Milton CAT 990H User Manual
Engine
Engine Model Cat®C27 ACERT™
Gross Power 512 kW 687 hp
Net Power 468 kW 627 hp
Buckets
Bucket Capacities 8.4-9.2 m
3
(11-12 yd3)
Operating Specifications
Rated Payload 15 tonnes 16.5 tons
Operating Weight 77 842 kg 171,642 lb
990H
Wheel Loader
®
®
2
990H Wheel Loader
State-of-the-art design and superior quality allow you to maximize productivity.
Efficiency through Technology.
The 990H Wheel Loader equipped with the
standard lift arrangement is the ideal match
for the 45-64 tonnes (50-70 ton) truck and is
leading the way into the future with proven,
advanced technology. With the High Lift
Arrangement as an attachment, the 990H
can also load the 90 tonnes (100 ton) class
truck. This machine will provide the lowest
cost per ton in its size class.
High Lift Arrangement Optional
Attachment
Provides more dump clearance and reach
than the standard arrangement and
increases productivity. pg. 14
✔
Application Truck Match
Increased performance and good pass
matching make the 990H a versatile
performer. pg. 13
Structures
The integrated structural components of
the 990H provide a stable, well-balanced
system. The full box-section rear frame,
four plate loader tower, Z-bar loader
linkage and solid steel lift arms work
together to enable a loaded bucket to
move smoothly through the lift and
dump cycle. pg. 7
Cooling System
The Next Generation Modular Cooling
System with Air-to-Air Aftercooling
System has been added to the 990H to
help meet emissions requirements and
improve efficiency, serviceability,
visibility and sound levels. pg. 6
✔
Power Train
The Cat®C27 ACERT™ engine is U.S.
EPA Tier 3/EU Stage IIIa compliant and
with MEUI, an air-to-air aftercooler,
axle-shaft brakes, impeller clutch torque
converter and planetary electronic power
shift transmission forms a responsive,
fuel efficient power train. pg. 4
✔
✔ New Feature
3
Complete Customer Support
Your Cat dealer offers a wide range of
services that help you operate longer
with lower costs. pg. 16
Serviceability
Rear access stairs, large engine doors,
convenient service platform with large
doors and bolt-on panels make service
on the 990H quick and easy. pg. 15
Hydraulic System
Increased high-pressure hydraulics
give you fast lift and dump speeds.
Two separate hydraulic systems and
load-sensing steering are the invisible
force behind the muscle and flexibility
of the 990H. pg. 12
✔
Operator’s Station
Designed to maximize operator
productivity with the STIC™ control
system, Computerized Monitoring
System and Comfort Series seat with
trainer seat and lapbelt and many other
features that enhance productivity
through operator comfort. pg. 10
✔
Buckets and Bucket Match
A wide selection of ruggedly designed
buckets along with a variety of edge and
tip options allow you to match the
machine to the job. pg. 8
Cat C27 ACERT Engine. The C27 is a 27 L
(1,648 in3) displacement, 12 cylinder,
“V” configured engine with Mechanical
Electronic Unit Injector (MEUI) fuel
system and Electronic Control Module
(ECM) that delivers power and efficiency
in the most demanding applications.
Benefits of the C27 include:
• ADEM™ IV
• Automatic altitude deration
• Elevated low idle
• Cold weather starting mode
• Acceleration delay on start-up to
reduce engine wear
• Advanced diagnostic capabilities
• Automatic control of ether aid
• 500 hour oil change interval with
CH-4 oil and new larger oil pan
• Dry-type air cleaner with primary
and secondary elements
• Engine/torque divider module isolation
mounted to the main frame to reduce
machine vibration and structure noise
• Monotherm pistons
Aftercooler. Lowers inlet charge
temperature and reduces thermal stresses
that can cause premature wear of pistons,
rings and liners.
High Injection Pressures. Independent
of engine speed, decreases smoke and
emissions while improving response.
Variable Injection Timing and Duration.
Improves fuel efficiency, cold starting
and decreases smoke and emissions.
Injection Rate Shaping. Reduces
emissions and reduces engine noise.
Fewer Mechanical Parts.
Improve reliability.
C27 Electronic Control. Provides many
benefits:
• Automatic altitude derate
• Elevated low idle
• Cold mode start for improved cold
weather starting
• Acceleration delay on startup to
reduce engine wear
• Advanced diagnostic capabilities
• ADEM IV
• Automatic control of ether aid
Oil-Cooled Pistons and Full-Length,
Water-Cooled Cylinder Liners.
Provide maximum heat transfer
for longer component life.
Engine Oil Cooler. Maintains optimum
oil temperature for proper cooling and
lubrication. Engine cooling is provided
by the Next Generation Modular Radiator.
Hydrostatic fan drive gives the standard
cooling package 110° F ambient capability.
Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC).
The converter allows the operator
maximum flexibility in modulating
rimpull. The first inch of travel of the
left brake pedal is used to modulate
rimpull from 100 percent (pedal at rest
position) to 20 percent of maximum
(pedal depressed about 25 mm [1 in]).
Once 20 percent of maximum rimpull is
achieved, the brake is applied. This gives
smooth transitions from brake-on to
brake-off, yielding fast, fluid loading
cycles. The torque converter also has
a standard lock-up clutch for fast, fuel
efficient load and carry cycles.
• The Rimpull Control System has
four factory preset reduced rimpull
settings. Each setting corresponds
to a maximum allowable impeller
clutch pressure.
• Rimpull Control System allows the
operator to vary rimpull based on
operating conditions for maximum
productivity while reducing tire
slippage and resulting costs.
• Converter de-clutches during
directional shifts. This allows
full throttle directional shifts
maintaining hydraulic speeds.
• Smooth approach to trucks and
hoppers builds operator confidence,
producing faster cycle times.
• Lock-up feature provides “direct
drive” for load and carry applications.
No converter slip means higher
efficiency and lower fuel costs.
• Improved calibration procedure.
• Left pedal modulation.
• Compensates for wear.
• Provides the ability to recalibrate
for optimum left pedal modulation
regardless of torque converter wear.
B
r
a
k
e
s
(
2
0
%
R
i
m
p
u
l
l
)
100% Rimpull
Selected
Left Pedal
20% Rimpull
Selected
4
The 990H power train components give you the dependable performance expected from
Cat Wheel Loaders.
Power Train
1 Impeller Clutch. Modulates the amount
of engine power sent to the wheels.
2 Lock-Up Clutch. Provides direct drive for
improved fuel economy. With Electronic
Clutch Pressure Control, the impeller
clutch torque converter with lock-up
feature activates in second and third
gears forward and first through third
gears in reverse.
Planetary, Electronic, Power Shift
Transmission. This is the same
transmission found in the Cat 992G
Wheel Loader. Electronic shifting
provides smooth consistent shifts with
fingertip controls housed in the STIC
controller. Large diameter perimeter
clutches coupled with high contact
planetary gear sets provide high torque
carrying capacity for long trouble-free
life. Speed and direction controls are
housed in the STIC controller.
Final Drives. Are planetary consisting of a
ring gear, three planet gears or planet gear
carrier and a sun gear. Features include:
• Ring gears splined to reation hub
• Proprietary gear cutting and heat
treat methods are used in
manufacture of components
• Full-floating bronze sleeve bearings
are used on planet gears
• Oil-bath lubrication of final drive
Axle-Shaft, Oil-Disc Brakes. Are fully
hydraulic, completely sealed and never
need adjustment. Disc face grooves
provide cooling even when brakes are
applied for a long, fade resistant life.
• This design provides a larger cooling
oil reservoir and thicker separator
plates than conventional brake designs.
This gives the brake higher heat
dissipation rates giving it higher
capacity than conventional
oil-disc brakes.
• The location of the brake reduces
service time. Conventional brakes
require final drive disassembly.
The axle-shaft brake design allows
brake service while leaving the final
drive intact. Duo-cone
®
seals are
between the wheel and spindle for
a tight fit. Reduced service time (oil
change interval is every 2,000 hours)
and machine downtime keeps
operating costs low.
Parking Brake. Is spring-applied, oilreleased, dry disc that are mounted on
the transmission transfer gear output shaft.
The Electronic Monitoring System alerts
the operator if the transmission is engaged
while the parking brake is applied and
also if the pressure drops and, in which
case, the brake is automatically applied.
Manual override is possible to allow
movement of the machine.
Secondary Brakes. Are fully modulated
and the front and rear service brake
circuits are isolated, allowing one circuit
to operate if pressure drops in the other.
Service Brakes. Are four wheel,
hydraulic, oil dipped, multiple disc brakes
that are adjustment-free, completely
enclosed and allow modulated
engagement without slack adjusters.
Starting System. Is direct-electric 24-volt
with a 95-amp alternator and two 12-volt,
1,300 CCA, 190-amp-hour batteries.
5
Next Generation Modular Radiator
(NGMR) with Air-to-Air Aftercooling
System (ATAAC). In order to meet U.S.
EPA Tier 3 and EU Stage IIIa emissions
requirements. The cooling system has
been upgraded to a NGMR that utilizes
the ATAAC system to achieve lower
particulate, NOxand sound output.
The proven NGMR system is currently
used on other Cat models such as the
834H, 844H, 988H and 992G. ATAAC
technology became effective with the
834G and 988G.
NGMR is a Caterpillar
®
technology that
improves serviceability and increases
cooling efficiency by 22 percent.
Ambient working temperature for
the standard 990H is 43° Celsius
(110° Fahrenheit). A high ambient
cooling package, with a 50° Celsius
(122° Fahrenheit) capacity, is available
as an attachment.
ATAAC System. Provides a separate
cooling system for the intake manifold
air complementing the engine jacket water
cooling system. The ATAAC system
routes hot compressed air from the turbo
and cools it with a single pass, air-to-air
aluminum heat exchanger. The cooled
compressed air is then delivered to the
engine intake manifold. Providing the
engine with cool compressed air greatly
reduces the emissions produced, meeting
Tier 3 requirements for a cleaner
environment.
Separated Cooling System. The C27
engine with MEUI has a separated cooling
system which isolates the NGMR and
demand fan from the engine compartment.
The cooling system is isolated from the
engine compartment by a shield allowing
the radiator to receive outside ambient air
through the side and top vents at a much
lower temperature than the hot air from
the engine compartment. This improves
the system’s efficiency and allows the
radiator size to be decreased and the rear
hood to be sloped, improving the rear
viewing area. Also, sound levels are
reduced due to the lower fan speed
of a more efficient cooling system.
Serviceability. Is a key feature of NGMR.
Tubes are welded to a large, thick header,
providing the strength of the tube-toheader joint that reduces the possibility
of coolant leaks. The NGMR modular
core design allows removal of a single
core without removing the entire radiator
– reducing downtime through ease of
serviceability. Replacing the individual
core also reduces repair costs.
Two-Pass System. Is a NGMR feature for
increased cooling capacity. Coolant travels
from the engine to the fan side of the
bottom tank, up the fan side of each core,
over the top, down the engine side of the
core, into the engine side of the bottom
tank and back to the engine. The improved
flow pattern allows the coolant to pass
through the radiator twice for better
cooling. The NGMR design improves
serviceability, reduces downtime and
increases cooling capability.
6
Cooling System
Works with the engine to meet emissions standards as well as improve serviceability
and reduce downtime.
Structure Construction. Is more
than 80 percent robotically welded.
This provides highly consistent welds
with deep plate penetration and excellent
plate fusion. The benefit is greater fatigue
strength and longer life than with
conventional welding methods.
1 Box Section Rear Frame. Absorbs
torsional forces generated in a loading
cycle, maintaining alignment for hitch
pins and driveline.
2 Four-Plate Loader Tower. Resists shock
and torsional loads maintaining hitch
and loader linkage pin alignment.
3 Design. Is for optimum strength.
The 990H is equipped with a single-tilt
Z-bar loader linkage with cast cross tube,
cast tilt lever, solid plate lift arms,
serviceable grease B-pin and centerpoint frame articulation.
4 Computer-Controlled Machining.
At the top level allows structures to remain
in their fixture throughout the machining
process to ensure pin bore, axle pad and
engine/transmission alignments.
Optional High Lift Linkage Configuration.
Is available as a standard attachment.
The High Lift configuration offers
565 mm (22.3 in) more dump clearance
and 293 mm (11.5 in) additional reach
at full lift and 45° dump. This gives the
ability to load the 777 in six passes.
7
Structures
Superior construction means superior strength.
3
1
2
Buckets. For the 990H range in size
from 8.4 m3(11 yd3) to 9.2 m3(12 yd3)
and may be configured for a variety
of impact and abrasive conditions.
All buckets are built with shell-tine
construction that resists twisting and
distortion and feature replaceable,
weld-on wear plates to protect the bottom
of the bucket. The integral rock guard
helps retain big loads while heavy-duty
pins and retainers provide durability.
Rock Buckets. Are available in spadeedge or straight edge configurations.
Spade edge buckets use bolt-on segments
and are available from 8.4 m
3
(11 yd3)
to 9.2 m3(12 yd3). An 8.6 m3(12 yd3)
Straight Edge Rock is also available.
Each bucket accepts up to two sets of
sidebar protectors, features double-strap
adapters, easily changed bolt-on segments
and several tip options.
Heavy-Duty Quarry Bucket. Is available
as an 8.6 m3(11.2 yd3) capacity bucket
and is recommended for use in face
loading where moderate abrasion and
high impact is encountered. It features
additional wear protection items,
including: thicker base edge and adapters,
additional liners and wear plates, bolt-on
half arrow segments and four sidebar
protectors.
High Abrasion Bucket. Is available as an
8.6 m3(11.2 yd3) capacity bucket and is
recommended for use in face loading
where high abrasion and moderate
impact is encountered. This bucket
features additional wear protection items
including independently attached edge
and adapter covers, flush mount adapters,
additional liners and wear plates, four
sidebar protectors (two sets) and a thicker
base edge. Flush mount adapters provide
a smooth finish floor and reduce wear
on the adapters.
Cat buckets and Ground Engaging Tools provide the flexibility to match the machine.
Proper bucket and application match delivers increased stability and peak performance.
8
Buckets and Bucket Match
9
Buckets and Ground Engaging Tools
(GET). The 990H offers a variety
of bucket types and available GET
configurations to properly configure
the machine based on material density,
impact and abrasion.
Depending on your material densities,
there is a 8.4 m3(11 yd3) Spade Nose
bucket with teeth and bolt-on segments
for improved performance and edge
protection available.
Increased full turn static tip load,
horsepower and hydraulic capabilities
allow the 990H to effectively utilize the
8.6 m3(11.25 yd3) and 9.2 m3(12 yd3)
bucket size in lighter materials such as
limestone. All buckets feature the well
proven shell-tine construction.
To better match your 990H to material
conditions, contact your Caterpillar
dealer for specialty bucket needs.
K-Series GET. Features reliable tip
retention as the retainer locks securely
to stabilize and tighten. Opposing inclined
side rails on the adapter stabilize the tip,
improve back loading resistance and
reduce strain on the retainer. A tight
fit between the tip and adapter limits
movement and reduces wear. The adapter
nose is stronger with no hole for the pin.
Tips.
K130 K150
(Replaces (Replaces
J550) J600)
• General Duty 229-7129 229-7166
• Extra Duty 229-7121 229-7161
• Penetration 229-7122 229-7162
• Penetration Plus 229-7123 229-7163
• Heavy Penetration 229-7125 201-1240
• Heavy Abrasion 229-7126 201-1241
Custom Buckets. For specialty buckets
and availability, contact your Caterpillar
dealer.
Bucket Controls. Feature pilot-operated
lift and tilt circuits for lower lever efforts.
Lift Circuit. Has four positions: raise, hold,
lower and float and the automatic kickout
from horizontal to full lift is adjustable.
Tilt Circuit. Features three positions:
tilt back, hold and dump. The automatic
bucket positioner can be adjusted to the
desired loading angle and does not
require visual spotting.
Bucket Selection Guide and Matrix
Rated payload 15 tonnes (16.5 tons)
3
m
8.6
Bucket Size
8.4
Changes in bucket weight, including field installed wear iron, can impact rated payload. Consult your Caterpillar dealer for
assistance in selecting and configuring the proper bucket for the application. The Caterpillar Large Wheel Loader Payload Policy
is a guideline intended to maximize wheel loader structural and component life.
3
yd
12.09.2
11.25
11.0
2200
1300 1500 1700 1900
2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 lb/LCY
Standard
90%100%110%
110% 90%100%
110%
100%
Material Density
90%
2000
kg/LCM
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