This device is intended for use only by qualified medical personnel.
Use only Nihon Kohden approved products with this device. Use of non-approved
products or in a non-approved manner may affect the performance specifications of
the device. This includes, but is not limited to, batteries, recording paper, pens,
extension cables, electrode leads, input boxes and AC power.
Please read these precautions thoroughly before attempting to operate the instrument.
1.To safely and effectively use the instrument, its operation must be fully understood.
2.When installing or storing the instrument, take the following precautions:
(1) Avoid moisture or contact with water, extreme atmospheric pressure, excessive
humidity and temperatures, poorly ventilated areas, and dust, saline or sulphuric air.
(2) Place the instrument on an even, level floor. Avoid vibration and mechanical shock,
even during transport.
(3) Avoid placing in an area where chemicals are stored or where there is danger of gas
leakage.
(4) The power line source to be applied to the instrument must correspond in frequency
and voltage to product specifications, and have sufficient current capacity.
(5) Choose a room where a proper grounding facility is available.
3.Before Operation
(1) Check that the instrument is in perfect operating order.
(2) Check that the instrument is grounded properly.
(3) Check that all cords are connected properly.
(4) Pay extra attention when the instrument is in combination with other instruments to
avoid misdiagnosis or other problems.
(5) All circuitry used for direct patient connection must be doubly checked.
(6) Check that battery level is acceptable and battery condition is good when using battery-
operated models.
4.During Operation
(1) Both the instrument and the patient must receive continual, careful attention.
(2) Turn power off or remove electrodes and/or transducers when necessary to assure the
patient’s safety.
(3) Avoid direct contact between the instrument housing and the patient.
5.To Shutdown After Use
(1) Turn power off with all controls returned to their original positions.
(2) Remove the cords gently; do not use force to remove them.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PAi
(3) Clean the instrument together with all accessories for their next use.
6.The instrument must receive expert, professional attention for maintenance and
repairs. When the instrument is not functioning properly, it should be clearly
marked to avoid operation while it is out of order.
7.The instrument must not be altered or modified in any way.
8.Maintenance and Inspection:
(1) The instrument and parts must undergo regular maintenance inspection at least every 6
months.
(2) If stored for extended periods without being used, make sure prior to operation that the
instrument is in perfect operating condition.
(3) Technical information such as parts list, descriptions, calibration instructions or other
information is available for qualified user technical personnel upon request from your
Nihon Kohden distributor.
9.When the instrument is used with an electrosurgical instrument, pay careful
attention to the application and/or location of electrodes and/or transducers to avoid
possible burn to the patient.
10. When the instrument is used with a defibrillator, make sure that the instrument is
protected against defibrillator discharge. If not, remove patient cables and/or
transducers from the instrument to avoid possible damage.
iiOperator's Manual ZM-940PA
WARRANTY POLICY
Nihon Kohden Corporation (NKC) shall warrant its products against all defects in materials and
workmanship for one year from the date of delivery. However, consumable materials such as
recording paper, ink, stylus and battery are excluded from the warranty.
NKC or its authorized agents will repair or replace any products which prove to be defective
during the warranty period, provided these products are used as prescribed by the operating
instructions given in the operator’s and service manuals.
No other party is authorized to make any warranty or assume liability for NKC’s products.
NKC will not recognize any other warranty, either implied or in writing. In addition, service,
technical modification or any other product change performed by someone other than NKC or
its authorized agents without prior consent of NKC may be cause for voiding this warranty.
Defective products or parts must be returned to NKC or its authorized agents, along with an
explanation of the failure. Shipping costs must be pre-paid.
This warranty does not apply to products that have been modified, disassembled, reinstalled or
repaired without Nihon Kohden approval or which have been subjected to neglect or accident,
damage due to accident, fire, lightning, vandalism, water or other casualty, improper installation
or application, or on which the original identification marks have been removed.
In the USA and Canada other warranty policies may apply.
CAUTION
United States law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
Equipment Authorization Requirement
Operation of this equipment requires the prior coordination with a frequency coordinator
designated by FCC for the Wireless Medical Telemetry Service.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PAiii
EMC RELATED CAUTION
This equipment and/or system complies with IEC 60601-2 International Standard
for electromagnetic compatibility for medical electrical equipment and/or
system. However, an electromagnetic environment that exceeds the limits or
levels stipulated in IEC 60601-1-2, can cause harmful interference to the
equipment and/or system or cause the equipment and/or system to fail to
perform its intended function or degrade its intended performance. Therefore,
during the operation of the equipment and/or system, if there is any undesired
deviation from its intended operational performance, you must avoid, identify
and resolve the adverse electromagnetic effect before continuing to use the
equipment and/or system.
The following describes some common interference sources and remedial
actions:
1.Strong electromagnetic interference from a nearby emitter source such as an
authorized radio station or cellular phone:
Install the equipment and/or system at another location. Keep the emitter
source such as cellular phone away from the equipment and/or system, or
turn off the cellular phone.
2.Radio-frequency interference from other equipment through the AC power
supply of the equipment and/or system:
Identify the cause of this interference and if possible remove this interference
source. If this is not possible, use a different power supply.
3.Effect of direct or indirect electrostatic discharge:
Make sure all users and patients in contact with the equipment and/or system
are free from direct or indirect electrostatic energy before using it. A humid
room can help lessen this problem.
4.Electromagnetic interference with any radio wave receiver such as radio or
television:
If the equipment and/or system interferes with any radio wave receiver, locate
the equipment and/or system as far as possible from the radio wave receiver.
5.Interference of lightning
When lightning occurs near the location where the equipment and/or system is
installed, it may induce an excessive voltage in the equipment and/or system.
In such a case, disconnect the AC power cord from the equipment and/or
system and operate the equipment and/or system by battery power, or use an
uninterruptible power supply.
ivOperator's Manual ZM-940PA
6.Use with other equipment
When the equipment and/or system is adjacent to or stacked with other
equipment, the equipment and/or system may affect the other equipment.
Before use, check that the equipment and/or system operates normally with
the other equipment.
7.Use of unspecified accessory, transducer and/or cable
When an unspecified accessory, transducer and/or cable is connected to this
equipment and/or system, it may cause increased electromagnetic emission
or decreased electromagnetic immunity. The specified configuration of this
equipment and/or system complies with the electromagnetic requirements
with the specified configuration. Only use this equipment and/or system with
the specified configuration.
8.Use of unspecified configuration
When the equipment and/or system is used with the unspecified system
configuration different than the configuration of EMC testing, it may cause
increased electromagnetic emission or decreased electromagnetic immunity.
Only use this equipment and/or system with the specified configuration.
9.Measurement with excessive sensitivity
The equipment and/or system is designed to measure bioelectrical signals
with a specified sensitivity. If the equipment and/or system is used with
excessive sensitivity, artifact may appear by electromagnetic interference
and this may cause mis-diagnosis. When unexpected artifact appears, inspect
the surrounding electromagnetic conditions and remove this artifact source.
If the above suggested remedial actions do not solve the problem, consult your
Nihon Kohden distributor or representative for additional suggestions.
This equipment complies with International Standard IEC 60601-1-2 (1993) which
requires CISPR11, Group 1, Class B. Class B EQUIPMENT is equipment suitable
for use in domestic establishments and in establishments directly connected to
a low voltage power supply network which supplies buildings used for domestic
purposes.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PAv
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viOperator's Manual ZM-940PA
Conventions Used in this Manual and Instrument
Warnings, Cautions and Notes
Warnings, cautions and notes are used in this manual to alert or signal the reader to specific
information.
WARNING
A warning alerts the user to the possible injury or death associated with the use
or misuse of the instrument.
CAUTION
A caution alerts the user to possible injury or problems with the instrument
associated with its use or misuse such as instrument malfunction, instrument
failure, damage to the instrument, or damage to other property.
NOTE
A note provides specific information, in the form of recommendations,
prerequirements, alternative methods or supplemental information.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PAvii
Explanations of the Symbols in this Manual and Instrument
The following symbols found in this manual/instrument bear the respective descriptions as
given.
On Panel
SymbolDescriptionSymbolDescription
Defibrillation proof type BF
applied part
Defibrillation proof type CF
applied part
Attention, consult operator’s
manual
Direction for attaching
battery cover
Inside Battery Case
Direct current
Serial number
Year of manufacture
CSA mark
SymbolDescriptionSymbolDescription
Battery position
On LCD
Attention, consult operator’s
manual
SymbolDescriptionSymbolDescription
Full battery
Replace battery
NIBP cannot be measured
Replace batteryCheck electrode
viiiOperator's Manual ZM-940PA
Introduction
The ZM-940PA transmitter transmits ECG, respiration, SpO2, NIBP and pulse waveform from
a patient to a Nihon Kohden monitor for continuous monitoring. The transmitter can change
channels when connected to the QI-901PK channel writer. The front LCD displays SpO
NIBP, pulse rate, pulse waveform amplitude, electrode condition mark, battery condition and
NIBP measuring mode and interval.
Read the operator’s manual for the receiving monitor together with this manual before operation.
CAUTION
• Do not use the same channel for different patients. Otherwise, two patients’
data will be lost due to mutual modulation interference, or another patient’s
data may appear on the receiving monitor screen.
• Do not use transmitters of adjacent channels in a hospital. Otherwise, radio
waves from one transmitter affect the receiver of the adjacent channel’s
transmitter and there may be interference.
• Do not use the same transmitter on more than one patient at the same time.
Do not connect different sensors on different patients to the same transmitter.
NOTE
• To prevent interference between channels, assign a channel administrator in
the hospital and only he or she should manage channel assignment.
• Use Nihon Kohden parts and accessories to assure maximum performance
from your instrument.
• For stable signal reception, it is recommended to use a diversity antenna
system on the receiving monitor. Otherwise, spike noise from transient fading
of electric field strength (for example, people moving) may interfere with the
transmitter signal and may be mistaken as an arrhythmia on the receiving
monitor.
• NIBP cannot be measured on a neonate. (ECG, respiration and SpO
monitored on a neonate.)
can be
2
%,
2
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA1
Panel Description
Front Panel
LCD:
Displays measuring data, settings and
other information.
NIBP START/STOP key:
Starts/stops NIBP measurement in
selected mode.
NIBP INTERVAL key:
Selects NIBP measurement mode.
Refer to the WARNING below.
(This symbol is attached to the rear of the
battery case cover.)
Battery case:
Contains three 1.5 V AA batteries.
WARNING
Close the battery case cover during operation.
If the transmitter is used with the battery case cover open, the patient may get
an electrical shock when defibrillation is performed, and electrostatic discharge
by the patient may intermittently interfere with the waveform or data.
2Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
Rear Panel
Lock plate:
Fastens the transmitter to an NIBP cuff.
Refer to the WARNING below.
WARNING
This transmitter is not waterproof. If detergent or liquid spills into the
transmitter, stop using it and contact your Nihon Kohden distributor. If a wet
transmitter is used, the patient or anyone in contact with the transmitter may
receive an electric shock or patient leakage current over the allowed amount
may flow.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA3
Top Panel
Refer to the WARNING on the
next page.
Refer to the WARNING on the
next page.
NIBP socket:
Connects the cuff hose.
Refer to the symbol page.
Bottom Panel
Channel number label:
Indicates the channel number of the
transmitter. Attach the channel number label
to the panel of the monitor.
Refer to the symbol
page.
ECG/impedance RESP socket:
Connects the electrode lead for
measuring ECG and/or respiration
by the impedance method.
Refer to the symbol page.
SpO
socket:
2
Connects the SpO
2
probe.
Refer to the WARNING on the next
page.
4Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
WARNING
• Before performing defibrillation, check that the electrode leads and SpO
probe attached to the patient are properly connected to the transmitter.
Touching the metal parts of disconnected leads and probes causes serious
electrical shock or injury by discharged energy.
• When performing defibrillation, all persons must keep clear of the bed and
must not touch the patient, any equipment connected to the patient or the
metal parts of leads and probes connected to the patient. Failure to follow this
warning may result in serious electrical burn, shock or other injury.
• When performing defibrillation, discharge as far as possible from electrodes
and medicine on the chest of the patient. If there is a possibility that the
defibrillator paddle could touch electrodes and medicine, remove electrodes
and medicine from the patient. If the defibrillator contacts these materials, the
discharged energy may cause serious electrical burn on the patient.
• When using this transmitter with an ESU, the ESU return plate and the
electrodes for monitoring must be firmly attached to the patient. If the return
plate is not attached correctly, it may burn the patient’s skin where the
electrodes are attached. Refer to the instruction manual for the ESU.
2
CAUTION
Do not shake or swing the transmitter holding the leads/cables connected to the
transmitter. The transmitter may come off and injure someone or damage
surrounding instruments.
“CUFF” is displayed with the cuff inflation pressure during
measurement.
4 Check electrode markAppears when an electrode or electrode lead becomes
detached during ECG measurement.
5 Battery replacement markAppears when the batteries are weak. For details, refer to
the “Battery Condition Indication” section.
6 Message display areaDisplays messages.
When ECG is monitored with 6 electrodes and an electrode
or electrode lead is detached, “Check electrode” is indicated
as below, depending on the PARAMETER SETUP setting.
Refer to the “Changing Parameter Setup Settings” and “ECG
and Respiration Monitoring” sections.
7
LEADS OFF DISPLAY set to CHAR
ECG ELECTRODE set to AHA
LEADS OFF DISPLAY set to IMAGE
6Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
LEADS OFF DISPLAY set to CHAR
ECG ELECTRODE set to IEC
No. NameDescription
7 NIBP measurement modeDisplays NIBP measurement mode. When set to auto mode,
the measurement interval is displayed.
8 NIBP interval bar graphIn auto NIBP measurement, the remaining time from the last
measurement to the next measurement is displayed as a bar
graph.
9 Pulse level bar graphDisplays pulse level in 7 steps.
10 %SpO
2
11 PRDisplays pulse rate when NIBP or SpO
Displays SpO2 data.
the SpO
probe is attached to the patient, the real time pulse
2
rate is displayed. When the SpO
is measured. When
2
probe is not attached to the
2
patient, the pulse rate at the end of NIBP measurement is
displayed.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA7
Notes on Parameter Settings
When monitoring NIBP and SpO2, the following setting must be set as indicated in the table to
properly transmit the monitoring data to the receiving monitor. Otherwise, SpO
monitored properly during NIBP measurement.
Some receiving monitors require the software to be upgraded. For details, contact your Nihon
Kohden distributor.
SpO2 probe attachment siteINHIBIT SpO2 DURING NIBP setting
Probe attached to the same limb as the cuffON
Probe attached to the limb without cuff*OFF
* When the SpO2 probe is attached to the same limb as the NIBP cuff and the cuff is
inflated, the SpO
value becomes unstable and SpO2 or PR alarm may occur.
2
cannot be
2
8Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
Important Safety Information
General
WARNING
• Never use this transmitter in the presence of any flammable anesthetic gas or
high concentration oxygen atmosphere. Failure to follow this warning may
cause explosion or fire.
• Never use this transmitter in a high-pressure oxygen medical care tank.
Failure to follow this warning may cause explosion or fire.
• Do not take this transmitter into the MRI test room. This transmitter is not
designed to be used during MRI tests.
Output Signal
WARNING
Do not use the output signal from the receiving monitor as the synchronization
signal for other equipment such as IABP, MRI, echocardiography or defibrillator
because there may be time delay between the monitor and the other equipment
caused by waveform transmission delay and spike noise may interfere on the
output signal and be mistaken as a trigger.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA9
Preparation
Installing (Replacing) Batteries
WARNING and CAUTION for Battery Handling
WARNING
• Do not dispose of the battery in fire because it may explode.
• Do not use a disassembled or damaged battery. The contents of the battery
are harmful and the battery may catch fire.
• If the contents of the battery contact the skin or clothes, immediately wash it
thoroughly with water.
• Never short-circuit the + and – terminals. The battery may overheat and catch
fire.
• Take care that the patient does not swallow batteries.
CAUTION
• Refer to the battery and battery charger manuals for details on handling the
batteries.
• Do not handle the batteries with wet hands.
• When the transmitter is not in use, remove batteries. When batteries are
installed, battery power is consumed even if measurement is not performed.
Especially, when NiMH batteries remain in the transmitter when the
transmitter is not in use, the battery may become unusable from
overdischarge and leak liquid which will damage the transmitter.
• The battery charger must be used outside the patient environment.
Battery Lifetime
Use three AA type alkaline dry cell batteries. NiMH rechargeable batteries can also be used.
TypeLifetime (Measuring parameters)
ECG, SpO2, NIBPECG, SpO
2
ECG only
NiMH secondary2 days2 days2.5 days
Alkaline primary1 day2.5 days3 days
The above data is when new batteries are used at room temperature, NIBP is measured in auto
mode at 60 minute intervals and SpO
is measured on an index finger of a male patient with
2
weight 60 kg.
Operation time depends on the thickness of SpO
10Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
probe attachment site.
2
NOTE
When using rechargeable NiMH batteries, shallow charging/discharging
shortens battery capacity. For details, refer to the battery operator’s manual.
Installing (Replacing) Batteries
CAUTION
Battery replacement must be performed by medical staff. When replacing
batteries of the transmitter currently used for a patient, disconnect electrode
leads from the transmitter before replacing batteries or do not touch the patient
during replacement.
If electrode leads are attached to the patient and a person replacing batteries touches the patient
during battery replacement, patient leakage current over the allowed amount may flow.
CAUTION
• Replace all batteries at the same time.
• Do not use different types of batteries together.
NOTE
Insert the batteries with the correct polarity (+ and –).
Procedure
1.Remove the battery case cover.
2.Insert three new or fully charged batteries into the
battery case observing the correct polarity.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA11
3.Close the cover.
NOTE
Remove the batteries before disposing of the
transmitter.
Situations Requiring Battery Replacement
Replace the batteries when any of the following occurs.
• The transmitter LCD displays the “
• The transmitter generates a constant alarm (continuous “peep” sound).
• The transmitter LCD does not display anything when the power is turned on.
• The monitor displays the battery replacement message on the screen.
Battery Condition Indication
The battery condition is indicated as follows.
IndicationConditionReceiving Monitor
Fully charged battery
Batteries are low. Replace
batteries.
Batteries are low. NIBP cannot
be measured. Replace batteries.
No
indication
Dead batteries
” or “”mark.
Batteries are full. There is no indication on
the monitor.
Message requiring battery replacement is
displayed.
No signal can be transmitted to the monitor.
There is no indication on the monitor.
12Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
Turning the Transmitter On/Off
Turning On the Power
Peep
Check Items Before Use
Before turning on the transmitter power, check the following to confirm that the transmitter can
be used in normal and safe condition.
When the batteries are installed correctly, the power is
turned on. A one second “peep” sounds and the startup
screen appears. (There is no “peep” sound when there is
no battery power.)
NOTE
Replace the batteries when the LCD displays
the “
Turning Off the Power
To turn off the power, remove batteries.
” or “”mark.
Appearance
• There are no damaged or dirty parts on the outside of the transmitter (LCD, keys, sockets,
battery case cover, battery case, lock plate, etc.).
• The transmitter is completely dry.
• The electrode lead, SpO
• There are no damaged or dirty parts on the disposable SpO
probe and NIBP cuff are not broken.
2
probe, disposable electrodes or
2
disposable NIBP cuff.
Batteries
• The battery polarity is correct.
• The battery case spring is firmly fixed and the battery is not loose.
• The battery case cover is firmly closed.
Channel Setting
• The transmitter channel corresponds to those of the receiving monitor.
• There is no transmitter in the surrounding area with the same channel.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA13
Check Items After Power On
After turning on the power, check the following.
Power On
• The transmitter generates about a one second “peep” sound and the startup screen appears.
• The transmitter does not generate a continuous “peep” sound.
• The transmitter does not give excessive heat.
• The transmitter LCD displays a “
” mark.
• The transmitter does not interfere with the operation of other medical instruments in use.
Basic Operation
• The “signal loss” message is not displayed on the receiving monitor when the transmitter is
inside the receiving range of the monitor.
• The battery replacement message is not displayed on the monitor.
• The keys on the transmitter function properly.
• The LCD brightness is appropriate. To adjust brightness, refer to the “Changing System
Setup Settings” section.
Check Items After Use
To use the transmitter in safe and optimum condition for next time, check the following.
Before Turning Power Off
• Temporarily changed settings are changed back to the previous settings.
• There was no malfunction on the transmitter.
Storage
• ECG electrode leads, SpO
probe and NIBP cuff are cleaned and disinfected.
2
• When the transmitter gets wet, liquid is wiped off and the transmitter is thoroughly dried.
• There are enough consumables, such as disposable electrodes.
• The transmitter power is turned off by removing batteries from the transmitter.
• Dead batteries are disposed of properly.
14Operator's Manual ZM-940PA
Changing the Transmitter Channel
The channel of the transmitter can be changed. The optional QI-901PK Channel Writer is
required.
WARNING
The following action must be taken to properly receive the transmitter signal of
the correct patient on the receiving instrument. Otherwise, there may be signal
loss or signals may mix causing a serious accident, such as monitoring a
different patient.
• Assign a channel administrator in the hospital and only he or she should
manage channel assignment on his or her responsibility.
• The channel administrator must manage the channels in the facility so that
there is no signal interference.
• When the transmitter channel is changed, the channel administrator must
check that the channel on the receiving monitor is also changed and the signal
is properly received.
• The channel administrator must replace the channel number label on the
transmitter with the new one after changing the channel.
NOTE
The software version of the QI-901PK channel writer must be 02-01 or later to
change the channel on the ZM-940PA transmitter.
To check the transmitter channel, refer to “CHANNEL” in the “Changing System Setup
Settings” section.
Operator's Manual ZM-940PA15
Changing Parameter Setup Settings
The initial settings on the PARAMETER SETUP screen must be changed before monitoring.
Changing these settings during monitoring interrupts monitoring.
Parameter Setup Setting List
The factory default settings are underlined.
Setting ItemDescriptionSettings
SELECTABLE
INTERVALS
INITIAL
INTERVAL
INITIAL CUFF
PRESS
NIBP MODE
AFTER STAT
START/FINISH
SOUND
OLD NIBP DATA
AFTER
INHIBIT SpO
2
DURING NIBP
2ND PARAMETERSet SpO2 and PR display order.SpO2, PR
LEADS OFF
DISPLAY
ECG ELECTRODE
Select the NIBP measurement modes for
the mode selection.
Select the initial NIBP measurement
mode at power on.
Select the NIBP cuff inflation pressure.
Select the NIBP measurement mode
after completing STAT measurement.
Turn ON or OFF the sound for NIBP
measurement start/finish.
Select whether to hide or dim the NIBP
data after measurement and how long to
wait after measurement to dim or hide it.
Turn SpO
2
monitoring on or off during
NIBP measurement.
Select the mode for displaying electrode
off. This setting is only available when
ECG is monitored with 6 electrodes.
Select the electrode lead type. This
setting is only available when CHAR is
selected for LEADS OFF DISPLAY.