Leica TPS400 VERSION 2.1 User Manual

Leica TPS400 Series

User Manual

Version 2.1

English

Electronical Total Station

Congratulations on your purchase of a new Leica Geosystems Total Station.

This manual contains important safety directions as well as instructions for

setting up the product and operating it. Refer to "Safety Directions" for further information.

Read carefully through the User Manual before you switch on the product.

Product identification

The model and the serial number of your product is indicated on the type plate.

Enter the model and the serial number in your manual and always refer to this information when you need to contact your agency or Leica Geosystems authorized service workshop.

Type: ____________ Serial no.: ____________

Symbols used in this manual

The symbols used in this User Manual have the following meanings:

m DANGER

Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

m WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation or an unintended use which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

m CAUTION

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation or an unintended use which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury and / or appreciable material, financial and environmental damage.

Important paragraphs which must be adhered to in practice as they enable the product to be used in a technically correct and efficient manner.

TPS400-2.1.0en

2

Trademarks

•Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation

•Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

3

TPS400-2.1.0en

Contents - Overview
Introduction ....................................................	8
Operating the product .............................	17
Measuring Preparation / Setting up..	25
FNC Key..........................................................	41
Programs .......................................................	45
Settings...........................................................	77
EDM Settings ...............................................	82
File Management........................................	87
Start-up sequence .....................................	90
Calibrations ..................................................	91
COMM Parameters ....................................	95
Data Transfer ...............................................	96
System Info...................................................	97
Care and Storage .......................................	98

Safety Directions......................................	107
Technical Data...........................................	130
Index...............................................................	140

TPS400-2.1.0en

4

Contents - Overview

Contents

	Introduction ....................................................		8	External power supply for total
	Special features...............................................		9	station..............................................................		27
	Important parts...............................................		10	Setting up the tripod......................................		28
	Technical terms and abbreviations ............		11	Centring with laser plummet,
	Area of applicability.......................................		14	coarse level-up ..............................................		30
	Installation on the PC .....................................		14	Fine tuning in the horizontal with the
	Program content.............................................		14	electronic bubble ...........................................		31
	Power Supply.................................................		16	Laser intensity................................................		32
	Operating the product		17	Hints for positioning ......................................		32
				Input mode - method 1		33
	Keypad		17
				Input mode - method 2		33
	Fixed keys		18
				Edit mode		34
	Trigger key		18
				Erasing characters		34
	Distance measurement		19
				Inserting characters		35
	Softkeys		22
				Numerical and Alphanumerical input		36
	Symbols		23
				Pointsearch		38
	Status symbol "EDM type"		23
				Wildcard search		39
	Status symbol "Battery capacity"		23
				Measuring		40
	Status symbol "Compensator" .......................		23
	Menu tree........................................................		24	FNC Key..........................................................		41
	Measuring Preparation / Setting up..		25	Light On /Off...................................................		41
	Unpacking		25	Level/Plummet...............................................		41
				IR/ RL Toggle		41
	Inserting / Replacing Battery		26
	Contents		5		TPS400-2.1.0en

Laser Pointer..................................................	41
Free-Coding ...................................................	41
Units.................................................................	41
Target Offset ..................................................	42
Height Transfer..............................................	43
Programs .......................................................	45
Application pre-settings................................	45
Setting job ......................................................	45
Setting Station................................................	46
Orientation......................................................	47
Applications....................................................	51
Introduction ....................................................	51
Surveying .......................................................	51
Stake out ........................................................	52
Free Station....................................................	55
Reference Line...............................................	61
Tie Distance ...................................................	68
Area (plan) .....................................................	70
Remote Height ...............................................	71
Construction ...................................................	72
Coding.............................................................	74

Settings...........................................................	77
EDM Settings ...............................................	82
File Management........................................	87
Start-up sequence .....................................	90
Calibrations ..................................................	91
Line-of-sight error (Hz-collimation).............	92
V-Index (Vertical index error) ......................	92
COMM Parameters ....................................	95
Data Transfer ...............................................	96
System Info...................................................	97
Care and Storage.......................................	98
Transport ........................................................	98
In the field.......................................................	98
Inside vehicle .................................................	99
Shipping .........................................................	99
Storage............................................................	99
Batteries .......................................................	100
Cleaning .......................................................	100
Checking and adjusting..............................	102
Tripod ...........................................................	102
Circular level ................................................	102

TPS400-2.1.0en

6

Contents

Circular level on the tribrach ........................	103
Laser plummet .............................................	103
Reflectorless EDM .......................................	104
Safety Directions......................................	107
Intended Use................................................	107
Permitted use ...............................................	107
Adverse use .................................................	107
Limits of Use ................................................	108
Responsibilities............................................	109
International Waranty, Software Licence
Agreement ....................................................	110
Hazards of Use............................................	111
Laser classification......................................	115
Integrated Distancer, Invisible Laser............	115
Electronic Guide Light EGL..........................	122
Laser plummet .............................................	123
Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC ........	126
FCC Statement (Applicable in U.S.) ........	128
Technical Data...........................................	130
Atmospheric correction ..............................	136
Reduction formulae ......................................	138
Index...............................................................	140

Contents

7

TPS400-2.1.0en

Introduction

The Leica Geosystems TPS400 is a high-quality electronic total station designed for the construction site.

Its innovative technology makes the daily surveying jobs easier.

The product is ideally suited for simple construction surveys and setting out tasks.

The easy operation of the product functions can be learned without problems in no time.

TC400Z1

TPS400-2.1.0en

8

Introduction

Special features

•Easy and quickly to learn !

•Interactive keys; with large and clear LCD.

•Small, light-weight and easy-to-use.

•Measurements without reflector with the integrated visible laser beam (TCR products).

•Additional trigger key on side cover.

•Continuous drives for horizontal and vertical angles (tangent screws).

•With laser plummet as standard.

Introduction

9

TPS400-2.1.0en

Important parts
	1)	Optical sight
	2)	Integrated guide light EGL (optional)
	3)	Vertical drive
	4)	Battery
	5)	Battery stand for GEB111
	6)	Battery cover
	7)	Eyepiece; focussing graticule
	8)	Focussing telescope image
	9)	Detachable carrying handle with mounting
		screws
	10)	Serial interface RS232
	11)	Foot screw
	12)	Objective with integrated Electronic Distance
		Measurement (EDM); Beam exit
	13)	Display
	14)	Keyboard
	15)	Circular level
	16)	On/Off key
	17)	Trigger key
	18)	Horizontal drive
	TC400Z2
TPS400-2.1.0en	10	Introduction

Technical terms and abbreviations

TC400Z3

ZA = Line of sight / collimation axis

Telescope axis = line from the reticle to the centre of the objective.

SA = Standing axis

Vertical rotation axis of the telescope.

KA = Tilting axis

Horizontal rotation axis of the telescope (Trunion axis).

V = Vertical angle / zenith angle

VK = Vertical circle

With coded circular division for reading the V-angle.

Hz = Horizontal direction

HK = Horizontal circle

With coded circular division for reading the Hzangle.

Introduction

11

TPS400-2.1.0en

Standing axis inclination

Angle between plumb line and standing axis. Standing axis tilt is not an product error and is not eliminated by measuring in both faces. Any possible influence it may have on the Hz-direction resp. V-angle is elliminated by the dual axis compensator.

Line-of-sight error (Hz-collima- tion)

The line-of-sight error is the deviation from the perpendicular between tilting axis and line-of- sight. This could be eleminated by measuring in both faces.

V-Index (Vertical index error)

With horizontal line-of-sight the V- circle reading should be exactly 90°(100gon). The deviation from this values is termed V-index (i).

Plumb line / Compensator

Direction of gravity. The compensator defines the plumb line within the product.

Zenith

Point on the plumb line above the observer.

Reticle

Glass plate within the telescope with reticle.

TPS400-2.1.0en

12

Introduction

TC400Z4

		Indicated meteorological corrected slope
		distance between product tilting axis and
		centre of prism/laser spot (TCR).
		Indicated meteorological corrected hori-
		zontal distance.
		Height difference between station and
		target point.
hr		Reflector height above ground
hi		product height above ground
E0		Station coordinate (Easting)
N0		Station coordinate (Northing)
H0		Station height
E		Easting of target point
N		Northing of target point
H		Height of target point

Introduction

13

TPS400-2.1.0en

Area of applicability

This User Manual is valid for all products of the TPS400 Series.

TC products are equipped with an invisible infrared EDM and TCR products with a visible red laser for reflectorless measuring.

Sections only valid for TCR products are marked accordingly.

PC Program Package

Leica Geo Office Tools (LGO-Tools)

The program package LGO-Tools is used for the data exchange between the Total Station and the PC. It contains several auxiliary programs in order to support your use of the product.

Installation on the PC

The installation program can be found on the CDROM supplied. Please note that LGO-Tools can only be installed on computers with MS Windows 98, 2000 or XP operating systems.

Any previous versions of LGO-Tools on your computer must be uninstalled first before installing the new version.

For the installation call program "setup.exe" in the directory \LGO-Tools on the CD-ROM and follow the input instructions of the installation program.

Program content

After successful installation the following programs appear:

TPS400-2.1.0en

14

Introduction

Tools

•Data Exchange Manager

For data exchange of coordinates, measurements, codelists and output formats between product and PC.

•Coordinate Editor

Import/Export as well as creating and processing of coordinate files.

•Codelist Manager

For creating and processing of codelists.

•Software Upload

For loading system software and EDM-software.

For EDM Software upload only LGO/LGOTools Software Version 3.0 or higher must be used for error free operation.

Not using the correct upload Software can permanently damage the instrument.

Before the Software Upload, always insert a charged battery into the product.

•Format Manager

For creating of own, special formatted data output files.

•Configuration Manager

Import/Export as well as creating of product configuration.

For more informationen about LGO-Tools refer to the comprehensive Online Help.

Introduction

15

TPS400-2.1.0en

		1	GEB121
	Power Supply
		2	GEB111
	Use the Leica Geosystems batteries, chargers and	3	Single cells in the battery adapter GAD39
	accessories or accessories recommended by Leica
	Geosystems to ensure the correct functionality of	Your Leica Geosystems product is powered by
	the product.	rechargeable plug-in batteries. For this product, we
	Power for the product can be supplied either inter-	recommend the basic battery (GEB111) or the Pro
	nally or externally. An external battery is connected	battery (GEB121). Optionally six single cells can be
	to the product using a LEMO cable.	used with the GAD39 battery adapter.
	• Internal battery:	Six single cell batteries (1.5 V each) supply 9 Volts.
	One GEB111 or 121 battery fit in the battery	The voltmeter on the product is designed for a
	compartment.	voltage of 6 Volts (GEB111/ GEB121).

•	External battery:		The battery charge is not displayed correctly
	One GEB171 battery connected via cable.
		when using single cells. Use the single cells with the
		battery adapter as emergency power supply. The
		advantage of the single cells is in a lower rate of
		discharge even over long periods.
TPS400-2.1.0en		16	Introduction

Operating the product

The on / off key is located on the side cover of the TPS400.

All shown displays are examples. It is possible that local software versions are different to the basic version.

Keypad

TC400Z5

1)Focus

Actively measured field.

2)Symbols

3)Fixed keys

Keys with firmly assigned functions.

4)Navigation keys

Control of input bar in edit and input mode or control of focus bar.

5)Function keys

Are assigned the variable functions displayed at the bottom of the screen.

6)Softkey bar

Displays functions that can be called up with the function keys.

Operating the product

17

TPS400-2.1.0en

Fixed keys

[PAGE]			Scrolls to next page when a dialogue-
			consists of several pages.
[MENU]			Accesses programs, settings, the data
			manager, adjustments, communica-
			tions parameters,system information
			and data transfer.
[USER]			Key, programmable with function from
			the FNC menu.
[FNC]			Quick-access to measurement-
			supporting functions.
[ESC]			Quit a dialog or the edit mode with acti-
			vation of the "previous" value. Return to
			next heigher level.
			Confirm an input; continue to the next
			field.

Trigger key

The measurement trigger (see "Most important elements"; index 17) has three settings (ALL,DIST, OFF).

The key can be activated in the configuration menu.

TPS400-2.1.0en

18

Operating the product

Distance measurement

A laser distancer (EDM) is incorporated into the products of the TPS400 series.

In all versions, the distance can be determined by using an invisible infrared beam which emerges coaxially from the telescope objective.

Measurements to strongly reflecting targets such as to traffic lights in infrared mode without prism should be avoided. The measured distances may be wrong or inaccurate.

For applications without reflector, the TCR-version also use a visible red laser beam which emerges in the same manner. A special arrangement of the EDM, and appropriate arrangement of the beam paths, enable ranges of over five kilometres to be attained with standard prisms.

Miniprisms, 360° reflectors and reflector tapes can also be used, and measurement is also possible without a reflector.

When a distance measurement is triggered, the EDM measures to the object which is in the beam path at that moment.

If e.g. people, cars, animals, swaying branches, etc. cross the laser beam while a measurement is being taken, a fraction of the laser beam is reflected and may lead to incorrect distance values.

Avoid interrupting the measuring beam while taking reflectorless measurements or measurements using reflective foils. Measurements to prism reflectors are only critical if an object crosses the measuring beam at a distance of 0 to 30m and the distance to be measured is more than 300m.

In practice, because the measuring time is very short, the user can always find a way of avoiding these critical situations.

Operating the product

19

TPS400-2.1.0en

TC400Z6

Incorrect result

TC400Z7

Reflectorless

Be sure that the laser beam is not reflected by anything close to the line of sight (e.g. highly reflective objects).

When a distance measurement is triggered, the EDM measures to the object which is in the beam path at that moment. In case of temporary obstruction (e.g. a passing vehicle, heavy rain, fog or snow) the EDM may measure to the obstruction.

When measuring longer distances, any divergence of the red laser beam from the line of sight might lead to less accurate measurements. This is because the laser beam might not be reflected from the point at which the crosshairs are pointing.

Therefore, it is recommended to verify that the R- laser is well collimated with the telescope line of sight (refer to the chapter "Checking and adjusting").

Do not measure with two products to the same target simultaneously.

Correct result

TPS400-2.1.0en

20

Operating the product

Red laser to prisms

Accurate measurements to prisms should be made with the standard program (Infrared mode).

Red laser to reflector tape

The visible red laser beam can be used to measure to reflective foils, also. To guarantee the accuracy the red laser beam must be perpendicular to the reflector tape and it must be well adjusted (refer to the chapter "Checking and adjusting").

Make sure the additive constant belongs to the selected target (reflector).

Operating the product

21

TPS400-2.1.0en

Softkeys

TC400Z8

Under softkeys, a selection of commands and functions is listed at the bottom of the screen. They can be activated with the corresponding function keys.

The available scope of each function depends on the applications / functions currently active.

General softkeys:

[ALL] Starts distance and angle measurements and saves measured values.

[DIST]		Starts distance and angle measure-
		ments without saving measured values.
[REC]		Saves displayed values.
[ENTER]		Deletes current value in the display and
		is ready for the input of a new value.
[ENH]		Opens the coordinate input mode.
[LIST]		Displays the list of available points.
[FIND]		Starts the search for the point entered.
[EDM]		Displays EDM settings.
[IR/RL]		Toggles between infrared and reflector-
		less measurement modes.
[PREV]		Back to last active dialog.
[NEXT]		Continue to next dialog.
		Returns to highest softkey level.
		To next softkey level.
[OK]		Set displayed message or dialog and
		quit dialog.

Find further information about menu/applicationspecific buttons in the relevant sections.

TPS400-2.1.0en

22

Operating the product

Symbols

Depending on software version different symbols are displayed indicating a particular operating status.

A double arrow indicates choice fields.

Using the navigation keys the

desired parameter can be selected.

Quits a selection with the enter

key or the navigation keys.

Indicates that several pages are available which can be selected with [PAGE].

Indicates telescope position I or II.

Indicates that Hz is set to "left side angle measurement" (anti-clockwise).

Status symbol "EDM type"

Infrared EDM (invisible) for measuring to prisms and reflective targets.

Reflectorless EDM (visible) for measuring to all targets.

Status symbol "Battery capacity"

The battery symbol indicates the level of the remaining battery capacity (75% full shown in the example).

Status symbol "Compensator"

Compensator is on.

Compensator is off.

Operating the product

23

TPS400-2.1.0en

Menu tree

[MENU] >	-	Confirm menu selection.
[PAGE]	Scroll to next page.

Depending on user interface sequence and arrangement of menu items may be different.

TC400Z10

TC400Z9

TPS400-2.1.0en

24

Operating the product

Measuring Preparation / Setting up
Unpacking		1)	Data cable (optional)
		2)	Zenith eyepiece or eyepiece for steep angles
Remove TPS400 from transport case and check for			(optional)
completeness:		3)	Counterweight for eyepiece for steep angles
			(optional)
		4)	Removable tribrach (optional)
		5)	Battery charger and accessories (optional)
		6)	Two Allen keys each, Adjusting pins
		7)	Battery GEB111 (optional)
		8)	Sun filter (optional)
		9)	Battery GEB121 (optional)
		10)	Mains adapter for battery charger (optional)
		11)	Spacing bracket GHT 196 for product height
			meter (optional)
		12) product height meter GHM 007 (optional)
		13)	Mini prism rod (optional)
		14)	Total station
		15)	Mini prism + holder (optional)
		16)	Mini target plate (only for TCR products)
		17)	User Manual
		18)	Protective cover / Lens hood
	TC400Z11	19)	Tip for mini prism (optional)
Measuring Preparation /	25		TPS400-2.1.0en

Inserting / Replacing Battery

1. Remove battery holder.				TC400Z12

2. Remove battery.									TC400Z13

3. Insert battery into battery holder.

TC400Z14

4. Insert battery holder into product.				TC400Z15

Insert battery correctly (note pole markings on the inside of the battery holder). Check and insert battery holder true to side into the housing.

•To charge the battery refer to chapter "Charging the batteries".

•For the type of battery refer to chapter "Technical data".

When using the GEB121 battery, remove the spacer for the GEB111 from the battery compartment.

TPS400-2.1.0en

26

Measuring Preparation /

Primary use/charging

• The batteries must be charged prior to using for the first time because it is delivered with an energy content as low as possible.

• For new batteries or batteries that have been stored for a long time (> three months), it is effectual to make 2 - 5 charge/discharge cycles.

• The permissible temperature range for charging is between 0°C to +35°C / +32°F to +95°F. For optimal charging we recommend a low ambient temperature of +10°C to +20°C / +50°F to +68°F.

Operation/Discharging

The batteries can be operated from -20°C to +55°C/-4°F to +131°F.

Low operating temperatures reduce the capacity that can be drawn; very high operating temperatures reduce the service life of the battery.

External power supply for total station

To meet the conditions stipulated for electromagnetic acceptability when powering the TPS400 from an external source, the supply cable used must be equipped with a ferrite core.

The Lemo plug with the ferrite core always has to be attached at the product side.

TC400Z16

The cables supplied along with your product include a ferrite core as standard.

If you are using older cables without ferrite core, it's necessary to attach ferrite cores to the cable.

If you need additional ferrite cores, please contact your local Leica Geosystems agency. The sparepart number of the ferrite core is 703 707.

Measuring Preparation /

27

TPS400-2.1.0en

TC400Z17

For assembling open up one ferrite core and clip it around the supply cable, about 2cm away from the Lemo plug, before using the supply cable for the first time together with a TPS400 product.

Setting up the tripod

TC400Z18

TPS400-2.1.0en

28

Measuring Preparation /

1.Loosen the clamping screws on the tripod legs, pull out to the required length and tighten the clamps.

2.In order to guarantee a firm foothold sufficiently press the tripod legs into the ground. When pressing the legs into the ground note that the force must be applied along the legs.

TC400Z19

When setting up the tripod pay attention to a horizontal position of the tripod plate.

Slight corrections of inclination can be made with the foot screws of the tribrach. Larger corrections must be done with the tripod legs.

When using a tribrach with an optical plummet, the laser plummet cannot be used.

TC400Z20

Careful handling of tripod

•Check all screws and bolts for correct fit.

•During transport always use the cover supplied.

•Use the tripod only for surveying tasks.

Measuring Preparation /

29

TPS400-2.1.0en

Centring with laser plummet, coarse level-up

1. Place the product onto the tripod head. Tighten central fixing screw of tripod slightly.

2. Turn footscrews of tribrach into its centre position.

3. Switch on the laser plummet with [FNC] > [Level/Plummet]. The electronic bubble is displayed.

4. Position tripod legs so that the laser beam is aimed to the ground point.

5. Firmly press in tripod legs.

6. Turn the footscrews of the tribrach to centre the laser beam exactly over the ground point.

7. Move the tripod legs to centre the circular level. The product is now roughly levelled-up.

TC400Z21

TPS400-2.1.0en

30

Measuring Preparation /