
Use or to set a desired flash speed.
See “Determining shutter speed with number/speed of
flashes” on page 93.
Press again until a number (flashes per frame)
6
starts blinking beside center hyphen .
Use or to set the desired number.
The maximum number of flashes per frame depends on
light-output amount and flash speed. If two hyphens
blink, the available number of flashes is fixed (no other
choice). For details, see the chart below.
F90-Series/N90’s LCD panel
Set desired shutter speed and aperture on the camera.
7
Choose B (bulb) setting or a shutter speed long enough to
accommodate the flash you will fire. For calculations, see at
right, “Determining shutter speed with number/speed of
flashes.”
Use a tripod to minimize camera shake.
Chapter
Repeating Flash Mode
Determining shutter speed with number/speed of
flash
Frequency (Hz) represents the number of flash fired
per second. For example, 10Hz will fire 10 times in one
second. Or, because firing the flash five times takes
1/2 sec. at 10Hz, the shutter speed must be adjusted
to at least as slow as 1/2 sec.
For another example, firing six times at 8Hz takes
6/8 sec. to occur. However, because your camera
does not have a shutter speed of 6/8 (0.75) sec., you
should set it to the closest slower shutter speed,
which is one second.
The following equation can be applied to calculate
an appropriate shutter speed:
[Shutter speed] ≈
where the result (shutter speed) must be rounded off to
the closest slower shutter speed available with your
camera.
[Number of flash per frame]
[Speed of flash (Hz)]
3
Number of repeating flashes per frame (shown with blinking
hyphens
SD-7 or SD-8
Flash speed
per second
8 — 10 Hz
20 — 50 Hz
) : Figures indicate use with External Power Source
Light output amount
1 — 7 Hz204080160
10204080
8 162040
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Chapter
Repeating Flash Mode
3
Set the same aperture value in the SB-25’s LCD Panel
8
that you set on the camera (step 7).
For instruction, see “Setting Aperture Values (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 28 to 29.
An indicator bar appears to show appropriate shooting
distance for the selected aperture.
Automatic aperture adjustment: F90-Series/
N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/
N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
The aperture in use and an indicator bar are
automatically indicated in the SB-25’s LCD panel. With
other lenses, you must operate manually following
steps 8, 9 and 10.
To skip steps 8, 9 and 10, check whether subject
stands at the location suggested by the LCD’s measurement scale. If not, change the aperture by turning
the lens’ aperture ring to adjust the bar.
Finally, perform “minus” exposure compensation* to
prevent overexposure of overlapping images—use the
aperture ring to choose another aperture one or two
stops smaller than indicated above.
* The aperture indicated by the LCD provides a correct exposure with the
very first flash, whereas overlapped images are illuminated from the
second flash on. It is advisable to take a few additional shots at different apertures (exposure bracketing).
If necessary, press or button to reset the indi-
9
cator bar so it points at the measurement scale
that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject
distance (can be read this from the lens barrel).
Manipulating the indication bar causes aperture value in the
LCD panel to change.
Reset aperture value on the camera.
10
Use an aperture one or two stops smaller than the LCD
panel indicates. This will prevent overexposure for overlapping images (“minus” exposure compensation).*
* Subject will be correctly exposed with the very first flash, but successive over-
lapping images (form the second flash on) will not be properly exposed, unless
you perform minus exposure compensation as indicated in steps 9 and 10. We
recommend you take a few additional shots at different apertures (exposure
bracketing).
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly
11
press the shutter release button to confirm that subject is in focus.
Check that ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder or
on the SB-25 .
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
12
Background brightness and subject overlap
Use as dark a background material as possible (e.g.,
black curtain or cloth). If the overlapping exposed
images are too weak or too strong, try repositioning
subject at the location suggested by the indicator bar
(or adjust indicator bar).
Conditions vary for each situation — try experiment-
Unlike other Nikon SLR models the F90-Series/N90 camera
and the SB-25 allow you to use faster shutter speeds up to
1/4000 sec. for flash synchronization.
Ordinarily the flash fires only when the curtains are fully
opened in regular flash syncs. With FP High-Speed Sync
Flash, the flash consecutively emits light at an extremely
rapid cycle, while the shutter curtains travel to expose the
entire film surface — but the curtains are never fully opened
(i.e. exposure with a “slit”).
By using a high-speed shutter and flash simultaneously,
you can create light flow from a rapidly moving subject.
In outdoor photography, it also enables you to use both a
wider aperture and a faster shutter speed to achieve a shallower depth of field and purposely blur the subject’s background.
Note that a guide number for FP High-Speed Sync Flash
varies with the selected shutter speed and it is smaller than
for regular flash synchronization (i.e. smaller light output).
Furthermore, we recommend you use shutter speeds
between 1/250 and 1/4000 sec. to avoid uneven exposure.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANU-
AL FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
Set Up and Practice
2 Flash sync mode
selector at NORMAL
3 ISO
speed of
film in use
4 Zoom-head
position
1 Flash mode selector
at Manual Flash
10 Aperture value
5 For select-
and
ing
or
either
Chapter
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
appears in the LCD panel.
Choose position (flash sync mode selec-
2
tor)*.
* FP High-Speed Sync Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash
sync mode selector setting; for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.
Confirm ISO film speed has been set and appears in
3
the SB-25’s LCD panel.
ISO speed of film in use is automatically set; if not shown in
the LCD panel, lightly press the camera’s shutter release
button.
Confirm the zoom-head position has been set and
4
appears in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
The zoom-head position is automatically set and indicated
in the SB-25’s LCD panel when the camera is used with an
AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or a Nikkor lens
having a built-in CPU.
Or, set manually according to the shooting situation (see
page 29).
DO NOT USE THE WIDE FLASH PANEL (zoom head at the
20mm position). When used, , and blink in the
LCD panel as an alert.
4
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Press button until appears in the LCD panel,
5
and confirm or appears in the light amount indicator
while LCD indication changes: - - - -
- - - - - -.
Next, choose either for FP1 flash operation or for FP2.
Detaching the SB-25
When you take off the Speedlight from the F90Series/N90 to use it with another camera, be sure to cancel FP flash operation by pressing the button: confirm disappears from the LCD panel. If it is removed
with FP setting, blinks a warning. The SB-25 will not
function normally with the FP setting when mounted to
any model other than the F90-Series/N90.
Choose a shutter speed* from 1/250 to 1/4000 sec. on
6
the camera
* Although any shutter speed can be used, an uneven exposure may result with
speeds outside this range.
Set your desired aperture on the camera.
7
Focus on the subject.
8
Look into camera viewfinder and compose shot while lightly
pressing the shutter release button.
Confirm aperture and shutter speed in the camera’s
9
viewfinder.
Check whether subject is focused by using the in-focus
indicator I.
Shifting to other mode
Shutter speed is automatically locked at 1/250 sec., if
you have set a shutter speed at 1/250 sec. or faster, then
you perform one of the following:
a. Switch exposure mode to programmed auto on the
camera, or
b. Change from FP High-Speed Sync to another flash
operation on the Speedlight.
Set the aperture value (from step 7) in the SB-25’s
10
LCD panel.
See “Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment),” pages
28 to 29.
The aperture value is automatically set and indicated in the
SB-25’s LCD panel when the camera is used with an AF
Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or a Nikkor lens
having a built-in CPU.
An indicator bar appears to show the appropriate
shooting distance.
Chapter
FP High-Speed Sync Flash
In a bright scene
After you have adjusted the camera/flash-to-subject
distance (with subject standing at the location represented by indication bar ), readjust indicator bar
(from step 11) to the left by one or two steps so the
bar indicates a position closer than the actual subject
location.
Experience indicates that a small amount of under-
exposure may result in a more pleasing photograph.
To readjust the indicator bar, perform one or a com-
bination of the following adjustments:
1) Pressing button to switch from FP1 (
with ) to FP2.
2) Moving further from the subject.
3) Choose a different number for the zoom-head
position (wider angle of coverage).
We recommend that you not manipulate shutter
speed and aperture on the camera.
4
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Confirm subject is at the distance shown by the
11
indicator bar in the SB-25’s LCD panel (from
step 10).
To determine the subject-to-camera distance, read the distance scale on the lens barrel.
If the bar location matches the subject-to-camera distance
from steps 10 and 11, the subject will be correctly exposed
with the selected aperture, shutter speed, and light output
amount.
If the subject-to-camera distance does not match the appropriate shooting distance, readjust the indicator bars by:
a. Pressing button to switch from FP1 (with )
to FP2, or vice versa. The bar location then
moves to show an alternate shooting distance.
b. Moving closer to or further from the subject.
c. Choose a different number for the zoom-head posi-
tion (altering guide number).
Look into camera’s viewfinder again, then compose
12
and lightly press the shutter release button to check
that the ready-light is on in the camera’s viewfinder .
Ready-light also appears on the SB-25 .
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
13
Guide number in FP High-Speed Sync Flash
The “guide number” helps you determine an exact flashshooting (flash-to-subject) distance for the selected aperture (f/stop number). FP guide numbers vary with the ISO
film speed in use, shutter speed and zoom-head position.
Use the equation below for your calculations, and check
the following chart for guide numbers. This same equation
can be applied to determine an appropriate aperture once
the distance is known.
[flash-shooting distance] =
For example, in FP1 operation with an aperture of f/4, a
shutter speed of 1/500 sec., a zoom-head position of 35mm
and a film speed of ISO 100, the chart recommends a guide
number of 12 (or 39 for feet):
If measuring in meters;
[flash-shooting distance] =12= 3
if measuring in feet;
[flash-shooting distance] =39= 9.75
Next, adjust subject and flash/camera location for 3 meters,
or 9.75 feet, to obtain correct exposure in FP1 flash operation.
For film speeds other than ISO 100, multiply the above figures by the factors shown in the following chart.
If the film speed in the previous example had been ISO
400 rather than ISO 100:
[flash-shooting distance] =12x 2 = 3 x 2 = 6
if measuring in feet;
[flash-shooting distance] =39x 2 = 9.75 x 2 =19.5
You should have obtained 6 meters, or 19.5 feet, for correct
exposure.
Adjustment factors for other ISO film speeds
ISO film speed
Factor
2550100200400800 1600
x 0.5 x 0.7 x 1x 1.4x 2x 2.8 x 4
4
4
4
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Chapter
4
Red-Eye Reduction Control —
For Better Flash Portraits
Light from the camera’s flash reflects off the interior of the
eye through the wide-open pupil and back into the camera’s lens. The result is a portrait with the subject’s eyes
bright red, a phenomenon known as “red-eye” effect.
When used with the F90-Series/N90 camera, the SB-25
fires three pre-flash consecutively before the main flash to
reduce the appearance of red eyes.
Red-eye effect can also be affected by the angle at which
light flash on the subject and is reflected back to the lens.
For further details on “red eye,” see page 134.
• Set Red-Eye Reduction Control on the camera.
Confirm appears in the SB-25’s LCD panel.
• Red-Eye Reduction Control can not be used in Repeating
Flash mode.
• Rear-Curtain Sync Flash cannot be performed.
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash —
For Natural Light Flows
When used with the F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/
N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006 and F-601
the SB-25 lets you synchronize the flash to the instant
before the rear (second) curtain begins to close. This turns
available light into a stream of light that follows the moving,
flash-illuminated subject.
Rear-curtain sync flash photography is most effective
with slower shutter speeds. You can slow the shutter down
to 30 sec., depending on the background situation.
• Choose position (flash mode selector).
With the F-601/N6006 and F-601M
select REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH on the camera. This
sync flash then operates regardless of the SB-25’s sync
mode setting, either
With the F90-Series/N90, although it is possible to select
REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH on the camera, the
SB-25’s sync mode setting will override what is set on the
camera.
• With the F90-Series/N90, F-601/N6006 and F-601M/
N6000 used in programmed auto or aperture-priority auto
exposure mode, the camera automatically controls the
shutter speed down to as slow as 30 sec.
• In the following cases Rear-Curtain Sync Flash cannot be
performed:
1) When using Vari-Program or Red-Eye Reduction
Control with an F90-Series/N90 camera.
2) When performing multiple flash photography with an
F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/ N8008 or F-801s/
N8008s.
3) When shutter speed dial is set at “T” with an F4Series camera.
• Use a tripod to minimize camera shake.
, Non-TTL Auto or Manual Flash
/N6000, you must
or position.
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Flash Exposure Compensation — To Make Flash-Illuminated Subject Lighter or Darker
The SB-25 allows you to manually adjust the amount of
flash light in a range from –3 to +1 EV. This feature is particularly useful for “balanced” fill-flash where flash illumination
is sufficient to brighten the subject to almost the brightness
of the background.
Sometimes, you may want to use a little more or less
flash to make the subject a little brighter or not quite so
bright. Your choice may be based on desired aesthetic
qualities, or may be forced by extremes in lighting.
Generally speaking, you don’t want to make the subject
too bright; you just want to brighten shadows. To achieve a
subtle fill-flash effect, you may want to use some manually
selected “minus” compensation.
However, when the background is extremely bright, and
the subject is in deep shadows, you will probably want to
use some “plus” compensation.
Although the SB-25 is quite powerful, when using it for
fill-flash, it is competing with the sun’s brightness — very
strong competition.
With Standard TTL Flash you can manually compensate
exposure by adjusting the flash output level.
You can also adjust flash output level for Matrix Balanced
Fill-Flash, Center-Weighted Fill-Flash or Spot Fill-Flash, in
combination with the computer’s automatic compensation.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANU-
AL FOCUS (M).
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE.
Set Up and Practice
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm
1
This feature is available only in TTL Auto Flash mode.
Make settings on the camera to control the SB-25’s
flash exposure compensation; the SB-25 will works as
set on the camera. The SB-25’s control buttons and
LCD panel cannot be used for setting.
M/N6000 users
Confirm the indicator appears and (zero exposure
compensation value) blinks in the LCD panel.
Press buttons for value adjustment.
3
Adjustment can be made while the value indicator is
blinking.
Simultaneously, the shooting indicator bars change.
Chapter
Press the button again to complete setting.
4
The the value indicator will automatically stop blinking in
eight seconds unless you press the button. In this
case, the last figure indicated will be set in the SB-25.
The exposure compensation value remains in the LCD
panel.
To cancel, readjust compensation value to 0 (steps 1
5
and 2), then press button or leave it more than
eight seconds so the indication disappears.
Exposure compensation on the camera
You can make additional compensation for background by using the camera’s exposure compensation
dial.
For example, with compensation of –2 on the SB-25
and –1 on the camera body, the total compensated
value for flash output level is –3, and the compensated
value for the background will be –1.
Note that the SB-25’ s LCD panel shows only the
compensated value of the SB-25.
For further information, see “Exposure
Compensation with Camera’s Dial — To Make
Background Lighter or Darker,” pages 108 and 109.
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Exposure Compensation with Camera’s Dial — To Make Background Lighter or Darker
Some camera models include an EV compensation control.
Using this control you can modify the exposure to make
your picture lighter or darker.
To make the picture lighter, use “+” compensation. For
darker pictures use “–” compensation. How much compensation you choose depends on how much you want to modify the resulting picture.
Since the shooting distance range for TTL Auto Flash
varies with the amount of exposure compensation, make
sure your subject falls within the range before shooting.
You can use the LCD panel for confirmation by altering
the ISO film speed value and observing changes of distance
indicator bars .
Hints and Notes
Chapter
Flash exposure compensation
Additional compensation for the subject can be made
by using flash exposure compensation control.
For further information, see “Flash Exposure
Compensation — To Make Flash-Illuminated Subject
Lighter or Darker,” pages 106 and 107.
• First, make necessary exposure compensation on the
camera.
Then, use the chart on the next page, “Assumed ISO film
speeds,” to set an assumed ISO film speed in the SB-25’s
LCD panel that corresponds to the actual ISO film speed
in use. See “Setting Aperture Values (Manual
Adjustment),” pages 28 and 29.
• For TTL Auto Flash, be sure the substituted film speed
falls within the range of “usable films” that ensure correct
exposure with your camera.
• Confirm whether subject is within the range shown by the
shooting distance indicator bars .
If not, make necessary adjustments; move farther or closer.
Push the button for a test firing when you are not sure
whether the subject is within the flash shooting range.
For test firing, Non-TTL Auto Flash mode is used
because reflected flash light from subject is measured by
the light sensor on the front of the SB-25 rather than
through the lens (TTL) on the camera. The results, however,
can be used for TTL-auto flash.
• Set the SB-25 and your camera in the same manner indicated in “Non-TTL Auto Flash Mode,” pages 80 and 83.
• After confirming that the ready-light is on, push the openflash button and check that the ready-light remains on.
If the ready-light blinks, light may be insufficient at the
aperture selected. If so, move closer to the subject or
select a wider aperture.
Built-In Wide Flash Adapter —
For Shorter Focal-Length Lenses
The SB-25 comes with a wide flash adapter to cover the full
range of short focal length lenses.
For focal lengths shorter than 24mm, consider using the
wide flash adapter to achieve expanded coverage.
When you use the wide flash adapter, the zoom head is
automatically adjusted and the LCD panel shows
with indication.
While the adapter is used, the automatic zoom-head
position adjustment does not function for F90-Series/N90,
F4-Series, F-801/N8008 or F-801s/N8008s cameras, even
when used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest DType) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU.
A.To mount the wide-flash adapter, slide out the adapter
(the diffuser card comes out with it).
B.Close only the adapter to cover the head.
C.Slide the diffuser back to its original position.
• To remove, uncover the adapter and slide back to its origi-
nal position.
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Zoom-Lock Capability — To Fix Zoom-Head Position
A predetermined zoom-head position is useful when you
wish to use an AF Nikkor lens or a Nikkor lens having a
built-in CPU interchangeably with another type. It also provides flexibility when using lenses of different focal lengths
in rapid succession.
Set Up and Practice
Trouble With Wide Flash Adapter
In certain situations, the zoom head
may lock at the 20mm position
(adapter does not return to original
position). If this happens, perform following operation.
Although the adjusted zoom-head
position and/or indication will blink if
the wide flash adapter is stored in its
original place, this does not affect normal flash operation.
position. This position remains locked as long as the
indication continues blinking.
To unlock, press the same buttons simultaneously for a
3
few seconds until the indication stops blinking or
totally disappears.
Press and buttons
1
simultaneously for a few seconds
until the previously set number and the
indication start blinking.
Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F90-
Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/
N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
Press only button to set your
2
desired zoom-head position.
To resume automatic adjustment with
certain camera/lens combinations (see
page 30), press button until the
indication above disappears.
The SB-25 automatically adjusts the zoom-head position
to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal
length of the lens in use. For details, see page 30.
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AF Assist LED — Autofocus Flash Photography in Dim Light
The SB-25’s AF assist LED enables you to perform autofocus flash photography in dim light or even total darkness
with some Nikon AF cameras.
When ambient light is insufficient for autofocus operation,
the AF illuminator automatically turns on to start operation
and give contrast to a dark subject, allowing the camera’s
autofocus system to function as though it were daytime.
If ambient light is sufficient, the AF illuminator does not
light up.
Before proceeding:
✗ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA.
✗TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
✗USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A)
✗USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE
MODE
Hints and Notes
• Check that the SB-25’s ready-light has come on.
• Lightly press the camera’s shutter release button to acti-
vates the AF illuminator LED. Do not use autofocus lock
function.
• In Rear-Curtain Sync Flash with the F-601/N6006, a light
pattern from the AF assist LED sometimes affects the picture. To prevent this, confirm that the LED light pattern
has disappeared before shooting.
• Usable autofocus lenses are:
With Nikon F-501/N2020: AF Nikkor lenses from 35mm to
105mm (including the latest D-Type)
With other cameras: AF Nikkor lenses from 24mm to
105mm (including the latest D-Type)
Chapter
Notes on AF assist LED
Autofocus distance range with AF assist LED depends
on the lens in use and subject’s reflection ratio.
For example, with an AF Nikkor 50mm f/1.8 lens
(including the latest D-Type lens) and a subject having
35% reflection ratio, you can perform autofocus from
approx. 1m (3.3 ft.) to approx. 8m (16.4 ft.), at 20˚C
(68˚F).
If the ready-light does not stay on after the AF assist
LED activates, replace batteries.
• Confirm whether in-focus indicator LED I in the camera’s
viewfinder appears.
If the in-focus indication does not appear inside the
viewfinder, the subject is beyond the autofocus distance
range (see at right “Notes of AF assist LED”); focus manually on the clear matte field.
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Power Switch Standby (STBY) Position — To Conserve Energy and Shorten Recycling Time
Setting the power switch to STBY position turns on the
SB-25, but the SB-25 will also automatically shut off to conserve flash battery energy.
When you will not use the SB-25 for a long time, howev-
er, it is recommended to set the power switch to OFF.
• With the SB-25’s power switch on standby (STBY) position, the unit turns off to conserve energy approx. 80 sec.
after the camera’s meter has turned off.
• To turn the SB-25 on again, lightly press the shutter
release button to turn the camera’s meter on, or push the
SB-25’s open-flash button .
• When using a remote cord with the FA or FE2 connected
to Nikon Motor Drive MD-12, camera remains on as long
as the MD-12’s power switch is on. In this case, the SB-25
will not turn off in STBY position.
Use OFF position to turn it off manually.
• You cannot use the STBY position to turn on the SB-25
when using it with an FA, FE2 or FG set on a mechanical
shutter setting (M250 or B setting with the FA or FE2, M90
or B setting with FG or Nikonos V).
Use ON position to turn it on manually.
Chapter
4
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Chapter
4
Guide Number —
To Calculate a Proper Aperture
The “guide number” helps you determine a correct aperture
or f/stop value for using the SB-25’s Manual Flash and
Repeating-Flash mode. (See “Guide number” chart, page
139.)
Use the following equation for your calculations, and
check the following chart for guide numbers at various film
speeds.
[f/stop] =
For example, when shooting a subject located 9 m
(approx. 30 ft.) away at 1/1 (full) light output in (Manual
Flash) mode, with a zoom-head position of 35mm and a film
speed of ISO 100, you will obtain a guide number of 36 (or
You should then choose f/4 as the proper aperture.
For films other than ISO 100, multiply the above figures
by the factors shown in the following chart:
Adjustment factors for other ISO film speeds
ISO film speed
Factor
If the film speed in the above example was ISO 400 rather
than ISO 100:
[f/stop] =36x 2 = 4 x 2 = 8
Or, if measuring in feet;
[f/stop] =
You should then choose f/8 as the proper aperture.
9
118
= 3.93 ≈ 4
30
2550100200400500 1600
x 0.5 x 0.71 x 1 x 1.4 x 2x 2.8 x 4
9
118
x 2 = 3.93 x 2 = 7.86 ≈ 8
30
Diffusing Light —
To Soften Harsh Shadows
With a subject in front of a wall, a direct flash causes harsh
and unattractive shadows. By bouncing the light off the ceiling or walls, or by diffusing the light with card(s) or paper,
you can soften harsh shadows and create attractive portraits.
The SB-25 comes with a built-in diffuser. You can use it
alone or with a combination of other reflecting surfaces for
advanced application.
There are a few ways to diffuse light:
1. Bounce light off a broad reflective surface such as
the ceiling.
2. Use both the ceiling and the built-in diffuser card to
create a catchlight for subject's eyes.
3. Use a diffuser between the flash and the subject.
2. Natural-appearing light
with a pleasing catchlight
in the eyes.
3. Use some translucent
material between the
flash unit and subject.
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Chapter
90˚90˚
75˚75˚
60˚60˚
45˚45˚
0˚0˚
7˚7˚
90˚
75˚
60˚
45˚
0˚
7˚
60˚
0˚
30˚
60˚
90˚
30˚
90˚
180˚
150˚
Diffusing Light
4
Tilting/Rotating flash head
• The SB-25’s flash head tilts and rotates as shown at right.
• The flash head locks at the front/horizontal and vertical
(90° upward) positions. To release, use the tilting or rotat-
ing lock release lever.
LCD panel
• The LCD panel cannot be used to compute flash shooting
distance when the flash head is tilted upward or rotated
away from the horizontal/front position. In these cases, the
shooting distance indicator bars do not appear in the
LCD panel.
• The shooting distance indicator bars blink when the flash
head is tilted downward to the -7° position. This position
is used to shoot a subject within 1.5m (approx. 5 ft.).
For F90-Series/N90 users
In bounce photography with the flash head tilted or
rotated, the SB-25 does not fire Monitor Preflash(es),
even for 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor
Balanced Fill-Flash operation.
Tilting: up to 90°— front — down to –7°
0˚
0˚
30
˚
˚
30
30
˚
˚
60
60
90˚
90˚
120
˚
150
150
˚
˚
30
˚
˚
60
60
˚
˚
90˚
90˚
180˚
180˚
Rotation: to right 90°— front — to left 180°
Built-in diffuser card for bounce flash photography
• Use the diffuser card to create a catchlight for the subject’s eyes, an effect that is not always available in bounce
flash photography.
• The diffuser can be used to provide supplemental light to
the face or front of the subject, thereby brightening shadows created by top-lighting or bounced flash from the
ceiling.
A
B
C
Mounting/Removing diffuser card
A.To mount the diffuser card, slide out the wide flash
adapter; the diffuser card comes out with it.
B.Slide the adapter back to its original position.
C.To remove, side the diffuser back to its original position.
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Chapter
Diffusing Light
4
Bounce Flash Photography
Bounce flash (above;
with ceiling): Soft,
natural-looking
lighting.
Direct flash (below):
Harsh, un-flattering
lighting
• Select a ceiling or wall to bounce the flash from.
• The built-in diffuser card can be effective for creating more
natural lighting with a catchlight for the eyes.
• Tilt the flash head 60° up (first click-stop) or more to avoid
uneven illumination.
• In color photography, only use bounce with white surfaces. Otherwise, color photographs will come out with an
unnatural color cast similar to that of the reflecting surface.
• Choose position (flash mode selector) for TTL Auto
Flash operation.
Use an aperture a few stops wider than you would use for
regular TTL Auto Flash operation.
For further instruction, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode
section relating to your camera type.
• Although the flash mode can be used for Non-TTL Auto
Flash, perform a test firing. If the ready-light blinks after
testing to indicate possible underexposure at the aperture
in use, use a wider aperture or reduce the bounce distance. Then, perform test firing again.
Using a Diffuser
• To diffuse light, place a translucent material, such as one
or more sheets of tracing paper between the flash and the
subject.
Avoid using delicate materials for the diffuser, and ensure
a sufficient distance between the flash head and diffuser
to avoid burns.
For optimum results, experiment with different flash-to-diffuser distances and with more than one diffuser
• In TTL Auto Flash operation, the SB-25 will automatically
compensate for the diffuser affect (reduced light amount)
in TTL Auto Flash mode.
For further instructions, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode
section relating to your camera type.
Note that the LCD panel cannot be used to compute flash
shooting distance in bounce photography.
• To protect the diffuser from burning, be sure it does not
come in direct contact with the flash head.
• Avoid reflection from the translucent material into the lens.
Bracketing your exposures
If possible, take additional shots with different apertures and/or exposure compensation techniques for
exposure bracketing. Bounce/diffuser techniques
reduce the maximum distance available for a given
aperture due to the extra distance required for the flash
light to travel, or amount of diffusion, or blockage.
Set the camera’s exposure compensation dial in the
+ or – direction (not possible with the F-401x/N5005,
F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s and FM2) for TTL Auto
Flash operation, or with the lens opened up one or two
f/stops for Non-TTL Auto Flash operation.
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Close-Up Flash Photography in TTL Auto Flash Mode — To Flash On A Very Close Subject
Optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24 lets you perform
TTL Auto Flash shooting on a subject closer than 0.6m (2 ft.).
Hints and Notes
• Connect the SB-25 to the camera, using the SC-17 or
SC-24*.
* Used for F4-Series with the DW-20 or DW-21 attached.
• Position the SB-25 so light from the head covers the subject.
• Mount the built-in flash adapter.
The zoom-head position is automatically adjusted.
Confirm the LCD panel shows with indication.
• Use aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode.
• Choose position (flash mode selector) for TTL Auto
Flash operation.
For further instruction, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode
section relating to your camera type.
For example, to shoot a subject located 0.5 m away with
an ISO 100 film and a wide-flash adapter:
[f/stop] ≥
You can then use an aperture of f/8 or smaller (a larger fnumber). As far as conditions allow, you should choose
the smallest aperture (as large an f-number) possible.
• With a very light- or dark-toned subject, take additional
shots with other exposure compensation conditions to
ensure a correct exposure.
See “Flash Exposure Compensation” on pages 106 and
107, and “Exposure Compensation with Camera’s Dial” on
pages 108 and 109.
0.5
4
= 8
Chapter
ISO film Speed and coefficient
ISO film speed100 or lower125 — 400500 or higher
Coefficient*4 (14)8 (26)11 (36)
* Numbers in parentheses ( ) represents coefficients for foot measurement
• Determine the aperture or f/stop value using the following
equation and chart, then set on the lens. The SB-25’s LCD
panel cannot be used to compute shooting distance.
[f/stop] ≥
[coefficient]
[flash-to-subject distance]
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Multiple Flash Photography — Using More Than One Speedlight
If you have another flash unit, you can
use it as a secondary light source for
multiple flash photography. When you
use only one flash unit in front of a
subject, harsh shadows may be produced or light may not reach the
background. Using more than one
flash unit helps you solve these problems.
Carefully consider the number of
flash units to use and their locations.
For better results, position each unit
so its light can brighten a shadow created by another.
See also “System Chart for TTL
Multiple Flash,” pages 130 and 131.
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash can be performed in multiple
flash photography only with the F-601/N6006 and
M/N6000 cameras.
F-601
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash cannot be performed in
multiple flash shooting with F90-Series/N90, F4Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s cameras.
Chapter
Caution
To avoid damage to flash units or incorrect operation, never mix Nikon Speedlights with flash units of
other manufacturers.
4
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Chapter
Multiple Flash Photography
4
TTL Multiple Flash Photography
• Use the TTL multiple flash terminal for connecting other
Speedlights via optional sync cords.
• You can use one Speedlight for the master flash unit and
up to four other units for slaves.
See the following chart to confirm available Speedlights
for master and slave use.
• Note the following when using an F90-Series/N90 camera
for TTL Auto Flash operation with multiple Speedlights:
a. Use the SB-25 as a slave flash unit whenever possi-
ble, or
b. When using the SB-25 as master, avoid Monitor
Preflashes* by (1) upward tilting or rotating the flash
head (the distance indicator bars disappear),
(2) using a lens other than AF Nikkor (including D-
type) or AI-P lenses to perform Center-Weighted or
Spot Fill-Flash, or (3) performing Standard TTL Flash.
* Because 3D Multi-Sensor and Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash take advan-
tage of the SB-25’s Monitor Preflash and the camera’s TTL Multi-Sensor, it is
difficult to manage such fill-flash operations for TTL Multiple Flash
Photography, especially when using the SB-25 as a master flash unit with
other slave flash unit(s). The Sensor system is designed to analyze Monitor
Preflash reflection from a single SB-25 (ideally, mounted on the camera) and to
control light output from that particular unit, but not from the other slave(s).
• Use optional Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 (1.5m) and/or
SC-19 (3m) to connect flash units via the SB-25’s TTL
multiple flash terminal. Remove the rubber cover to use.
• Use optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24* for use
with the SB-23, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20, SB-18 and/or
SB-15 as a master flash unit.
* Used for F4-Series with the DW-20 or DW-21 attached.
• Use optional TTL Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 for use with
the SB-22, SB-21, SB-20, SB-18 and or SB-15 as a slave
flash unit.
• Use optional TTL Remote Cord SC-23 for use with the
SB-140, SB-14 and/or SB-11.
• The SB-11/14/140 (even with SC-23) or SB-21 cannot be
used for TTL multiple flash photography with the F-401/
N4004 and F-401s/N4004s.
• Use the ON position to activate a slave flash unit; the
STBY does not function (SB-25, SB-24, SB-22 and
SB-20).
The SB-23 offers only OFF and TTL/STBY positions for
power switching. This means it cannot be used as a slave.
When a second shot cannot be taken (F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/
N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601M
/N6000, F-401x/
N5005, and F-501/N2020)
For multiple flash photography, if the electronic current
in the synchro circuit exceeds a certain level, you may
not be able to take a second shot after taking the first
shot.
Take care that the combined total of the coefficients
(numbers shown in parentheses below) for all
Speedlights used at any one time does not exceed 20
at 20°C (68°F), or 13 at 40°C (104°F).
If you are unable to take a second shot, disconnect
the master Speedlight from the camera, or turn each
of the Speedlights off once. This resets the circuits so
you can resume shooting.
Note: The SB-11, SB-14, SB-140 cannot
be used with the F-401/N4004 or F-401s/
N4004s either as a master or slave unit.
Slave
flash unit
Chapter
Multiple Flash Photography
Using SC-18 or SC-19, up to five flash
units can be used for multiple flash
photography, at a total length of 10m
(33 ft.).
4
F3-Series
F4-Series
F90-Series/N90
F-801/N8008,
F-801s/N8008s
F-301/N2000FAFE2FG
F-601/N6006,
F-601
V-Type Sync
Cord
M/N6000
Nikonos V
F-501/
N2020
F-401/N4004, F-401s/
N4004, F-401x/N5005
flash unit
Master
SC-18 (1.5m/4.9 ft.)
SC-19 (3m/9.8 ft.)
Precaution for SC-19/
SC-18 connection
Neither of these cords
should be used for connecting one camera/
Speedlight combination to
another.
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Accessories for TTL Multiple Flash
TTL Remote Cord SC-17
Use coiled cord SC-17 for TTL Auto Flash operation when
using the SB-25 off the Nikon F90-Series/N90, F4-Series
(with DP-20 or DA-20), F-801/ N8008, F-801s/N8008s,
F-601/N6006, F-601
N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s, FA,
FE2 and FG cameras.
The SC-17 provides automatic sync speed setting and
the same ready-light viewfinder indication as if the flash unit
were directly mounted on the camera.
The SC-17 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals
and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long.
TTL Remote Cord SC-24
Use SC-24, for TTL Auto Flash operation when using the
SB-25 off a Nikon F4-Series camera fitted either with a 6x
High-Magnification Finder DW-21 or Waist-Level Finder
DW-20.
The SC-24 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals
and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long.
M/N6000, F-401x/N5005, F-501/
Chapter
4
Multiple Flash Photography
TTL Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10
Use Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 when using more than three
units for TTL multiple flash operation.
The AS-10 comes with three multiple flash terminals and
one tripod socket. (Requires SC-18 or SC-19 for each flash
use.)
TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 and SC-19
To connect the flash unit for TTL multiple flash operation,
use Sync Cord SC-18 or SC-19.
The SC-18 is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long; the SC-19, 3m
(9.8 ft.) long.
AS-10
SC-19
Chapter 5
132
SC-17
SC-18
SC-24
Notes on Speedlight
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Chapter
2.5°≥θ
2.5°≤θ
5
“Red Eye”
“Red eye” is a common problem in flash photography.
Normally, flash pictures are taken when the surroundings
light is dim, and under such conditions the subject’s eye
pupils will be dilated (open very wide). Red-eye effect
occurs when light from the camera’s flash reflects off the
interior of the eye and back into the camera’s lens. The
wide-open pupil allows much light to enter, and as a result,
the center portions of a subject’s eyes can appear bright
red (white in a black and white picture). It is interesting to
note that the intensity of the red-eye effect varies among
individuals, and with two people in the same photograph,
one may have red-eye and the other may not.
The appearance of red-eye is also based on the angle at
which the light flash on the subject and is reflected back to
the camera’s lens. If the angle is 2 to 2.5 degrees or narrower, red-eye will occur. As you move closer to a subject, the
angle becomes wider, and the likelihood of red-eye effect
decreases. As you move farther from a subject, the angle
narrows and the incidence of red-eye increases. When you
get very far from a subject, the size of the eye in the picture
may become so small that red-eye is not apparent, but
when you switch to a lens with a longer focal length the redeye will become more apparent.
Angle of reflection vs. distance to subject
A narrow angle of reflection (θ: less than 2.5°) increases the
likelihood of red eye.
It is sometimes possible to reduce red-eye effect by moving closer
to the subject, or the right or left, thereby increasing the angle of
reflection.
Flash Sync Mode Selector vs. Position
The SB-25 is capable of synchronizing flash output with
shutter curtain movement, for either the front (first) curtain
or rear (second) curtain.
At position, the Speedlight synchronizes
flash output at the moment the front curtain has fully
opened (at the end of front curtain movement) but before
the rear curtain has started to travel. This is called “frontcurtain sync flash,” and is the most popular sync method in
flash photography.
At position, the unit synchronizes the flash to the
instant before the rear curtain starts to close (the end of film
exposure). Therefore, it is called “rear-curtain sync flash.”
The position can be chosen to create special
effects, and is most effective for freezing a moving subject
at the end of a light flow, especially in flash photography at
a slow shutter speed.
For F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/
N8008s Users:
• Front-curtain sync is performed at setting.
•“Rear-Curtain Sync” flash is performed at setting.
For F-601/N6006 and F-601M
• The sync mode, whether front- or rear-curtain, or slow or
not, must be set on the camera. The selection is executed
regardless of the SB-25’s selector position.
Therefore, we recommend you leave the selector switch
on the
For F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/
N4004, F-401s/ N4004s, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V, F3Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 Users:
• Front-curtain sync is performed at either or
setting. These models are not capable of rear-curtain sync.
Therefore, regardless of circumstances, we recommend
you leave the selector switch on position.
position in any circumstances.
/N6000 Users:
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Tips on Speedlight Care
Chapter
5
• To remove smudges, wipe with a silicon-treated or other soft, dry cloth.
Never use thinner, benzine or alcohol
— they might damage plastic parts.
• Never disassemble or repair the
Speedlight. If the SB-25 malfunctions, take it immediately to an
authorized Nikon dealer or service
center.
• Keep the SB-25 away from salt
water and out of the rain.
• Keep the SB-25 away from high temperatures, and do not store in a
damp place.
• When not using the SB-25, remove
batteries to avoid damage due to
battery leakage. If leakage occurs,
take the SB-25 to your nearest Nikon
dealer.
• When not using the SB-25, perform
the following once a month:
1. Install batteries, turn on the
SB-25.
2. Wait until the ready-light comes
on.
3. Fire flash a few times to refresh
the main capacitor and lengthen the unit’s life.
4. Turn off the SB-25, and remove
the batteries.
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Chapter
5
About Batteries
New batteries
Purchase the newest (freshest) batteries possible.
Temperature
Battery life ratings are based on operation at 20˚C (68˚F).
Especially at a lower temperature, battery life is shortened.
Keep spare batteries and if possible, use NiCd batteries.
Continuous use
Batteries are drained more quickly by continuous use than
by intermittent use.
Storage
Store batteries in a cool, dry place, below 20˚C (68˚F).
Battery brand
Do not mix battery brands or models, or new and old batteries.
Disposal
Do not dispose of batteries by burning, and never disassemble batteries.
NiCd batteries
Compared with regular batteries, NiCd batteries offer a
faster recycling time and greater efficiency at low temperatures.
Before charging NiCd batteries, thoroughly read the
instructions for the batteries and battery charger.
Batteries with a “+” terminal that exceeds 6mm (0.23”) in
diameter cannot be used.
DC Units SD-8/SD-7
Nikon DC Unit SD-8 or SD-7 can be used as an optional
external power source to enhance flash capacity and provide faster recycling time.
To use the DC Unit, connect its power cord SC-16 to the
SB-25’s external power terminal. Even when powered with
the DC Unit, the SB-25 still requires batteries inside the
flash unit. Do not remove the batteries.
In continuous shooting with the DC Unit, to prevent flash
head deterioration caused by heat, do not exceed the maximum number of flash listed below.
It is recommended to rest for more than 10 minutes after
firing near the maximum numbers.
Maximum consecutive firing
SB-25 Flash
mode
TTL Auto Flash
Non-TTL Auto
Flash
Manual Flash
Repeating Flash
15
1515
15 (at full or
1/2 power)
40 (at 1/4 power or
less)
1515
Maximum number of flash
SD-8
15
15 (at full or
1/2 power)
40 (at 1/4 power or
less)
SD-7
Specifications
All performance data are for normal-temperature operation
(20° C/68° F).
Electronic construction:
Automatic Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and
series circuitry.
Guide number (at ISO 100: for m/ft.):
Light
output
1/1 (full)
1/2
1/4
1/8
1/16
1/32
1/64
20mm 24mm 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 85mm
20/6630/9832/105
14/4621/6923/75
10/3315/4916/52
7/2310/3311/36
5/167.5/258/26
3.5/115.3/175.7/19
2.5/8.23.8/174/13
Angle of coverage:
Zoom-head position Horizontal coverage Vertical coverage
Seven settings — 20mm (with the built-in wide flash
adapter), 24mm, 28mm, 35mm, 50mm, 70mm, 85mm;
auto power zoom with the Nikon F90-Series/N90, F4Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s; manually set
with other cameras.
Bounce capability:
Flash head tilts down to –7° or up to 90° with click
stops; flash head rotates through an arc of 270°, 90°
clockwise and 180° counterclockwise with click stops;
at front and vertical positions, flash head can be locked
Power source:
Four 1.5 AA-type penlight alkaline-manganese, or 1.2V
NiCd batteries; optional Battery Pack SD-8 and SD-7
are available as an external power source.
Power switch:
Three positions are provided — OFF, STBY (standby)
and ON; at STBY position with Nikon F90-Series/N90,
F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006,
M/N6000, F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/
F-601
N2000, F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s, FA, FE2, FG,
Nikonos V, FM2 or FG-20, SB-25 turns off automatically
when flash unit is not used for approx. 80 seconds, and
turns on when camera is turned on.
Number of flash and recycling time at manual full light
output:
Batteries
AA-type alkaline-manganese
External power
source SD-7*
External power
source SD-8*
AA-type NiCd40 times5 sec.5—30 sec.
External power
source SD-7*
External power
source SD-8*
* With either alkaline-manganese or NiCd batteries installed in the SB-25.
**Data measured with fresh batteries.
Note: Data for light output at 1/1 (full), no use of AF assist LED and LCD panel
illuminator.
C-type
alkalinemanganese
AA-type
alkalinemanganese
C-type
NiCd
AA-type
NiCd
Number
of flash
(approx.)
100 times 7 sec.
200 times
300 times
400 times
100 times
200 times
250 times
140 times 1.6 sec.
100 times 1.6 sec.2—30 sec.
Minimum
recycling
time**
(approx.)
6 sec.
3 sec.
Recycl-
ing time
(approx.)
7—30 sec.
6 sec.
6—10 sec.
6—30 sec.
3—5 sec.
3—9 sec.
3—30 sec.
1.6—30
sec.
Flash exposure control:
Four flash modes are provided — TTL, A, M and
Repeating Flash
TTL mode :
Used with F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008,
F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601
M/N6000, F-401x/
N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004,
F-401s/N4004s, FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V.
Usable aperture range in TTL mode:
f/1.4 to f/22 (at ISO 100).
Shooting distance range in TTL mode:
0.6 — 20m (2 — 66 ft.).
A mode
:
For Non-TTL Auto Flash operation, light is measured via
light sensor in front of the flash unit.
Usable apertures in A mode:
f/2, f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8 and f/11 (at ISO 100)
Shooting distance range in A mode:
0.6 — 20m (2 — 66 ft.).
M mode :
For Manual Flash operation, light output amount can be
varied from 1/1 (full) to 1/64 output (total of 18 steps in
1/3 increments).
Flash sync mode selector:
position is used for front-curtain sync with
all the cameras listed in this manual.
position is used for Rear-Curtain Sync flash with
F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and
F-801s/N8008s.
Red-eye reduction control:
Preflashes are fired to reduce the likelihood of red-eye
effect when used with F90-Series/N90.
AF assist LED:
In insufficient light, automatically fires LED beam toward
subject when performing autofocus with Nikon F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s,
F-601/N6006, F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-401/
N4004 or F-401s/N4004s.
Ready-light/Open-flash button :
Indicates recharged battery power (ready-light). In TTL
Auto and Non-TTL Auto Flash mode, indicates possible
underexposure by blinking. In Non-TTL Auto Flash
mode, can be used as a test-firing button for lightamount detection. In Repeating Flash mode, can be
used as a test-firing button for preset strobo flashes.
Built-in diffuser card:
In bounce flash photography application, creates natural lighting for catchlight in subject’s eyes.
Mount pin:
Fixes F90-Series/N90 on the hot shoe.
LCD panel illuminator:
Activated with button. Illumination lasts approx.
eight seconds; same button turns illumination off.
Flash shooting distance scale:
Measurement systems can be switched between meters
and feet using the lever inside the battery chamber.
FP High-Speed Sync flash:
Available with the F90-Series/N90. Enables higher shutter speeds (1/250 sec. or faster) for flash synchronization.
Monitor Preflash:
Available with F90-Series/N90 cameras when used with
an AF Nikkor lens.
Other features:
External power source terminal, TTL multiple flash terminal and Sync/multiple flash terminal.
Dimensions (W x H x D):
Approx. 79 x 135 x 101mm (3.1 x 5.3 x 4.0 in.)
Weight (without batteries):
Approx. 380g (13.4 oz.)
Accessory provided:
Soft Case SS-24
Specifications and designs are subject to change without
notice.
141140
WWW.LENSINC.NET
Page 72
Usable Aperture/Flash Shooting Distance Ranges
In TTL Auto
:Programmed TTL Auto Flash with Nikon F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s.
:Non-TTL Auto Flash mode.
• Usable film speeds depend on the camera model used.
Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom setZoom set Zoom set Zoom set
at 20mmat 24mmat 28mmat 35mmat 50mmat 70mmat 85mm
Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom setZoom set Zoom set Zoom set
at 20mmat 24mmat 28mmat 35mmat 50mmat 70mmat 85mm
143142
WWW.LENSINC.NET
Page 73
No reproduction in any form of this
manual, in whole or in part (except for brief
quotation in critical articles or reviews),
may be made without written authorization
from NIKON CORPORATION.
N
NIKON CORPORATION
FUJI BLDG., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100, JAPAN
PHONE: 81-3-3214-5311 TELEX: NIKON J22601 FAX: 81-3-3201-5856
Printed in Japan 9&033-CO02 (S603)
WWW.LENSINC.NET
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