Linksys NWR04B User Manual

COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Copyright © 2002 Network Everywhere, All Rights Reserved. Network Everywhere and Linksys are registered trademarks of Linksys. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors.

LIMITED WARRANTY Network Everywhere guarantees that every Wireless Cable/DSL Router will be free from physical defects in material and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase, when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications section of this User Guide. If the product proves defective during this warranty period, call Network Everywhere Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges.

IN NO EVENT SHALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS NO REFUNDS FOR ITS PRODUCTS. Network Everywhere makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Network Everywhere reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to:

Network Everywhere P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. FCC STATEMENT

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However , there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

• Increase the separation between the equipment or devices

• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver’s

• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance

UG-NWR04B-110602NC KL

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility 26

Overview 26 Logging In 26 Setup 27 Password 32 Status 33 DHCP 34 Log 35 Help 36 Advanced 37 IP Filtering 38 Forwarding 41 Dynamic Routing 47 Static Routing 48 DMZ Host 50 MAC Address Clone 51 Wireless 52

Appendix A:T roubleshooting 55

Common Problems and Solutions 55 Frequently Asked Questions 67

Appendix B: How to Ping Your ISP’s E-mail and Web Addresses 73

Appendix C: Configuring Wireless Security 76

Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP 79

Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter 84

Appendix E: Glossary 88

Appendix F: Specifications 97

Environmental 97

Appendix G: Warranty Information 98

Appendix H: Contact Information 99

Network Everywhere®Series

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router 1 Features 1 An Introduction to LANs and WANs 2 IP Addresses 2 The Router’s Ports 4 The Router’s LEDs 5

Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network 7

Network Topology 7 Roaming 7

Chapter 3: Connecting the Router 8

Before You Start 8 Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up 8

Chapter 4: Configuring the PCs 10

Overview 10 Configuring Windows 98 SE and Millennium PCs 10 Configuring Windows 2000 PCs 12 Configuring Windows XP PCs 14

Chapter 5: Using the Setup Wizard 16

Before You Start 16 The Setup Wizard’s Title Screen 16 Preparing to Set Up 17 Setting Up the Router with a Cable Connection 18 Setting Up the Router with a DSL Connection 22

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Chapter 1:Introduction

Think of the Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router as a kind of "splitter" for your Internet connection. Just connect your DSL or Cable Modem to the Router, and all the computers in your household can share the Internet -- all at the same time. You can connect your home computers to the Router with Ethernet cables, or put wireless network adapters in them and communicate over radio waves, saving the trouble and expense of running cables through your house.

Once your computers are connected to the Router, they can communicate with each other too, sharing resources and files. All your computers can print on a shared printer connected anywhere in the house. And y our computers can share all kinds of files -- music, digital pictures, and documents. Keep all your digital music on one computer, and listen to it anywhere in the house. Organize all of your family's digital pictures in one place, to simplify finding the ones you want, and easing backup to CD-R. Utilize extra free space on one computer when another's hard drive starts to fill up.

Your home network is secure, too. All wireless communications are protected by 128-bit encryption. Internet Firewall packet filters keep intruders out, and block attacks. Parental Controls help you protect y our famil y.It's all easier than you think -- the included Setup Wizard takes you through configuring your network, step by step. With the Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router at the heart of your home network, you don't need to be a networking genius to share printers, files, and your Internet connection -- with or without wires.

• Supports Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

• Internet access logging

• Easy to use setup utility or configure through your networked PC’s Web browser

• Supports SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol)

• Internet access control (Parental Controls), by time-of-day or by day of the week

• Port Trigger function for Internet applications with special requirements

• Remote administration and upgrade feature

• Supports static routing and dynamic routing protocol RIP1/RIP2

• Denial of Service(Dos) Prevention

• Context sensitive configuration help

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Features

Network Everywhere®Series

Simply put, a router is a network device that connects two networks together.

In this instance, the Router connects your Local Area Network (LAN), or the group of PCs in your home or office, to the Wide Area Network (WAN) that is the Internet. The Router processes and regulates the data that travels between these two networks.

Think of the Router as a network device with two sides. The first side is made up of your private Local Area Network (LAN) of PCs. The other, public side is the Internet, or the Wide Area Network (WAN), outside of your home or office.

The Router’s firewall (NAT) protects your network of PCs so users on the public, Internet side cannot “see” your PCs. This is how your LAN, or network, remains private. The Router protects your network b y inspecting the first packet coming in from the Internet port before delivery to the f inal destination on the LAN port. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server, ftp server, or other Internet applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the packet to the appropriate PC on the LAN side.

What’s an IP Address?

IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device on an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers, requires an IP address to identify its “location,” or address, on the network. This applies to both the Internet and LAN connections.

There are two ways of assigning an IP address to your network devices.

Static IP Addresses

A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing insures that the device assigned it will have that same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used with network devices such as server PCs or print servers.

If you use the Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, contact your ISP to find out if they have assigned a static IP address to your account. If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring the Router. You can get the information from your ISP.

IP Addresses

An Introduction to LANs and WANs

Dynamic IP Addresses

A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network, such as PCs and print servers. These IP addresses are called “dynamic” because they are only temporarily assigned to the PC or device. After a certain time period, they expire and may change. If a PC logs on to the network (or the Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the DHCP server will assign it a new dynamic IP address.

For DSL users, many ISPs may require you to log on with a user name and password to gain access to the Internet. This is called “Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet” or PPP oE. PPPoE is similar to a dial-up connection but does not have a phone number to dial into, and PPPoE is a dedicated high-speed connection. PPPoE also will provide the Router with a dynamic IP address to establish a connection to the Internet.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Servers

DHCP frees you from having to assign IP addresses manuall y every time a new user is added to your network. PCs and other network devices using dynamic IP addressing are assigned a new IP address by a DHCP server. The PC or network device obtaining an IP address is called the DHCP client. The Router’s Internet port is, by default, set as a DHCP client.

DHCP servers can either be a designated PC on the network or another netw ork device, such as the Router. By default, a DHCP server is enabled on your Router’s LAN ports. If you already have a DHCP server running on your network, you mustdisable one of the two DHCP servers. If y ou run more than one DHCP server on your network, you will experience network errors, such as conflicting IP addresses. To disable the Router’s DHCP function, see the DHCP section in Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-Based Utility.

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Even if you assign a static IP address to a PC, other PCs can still use DHCP’s dynamic IP addressing, as long as the static IP is not within the DHCP range of the LAN IP Address.

If the Router’s DHCPfunction fails to provide a dynamic IP address for any reason, please refer to Appendix A: Troubleshooting.

The Router’s rear panel (as shown in Figure 1-1) is where all of its connections are made.

Internet The Internet Port is where you will connect your cable or

DSL modem with an Ethernet cable. Your modem con-

nection will not work from any other port.

Ports 4, 3, 2 These four LAN (Local Area Network) ports are where

you will connect networked devices, such as PCs, print servers, and any other Ethernet devices you want to put on your network. If Port 1 is being used, the Uplink Port will not work.

Port 1/Uplink Port The Uplink Port is where you can expand your network

by connecting to a switch. Uplinking to a switch is done by simply running a cable from the Uplink Port to the other device. The Uplink Port is shared with Port 1. Pushing in the Uplink button allows this port to be used as the Uplink port. If the Uplink button is not pushed in, this port functions the same as Ports 4, 3, and 2.

Power The Power Port is where you will connect the included

AC Power adapter.

Figure 1-1

The Router’s Ports

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Since the Router is a device that connects two networks, it needs two IP addresses—one for the LAN side, and one for the Internet side. In this User Guide, you’ll see references to the “Internet IP address” and the “LAN IP address.”

Since the Router has firewall security (NAT), only the Router’s Internet IP address can be seen from the Internet.

However , even the Internet IP address can be blocked, so that the Router and network seem invisible to the Internet—This is shown in the Filters section in “Chapter 6: The Routers Web-Based Utility”.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

The LAN Indicators, shown in Figure 1-2, sho w the status of information being transmitted within your local network

WLAN Act Green. This LED indicates wireless activity.

WLAN Link Green. This LED indicates that the Router’s wireless func-

tions have been enabled through the Web-based utility.

Power Green. This LED indicates that the Router’s power is on.

Link/Act Green. This LED serves two purposes. When this LED is lit

continuously, this indicates that the Router is connected to a device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3, or 4). A blinking LED indicates that the Router is actively sending or receiving data over that port. When the Uplink Port is in use, the LED for Port 1 will be lit continuously.

The Router’s LEDs

TThhee RReesseett BBuuttttoonn Pressing the Reset Button and holding it in for a few seconds will clear all

of the Router’s data and restore the factory defaults. This should be done only if you are experiencing heavy routing problems, and only after you have exhausted all of the other troubleshooting options. By resetting the Router, you run the risk of creating conflicts between your PCs’ actual IP Addresses and what the Router thinks their IP Addresses should be. You may be forced to reboot each network PC.

If the Router locks up, simply press the reset button or power it down for three to five seconds by removing the power cable from the Router’s Power Port. Leaving the power off for too long could result in the loss of network connections.

Figure 1-2

Full/Col Green. This LED also serves two purposes. When this LED

is lit continuously, the connection made through the corresponding port is running in Full Duplex mode. A blinking LED indicates that the connection is experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal. If this LED blinks too often, there may be a problem with y our connection. Refer to the Troubleshooting Appendix if you think there is a problem.

100 Orange. This LED indicates when a successful 100Mbps

connection is made through the corresponding port.

The Internet indicators, shown in Figure 1-2, show the status of infor mation being transmitted to and from the Internet.

Link Green. This LED indicates a connection between the Router

and your broadband device or network.

Act Green. This LED blinks when the Router is sending or

receiving data over the broadband (Internet) por t.

Diag Red. This LED indicates the Router’s self-diagnosis mode

during boot-up and restart. It will turn off upon completing the diagnosis. If this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time, refer to the Troubleshooting Appendix.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Chapter 2: Planning Yo u r Wireless Network

A wireless LAN is exactly like a regular LAN , e xcept that each computer in the LAN uses a wireless adapter to connect to the network through a wireless connection. Computers in a wireless LAN must be configured to share the same radio channel.

The wireless adapter provides LAN access for wireless workstations. An integrated wireless and wired LAN is called an Infrastructure conf iguration. A group of wireless adapter users and this Router compose a Basic Service Set (BSS). Each PC equipped with a wireless adapter in a BSS can talk to any computer in a wired LAN infrastructure via this Router.

An infrastructure conf iguration extends the accessibility of a PC with a wireless adapter to a wired LAN, and doubles the effective wireless transmission range for two PCs equipped with a wireless adapter Since this Router is able to forward data within its BSS, the effective transmission range in an infrastructure LAN is doubled.

Infrastructure mode also supports roaming capabilities for mobile users. More than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Ser vice Set (ESS). This continuous network allows users to roam freely within an ESS. All PCs that are equipped with a wireless adapter, and are within one ESS, must be configured with the same ESS ID.

Before enabling an ESS with roaming capability, it is recommended to select a feasible radio channel and optimum Router position. Proper positioning combined with a clear radio signal will greatly enhance performance.

Roaming

Network Topology

Chapter 3: Connecting the Router

Before plugging everything together, it’s always a good idea to have everything you’ll need to get the Router up and running. Depending upon how you configure the Router in Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility, you may need some of the following values from your ISP:

When connecting through a Static IP connection, be sure to have 1) Your broadband-configured PC’s f ixed Internet IP Address, 2) Your broadbandconfigured PC’s Computer Name and Workgroup Name, 3) Your Subnet Mask, 4) Your Def ault Gateway, and 5) Your Primary DNS IP address.

When connecting through a PPPoE connection, be sure to have 1) Your PPPoE User Name and 2) Your PPPoE Password.

The installation technician from your ISP should hav e left this information with you after installing your broadband connection. If not, you can call your ISP to request the data.

Once you have the above values, you can begin the Router’s installation and setup.

Once you are sure that you have the above values on hand, you can begin the Installation and Setup of the Router.

1. Power everything down, including your PCs, your cable or DSL modem and the Router.

2. Connect an Ethernet cable from one of your PC’s Ethernet ports to one of the Router’s LAN ports. Do the same with all the PCs you wish to connect to the Router.

In addition to accessing the Router through an Ethernet connection, a wireless connection can be used to access the Router. See the “For Wireless Connections” note that follows these connection instructions.

3. Connect another Ethernet cable from your cable or DSL modem to the Router’s Internet port.

Before You Start

Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Chapter 4: Configuring the PCs

These instructions will help you configure each of your computers to communicate with the Router.

To do this, you will need to conf igure your PC’s network settings to obtain an IP (or TCP/IP) address automatically. Computers use IP addresses to communicate with each other across a network or the Internet.

You will need to know which operating system your computer is running, such as Windows 98 SE, Millennium, 2000, or XP. You can find out by clicking the Start button and then selecting the Settings option. (If your Start menu does- n’t have a Settings option, you’re running Windows XP. You can select the Control Panel directly from the Start Menu.) Then, click Control Panel and double-click the System icon. Click the Cancel button when done.

Once you know which Windows operating system you are running, follow the directions in this step for your computer’s operating system. If you PC is not configured with the TCP/IP protocol, you will need to do this for each computer you are connecting to the Router.

The next few pages tell you, step by step, how to configure your TCP/IP settings based on the type of Windows operating system you are using. Once you've configured your computers, continue to Chapter 6: The Router’s Webbased Utility.

1. Click the Start button, click Settings and open the Control Panel. From

there, double-click the Network icon to open the Network screen.

Overview

Configuring Windows 98 SE and Millennium PCs

4. Connect the Power Adapter (included) to the Router’s Power port and plug the other end into a power outlet.

• The Pow er LED will illuminate green as soon as the pow er adapter is connected.

• The Diag LED will illuminate red for a few seconds while the Router goes through its internal diagnostic test. The LED will tur n off when the self-test is complete.

5. Power on the cable or DSL modem. Verify that the power is on by checking

the Link LED in the Internet column on the front of the Router. The Link LED will be illuminated if the power is on and the modem is ready.

6. Press the Reset button on the back of the Router. Hold the button in for three seconds, or until the Diag LED illuminates red. This restores the Router’s default settings.

7. Power on your PC.

The Router is now connected.

Continue to the next chapter to configure your PCs.

For Wireless Connections: In addition to accessing the Router through an Ethernet connection, a wireless connection can be used to access the Router. After powering on the Router and connecting it to your modem, enter the Router’s IP Address in the Address field of your wireless PC’s web-browser as follows: http://192.168.1.1 and press Enter.

IImmppoorrttaanntt::

The Router is configured by default to work out of the box with all Network Everywhere Wireless Adapters. If you have changed the defaults on your Network Everywhere Wireless Adapters, or are using other wireless adapters, you must temporarily change your wireless adapter settings to: (SSID = wireless) in order to initially access the Router wirelessly. After you have accessed the Router with the default settings, you can change the Router’s settings to coincide with your Network settings and reset your adapters.

IImmppoorrttaanntt::

Some ISPs—most notably some cable providers—configure their networks so that you do not have to enter a full Internet address into your web browser or e-mail application to reach your home page or receive your e-mail. If your Internet home page address is something very simple, such as “www”, rather than “www.networkeverywhere.com”, or your e-mail server’s address is something similar to “e-mail” or “pop3”, rather than “pop.mail.networkeverywhere.com”, you won’t be able to properly configure the Router until you determine the actual Internet addresses of your Web and e-mail connections.

You

mmuusstt

obtain this information prior to connecting the Router to

your network. Y ou can obtain this information by contacting your ISP.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

109

5. Click the OK button again. Windows may ask you for the original

Windows installation disk or additional f iles. Supply them by pointing to the correct file location, e.g., D:\win98, D:\win9x, c:\windows\options\cabs, etc. (This assumes that “D” is the letter of your CD-ROM drive).

6. If Windows asks you to restart your PC, click the Yes button. If Windows

does not ask you to restart, restart your computer anyway.

Repeat steps 1-6 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility.

1. Click the Start button, click Settings and open the Control Panel. From there, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. This will display the Network screen.

2. Select the Local Area Connection icon for the applicable Ethernet adapter (usually it is the first Local Area Connection listed).

3. When the Local Area Connection Status screen appears, click the Properties button. (See Figure 4-3.)

Configuring Windows 2000 PCs

Figure 4-3

2. Select the Configuration tab

and highlight the TCP/IP line for the applicable Ethernet adapter (as shown in Figure 4-1). If the word TCP/IP appears by itself, select that line. (Note: If there is no TCP/IP line listed, refer to your Ethernet adapter’s documentation to install TCP/IP now.) Then, click the Properties button.

3. Click the IP Address tab and select Obtain an IP address automatically (as shown in figure 4-2).

4. Click the Gateway tab and verify that the Installed Gateway f ield is blank. Click the OK button.

Figure 4-1

Figure 4-2

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

1211

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP’s default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for Windows 2000.

1. Click the Start button, open the Control P anel. and click the Netw or k and Internet Connections icon. Then, click the Network Connections icon to display the Network screen.

2. Select the Local Area Connection icon for the applicable Ethernet adapter (usually it is the first Local Area Connection listed).

3. When the Local Area Connection Status screen appears, click the Properties button. (See Figure 4-6.)

Configuring Windows XP PCs

Figure 4-6

4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (as shown in

Figure 4-4) and click the Properties button.

5. Select Obtain an IP

address automatically and verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected

(as shown in Figure 4-5). Then, click the OK button and click the OK button on the subsequent screens to complete the PC’s configuration.

Repeat steps 1-5 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

Figure 4-4

Figure 4-5

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

1413

Chapter 5: Using the Setup Wizard

The Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router comes with an automated software installation procedure for Windows 98 SE, Me, 2000, and XP. This will configure the Router when connecting it for the first time. Thereafter, configuration can be set through the Web Utility.

Insert the Setup Wizard CD into your CD-ROM drive. Unless you have deactivated the auto-run feature of Windows, the screen shown in Figure 5-1 should appear automatically.

This screen presents you with all of the options provided by the Setup Wizard CD. These options include:

Set Up Your First Computer This option is used for conf iguring the Router

for use with your wireless devices.

Before You Start

The Setup Wizard’s Title Screen

Figure 5-1

4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (as shown in

Figure 4-7) and click the Properties button.

5. Select Obtain an IP address automatically and verify that Obtain DNS

server address automatically is selected (as shown

in Figure 4-8). Then, click the OK button and click the OK button on the subsequent screens to complete the PC’s configuration.

Repeat steps 1-5 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility.

Figure 4-7

Figure 4-8

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

At this point, you should verify that your Internet connection (Cable or DSL) is connected to your PC. Verify that your connection is working properly before clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to stop the setup process, click the Exit button.

When the screen shown in Figure 5-3 appears, disconnect your PC from your Internet connection. Then, connect your modem to the Router’s Internet port and connect your PC to one of the Router’s network ports, numbered 1-4. These connections should be made with a Category 5 Ethernet Network Cable. Then, click the Cable button if you’re connected to the Internet through a Cable Modem or the DSL button if you’re connected to the Internet through a DSL Modem.

The following screens will specifically address your cable connection. The screen shown in Figure 5-4 will ask you to verify that your modem is connected properly. Verify the connection and click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-3

Set Up Additional Computer(s) This option should only be used to config-

ure DHCP settings on any additional computers. For setting up a computer’s wireless settings to use with the Router, configure your wireless devices with the same network settings as the Router.

Download User Guide This User Guide is available on the Setup

Wizard CD, so you won’t need Internet access to download this. Clicking this button brought up this User Guide,

for Network Everywhere support.

Exit This option closes the Setup Wizard.

The Setup Wizard allows you to configure the Router quickly and easily. This process begins on the Title Screen, where you should click the Set Up Your First Computer button. This will bring up the screen shown in Figure 5-2.

Preparing to Set Up

Figure 5-2

Setting Up the Router with a Cable Connection

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

1817

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

When the screen shown in Figure 5-6 appears, connect the power for the Router and modem, using a surge protector. Some of the Router’s lights should come on as shown on the screen. Verify that your connection is working properly before clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

On the next screen that appears, shown in Figure 5-7, you will conf igure the Router’s wireless settings. As this is a wireless router, it can be used with your wireless devices. However, all settings must be the same for the wireless devices to be able to communicate with each other. Verify that the following settings are the same as your other wireless devices:

SSID Think of this as the wireless network’s name. While the

default setting is “wireless”, you should change it to something unique. It is case sensitive and should not exceed 32 alphanumeric characters.

Channel The preferred settings for this, the channel on which the

wireless signal is broadcast, are 1, 6, and 11.

SSID Broadcast This broadcasts the SSID, allowing access to all nearby wire-

less devices. For increased security, disable this option.

Network Everywhere®Series

The next screen (Figure 5-5) will ask you to verify that the Router is connected properly. Connect the Router as shown, without connecting the power or modem. Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-6

Figure 5-4

Figure 5-5

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Configuration is complete and the Router is set up when you see the final screen, shown in Figure 5-

9. Click the Finish button to close the Setup Wizard.

To set up any further computers to connect to the Router, run the Setup Wizard again and choose

Set Up Additional Computer(s). To fine-tune

the Router’s performance, you can continue to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

When you first select DSL as your ISP, you will see a warning screen regarding PPPoE (shown in Figure 5-10). If you have a PPPoE connection, follow these directions. If your connection is not PPPoE, disregard these directions.

The next screen, shown in Figure 5-11, will ask you to verify that your modem is connected properly. Verify the connection and click the Next button to con- tinue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Network Everywhere®Series

Document and save these settings for future reference and click the Next but- ton to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

The following screen will detect your modem’s IP settings and configure the Router with these settings. (The screen shown in Figure 5-8 is what you would see if you see if you had a DHCP server.) Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

Figure 5-7

Figure 5-8

Figure 5-9

Setting Up the Router with a DSL Connection

Figure 5-10

Figure 5-11

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

On the next screen that appears, shown in Figure 5-14, you will conf igure the Router’s wireless settings. As this is a wireless router, it can be used with your wireless devices. However, all settings must be the same for the wireless devices to be able to communicate with each other. Verify that the following settings are the same as your other wireless devices:

SSID Think of this as the wireless network’s name. While the

default setting is “wireless”, you should change it to something unique. It is case sensitive and should not exceed 32 alphanumeric characters.

Channel The preferred settings for this, the channel on which the

wireless signal is broadcast, are 1, 6, and 11.

SSID Broadcast This broadcasts the SSID, allowing access to all nearby wire-

less devices. For increased security, disable this option.

Document and save these settings for future reference and click the Next but- ton to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

Network Everywhere®Series

The next screen (Figure 5-12) will ask you to verify that the Router is connected properly. Connect the Router as shown, without connecting the power or modem. Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

When the screen shown in Figure 5-13 appears, connect the power for the Router and modem, using a surge protector. Some of the Router’s lights should come on as shown on the screen. Verify that your connection is working properly before clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-12

Figure 5-13

Figure 5-14

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility

Use the Router’s web-based utility to administer it. This chapter will describe each web page in the Utility and each page’s key functions. The utility can be accessed via your web browser through use of a computer connected to the Router.

For a basic network setup, most users only have to use the following screens of the utility:

• Setup Enter the settings provided by your ISP.

• Password The Router’s default password is admin. To secure the Router,

change the Password from its default.

The WEP, Status, DHCP, Log, and Help tabs are also available for basic setup. For advanced setup, click the Advanced Setup tab to access these screens: Filters, Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static Routing, DMZ Host, MAC Addr Clone, and Wireless.

To access the web-based utility of the Router, launch Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator, and enter the Router’s default IP address, 192.168.1.1, in the Address field, as shown in Figure 6-1. Then, press Enter.

Overview

Logging In

Figure 6-1

Note: If your PC’s Windows operating system supports Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Windows will offer to create a desktop shortcut to the Router. Click the OK button to create the desktop icon, and then double-click the icon to connect to the Router. Otherwise, connect to the Router manually, as directed in steps 1 and 2.

Network Everywhere®Series

The following screen will detect your modem’s IP settings and configure the Router with these settings. (The screen shown in Figure 5-15 is w hat y ou w ould see if you see if you had a PPPoE connection.) Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

Configuration is complete and the Router is set up when you see the final screen, shown in Figure 5-16. Click the Finish button to close the Setup Wizard.

To set up any further computers to connect to the Router, run the Setup Wizard again and choose Set Up Additional Computer(s). To fine-tune the Router’s performance, you can continue to Chapter 6:

The Router’s Webbased Utility.

Figure 5-15

Figure 5-16

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Firmware Version This entry shows the version and date of the firmware the Router is using. Future versions of the Router’s f irmware will be posted and available for download on the Network Everywhere website at www.NetworkEverywhere.com.

Time Zone This drop-down menu allows you to set the time zone in w hich y ou are operating the Router.

Device LAN IP Address The values for the Router’s IP Address and Subnet Mask are shown here. The default values are 192.168.1.1 for the Device IP Address and 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet Mask.

Network Everywhere®Series

Figure 6-3

Upon entering the address into the web browser, a password request page will pop up, as shown in Figure 6-2a. (Windows XP users will see a “Connect to

192.168.1.1” window, shown in Figure 6-2b.)

Leave the User Name field empty, and enter admin (the default password) in lowercase letters in the Password field. Then, click the OK button.

T o appl y an y of the settings you change on a page of the Utility, click the Apply button, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered on any page of the Utility, click the Cancel button.

The Setup screen, shown in Figure 6-3, is the first screen you see when you access the web-based utility. If you hav e already installed and set up the Router , you have already seen this screen and properly conf igured all of the screen’s values. Some options on this screen remain the same while the Internet Connection option will change depending on how you connect to the Internet.

The main options are described first, with all of the Inter net Connection types following.

Host Name/Domain Name These fields allow you to supply a host and domain name for the Router. Some ISPs require these names as identification. You may have to check with your ISP to see if your broadband Internet service has been configured with a host and domain name. In most cases, leaving these fields blank will work.

Setup

Figure 6-2a

Figure 6-2b

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Wireless (Enable/Disable). In order to utilize the Router’s wireless functions, select Enable. If you do not wish to utilize any wireless functions, make sure

Disableis selected. (Note: No other wireless functions will be available unless you enable this setting.)

SSID: The SSID is a unique name for y our wireless network. It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters. The default SSID is "wireless " but you should change this to a personal wireless network name. All wireless points in your network must use the same SSID. Verify that you are using the correct SSID and click the Apply button to set it.

SSID Broadcast - Allows the SSID to be broadcast on your network. You may want to enable this function while conf iguring the Router, but make sure that you disable it when you are f inished. With this enabled, someone could easily obtain the SSID information with site survey software and gain unauthorized access to your network. Click Enable to broadcast. Click Disable to increase network security and prevent the SSID from being seen on networked PCs.

Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your network settings, between 1 and 11. All points in your wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correctly. Verify that the correct channel is selected and click the Apply button to set it.

WEP (Mandatory/Disable). In order to utilize WEP encryption, select Enable. If you do not wish to utilize WEP encryption, make sure Disable

is selected.

Internet Connection The Router supports three connection types: DHCP, PPPoE, and Static IP. Each Setup screen and available features will differ depending on what kind of connection type you select.

Obtain an IP Address Automatically

By default, the Router’s Inter net Connection is set to Obtain an IP automatically, as shown in Figure 6-3, and it should be used only if your ISP supports DHCP.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply button, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Static IP

If you are required to use a permanent IP address, then select Static

(Fixed) IP address, shown in

Figure 6-4.

IP Address This is the Router’s IP address, when seen from the Internet, or the Internet. Your ISP will provide you with the IP Address you need to specify here.

Subnet Mask This is the Router’s Subnet Mask, as seen by external users on the Internet (including your ISP). Your ISP will provide you with the Subnet Mask.

Default Gateway Address Your ISP will provide you with the Default Gateway Address, which is the ISP’s IP address.

DNS (Required) Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS (Domain Name System) Server IP Address.

T o appl y any of the settings y ou’ve changed on this page, click the Applybutton, and then click the Continue button. T o cancel any values you’v e entered on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Figure 6-4

Note: Successfully connection to the Internet means these settings are correct.

Note: To configure WEP encryption, see Appendix C: Conf iguring Wireless Security.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

The Passw ord screen, shown in Figure 6-6, allows you to set up a password and UPnP Services. You can also restore default settings on the Router.

Router Passw ord Set a password for the Router . Y ou can use up to 64 alphanumeric characters. The default password is admin. If you don’t change the password, all users on your network will be able to access the Router using the default password. For greater security, y ou should change the password from its default setting.

UPnP Services Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows Windows XP to automatically configure the Router for various Internet applications, such as gaming and videoconferencing. Click the radio button next to Enable to enable UPnP Services, or Disable to disable UPnP Services.

Restore Factory Defaults If you select the Restore Factory Defaults option and click the Apply button, you will clear all of the Router’s settings. Do not restore the factory defaults unless you are having difficulties with the Router and have exhausted all other troubleshooting measures. Once the Router is reset, you will have to re-enter all of your conf iguration data.

Figure 6-6

Password

PPPoE

Some DSL-based ISPs use PPPoE (Point-toPoint Protocol over Ethernet) to establish Internet connections. If you are connected to the Internet through a DSL line, check with your ISP to see if they use PPPoE. If they do, you will hav e to enable PPPoE, shown in Figure 6-5.

User Name and Password Enter the

User Name and Password provided by

your ISP.

Connect on Demand: Max Idle Time You can conf igure the Router to cut the connection with your ISP after a specified period of time (Max Idle Time). If you have been disconnected due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables the Router to automatically re-establish your connection as soon as you attempt to access the Internet again. If you wish to activate Connect on Demand, click the radio button. In the Max Idle Time field, enter the number of minutes you want to have elapsed before your Internet access disconnects.

Keep Alive Option: Redial Period If you select this option, the Router will periodically check your Internet connection. If you are disconnected, then the Router will automatically re-establish your connection. To use this option, click the radio button next to Keep Aliv e. In the Redial Period field, enter the number of seconds you want the Redial Period to last. The default Redial Period is 30 seconds.

T o appl y any of the settings y ou’ve changed on this page, click the Applybutton, and then click the Continue button. T o cancel any values you’v e entered on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Figure 6-5

Important: If you enable PPPoE, remember to remove any PPPoE applications that are already installed on any of your PCs.

Note: Successfully connection to the Internet means these settings are correct.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

WAN These f ields display the Router’s current MAC Address, IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gatewa y IP Address, as seen by external users on the Internet. The DNS (Domain Name System) IP Address fields show the IP address(es) of the DNS server(s) currently used by the Router. Multiple DNS IP settings are common. In most cases, the first available DNS entry is used.

DHCP Clients T able Click the DHCP Clients T able button to view the list of PCs that were given IP addresses by the Router.

DHCP

From the DHCP screen, shown in Figure 6-8, you can configure the settings to your DHCP server. A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ser ver automatically assigns an IP address to each PC on your netw ork for y ou. Unless you already have one, it is highly recommended that you leave the Router enabled as a DHCP server.

DHCP Server DHCP is already enabled by factory def ault. If you already have a DHCP server on your network, set the Router’s DHCP option to Disable. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button. If you disable DHCP, remember to assign a static IP address to the Router.

DHCP

Figure 6-8

The Status screen, shown in Figure 6-7 displays the Router’s current status; it reflects the data and selections you’ve entered using the Setup screen.

All of the information provided on this screen is read-only. To make changes, select the Setup tab.

Host Name This field shows the Router’s name.

Firmware Version This field shows the installed version and date of the

firmware.

Login This indicates if you are using a dial-up style connection, e.g., PPPoE. For PPPoE only, there is a Connect button to click if you are disconnected and want to re-establish a connection.

LAN These fields display the Router’s current MAC Address, IP Address, and Subnet Mask, as seen by users on your local area network. The DHCP Server field shows the status of the Router’s DHCP server function, which is either enabled or disabled.

Status

Figure 6-7

Note: The information provided and buttons availab le will v ary depending on the Router’s settings.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Under the Help tab, shown in Figure 6-10, you’ll find links to all of the utility’s inter nal support documentation along the left margin, including the following:

Network Everywhere Website Clicking this link will take you to Network Everywhere’s website, www.NetworkEverywhere.com, provided you are con- nected to the Internet.

Figure 6-9

Help

Figure 6-10

Starting IP Address Enter a value for the DHCP server to start with when issuing IP addresses. This value must be 192.168.1.2 or greater, because the Router’s default IP address is 192.168.1.1.

Number of DHCP Users (Optional) Enter the maximum number of PCs for the DHCP server to assign IP addresses. This number cannot be greater than

253.

DNS The Domain Name System (DNS) is how the Internet translates domain or website names into Internet addresses or URLs. Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS Server IP Address. If you wish to use another, type that IP Address in one of these fields. You can type up to three DNS Server IP Addresses here. The Router will use these for quicker access to functioning DNS servers.

DHCP Clients Table Click the DHCP Clients T ab le button to show the current DHCP Client data. (This data is stored in temporary memory and changes periodically.)

The Log tab, shown in Figure 6-9, provides you with a log of all incoming and outgoing URLs or IP addresses for your Internet connection.

Access Log To access activity logs, select the Enable option next to Access Log. This function can be disabled by clicking the Disable radio button.

Temporary logs can be accessed from the Log screen by clicking either the Incoming Access Log or Outgoing Access Log button. The Incoming Access Log gives you a log of all the incoming Internet traffic while the Outgoing Access Log lists all the URLs and IP addresses of Inter net sites that users on your network have accessed.

Log

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

• Dynamic Routing - Sets up the Router so it will automatically adjust to phys-

ical changes in the network’s layout.

• Static Routing - Sets up static routes needed when network information must

travel to a specific host or network.

• DMZ Host - Allo ws one local user to be e xposed to the Internet for use of spe-

cial-purpose services such as online gaming or videoconferencing.

• MAC Address Cloning - Allows you to “clone” your Ethernet adapter’s MAC

address onto the Router.

From the IP filters screen, shown in Figure 6-11, you can block specific internal users from accessing the Internet and enable V irtual Priv ate Netw ork (VPN) sessions. You can set up filters by using IP addresses or network port numbers (or a range of ports).

Filtered Priv ate IP Range T o set up a filter using IP addresses, enter the range of IP addresses you wish to filter in the IP address f ields. Users with f iltered IP addresses will not be able to access the Internet at all. If you only want to filter one IP address instead of a range of IP addresses, enter the same value into both fields. For instance, if you wish to filter the PC with the IP address of 192.168.1.5, enter 5 into both fields on one line: 192.168.1.5 ~ 192.168.1.5. Click the Apply button when finished.

Filtered Private Port Range To filter users by network port number, enter a network port number or a range of network ports. Select the protocol for each port number you want to filter, TCP or UDP. Enter the port numbers you want to filter in the por t numbers fields. Users connected to the Router will no longer be able to access any port number listed there. Click the Apply button when you’re done.

Time Filter This feature allows you to block access to the Internet during preset times.

Network Everywhere®Series

IP Filtering

Online manual in PDF formatand Adobe W ebsite Clicking the Online manual in PDF format link will take you to the latest version of the user guide for this Router. The guide will be in Adobe Acrobat Portable Document File (.pdf) format. You will need the Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this pdf. If you do not have the Acrobat Reader, click the Adobe Website link to download it. These links work only if you are connected to the Internet.

Upgrade Firmware New firmware versions are posted at www.NetworkEverywhere.com and can be downloaded for free. If the Router can access the Internet already, there’s no need to download a newer fir mware version, unless that version has a new feature that you want to use. (To learn about any new firmware with new features, visit www.NetworkEverywhere.com.) Loading new f irmware onto the Router does not always enhance the speed or the quality of your connection.

To upgrade the Router’s firmware:

1. Download the firmware upgrade f ile from www.NetworkEverywhere.com,

and extract the file using archive software such as WinZip.

2. Select the Help tab (see Figure 6-10).

3. Click Upgrade Firmware to display a new window.

4. Click the Browse button to find the f ir mware upgrade file you extracted.

5. Double-click the firmware file you extracted. Click the Upgrade button

and follow the on-screen instructions.

The following instructions are for advanced users or users whose setup require special configuration. When you click the Adv anced tab, y ou will be ab le to set up these features. There are six additional tabs available.

• Filters - Filters block specific inter nal users from Internet access and enable

Virtual Private Network (VPN) sessions.

• Forwarding - Sets up public services on your network.

Note: By upgrading the Router’s firmware, you may lose the Router’s

configuration settings.

Advanced

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Block WAN Requests By enabling the Block WAN Request feature, you can prevent your network from being “pinged,” or detected, by other Internet users. The Block WAN Request feature also reinforces your network security by hiding your network ports. Both functions of the Block WAN Request feature make it more difficult for outside users to work their way into your network. This feature is enabled by default.

IPSec Pass Through This feature lets you use IPSec Pass Through. IPSec Pass Through is enabled by default.

To disable IPSec Pass Through, click on Disable.

PPTP Pass Through Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is the method used to enable VPN sessions. PPTP Pass Through is enabled by default.

To disable this feature, click on Disable next to PPTP Pass Through.

L2TP Pass Thr ough This feature lets you use L2TP Pass Through. L2TP P ass Through is enabled by default.

To disable this feature, click on Disable next to L2TP Pass Through.

Remote Management This feature allows you to manage the Router from a remote location, via the Internet. To enable this feature, click on Enable, and enter the desired port number (default is 8080). Click the Apply button and then the Continue button. Remote Management must be activated before you can manage the Router from a remote location. If you wish to use this feature on the browser, enter http:\\<WAN IP Address>:8080. (Enter your specific Internet IP Address in place of <WAN IP Address>.) Remote Management involves an inherent security risk and should not be enabled without first changing the Password (from the Setup screen) from its default settings.

To disable this feature, click on Disable.

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) This feature specifies the largest packet size permitted for network transmission. Select Enable and enter the value desired. You should leave this value in the 1200 to 1500 range. Most DSL users should use the value 1492. For static and dynamic connections, the default MTU value is set at 1500 when disabled. For PPPoE connections, the default MTU value is set at 1492 when disabled.

Private MAC Filter This feature filters the Ether net adapter’s specific MAC address from going out to the Internet.

To check your Ethernet adapter’s MAC address, r un winipcfg or ipconfig in the command prompt, depending on which Windows operating system you are using. To set the MAC filter, click the Edit MA C Filter Setting button. When a second window appears (see Figure 6-14), select the range in the drop-down box, and at the MAC number prompt, enter the 12-digit MAC address you want to filter. Click the Apply button and the Continue button, before closing the window. For information on obtaining a MAC address, go to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

Figure 6-11

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

The Preset Applications at the top of the list are among the most widely used Internet applications. They include the following:

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A protocol used to transfer files over a

TCP/IP network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages for a website on a local machine, web developers typically upload the files to the web server using FTP. FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories, and cop y files. FTP operations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can also be initiated from within a web browser by entering the URL preceded by ftp://.

• Telnet A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on Internet and

TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto a remote device and run a program.

• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) The standard e-mail protocol on

the Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the message transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

• DNS (Domain Name System) The way that Internet domain names are

located and translated into IP addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.

• TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) A version of the TCP/IP FTP proto-

col that has no directory or password capability.

• Finger A UNIX command widely used on the Internet to f ind out infor-

mation about a particular user, such as his or her telephone number, w hether the user is currently logged on, and the last time the user was lo gged on. The person being “fingered” must have placed his or her prof ile on the system in order for the information to be available. Fingering requires entering the full user@domain address, for example, name@universityname.edu.

• HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) The communications protocol used

to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to establish a connection with a web server and transmit HTML pages to the client web browser.

• POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) A standard mail server commonly used on

the Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the SMTP messaging protocol. (SMTP may also need to be forwarded.)

UPnP Forwarding

Clicking the Forw arding tab will access the UPnP Forwarding screen, shown in Figure 6-12. This screen displays preset application settings as well as options for customization of port services for other applications.

Forwarding

Figure 6-12

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Port Range Forwarding

Click the View Port Range Forwarding button will access the Port Range Forwarding screen, shown in Figure 6-13. To return to the UPnP Forwarding screen, click the View UPnP Forwarding button.

Figure 6-13

• NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) The protocol used to connect to Usenet groups on the Internet.

• SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) A widely used network monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device (switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to ov ersee the network. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).

Enter the number of the inter nal port used by the server in the Int. Port column. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more information.

Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

You must check the Enable box to enable the applications you have defined. To add a Customized Application using UPnP Forwarding:

1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized Application field.

2. Next to the name of the application, enter the number of the external port used by the server in the Ext. Port column. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more information.

3. On the same line, select Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP.

4. Enter the number of the internal port used by the server in the Int. Port column. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more information.

5. Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

6. Check the Enable box to enable the services you have defined. UPnP Forwarding will not function if the Enable button is left unchecked. This is disabled (unchecked) by default.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Port Triggering

From the Port Range Forwarding or UPnP Forwarding screens,

click the Port Triggering button to

access the Port Triggering screen, shown in Figure 6-14. This allows the Router to watch outgoing data for specific port numbers. The IP address of the computer that sends the matching data is remembered by the Router, so that when the requested data returns through the Router, the data is pulled back to the proper computer by way of IP address and port mapping rules.

1. Enter the Application Name of the trigger.

2. Enter the Trigger Port Range used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

3. Enter the Incoming Port Range used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

4. Click the Apply button and then click the Continue button. Click the Cancel button to cancel any values you’ve entered.

Figure 6-14

Port Range Forwarding sets up public services on your network, such as web servers, ftp servers, e-mail servers, or other specialized Internet applications. (Specialized Internet applications are any applications that use Internet access to perform functions such as videoconferencing or online gaming. Some Internet applications may not require any forwarding.) When users send this type of request to your network via the Internet, the Router will forward those requests to the appropriate PC. Before using Forwarding, the Router’s DHCP function must be disabled under the DHCP tab and the Router must be assigned a new static LAN IP address because the IP address may change when using the DHCP server.

If you need to forward all ports to one PC, see the “DMZ” section.

To add a Customized Application using Port Range Forwarding:

1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized

Application field.

2. Next to the name of the application, enter the number of the external port

used by the server in the Ext. Port column. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more information.

3. On the same line, select Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP.

4. Enter the IP addr essof the server that you want the Internet users to be able

to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

5. Check the Enable box to enable the ser vices you have defined. Port Range Forwarding will not function if the Enable button is left unchecked. This is disabled (unchecked) by default.

6. Configure as many entries as needed—the Router supports up to 10 ranges of ports. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button when you are done.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

If the Router is connected to more than one network, it may be necessary to set up a static route between them. This can be accomplished from the Static Routing screen, shown in Figure 6-16. A static route is a pre-determined pathway that network information must travel to reach a specific host or network. From the Static Routing tab, click the Show Routing Table button to view the current static routing conf iguration.

To create a static route entry:

1. Select a Static Route Entry from the drop-down list. The Router supports

up to 20 static route entries.

Static Routing

Figure 6-16

From the Dynamic Routing screen, shown in Figure 6-15, you can enable the Router to automatically adjust to physical changes in the network’s layout. The Router, using the RIP protocol, determines the network packets’route based on the fewest number of hops betw een the source and the destination. The RIP protocol regularly broadcasts routing information to other routers on the network. To set up Dynamic Routing:

1. Choose the cor rect Working Mode. Gateway Mode should be used if the Router is hosting your network’s connection to the Internet. Router Mode should be selected if the Router exists on a network with other routers. In Router Mode, any computer connected to the Router will not be able to connect to the Internet unless you have another router functioning in the Gateway mode.

2. Choose a Dynamic Routing path protocol for either transmission (TX:) or reception (RX:) of network data by selecting Enabled.

Click the Show Routing Table button to open a chart displaying how data is routed through your LAN.

Dynamic Routing

Figure 6-15

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

From the DMZ Host screen, shown in Figure 6-17, you can expose one local user to the Internet for a special-purpose ser vice such as Internet gaming and videoconferencing.

Port Range Forwarding forwards a maximum of 10 ranges of ports, and DMZ Hosting forwards all the ports for one PC at the same time. DMZ Hosting is less secure.

• To expose one PC, enter the computer’s IP address. For more information

about finding a computer’s IP address, refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ether net Adapter.”

• Deactivate DMZ by entering 0 in the field. (This is the default setting.)

DMZ Host

Figure 6-17

To delete a Static Routing entry, select an entry, and click the Delete this entry button.

2. Enter the following data to create a new static route.

Destination LAN IP: The Destination LAN IP is the address of the remote network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the IP address of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. If you are building a route to an entire network, be sure that the network portion of the IP address is set to 0. For example, the Router’s standard IP address is 192.168.1.1. Based on this address, the address of the routed network is

192.168.1.x, with the last digit “x” determining the Router’s place on the network. Therefore you would enter the IP address 192.168.1.0 if you wanted to route to the Router’s entire network, rather than just to the Router.

Subnet Mask: The Subnet Mask determines which portion of an IP address is the network portion, and which portion is the host portion. Take, for example, a network in which the Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0. This determines (by using the values 255) that the first three numbers of a network IP address identify this par ticular network, while the last digit (from 1 to 254) identifies the specific host.

Default Gateway: This IP address should be the IP address of the gateway device that allows for contact between the Router and the remote network or host.

Hop Count: This determines the maximum number of steps between network nodes that data packets will travel. A node is any device on the network, such as PCs, print servers, routers, etc. The maximum metric, or measure, of hops is 15.

Interface: Select LAN or WAN, depending on the location of the static route’s final destination.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Before making any changes to the Wireless tab, shown in Figure 6-19, please check the wireless settings for all your wireless PCs, as these changes will alter the Router’s effectiveness. In most cases, these settings do not need to be changed.

• Firmware Version. This indicates the Router’s firmware version.

• Beacon Interval. This value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon.

A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Router to keep the network synchronized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area, the IP address, the Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps, and the Traff ic Indicator Message (TIM).

Wireless

Figure 6-19

The Router’s MAC address is a 12-digit code assigned to a unique piece of hardware for identification, like a social security number. If your ISP requires MAC address registration, find your adapter’s MAC address by following the instructions in “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

Enter the 12 digits of your adapter’s MAC address in the on-screen fields (see Figure 6-18). This “clones” your Ethernet adapter’s MAC address onto the Router, so you do NOT have to call your ISP to change the registered MAC address to the Router’s MAC address.

MAC Address Clone

Figure 6-18

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

• Station MAC Filter. This option will allow you to prevent wireless users

on your network from accessing the Router’s functions.

Clicking the Active MAC Table button will display the MAC Addresses of all users on your wireless network. Addresses in green show access to the Router, while addresses in red do not have access.

To filter users, click the Edit MAC Filter Setting button.

Click the Wireless MAC Entry drop-down menu to select a range of entries for your network. From within this range, select the entry for which you’d like to manage access. Verify that the appropriate MAC Address is entered into the MAC Address field. Click the Filter checkbox beside that MAC Address. Now, this user will be prevented from accessing the Router. All other users will have access. To allow only that user and deny access to all others, leave Filter unchecked.

Click the Apply button to set these changes or Undo if you do not wish these changes to go into effect.

Network Everywhere®Series

• RTS Threshold. This value should remain at its default setting of 2,346. Should you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modif ications are recommended.

• Fragmentation Thr eshold. This value indicates how much of the Router’s resources are devoted to recovering packet errors. The value should remain at its default setting of 2,346. If you have decreased this value and experience high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but it will likely decrease overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are recommended.

• DTIM Interval. This value indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM). A DTIM field is a countdown field informing clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and multicast messages. When the Router has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients, it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. Clients for the Router hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages.

• Basic Rates. The basic transfer rates should be set depending on the speed of your wireless network. You must select 1-2 (Mbps) if you have older

802.11 compliant equipment on your network, such as wireless adapters that support only 1 or 2 Mbps. Selecting 1-2 (Mbps), however, does not limit the basic transfer rates of faster adapters.

• TX Rates. Select all the rate at which you wish the Router to communicate within your wireless network.

• Preamble Type . The preamble defines the length of the CRC block for communication between the Router and the roaming Network Card. (High network traffic areas should use the shorter preamble type.) Select the appropriate preamble type and click the Apply button to set it.

• Authentication Type . You may choose between Open System, Shared Key, and Both. The Authentication Type def ault is set to Open System, in

which the sender and the recipient do NOT share a secret key. Each party generates its own key-pair and asks the receiver to accept the randomlygenerated key. Once accepted, this key is used for a short time only. Then a new key is generated and agreed upon. Shared Key is when both the sender and the recipient share a secret key.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

For W indo ws 2000: A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and

Dial-Up Connections.

B. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

C. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight

Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use the following IP address option.

D. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the

network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

E. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0. F. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address). G. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided b y y our ISP). Contact y our ISP or go on its w ebsite to find

the information.

H. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window,

and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

I. Restart the computer if asked.

For W indo ws XP:

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for Windows 2000.

A. Click Start and Control Panel. B. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network

Connections icon.

C. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

D. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button.

E. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the net-

work connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges

192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

F. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0. G. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s def ault IP address). H. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided b y y our ISP). Contact y our ISP or go on its w ebsite to find

the information.

Appendix A:Troubleshooting

This appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and “Frequently Asked Questions.” Provided are possible solutions to problems regarding the installation and operation of the Router . If your situation is described here, the problem should be solved by appl ying the corresponding solution. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com.

1. I need to set a static IP address on a PC.

The Router, by default, assigns an IP address range of 192.168.1.100 to

192.168.1.149 using the DHCP server on the Router. To set a static IP address, you

can only use the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Each PC or network device that uses TCP/IP must have a unique

address to identify itself in a network. If the IP address is not unique to a netw ork, Windows will generate an IP conflict er ror message. You can assign a static IP address to a PC by performing the following steps:

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network. B. In The following network components are installed box, select the TCP/IP->

associated with your Ethernet adapter. If you only have one Ethernet adapter installed, you will only see one TCP/IP line with no association to an Ethernet adapter. Highlight it and click the Properties button.

C. In the TCP/IP properties window , select the IP addr esstab, and select Specify

an IP address. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Make sure that each IP address is unique for each PC or network device.

D. Click the Gateway tab, and in the New Gateway prompt, enter 192.168.1.1,

which is the default IP address of the Router. Click the Add button to accept the entry.

E. Click the DNS tab, and make sure the DNS Enabled option is selected. Enter

the Host and Domain names (e.g., John for Host and home for Domain). Enter the DNS entry provided by your ISP. If your ISP has not provided the DNS IP address, contact your ISP to get that information or go to its website for the information.

F. Click the OK button in the TCP/IP properties window, and click Close or the

OK button for the Network window.

G. Restart the computer when prompted.

Common Problems and Solutions

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win- dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

• Restart the computer if asked.

B. Open a command prompt.

• For Windows 98 SE and Me, please click Start and Run. In the Open field, type in command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

• For Windows 2000 and XP, please click Start and Run. In the Open field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

C. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your Ethernet adapter.

D. In the command prompt, type ping followed by your WAN IP address and

press the Enter key. The WAN (or Internet) IP Address can be found in the web inter-face of the Router . For example, if your WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4, you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

E. In the command prompt, type ping www.yahoo.com and press the Enter

key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

• If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection. Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

3. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

you have connectivity.

B. If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your

ISP, please see “Appendix D: Finding the MAC address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the MAC Address Clone section of “Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details.

I. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.

Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

2. I want to test my Internet connection.

A. Check your TCP/IP settings.

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

Refer to your Ethernet adapter’s documentation for details. Make sure

Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.

For W indo ws 2000:

• Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections.

• Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

• In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Pr opertiesbutton. Make sure that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected.

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win- dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

• Restart the computer if asked.

For Windows XP:

• Click Start and Control Panel.

• Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network Connections icon.• Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

• In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Change the IP address for the Router to another subnet to avoid a conflict between the VPN IP address and your local IP address. For example, if your VPN server assigns an IP address 192.168.1.X (X is a number from 1 to 254) and your local LAN IP address is 192.168.1.X (X is the same number used in the VPN IP address), the Router will have difficulties routing information to the right location. If you change the Router’s IP address to 192.168.2.1, that should solve the problem. Change the Router’s IP address through the Setup tab of the web interface. If you assigned a static IP address to an y computer or network device on the network, you need to change its IP address accordingly to

192.168.2.Y (Y being any number from 1 to 254). Note that each IP address must be unique within the network.

Your VPN may require port 500/UDP packets to be passed to the computer that is connecting to the IPSec server. Refer to “Problem #7, I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications” for details.

Check the Network Everywhere website for more information at www.net- workeverywhere.com.

6. I need to set up a server behind my Router.

To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web; port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110 (POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information by viewing the documentation provided with the server you installed. Follow these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility . W e will be setting up web, ftp, and mail servers.

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab. B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application. C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

have a web server, you would enter the range 80 to 80. D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP. E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ether net

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

C. Make sure you are using the right Internet settings. Contact your ISP to see

if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE (commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Setup section of “Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details on Internet settings.

D. Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has

a solidly lit Link LED.

E. Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is con-

nected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the Router’s web interface shows a valid IP address from your ISP.

F. Turn off the computer, Router, and cable/DSL modem. Wait 30 seconds,

and then turn on the Router, cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get an IP address.

4. I am not able to access the Router’s web interface Setup page.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

your computer is properly connected to the Router.

B. Refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, and DNS.

C. Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #1: I need to set a

static IP address.”

D. Refer to “Problem #10: I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up

pop-up window (for PPPoE users).”

5. I can’t get my Virtual Private Network (VPN) working through the Router.

Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router, and go to the Advanced => Filter tab. Make sure you

have IPsec pass-through and/or PPTP pass-through enabled.

VPNs that use IPSec with the ESP (Encapsulation Security Payload known as protocol 50) authentication will work fine. At least one IPSec session will w ork through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

VPNs that use IPSec and AH (Authentication Header known as protocol 51) are incompatible with the Router . AH has limitations due to occasional incompatibility with the NAT standard.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

F. Check the Enableoption for the port services you want to use. Consider the

example below:

Customized Ext. Port TCP UDP IP Address Enable Application UT 7777 to 27900 X X 192.168.1.100 X Halflife 27015 to 27015 X X 192.168.1.105 X PC Anywhere 5631 to 5631 X 192.168.1.102 X VPN IPSEC 500 to 500 X 192.168.1.100 X

When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.

8. I can’t get the Internet game,server,or application to work.

If you are having diff iculties getting any Internet game, server, or application to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an application requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to successfully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port forwarding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device you set for DMZ hosting.) Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting:

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab. B. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this

information in case you want to use it at a later time. C. Click the DMZ Host tab. D. Enter the Ether net adapter’s IP address of the computer you want exposed

to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT firewall for that computer. Please

refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Once completed with the configuration, click the Apply button.

F. Check the Enableoption for the port services you want to use. Consider the

example below:

Customized Ext. Port TCP UDP IP Address Enable Application Web server 80 to 80 X X 192.168.1.100 X FTP server 21 to 21 X 192.168.1.101 X SMTP (outgoing) 25 to 25 X X 192.168.1.102 X POP3 (incoming)110 to 110 X X 192.168.1.102 X

When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.

7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.

If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific computer. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online game hosting or use a certain Internet application:

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab. B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application. C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

want to host Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to

27900.

D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP. E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ether net

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

12. I need to upgrade the firmware.

In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the Network Everywhere website and download the latest fir mware at www.net- workeverywhere.com. Follow these steps:

A. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.networkeverywhere.com and

download the latest firmware.

B. To upgrade the f irmware, follow the steps in the Help section found in

“Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.”

13. The firmware upgrade failed,and/or the Diag LED is flashing.

The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to upgrade the f ir mware and/or make the Diag LED stop flashing:

A. If the firmware upgrade failed, use the TFTP program (it was downloaded

along with the firmware). Open the pdf that was do wnloaded along with the fir mware and TFTP program, and follow the pdf’s instructions.

B. Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #1, I need to set a stat-

ic IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you are using:

IP Address: 192.168.1.50 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway: 192.168.1.1

C. Perform the upgrade using the TFTP program or the Router’s web-based

utility through its Help tab.

14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.

PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dialup connection to the Internet. There is a setup option to “keep alive” the connection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connection periodically.

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. In the Setup tab, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period

option at 20 (seconds). D. Click the Apply button. E. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.

9. I forgot my password,or the password prompt always appears when saving settings to the Router.

Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for 30 seconds and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when saving settings, then perform the following steps:

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the Password tab.

B. Enter a different passwor din the Router Password field, and enter this ne w

password in the second field to confir m the password.

C. Click the Apply button.

10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up popup window.

If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer. Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use is set to connect directly to the LAN.

For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher: A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options. B. Click the Connections tab. C. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked. D. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen. E. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up

pop-ups for PPPoE users.

For Netscape 4.7 or higher: A. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and

Proxies.

B. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this

screen.

C. Close all the windows to finish.

11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default.

Hold the Reset button for up to 30 seconds and then release it. This will return the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory default settings. In other words, the Router will rever t to its original factory configuration.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

17. The Diag LED stays lit continuously.

• The Diag LED lights up when the device is f irst powered on. Then, the system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show that the system is working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not working properly. Try to flash the firmware by assigning a static IP address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using the following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask:

255.255.255.0.

18. When I enter a URL or IP address,I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry .

• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that y our w orkstation’s IP settings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway , and DNS). Restart the computer that is having a problem.

• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.)

• If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection (DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly. You can remov e the Router to verify a direct connection.

• Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your ISP.

• Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dialup is disabled. For Inter net Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Nev er

dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.

19. The Full/Col LED keeps flickering continuously.

• Check the Category 5 Ethernet cable and its RJ-45 connectors.

• There may be interference with other network devices. Try removing other PCs or network devices to see if the problem persists. Eliminate each network device one at a time to determine the cause.

Network Everywhere®Series

F. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to

refresh the screen, until you see the login status display as Connected.

G. Click the Apply button to continue.

If the connection is lost again, follow steps E to G to re-establish connection.

15. I can't access my email, web,or VPN, or I am getting corrupted data from the Internet.

The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recommended to use MTU 1492. If you are having some dif ficulties, perform the following steps:

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. Click the Advanced => Filter tab. D. Look for the MTU option, and select Enable. In the Size field, enter 1492. E. Click the Apply button to continue.

If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved:

1462 1400 1362 1300

16. I need to use port triggering.

Port triggering looks at the outgoing port services used and will trigger the Router to open a specific port, depending on which port an Internet application uses. Follow these steps:

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. Click theAdv anced => Forwarding tab, and click the Port T rigger button. D. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name. E. Enter the Triggered Port Range. Check with your Internet application

provider for more information on which outgoing port services it is using. F. Enter the Incoming Port Range. Check with your Internet Application

provider for more information on which incoming port services are

required by the Internet application.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

I set up an Unreal Tournament Server,but others on the LAN cannot join. What do

I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you

need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports 7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well but is used for remote admin. You may have to disable this.), and then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP.

Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously

with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what

kind of game server you are using. For e xample, Unreal Tournament supports multi-login with one public IP.

How do I get

Half-Life:Team Fortress

to work with the Router? The default client

port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have “+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server. One prob lem:Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with

1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server computer.

The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are

being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet

adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate” feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.) Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our website at www.linksys.com for more information.

If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding

down the reset button for about 30 seconds. Reset your cable or DSL modem by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest fir mware release that is readily available on the Network Everywhere website, www.networkeverywhere.com.

What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The

Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.

Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router?Yes, it is a built-in feature that

the Router automatically enables.

Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the

Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet por t.

Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol stan-

dard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections, but those protocols cannot connect from Internet to LAN.

Does the Router’s Internet port support 100 Mbps Ethernet? Because of the speed

limitations of broadband Internet connections, the Router’s current hardware design supports 10 Mbps Ethernet on its Internet port. It does, of course, support 100 Mbps over its LAN ports.

What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address

Translation (N AT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP.

Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98 SE,

Windows 2000, Windows NT, or Windows XP? Yes, but Network Everywhere

does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.

Does the Router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following f ix: click ICQ

menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a f irewall or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall set-

ting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.

Frequently Asked Questions

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can

establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges of ports.

Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?

No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL modem.

Which modems are compatible with the Router? The Router is compatible with

virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.

What are the advanced features of the Router? The Router’s advanced features

include IP Filtering, Port Range Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static Routing, DMZ hosting, and MAC Address Cloning.

What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router?

The maximum number depends on many factors. At least one IPSec session will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP Addresses? Consult your ISP

to obtain this information.

How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Under the Port Range Forwarding

tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.

Can the Router act as my DHCP Server? Yes. The Router has DHCP Server soft-

ware built-in.

Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This

will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the application’s documentation to determine if it supports operation over a network.

What is the IEEE 802.11b standard? The IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN standards

subcommittee formulates the standard for the industry. The objective is to enable wireless LAN hardware from dif ferent manufacturers to communicate.

Network Everywhere®Series

How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Network

Everywhere firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at www.networkeverywhere.com, where they can be downloaded for free. The Router’s firmware can be upgraded with TFTP programs. If the Router’s Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer fir mware version, unless that version contains new features that you would like to use. Downloading a more current version of Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt your current connection stability.

Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup

pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or higher for Macintosh.

I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?

You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the

Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.

What is DMZ Hosting? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (com-

puter) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

If DMZ Hosting is used,does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?

No.

Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router

allows PPTP packets to pass through.

Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet

and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.

Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features

two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of scrambling. On the software side, the WLAN series offers the encryption function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Users can set it up depending upon their needs.

What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism

based on a 40/64 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

What is a MAC Address? The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique

number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all practical purposes, this number is usually permanent. Unlike IP addresses, which can change ever y time a computer logs on to the network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable identifier for the network.

If your questions are not addressed here,

refer to the Network Everywhere website,

www.networkeverywhere.com.

Network Everywhere®Series

What IEEE 802.11 features are supported? The product suppor ts the following

IEEE 802.11 functions:

• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol

• Multi-Channel Roaming

• Automatic Rate Selection

• RTS/CTS feature

• Fragmentation

• Power Management

What is BSS ID? A specif ic Ad-hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS).

Computers in a BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID.

What is SSID? An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming

capability for mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could roam freely between BSSs while maintaining a continuous connection to the wireless network stations and Access Points.

What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set

aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe.

What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio fre-

quency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the tradeoff produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spreadspectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main variations, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).

What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency

Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiv er. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver , FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

3. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping mail” (assuming that the loca-

tion for which you’re trying to f ind an IP address is configured as “mail”). Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of Microsoft Network’s e-mail server, will be displayed.

4. Write down the IP address returned by the ping command. (In the

example above: 24.53.32.4.) This IP address is the actual IP address of the server “mail,” or any other word or value you have pinged.

Step T w o:Pinging for a Web Address

While the IP address returned above w ould work as your e-mail server address, it may not be permanent. IP addresses change all the time. Web addresses, however, usually don’t. Because of this, you’re likely to have fewer problems by configuring your system with web addresses rather than IP addresses. Follow the instructions below to find the web address assigned to the IP address you just pinged.

1. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping -a 24.53.32.4,” where

24.53.32.4 is the IP address you just pinged. Information such as the following data will be displayed.

C:\>ping mail

Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Appendix B: How to Ping Yo u r ISP’s E-mail and Web Addresses

Virtually all Internet addresses are configured with words or characters (i.e., www.networkeverywhere.com, www.yahoo.com, etc.) In actuality, however, these Internet addresses are assigned to IP addresses, which are the true addresses on the Internet.

IP and web addresses, however, can sometimes be long and hard to remember. Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words or codes on their users’ web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISP’s email and web server addresses are configured with single words (“www,” “email,” “home,” “pop3,” etc.) rather than whole Internet Addresses or IP Addresses, the Router may have problems sending or receiving mail and accessing the Internet. This happens because the Router has not been configured by your ISP to accept their abbreviated ser ver addresses.

The solution is to determine the true web addresses behind your ISP’s code words. You can determine the IP and web addresses of your ISP’s servers by “pinging” them.

Step One: Pinging an IP Address

The first step to deter mining your ISP’s web and e-mail server address is to ping its IP address.

1. Power on the computer and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the

network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it.

2. Click Start, then Run, and type “command.” This will bring up the DOS

window.

NNoottee::

If you don’t have your ISP’s web and e-mail IP addresses, you must either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior to connecting the Router to your network.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix C:Configuring Wireless Security

An acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy, WEP is an encryption method used to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses a combination of 64bit or 128-bit keys to provide access control to your network and encryption security for every data transmission. To decode a data transmission, each point in a network must use an identical 64-bit or 128-bit key. Higher encryption levels mean higher levels of security, but due to the complexity of the encr yption, they may mean decreased network performance.

You may also have heard the term “40-bit” used in conjunction with WEP encryption. This is simply another term for 64-bit WEP encryption. This level of WEP encr yption has been called 40-bit because it uses a 40-bit secret key along with a 24-bit Initialization Vector (40 + 24 = 64). Wireless vendors may use either name. Network Everywhere uses the term “64-bit” when referring to this level of encryption.

Make sure your wireless netw ork is functioning before attempting to configure WEP encryption.

A 128-bit WEP encrypted wireless network will NOT communicate with a 64bit WEP encr ypted wireless network. Therefore, make sure that all of your wireless devices are using the same encryption level. All wireless de vices complying with the 802.11b standard will support 64-bit WEP.

In addition to enabling WEP, Network Everywhere also recommends the following security implementations:

• Changing the SSID from the def ault “wireless”

• Changing the WEP key regularly

Note: WEP encryption is an additional data securi-

ty measure and not essential for router operation.

Note: In order for WEP Encryption to be enabled, wireless functions must first be enabled. Select Enable under the Wireless section before proceeding.

2. Write down the web address returned by the ping command (in the

example above: mail.msnv3.occa.home.com.). This web address is the web address assigned to the IP address you just pinged. While the IP address of “mail” could conceivably change, it is likely that this web address will not.

3. Replace your ISP’s abbreviated server address with this extended web

address in the corresponding Internet application (web browser, e-mail application, etc.).

Once you have replaced the brief ser ver address with the true server address, the Router should have no problem accessing the Inter net through that Internet application.

C:\>ping -a 24.53.32.4

Pinging mail.msnv3.occa.home.com [24.53.32.4] with

32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127 Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

• WEP (64Bit or 128B) Select the level of encryption from the drop-down

box. 128-bit WEP encryption is unique to Network Everywhere and may conflict with other vendors’WEP encryption.

The WEP Encryption key is generated in one of two ways:

1. You may create an encryption key by using a Passphrase.

a. Enter a Passphrase, a user-def ined password, into the Passphrase f ield.

The Passphrase can be a maximum of 31 letters, symbols, and numbers. No spaces can be used.

b. Click the Generate button to create a key. The key will be 10 digits if

you chose 64-bit encryption, or 26 digits if you chose 128-bit encryption. This key will be used to encrypt and decrypt the data being sent between the Router and your network’s wireless PCs.

The Key field may not display all digits. Using the mouse, click anywhere within the Key field. Move the cursor to the right to view the rest of the Key. Make sure your write down the entire Key EXACTLY the way it is displayed.

2. You may enter the encryption key manually.

Make a note of the Passphrase or Manual Key. You will need it for the other wireless devices on the network, as the same WEP encryption key must be entered in all wireless devices on the network.

Once you have chosen your key encryption method and entered either the Passphrase or manual key, click the Apply button, and the encryption portion of the setup is complete.

Note: In order to utilize WEP encryption, all points in your wireless network must have WEP enabled and be set to the same Key Setting.

Note: In Windows XP, a 128-bit Key generated by the Router will be called a "104 bits (26 digits)" key, and a 64-bit Key generated by the Router will be called a “40 bits (10 digits)” key.

The following steps will show you how to utilize WEP encryption

1. From the Web-based Utility’s Setup tab, select Mandatory under the WEP

section.

2. Press the WEP Key Setting button to set the WEP Encryption type and

level.

3. The screen displayed in Figure C-1 may appear, verifying that you are enabling WEP Encryption. Press the OK button to continue.

4. This will display the screen shown in Figure C-2. From this screen, y ou will choose your WEP Encryption settings.

Figure C-2

Figure C-1

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

2. In the “Control Panel” window, click the Network and Internet Connections icon, shown in Figure C-4.

3. Click the Network Connections icon, shown in Figure C-5.

4. The “Network Connections” window will appear, as shown in Figure C-6. Under LAN or High-Speed Internet you will see all Network cards that are installed and operating in your computer. Double-click the Wireless Network Connection icon associated with your wireless adapter.

If the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, continue to the next step

Figure C-4

Figure C-5

As Windows XP does not allow for the use of the Network Everywhere Passphrase feature with the wireless PC adapters, you will need to manually enter the key generated in the previous section.

The following steps will help you enable WEP and enter the encryption key manually for your wireless PC cards, in order to enable your Windows XP system to communicate with the Router wirelessly.

These steps assume that your CD-ROM drive is letter D and that you are running Windows XP in the default mode.

Be sure you have the WEP Key generated by the Router.

1. As shown in Figure C-3, click the Start button and go to the Control Panel.

Figure C-3

Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

6. When the “Wireless Network Connection Properties” window appears, as in Figure C8, click the Wireless NetworksTab.

7. If the appropriate wireless network, specified by the Router’s SSID, is displayed in the “Preferred networks” section, as shown in Figure C-9, doubleclick it and continue to the next step.

Otherwise, click on the appropriate wireless network, specified by the Router’s SSID, in the “Available networks” section. Then, click the Configure button

Figure C-8

Figure C-9

If a “Connect to Wireless Network” window appears, in the Available Networks section, click the desired wireless network, specified by the Router’s SSID. Then, doub le-click the W ir eless Netw ork Connectionicon.

5. When the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, as in

Figure C-7, click the Properties button.

Figure C-6

Figure C-7

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix D:Finding the MAC Address and IPAddress for Yo u r Ethernet Adapter

This section describes how to find the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter to do either MAC Filtering or MAC Address Cloning for the Router and ISP. You can also f ind the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. The IP address is used for filtering, forwarding, and DMZ. Follow these steps to find the MAC address or IP address for your adapter in Windows 98SE, ME, 2000, and XP.

For Windows 98 SE and ME:

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open f ield, enter winipcfg, as shown in

Figure D-1. Then press the Enter key or the OK button.

2. When the IP Configuration window appears, as shown in Figure D-2, select

the Ethernet adapter you are using to connect to the Router via a CAT 5 Ethernet cable.

Figure D-1

Figure D-2

8. The “Wireless Network Properties” window (shown in Figure C-10) will appear.

Click the check box for the Data encryption (WEP enabled) option.

Remove the check from the Network Authentication (Shared mode) and The key is provided for me automatically fields.

In the "Network key" field, enter the exact Key (all 10 or 26 digits, depending on the level of encryption) generated by the Router.

Verify that the “Key format” field displays “Hexadecimal digits” and that the “Key length” field displays either “40 bits (10 digits)” or “104 bits (26 digits)”. If this is not displayed, you have entered the key incorrectly.

Click the OK button to save the settings. Click on OK buttons until you get back to the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window. Close any open windows to get back to the Windows XP desktop.

Close any applications and reboot your PC. After reboot, WEP configuration is complete and you should be able to connect wirelessly to the Router.

Figure C-10

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

2. In the command prompt, enter ipconf ig /all. Then press the Enter key.

3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen; it is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This will appear as a series of letters and numbers.

The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC Address Cloning or MAC Filtering.

The example in Figure D-5 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

Figure D-5

Note: The MAC address is also called the Physical Address.

3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see Figure D-3). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and will be shown as a series of numbers and letters.

The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC Address Cloning or MAC Filtering.

The example in Figure F-3 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

For Windows 2000 and XP:

The following steps sho w an alternativ e w ay of obtaining the MAC address and IP address for your Ethernet adapter.

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd, as shown in Figure D-4. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

Figure D-3

Figure D-4

Note: The MAC address is also called the Adapter Address.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix E: Glossary

10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs. 100BaseTX - IEEE physical la y er specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of

Category 5 cable. Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or

connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or Internet.

Auto-neg otiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet 10/100 cards and switches can determine the highest speed of the node they are connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly.

Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits per second (bps).

Bit – A binary digit. The value—0 or 1—used in the binary numbering system. Also, the smallest form of data.

Boot – To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal computers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it, and pass control to it.

Bridge - A device that interconnects different networks together. Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the

bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data, and video signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to deliver dozens of channels over one cable.

Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word “browser” seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user interfaces that let you browse text files online.

Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature

When entering the information using the Router’s web-based utility, you will type the 12-digit MAC address in this format, XXXXXXXXXXXX without the hyphens for MAC Filtering. See Figure D-6.

When entering information for MAC Address Cloning, type the 12-digit MAC address (see Figure D-7).

Figure D-6

Figure D-7

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that need a permanent IP address.

DMZ - (DeMilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP address if you want to use DMZ Hosting.

DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way that Internet domain names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.

Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a g roup of clients and ser vers under the control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves performance and security.

Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications session, download means receive, and upload means transmit.

Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP addresses.

Dynamic Routing - The ability for a router to forward data via a different route based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For example, it can adjust for overloaded traff ic or failing lines and is much more flexible than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.

Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of 10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.

Firewall - A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway server, that protects the resources of a netw ork from users from other networks. (The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data resources and for controlling what outside resources to which its own users have access.

Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router, examines each network packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.

Network Everywhere®Series

asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to the Internet).

CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify “categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100 Mbps and is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the network, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the car rier). If it is not, it waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the collision is detected, they both back off and each waits a random amount of time before retrying.

Data Packet - One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data communications is based on dividing the transmitted message into packets. F or e xample, an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in length.

Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traff ic that is not addressed to a station within the local subnet.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet’s set of protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and, if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.

DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s especially useful in education and other environments where users change frequently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

ing the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the wellbeing of our members.”

The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. The organization publishes a number of jour nals, has many local chapters, and has several lar ge societies in special areas, such as the IEEE Computer Society.

IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Inter net Protocol (IP) today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identif ies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. When you request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address it received.

IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, def ining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and 2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - IPSec is a developing standard for securi- ty at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A big advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled without requiring changes to individual user computers.

ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as website building and virtual hosting.

LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building).

Latency - The time delay between when the first bit of a packet is received and the last bit is forwarded.

MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.

Firmware - Code that is written onto read-only memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto the ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned off.

Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). F or example, after de v eloping the HTML pages for a website on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the Web server using FTP.

FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories, and copy files. It can also convert betw een the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP operations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded with ftp://.

Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program files have to be “attached,” FTP is designed to handle binary files directly and does not add the overhead of encoding and decoding the data.

Full Duplex - The ability of a device or line to transmit data simultaneously in both directions.

Gateway – A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols.

Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a time.

Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a wa y to distinguish the “box” and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be known as the software.

HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to establish a connection with a Web ser ver and transmit HTML pages to the client browser.

IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE describes itself as “the world's largest technical professional society—promot-

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - A simple routing protocol that is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. It determines a route based on the smallest hop count between source and destination. RIP is a distance vector protocol that routinely broadcasts routing information to its neighboring routers.

RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.

Router - Protocol-dependent device that connects subnetworks together. Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnetworks; they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput rates than bridges.

Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications, and other ser vices.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the message transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device (switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the network. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management Information Base), which is a data structure that def ines what is obtainable from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).

Software- Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs a particular task is called a “program.” The two major categories of softw are are “system software” and “application software.” System software is made up of control programs such as the operating system and database management system (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the user.

A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the hardware how to process the data.

Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a TCP/IP network.

Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Static routing cannot adjust to changing line conditions as can dynamic routing.

Network Everywhere®Series

Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of measurement for data transmission.

mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for logging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.

NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP address known within another network. One network is designated the inside network and the other is the outside.

Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video, and/or data between users.

Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traff ic based on its originating address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.).

Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonl y used on the Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the SMTP messaging protocol.

Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a switch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal computer are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems, and printers.

PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - PPPoE is a method for the encapsulation of PPP packets over Ether net frames from the user to the ISP over the Internet. One reason PPP oE is preferred by ISPs is because it provides authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport. A PPP oE session can be initiated by either a client application residing on a PC, or by client fir mware residing on a modem or router.

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol which allo ws the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. PPTP does not specify any changes to the PPP protocol but rather describes a “tunneling service” for carrying PPP (a tunneling ser vice is any network service enabled by tunneling protocols such as PPTP, L2F, L2TP, and IPSEC tunnel

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

the actual delivery of the data (routing), UDP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. UDP is known as a “connection-less” protocol due to NOT requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet (as opposed to TCP).

Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version. Upload - To send a f ile transmitted over a network. In a communications ses-

sion, upload means transmit, and download means receive. URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to a file

on the Web or any other Internet facility. URLs are typed into the browser to access Web pages, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves to provide the hypertext links to other pages.

WAN (Wide Area Network) - A communications network that covers a rela- tively lar ge geo graphic area, consisting of two or more LANs. Broadband communication over the WAN is often through public networks such as the telephone (DSL) or cable systems, or through leased lines or satellites. In its most basic definition, the Inter net could be considered a WAN.

WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying, defining, and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

Workgroup - Two or more individuals that share files and databases.

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Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of subgroups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a f ield for subnets.

Switch – 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between netw ork devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a “connection oriented” protocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com- munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network (developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of protocols and not only TCP and IP.

Telnet - A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto a remote device and run a program.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password capability.

Throughput- The amount of data mo ved successfull y from one place to another in a given time period.

Topology - A network’s topology is a logical characterization of how the devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The most common network devices include switches, routers, and gateways. Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most important of which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area connections.

TX Rate – Transmission Rate. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP

(Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between netw ork devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix G:Warranty Information

BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE.

NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. NETWORK EVERYWHERE PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE FOR MORE DETAILS.

Appendix F:Specifications

Standards 802.11b, 802.3, 802.3u Ports Four 10/100 switch ports, One Internet Port Buttons Uplink Cabling Type Ethernet Category 5 or better 10/100 LED Indicators WLAN(Act, Link) Power, Ethernet(Link/Act,

Full/Col, 100), Internet(Link, Act, Diag)

Transmit Power TX:16 dBm (40mW). RX: 11Mbps (-78dBm),

2Mbps (-82dBm) Gain: 2dBi

UPnP able/cert UPnP compatible Security Features MAC,IP, time and port filtering. DoS prevention.

Dimensions 6.69" x 1.06" x 5.83"

(17 mm x 27 mm x 148 mm)

Unit Weight 15 oz. (0.42 kg) Power 5V 2.0A Certifications FCC,Wi-Fi Operating Temp. 0°C to 55°C (32°F to 122°F) Storage Temp. -40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F) Operating Humidity 20% to 95%, Non-condensing Storage Humidity 20% to 95%, Non-condensing

Environmental

Network Everywhere®Series

Appendix H:Contact Information

For help with the installation or operation of the Wireless Cable/DSL Router, contact Network Everywhere Technical Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below.

Technical Support 949-271-5470, M-F, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm (PST) Fax 949-265-6655 Email support@NetworkEverywhere.com Web site http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com

http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com

Linksys NWR04B User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual