Nikon D3200 Reference guide (full instructions) [ar]

ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﻲﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

Ar

ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ .Nikon ﻦﻣ (SLR) ﺔﺴﻜﻌﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻴﺣﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻚﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟ ﹰﺍﺮﻜﺷ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺗ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺜﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺘﻟ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺤﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﻚﻴﻤﺳ ﻂﺨﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ

.ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺽﺍﺮﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺴﻔﺘﻟﺍ

.ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻨﺑ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺻﺎﺧ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻠﻟ 9 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ A

.(xiv–ix 0) "ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ" ﺏﺎﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺃﺮﻗﺍ ،ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

D

A

0

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺃ

:ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺴﻔﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ

21

27

31

53

80

88

97

111

193

189

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

................................................ ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ

0

.................ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ

0

i
i

207

......................................... ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

iv

0

.................................... ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

ii

0

.......................................................... ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ

0

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ

ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

(ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ

M ﻭ A ،S ،P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

i
i
i

X
s
!
z
t
x
y
I
Q

i

125

127

133

149

166

167

0

0

0

0

0

0

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

o
i
g
u
w
n

ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

."ﺏﺍﻮﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺴﻟﺍ" ﺱﺮﻬﻓ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ

0

ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

؟ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻓ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻟ ﺬﺧﻷ ﺔﻠﻬﺳﻭ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺳ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻞﻫ24–22

30–27

؟ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺮﺴﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ26–25

55

؟(A ﻊﺿﻭ) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺠﻣ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻬﻇﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺶﻳﻮﺸﺘﻟ ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ

56
58

ﺖﻣﺎﺻ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ) ﺔﺋﺩﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺪﺟﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ

31

؟(S ﻊﺿﻭ) ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺶﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺪﻴﻤﺠﺘﻟ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ

(M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ("ﺓﺪﻤﻟ") ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟

؟(ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ87–80

؟ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻲﻠﺴﻠﺴﺗ ﻝﺪﻌﻤﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻝﺪﻌﻤﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ31

؟ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ33

؟ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ g ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ36–35

؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ40

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣﻭ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

46–44

50–47

؟ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﺣﺄﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﻪﻣﺎﺘﻗ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻋﻮﻄﺳ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ63

؟ﻉﻮﻄﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻈﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ68–67

ﹰ

؟ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ

ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺀﻲﻀﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ

؟ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟"ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ" ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺐﻨﺠﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ

؟ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ89–88

ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

i

i

؟(ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻠﻟ

i

i

i

i

0

108–106

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ97

؟ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ101–98

؟ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ109

؟ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ124–122

؟ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ105

؟ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﻮﻏﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺽﺮﻋ

i

ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ

i

ii

0

؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ165–149

؟"ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ" ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ151

؟RAW (NEF) ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻣ JPEG ﺦﺴﻧ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ157

؟ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻳﻮﻜﺘﻟ ﹰﺎﻌﻣ NEF (RAW) ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﻦﻴﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ156–155

؟ﺔﻴﺘﻳﺯ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ ﺎﻬﻧﺄﻛﻭ ﻭﺪﺒﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ160

؟ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ

ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ96–93

0

128

0

113–111
121–114

144 ،121 ،116

0

176

179

ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ

؟ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ6–5

؟ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ11–9

؟ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﺑ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ137 ،16

؟ﻕﻼﻏﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ140

؟ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ20

؟ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ85

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺳ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ137 ،16

؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ19

؟ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ134 ،

؟ﺓﺭﺎﻔﺻ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺭﺍﺪﺻﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻤﻟ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﻫ141

؟ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ193 ،9

؟ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﻃﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﻱﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ177

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ167

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ (Speedlights) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ172

؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ

؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ

؟ﻖﻓﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺀﺎﻄﻐﺑ ﻞﻌﻓﺃ ﺍﺫﺎﻣ34

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻈﻧﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺡﻼﺻﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ

ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻦﻳﺃ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

iii

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ii...............................................................................................................................................ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

ix ..................................................................................................................................................ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

xi ...............................................................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

1 ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

1 ............................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

1 ......................................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

3 ......................................................................................................................................................... ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

4 .........................................................................................................................................................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ

5 ...................................................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

7 ........................................................................................................................................................ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

9 ........................................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ

10 ..................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

12 ..................................................................................................................................................ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ

12 ..................................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ

13 .....................................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ

14 ........................................................................................................................................................ ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺐﻛﺭ

16 ................................................................................................................................................ﻲﺳﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

18 ..............................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ

19 .........................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ

20 ..............................................................................................................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

21 ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ

21 ....................................................................................................................ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺳﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ

22 .............................................................................. (jﻭ i ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ) "ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﻚﻓﺪﻫ ﺩﺪﺣ" ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

25 ................................................................................................................. (ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ) ﻲﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

25 .......................................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

25 ..........................................................................................................................................ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

25 .........................................................................................................................................................ﻞﻔﻃ

26 ...........................................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ﺏﺎﻌﻟﺃ

26 ........................................................................................................................................................ﺏﺮﻘﻣ

26 ............................................................................................................................ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻟ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

k
l
p
m
n
o

27 ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

27 ...................................................................................................................................................................ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ

28 ..............................................................................................................................................ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ

30 ................................................................................................................................................ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

iv

31 ( ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ

31 ........................................................................................................................................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

33 .........................................................................................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

35 ......................................................................................................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ

35 ............................................................................................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

38 .............................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

40 ..............................................................................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

40 ............................................................................................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

42 ........................................................................................................................................ ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ

44 ...........................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣﻭ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

44 .......................................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

46 ......................................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

47 ................................................................................................................................ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

48 ...................................................................................................................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

51 ....................................................................................................................................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

53 M ﻭ A ،S ،P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

53 ......................................................................................................................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

54 ........................................................................................................................ (ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ) P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

55 ........................................................................................................................ (ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ) S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

56 ...................................................................................................................... (ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﺔﺤﺘﻓ) A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

57 ..................................................................................................................................................(ﻱﻭﺪﻳ) M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

60 ...............................................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

60 ...............................................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ

61 ......................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

63 ................................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

65 ...................................................................................................................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

67 ..................................................................................... ﻝﻼﻈﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ

67 ............................................................................................................................................ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

69 ........................................................................................................................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

71 ..........................................................................................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺘﻟ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ

72 .............................................................................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﺿ

76 ...............................................................................................................................................Picture Controls

76 .....................................................................................................................................Picture Control ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

77 .....................................................................................................................................Picture Control ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

80 ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

80 .................................................................................................. ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ

81 ..................................................................................................... ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ

v

88 ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

88 ......................................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

90 ...................................................................................................................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

92 .........................................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

93 ........................................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ

93 ......................................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ

96 ...................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ

97 ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ

97 ............................................................................................................................................ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

98 ............................................................................................................................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

102 ..........................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ

103 ...................................................................................................................................................ﻢﻳﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

104 ....................................................................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﺯ :ﺔﺑﺮﻘﻣ ﺓﺮﻈﻧ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺇ

105 ...............................................................................................................................ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﺿ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ

106 .........................................................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

106 ............................................................................. ﻢﻳﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ،ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ،ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

107 ...................................................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

109 .....................................................................................................................................................ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ

111 ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

111 .........................................................................................................................................ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

111 .......................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ

112 ...............................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

114 ...................................................................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺻ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

114 .............................................................................................................................................. ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

115 .....................................................................................................................ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻮﻠﺗ ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

117 ..............................................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

120 .................................................................................................... ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ :DPOF ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﻣﺃ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

122 ..................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ

122 ................................................................................................................................. ﻲﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

123 ......................................................................................................................... ﺡﻮﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

125 ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

125 ...............................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ :ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

125 ..............................................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ

126 .............................................................................................................................. ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

126 ...........................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ

126 ..............................................................................................................................................ﺎﻴﻟﻮﻃ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺘﻟﺍ

D

vi

127 .................................................................................................................. ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ :ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

128 ...................................................................................................................... ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

129 .............................................................................................................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

130 .............................................................................................................................ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ

130 .............................................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ

131 .........................................................................................................................................ﺀﺎﺿﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

131 ................................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ

132 ......................................................................................................... ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻠﻟ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ

133 ............................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

134 .......................................................................................................................ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

134 ........................................................................................................................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻄﺳ

134 ...........................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ

136 ................................................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

136 ...............................................................................................................................................ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

136 ........................................................................................................................................ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

137 ......................................................................................................................... ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻴﻗﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ

137 .....................................................................................................................................(Language) ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ

138 .......................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ

138 ..................................................................................................................................ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

139 ...........................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻜﻌﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ

140 ..........................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ

141 ..................................................................................................................................................ﻲﺗﺍﺫ ﺖﻗﺆﻣ

141 ..................................................................................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻣ

141 ................................................................................................................................................ﺮﻴﻔﺻ ﺕﻮﺻ

142 ...............................................................................................................................................ﻯﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ

142 ................................................................................................................................. ﻒﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﺴﻠﺴﺗ

143 ...............................................................................................................................................................ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ

144 .........................................................................................................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻞﻔﻗ

144 ............................................................................................................................................ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

146 ............................................................................................................................................ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ

147 .............................................................................................................................................................GPS

148 ...........................................................................................................................................Eye-Fi ﻞﻴﻤﺤﺗ

148 .............................................................................................................................ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ

149 ...........................................................................................................ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ :ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

150 ....................................................................................................................................... ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

151 ................................................................................................................................................. D-Lighting

151 ............................................................................................................................ ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ

152 .........................................................................................................................................................ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ

152 .................................................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ

153 .........................................................................................................................................ﺢﺷﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺆﻣ

154 ...................................................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

155 .............................................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺍﺮﺗ

157 ................................................................................................................................NEF (RAW) ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻣ

158 ............................................................................................................................................. ﻢﺠﺤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

C

B

N

vii

159 ...............................................................................................................................................ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ

159 ..........................................................................................................................................................ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

159 ..........................................................................................................................................ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ

160 .............................................................................................................................................ﺔﻜﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻋ

160 ............................................................................................................................................. ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ

160 .............................................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻂﻄﺨﻣ

161 ...............................................................................................................................................ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ

162 .................................................................................................................................................ﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

163 .................................................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

165 ...............................................................................................................................ﺐﻨﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﺒﻨﺟ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ

166 ........................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

m

167 ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

167 .......................................................................................................................................ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

167 ................................................................................................ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

169 .................................................................................................ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻣ CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺠﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻋ

172 .....................................................................................................(Speedlights) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ

173 ......................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ (CLS) ﻲﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ

176 ...........................................................................................................................................ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

177 .............................................................................................................................ﺓﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ

178 .............................................................................................. ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

179 .............................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

179 .............................................................................................................................................................ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ

179 ..........................................................................................................................................................ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ

180 ..........................................................................................................................ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﺷﺮﻣ

184 ...........................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ :ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

184 .............................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

185 ............................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

187 ............................................................................................................................................ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

188 .......................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﻌﺳ

189 ......................................................................................................................ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ

189 .................................................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

189 .....................................................................................................................................(ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻞﻛ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

191 ......................................................................................................................................(M ،A ،S ،P) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

191 .................................................................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻋ

192 ..............................................................................................................................................ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﻞﻛﺎﺸﻣ

193 ...................................................................................................................................................ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ

196 .......................................................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ

206 ...................................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﻋ

207 .............................................................................................................................................................ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ

viii

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺮﻄﺨﻟ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﺑ ﺭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺤﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍ .ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﺤﺗ

ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻗﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻝﺪﻳ

.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﻆﻔﺤﺗ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

ﺪﻗ ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ ،ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﺇ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ

ﻉﻼﺘﺑﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺮﻄﺨﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﺗ

ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﺃ ﻞﻔﻃ

.ﺭﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻴﺒﻃ

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻔﺗ ﻻ

ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﺲﻤﻟ

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻠﺼﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻞﻄﻋ ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ

ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻫﺆﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ

،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺙﺩﺎﺤﻟ ﻭﺃ ﻁﻮﻘﺴﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺋﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺭﻮﻬﻇﻭ

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ

ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ

ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺗ

ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ A

ﺪﻗ ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻒﻟ

.ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻼﻟ ﻪﺿﺮﻌﻳ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺣﺎﺷ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﻣﻼﺗ ﻻ

.ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺍ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ

ﻕﻭﺮﺤﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ

.ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﺑ

ﺔﺒﻛﺮﻣ ﻖﺋﺎﺳ ﻮﺤﻧ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻻ

.ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

A

ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟﺍ

ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ

ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ

A

ﻦﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ

ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺍﺩ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ

ﻦﻴﻌﻤﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﻚﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺭﺬﺣ ﻦﻛ

ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻨﻴﻌﺑ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﻞﻄﻋ ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

A

ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧﺍ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

،(ﺩﺮﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ) ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ

ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﻕﻭﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺐﻨﺠﺘﻟ ﺭﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﺧﻮﺗ

ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ

A

ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ

،ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ A

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﺗ ﻻ

.ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺎﺑ ﻚﻨﻴﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻌﺑﺎﺻﺃ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﻻ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺚﻴﺣ

A

ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ❚❚

A

.ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

A

ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ

A

ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ

،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ

A

ix

ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ •

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ

ﺓﺪﺘﻤﻣ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﻉﺰﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻃ

.ﺩﺮﺒﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺎﻬﻛﺮﺗﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ •

.ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺃ

ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﹰﺎﻓﺎﺟ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ •

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ

ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺾﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺒﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ •

ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺮﺗﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ •

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻤﻟﺍ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻓﺎﺟ ﺵﺎﻤﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ

ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺭ ﺔﻔﺻﺎﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﺘﻘﺗ ﻻ •

ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻠﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺪﻳﺄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ •

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ

ﻦﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻻ •

ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻄﻟﻮﻓ

ﻒﻠﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺝﺮﺨﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﺒﻘﻤﺑ ﻙﻼﺳﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ
ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ
.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﺟﺃ

ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﻭﺃ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ

.ﺹﺍﺮﻗﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻐﺸﺗ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ

.ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﺣ ﺪﻘﻓ

.(ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ

.ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺳ ﻲﻓ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ

ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ

ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﺒﺘﻧﺍ A

ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •

.ﻕﻭﺮﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺀﺎﻴﺷﺃ

ﻪﺒﻴﺼﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻦﻴﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •

ﻲﺧﻮﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺖﻗﺆﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ

ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻊﺿﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺬﺤﻟﺍ

.ﻑﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻞﻘﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ

A

ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ A

ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ

ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﺲﻤﻟ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗﻭ ﺭﻮﺴﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

.ﻢﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻮﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ

ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ

ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺎﻬﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ

:ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ

ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ

ﻭﺃ (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ •

ﺍﺫﺇ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ

.ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﺖﻨﻛ

.ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻮﻠﻘﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻝﻭﺎﺤﺗ ﻻ •

.ﺔﻃﺮﻔﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻻ •

A

ﻞﻘﻨﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ •

ﻭﺃ ﺪﺋﻼﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃ ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺨﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻐﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺿﺮﻋ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ •

ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ

A

ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ •

.ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺮﻤﻐﺗ ﻻ •

.ﺮﻌﺸﻟﺍ ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ ﻦﻣ

.ﻑﺎﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺧﻭ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

A

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﻜﻜﻔﺗ

ﺪﻛﺄﺗ •

x

ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﺗ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ •

.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﻝﺎﻤﻛﻭ ﺔﻗﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺩﻮﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻝﺬﺑ ﻢﺗ ﻦﻴﺣ ﻲﻓ •

ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺈﺑ ﺐﺣﺮﻧ ﺎﻨﻧﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ

ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﻓﺎﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﻱﺃ

.(ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ)

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻ •

ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺰﺨﺗ ،ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻳﻮﺤﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ

ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻱﺄﺑ ،ﻞﻜﺷ ﻱﺄﺑ ﺔﻐﻟ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺟﺮﺗ

.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ

ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻖﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻆﻔﺘﺤﺗ •

ﺖﻗﻭ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺎﺑ

.ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﺭﺎﻄﺧﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑﻭ

xi

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ

ﺢﺳﺎﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﻢﺗ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﺑ ﻅﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺩﺮﺠﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ

.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ،ﻲﺋﻮﺿ

ﹰ

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ •

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺪﺻﺃ

،ﻢﻬﺳﻷﺍ) ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻠﻟ

ﺕﺎﻛﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ،(

ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻰﻧﺩﻷﺍ ﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ

ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ،ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ .ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ

ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺺﺧﺮﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺍﻮﺟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ

ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ،ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻛﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ

ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑﻭ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻮﻬﻟﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺩﺪﺤﺗ
ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

،ﺔﻴﺒﺸﺨﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺣﻮﻠﻟﺍ ،ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﻤﻟﺍ ،ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ

ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻔﻟﺍ

ﺦﻟﺇ ،ﺎﻳﺍﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺎﺴﻗ ،ﺕﺎﻜﻴﺸﻟﺍ ،ﺮﻴﺗﺍﻮﻔﻟﺍ

.ﺕﺎﺒﺟﻮﻟﺍ

ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍ ،ﻂﺋﺍﺮﺨﻟﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ

.ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻕﺮﺧ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﻏ

ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﻻﺍ •

ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﺎﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ •

،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺪﻴﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﺗ ﻻ

،ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ

ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ «ﺔﻨﻴﻋ» ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻢﺗ ﻮﻟﻭ ﻰﺘﺣ

.ﺎﻬﺋﺎﺸﻧﺇ

ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

.ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻜﺻ ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺪﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﺔﻳﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

.ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺛﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ

xii

ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻑﺬﺤﻳ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ

ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻤﻳﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﻲﺋﺎﻬﻧ

ﺔﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻘﺗ .ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺳﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺎﻣ ،ﹰﺎﻳﺭﺎﺠﺗ

.ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ

ﺊﻴﻫ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻑﺬﺤﻟ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺺﺨﺸﻟ ﻪﺘﻴﻜﻠﻣ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ .(ﺔﻏﺭﺎﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﺳ ﺭﻮﺻ ،ﻝﺎﺜﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ) ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﻻ ﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﻸﻣﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ

ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺮﻴﻣﺪﺗ

ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ .(72 0 ) ﻖﺒﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻠﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻢﺗ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻱﺃ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻣ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ

AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ

ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ AVC P

ATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻤﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻢﺗ

ﺱﺭﺎﻤﻳ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻣ ﻩﺰﻴﻣﺮﺘﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ ﻚﻓ (ii) ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ("AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ") AVC ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﺎﹰﻘﻓﻭ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ (i) ﺽﺮﻐﺑ

ﻢﺘﻳ ﻦﻟﻭ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺢﻨﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻ .AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﺑ ﻪﻟ ﺺﹼﺧﺮﻣ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﺎﹰﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﹰﻃﺎﺸﻧ

ﻊﻗﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺭ .L.L.C ،MPEG LA ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﺮﺧﺁ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻷ ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻀﺗ

http://www.mpegla.com

xiii

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ .ﺪﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗﻭ ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻢﺗ

(ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ،ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺑ) ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ

ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﻤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ

.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﻤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺭﺎﻌﺷ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺷ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻦﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ-ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ

،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ

.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻉﺯﻮﻤﺑ ﻞﺼﺗﺍ ،ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ D

ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ

.ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﻤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ

.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ

ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﻭﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ

.ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ،ﺭﺮﺷ ﺭﻭﺪﺻ

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ D

ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﺻﺃ ﻉﺯﻮﻣ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺺﺤﻔﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺢﺼﻨﺗ .ﻱﺭﻭﺩ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺗﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺗ ﻭﺫ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﺳﺭ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ) ﻡﺍﻮﻋﺃ ﺲﻤﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺙﻼﺛ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﻧﺎﻴﺻﻭ ،ﻦﻴﻣﺎﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻣﺪﺧ

ﺐﺠﻳ .ﻑﺮﺘﺤﻣ ﻲﻨﻬﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺺﺤﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ .(ﺔﻣﺪﺨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ

ﺺﺤﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻱﺃ ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻭﺃ

ﺔﻤﻬﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ A

ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﻳﺮﺠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍ ،(ﺔﻠﺣﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺎﻓﺰﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻔﺣ ﻞﺜﻣ) ﺔﻣﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﺤﺗ ﺪﻗ ﺮﺋﺎﺴﺧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ .ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻋ

ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ،ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﺩ ﻢﻋﺩ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟ "ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ" ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺠﻛ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻳﻮﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺣ

http://www.nikonusa.com/ :ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •

http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/ :ﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺇﻭ ﺎﺑﻭﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •

http://www.nikon-asia.com/ :ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺳﻮﻧﺎﻴﻗﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ

ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧﻭ ،(FAQs) ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻸﻟ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺟﺇ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ،ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﺪﺣﺄﺑ ﻡﺎﻤﻟﻺﻟ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ

ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ .ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﺑ

http://imaging.nikon.com/ :ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ

A

•

xiv

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

X

ﺮﻴﺷﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺪﺠﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺷﺎﺷﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﺘﻌﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺢﻨﻣﺍ

.ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻟ ﻚﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻉﻮﺟﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

12

22

23

13

14

15
16

17

18

19

20

21

10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

11

X

24

25

26

27

28

29

ﺵﻼﻓ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟ) ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

172 ........................................... (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

177 ،91 ......... ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟ ﻞﹼﺻﻮﻣ

A/V ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺒﻛ ﻞﺻﻮﻣﻭ USB

112 .....................ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

114 ......................ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

122 .................... ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

123 ................ ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻑﺮﻄﺑ HDMI ﻞﱢﺻﻮﻣ

177 ..................... ﻲﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺬﻔﻨﻣ

1

47 .....................................ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ

25

26

47 .................................. ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

27

66 ..............................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

92 ................................................... ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺳ

43 ............... (E) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

28

88 ............................................... ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ

29

143 ،8 .................... Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

14 .......................................ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

15 ................................... ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ

182 ........................................................ﺓﺁﺮﻣ

43 ..........................ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

172 ........................ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﺐﻘﺛ

Y/M

ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

3 ............................................ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

12
13

ﺭﺯ

85 ،6 .................................

14

64 ........... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

15

57 ................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ

66 ..............................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

16

24 .......................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ

17

2 ..........................................ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

18

88 .....................................ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺭﺯ

19

37 ........................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ

20

33 .........................ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

49 ..............ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

21

33 ...

(ﻲﻣﺎﻣﺃ) ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺔﻌﺷﺃ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣ

22
23
24

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﺐﻘﺛ

(ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ) ﺭﺯ

N/E

ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
CPU ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻣ

1
2
3

R

4

ﺭﺯ

5
6
7
8

9
10
11

(ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

31 .................................. ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

33 ............................... ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ

33 ................. ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ

ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

23 ،18 ......................................................

ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻞﺻﻮﻤﻟ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

178 ............................................. ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

13 ...............

13 ..........................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

106 ...............ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

13 .......................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

#/E/s

O

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

1

18

ﺭﺯ

5 .................. (ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﺭﺯ) P ﺭﺯ

ﻞﺟﺭﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺲﺒﻘﻣ

20 ................................. ﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﺑ

19

143 ،41 ......... (L) A ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

20

105 .......... ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﺿ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ

7 .......................................... ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

21
22

80 ..................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

23

88 ................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻓ

10 ................................ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

24

18 ................. ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

10 .........................................(ﻖﻓﺍﻮﻣ) ﺭﺯ

11

12

23

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ

L/A

a

13

14

15
16
17

18

19

20

21

22

34 ............................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺔﺳﺪﻋ

9

10

33 ...

(ﻲﻔﻠﺧ) ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺔﻌﺷﺃ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣ

11

5.................................ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

12

ﺭﺯ

80 ..................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

97 ...................... ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

13
14

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

97 ............................................... ﺽﺮﻋ

125 ،9 .................................... ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ

15
16

104 ............................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺒﻜﺗ

17

J

102 ................................ ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ

104 .............................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻐﺼﺗ

9.........................................ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ

24

ﻲﻃﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻴﻋ ﻥﺎﺠﻨﻓ

ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

K

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

G

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

X

Q/W

X

1
2
3
4

5

6

7

8

ﺭﺯ

ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

A

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺭﺩﺃ.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﻹ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺭﺩﺃ

ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ

A

ﻢﺘﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻣ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ

.ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺠﺴﺗ

2

X

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

:

ﻊﺿﻭﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ

g

M ﻭ A ،S ،P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

(54 0) ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ—P

(27 0)

ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻗ

.ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

.ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﺏﻮﺻ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﻂﻴﺴﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

(ﺄﻔﻄﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻙﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ .ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﱢﺪﻌﺗ

j •

(22 0)

(26 0) ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ﺏﺎﻌﻟﺃ

(26 0) ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻟ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

(22 0) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

(26 0) ﺏﺮﻘﻣ

g

m •
n •
o •

ﻊﺿﻭ

i •

(55 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ—S

(56 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ—A

(57 0) ﻱﻭﺪﻳ—M

ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

.ﻩﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻳﺮﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻟﺍ

(25 0) ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ

(25 0) ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

(25 0) ﻞﻔﻃ

p •

k •
l •

•

•

•

•

(ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

ﺪﻨﻋ (85 0 ؛"ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ") ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ j ﻭﺃ i ﻦﻴﻌﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

.ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

3

A

ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ

1

24 ........................ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

54 ............................ﻥﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

57 ...................... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

64 ...... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

142 ...........................ﻲﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ

65 .......................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

63 ........ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

129 ............ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

193 ......................................ﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

2 3

9

21 ....................... ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

10
11

12
13
14

ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

32 .................. ﺔﻄﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺀﻼﺘﻣﺍ

72 ................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

63 ......... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

65 ........................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

51 ....................................... ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ) “K”

21 ......................(ﺔﻄﻘﻟ 1000 ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﻷ

15

6 8411597

1210

13

40 .............................. ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ

7

42 ،23 ......................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

61 .....................................(AE) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ

57 ،55 .................................. ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

57 ،56 ................................(f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ

8

21 ...................................... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

X

1514

1
2
3

4
5
6

ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ

D

.ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻉﻮﻄﺳﻭ ﺔﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﺗ ﺪﻗ

4

X

P

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺓﺮﻣ P ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﻳﺪﻌﺗﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻠﻇ .ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﻼﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﺀﺍﺮﺟﻹ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ

.ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ J ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ

23
24
25

26
27
28

29

30

1

2
3

4
5

6

7

148 9 10 11 12 13

15

222120

48 ...........................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

65 ......................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

63 ....................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

44 .......................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

46 ......................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

69 ...........................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

51 ....................................... ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

31 ...........................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

81 ،35 ........................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

82 ،38 ......................................................

60 .................................................. ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ

144 .......................... ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

20

129 ............ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

21

67 ............................... ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

22

76 .................................... Picture Control

23

141 ....................... "ﺮﻴﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺻ" ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

24

21 ...................................... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

25

147 ...............................

26

193 ......................................ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺰﻣﺭ

27

57 ...................... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

28

64 ........ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

29

21 ........................ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

72 ................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

30

ﺮﺜﻛﻷ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ) “K”

21 ................................(ﺔﻄﻘﻟ 1000 ﻦﻣ

GPS ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

16 17 19

9

10

22 ..................(ﺄﻔﻄﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

11

25 ................................. ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

12

27 ........................................ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

13

53 .......................M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

57 ،56 ................................(f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ

14

57 ،55 .................................. ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

15

6 .................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺽﺮﻋ

16

6 ........................................... ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

17

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

18

38 ..............................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ

38 .....................ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﺐﻘﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

40 .............................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ

19

148 ...........................Eye-Fi ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

132 ................................ ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻟ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

175 ..........................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ

18

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

/ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

i
j

1

2
3
4
5
6

7
8

5

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺀﺎﻔﺧﺇ

ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻖﻠﻐﺗ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ .R ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﻹ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺪﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ) ﻥﺍﻮﺛ 8 ﻲﻟﺍﻮﺣ ﺓﺪﻤﻟ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻱﺃ

.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣ R ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .(140 ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ

A

X

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺔﻘﻠﻐﻣ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻢﺘﻴﺳ ،°90 ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ

ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺷ

.ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺴﻟ ﺔﻳﺮﺼﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ

ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ،ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

.(ﺮﻴﻐﺻ

.ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ،ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ

ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ .(134 0) ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ

ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ .(136 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

.84 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺿﻭﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ

ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ،ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

R

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

ﹰ

ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

A

A

.(ﺮﻴﺒﻛ

A

6

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﺽﺮﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

.ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

(Y) M ﺭﺯ

X

(N) E ﺭﺯ

Fn ﺭﺯ

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﺔﻋﺮﺳﻭ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

.(54 0 ؛P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ

P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

.(57 ،55 0 ﻭﺃ M ﻭﺃ S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ)

M ﻭﺃ S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

.(56 0 ؛A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ)

A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

.(57 0 ؛M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ)

+

M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ(N) E ﺭﺯﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

7

+

ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

؛A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ)

.(63

0

A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ(N) E ﺭﺯﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

+

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

(51 0) ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

.(49 0) ﺵﻼﻓ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

+

(Y) M

ﺭﺯ

.(65 0 ؛M ﻭﺃ A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﻝﺪﻋ

++

(N) E ﺭﺯﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ،Fn ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ < ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﺑ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ،(143 0) ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

ﺭﺯ

M ﻭﺃ A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P(Y) M

:ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇﻭ Fn

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ/ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

(44 0)

X

(69 0) ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ(67 0) ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

8

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ

ﻦﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ

.G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ .ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻝﻼﺧ

X

G

d

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

(149 0) ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ :

(166 0) ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ :

ﺐﻳﻮﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻼﻋ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

•

N

•

m

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻗﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻦﻴﺒﻳ

.ﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﺬﺋﺪﻨﻋ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ،ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﺳﺃ ﺮﺴﻳﻷﺍ ﻦﻛﺮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ d ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺗ ﺍﺫﺇ

ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻴﺳ .(Q) W ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻠﻟ ﻒﺻﻭ

(125 0) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ :

(127 0) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :

(133 0) ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ :

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ

.ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺮﻳﺮﻤﺘﻠﻟ 3 ﻭﺃ

D •
C •

B •

1

(Q) W

ﺭﺯ

.(27 0)

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺭﺩﺃ ،ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ

g

ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

A

9

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟ J ﺭﺰﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﻳ

ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ :J ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

G

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻐﻟﻺﻟ

ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻳ ﻭﺃ ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻳ

ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﻞﻔﺳﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﻳ

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺗﺍ

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻠﻇ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺘﻟ 4 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ 3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺍ

.ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

X

1

2

3

10

X

.ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﻊﺿ

.ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻮﻟ 2 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻞﻠﻇ

.ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺘﻟ 3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﺽﺮﻋﺍ

.ﻩﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻢﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ 2 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻞﻠﻇ

.ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺪﺣﺃ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺘﻟ 3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

،ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺝﻭﺮﺨﻠﻟ .ﻞﻠﻈﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ J ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

4

5

6

7

8

11

:ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻆﺣﻻ

.ﻲﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻱﺩﺎﻣﺭ ﻥﻮﻠﺑ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ

ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ ،J ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺲﻔﻧ ﻪﻟ ﹰﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏ 2 ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ

.J ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ

.(24 0) ﺔﻄﻐﺿ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺝﻭﺮﺨﻠﻟ

•

•

•

ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ

ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ .(ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻣ) EN-EL14 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﺗ

ﺓﺪﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺗ .ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ MH-24 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﻖﻓﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺣﺎﺷ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ ،ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺓﺮﺘﻓ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﺤﺷ ﻢﺘﻴﻟ ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ 30 ﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺳ 1

ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺊﻳﺎﻬﻣ

ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻳ .ﺀﺍﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻗ ﺊﻳﺎﻬﻣ ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ

ﺲﺑﺎﻗ ﻊﻓﺭﺍ ،ﺲﺑﺎﻗ ﺊﻳﺎﻬﻣ ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺀﺍﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻝﻮﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻜﺷ

.ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺧﺩﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺊﻳﺎﻬﻣ ﻞﺻﻭﻭ ﻂﺋﺎﺤﻟﺍ

.ﻪﻓﻼﺗﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺊﻳﺎﻬﻣ ﻉﺰﻨﻟ ﺓﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ

.ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ

.ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺤﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﺢﺿﻮﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷ

ﻦﺤﺷ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻦﻟ .ﻡ°35–5 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﻮﺟﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ

.ﻡ°60 ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻡ°0 ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ ﺎﻬﺗﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

D

.ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻭ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺀﻂﺒﺑ (ﻦﺤﺷ) CHARGE ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ ﺾﻣﻮﻴﺳ

ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ

ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﺗ ﻻ

ﻦﻴﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﻛﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﹰﺍﺪﺟ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ

.ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺑ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺒﻛﺭﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ .ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻢﻟ

D

A

1

2

3

X

ﻦﺤﺷ ﻱﺭﺎﺟ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﻝﺎﻤﺘﻛﺍ
ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ

.ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﻛﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ

ﺝﺮﺧﺃﻭ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ .ﺾﻴﻣﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ (ﻦﺤﺷ) CHARGE ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻤﺘﻜﺗ

4

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

12

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ

X

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

w

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇﻭ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ

.ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ ﹰﺎﻤﺋﺍﺩ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﺠﺗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺢﺘﻓﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ (w) ﺢﺘﻓﺍ ﻢﺛ (q) ﺀﺎﻄﻐﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺭﺮﺣ

q

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ

ﻊﻣ ،(e) ﺢﺿﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻂﻐﻀﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

e

ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﺒﺜﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻳ .ﺎﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﻲﻟﺎﻘﺗﺮﺒﻟﺍ
.ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻟﺎﺧﺩﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﺠﺗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺝﺍﺮﺧﺇ

ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺢﺘﻓﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

.ﺪﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺳﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ ﻢﻬﺴﻟﺍ

1

A

2

3

4

A

ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ 186-184 ﻭ x–xi ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺗﺍﻭ ﺃﺮﻗﺍ

ﻞﻘﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻋ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻠﻘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﺗﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ؛ﻡ°40 ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻡ°0 ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ

ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻡ°60 ﻰﺘﺣ ﻡ°45 ﻦﻣﻭ ﻡ°15 ﻰﺘﺣ ﻡ°0 ﻦﻣ

ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ (ﹰﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺛ ﺾﻴﻣﻮﻟﺍ ﻱﺃ) (ﻦﺤﺷ) CHARGE ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻤﻟ ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺾﻴﻣﻮﻟﺍ

ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺒﻛﺭﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍﻭ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ

.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ Nikon ﺔﻣﺪﺧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺋﺰﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺋﺎﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺍﻭ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﻻﺍ

.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺽﺎﻔﺨﻧﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﺸﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻦﺤﺷ ﻝﻭﺎﺤﺗ ﻻ

.ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ .ﻂﻘﻓ ﻪﻌﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻓ ﺪﻳﺰﺗﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺳ

13

D

ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺐﻛﺭ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ .ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﺑﺮﺗﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻝﻮﺧﺩ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ

.AF-S DX NIKKOR 55–18

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ

f/3.5–5.6G VR II ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﻟ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ
ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻠﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

(15 0) ﺐﺤﺴﻠﻟ

ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

(87 ،42 0) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻠﺣ

(24 0) ﻡﻭﺰﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻠﺣ

(168 0) CPU ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻣ

ﻲﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

(ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ) A-M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

(203 0) ﺯﺍﺰﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ/ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﻢﺴﺟ ﺀﺎﻄﻏﻭ ﻲﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

.ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ

ﺔﻳﺫﺎﺤﻣ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻞﻌﺟﺍ

ﻊﺿ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻌﻟ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻦﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﺣﺍ .(q) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﻩﺎﺠﺗﺍ ﺲﻜﻋ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻒﻟ ،ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

ﺓﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻘﺘﺴﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﻋ

.(w) ﺓﺮﻘﻧ ﺕﻮﺻ

X

1

2

3

ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ) A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ A-M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﻞﻘﻧﺍ

ﺮﺘﺧﺍ ،M/A-M ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ؛ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ

.(ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻊﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟ M/A

.(203 0) ﺯﺍﺰﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺺﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟ (ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ) ON ﺮﺘﺧﺍ ،(VR) ﺯﺍﺰﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻤﺑ ﺓﺩﻭﺰﻣ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻥﺇ

14