Nikon SB-16 User Manual

Nikon Speedlight

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

-NOMENCLATURE------------

Wide-Flash Adapter SW-7

Main flash head

® Main flash unit

(J)

Light sensor

®

nn.nn/~ln,oo'"

knob

2

Zoom scale

@Shooling mode indicator

@TTL

multiple flash terminal

LEO

s

3

CONTENTS-------------

NOMENCLATURE

ATTENTION!. ...

FOREWORD ...... .

BASIC

OPERATION .....................

CONTROLS

Flash Unit Couplers AS-8 and AS-9 ...........

Synchronization Speed Zoom Head

Shooting

TTL (through-the -lens automatic operation) .

A (non-TTL automatic operation) ...............

M (manual operation) ... . . .

MD (synchronization with motor drive) ... . . .

Exposure

Set the film speed . ........

Set the zoom setting knob

Determine the exposure ....

Exposure compensation

Ready-light

Warning functions .

Open-Flash Tilting/Rotating Secondary Flash Head Wide-Flash

TTL

Multiple

Sync/Multiple Flash Terminal . . .... .

. . . .

..

. .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.........

...........

IN

DETAIL .... .. ..

.......................

Mode Selector

Calculator

......

Button

Flash Head . .

Adapter

Flash Terminal .....

............ ...........

..................

....................

Dial. . ...............

............ ......

...............

................

....... .........

. .. . ..

.......

.................

..

. .....................

..........

SW-7

.......

.............

................

...

...............

. .. . .

. .

. . .

...........

..........

. .. .

.........

.......

. .

..........

.......

..

2rv 3

...

..

7rv19

20rv47

.....

23

rv

...

....

. .

.......

24rv

..

. . . .... 25 TTL Remote Cord SC-14 .

25rv

..

33rv35 36rv41

.

37~41

42rv43

.....

.. ..

. . 46

...

PHOTOGRAPHIC

. 5

6

20 21

. 22

24

23 23 23

24

35

24

32

. 44

45

. 47

47

Synchro-Sunlight Fill-In Flash

Photography

In

the manual mode . .

In

the TTL-automatic mode

In

the non-TTL automatic mode .

Synchronization with slow shutter speeds ......

Diffusing

Bo Using a diffuser

Multiple

TTL multiple flash photography ...... . .

Manual multiple flash

the

unce flash photography ... . . .

light

Flash Photography .

ACCESSORIES ..................

Sync Cords SC-10,

TTL Remote Cord SC-17 TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cords

SC-18 TTL Multi-Flash Flash Tripod Flash Unit Couplers AS-1, Soft

"RED TIPS OPTIMUM SPECIFICATIONS

and SC-19

Flash Unit Case

EyE" ......

ON

SPEEDlIGHT

BATTERY

Adaptor

....... ..

......................... ..

TECHNIQUES

..........................

............. .

. .. .

...

..........

photography

11,

..........................

Adaptor

CARE

...........

......

.......

and

15 ... .

..........

AS-10 ........

AS-11 ..................

4,

...

5,

.........

SS-16 ..................

......

PERFORMANCE .............. 68

.. .

........

. . . . . . . ....

............

.. ..

. ......

............

.......

.....

. . .... .

. .

.....

......

...............

...

........

..........

........

6, and 7 . ......

...

........... 63

.....

...

.......

............

48rv62 48rv53

. . .

...

.

..

...

52rv53 54rv57 54rv56

...

.

58rv62 59rv61

. 62

63rv65

..

....

. . 64

66rv67 69rv

50

51 51

57

63 63

64 64

64

65 65

70

4

ATTENTIONI--------------

The Nikon Speedlight S8-16 consists of two parts : the

main flash unit and the flash unit coupler having the mounting foot. Depending flash unit The

is

identified

S8-

16A

's Flash Unit Coupler mounting foot for the accessory shoe of Nikon camera, while the S8-168's Flash Unit Coupler AS-9 features a standard ISO-type mounting foot.

Flash

unit

·

F3

-series

FA

58-16A (with

AS-S)

58

-168

(wlthAS-9)

•

The

Nlkon N2020 and N2000 are sold exclusively in

"Motor

drive is not available for the Nikonos-V camera.

'''The

SB-16B

Magnification Finder

····The SB-

Hot.: For more detailed information about shooting modes, refer to page 23.

, FE2, F-501/N2020', F-

FG, FM F2-8eries Via AS-5 Nikonos-V F3-series

(except FA, FE2, F-

FG FM2, FG-20, EM , FE, FM

F2-se

ries·

Nlkonos-V Via

cannot

be

cannot

be

OW-4

16B

on

as

which type

the Speedlight S8-

Camera Mounting

2,

FG-20, EM, FE, FM

F3AF)'"

501/N2020'

H

•

used with the Nikon F3AF

attached.

mounted on the Nikon F2-series cameras with the Action Finder OA-l, Waist-Level Finder

301/N2000'

, F-301/N2000·.

is

attached , the

16A

or S8-168.

AS-B·

has a special

F3

series

Direct

,

Via AS-6

Via V:rype Sync Cord and AS-6

Via AS-4 or AS-7

Direct

Direct ViaAS-

1

V-Type

Sync Cord

U.S.A.

and Canadian markets.

or

other F3-series cameras with the AF Finder

As

shown

in

mounted

the table, the S8-16A and S8-168 can be

on

any type of Nikon camera either directly

or with the use of another Nikon Flash Unit Coupler.

Usable shooting modes, however, are limited according

to the combination of the flash unit and camera. Please

reconfirm that the flash unit you purchased

your camera, referring

TTL

to

the following table.

Usable shooting mode

A M

(automatic) (manual)

• • •

-

• • •

• •

•

is

suitable for

MD

•

.

..

• •

• • • •

-

• •

• • •

OX-I

, Action Finder OA-2, Waist-Level Finder OW-3

OW-lor

6X

Focusing Finder OW-2 attached.

•

.

..

or

6X

5

FOREWORD--------------------------

The Nikon Speedlight tronic flash unit, providing automatic through-the-Iens

(TTL) control of the flash exposure when used with Nikon cameras havi an

interchangeable mounting foot, the SBtached to the special acce ssory shoe of all Nikon series camera of the Nikon camera, or the V-type Sync light

is assured of just the accessory attachments Programmed

by

using the F-301/N2000 via the photography, the proper aperture correct exposure according to the film speed necessary to change the lens setting from the minimum aperture used for non-flash programmed shooti

Thanks to the incorporation of a front-mounted light

sensor, the

camer output control. a choice of two apertures. With a silicon-controlled rect fier and series circuitry, the energy when shooting subjects at close range ; thus cycling times are shorter and the number of flashes per battery set

ng

s,

FA,

measured through the picture-taking lens,

TIL

SB-16

as

for automatic, but not through-the-Iens, flash

In

is

greater.

SB-16

is

a direct -mounting elec-

TTL flash capability. Through the use of

16

can

be

as

well as the standard

FE2

, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000

Cord

for the

right

exposure

auto flash photography can be performed

SB-16

with the Nikon F-501/N2020 or

AS

-g.

is

also compatible with all other Nikon

the non -TTL automatic mode,

with a variety of

at

any aperture from

In

programmed

is

SB-16

ISO

-type shoe and

Nikonos-V.

Because

you

lenses

f/2

TIL

auto flash

automatically

in

use. It

ng.

you

is

able to conserve

to f/22.

set

is

have

at-

F3

FG

are

and

for

not

re

For truly creat Speedlight SB-16 h combinati zooming capability and a sma w

hi

ch faces straight ahead

eye

-

i-

-

sockets a Moreover, a speci synchroni fram

es

E

ve

n though the SB-16

should

presented mation, graphic Techniqu wi

ll payoff

ex

periences. To insure proper service, make sure the Nikon Warra Ca

rd

is enclos

ive

bounce

on

of tilting and rotating

nd provi

al

ze

with a motor-driven camera firing at 4

per second for shooting 8 pictures in series.

fa

miliarize you

in

the first section. For more detailed infor-

please refer

es.

later in years of rewarding photographic

ed

in the speedlight bo

flash photography, the Nikon

as

two separate fl

de a sma

MD setting allows the

is

extremely easy

rse

lf

with its "Basic Operation"

to

"Controls

" A few minutes wisely invested now

ash

main flash head with

ll

er secondary flas

to fill

in

the shadows

ll catchl

in

Detail" a

x.

igh

heads-a

t for t

he

SB-

to

use, you

nd "Photo-

h head

in

the eyes. 16 to

as

nt

y

6

BASIC

1

Set

the

• ®

on

the

to

the

OPEN

OPERATION------------

openl

closed

flash

position.

unit

knob

coupler

2

Attach

.

coupler

Position the flash unit and flash unit coupler, head sor

(J)

the same direction. Insert the positioning claw flash unit.

the

flash

to

the

flash

so

that the secondary flash

®

on

the flash unit and the sen-

on

the flash unit coupler face

® into the slot ®

unit

unit.

on

Then, while applying pressure to the open/closed knob, push the fl

unit coupler into the flash unit until

clicks into place.

Note: If batteries have already been installed

the battery chamber. make su

the

switch ® dental firing.

is

at the "off" position

re

the ON/O

to

ash

FF

avoid acci-

it

in

7

-BASIC

OPERATION-confinued----------

3 lock

.

Turn

"closed" position (indicated dot) make sure the flash unit and flash unit coupler fit tightly together.

8

the

flash

unit

coupler.

the open/clos

to

lock the flash unit coupler;

ed

knob

to

the

by

Note:

To

remove the flash unit coupler. set the

knob to the OPEN position. and while applying

a

press

ur

e to the kn

ob.

gently pull the coupler

4

Remove

.

Holder

Open sliding

off

.

and

remove the battery holder.

Note:

You moving however. can be ignored.

the

Battery

MS·5 @.

the battery chamber lid @

it

in

the direction of the arrow

may feel slight tension when re-

or

replacing the holder.

This

tension.

by

5

Load

the

batteries

.

the

holder.

Load four 1.5V AA-type penlight

alkaline-manganese cells or 1.

rechargeable NiCd batteries into the holder, making sure that the positive and negative match the diagram s

Notes :

1)

Use

of mended because their power is insufficient for operating the S8-

2)

Do not mix brands or types avoid mixing new and old batteries since proper performance will not be obtained.

(+

and

manganese batteries

16

into

-)

terminals

on

the holder.

is

not recom-

at full capacity.

of

batteries. Also,

2V

6.

Replace

First, make sure the power switch

@ of the flash unit

positi

on into the chamber, so that the slots at both sides of the holder are aligned with the guide rails inside the battery

chamber.

the

holder.

is

at the "off"

; then put the holder back

7.

Close

the

lid.

While applying pressure to the

battery holder with your finger, slide

as

far

as

it

the lid into place.

will go until

it

clicks

9

-BASIC

OPERATION-confinued----------

8

Attach

.

the

flash

camera's

unit

to

accessory

shoe.

Notes:

1)

If you are using an F3-series camera, make

sure that the ASAIISO film speed set on the camera before attaching the flash unit,

as the camera's ASAIISO dial cannot

be

changed

after

accessory shoe.

2) For the Nikonos-V camera, an optional Sync Cord is required. For details about flash unit attachment to the Nikonos-V, refer to the Sync Cord's instruction manual.

10

the flash is attached to the

is already

V-

Type

With the 5B·

ring

@ around the mounting foot @

counterclockwise until

foot

is

the

mounting foot onto accessory shoe (fig. 2). Finally, tighten ring

to prevent

dentally slipping off (fig.

With the 5B·

nut

@)

on terclockwise until limit (fig. foot forward into the shoe wil

l go (fig. 2). Finally, tighten locking nut to prevent the unit from accidentally slipping off (fig.

16A

, turn the locking

uncovered (fig. 1).

as

the

16B

the mounting foot ® coun-

1). Then

the

Then

the

camera's

far

as

it will

the

unit from acci-

3)

.

, turn the locking

it

reaches its upper

slide the mounting

as

far

3)

AS-8

slide

go

locking

as

the

.

's

it

11

-BASIC

9

Tilt

.

the

OPERATION-confinued----------

the

flash

head ® to

normal

shooting

position.

Tilt the flash head 90°, so that faces straight ahead,

12

10.

Set

ASAIISO

Turn

the ASA/ISO film speed

setting ring

calculator dial

it

index film loaded firm that the film speed set

on

Note: For

FE2,

FG speed range is from exposure compensation). With F-5011N2020 and F-3011N2ooo, the usable film speed range for TTL

operation is ASAIISO 25 to 1000,

@ around the exposure

@,

@

is

opposite the speed of the

in

your camera. Also con-

the camera.

TTL

operation with the F3-series, FA,

or

Nikonos-V cameras, the usable film

film

until the ASAIISO

is

ASA

IISO 25 to 400 (with no

speed.

properly

11

.

Set

the

zoom

head

(j])

•

Pu

ll

out or push head until the number indicated with an

orange background matches the focal length of the lens era, For lenses longer than 85mm, use

the 85mm sett lens, attach the Wide-Flash Adapter CD

with the zoom head set

prevent light falloff at the edges of

the picture,

than 24mm,

zoom head letter

Note: When the subiect is closer than 1 meter,

is

recommended that you use a

it which (e

,g. use the

do

not use lenses wider

In

is

set at

N,

is

one step less than the lens toea I length

35mm

setting with a

In

the zoom

on

your cam-

ing

, For a 24mm

at

Wl ,

To

the example, the

35

opposite the

loom

setting

50mm

lens),

12.

calculator

Turn center ting index letter

Note: the wide· flash adapter unit with the zoom head set at

the

Se k

t b

no

on

zooh m setting

t e

dial.

the

zoom

setting knob

on

the

dial until

@

is

opposite

as

you

selected

The

W,

setting on the dial is used when

is

attached to

exposure

at

the

zoom set-

the

same

in

step 11.

the

Wi

.

13.

Set

the

@

shutter

the camera.

The

proper shutter s

flash synchronization

the

era

is

listed

on

page 21.

For

example, set dial of F3-se to

A or set

selector

flash

Note: For camera, the camera's backup mechanical release lever cannot be used with the shutter speed dial set at T (time). FE2, FG speed TTL

of

TTL

or Nikonos-

!i.e.,

M250, M90 or B) cannot be used for

operation.

the

rie

s cameras or

the

shutter speed/mode

the

FG

to P or

operation with a Nikon F3·series

V,

a mechanical shutter

speed

peed

setting for

of

each cam-

shutter speed

the FE2

A.

With

the Nikon FA,

Steps

14

through

ed

into three sections according to the shooting mode selected. Section A is for TTL automatic operation (with

F3-series, F-301/N2000,

on

camera), section B is for non.:rTL

FA,

FE2,

FG,

automatic operation, and section C is for progammed TTL auto operation (with the F-501/N2020 or

F-301/N2000 camera set at a programmed exposure mede). For manual operation and synchronization with motor drive, see pages

23

and

17

are divid-

F-501/N2020,

or

Nikonos-V

24.

an

13

-BASIC

OPERATION-continued----------

-

A-14

Slide the mode selector to the right as on

mark for automatic through-the-Iens (TTL) flash exposure control.

With the F-501/N2020 or F-301/N2000

camera

posure/shooting mode selector to A or a manual setting.

14

Set

.

selector

far

as

it will go,

the selector

, set

the

S8·16's

(45)

so

is

opposite the square

the

mode

to

TTL

that the index

camera's

ex-

A-15.

Choose

from

calculator

Depending

is

subject se ture

al. You'll

di

(from coded tance scale

from the camera, you must

lect

an

by

referring to the calculator

112

lin

e @ above the white dis-

an

flstop

the

exposure

dial.

on

how far away your

appropriate working aper-

notice that each IIstop

to f/22) has its own color-

@ indicat

in

g the range

of distances For

example, if

SO 100

I

at N (35mm) and want

jects can select the automatic shooting range indicates between 1 26

ft.) away

at

which

you

are us

film with the zoom head s

up

to 4 meters

118, 114, 112.8

you

can shoot any subject

.4

and 8.0 meters

(13

to

ft.) away, or

can shoot.

ing

ASA

shoot sub-

you

112

.

At

f/4

(46

and

/

et

,

A-16

.

priate

must s lens to

fI

If

you decide

et

f/4 .

Set

the

lens

aperture

ring

to

the

appro·

stop.

to

shoot at f/4, then you

the aperture ring

on

8-14.

calculator

For non-TTL automatic operation,

the

the exposure calculator dial provides a choice of two f/stops. The blue and orange lines dial show the usable f/stop example, with ASAIISO can choose shooting ranges with the zoom setting

Choose from

an

the

exposure

dial.

@ at the bottom of the

f/8 or f/4. The auto

f/stop

100

film, you

at N (tor a meters meters

s.

Note:

For

TTL

automatic operation

regardless

select. With the zoom head set at

the closest distance

35mm

lens

),

are 0.6

(20

to

31

ft.) and 0.6 to 8

(20

to 26

ft)

, respectively.

The

closest shooting distance for non -

01

the film speed and aperture

is

o.8m

always 0.

12

.6

It

.!.

to

6m 12.0 It.!

you

T.

however,

15

4

-BASIC

B

-15

orange

OPERATION-continued----------

Set

the

mode

• @

to

the

blue

dot

for

automatic

operation.

If you select selector to the orange dot, corres ponding to f/4 lator dial.

1/4

, you must set the

on

the exposure calcu-

selector

or

B-16

priate

In the example,

Set

.

ring

f/stop.

the

to

1/4

lens

the

is

set

aperture

appro·

on

the len

C-14

F·501/N2020

s.

PHI, mode F·301/N2000

Fo

photography,

only.

Set

the

exposure

.

mode

selector

of

the

to P DUAL, P or

or

set

the

shooting

selector

r programmed TTL auto flash

of

the

to P or

use AI·S type lenses

PHI.

16

C-15.

S~t

,lens

to the

minimum aperture

(largest f·number),

C-16.

to TTL.

Set the 58·16'5 mode selector

I

• r I

(I

2 MD M

....

~

l

fffIl

I

For TTL operation

• •

I , , ) ( I {

Al

A2

MD

.o.

I I

For automatic

operation (A2)

Turn

on

17.

unit.

Slide the S8-16's ON/OFF switch to

right.

the up (green red operation).

Note: The LED may blink for a sh

the flash unit is turned

a malfunction.

Immediately,

A1

or A2 LED for automatic

the flash

LED

an LED will

for TTL operation, or

on.

This

does not indicate

ort

light

while aft

er

17

-BASIC

OPERATION-continued----------

18.

Wait

for

the

ready· light

@tocomeon.

As

soon

as

the flash ready-light built

into the back of the flash unit comes

on

, the 88the excepti if your camera has light inside the viewfinder, make sure that 16

is

Ni

kon FA, FE2, F-501/N2020, F-30 N2000, must first tu

iv

act

18

16

is

ready to fire. Wi

on

of the Nikon F2-serie

it

is l

it

up, indicating that the

an LED

ready-

88-

ready to fire. Note that with the

FG,

FG-20 or Nikonos-V, you

rn

on

the expo

sure

meter to

ate the finder ready-light.

Notes:

1)

With the 58-

If both ready·fights blink, make sure that:

a.

The fl The

b.

th

s,

11

within the usable range when the flash unit is

With the F-301IN2000, FG or Nikonos-V

If the camera's ready·light blinks, check to

see if:

a. A mechanical setting

T

b.

The within the usable range when the flash unit is

F

or

ready-light warning, refer to page

2)

If the ready·light does not come on, first make sure the batteries are properly installed. If they are, replace them with a fresh set.

16A

and F3·series cameras

ash unit

is

in

the T

-168 and

securely locked

TL

mode.

FA

, FE2, F-5011N2020,

TL

mode.

film speed setting on the camera

used

58

TL

mode.

film speed setting

used in the T

more detailed information about the

is

not used

on

the camera

in place.

37

.

19

Take

the

picture.

• When the shutter is tripped,

both the main a

is

fire as the picture

in

the

is

nd seconda

is

taken.

ry flashes

After

you

take the shot, watch the

ready-light inside the camera's view-

on

finder or the one a short while, tell you the flash unit ready to fire for the

Note: If the flash unit fired at its maximum

th

e ready-light blinks

output,

medialely following the shot

be

still may

the combination of shooting distance and

aperture setected. and use a wider aperture

move closer warning Nikon cameras having

(except F2-series cameras).

underexposure.

to

is also provided

the 88-16. After

it

will light up again to

is

recycled and

ne

xt shot.

as

a warning

to

indicate there

In

this case. check

the subject If necessary.

in

the viewfinder of all

a built-

in

ready-light

im

Thi

20.

Turn

off

the

flash

To

conserve battery power

between shooting sessions, slide the

power switch to the left.

-

or

s

unit.

19

-CONTROLS

AS-8

Flash

Unit

Couplers

IN

DETAIL------------

AS·S @ and

AS·9

The detachable lower part of the SB-16, called the Flash

Unit Coupler AS-8 or AS-9, houses the mounting foot, the shooting mode selector with shooting mode indication LEDs, the ready -lightlopen-flash button, the light sensor, the sync/multiple flash terminal

minal

@ for TTL multiple

The only difference AS

-9

is

foot

the type of mounting foot. The AS-8's mounting

is

specially designed for use with Nikon F3-series

camera, while the

ing

foot.

fla

in

appearance between the AS-8

AS

-9

has a standard ISO-type mount-

The flash unit with the AS-8 attached Speedlight

as

the Speedlight SB-16B. The SB-16A and SB-16B can

SB

-16A, whereas the flash unit with the AS-9

sh.

@,

and the special ter-

is

identified as the

be mounted on almost any type of Nikon camera * either directly or with the use of another Nikon Flash Unit

20

®

Coupl

er. The TTL automatic shooting mod

ailabl

e only when the SB-16A is used with a Nikon F3-

av series camera or when the SB-16B is

Ni

kon FA,

FE2

, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000,

V (via

V.:rype

Sync Cord). For more detailed informatin about

flash unit/camera combination

and

*Even with use

be used with

OA-2,

Note: 8e careful not to soif

or

the contacts ® on the main

tion and possible malfunction.

of

the Flash Unit Coupler AS-4

F3

-series cameras with the

Waist-Level Finder OW-3

e,

however , is

used with either the

FG

or Nikonos-

s,

refer to t

or

6X

Magnification Finder OW-4.

or

damage the contact pins

fla

sh unit as this may cause poor connec-

he

table on page 5.

or

AS-7, the S8-168 cannot

AF

Finder OX-I, Action Finder

@on

the coupler

Synchronization Speed

In

flash photography, the shutter speed with which elec-

tronic

fl

ash will synchronize depends on the camera in

use.

Th

variou s cameras. As shown

e table shows the usable shutter speeds with

· 7

sec

cord)

SynchronlzaUon

1160

1

'/250

1

.

1/

.

1/200

1 1125

111

1190

1/90

sp

•• d (a.c

or

s

lower

1250

or

slower

or

slower

/12Sorslower

250

or

slower

or

slowe

or slow

25

or

slower

or

sl

or slower

or

s

lower

Is

ower

higher

Hlko"

cam.r.

F3-ssrles

(via

AS

·4

or

AS

co

upler)

FA

FE.

FE·'

FM2 (wilh

1/250

sync speed)

" ·

FM2

(w i

th

1/200

sync

speed)

' •

F·

50"N2020

F-301

fN200Q

FG

FG-20

Nlk

onos

-V

(via V-l'fpe

Sync

-Au

tomatic sync speed setting only occurs

- •

When

the shutter speed dial setting

.)

r

er

when

than

in

the table, automatic

A"

1120oo

- I, ,

259

e

S8C

.,

X,

P,

S

and A modes

/500

1

sec

.

and 8 In

"4000

- 1

/500

sec

.

and

B

, B

1

sec"

L,

P, PHI"

/2000

-

11250

sec, and

I,

p"

/2000 1/25

sec

.

1/

1000

1

- 1

sec

.

and

B

1~

.111000

-1/125sec

1

sec

.,

M90

1I1000-1/125sec

sec

and

B

Is

mounted

sync

speed,

8C'

Band

settings

sec

.

In M mode

p.

S, A

sec

B

, B

sec"

B

0

sec

and

B

/125

and

.

In

the

the camera

1/80

All shutler speed

In

114000 - 1

11250

M

250

A,

1

/250-B

M250

AUlO"

1/125-8

1

/250-

11125-1, X200

P

DUA

A , 1

11125-1

PH

A, 1

11125-1

A,

P,

1

/60

MOO

A.

1

/60-

A.

1

/60 -1/30

MOO

the $8-16

flash

T

'

In M mode

and M mod

,"

"

sec

..

"

B

.

camera's

except M250

"

hOi

's

ready·llght blinks

es

shoe

sync speed setting FE

V cameras.

Actual

sp

and

B

and turned

on

; It

as

a warning.

is

available with Nikon F3-series, FA, FE2,

, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, FG,

••

as

1 1/250

as

1

as as

1/ 1 1/

as set

111

1/125

as

as as

as set

does

d (

1/80

/250

1/90

shutt.r

set

sel

set set

25

125

25

set

••

c .)

not occur

80

Mao

LCD

LCD LCD

No

125 125

LED lor lIash t

25

12

5

LED lor Hash lWo LEO lor manually No i

LED LEO No

when

the

shows manual sh

ows

250

s

how

s

M2

50

shows manuall

ind

ication

lights up ligh

ts

up

and

manually-set shulter

shutter

speed lights up lights

up

and

manually-sel shuller

shutter speed

LEOs

representing

ndicaU

on

or

proper

non-flash shutler speed

tor

proper

non-llash

indicatio

n

S8-16

is

turned of( or

Viewfinder

shutt.r

-set shutter speed; no

v-set

shutter

LEO

lor

proper

speed lights up,

blinks; no

indication

LED lor

proper

speed lights up.

blinks; no

indication

1

/90

se

shutter

c.

speed

-set shutter

when

FG-20, EM

ap

•• d Indlcallon

indication

speed

non-llash

shuller

81

non-flash

shutler

8t B

light

up

lights up

blink

speed

bUnks

sync

cord

Is

and Nikonos-

at B

or

speed

blink

and

LEO

lo r proper

B

speed

blink

and

LEO lor

prop

s

used

for off-camefa operation.

(

sec)

T

s

non

-

s

er

non-

21

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAll-continued-------

- -

ZoomHead @

The 88·16's various angles of coverage as shown The

number with you can use a lens with the same or a longer focal length at

that setting. However, please remember that the lower the numbered setting, the smaller the guide number and the narrower the automatic shooting range number and automatic shooting range for each zoom

setting

the zoom head, simply pull desired number appears with behind

Notes:

1)

With

a setting with a one·stop smaller number than the focal length

lens in use to reduce the amount

2)

With

22

zoom head has four settings which provide

in

the table.

an

orange background indicates that

is.

(The guide

is

shown

in

the table

on

pages

it

out or push

an

31

and 32.).

it

in

until your

To

set

orange background

it.

subjects closer than 1 meter, it is recommended that you select

of

light

at

the wide· flash adapter attached, you can

such close distances.

usea

24mm lens.

of

the

Zoom head sett ing

T········85

$·

· .. ··50

..

··35

N W,·28 W, (with wide· flash

adapter)

Usable lens

85mm or longer 23° 50

mm

or longer 34° 46° 35mm or longer 45° 60° 28mm or longer 53°

24

mm

or

long

Angle of coverage

Ve

rtical

er

60°

Horizontal

31°

70° 78°

Shooting

The

shooting mode selector five click-stop settings. Directly above the selector (reading

from left to right), there are the blue and orange dots for non-TTL automatic operation, two white dots middle indicating

operation respectively, and a white square at the far right which

As

soon LEOs selector lights Usable shoot the type of the flash unit and camera are

page

TTL (through-the-Iens automatic operation)

This mode provides automatic through-the-Iens (TTL)

Mode

Selector

on

MD

(Motor Drive) and M (Manual)

is

for TTL operation. as

the

SB-16

is

tu

(green for TTL and red for

up

to indicate the setting selected.

ing

modes depending

5.

rned on, one of the appropriate

@l

the back of the

all

the rest) above the

on

the combination of

SB-16

in

as listed

has

the

on

control of the flash exposure

at

any aperture from

fl2

to

fl22 to match the camera-to-subject distance: the farther

away the subject, the more light emitted

unit; the closer the subject, the less light given off.

is

Because the exposure

exposure compensation

bounce-flash operation or even with a teleconverter or filter attached to the lens.

is

This setting tion with F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000.

A (non-TTL automatic operation)

In

the non-TTL automatic (A) mode, the light output of the flash varies automatically to match the distance, but instead of the light being measured through the lens, SB-16. two working apertures indicated orange exposure calculator dial.

M (manual operation)

At

the light output regardless of the flash-to-subject distance. When when the brightne

ngl

stro exposure should be determined with the exposure calcu

lator dial or with the guide number equation found

page 30.

also used for programmed TTL auto opera-

it

is

read

At

any film speed setting, you have a choice of

A2

aperture indicator lines

manua~

~M)

it

is difficult to obtain correct exposure

y, u

se

the SB-

measured through the len

is

required

by

the light sensor

se

tting, the

ss

of the background affects exposure 16

on

manual.

in

by

on

SB-16

In

by

the flash

off-camera and/or

fla

sh-to-subject

on

the front of the

the blue A 1 and the bottom of the

fires

at

its maximum

on

auto, I.e ,

the manual mode,

s,

no

on

23

-CONTROLS

MD (synchronization with motor drive)

At

the motor drive (MD) setting, the S8

recycle fast enough

camera firing continuously

It

is

possible

succession

flash head fires sixteenth that of the flash unit's maxi the M setting, therefore, the exposure should

using the exposure calculator dial or guide number equation shown

Note: As sufficient power

with

a motor drive, use the newest and freshest batteries whenever

possible. For the same reason, avoid tripping the shutter immediately aft

er

the ready-light comes on. but wait for at least 30 seconds before

beginning the motor drive sequence.

to

in

this way.

this se

on page

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

-16

to synchronize with a motor-driven

up

to

four frames per second.

take

up

to

eight flash picture s

At

and

the MD setting, only the main

the light output

tting

is

also for manual operation;

be

30.

is

required for

is

approx. one-

mum power.

calculated manually

the

flash unit

to

is able to

in

rapid

Like

synchronize

Exposure

The

exposure calculator dial helps depending distance .

1)

Set

To

set the ASAIISO film speed, turn the ASA/I speed setting ring until the number corresponding to the speed of your film index. Dots between the numbers represent intermediate settings.

Calculator

you

select the aperture

on the camera-to-subjectlflash-to-subject

To

use the dial, follow these steps:

the

film

speed

Dial

@

on

the back of the S8-

you

is

opposite the ASA/I

on

must set

SO

the film speed scale

on

the

len

SO film

film speed

16

s

24

2)

Set

the

zoom

setting

Turn

the zoom setting knob at the center the zoom setting index is opposite the same letter selected

set the zoom head at T for a 85mm lens, the zoom setting knob must also

Note: The W, setting on the dial

attached to the flash unit with the zoom head set at

in

setting the zoom head. For example,

be

knob

on

set at

T.

is

used when the wide-flash adapter

WI.

the dial until

as

you

if

you

3)

Determine

Depending read off the usable f/stop(s) from the dial. In either the

TTL

or non-TTL automatic mode, more than one f/stop usable. When choosing subject

color-coded lines.

is

the f-number) shooting distance, whereas the sma larger the f-number), the less the maximum shooting

distance . If the subject distance remains the same, the

larger the aperture you select, the less depth of field

the final photograph; however, the recycling time shorter. greater the depth of field, but the recycl Therefore, be

taken into consideration.

the

exposure

on

which shooting mode you '

an

aperture, make sure that your

is

within the auto shooting range indicated by the

On

in

The

you

the other hand, the smaller the aperture, the

choosing

larger the aperture (the smaller

select, the greater the maximum

an

flstop, all these factors should

ve

ll

er the aperture (the

ing

time

selected,

in

is

longer.

25

is

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

For through·the·lens (TTL) operation

On

the dial there are eight

f/22 . Each

in

which you can obtain the correct automatic exposure. These ranges are indicated by a series of color-coded lines above the distance scale.

For

programmed the lens aperture. Once the lens is set to its minimum aperture, the camera automat ica according to the lens selected and automatic shooting range, see page 27.

26

II

stop determines the usable distance range

TIL

operation,

in

use.

lis

tops ranging from f/2 to

it

is

not necessary to select

lly se

lects the proper aperture

For

information

on

the aperture

Example 1

If you are using ASAIISO 100 film (with the zoom head set at N for a 3 ing range take pictures of subjects located between 1.4 and 8.

(approx. 4.6 and 26 ft.) from the camera.

Example 2 If you are using ASAIISO 400 set

atT

ing

range indicated by the orange line

21

m (approx.

5mm

lens) and select f/4 , the auto shoot-

is

indicated by an orange line. Thus, you can

fi

for

an

85mm

lens) and select f/4, the auto shoot-

12

to 69 ft.).

lm (with the zoom head

thi

s time is 3.8

0m

to

Example 3

ou

are us

ing

If y se

t at N for a 35 mm lens) and the subject is 2 m away,

you can

se a shorter recyc depth of

field

ASA/ISO

lect either 1/2.8, 1/4, 1

lin

g time

is d

esi

red, u

100

film (wi

is

preferable, u

se

1/16.

th the zoom he

/56,

1/8, f/

se

11

or f/16.

1/2.8. If greater

The auto shooting ranges for TTL photography are shown

in

the loll

owing table.

TIL

auto shooting range

ad

If

Film speed

1000' 800 ' 400

2.8 2

2.8+113

4 2.8 2

4+113

5.

6+1/3

5.6 4 2.8 2

8+1/3

8 5.6

0.

11+113

16+1/3

-

11

16

22

0

~

- -

-

- -

• For Nikon F-

• ' W

is used when the wide-

2

zoom he

the

c=:J

= Progr

(A5AJISO

)

100

200

-

- - -

4 2.8 2

8 5.6

11

8

56

16

11

8 5.6

11

22 16

16

22

-

22

-

501

1N2020 and F-3011N2000 only_

ad set

at

amm

ed

TTL

T S

50 25

7.6-30 6.8-30 (26-98)

5.3-29 (17·95)

8-21

3.

-

(12-69)

2.7-

-

(8.9-46) (7.9-43)

1.9-10

(6.2-33) (5.8-31)

14·74

4

28

(46-24)

1.0-5.2

4

(33-17) (3.0-15)

0.8-3.7

5.6

8

(2.6-12)

0.8-2.6

11

8

(2.6-8.5)

0.

8-1

16

11

(2.6-5.9)

ff

ash adapter is attached to the ffash unit with

W,

auto ffash in formation.

(22·98)

4.8-26 4.0-22 (18-85) (13-72)

3.4-9 3.0-16 (11-62)

2.4-13 20-11

14

1.7-9.5 1.4-8.0

12-67

(3.9-22) (3 .3-18)

0.9-4.7 0.7-4.0

0.6-3.3

(2.

0.8-2.3

(2.0-7.

0.6-1.6

.8

(2.0-5.2)

Zoom heed setti ng

N

6.0-30 (20-98) (16-85)

(9.8-52) (7.9-43)

(6.8-36)

(4

.8-26) (3.9-22)

'0-56

13)

(2.3-

08-2

(2.0-9.2) (2.0-7.5)

0-11)

0.6-2.0

(2.0-6.6)

5) 6-14

0.

(2.0-4.6) (2.0-3.6)

.8

Uni

t:

m (f t)

WI

··

W,

3 4·

.5

.7

0-11)

6-1

.6 08-1.1

6-1.1

19

(11-62)

.4

·13

(7.9-43)

1.7-95

(5.8-32)

12~,

09-47

(3.0-15)

06-33

(20-11)

6-23

(20-7

06-16

(2.0-5.2)

(20-3

0.6-0.8

(2.0-2.6)

4.8-26

3.4·19 2

(11-62)

2.4-13

1.6-9

(5.2-31) (3.9-22)

1.2-6

0.9-4.7

(3.0-15)

0.8-3.3 0.

(2.

0.6-2.3

0.

(2.0-5.2)

0.

7

.5)

.6)

27

-CONTROLS

For

non-TTL

For non-TTL automatic operation, two flstops , indicated by the blue and orange aperture indicator lines at the bottom of the calculator dial. After determining the aperture, set the shooting mode selector corresponding to the aperture

automatic

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

(A)

operation

you

can select one of

you

selected .

Example 1 If

you are using ASA/ISO set at N for a 35mm lens), the usable aperture the blue

automatic shooting range (2

For a subject more than is or f/4. If a shorter recycling time greater depth of field

A1

setting and f/4 at the orange

.0 to

13

ft.) at A 1 and 0.

f/4. With a subject 3m away,

100

film (with the zoom head

in

this case

6m

to 8.

4m

away, 'the only usable flstop

you

is

desired , use f/8 .

A2

setting.

is

0m (1.0 to

can sele

preferable, use f/4.

0.6 to 4.0m 26

ct either f/8

ft.)

is

f/8

at

The

at A2.

If

28

Example 2 Auto shooting range

If

you are using ASAIISO 400 film, the usable aperture

now f/16 at A 1 and

1/8

at

A2.

is

Zoom head setting

T

The auto shooting range varies according to the zoom

as

shown

in

head setting head setting, the range

the table.

is

the same regardless speed and the corresponding As

you can see

is

always 0.6m

in

the table, the closest subject distance

(20

It.) except at the T setting of the

zoom head.

Note

: Regardless

speed can be used for non·

of

the settings on the exposure calculator dial. any film

TTL

automatic operation.

Iistop

At

the same zoom

01

the film

available at A 1 or A2.

S

N

W,

W

,'

• W2 is used when the wide-flash adapter is attached to the flash unit

with the zoom head set at

Unit:

Shooting mode Shooting range

A1 A2 A1 A2 A1

A1

W,

.

0.8-5.2 (2.6-17)

0.8-10

(26

0.6-4.7 (2.0-15)

0.6-9.5 (2.0-31)

0.6-4.0 (2.0-13)

0.6-8.0 (2.0-26) A2

0.6-3

.3

(2.0-11)

0.6-6.7 (2.0-22) A2

0.6-2.3 (2.0-7.5)

0.6-4.7 (2.0-15) A2

m(tt)

-33)

29

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAll-continued---------

For manual (M) operation

After setting the ASA/ISO film speed and zoom setting

on

knob ject; then look at tance to determine exactly how far away the subject actually directly above the flash-to-subject distance and read off the f-number next to this line. Then, set this aperture your lens.

30

the exposure calculator dial, focus

the

lens and read off the focused dis-

is

. Now, find the end of the color-coded line

on

the sub-

on

Example When using ASAIISO for a 35mm lens) and the subject away, the correct aperture 3m

(10

ft.) away, the aperture

Without referring

also determine the

flstop =

With ASAIISO

at

set

32. If

fiB.

Wi N for a if

the subject

f/2.B.

flash-to-subject distance

N for a 35mm lens), the S8-16's guide number

the subject th

ASAIISO

35

mm lens), the guide number

is

100

(with the zoom head set at N

is

located 1.5m (5.0 ft.)

is

approx. f/22 . With a subject

is

approx. fl11.

to

the exposure calculator dial, you can

flstop

by

using the following equation:

guide number

100

film and meters (and the zoom head

is

4 m away, divide

25 film and feet (and zoom head set at

20

ft

. away, divide

52

by

32

by

4 to get

is

52. Therefore,

20

to get approx.

is

The

guide number at various film speeds and zoom head

is

shown

in

settings

Guide numbers

Zoom head setting

T

S

W, W

* W,

with the zoom head set

119(390) 107 (351) 76 (250)

N

'76 (250)

,'

is

used when the wide-flash adapter

the following table:

in

the manual mode

800

90 (295)

54

400

84

(276) 59 (194)

64

(210) 45 (148) 32 (105)

54

(177)

(177l

38

(125)

at

W

ASAIISO film speed

200

42

54

(177)

38

(125)

27

27(89)

,.

19(62)

is

attached to the flash unit

100

50

(138)

30(98)

(125)

27

(89)

22

(72)

(89) 19 (62)

13 (43)

Unit'

21 19 (62) 16 13

9.5

m(tt)

25

(69)

(52) (43) (31)

For

motor

drive

(MD) operation

After setting the ASA/ISO film speed and zoom setting knob

on the exposure calculator dial, focus ject; then look at the lens and read off the focu tance

to

determine exact

ly

how far away the subject

on

the sub-

sed di

s-

actually is.

31

-CONTROLS

Now,

you are ready to read the usable f/stop from the

IN

DETAIL-continued----------

dial. Each color-coded line indicating the auto shooting

range for each

f/stop has a notch

on

it.

Find the notch directly above the flash-to-subject distance and read the f-number at the end of the line.

Example

100,

With ASAIISO a subject 2m With a subject 4m

zoom head set at N for 35mm lens,

(6

.6 ft.} away, the aperture

(13

ft.) away, the aperture

is

approx. f

is

f

12.

Without referring to the exposure calculator dial, you can also determine the f/stop equation found

on

page

by

using the guide number • W2

30.

The

guide number at various film speeds

settings

is

shown

in

the following table:

Guide numbers in the MD mode

Zoom head setting

T

/4.

5

N

W, W

is

with the zoom head set

30(98) 27 22(72) 19 12 (39) 8.4 (28) 5.

2'

used when the wide· flash adapter

400 2

8

00

21

(89) 19 (62)

16 (52)

(62)

13

at W,.

ASAIISO film speed

00

(69)

14

(46) 10 (33)

13

(43) 9.5 (31)

11

(36)

(43) 9.5 (31)

9(19)

is

and

zoom head

Unit

·

100 50

7

6.7 (22)

(26)

5.6 (18) 4

8

6.7 (22) 4.8 (16) 3.

4.2 (14)

3

attached to the flash unit

25

(23) 5 (16)

4.7

3(11)

(98)

2.1 (6.9)

m(tt)

(15) (13)

32

Exposure

In

TTL or non-TTL automatic operation with a dark sub-

ject (one with low reflectivity) or one light

compensation

in

tone (having high-reflectivity), over- or underexposure may occur. prevent this,

Note:

shooting directly into a mirror or metallic surface. underexposure certain to

exposure compensation is required.

If

you photograph a subiect

occur. In

this case. take the picture on manual.

of

very high reflectivity. such as when

To

is

TTL exposure compensation

When shooti

ng

TTL auto

fla

sh pictures, you can use the camera's exposure compensation dial (or the exposure compensation button also available when using the

FG)

in

Nikon

the normal way to make exposure compensation according to the shooting situation or to make in

tentionally over- or underexposed photographs.

Turn

the dial and turn sure (refer to the camera

information). T

in

the + direction to give more exposure

it

in

the oPPosite

(-)

direction to give less

's instruction manual for more

he

TTL auto shooting range changes

according to the amount of exposure compensation.

expo-

33

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

For example, if ex

posure compensation dial

you

can read

c

al

culator d

correct T

you

are using ASAIISO 1

25

from t

ial

of the S8-16 to

TL auto shooti

he

ng

range to

set

at

+ 2 (overexposure),

table. Reset

ASA/ISO 25,

match the c

00

the

and

film with

exposure

then the

om

the

pen sated amount will be shown on the exposure calculator dial.

34

ASAJISO

film

speed

to

set

for

TTL

exposure

compensation

~n

Film speed In use

• For Nikon F-5011N2020 and F-301IN2000 only

~

= Not possible; make the necessary compensation in the non-

automatic mode (see the following)

25

50 100 200 400 800'

1000'

value

+1

+2

.-/

/

25

/

25

50

50 100

200

1

00

200

400

250

500

or

shoot on manual.

0

25

50 100 200 400 800

1000

- 1

50

1

00 200 400 800'

/

7 7

.-/

/

- 2

100 200 400 800'

TTL

Non-TTL

In compensation can opening aperture. When a subject aperture.

automatic

the non-TTL automatic exposure mode, exposure

up

the lens. With a dark subject, use a smaller

exposure

be

performed

compensation

by

is

light

in

stopping down or

tone, use a larger

35

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAll-continued---------

F3-series

FA

FE2

Ready·

After the ON/OFF switch the back is recycled and ready to fire. At the same tim

ig

l in F-301/N2000, Thus, without removing your tell when the flash unit

Light @

is turn

of

the 8B-16 lights up to indicate that the 8B -

ht inside the viewf inder of all Nikon F3-series camera

addition to the FA,

FG, FG-

20,

is

ready for the next shot.

ed on, the ready-light at

e,

the ready-

FE2

, FM2, FE, F-501/N2020,

EM

and Nikonos-V also lights up.

eye

from the eyepiece,

36

FE

you

16

can

FM2

Notes:

I)

Wi

th the Nikon F

Nikon

os-V,

release button ha

s,

2) The full capacity. Therefore, it when shooting subjects located at the far limit of the auto shooti range.

3)

With 30sec. to light up, you should replace the batteries with a fresh s

4)

The

almost exhausted, increasing the recycling time. stop using them immediately and recharge them damaged.

the meter must first be turned on by depressing the shutter

ready-light will light up when the S8-16

alkaline-manganese batteries, if the ready-light takes more than

voltage

of NiCd

F-501/N2020, F-30

1/N

2000

FG FG

A, FE2, F

lf

-SO

IIN2020, F-301IN2000,

way

to

ac

tivate the ready-light function.

is

a good idea to wait for a few more seconds

batteries decreases rapidly when their power

is

recycled to approx . 80 %

FG,

When

or

they may be

·20

FG-20

et.

this occur

or

ng

is s,

Warning

In

the TTL or non-TTL automatic mode, both the readylights blink for 3 seconds after the flash unit fired at its maximum output, indicating that the light might have been in

sufficient for correct exposure. subject distance and if range, use a wider aperture the subject. Becau with u The ambient light and the reflectivity of the subject. Note that, becau indicate that the light output was insufficient for correct exposure, even if the subject is within the auto shooting rang

functions

on

the flash unit and

se,

the guide number might al

flash output of the 88-16 depends

se

of the

e.

se

se factor

in

the camera's viewfinder

In

this case, check the

it

is out of the automatic shooting

if poss

ibl

the voltage of batteries decreases

s,

the ready-light may blink

e or mo

so

be

ve

closer to

reduced slightly.

on

the available

to

Other warnings shown according (For more detailed information, refer to the tables following pages

to

the type of flash unit and the camera

.)

by

the ready-light's blinking vary

in use.

on

the

37

-CONTROLS

With the SB·16A

As

soon

as

the flash unit

in

the following cases:

blink

1)

When the AS-8 's mounting foot is not securely locked.

2)

When using the TTL mode with the Nikon F3-series camera and the camera's film speed setting beyond the usable range of ASAIISO exposure compensation.

3) When

Note that when the shutter speed setting

or FM2

the camera's meter is the camera's ready-light blinks one indicate when the flash

the shooting mode sele

any camera other than the Nikon F3-series.

is

improper for correct flash synchronization and

on

the flash unit does not blink but simply lights

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

is

turned on, both ready·lights

25"'400

ctor

is

set

on

(only

in

the case of the

as

a warning, while the

is

ready to fire.

is

set well

, without

at

TTL with

the Nikon

FE),

up

FE

just

to

38

C.mer.

F

3·

••

rle

.

FA 'II. AS·'

F

E2

'II. AS·'

FE

'II. AS·'

FM2 (with

1/2

50 • •

ayno

apead)

FM2 (with 11200 a

ync

.peed) 'I

F

·501

/N2020

F·301/N2OOQ

FO 'II. AS·'

FO·20

Nlkono.

'II.

Y'1'1pa

Cord

and AS·.

'It

blinks when the film speed setting on the camera is beyond the usable range for the

"It

blinks when the mounting foot

"'It

blinks irregularly.

c::::::J

Note:

With

c.

via AS·

'

••

0.

I. AS·'

'II. AS·', 'II. AS·

'

'II. AS·.

·Y Syn

c

= Proper flash synchronization is impossible due to improper setting

a mechanical shutter speed set on the camera. the camera's exposure meter remains

Shutt.r .peed

Seiling ( ••

All

sel1ings

All

seUings except

(In

p.

S, A

and M modes)

M25O.

B

<In

p.

S, A

and M modell)

All

settings

except

M250,

B

AUTO

. 11125

or

1/250

or

r.ater

1/250

or

slower

1/500

or t ••

ler

1/

200

( x

200)

11250

or t ••

ter

Ail

settings

All

seUlngs

except

M90

, B

Ali

settings

except

MOO

, B

Ali

settings

except

M90

, B

is

not securely locked.

c .) r

M250

and

B

M250

and

B

slower

or slower

M90

and

B

M90

and

B

M90

and

B

Shooting

TTL

Al, A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

Al.A2

. M ,

TTL

At, A2, M,

TTL

Al,

A2,

M,

TTL

At,

A2,

M,

'tTL

Al.A2.

M.

TTL

AI. A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2,

M,

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

At,

A2.

M.

TTL

At, A2

. M .

TTL

Al. A2

. M .

TTL

Al,A2, M,

TTL

AI, A2, M,

TTL

At, A2,

M,

TTL

AI, A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2. M,

of

shutter speed

mode

MD

MO

MD

MO

MD

MO

TTL

SB·18A

e.dy·llght Llghls Lights Blink. Lights

BUnk.

Lights up· ·

Blink. Blink. Light. Blink. UghlS up' · 8l1nk. Ughts 8link. Ught. Blink. Ughts Blink. Llghta BUnke Ughts Bllnka

hi.

L

Blink. Blink. LightS 8llnk. Lights up·· Blinks Lights Blink. Lights Blink. Lights Blink. Lights Blink. Lights

mode

or

when the mounting foot

or

shocting mode.

off

even

if

you depress the shutter release button.

up· up··

up··

up'·

up·"

up··

up·"

up··

up·

up··

up·

Camer.

'.

'

·

Meter ON

Lighls

up· Lights up· · Blinks Lights

up'·

Lights

up··

Blink. Ughts up· · Blink.··· BUnk. stink. Lights

up·· Blink.··· Stinks Blink. Lights

up· Blinks··· Blink.

LightS

up Blink. Ughts up··

Blinks Lights

up··

Blinks Lights

up·

is

not securely locked.

ready·Ught

M.terOF

F

Lights

up·

Lights

up·

'

Doe.

not

light

ghl.

up

not

1I0hl

up

up··

not

Iloht

up

light

up

up··

up"

up··

not

light

up

not

light

up

not

II

tu

not

light

up

up··

not

Ughl

up

not

light

up

up·'

not

II

hi

up

nOI

light

up

Does BUnk. Ll

Doe.

Doe. not Blink. Lights 8l1nk. Light. up·' Blink. Light. Blink. Ught. Blink.··· Blink.

·

Blink. Lights Blink.··· Blink.

eo..

Does

eo..

Does Blink. Lights

Doe.

Does

8l1nk.

Lights Doe. Does Blink. Lights up··

39

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAIL-continued--------_

With the

As soon as the flash unit the flash unit lights up when the flash is ready to fire, while the ready-light the following cases:

SB-16B

is

turned on, the ready-light on

in

the camera 's viewfinder blinks

in

1)

When the shooting mode selector is set at camera other than the Nikon

F-301/N2000,

2)

When using the automatic flash photography with the camera's shutter speed dial set at a mechanical setting (M250, M90 or The B setting on the F-501/N2020 and F-301lN2000 camera ting on the camera's shooting mode selector.

3)

When using the or Nikonos-V to perform with a camera film speed setting over the usable range, without exposure compensation (or when using DX-coded film with film speed higher than

F-501/N2020 and

within the usable range for

25 to 400 with the to 1000 with the With the speed setting on the camera without exposure compensation

4)

When the shutter speed setting on the FM2 or proper for flash synchronization and the camera's meter is

on (only

FG

, or Nikons-V.

FA,

FE2, FG

is

not a mechanical setting;

FA,

FE2,

TIL

F-301/N2000)

FA,

FE2, FG

F-501/N2020 and

FA,

the ready-light also blinks when the film

in

the case of the

FA,

or Nikonos-V to perform

F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000,

automatic flash photography

. Make sure to use film

TIL

flash photography (ISO

or Nikonos-V, or

F-301/N2000)

is

near

in

the + direction.

FE)

.

TIL

FE2

, F-

501/N2020,

you

can use any set-

ISO

1000 for the

ISO

12,

with any

ISO

.

with or

FE

is

TIL

8).

FG

25

im-

40

Came

F3-•• v

ia AS·4

FA

FE2

FE

FM2

• yn c .

FM2 (wllh .

yne .ptled

F

·501/N20

F·

30lIN2000

FQ

FQ·20

Nlkono. vi a V.TYpe Sync

·'t

blmks when the film speed settmg on the camera

• • It blinks irregularly.

[==:::J

Note: Wi

ra

rle

.

o r 7

(wUh 1125

0 s. c •

p.ed

)

1

/200

••

e.

)

20 ,

·V

Cord

= Proper flash synchronization

th

a mechanical shutter speed set on the camera, the camera's exposure meter remains

All A1I

(In M250

(In

A1I

M250

AUTO

1/250

t/250

1/500

t 1

11250

All

MOO, B

All

MOO

All

MOO

Shutt.r

.ptled

Setting (.e settings settings

p.

S, A

, B

p.

S, A

selllngs

, B

, t 1125

or

200 ()(

or

setting

s81ll

sellings

, B

settIngs

. B

is

impossible due to improper setting

e.)

except

M250

and M modes

and M modes)

except

rsster

slower

taater

200) or

rsater

s

ngs

except

and

)

M250

and

or

slower

M90

and

B

MOO

and

B

MOO

and

8

is

beyond the usable range for the

B

Shooting

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

At, A2

, M ,

TTL

At, A2

, M ,

TTL

At, A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

At, A2,

M,

TTL

Al,A2,

M,

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2,

M,

TTL

Al, A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2,

M,

TTL

Al, A2

, M ,

TTL

AI, A2

, M ,

TTL

Al,A2

, M ,

TTL

At, A2, M,

TTL

At,A2

, M ,

TTL

Al, A2.

M,

TTL

Al,

A2,

M,

of

shutter speed

mod.

MD

MO

MD

MO

TTL

S8·188

'.

r.ady·llght

LI

ht.

u Lights up Li

ghts

up Ughts up

Lihgt.

up Ughts

up Lights

up

Light.

u Ughts

up LI

hts

~p_

Lights

up

Lights

up

Light.

up

Light.

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Ught.

up

Ught.

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

LI

ht.

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Light.

~p

__

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

Lights

up

mode .

or

shooting mode.

off

even if you depress the shutter release button.

Camera

'.

Me

••

rON SUnks Lights

up

Lights

up"

LIghts

up

Lights

up·

Ligh

ts

up

Blinks Lights

up

BUnke--

Slinks Blinks Blinks Ughts

up Bllnks-BUnks Blink. Ughts

up SUnk ...

• Blink. Blink. Lights

up·

Lights

up

Lights

up·

Lights

up

Blinks Lights

up

Lights

up·

Lights

up

ready· light

BUnks Lights Does Does Slink. Lights Does Does Slink. Lights Slinks Lights Slink. Lights

Lights Bllnka-SUnk.

B"nkO

Lights Bllnk.·-

Does Does Does Does Slink. Lights

Does

Does Blink. Lights Does Does BUnk. Lights

Me'.rOFF

up not not

up

not not not not

up

no'!

not

up not not

up

tight tI

light light

light light light light

light light

up

ht

up

up UP

up up up up

up up

41

-CONTROLS

Open-

Flash

Button

The

ready-light flash button to

trip the camera's shutter.

create multiple-exposure "stroboscopic" effects or paint

the scene with light by firing the flash unit repeatedly with the camera set flash unit

on

to

fire the flash unit manually without having

is

not connected

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

@

the SB-

at

16

can

be

used

as

In

this manner, you can

B. In this case, make sure that the

to

the camera.

an

open-

The

open-flash button

SB-16

to

determine whether the illumination from the flash was sufficient for proper exposure automatic mode. With the shooting mode selector set

one of the color-coded dots (A 1 or button; if light might have been insufficient for the subject.

case, reset the

closer to the subject. This test-firing when the flash head

flash.

it

starts blinking, then you know the amount of

se

is

also useful for test-firing the

in

A2),

push

lector

to

A 1

if it

was set

is

tilted and/or rotated for bounce

at A2, or move

is

especially useful

the non-TTL

the"

FLASH"

In

at

this

42

In

the TTL mode, test-firing must

ping the shutter. Note that, without film loaded

be

performed

by

in

trip-

the camera , the ready-light will blink even if the correct exposure

film, you can use a strip of cut film (provided

is

obtainable.

As

a substitute for loaded roll

it

is

not too

old) or a piece of gray paper.

43

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

Tilting/Rotating

For

truly crea tive bounce flash photography, the 88-16

ha

s two flash head

The ma

in head tilts back 90° with click-stops

45° , 60°, 75°

an

arc or 270°, 90° clockwis

nd

60° a click-stops at 30°, 60°, 90° , 120°, 150° tions. as

Notes:

1)

2)

44

90° position

To

rotate it, push the flash head locking lever ®

you

move the flash head until it clicks into place.

In the MD mode, only the main head fires.

A special red LED

light output. button before the S8 not a malfunction.

If you release the camera

Flash

s.

and

90° position

s,

is

built into one end

-16

is

Head

®

s.

It also

e wi

and

180° counterclockwise with

rotates

th

click stops

and

of

the f/ashtube to ensure stable

's

shutter

or

fully recycled, the LED might light

push the open-flash

at the 30°,

through

at

30°,

180° posi-

up

up-this

Secondary

The

smaller secondary head is built into the front of

fla

sh unit and faces straight ahead. Its purpo in the shadows light for the eyes when doing bounce flash . The secondary head has a guide number of 8.

Flash

Head

®

se

is to fill

in the eye sockets and provide a catch-

the

45

-CONTROLS

IN

DETAIL-continued---------

Wide-Flash

The

Wide-Flash Adapter attached main flash head with the zoom head set 2

8mm 70° horizontal and 53° vertical to 78° and 60° respectively, allowing the angle len

zoom head knob

46

Adapter SW-7

len

s) increases the angle of coverage from the

s,

With the SW-7 attached, remember

SB-16

on

the exposure calculator dial

to

be used

CD

in

front of the SB-16's

at

with a 24mm wide-

WI (for a

to set

the

at W2.

Because the SW-7 diffus SB-16

, the guide number is reduced to and meters (refer to pages shooting ranges are less (refer to page auto shooting ranges and page shooting ranges).

es

the light emitted from the ·

19

31

and 32), and the auto

29

for the non-TTL auto

at

ASA/ISO

27

for the TTL

100

TTL

Multiple

The

TTL multiple flash terminal

Flash

Terminal

is

provided for TTL multi-

@

ple flash photography. (For more information, refer to pages

58-61.)

Sync/Multiple

Located at the side of the

Flash

Terminal

AS-8

or

@

AS-9

is

a threaded

terminal which serves two purposes: it can be used attach a sync cord or you can attach a second electronic

to

the 88-16 for off-camera operation

flaSh

in

series for

manual multiple lighting setups. (For more detailed information about manual multiple flash, refer

to

pages 58

and 62.)

Notes:

I) When the S8-16

tion inside the camera's viewfinder and automatic sync speed setting are not

available, and

2)

When

attached to an all-metallic accessory shoe, such

the Nikkormat FTN camera, the S8-16 does not fire even

nected to the camera body with

flash contact with vinyl tape

as

SC-ID

is

used off-camera via a sync

TTL

auto flash operation cannot be performed.

required.

cord

, ready-light indica-

a sync

cord

or

use the optional accessory sy

. In this case, isolate the

as

the one on

if

it is con-

nc

cord,

to

47

TECHNIQUES---------

Synchro-Sunlight

A backlit subject, such

to

the s

back come out almost correctly exposed. pensation is made backlit subject, the background may

fill

in

the shadows and balance the illumination levels of

the

subject and background,

fla

sh unit even

One important fact to remember

sure for both subject and background is thi

a flash unit

with

un

Fill-In

or indoors

as

a silhouette

On

the other hand, if exposure com-

to

give the correct exposure for a

in

daytime.

is

determined only

Flash

Photography

as

a person outside with hislher

in

front of a window, may

if

the background

be

washed out.

you

can use

in

an

electronic

balancing the expo-

s:

Exposure

by

the aperture

selected, whereas exposure for ambient daylight

determined by a combination

of

shutter speed and

aperture.

is

To

is

Without flash or exposure compensation:

the

backlit subject

comes out too dark.

Without flash, the

exposure compen-

sation dial set

+2:

the

is

correctly exposed,

the

but too

bright.

but

with

at

subject's face

background is

48

With fill-in flash: both

the

subject and the background come out properly exposed.

49

TECHNIQUES-confinued

- -

----

Synchro-sunlight fill-in flash photography the S8-16's shooting mode selector set matic, non-TTL automatic, or manual mode. Operation sults dure first.

In

the

1)

Set the shutter speed

the camera manua speed for electronic flash or a slower one.

2)

Take a meter reading of the background. Frame the

background lit subject meter to determine the proper f/stop for the shutter speed you have set.

3)

Determine the flash-to-subject distance. Using the

equation below, calculate the flash-to-subject distance using page

flash-to-subJect distance f

4)

Position the

flash-to-subject distance move camera's viewfinder. use a wideangle-to-telephoto zoom lens. As

50

in

the manual mode assures you of good

in

virtually

manual

the guide number for the film

31)

in

all

cases,

so

we will describe this proce-

mode

on

ll

y to the highest synchronization

in

the camera's viewfinder, so that the back-

is

not included.

and the f/stop set on the l

..

58·16

and out until the subject appears sharp

the camera manually. Set

Turn

on

the camera's exposure

guide number

Istop

at the correct distance.

on

the lens distance scale; then

To

vary the composition,

ens:

in

to

use

is

possible with

the TTL-auto-

(as

shown

Set

you

an

alternate

in

re-

on

the

can

method, remove the fl separate sync cord and position

then you can shoot from any position.

5)Take the picture.

turn it

on

and wait until it

the shot. This procedure balances the exposure for the subject

with that of the background. However, fill-in flash photography, from the flash unit

flash illumination harsh shadows caused

are two ways of decreasing flash illumination.

use

an

aperture that's one or two flstops smaller than

that determined

speed that should the background a correct exposure ; the other a flash-to-subject distance that determined through the equation.

more natural-looking results with either method. al

so

combine the two methods. Some photographers

prefer

to

overexpose the background

to

create

an

intentionally backlit effect

speed that's slower

ash

unit from the camera using a

it

at the correct distance;

Set

the S8

-16

for manual operation,

is

fully recycled before taking

it

is

as

a secondary light

by

approx. one or two stops

in

step

be

by

a good idea

by

the ambient daylight. There

2)

in

combination with a shutter

slower

by

one or two steps

1.4

or two times longer than

a further one step.

in

synchro-sunlight

to

use the light

by

decreasing the

to

eliminate One

is

You

will obtain

You

by

one stop

by

in

using a shutter

is

to

give

to use

can

order

to

In

the

TTL-automatic

!~

Same as Steps

3)

Take the picture. With the S8-16

turned

on,

just take the picture.

Notes:

1)

With

a strongly backlit subject (such

the desired exposure balance may not be obtained. the

8B-

16

2) set the camera 's shutter speed dial and exposure compensation dial accordingly. For example, use ground overexposed and turn the exposure compensation dial direction

on manual.

To

give different exposures to the subject and background, you can re-

to

1)

make the subject underexposed.

mode

and 2)

in

the manual mode.

se

t at

as

a scene containing the sun),

a slower shutter speed to make the back-

In

this case, use

TTL

in

and

the -

In

the

non-TTL

1)

Set a shooting aperture

automatic

on

mode

the lens.

Read

off the two usable apertures from the exposure calculator dial and

set one of them

2)

Take a meter reading of the background. Frame the

background

on

the lens.

in

the camera's viewfinder and turn

on

the camera's meter to determine the proper shutter speed for the aperture you have set. Note that the shutter speed should

be

camera

3)

Take the picture. With the S8-16 set at A 1 or A2 and

turned tion speed

Notes:

1)

Exposure in

2)

Because the usable apertures are limited mode, a proper shutter speed be

within the flash synchronization range for the

you

are using.

on

, take the picture only if a proper synchroniza-

is

available.

is

more easily affected by the brightness

the non-

TTL

automatic mode than it

available.

is

to

match the shooting aperture may not

in

the

in

the non-

TTL

of

-automatic mode.

the background

TTL

automatic

51

TECHNIQUES-continued------

Synchronization with

If you are us

dim light, the background may come out too dark. avoid thi

synchronization with slow shutter speeds that described before; however, you should mount the camera

1/30sec . and below. Also,

make the background somewhat underexposed.

ing

the 88·

s,

use a slower shutter speed.

on

a tripod

slow

shutter

16

at a high shutter speed under Note: When using color film, especially transparency film, unnatural color

to

avoid camera shake at speeds of

it

is recommended that

speeds

The

procedure for

is

the same

To

as

you

casts may

occur

when the ratio

of

flash illumination to

ambientlightis

low.

52

Fast synchronization speed: is

too dark.

the

background

Slow synchronization speed: now detaifs

in

the background can

be

seen.

53

TECHNIQUES-continued

--

---------:

Diffusing

Light

pointed directly at the subject a

the

Light

is

what gives form

to solid objects . If

nd loca

ted near the len

the

flash

is

s, the subject will look flat because of the lack of shadows. However,

appear

on

the side opposite the light

off-axis, shadows start

sou

rce,

thu

to

s giving

if the

fla

sh

is

moved

the impression of roundness. But because the light sti

comes directly from the flash. the shadows are harsh and unattrac

tiv

e.

By

diffusing the light,

you

can eliminate the harsh shadows, making snapshots and portraits much more attrac Th

ere are two ways

bounce the light off a broad reflective surface , such

the ceiling or walls, or u

and

subject.

tive.

to

diffu

se

light: you can either

se

a diffuser between flash

as

Bounce flash photography

With the 8B-16's rotated, the light travels directly then bounces back to the subject. Acting flector, the ceili light rays, making the lighting diffused and much more natural looking. Because the 8B-16 head faces straight ahead, direct illumination to fill the eyes and creates a catchlight for the eyes.

main flash head tilted back and/or

to

the ceiling or wall

as

ng

or wall scrambles the direction of the

's

it

provides a small amount of

in

unflattering shadows around

a broad re-

secondary flash

and

ll

91t

'i.'"

/~'ll

//I:~I

//'/1

1/1"

I/</~I/

/'

/ I

/,'

/ I

I,/

/',/

/,'

"

/ I I /

I

I I I I I

I'

/ / / / "

I I I I I

I I I I

/ I I I "

/'

/ " /

/ I I I I

I / I I I

" / / / /

I I f I I

I I I I I

/ / /

I I

/ / / / /

:'

54

Combination bounce in

the eyes.

and

direct flash: soft, natural-looking lighting with a pleasing catchlight

55

TECHNIQUES-confinued------

The

procedure for bounce flash

1) Choose the bounce surface.

Select the ceiling or wall of; then tilt and/or rotate the main flash head pOints

in

that direction.

The bounce angle, and the setting of the zoom head should be

determined after considering the size and shape of the subject and the effect desired. With a subject having great depth, some light should reach the point furthest away from the camera effect. For portraits, consider how much brightness want for the background.

2) Set the zoom head.

In

bounce flash photography, a large amount of light required, because the light has than

in

direct flash photography, and also the bounce surface absorbs a certain amount of light. Therefore, recommended that the zoom head of diffused illumination (from the bounce surface) direct illumination (from the secondary flash head) an

important consideration. If the bounce surface far away or is not very reflective, the level of the diffused illumination may

be alm

ost the same nation, thus effectively cancelling the diffused lighting effect.

In

this case, adjust the angle of the main flash head or shorten the bounce distance more difference

in

illumination level

is

as

follows:

you

want

to

bounce the flash off

so

position of the flash unit, the

to

create a three-dimensional

to

travel a longer distance

be

set at

T.

The

as

the direct illumi-

so

that there

s.

that

is

you

it

ratio

to

also

too

is

3) Choose an aperture.

Te

st firing the flash bounce flash photography depends tions, such

it

bounce distance. Note that,

as

distance cannot

is

necessary, becau

on

se

exposure

so

many condi-

reflectivity of the bounce surface and the

in

be

read with the exposure calculator dial.

bounce flash, shooting

4) Bracket your exposures_

It

is

recommended that

the camera's exposure compensation dial

you

take additional shot

set in direction for TTL automatic shooting or with the lens opened

up

one or two f/stops

in

the

regular (non-TTL)

automatic mode.

Notes:

1)

In

general, there is a two

of

the absorption of light by the reflective surface.

2)

Unle

ss

the surface white or silver, your color photographs will come out with color cast similar to that

3)

When

the

fla

sh head may

illumination.

sh head

To

from the of or more.

4)

In

bounce flash, the angle

flection.

or

three flstop loss

of

the reflector you are bouncing the light

of

the reflecting surface.

is

tilted back 45° or less, some amount

rea

ch the subject directly, causing uneveness

avoid

this,

make sure the head is tilted back

of

incidence

in

illumination because

is

equal to the angle

an

s,

with

the +

off

of

unnatural

of

light

60°

of

re-

in

is

56

Using

It lucent materi paper, more pronounced diffusion between the diffuser diffuser around the flash head. Experimentati

a diffuser

is

also possible

al

between the flash

to

diffuse the light by placing a trans-

, such

as

one or more sheets of tracing

and

subject.

by

placing a certain distance

and

flash than by wrapping the

You

can create

on

with different flash-to-diffuser distances and/or with more than

one

diffuser

is

recommended.

Notes:

1)

In

non-

TTL

automatic shooting, make sure that the diffuser does not

S8

come between the

2)

Some

diffusion materials may cause a slight reddish tint

graphs by decreasing the color temperature

3)

When

a diffuser

exposure calculator dial.

-16's sensor and the subject.

is

used, shooting distance cannot

of

in

the light from the

be

read with the

color photo-

fla

sh.

57

TECHNIQUES-continued------

Multiple

If you have another flash unit, you can use it as a secondary light source for multiple flash photography. When you use only one flash unit ows may be produced or light may not reach the background . But by using more than one flash unit, you can solve these problems. With the

F-301/N2000, TIL both cases, produced by using more than one flash unit depends on the

lighting ratio or balance of illumination between flash units. 80 deciding which flash will secondary.

To

posure to the subject and background by adjusting the

aperture , shutter speed and/or camera-and flash-to-sub-

ject distance.

Flash

8B-16

and manual multiple flash photography are possible.

first

you

create pictures with high contrast, give different

Photography

in

front of a subject, harsh shad-

and F3-series,

FG

or Nikonos-V camera combination, both

one

important fact

should determine the role of each flash unit,

be

FA,

FE2,

F-501/N2020,

to

remember

the main flash and which the

is

that the effect

In

ex-

One

flash unit:

standard, rather

static lighting.

Two

flash units:

dramatic lighting

. J resembling window

l

• light.

58

TTL

multiple

8y using the F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, Sync Cord) camera

Nikon 8peedlight and/or 88-140 photography with up to five flash units can

flash

photography

S8-16

connected to as

a master flash unit and either the

88-11, 88-14

as

slave flash unit(s),

an

FG

F3-series,

or Nikonos-V

, 88-15, 88-16, 8817,

TIL

FA.

FE2,

(via

V~ype

multiple flash

be

S8-18

performed.

To

perform optional TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-19 TTL multiple flash terminal. To

use

photography, the

TIL

multiple flash photography,

SC-18

(3m) to connect the flash units together via the the

S8-11, S8-14

and/or

TIL

Remote Cord

S8-140

SC-23

in

TTL multiple flash

is

use

(15m)

required.

the

and/or

59

TECHNIQUES-continued------

SYSTEM

FLASH

CHART

OPERATION

ffiOfJ

Nikon

F3

@~

~

60

FOR

TTL

MULTIPLE

@

~

l1Jl9JJ

Nlkon

F-5011

~L.-

Nlkon

N2000

O

-Q

F-3011

L-

____

,Ikonos-v

- 0

V-Type Sync Cord

~

Nlkon

FE2

:r

-

~

-"-

-f-:-@)II

Nikon

FG

__

@ indicates the

"TTL

multiple flash photography is possible onty with an F3-series ,

FA,

FE2, F-501IN2020, F-301IN2000,

@)

IJ~!5

@~

5B"

-----+-!=~~

SC-17

I~II

-!

"master

" flash unit.

FG

or Nlkonos-V camera.

@~

@)~SB-18

F~s."

~----

SB-16B

~

~~S~=

-Ej

AS-11

-

2=3=--

IlIL

ail

., ,jl

SB-11 I SB-14/

--=

O

o

~____.

SE?

SB-140

SC-18 SC-19

lJIlll-

~-El

~

AS-11

SB-141

SB-140

~SB-18

61

TECHNIQUES-confinued-----

Manual

If the secondary flash unit S8-11, the cord flash terminal. With the S8-7E or S8-10, (approx. 15cm),

m).

1

multiple

flash

photography

is

either a Nikon Speedlight

S8-12, S8-14, S8-15, S8-16 or S8-17, use either

SC-11

(approx. 25cm) or

to

connect the flash units together via sync/multiple

SC-7

(approx. 25cm) or

All

these sync cords are available

SC-15

(approx. 1

use

SC-6

as

optional ac-

m)

the

(approx.

sync SC-5

cessories.

Note:

In

manual multiple flash operation, make sure to use both flash units on manual. correct exposure cannot be obtained. because light from each speedlight affects the measurement.

62

In

the

TTL

or

non·

TTL

automatic shooting mode. the

Caution:

prevent electrical shock and damage to the hot·shoe contact. recommend mixing Nikon Speedlights with flash units multiple flash photography, unless you use slave units for remote trigger· ing. Otherwise. incorrect operation and/or damage to the unit may result.

The

S8·

16

employs a speciallow·voltage triggering circuit to

of

other makers for

We

do not

ACCESSORIES-------------

Sync

Cords 10, 11,

For use with cameras not provided with a hot shoe or for off-camera or multiple-flash lighting setup 25cm

while the 8C -

F2

- or F3-series cameras, use of the Nikon Flash Unit

Coupler (A8-1 for the

15

F2

and

is

and

15

one meter.

A8-4/7

SC-IO

-II

SC

SC-IS

s.

To

use the

for the F3)

The 8C-

8C-1O

is

required .

TTL

11

The 8C-14 enables the 8B

is

meter off a Nikon flash operation.

with

TTL

T

he

be used up to one and half mete

F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, or flash operation. Even with t setti ed just came flash photography can be used to connect up to two slave flash units when the tripod soc ket

Remote

coiled cord

ng

and ready-light indication in the viewfinder are provid-

as

ra

. The

Cord

SC-14

-16

F3

-series

Cord

SC-17

8C-17

enables the

if the flash unit were mounted directly on the

SC-17

which has

8B-16B

is

provided.

A to be used up to one

he

is

two

used

camera

FG 8C-17

for TTL automatic

8B-15, 8B-16B

rs

off a Nikon FA, FE2,

camera for

, automatic sync speed

terminals

as

TIL

for TIL multiple

a master flash unit.

or

automatic

8B-18

to

A

63

TTL

Multi·Flash

The

SC-18

and/or

un

its together for TTL multiple flash

18

is 1.5m

TTL

When

with more than three flash units or to S8-18 one can

mounted A tripod socket

mounted form TTL flash photography wi 168 with three units using the S8-168 mounted needed. Without the tacts and output control.

long, while the

Multi·Flash

you

plan to perform TTL multiple flash operation

as

a slave flash unit, the

AS-10

having three TTL multiple fl

use

up

on

it.

on

as

a slave flash unit or to perform TTL photography

on

on the

can

be

the cause of incorrect

Sync

Cords

SC-19

are used to connect the flash

SC-19

Adaptor

to three slave flash units including

at

the bottom enables the S8-168

the AS-

10

to

be fix

the

SC-1?, use

AS-10

, however, the electrical con-

flash unit are uncovered

SC·18

ope

is 3m.

AS·10

use

AS-10

ash

ed

to a tripod.

th

two units using the S8-

as

of the

a master flash unit

AS-10

and

SC·19

ration.

The

the S8-15

is

required. With

terminals,

To

is

not always

Flash

Tripod

The ASunit, to

SC-

16A see and at

Flash

or

The

Nikon accessory shoe, allowing direct attachment of the S8-

you

168.

one

and? the

the flash unit.

per-

The mou F camera. To mount the S8the

11

be ready-light from blinking for when the flash whether or not the flash fired

its maximum output.

Unit

AS-1, AS-4,

F2

The

are for the F3-series camera. A special feature of

AS

-? is that

AS-6, nt the S8

E,

F-501/N2020,

AS

-5

Adaptor AS·

enables the S8-16A. used

attached

to

a tripod. Also,

is

ready to fi

Couplers

or

AS-?

- or F3-series camera to the standard AS-1

is

for the F2-series camera

it

lets

you

on

the other hand,

-16A

directly on the Nikon FA,

F-301/N2000,

is

required.

11

it

no

reason

re

AS·1,

4,

5,

6,

convert the accessory shoe of a

change film without removing

is

used

when

FG,

FG-20, EM

16A on

an

F2-series camera,

as

a slave flash

pre

ven

ts the S8-

and

7

ISO

and

the AS-4

you

FE2,

lets

you

-type

want to

FM2

or FM

,

64

Soft

Flash

The

SS-16

and both Flash Unit Couplers AS-8 and

Unit

Case

55·16

accommodates the main flash unit of the S8-16

AS

-9,

one

attached to the main flash unit, and one stored separately inside the pocket , with the Wide-Flash Adapter

attached to the flash head.

in

coupler

the pocket , then you can put the SW-7 inside the pocket instead of attaching pocket can also

Note:

In

storing the coupler

together

or

the mounting foot

be damaged.

be

used to store spare batteries.

anything else with

of

the coupler

If

you do not store a flash unit

it

to the flash head.

or

adapter inside the pocket, never put them it.

If

you

do so, the electrical contacts

or

the glass surface of the adapter may

SW-7

The

on

"RED

"

Red the center portions of the subject's eyes appear red pictures). This

EYE"------

eye"

is

a phenomenon

orbs

in

color photographs (or white

is

a result of the light from the flash illumi-

in

flash photography where

as

in

black and white

bright

nating the retina directly. If the subject looks straight into

is

the lens and there

wide open, making the retina clearly visible

To

avoid

"re

d eye," you can take any or all of the follow-

ing

precautions:

little or no ambient light, the pupil

in

the picture.

1. Ask the subject not to look directly into the lens when

is

the picture

2.

Remove the flash unit from the camera and hold

far away

taken.

as

possible from the camera

by

using a sync

it

as

cord.

3. Increase the room's overall illumination to reduce the opening of the subject's pupils.

is

65

TIPS

-

ON

To

remove dirt or fingerprints, wipe

with a dry soft or silicon-treated

cloth. Never use thinner, benzine or

alcohol, since they might damage the plastic parts. Flash Adapter, wash and water. Never use a brush,

this may damage

SPEEDLIGHT

To

clean the Wide-

it

with soap

it.

CARE---------

-If

you do not plan to use the unit for more than two weeks, remove the batteries to avoid possible damage

by

to the circuitry If leakage should inadvertently occur, take the flash unit to your

as

nearest Nikon authorized service facility.

battery leakage.

To

prevent damage to the flash

unit's electronic circuitry, keep the camera away from places where the temperature is likely to go higher

50°C, such

than of a car do damp the range of

in

not store the unit

pl

aces. U

as inside the trunk

the hot summer

in

exceptionally

se the 88-16 within

-1Q°Crv+50°C.

sun

; also

66

-If

your 88-16 has not been used for a long time, its recycling time may be

longer, condenser by

enabling you to use the 88-16 for

To

maintain the built-in

in

peak condition, there-

many years, fire the flash unit a few times every month, After firing, wait until the ready-light light

s,

then turn off the power switch, remove the batteries, and store the 88-16 a suitable location,

Thi

s will prevent the condenser from deteriorating,

- Keep the flash unit away from salt - Never attempt to disassemble or water and out of the rain, repair the flash yourself. These deli-

cate procedures should an

authorized service facility,

in

be

left to

67

OPTIMUM

BATTERY

PERFORMANCE-------

New batteries. Between manufacturing and first use,

batteries exhibit some drain. Therefore, care should taken

to

purchase the newest (and freshest) ones possi-

ble.

To

help you do this, some manufacturers stamp the date of manufacture your camera dealer for assistance codes. Temperature. Battery life ratings are based at

around 25°C

life

is

shortened. Spare batteries should therefore kept available pated.

Continuous use. Batteries are drained much more quickly

by

continuous use than by intermittent use.

Storage. When not

moved

drain during the period of disuse, store the batteries cool, dry place below 20°C (68°F),

to

prevent damage from leakage.

(7r

if

operation

in

on

the bottom of each battery. Ask

F),

At

other temperatures, battery

in

low temperatures

use, the batteries should

in

interpreting the

on

To

all

be

operation

be

is

antici-

be

re-

minimize

in

Battery brands.

batteries with different model numbers. Also, avoid mixing

new

no

Disposal.

for safety 's sake, never disassemble batteries .

Polarity. When installing batteries, observe the voltage polarities carefully. Reversal of the positive ative occur, take the

NiCd batteries.

NiCd efficiency at low temperatures. However, note that the

recycling time and the number of flashes per battery set are dependent charge they

a

and

be

obtained and battery leakage may occur.

(-)

terminals will result

batteries provide faster recycling time and better

Do

not mix brands of batteries, nor use

old batteries since proper performance will

Do

not dispose of batteries

in

leakage. If leakage should

SB-16

to

your dealer.

In

comparison with regular batteries,

on

the age of the batteries, how much

have

, and their capacities.

by

burning. Also,

(+) and neg-

68

SPECIFICATIONS-------------

(The SB-

16

comb

Unit Coupler AS-8

or AS-9)

main flash unit has the following specifications when

ined

with the

Fla

sh

Electronic construction Automatic silicon· controlled

rectifier and series circuitry

Guide number at ASA/ISO

100 and meters (or at ASAIISO 25 and feet)

At full output: zoom head set at N; with the zoom head set at

32

(52) with the

19

(33)

and Wide· Flash Adapter SW-7 attached

Angle of coverage

60° horizontal and 45° vertical with the zoom head set at N; 78° horizontal and 60° vertical with the zoom head set at WI and Wide· Flash Adapter attached

Flash heads

Two flash heads provided; main

head tilts back 90° with click · stops at the 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° positions and also rotates through

an

arc of 270°, 90° clockwise with click stops at 30°, 60° and 90° positions, and 180° counterclockwise with click·stops at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150° and 180° positions; the

smaller secondary head faces

straight ahead to provide a catchlight for the eyes

Zooming capability

Pos

sible with four settings (T, S, N and WI for 35mm and

85mm

28mm

, 50mm,

lens

WI

Batteries Four 1.5V AA·type alkaline·

Number of flashes and recycling time

(on manual at 25°C)

Battery type Number of Alkaline·manganese approx. NiCd" approx.

'At

possible

..

This

TTL auto exposure

Non-TTL auto exposure

full output; of cour

in

the

data depends

TIL, non·TIL

se,

more flashes

automatic, or

on

brand of battery

se

mangane or four 1

penlight batteries

.2

V AA-type NiCd

batteries recommended

flashes'

10

0 times approx.

40

times approx. 8

Recycling time '

11

and

shorter recycling MD

mode

and

amount of recharging

sec

. minimum

sec.

minimum

tim

Through-the-Iens automatic

posure control when the S8-16A is

combined with the Nikon

F3

-series camera or when the is

S8-168

Nikon

F-301/N2000, film speeds from 400 with the

combined with the

FA

, FE2, F-501/N2020,

FG

or Nikonos-V;

ASAJISO

FA,

FE2, FG

25 to

or Nikonos-V, or ASA/ISO 25 to with F-501/N2020 or

F-3011

N2000; usable aperture range from f/2 to

1122 Automatic exposure control via the front·mounted light sensor; two working apertures depend· ing

on

film speed

(118

and

114 at ASAIISO 100) are usable and identified as A 1 and

A2

es

ex-

1000

are

69

Manual exposure control Synchronization with

motor

driven

camera

x H x

Dimensions (W

D)

SB·16A SB·16B

Full output at M setting Possible at MD setting with 1/16th of full output; guide number

is meters (or and feet) with the zoom head set at N; only main flash fires

approx. approx. 82 mm x

8 at ASA/ISO

13

at ASA/I

82mmx166.5mm

00mm

1

100mm

144

SO

mm x

100

25

x

aM

Weight

SB·16A SB·16B

Accessories

Specifications and designs shown herein are subject to change without notice.

provided

approx. 485g (without batteries) approx. 445g (without batteries) Wide· Flash Adapter SW-7 ; Soft Case

Battery Holder

SS-16

MS

;

-5

70

71

(1IIIro,,)

No

reproduction

(except

made without written authorization from Nippon

in

for brief quotation

any

form

of

this manual,

in

critical articles

in

or

reviews). may

whole or

Kogaku

in

part

be

K.K.

NIPPON KOGAKU K.K.

Fuji

Bldg

.,

Phone:

2-3, Marunouchi 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku,

81-3-214-5311

Telex:

J22601

(NIKON)

Prin ted in Japan

Tokyo

Fax:

8&

137-E06

81

100,

-3-

Japan

201-5856

Nikon SB-16 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual