Leica DM IL User manual

Download

Page 1

Leica DMIL

Instructions · Bedienungsanleitung

Mode d’emploi

Page 2

Issued in 1998 by/ Herausgegeben 1998 von/ Edition 1998 par:

Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH Ernst-Leitz-Strasse D-35578 Wetzlar (Germany)

Responsible for contents/ Verantwortlich für den Inhalt/ Département responsable du contenu: Marketing MQM, Product Management

Phone/Tel./Tél. +49 (0) 64 41-292519 Fax +49 (0) 6441-29 2255

Page 3

Leica

DM IL

Instructions

Page 4

Copyrights

All rights to this documentation are owned by Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH. Copying of text and illustrations – in full or in part – by printing, photostat, microfilm or other techniques, including electronic systems, is only permitted subject to the express written consent of Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH.

The information contained in the following documentation represents the latest stage of technology and knowledge. We have composed the texts and illustrations with great care. However, as it is impossible to eliminate the risk of error completely, we cannot accept any kind of liability for the correctness of the contents of this manual. Nevertheless, we are always grateful to be notified of any errors.

The information in this manual may be altered without prior notice.

Page 5

Contents

Important notes ................................................... 6

General safety information............................... 7

Application .......................................................... 9

The microscope and its components ............. 10

Installation site ................................................... 15

Unpacking ............................................................ 15

Setting up ............................................................. 17

Setting up the options ........................................ 26

Operation .............................................................. 39

Basic settings for transmitted light ................. 39

Operation of objectives...................................... 42

Operation of transmitted light........................... 43

Operation of phase contrast ............................. 45

Operation of Integrated

Modulation Contrast (IMC) ............................... 47

Operation of incident light fluorescence ....... 51

Care and maintenance ...................................... 56

Technical description........................................ 67

Objectives ............................................................. 67

Eyepieces ............................................................. 70

Filters ..................................................................... 72

Tubes ..................................................................... 73

Condensers .......................................................... 75

Lamps and lamp housings ................................. 76

Specifications ...................................................... 78

Main wear and replacement parts ................. 80

EU Declaration of Conformity .......................... 81

Troubleshooting

(lamp/fuse replacement) ................................... 58

Storage.................................................................. 66

Packaging and transport................................... 66

Page 6

Important notes

This manual is an important part of the Leica DM IL microscope and should be carefully read before switching on and using the instrument.

This manual contains important instructions and information with regard to operating safety and maintenance of the system. For this reason, it should be carefully kept at hand.

Text symbols and their meaning:

(1.2)

→ p. 20

The manual is multi-lingual. The spiral binding makes it possible to turn the instructions in the desired language to the front.

Numbers in brackets, e. g. (1.2), refer to illustrations, in the example to Fig. 1, pos. 2.

Numbers with an arrow, e.g. → p. 20, refer to a particular page of this manual.

Special safety information is marked with a triangular symbol in the margin and printed on a grey background.

Attention! Operating errors can damage the

microscope or its accessories.

Warning of hot surface.

Explanatory note.

Not part of all configurations.

Page 7

General safety information

This instrument of Safety Category I has been built and tested according to EN 61 010-1/ IEC 1010-1, Safety Standards for Electronic Measuring Instruments, Electronic Regulators and Electronic Laboratory Instruments.

To maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, the user must note and adhere to the directions and warnings contained in this manual.

The mains plug may only be inserted into a grounded socket.

The protection must not be jeopardised by using an extension cable without ground conductor. Any break in the ground conductor within or outside the instrument or loosening of the ground connection can render the unit dangerous. Intentional severance is prohibited!

Attention!

Only fuses of the specified type and rating may be used as replacements. Never use repaired fuses or short-circuited fuse holders.

The instruments and accessories described in this manual have been safety-tested and checked for possible hazards. Before modifying the instrument in any way or combining it with non-Leica products not covered by this manual, please always contact your local Leica representative or the main factory in Wetzlar!

Any unauthorised interference with the instrument or use of the instrument for applications for which it is not designed will automatically void any warranty claim!

Attention!

Accessory devices connected to the microscope which have a separate and/or different power supply should be brought to the same ground potential by connecting them to the same grounding system. Contact the service department in case of an ungrounded mains supply .

Attention!

Page 8

Attention!

The electrical accessories for the microscope are not protected against the penetration of water which can result in electrical shock. Do not set up the microscope and its accessories in the immediate vicinity of a water outlet or in other places where water may penetrate into the instrument.

Attention!

Before replacing fuses or lamps, always switch off the power switch and disconnect the power cord.

Protect the microscope against excessive temperature fluctuations which may lead to condensation and thus damage the electrical and optical components.

Attention!

When using immersion oil, take care to avoid skin contact! Ask the supplier for a safety data sheet!

Page 9

Application

The Leica DM IL microscope is designed for routine examinations of cell and tissue cultures, liquids, and sediments.

Two basic microscope stands are available for biologic applications. One is the standard bright field version using the contrasting methods bright field (BF), phase contrast (Phaco), and Integrated Modulation Contrast (IMC), the other is the fluorescence microscope which also offers incident-light fluorescence in addition to the three transmitted-light contrasting techniques.

All microscope techniques and the required accessories for the Leica DM IL are described and explained in detail in the Operation section of this manual, including the associated functions and their use.

Page 10

The microscope and its components

Main assemblies

The following overall views show and designate the main assemblies of the microscope and its accessories.

Fig. 1 –3 1 Binocular photo tube DM ILT, 2 Eyepiece tube, 3 Eyepieces, 4 Tube holder, 5 Empty slide or IMC modulator, 6 Integrated lamp housing with halogen lamp 6 V/35 W, 7 Holder for filter

Fig. 1 Right side of microscope stand

1 4

Ø 32 mm, 8 Empty slide or modulation or phase contrast slide, 9 Aperture diaphragm, 10 Condenser S 55, 11 Transmitted-

light illumination carrier, 12 Notched lever for condenser level adjustment, 13 Transmitted-light illumination column,

14 Specimen stage, 15 Objective nosepiece and objectives, 16 Brightness control, 17 Coarse control adjustment and

micrometer adjustment, 18 Power switch, 19 Fluorescence

filter blocks, 20 Fluorescence lamp housing, 21 Light stop,

22 BG9 Filter, 23 Stabiliser plate, 24 c-mount video adapter,

25 Tube adapter IL/L, 26 DM L tubes, 27 Multi-discussion facility, 28 Condenser S 90

Fig. 3

Microscope stand with DM L tubes and discussion facility

Fig. 2 Left side of microscope stand

14 15

Page 11

Microscope stand

IL/L tube adapter

Owing to its low centre of gravity, the Leica DMIL microscope stand is very stable. When using the multi-discussion facility* or for long-term exposures in micro-photography applications, a stabiliser plate* is available to improve stability. For incident-light fluorescence applications, an incident-light axis is integrated in a second stand version.

Tube holder

The tube holder is the interface between the microscope stand and the tube. The tube holder permits the use of DM ILB and DM ILT tubes as well as the IL/L tube adapter which in turn permits the use of DM L tubes. The ergo module and the drawing module can also be directly mounted on the tube holder if the DM ILB or DM ILT tubes are used (see also Tube adapter).

Tube

The tube contains a 1x tube lense which creates the primary image in conjunction with the objective.

The binocular tube consists of a body, the binocular part, and the tube change ring.

The tube adapter serves to accommodate tubes from the DM L range as well as the drawing facility*, the multi-discussion facility*, the magnification changer*, and the ergo module*.

Eyepieces

The eyepiece creates a magnified, virtual image of the real intermediate image which is projected by the objective. In this process, the eyepieces works as a magnifier.

Transmitted-light illumination unit

The transmitted-light illumination facility consists of the transmitted-light illumination carrier and the transmitted-light illumination column. The transmitted-light illumination carrier contains a pre-centred, bright 6 V/35 W halogen lamp, as well as a holder for a diaphragm slide, a holder for a light filter, a condenser and an aperture diaphragm.

Lamp housing

The Leica DM IL microscope uses an integrated lamp housing with a 6 V/35 W halogen lamp.

Filters

The trinocular tube offers an additional documentation output to accommodate photo or video equipment. A switchable mirror directs the light 100 % either to the eyepieces or the photo output.

DM IL tubes can be replaced and rotated.

The filters are usually employed to improve the contrast of the specimen. They are firmly mounted in a holder (Ø 32 mm). Different filters can be inserted into the filter holder of the transmitted-light ilumination unit.

Page 12

Aperture diaphragm

Objective revolver and objectives

The aperture diaphragm determines the resolution, the depth of field and the contrast of the microscope image. The best resolution is obtained when the apertures of the objective and the condenser are roughly the same.

Attention:

The aperture diaphragm in the illumination light path is not for setting the image brightness. Only

the rotary brightness adjustment knob or the neutral density filter should be used for this purpose.

Condenser

The condenser is a lens system which collects the light and directs it to the specimen from the top. The condenser permits to utilise the numerical aperture in the objective.

Notched lever for condenser level adjustment

The notched lever permits the adjustment of the condenser height by moving the transmittedlight carrier. The markings on the transmittedlight column indicated the proper height to be set for the condenser used.

Specimen stages and accessories

The specimen stage is used to support the specimens to be subjected to microscopic examination. Several options are available for different objects, such as speciment controllers, stage expansions, scanning table, clamps, heating table etc.

The objective revolver is designed to hold the objectives. Especially the long-range L-type objectives are able to compensate for the different thicknesses of vessel bottoms. All microscope objectives with magnifications

2.5 to 100 can be used. All objectives from the DM L and DMR range with 25 mm thread are compatible. A choice of objectives is contained in chapter ”Specifications; Peformance Data“ or in the current objective lists that are available from your local Leica representative.

Brightnessadjustment

The microscope stand contains a 6 V/35 W transformer for continuous brightness adjustment using a rotary brightness switch.

Coarse and fine focus adjustment

Coarse and fine focus adjustment permits a fast and precise adjustment of the microscopic image. Focus adjustment is made by moving the objective revolver. The stroke length is 7 mm.

Power switch

The illuminated power switch permits to switch the power supply of the microscope on and off. Due to the illuminated switch, the operating state of the microscope can easily be determined even in darkened rooms.

Fuse holder with voltage selector module

The fuse holder is equipped with two fuses and a voltage selector module. Depending on the country of use, the voltage needs to be set to 100 V, 115 V or 230 V (tolerance ± 10%).

Page 13

Incident-light fluorescence facility* The microscrope version with incident-light

fluorescence facility contains the integrated fluorescence axis and the lamp holder for mounting of a lamp housing.

Fluorescence filter block slide* The fluorescence filter block slide holds up to 3

fluorescence filter blocks. The filter block slides can be moved to three alternative switching positions. One position of the slide can also be used as a bright-field position by leaving it empty (no filter block inserted).

Lamps and lamp housings* for the incident-light fluorescence facility

For incident-light fluorescence, an additional illumination is required. On the DM IL, all lamp housings of the 106 and 107 ranges can be used. Depending on the version used, the controls for the lamp housings are located on the right or left side. The LH 106 and LH 107 lamp housings are only used with a 12 V/100 W halogen lamp which can be centred in the X/Y plane. Both lamp housings are not equipped with a reflector but have diffusing screens, heat-absorbing filters and focusable aspheric collectors. The LH 106z lamp housing is similar to the LH 106 lamp housing but has a reflector which can be centred and focused. It also contains a 4- or 6lens collector (quartz collector on request).

The following lamps can be used with their special sockets:

Halogen lamp, 12 V/100 W Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 50 W, AC Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W, DC, without igniter Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W, DC, with igniter Xe ultra-high pressure lamp 75 W, DC, with igniter

This requires to raise the microscope stand with a base to increase the necessary clearance.

Power unit*

An external power unit is used to regulate the lamp for incident-light fluorescence and the corresponding lamp housings.

Modulation slide or phase contrast slide*

The modulation slide or phase contrast slide is part of a constrasting method, either Integrated Modulation Contrast (IMC) or phase contrast. The same slides are used for the S 55 and S 90 condensers, however, with different phase rings. If no phase slide or modulation slide is used, it is also possible to insert an empty slide into the corresponding holder on the condenser.

IMC modulator*

For the Leica Integrated Modulation Contrast technique, the IMC modulator is provided in the microscope stand. (→ p. 47 Operation of IMC). In the standard version, all DM IL microscopes are equipped with an empty slide.

Page 14

Rear of the microscope

Fig. 4 1 6 V/35 W connection 2 Mains connection 3 Fuser holder with 2 mains fuses 4 Equipotential bonding point 5 Logo for equipotential bonding point 6 Lamp holder (for fluorescence version) 7 Safety note 8 Nameplate

5 4

Page 15

Installation site

Unpacking

The microscope should be operated in a dustfree room which is also free from oil, chemical fumes, and excessive humidity. Major temperature fluctuations, direct sunlight, and vibration should be avoided because they can affect measurements and photomicrography.

Ambient conditions: Temperature 10 –36 °C Relative humidity 0 –80 % up to 30 °C

In warm and humid climates, microscopes require special care to prevent fungal growth. For additional instructions, please refer to chapters “Maintenance” and “Storage”.

Attention!

Lamp housings* and power units* must be located at least 10 cm away from the wall and combustible objects.

Please compare the delivery carefully with the packing note, delivery note or invoice. We strongly recommend that you keep a copy of these documents with the manual so that you have the proper information on the time and scope of delivery at a later time when ordering more equipment or when the microscope is serviced. Please make sure that no small parts are left in the packing material. Some of our packing material has symbols that indicate that it can be recycled in an environmental-friendly manner.

Note

Keep the packing material for the purpose of storage and transport of the microscope and its accessories.

Attention!

Avoid touching the surface of the optics lens. If finger prints are left on the glass surfaces, use a soft leather or linen cloth to remove them. Even minute traces of perspi-ration from fingers can corrode the surfaces of optical instruments in a very short time. For additional instructions, please refer to chapters “Maintenance” and “Cleaning”.

Page 16

Attention!

On no account should you connect the power unit* and peripherals* to the mains yet!

The following parts can be included in the delivery: – Leica DM IL microscope (transmitted-light or

incident-light fluorescence)

– Illumination and condenser carrier – Tube – Eyepieces – Objectives – Condenser – Protective cover – Power cord – Instruction manual

Optional components:

– IL/L tube adapter – Phase slide – Adjustment telescope – IMC slide – IMC module – Filters for transmitted light – Filter slide for fluorescence blocks – Fluorescence blocks – Lamp housing – Replacement halogen lamp – Ultra-high pressure mercury lamp – External power unit – c-mount video adapter – Camera – Speciment stage accessories – Additional components from the DM L range,

such as tubes, drawing facility, multidiscussion facility, magnification changer, ergo module

Fig. 5 DM IL microscope with drawing facility and ergo photo tube

1 Ergo photo tube from DM L range, 2 IL/L tube adapter, 3 Drawing facility, 4 Specimen stage with accessories

Page 17

Setting up

• As a first step, remove all components from the shipping and packing material.

• Place the DM IL basic microscope stand in a sufficiently clear space on a workbench.

• Make sure that all four feet have been mounted to the bottom of the microscope stand.

Attention!

On no account should you connect the microscope to the mains yet!

Fig. 6 Microscope with transmitted-light illumination column 1 Screw for condensor collision protection, 2 Feet

• If the delivery includes a stabiliser plate, mount this to the bottom of the microscope stand with two screws so that the two front feet fit into the recesses (Fig. 7). Tighten the screws and place the microscope back on the table in the upright position.

Attaching the condensers

• Screw the S 90 (8.1) or S 55 (8.2) condenser into the condenser holder (9.2) of the transmittedlight illumination carrier from below.

Fig. 7 Stabiliser plate

Fig. 8 1 S 90 condenser, 2 S 55 condenser

Page 18

Positioning the transmitted-light illumination carrier

• Position the transmitted-light illumination carrier into the column from above while pressing on the notched lever for the condenser level adjustment (9.5).

• Position the transmitted-light illumination carrier (9.3) on the transmitted-light illumination column (9.4) depending on the condensor used (S 55 or S 90) and release the notched lever. The markings (9.6) are referred to a liquid level of 15 mm. For microscopes with dual markings, the lower line indicates a liquid level of 15 mm and the upper line indicates a liquid level of 50 mm.

• Make sure that the transmitted-light illumination carrier is locked in place.

Fig. 9 Transmitted-light illumination unit with condenser 1 Condenser (S 90), 2 Condenser holder, 3 Transmitted-light illumination carrier, 4 Transmitted-light illumination column, 5 Notched lever for condenser level adjustment, 6 Markings

Note

A screw (6.1) on the transmitted-light illumination column prevents that the condensor collides with the specimen stage.

Repositioning the transmitted-light illumination carrier with the specimen stage

Note

For the heating stage* only one position of the transmitted-light illumination carrier is possible. This position is determined by the existing holes in the stage.

Repositioning of the transmitted-light illumination carrier is only possible with the DM ILB or DMILT tubes. The specimen stage can be made accessible from three sides by repositioning it by 180°.

Page 19

Attention!

Do not loosen the screws (10.1) below the stage on the transmitted-light illumination carrier because this would displace the optical axis.

• Unscrew the screws (11.1) with a 3 mm fixed spanner and remove the screws.

• Rotate the stage with the transmitted-light illumination unit by 180°.

• Position the stage with the transmitted-light illumination unit. The stage should lock in the guide pins (10.2) on the microscope.

• Insert the screws (12.1) and tighten them.

• Mount the connecting cable in the plastic

guide below the stage (10.3).

Fig. 11 1 Screws for repositioning the transmitted-light illumination

carrier

Fig. 10 1 Clamping screws for optical exis, 2 Guide pins, 3 Plastic

guide

1 1

Fig. 12 1 Screws for repositioning the transmitted-light illumination

carrier, 2 Connecting cable

Page 20

Electrical connection of the transmitted-light illumination carrier

Fig. 13 Rear of microscope 1 Socket for connecting cable

• Use the connecting cable (12.2) to connect the transmitted-light illumination with the integrated power supply via the power socket (13.1) on the rear of the instrument.

Positioning the tubes

The DM ILB tube (Fig. 14 Binocular tube) or the DM ILT tube (Fig. 15 Binocular photo tube) is included in the standard delivery. For additional instructions, refer to chapter “Specifications; Performance data”.

DM ILB and DM ILT tube

• Loosen the clamp (16.1) use a 3 mm fixed spanner.

• Insert the tube (16.3) into the tube holder (16.2).

• Retighten the clamp screw.

• To set a new viewing position, loosen the

clamp screw (16.1) and retighten it after rotating the tube to the desired position.

Tube from the DM L range In place of the standard DM IL tubes, you can also adapt one of the following tubes from the DM L range:

HC LB 0/3/4 and HC LBP 0/3/4 binocular tube HC L1T 4/5/7 and HC L1TP 4/5/7 trinocular tube HC L3TP 4/5/7 trinocular tube with 3 switching positions HC LVB 0/4/4 ergo tube, binocular HC L1VT 0/4/4 ergo photo tube, trinocular

Fig. 14 Binocular tube

Fig. 15 Binocular photo tube

Page 21

Proceed as follows:

• Unscrew the lock screw on the tube changer (16.1) using a 3 mm fixed spanner.

• First place the IL/L tube adapter (17.1) into the tube holder of the microscope.

• Retighten the lock screw.

• Unscrew the lock screw on the IL/L tube

adapter (17.2).

• Place a tube into the tube holder of the tube adapter.

• Retighten the lock screw.

• To set a new viewing position, loosen the lock

screw (17.2), rotate the tube as desired and retighten the lock screw.

Fig. 16 1 Lock screw, 2 Tube holder, 3 Tube

Fig. 17 1 IL/L tube adapter, 2 Lock screw

Note

For mounting a drawing facility*, a multidiscussion tube*, a magnification changer* or an ergo module*, please refer to chapter “Setting up the options“.

2 1

Fig. 19 HC L1VT tubeFig. 18 HC L1T tube

Page 22

Positioning the eyepieces

The eyepieces are positioned into the eyepiece connection pieces. For the DM ILB and DM ILT tubes, use only the following eyepieces:

10x/18 Br (M), 10x/20 Br (M) or

15x/14 Br When using a tube from the DM L range, use the corresponding eyepieces:

HC PLAN 10x/20 (M)

HC PLAN 12.5x/16 M

Widefield 16x/14 Br (M)

Widefield 25x/9.5 Br (M)

also requires a spacer ring

Br) eyepiece for wearer of spectacles

For information on diameter, visible object surface and overall magnification of the microscope, refer to chapter “Specifications; Performance data“.

Positioning the graticules*

Graticules can only be retrofitted by the user for the abovementioned HC PLAN eyepieces. For the abovementioned eyepieces for the DM ILB and DM ILT, the graticules need to be retrofitted at the factory.

Basically, graticules may only be used for eyepieces with adjustable eyelens = Type

Important:

Eyepieces 10x/18 M only:

• Unscrew the sleeve from the lower part of the eyepiece.

• Insert the graticule with the coated side pointing downwards (in the direction of the objective) so that any lettering appears the right way round when observed in the viewing direction later.

• Screw the sleeve back in.

Eyepieces HC PLAN 10x/20 M and HC PLAN

12.5x/16 M only:

• Unscrew the retainer sleeve from the lower part of the eyepiece.

• Insert the graticule with the coated side pointing downwards (in the direction of the objective) so that any lettering appears the right way round when observed in the viewing direction later.

• Screw the retainer sleeve back in.

Positioning the photo eyepieces*

The HC PLAN viewing eyepieces are designed for direct visual observation. Special eyepieces with an insertion diameter of 27 mm and the engraved identification HC...PHOTO are used for adapting micro-photographic equipment with fixed magnification, e. g. DM LD and MPS systems, as well as for special TV adaptation systems (use the proper adapter!). Additional information on the adaptation of photo and video equipment → separate instructions.

Be extremely careful to avoid dust and fingermarks, since this will be visible in the field of view.

The graticule diameter is always 26 mm for HC PLAN eyepieces and 19 mm for the standard eyepieces for the DM ILB and DM ILT tubes.

Page 23

Attaching and removing the objectives

• Remove the screw cap on the objective threads.

• Screw the objectives into the nosepiece opening that an incremental change of magnification is possible (e. g. in

the

sequence 4, 10, 20, 40).

• If objective threads are left unused, cover these with screw caps to protect the microscope optics against dust.

Positioning the filter

• Place the filter (Fig. 20) into the filter holder (21.1) on the transmitted-light illumination carrier.

Fig. 20 Filter

Attaching the specimen controller

• Attach the specimen controller to the right or left side of the stage to accommodate brackets for different culture vessels (22.1).

• Mount the specimen controller with a 3 mm fixed spanner.

Fig. 21 1 Filter holder

Fig. 22 1 Holes for attachable specimen controller, 2 Holes for

specimen brackets, 3 Holes for stage mounting

Fig. 23 Specimen controller with holder mounting

Page 24

Self-adhesive scales to determine the coodinate adjustment have been included with the brackets.

• Attach these in the recesses on the specimen controller.

Selecting the mains voltage and connecting the microscope to the mains supply

Attention!

Attaching the stage expansion

• Attach the stage expansions to the right or left side or to both sides of the stage (22.3).

• Mount the stage expansion with a 3 mm fixed spanner.

Inserting the specimen brackets

• Insert the specimen brackets into the four holes provided in the stage opening for this purpose (22.2).

Fig. 24 Specimen stage with expansions attached

Do not plug in the mains plug of the microscope and of the power unit* before all the options are assembled. The mains plug may only be inserted into a grounded socket. The protection must not be jeopardised by using an extension cable without ground conductor.

Fig. 25 1 Fuse holder with voltage selector module, 2 Latch, 3 Voltage

selector module, 4 Mains voltage, 5 Mains connection

Page 25

• Check the voltage setting on the rear panel of the unit. Depending on the country of use, this setting can be 100 V, 115 V or 230 V. The voltage setting can be corrected as follows:

• Use a screwdriver to press on the latch

(25.2) and remove the fuse holder (25.1).

• Pull out the voltage selector module (25.3).

• Insert the voltage selector module into the

holder so that the number which corresponds to the desired mains voltage (25.4) appears on the outside (upside down).

• Insert the fuse holder (2.1) until the latch

clicks audibly in place.

• If you purchased additional options with the microscope, install these options first (see next chapter).

Attention!

For external lamp power units, always perform the mains voltage setting as described in the manual which is supplied separately, or use a power transformer.

• Then connect the microscope with the power cord (2.4) and connect it to the mains supply.

Attention!

Observe the safety information on pages 7 and 8!

Page 26

Setting up the options

Note

These assembly steps are not required if no additional accessories have been purchased with the microscope.

Assembling the fluorescence filter blocks*

Positioning the filter block slide*

• Hold the filter block slide so that the warning label is positioned is located at the front left side and insert it into the dovetail holder (26.2) on the left side of the microscope stand.

• The filter block slide can now be moved between the three switching positions.

Attention!

Note

For microscopes with integrated incident-light fluorescence facility only.

The filter block slide (Fig. 26) accommodates up to three fluorescence filter blocks.

• For assembly of the filter blocks, remove the slide cover (26.5).

• Insert the filter blocks (26.1) into the dovetail holder (26.2), with the engraved lettering pointing upward. Make sure that the filter blocks click in place.

• Reinstall the slide cover.

• Check that the slide cover (26.5) is properly

installed.

• Mark the filter positions using the enclosed adhesive labels.

The filter block slide is not protected against inadvertent sliding out.

Attention!

When using an incident-light dichroic mirror or polarisation dichroic mirror in conjunction with fluorescence filter blocks, there is a risk of glare in case of inadventent switching between positions!

Page 27

Positioning the phase contrast light rings

The phase contrast light rings are inserted into the phase contrast slide (Fig. 27). The slide has two holders which can be centred and a centre position which is the bright-field position (BF).

• Place the light rings into the centring holders (27.2) of the slide with the disc pointing downwards .

• Press on the edge of the light rings until they click in place. Avoid any pressure on the centre of the disc because this can break the webs.

Different sets of light rings are available for the S 55 or S 90 condensors.

Positioning the phase contrast slide on the transmitted-light illumination carrier*

Attention!

The condenser slide is not protected against inadvertent sliding out.

• Remove the blank slide if present.

• Hold the condensor slide so that the lettering

points forward. The catches (27.4) are located on the upper long side of the slide and point toward the centre of the specimen stage.

• Insert the condenser slide into the transmitted-light illumination carrier from the side (Fig. 28). The keyways should click in place when the slide is inserted.

Fig. 26 1 Filter block, 2 Dovetail holder, 3 Slide cover, 4 Lower part of

filter block slide

Fig. 27 1 Slide for light rings, 2 Centring holder for light ring, 3 Bright-

field position, 4 Catch

Fig. 28 Transmitted-light illumination carrier with holder for condenser slide

Page 28

Positioning the IMC slit diaphragm slide* on the transmitted-light illumination carrier

Attention!

The condensor slide is not protected against inadvertent sliding out.

• Remove the blank slide if present.

• Hold the condensor slide so that the lettering “Top left“ is located on the left upper side

(29.1) and the other lettering points forward. The catches (29.2) are located on the upper long side of the slide and point toward the centre of the specimen stage.

• Insert the condenser slide into the transmitted-light illumination carrier from the side (30.1). The keyways should click in place when the slide is inserted.

Positioning the IMC modulator*

• Remove the blank slide if present.

• Insert the IMC modulator so that the lettering

(29.3) points forward.

• Lock the slide in position BF (lettering BF is visible) or in position IMC (lettering IMC is visible).

Fig. 29 IMC slit diaphragm slide and IMC modulator 1 Lettering “Top left“ on condenser slide, 2 Catches, 3 Letter-

ing on IMC modulator

Fig. 30 1 Holder for IMC modulator

Page 29

Assembling the 106* or 107* lamp housings

Note

For microscope with integrated incident-light fluorescence facility only.

Attention!

Fig. 31 Series LH 106 lamp housing 1 Screw for opening of lamp housing, 2, 3 X and Y centring of

lamp*, 4 Focusing of collector, 5, 7 Mounting screws, 6 Filter holder (intermediate component) for filter Ø 50 mm

Prior to making any assembly work, always disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

Replacing or changing the halogen lamp

This procedure is only required if the lamp is not pre-installed.

• Unscrew the screw on the lid (31.1, 32.1) with a crosstip screwdriver and remove the lid (Fig. 33).

• Move the collector to the front.

Note

This step is not required for the 107/2 lamp housing.

Attention!

Leave the protective covering on the lamp until the lamp is in its holder! Avoid making finger prints or wipe them off immediately.

Fig. 32/33 Opening the LH 107 lamp housing 1 Screw for opening of lamp housing

1 6

Page 30

• Place a new 12 V/100 W halogen lamp straight into the lamp holder (34.1).

• Move the collector back to its original position.

• Replace the lid and fix it with the screw (31.1,

32.1).

• Connect the lamp housing to the power unit:

Assembling the 106 z* lamp housing with halogen lamp

Note

For microscope with integrated incident-light fluorescence facility only.

Attention!

Prior to making any assembly work, always disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

• Unscrew the lock screws (36.4 and 36.9) with a crosstip screwdriver.

• Slightly pull out the cut-out plug (36.11) from the socket and flip up the lid (36.1).

Attention!

Leave the protective covering on the lamp until the lamp is in its holder! Avoid making finger prints or wipe them off immediately.

Fig. 34 LH 106 lamp housing, opened 1 Lamp holder with 12 V/100 W halogen lamp, 2 Collector, 3 Diffuser

2 3

Fig. 35 107/2 lamp housing, opened 1 Collector, 2 Lamp holder with 12 V/100 W halogen lamp

Page 31

• Unscrew the lock screws (36.10) on the lamp holder and remove the lamp holder (Fig. 37).

• Insert a new 12 V/100 W halogen lamp into the lamp holder.

• Insert the lamp holder and fix it with the screws (36.10).

• Plug the cut-out plug into the socket (36.11).

• Flip the lid back down and tighten the screws

(36.4 and 36.9) on the lid.

• Mount the lamp housing and fix it on the microscope with the lock screw.

• Connect the lamp housing to the power unit.

Connecting to the 12 V/100 W power unit*

The Leica 12 V/100 W power unit is an autoranging power supply. It supplies halogen lamps up to 12 V.

Be careful when unpacking the power unit. Do not operate the unit in the presence of strong vibration, large temperature fluctuations, high humidity and direct sunlight. Position the unit so that the ventilation openings are clear. Keep a safety distance of 10 cm from walls or other equipment.

Fig. 36 106 z lamp housing, opened 1 Lid, flipped up, 2 Collector, 3 12 V/100 W halogen lamp or gas discharge lamp (see Fig. 40), 4, 9 Lid mounting, 5 Reflector, 6, 8 Adjusting screws for x/y centring of reflector, 7 Focusing

of reflector, 10 Mounting screws for lamp holder, 11 Socket for cut-out plug

8 9

Page 32

A rotary knob is located on the front panel of the power unit which is used to set the desired voltage. The setting range is between approx.

2.5 V and approx. 12 V. The 10.5 V setting has a

marking and corresponds to a colour temperature of 3200 K. This position has been preset at the factory.

The On/Off switch and the ports for the mains plug and the lamp are located on the rear panel of the unit. The “Control“ port is currently not used. Connect the lamp housing to the corresponding port. When using a lamp housing with shielded cable (e. g. the 107/2 lamp housing), screw the shield connection to the equipotential bonding point. Connect the power unit to the mains. It is not required to preselect the mains voltage. Switch on the unit with the On/Off switch (Position 1).

Assembling the 106 z* lamp housing with Hg and Xe lamps

Note

For microscope with integrated incident-light fluorescence facility only.

The following gas discharge lamps (with different lamp holders) can be used in addition to halogen lamps (Fig. 40):

Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 50 W, AC Xe ultra-high pressure lamp 75 W, DC, stabilised Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W, DC, stabilised Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W, DC, stabilised, with igniter

Fig. 37 Front panel of 12 V/100 W Leica

Fig. 38 Rear panel of 12 V/100 W Leica 1 Equipotential bonding point

Page 33

Attention!

– Prior to making any assembly work, always

disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

– Allow the lamp housing to cool prior to

opening it (at least 15 min.), explosion hazard!

– Never touch the glass parts of the burner

with your hands. If required, carefully remove finger prints and dust (use alcohol if necessary).

– Adjust lamps immediately after ignition. – Avoid frequent switching on and off

because this could affect the service life (→ p. 76) and stability. Hot Hg lamps will ignite only after cooling off. It is recommended to run in new burners for a couple of hours without interruption.

– Make sure that the lamp housing is

sufficiently ventilated. Never block air slots with paper etc., fire hazard!

– It is good practice to record the hours of

use and to compare them to the manufacturer’s specifications. Replace discoloured, worn burners in due time.

– We must refuse any liability for damage

resulting from a possible explosion of the lamp.

• Insert the burner as follows while strictly observing the above safety instructions:

• If a plastic protective sleeve is present,

leave it in place for the time being.

• Insert the burner so that the lettering is

upright after installation. For Hg 50, Hg 100, and Xe 75, the different height of the metal base ensures installation at the proper height.

• Align any existing glass fused nipple (40.2)

by rotating the burner so that the nipple is orientated to the side and away from the beam path.

• Insert the upper pin of the burner between

the clamps of the flexible power supply and fix it with the screw (40.1) .

• Slightly unscrew the stud (40.4) in the hol-

der.

• Insert the burner into the lower end of the

metal base and retighten the stud.

• Remove the protective sleeve of the burner

if it is still present.

Fig. 39 12 V/100 W lamp holder

• If required, disconnect the mains plug of the power unit and the microscope.

• Open the 106 z lamp housing by slightly loosening the screws (36.4), pulling out the cut-out plug from the socket (36.11) and flipping up the lid of the lamp housing.

• Unscrew the safety screws (36.10) and pull out the lamp holder (Fig. 39, 40).

Page 34

• Place the lamp holder with the burner inserted into the lamp housing and tighten the screws (36.10).

• Close the lid of the lamp housing. When closing the lamp housing, make sure that the pins of the cut-out plug engage in the sockets provided for this purpose.

• Retighten the screws of the lid.

• Push the cut-out plug fully in.

• Attach the lamp housing and fasten it to the

microscope with the lock screw.

• Connect the lamp housing to the power unit (compare mains voltage!):

The Hg 50 W lamp is properly installed if:

1. The type is stamped on the lower socket of

the lamp. The stamped lettering should be visible, i. e. not upside down.

2. The upper base is marked “UP”.

Note: An incorrect installation will reduce the lamp brightness to about 60 % and will considerably limit the useful life of the lamp.

Make sure that the markings on the lamp base and on the power unit are the same. For example, if the lamp base is marked L1, L1 must also be set on the power unit to make full use of the lamp and not to shorten its life.

Make sure to dispose of worn burners in an environmental-friendly manner.

Attention:

Important:

Page 35

Fig. 40 Lamp holders for gas discharge lamps 1 Upper clamp, 2 Fused nipple of burner, 3 Lower clamp, 4, 6 Mounting holes for holder, 5 Sockets for cut-out plug, 7 Protective sleeve

Hg 50

Hg 100

Xe 75

with igniter

1 7

Hg 100

with igniter

Page 36

Adaptation of imaging systems on binocular photo tubes*

The binocular photo tubes provided for the Leica DM IL can be used to adapt an imaging system, e. g. video camera, reflex camera or automatic photo system (e. g. Leica MPS 48/52).

Microphotography Requirements for the adaptation of microphotographic equipment include a trinocular tube, a HC PHOTO eyepiece adapter tube and HC PHOTO eyepieces with 27 mm insertion diameter. If the microphotographic equipment is not provided with a special viewing port to limit the format, it is necessary to use HC PLAN M eyepieces, i. e. with focusable eyelens and photo graticule inserted, in the binocular viewing port. For additional details, please refer to the manual supplied with the photo equipment.

TV adaptation Different adapters are available for connecting TV cameras with c-mount and B-mount objective thread. The adapters listed in the table below can be used on all trinocular photo tubes, although some tubes require an additional photo adapter tube. The picture area on the monitor depends on the adatapter used and on the chip size of the camera.

Calculation of the magnification on the monitor The magnification V

on the monitor can be

calculated using the equation below or measured with an object micrometer and a cm scale.

= Objective magnification x

Magnification changer* factor x TV adapter magnification x Monitor diameter Chip diameter of camera

Recorded picture diagonal in mm for 1-inch

/3-inch1/2-inch1/3-inch

camera camera camera camera

Without zoom magnification:

c-mount adapter 1x HC 16 11 8 6 c-mount adapter 0.63x HC

– 17.5 12.7 9.5 c-mount adapter 0.5x HC ––16 12 c-mount adapter 0.35x HC –––17.1 c-mount adapter 4x HC

4 2.8 2 1.5

With zomm magnification (Vario TV adapter):

c-mount, 0.32 –1.6x HC ––19

++)

– 518– 3.8 B-mount, 0.5 –2.4x HC ––16 –3.3 – B-mount, 0.5 –2.4x HC

in preparation

–––12 –2.5

++)

zoom factor 0.42 x and higher only!

Page 37

The procedure for positioning the drawing facility, the multi-discussion facility, the magnification changer, and the ergo module is basically the same. The drawing facility or the ergo module can either be mounted directly on the basic microscope stand (in conjunction with the DM ILB or DM ILT tubes) or on the DM IL/L tube adapter (in conjunction with L-tubes).

Positioning the multi-discussion facility*

Note

When using the multi-discussion facility, the stabiliser plate should also be mounted (→ p. 17).

Positioning the drawing facility*

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.1) on the micro-

scope stand using a 3 mm fixed spanner.

• When using the DM IL/L tube adapter:

• Attach the IL/L tube adapter (41.2).

• Retighten the lock screw (41.1).

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.4) on the tube

adapter.

• Insert the drawing facility (41.3) into the tube

holder of the basic microscope or of the IL/L tube adapter.

• Retighten the lock screw (41.4).

• Unscrew the lock screw on the drawing

facility.

• Position the tube.

• Retighten the lock screw on the drawing

facility.

Fig. 41 Microscope with drawing facility 1 Lock screw, 2 IL/L tube adapter, 3 Drawing facility, 4 Lock

screw

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.1) on the microscope stand using a 3 mm fixed spanner.

• Attach the IL/L tube adapter (41.2).

• Retighten the lock screw (41.1).

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.4) on the tube

adapter.

• Insert the multi-discussion facility (42.1) into the tube holder of the adapter.

• Retighten the lock screw (41.4).

• Unscrew the lock screw on the multi-

discussion facility.

• Position the tube.

• Retighten the lock screw on the multi-

discussion facility.

Fig. 42 Microscope with multi-discussion facility 1 Multi-discussion facility

4 2 1

Page 38

Positioning the magnification changer* (not shown)

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.1) on the microscope stand with 3 mm fixed spanner.

• Attach the tube adapter IL/L (41.2).

• Retighten the lock screw (41.1).

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.4) on the tube

adapter.

• Insert the magnification changer into the tube holder of the adapter.

• Retighten the lock screw (41.4).

• Unscrew the lock screw on the magnification

changer.

• Position the tube.

• Retighten the lock screw on the magnification

changer.

Positioning the ergo module* (not shown)

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.1) on the microscope stand with 3 mm fixed spanner.

• When using the DM IL/L tube adapter:

• Attach the IL/L tube adapter (41.2).

• Retighten the lock screw (41.1).

• Unscrew the lock screw (41.4) on the tube

adapter.

• Insert the ergo module into the tube holder of the basic microscope or of the IL/L tube adapter.

• Retighten the lock screw (41.4).

• Unscrew the lock screw on the ergo module.

• Position the tube.

• Retighten the lock screw on the ergo module.

Page 39

Operation

Basic setting for transmitted light

Attention!

Be especially careful when making examinations which involve the use of acids or other aggressive chemicals. Avoid direct contact of these substances with optical and mechanical parts.

Switching on the 6 V/35 W halogen lamp

• Switch on the 6 V/35 W halogen lamp with the power switch (43.2) (position I = On).

• Adjust the brightness with the rotary knob (43.1).

Adjustment specimen

For the initial adjustment of the microscope it is recommended to use a specimen that contains areas of high and low contrast.

For incident-light fluorescence of transparent objects, adjust in transmitted light first.

Fig. 43 1 Brightness adjustment knob, 2 Power switch, 3 Focusing

mechanism

Page 40

Focusing on the object

• Set the desired objective. For this purpose, lower the objective nosepiece first. Use the black knurled grip on the nosepiece to move the objective into the light path. Make sure that the nosepiece clicks audibly in place.

• Use the coarse and fine adjustment to focus on the object; this will vary the height of the objective nosepiece while the stage level will remain the same. The overall travel is 7 mm. The focusing range (in air) is from 1.0 mm below to 6 mm above the stage surface.

Attention!

Depending on the objective used, the objective nosepiece must be lowered before changing the objective position. Otherwise the objective may collide with the stage.

Adjusting tubes and eyepieces

If you wear glasses, you should remove or fold back the glare protection on the eyepieces but make sure to put it on if you are not wearing glasses.

• Set your interpupillary distance by pulling the eyepiece tubes apart or pulling them closer together until you see a single superimposed image instead of a double image.

• Note your personal interpupillary distance.

• Additional procedure for ergo tubes: Set the viewing angle (0° –35°) by tilting the binocular viewing port. To avoid fatigue symptoms, vary the viewing angle from time to time.

• Close any unused tube exits as stray light may otherwise disturb viewing.

DM ILB binocular tube

Only for eyepieces with graticule* inserted:

• Largely defocus the object or remove it from the beam path.

• Focus the graticule with the eye relaxed by adjusting the eyelens. (The eye relaxes most if you look temporarily at a distant object outside the frame.)

• Focus the object only through the eyepiece with the graticule.

• Then close the eye and focus the object by adjusting the second eyepiece only.

Page 41

Only when no graticule is inserted in both eyepieces:

• Largely defocus the object or remove it from the beam path.

• Adjust the eyelens so as to focus on the boundary of the field of view. When adjusting the eyelens you will see a bright line around the body of the eyepiece. This line shows the correct position of the eye-lens for people with normal eyesight and for wearers of glasses who look through the microscope with corrective glasses.

Remove glasses with bifocal or progressive lenses before looking through the micro-scope.

• Focus the object through the eyepieces.

Only if one eyepiece has no adjustable eyelens:

• Focus the object through this eyepiece first (close your other eye).

• Focus the image again by adjusting the eyelens of the second eyepiece.

Correction for defective vision

• Look through the right eyepiece with your right eye and use the fine adjustment to focus on the specimen.

• Then look onto the same spot of the specimen with your left eye and rotate the left eyepiece connection piece until the point on the object is sharply focused. Do not use the fine adjustment to achieve this.

• If eyepieces with adjustable eyelenses are used, do not correct for defective vision by adjusting an eyepiece tube but by adjusting the eyelens of the eyepiece.

DM ILT trinocular tube

• Switch the beam splitter to visual obser-vation by moving the rod. The meaning of the switching positions is marked with symbols on the lateral face of the tube.

Rod retracted = visual Rod inserted = photo

• Adjustment of the eyepieces is made in the same manner as for the binocular tube.

• Correct for defective vision by adjusting the eyelens of the eyepiece.

Fig. 45 DM ILT tubeFig. 44 DM ILB tube

Page 42

Operation of objectives

Immersion objectives OIL: Use optical immersion oil in compliance

with DIN/ISO only. Cleaning → p. 57, Labelling → p. 67 pp.

Attention:

Observe the safety instructions for immersion oil!

W: Water immersion. The special water immersion objectives with a ceramic front can be used for all aqueous solutions. IMM: Universal objective for water, glycerine, oil.

Colour codes of objectives → p. 69

Locking of objectives

Some immersion objectives (identified by a knurled grip) can be virtually shortened (locked). This stops any remaining drops of immersion liquid from inadvertently wetting objectives and other objects.

• Push in the front part by about 2 mm in the direction of the nosepiece.

• Lock the objective by rotating it slightly.

Attention:

The locking mechanism must always be released before the immersion objective is used again, since otherwise the spring mechanism protecting the speciment and the objective is ineffective and the other objectives are no longer parfocal with the immersion objective.

CORR objectives

These are special objectives which can be adjusted to different coverglass thicknesses.

• Adjust the correction mount coarsely to an average or estimated value by using the knurled grip.

• Focus the preparation.

• Readjust the correction mount until you obtain an optimum contrast, which may require refocusing with the fine adjustment.

Page 43

Operation of transmitted light

Bright-field illumination

Illumination methods which show object-free areas of the specimen as the brightest parts of the image are called bright-field. Bright-field illumination requires absorbing object structures, i. e. staining of the specimen is useful in most cases. Alternatives are optical contrast methods, such as phase contrast or modulation contrast.

Adjusting the condenser

To aid in proper level adjustment of the S 90 und S 55 condensers, markings (46.1) are located on the column. These markings indicate a liquid level of 15 mm. For microscope stands with dual markings, the lower line indicates a liquid level of 15 mm while the upper line indicates a liquid level of 50 mm.

• Press the catch lever (46.2) and adjust the incident-light illumination carrier until the upper edge of the carrier and the corresponding condenser level marking match.

Adjusting the aperture diaphragm

The aperture diaphragm (46.3) determines resolution, depth of field, and contrast of the microscope image. The best resolution is obtained when the apertures of the objective and of the condenser are roughly the same. Reducing the aperture diaphragm to be smaller than the objective aperture will reduce the resolution but enhance the contrast. A noticeable reduction in resolution occurs when the aperture diaphragm is reduced to less than 0.6x of the objective aperture and should be avoided where possible.

• Adjust the aperture diaphragm according to your subjective impression of the image.

• You may basically achieve a calibration by comparison with the apertures of different objectives.

• Visual comparison between the apertures of the objective and the condenser can be made as follows:

• Remove the eyepiece from the eyepiece

tube or use an focusing telescope and focus.

• Close or open the aperture diaphragm until

its image is just visible in the objective pupil (= brighter circle). This is considered the standard setting, i.e. condenser aperture = objective aperture.

• Reattach the eyepiece.

Page 44

For low-contrast objects, the aperture diaphragm can be closed further to highlight even faint specimen details. In polarised light microscopy, narrowing the aperture diaphragm usually results in brighter colours.

Attention:

An aperture diaphragm in the objective is usually fully opened. The reduction in image brightness caused by stopping down results in:

Better depth of field Lower coverglass sensitivity Suitability for darkfield Change in contrast

The aperture diaphragm in the illumination beam path is not for setting the image brightness. Only the rotary brightness adjustment knob or the neutral density filter should be used for this purpose.

Fig. 46 Transmitted-light illumination unit with condenser 1 Markings, 2 Catch lever for condenser adjustment, 3 Aperture

diaphragm

Possible errors

Wrong coverglass thickness or wrong objective. Specimen has been placed on the stage with the coverglass upwards instead of downwards.

Aperture diaphragm opened too wide or closed.

Condenser at incorrect level.

Light ring inadvertently used.

IMC component inadvertently used.

Dirty optics.

Page 45

Operation of phase contrast

Phase contrast is used to form high-contrast images of unstained specimens.

• Adjust the condenser level.

• Place the slide with the required light rings into the holder (47.1).

• Rotate the objective nosepiece to move the phase contrast objective (engraving PH) with the lowest magnification into the light path.

• Open the aperture diaphragm (47.4) marked “PH”.

• Focus the specimen using coarse and fine adjustment. If it proves difficult to find the object plane: Temporarily narrow the aperture diaphragm or use a stained specimen. Set the condenser disc to the BF position or pull out the light ring slide. Reopen the aperture diaphragm.

• Use the light ring (e.g. 1) that corresponds to the engraving on the objective (e. g. PH 1).

• Centre the light ring as follows:

• Remove one eyepiece from the tube.

• Insert the focusing telescope.

• Loosen the clamp ring on the focusing

telescope and shift it until the light ring (bright) and the phase ring (dark) are in sharp focus.

• If the light and the phase rings are greatly

different in dimension, they need to be matched by varying the condenser level.

• If the light ring is offset laterally against the

phase ring, centre the light ring. To do so, rotate the centring key in the centring screws (47.5) until the phase ring covers the light ring.

Possible errors

Specimen: too thick, too thin, too brightly stained; identical refractive index of mounting medium and specimen so that no phase jump occurs.

Attention:

Wedge-shaped coverglass position which renders the centration of light and phase ring ineffective.

Wrong light ring, or light ring has been installed at wrong level.

Aperture diaphragm not opened.

Light ring not centred.

Wrong light ring slide.

IMC modulator in IMC position.

Condenser S 55 and condensor S 90 exchanged.

Page 46

Fig. 47 1 Holder for light ring and light segment slide, 2 Transmitted-

light illumination column, 3 Catch lever for condenser level adjustment, 4 Aperture diaphragm, 5 Centring screws for light rings, 6 Filter holder Ø 32 mm

4 3

Fig. 48 1 Light ring offset against phase ring: no phase contrast, 2 Phase ring fully covers the light ring: phase contrast

Page 47

Operation of Integrated Modulation Contrast (IMC)

Integrated Modulation Contrast is a special form of oblique illumination based on the principle of Hoffman’s modulation contrast.

With this method, a modulator is used to convert the phase gradients of an unstained object into amplitude differences. The impression of a three-dimensional image is created, similar to a microscopic image with interference contrast. However, other than with interference contrast, the object can also be viewed through double-refracting plastic materials, such as Petri dishes.

Additional benefits of this imaging method include: – High contrast – High resolution – Halo-free, variable-contrast relief image – Long working distance of the condenser – Simple assembly and adjustment – Applicable for stained and unstained

specimens

Important!

IMC is only possible in conjunction with the S 55 condenser. Standard bright-field and phase contrast objectives can be used for IMC, which permits to cover the magnification range from 5x to 100x.

The following objectives are especially suited:

C PLAN 10x/0.22 AP 32.2 C PLAN L 20x/0.30 D C PLAN L 40x/0.50 D plus the corresponding phase contrast objectives.

All other objectives with pupil position D can also be used. The following objectives with pupil position C may also be used with some restrictions:

N PLAN L 20x/0.40 Corr N PLAN L 40x/0.55 Corr PL FLUOTAR

(Refer also to Possible errors).

The IMC requires the use of the IMC modulator (49.1) and the IMC slit-diaphragm slide (49.2).

Positioning the IMC modulator

• Remove the empty slide in the microscope stand if present.

• Position the IMC modulator so that the lettering points forward.

• Lock the slide in position IMC (lettering IMC visible). The IMC modulator will be flush on either side.

L 63x/0.70 Corr

Page 48

Positioning the IMC slit-diaphragm slide on the transmitted-light illumination carrier

Attention:

• Remove the empty slide or the phase contrast slide in the transmitted-light illumination carrier, if present.

• Hold the diaphragm holder so that the lettering “Top left“ is located on the top left side and the other lettering points forward. The catches are located on the upper long side of the slide and point toward the centre of the specimen stage.

• Insert the diaphragm slide from the right side into the transmitted-light illumination carrier.

• Lock the slide in position IMC (lettering IMC visible).

Adjusting the slit-diaphragm

• Fully open the aperture diaphragm.

• Select a medium brightness since the line of light would otherwise appear too bright.

• Switch off any filters which may be switched on.

• Rotate the objective with the lowest magnification into the beam path, which will usually be the 10x objective.

• To adjust the slit width, move the slide of the IMC slit-diaphragm slide to the proper position for the objective, e. g. to the position marked 10x for the 10x objective.

• Remove one eyepiece and insert the focusing telescope.

• The line of light will appear as a bright line on the grey image of the modulator. Focus the line of light with the focusing telescope.

• Adjust the position of the line of light with the adjusting screws to the right of the IMC slitdiaphragm slide. A fitting Allen key is supplied for this purpose.

Do not loosen the screws (49.4) on the slide!

• The line of light must be fully located on the grey field. With the 10x objective, the image of the modulator and of the line of light have almost the same size. Adjust the slitdiaphragm so that the boundary of the bright line of light is located near the darker edge.

• Move the other objectives with ascending magnification into the light path one after the other and check the position of the line of light. In the case of smaller deviations, find an intermediate position. Always make sure that the objective magnification and the slide position on the IMC slitdiaphragm slide match.

Fig. 49 IMC components 1 IMC modulator, 2 IMC slit-diaphragm slide, 3 Catches, 4 Screws

Page 49

Optimising the IMC (Fig. 49a):

When using the objective with the largest magnification, it may not be possible to adjust the light slit stop perfectly (in other words, the light slit cannot be positioned completely on the grey field, with the result that an offset is noticeable in either the white or the dark area). In this case, it is also possible to perform fine adjustments using the adjusting screw on the IMC modulator slide.

Use the Allen key to turn this screw to minimise the offset (to superimpose the grey area and the illumination slit). After that, swivel the 10x objective back in (followed by the other objectives) and adjust at the modulator again as described above. Repeating this operation several times should mean that offset no longer occurs. This adjustment generally need to be performed only once. Once the IMC is perfectly adjusted, remove the focusing telescope and replace the eyepiece.

Fig. 49a IMC-Components (new) 1 IMC-Modulator, 2 IMC slit-diaphragm slide, 3 Allen key 4

Adjusting screw on the IMC slit-diaphragm slide, 5 Ad-

justing screw on the IMC-Modulator-slide

Page 50

Possible errors

Short of optimum position of the slit-diaphragm.

Poor image quality due to use of objectives without pupil position D. Try improving the image quality as follows: Reverse the IMC modulator (lettering to the rear). Adjust the slit so that sufficient coverage is achieved to avoid glare.

The IMC modulator or the IMC slit-diaphragm slide are not locked in the IMC position.

Incorrect condenser level or wrong condenser (only S 55 condenser possible!).

Fluorescence filters are not disabled.

Page 51

Operation of incident-light fluorescence

• Open the light stop by moving the lever (50.1).

Note

For microscopes with integrated incident-light fluorescence facility only.

For the viewing of transparent objects using incident-light fluorescence, it is recommended to make an adjustment with transmitted-light first.

= Light stop moved out of beam path = Licht stop moved into beam path

• Slide the filter block into the beam path (50.3).

• Position the specimen and focus. The field diaphragm is installed and pre-centred so that no adjustment is necessary.

If a reddish background of the specimen becomes visible with UV excitation, you can eliminate this effect by moving the BG 38 red attenuating filter (50.2) into the beam path.

= Filter moved out of beam path = Filter moved into beam path

Fig. 50 1 Light stop, 2 BG 38 filter, 3 Filter block slide

Page 52

Switching on and adjusting the 12 V/100 W halogen lamp in the 106* lamp housing

• Switch on the 12 V/100 W halogen lamp at the power unit.

• Open the light stop.

• Move the filter block into the beam path.

• Remove the objective in the beam path.

• Place a white sheet of paper on the specimen stage.

• Rotate the collector adjustment (51.4) until the lamp filament (Fig. 52) is clearly projected.

• Use a 3 mm fixed spanner to adjust the centring screws for level adjustment (51.2) and for horizontal adjustment (51.3) of the lamp until the lamp filament is in the centre of the light spot.

• Remove the paper.

• Position the specimen.

• Check with low objective magnification that the image is illuminated in a homogeneous manner.

• Adjust the collector (51.4) if necessary.

Switching on and adjusting the halogen, Xe and Hg lamps in the 106 z lamp housing*

• Switch on the lamp at the power unit.

• Open the light stop.

• Move the filter block into the beam path.

• Place a white sheet of paper on the specimen stage.

• Coarsely focus on the surface using a dry objective with low to medium magnification.

Fig. 51 106 lamp housing (with 12 V/100 W halogen lamp) 1 Screw for opening the lamp housing, 2, 3 X/Y centring of the

lamp (compartment for storing a 3 mm allen key or screwdriver), 4 Collector focusing, 5, 7 Lock screw for mounting, 6 Filter holder (intermediate piece) for 50 mm filter Items 3 –4 do not apply to the 107 lamp housing

1 6

Fig. 52 106 lamp housing Reflection of the lamp filament, greatly schematised: In reality, the reflection is extremely low in contrast, the bright overlap area is wider and less defined. With the 106 z lamp housing, the reflection is rotated by 90°.

Page 53

• Use a pen to draw a mark in the centre of the bright surface.

• Remove the objective in the beam path.

• Rotate the collector adjustment (53.6) until the lamp filament or the discharge arc is clearly projected.

• Move the reflection of the lamp filament or the discharge arc to the side (54 a) by rotating the adjustment screws on the rear of the lamp housing (53.2 and 53.4).

• Focus the direct image of the lamp filament or the discharge arc and adjust it as follows:

Fig. 53 106 z lamp housing 1 Level adjustment of lamp, 2, 4 Level and lateral adjustment of reflection, 3 Mirror focusing, 5 Lateral adjustment of lamp, 6 Collector (focusing of lamp image), 7 Mounting screw

5 1 6 7

2 3 4

For halogen lamp:

• Move the direct image to a position just below or above your centre mark (54b) or, especially for higher objective magnifi-cations such as with the Xe lamp (54c), to the centre, i. e. superimposed.

• Move the reflection into the brighter circular area.

• Align the reflection symmetrically with the direct image (54c). Alternatively, you may also superimpose the two images as for the Hg and Xe lamps.

For mercury (Hg) and xenon lamps (Xe):

• Use the horizontal and vertical adjustment controls of the holder (53.5 and 53.1) to move the direct image into the centre of the brighter circular area.

• Move the reflection into the brighter circular area.

• Focus the reflection.

• Adjust the mirror until the reflection is superimposed to the direct image (54c).

• Remove the paper.

• Position the specimen.

• Check with low objective magnification that the image is illuminated in a homogeneous manner.

• Adjust the collector (53.6) if necessary.

Attention!

Be careful not to project the reflection onto the electrodes as there is a risk of overheating leading to explosion. The two electrodes can just be seen in the extension of the symmetry plane of the discharge arc.

Page 54

Fig. 54 Schematic view for 106 z lamp housing (in reality, lamp images are less defined) a direct lamp image focused but out of centre b direct lamp image in desired position c indirect and direct lamp images in desired position

Halogen lamp

Hg lamp

Xe lamp

Page 55

Possible errors

Weak fluorescence, weak image intensity: Specimens improperly stored, too old or faded.

Low-contrast image due to: Excitation bandwidth too wide.

Unspecific staining.

Rapid fading of specimens (e. g. for FITC).

Unspecific filter combination.

Numerical aperture of objectives too low.

Eyepiece magnification too high.

Spent lamp.

Room too bright.

Trinocular tube: incorrect beam splitter setting.

Secondary light due to reflection at condenser.

Fluorescing mounting medium.

Auto-fluorescence of objective or immersion oil.

Dirty glass surfaces.

Page 56

Care and maintenance

Cleaning painted parts

Attention!

Disconnect the mains plug before cleaning and servicing! Protect electrical components from humidity!

In warm and humid climates, microscopes require special care to prevent fungal growth. Clean the microscope after each use and make sure to keep the microscope immaculately clean.

Dust and loose particles of dirt can be removed with a soft brush or lint-free cotton cloth.

Obstinate dirt can be removed with commercially available aqueous solutions, benzine or alcohol. To clean painted parts, use a linen or leather cloth moistened with any of these agents.

Do not use acetone, Xylol or nitro dilutions which can damage the microscope.

! Attention!

Dust protection

Note

Protect the microscope and its accessories from dust by putting on the dust cover after each work session.

Cleaning

! Attention!

Fibre and dust residues can cause disturbing background fluorescence during fluorescence microscopy.

Cleaning agents of unknown composition should be tested on an inconspicuous part of the microscope. Painted or plastic surfaces must not be tarnished or etched.

Cleaning the speciment stage

Remove bright spots on the specimen stage by wiping them off with paraffin oil or acid-free vaseline.

Cleaning glass surfaces

Remove any dust from glass surfaces with a fine, dry, and grease-free artist’s hair brush, by blowing off with a bellows ball or by vacuuming.

Page 57

Carefully remove obstinate dirt on glass surfaces with a clean cloth moistened with distilled water. Failing this, you may replace the distilled water with pure alcohol, chloroform or benzine.

Removing immersion oil

Attention!

Cleaning the objectives

Attention!

Objectives may not be disassembled for cleaning. If defects are detected on inside surfaces, send the objectives to your Leica representative for repair. We also do not advise cleaning the inside surfaces of the eyepieces.

The front lens of objectives can be cleaned as decribed for “Cleaning glass surfaces“. The upper lens can be cleaned by blowing dust off with a bellows ball.

Observe the safety instructions for immersion oil!

First wipe of the immersion oil with a clean cotton cloth, then wipe over several times with ethyl alcohol.

Handling acids and alkaline solutions

Take particular care when working with acids or other aggressive chemicals.

Always avoid direct contact of such chemicals with optical and mechanical parts.

Attention!

Page 58

Troubleshooting, lamp/fuse replacement

All Leica instruments are manufactured and tested with extreme care. However, if you have cause for complaint, please do not try to make any intervention on the instrument yourself. Directly contact your national agency or our central service department, the Technical Service in Wetzlar.

Postal address: Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH Abt. Technischer Service Postfach 20 40 D-35530 Wetzlar/Germany

Phone +49 (0) 6441-29 2849 Fax +49 (0) 64 41-29 22 66

Apart from preparation errors (e. g. staining or wrong specimen vessels) which are beyond the scope of this manual, there are basically two categories of defects:

Mechanical defects and Electrical defects

Mechanical defects

Reference to possible mechanical defects has already been made in chapters “Setting up“ and “Operation“. Basically, these include the improper positioning of constrast-enhancing accessories, the maladjustment of light rings or the setting of an improper condenser level.

All these possible errors have been covered in the previous capters. Therefore, if you are unable to obtain the desired microscope image, please read the corresponding chapters of this manual.

Electrical defects

Electrical defects may include:

1. The lamp on the microscope does not work.

2. No voltage is present.

Check the following possible causes:

The On/Off switch does not work (no illumination):

• Check that all power cords are properly connected.

• Make sure that the mains voltage is present at all power outlets used and has not been disabled with a master switch.

• After you have ruled out all possible external causes, it is possible that a fuse of the Leica DM IL microscope or the power unit is defective.

Page 59

Replacing the mains fuse on the microscope

The integrated transmitted-light lamp does not work

Attention!

Always disconnect the mains plug!

• Switch off the microscope.

• First disconnect the power cord from the power outlet and then disconnect it at the microscope.

• Disconnect the power cord of the power unit if required.

• Use a screwdriver to press on the latch (55.2) and remove the fuse holder (55.1).

• Remove the defective fuses from the fuse holder.

• Replace them with two new fuses of the proper type. Voltage rating Type for 100 V 2x T800 mA for 115 V 2x T800 mA for 230 V 2x T800 mA

Note

• Make sure that the plug of the lamp cable is firmly plugged in the corresponding socket on the rear panel of the DM IL microscope stand.

• The halogen lamp may be defective.

Fig. 55 1 Fuse holder with voltage selector module, 2 Latch, 3 Selector module with voltage indications, 4 Mains voltage, 5 Mains connection

Replacing the 6 V/35 W halogen lamp

Attention!

Never use replacement fuses with a different current rating.

• Insert the fuse holder (55.1) until the latch clicks audibly in place.

• Subsequently connect the power cord (55.4) to the microscope and to the mains supply.

• If required, connect the power unit to the mains supply.

Always disconnect the power plug! Remove the protective sleeve of the lamp only after inserting the lamp. Avoid finger prints, and if there are any, always wipe them off. Caution! Lamp and housing may be hot!

• Switch off the microscope and also the power unit, if required.

• Disconnect the power cord of the microscope and also of the power unit, if required.

Page 60

• Disconnect the mains connection of the transmitted-light illumination carrier on the rear of the microscope stand (56.1).

• Use a 3 mm fixed spanner to remove the lamp housing (57.1).

• Remove the defective lamp.

• Place a new lamp (58.1) into the sockets of the lamp holder (58.2).

• Position the lamp housing and screw it it in place with a 3 mm fixed spanner.

• Connect the transmitted-light illumination carrier to the mains voltage at the rear of the microscope stand (56.1).

• Connect the microscope and, if required, also the power unit to the mains supply.

The additional fluorescence lamp does not work

• Make sure that all cable connections between lamp, power unit, and mains have been properly established. Possible causes for the failure of the fluorescence lamp can be a blown fuse of the power unit or a defective burner in the lamp housing.

Fig. 56 Rear of microscope 1 Lamp cable connection

Fig. 57 1 Mounting screw for lamp housing

Replacing the mains fuse on the power unit*

Attention!

Always disconnect the power plug first!

• Switch off the microscope and the power

unit.

• Disconnect the power cords of the micro-

scope and of the power unit.

• Remove the defective fuse from the fuse

holder.

Fig. 58 1 6 V/35 W halogen lamp, 2 Lamp holder

1 2

Page 61

Replacement fuses in compliance with IEC 127-2 and/or UL 198 G and/or manu-facturer type: Part no: 846-205.000-00 Designation: T 4A

Wickmann 19 195/ Schutter FST

Note

Never use replacement fuses with a different current rating.

Fig. 59 107/2 lamp housing 1 Screw for opening of lamp housing

• Connect the microscope and the power unit to the mains supply.

Replacing the 12 V/100 W halogen lamp in the 106, 107, 107/2 lamp housings

Ask a Leica field technician to show you the proper procedure for replacing the halogen lamp. All necessary steps are listed below.

Attention!

Prior to making any assembly work, always disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

• Switch off the microscope and the power unit.

• Disconnect the power cords of the microscope and of the power unit.

• Unscrew the lock screw on the microscope and remove the lamp housing.

Fig. 60 107/2 lamp housing, opened 1 Collector, 2 Lamp holder with 12 V/100 W halogen lamp

Fig. 61 106 lamp housing, opened 1 Screw for opening of lamp housing, 2 Lamp holder with

12 V/100 W halogen lamp, 3 Collector, 4 Diffuser disc

3 4

Page 62

• Unscrew the screw (59.1 or 61.1) on the lid and remove the lid.

• Move the collector (61.3) to the front, if required.

Note

Attention!

Leave the protective covering on the lamp until the lamp is in its holder! Avoid making finger prints or wipe them off immediately.

This step is not required for the 107/2 lamp housing.

Fig. 62 106 z lamp housing, opened 1 Lid, flipped up, 2 Collector, 3 12 V/100 W halogen lamp or gas discharge lamp (see Fig. 38), 4, 9 Lid mounting, 5 Reflector, 6, 8 Adjusting screws for x/y centring of reflector, 7 Focusing

of reflector, 10 Mounting screws for lamp holder, 11 Socket for cut-out plug

• Remove the defective lamp.

• Place a new 12 V/100 W halogen lamp straight into the lamp holder (60.1 or 61.2).

• Move the collector back to its original position.

• Replace the lid and secure it with the screw (59.1 or 61.1).

• Attach the lamp housing to the microscope and secure it with the lock screw.

• Connect the lamp housing to the power unit.

• Connect the microscope and the power unit to the mains supply.

Fig. 63 12 V/100 W lamp holder

8 9

Page 63

Replacing the 12 V/100 W halogen lamp in the 106 z lamp housing*

Attention!

Prior to making any assembly work, always disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

• Switch off the microscope and the power unit.

• Disconnect the power cords of the microscope and of the power unit.

• Unscrew the lock screw on the microscope and remove the lamp housing.

• Unscrew the screws on the lid (62.4 and 62.9) with a crosstip screwdriver.

• Slightly pull out the cut-out plug from the socket (62.11) and flip up the lid.

Attention!

Leave the protective covering on the lamp until the lamp is in its holder! Avoid making finger prints or wipe them off immediately.

• Unscrew the mounting screws (62.10) on the lamp holder and remove the lamp holder (Fig. 63).

• Remove the defective lamp.

• Insert a new 12 V/100 W halogen lamp into the lamp holder.

• Insert the lamp holder and secure it with the screws (62.10).

• Plug the cut-out plug into the socket (62.11).

• Flip the lid back down and tighten the screws (62.4 and 62.9) on the lid.

• Attach the lamp housing to the microscope and secure it with the lock screw.

• Conenct the lamp housing to the power unit.

Replacing the Hg and Xe lamps on the 106 z lamp housing

Attention!

– Prior to making any assembly work,

always disconnect the power supply at the external transformer outlet and the microscope outlet!

– Allow the lamp housing to cool prior to

opening it (at least 15 min.), explosion hazard!

– Never touch the glass parts of the burner

with your hands. If required, carefully remove finger prints and dust (use alcohol

if necessary). – Adjust lamps immediately after ignition. – Avoid frequent switching on and off

because this could affect the service life

and stability. Hot Hg lamps will ignite only

after cooling off. It is recommended to run

in new burners for a couple of hours

without interruption. – Make sure that the lamp housing is

sufficiently ventilated. Never block air

slots with paper etc., fire hazard! – It is good practice to record the hours of

use and to compare them to the manu-

facturer’s specifications. – Replace discoloured, worn burners in due

time. – We must refuse any liability for damage

resulting from a possible explosion of the

lamp.

Page 64

• If required, disconnect the mains plug of the power unit and the microscope.

• Open the 106z lamp housing by loosening the screws (62.4), slightly pulling out the cut-out plug from the socket (62.11) and flipping up the lid of the lamp housing.

• Unscrew the safety screws (62.10) and pull out the lamp holder (Fig. 64).

• Insert the burner as follows while strictly observing the above safety instructions:

• If a plastic protective sleeve is present, leave it in place for the time being.

• Insert the burner so that the lettering is upright after installation. For Hg 50, Hg 100, and Xe 75, the different height of the metal base ensures installation at the proper height.

• Align any existing glass fused nipple (64.2) by rotating the burner so that the nipple is orientated to the side and away from the beam path.

• Insert the upper pin of the burner between the clamps of the flexible power connection and fix it with the screw (64.1) .

• Slightly unscrew the stud (64.4) in the holder.

• Insert the burner into the lower end of the metal base and retighten the stud.

• Remove the protective sleeve of the burner if it is still present.

• Place the lamp holder with the burner inserted into the lamp housing and tighten the screws (62.10).

• Close the lid of the lamp housing. When closing the lamp housing, make sure that the pins of the cut-out plug engage in the sockets provided for this purpose.

• Retighten the screws of the lid.

• Push the cut-out plug fully in.

• Attach the lamp housing and fasten it to the microscope with the lock screw.

• Connect the lamp housing to the power unit (compare mains voltage!):

The Hg 50 W lamp is properly installed if:

1. The type is stamped on the lower socket of the lamp. The stamped lettering should be visible, i. e. not upside down.

2. The upper base is marked “UP”.

Note: An incorrect installation will reduce the lamp brightness to about 60% and will considerably limit the useful life of the lamp.

Attention:

Important:

Make sure to dispose of worn burners in an environmental-friendly manner.

Page 65

Fig. 64 Lamp holders for gas discharge lamps 1 Upper clamp, 2 Fused nipple of burner, 3 Lower clamp, 4, 6 Mounting holes for holder, 5 Sockets for cut-out plug, 7 Protective sleeve

Hg 50

Hg 100

Xe 75

with igniter

1 7

Hg 100

with igniter

Page 66

Storage

Protect your microscope from dust after use by covering it with the protective cover.

Store the microscope in a cabinet in which the temperature is ≥ 5 °C above room temperature. The cabinet must be equipped with ventilation openings which are filled e. g. with cotton swabs to protect the interior from dust. If such a storage is not possible, place the microcope into a closed container which contains a desiccant (e. g. silica gel) .

Packaging and transport

Ship or transport the microscope and its accessories in its original packing. A delivery note with all necessary information must be included in the shipping container.

Page 67

Technical description

Due to basic physical principles and the physiology of the human eye, all imaging techniques, not only the microscope, are subject to limitations in performance. For proper use of the microscope you should therefore know and observe the following information.

Performance data of objectives

The Leica DM IL microscope is based on a tube length of ∞ (infinite) and a focal length of the tube lens of f = 200 mm.

For this reason, only objectives with the engraving ∞ and M 25 thread may be used.

Attention:

∞

0.17

Objective labelling

Examples and meaning of the symbols:

∞ / – C PLAN 10x/0.22

∞ / 0.17 C PLAN 40x/0.65

∞ / 0 / D N PLAN 50x/0.75

Objective for infinite tube length (∞).

The objective can be used with and without a coverglass.

The objective may only be used with a coverglass of the standard 0.17 mm thickness. Use without a coverglass or with a coverglass of a very different thickness will result in a distinct drop in performance, especially for objectives with high apertures (see below).

D (or A, B, C)

Use without coverglass, e. g. for cell smear specimens, incident light. Not suitable for inverse microscopes.

Pupil position of the objective (important e.g. for Integrated Modulation Contrast IMC).

Page 68

Objective type (performance class):

C Plan

N Plan

PL FLUOTAR

PL APO

10 x/0.22

Semi-Planachromat

Planachromat

Plan-Semiapochromat

Planapochromat

Harmonic Components

Universal application potential, also backwardscompatible with Delta optics (= predecessor of the HC optics).

Long working distance.

Magnification and aperture. The aperture (pickup angle) determines resolution, field depth, contrast and brightness. Objectives with a builtin iris diaphragm are engraved with their maximum and minimum aperture, e. g. 0.85 – 0.55.

Objectives with a built-in iris diaphragm! The knurled ring may only be used to adjust the diaphragm, not for screwing in and out. Risk of damage!

Attention:

OIL, W, IMM

Immersion objectives for: oil, water, universal (oil, water, glyzerine, etc.)

PH = Phase contrast objective, the corresponding light ring in the condenser is also indicated, e. g. PH2.

Page 69

BD = Brightfield/Darkfield; objectives for incident light microscopy with M 32 objective thread.

P, POL

U-V-I

Colour codes of objectives

In compliance with DIN/ISO standards, the magnification of each objective is indicated by a colour ring:

100x 63x 40x 25x 16x 10x 6.3x 4x 2.5x 1.6x 125x 50x 32x 20x 5x 150x 160x

white dark light dark light yellow orange red brown grey

blue blue green green

Immersion objectives are also marked with a second, lower colour ring:

Strain-free objective for quantitative polarised light microscopy.

Special apochromatic correction, i.e. parfocal from Ultraviolet through Visual to near Infrared (from about 340 nm to 1000 nm).

black Oil or Imm (= Universal objective

for oil, water, glyzerine)

white Water orange Glyzerine

Page 70

Performance data of eyepieces

Eyepiece field of view number

Our product range includes the following eyepieces for the Leica DM IL:

Eyepieces for viewing with DM ILB or DM ILT tubes

Magnification/ Eyepiece Field of view port +)

10 x/18 10 x/18 M 10 x/20 10 x/20 M 15 x/14

Eyepiece tube diameter: 23.2 mm

Eyepieces for viewing with tubes from the DM L range

Leica Magnification/ Eyepiece eyepiece type Field of view port +)

HC PLAN 10 x/20 M HC PLAN 10 x/20 HC PLAN 12.5 x/16 M HC PLAN 10 x/20 MF

Eyepiece tube diameter: 30 mm

+) = with detachable or fold-back glare protection, for

M = adjustable eyelens (dioptre compensation) and

MF = with illuminated graticule

The eyepiece type LEITZ PERIPLAN Eyepieces of the earlier type L PLAN may only be used with earlier-type tubes (before about 1998) without engraving HC!

use with or without glasses

mount for graticules of 19 mm or 26 mm for HC eyepieces

must not be used!

For a certain microscope configuration a certain eyepiece field of view number must not be exceeded (see below), e. g. 20. If the maximum field of view is exceeded, this may result in a disturbing loss of definition or vignetting at the edge of the image, → following pages!

The eyepiece field of view (fov) designates the diameter of the intermediate image in the eyepiece in mm, i. e. the diameter of the circular diaphragm which limits the image format and which lies within the eyepiece.

This fov is indicated on the eyepiece after the magnification, e. g. 10x/20. A maximum fov of 20 is recommended for the Leica DM IL microscope.

The maximum admissible eyepiece field of view number of a certain configuration is derived from the following instrument data:

Field performance of objectives see below Field performance of intermediate module(s) see below Field of view number of tubes → p. 74 Condenser characteristics → p. 75

The decisive value is always the smallest. If e. g. the intermediate modules (see below) only allow the field of view number 20 while the objectives and tube allow 25, the maximum admissible fov number for the eyepiece is 20. Eyepieces with a fov number of 25 can cause vignetting. In detail, the following applies:

Page 71

The diameter of the observed object field is calculated by dividing the field of view diameter by the objective magnification and the magnification of the microscope optics.

Example: Eyepiece 10x/20 Objective PLAN 4/0.10 Magnification factor of Leica DM IL microscope optics 1x

Field performance of objectives

The engraving on the objectives does not indicate their field performance. This performance can vary slightly within the same class of objectives, e. g. the lower objective magnifications may well have slightly higher values than the approximative values given below:

Objective series max. recommended

eyepiece fov

Observed object field

20 mm

= Ø 5 mm

4x 1

The overall magnification of the microscope is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece with the magnification of the objective and the magnification of the microscope optics.

Example: Eyepiece 10x/ 20 Objective PLAN 4/0.10 Magnification factor 1x

Overall magnification 10 x 4 x 1 = 40x

15 20 22 25

Achromats C PLAN Achromats APO L Apochromats N PLAN Planachromats PL FLUOTAR® Semiapo. PL APO Planapochromats

A current data sheet covering all Leica objectives can be obtained from your local Leica representative.

Field performance of intermediate modules

The maximum admissible field performance of the intermediate modules is derived from the type designation listed in the following table and also on your invoice. Each type designation consists of two values which are separated by a slash, e. g. Ergo module L 2/25.

The first value (2 in the example) is a relative measure (height index) of the overall height of the module. Multigiving the height index by the factor 15 yields the amount in mm by which the viewing port or the overall height of the microscope is increased, i. e. 2 x 15 = 30 mm. The second value (25 in the example) is the maxi-mum field of view number which is possible with this module.

Ergo module L 2/25 Magnification changer L 3/25 Drawing facility L 3/20 Discussion facility L 3/20 (2 viewers)

Page 72

Performance data of filters

Filter

Grey filter N/Neutral filter Grey filters (neutral filters) are used to attenuate

Green filter, GR panchromatic Contrast enhancement for b/w images.

DLF Conversion filter (daylight filter blue, similar to

BG38 (Blue filter) Suppression of red in fluorescence applications

ALF Artificial light filter for colour photography with

BG20 For red enhancement in Polaroid images.

VG9 (Green filter) Contrast enhancement for chromosome photo-

Application

the light without influencing the colour temperature. The engraved value, e. g. N16, indicates the attenuation. N16 indicates a reduction to 1/16 = 100/16 = 6.25 % transmission.

CB12) for colour photography with daylight film, integrated in filter magazine.

(integrated in fluorescence illuminator).

artificial light film, to enhance colour contrast.

graphy.

CB1.5, CB3 Conversion filter blue: To increase the colour

temperature when using special lamps.

CR1.5 Conversion filter red: To reduce the colour

temperature, e. g. from 6000 K (colour temperature of a Xe lamp) to 5500 K (colour temperature for daylight film).

BG23 Contrast enhancement of the complementary

colours blue and red on b/w film.

Page 73

Performance data of tubes

DM ILT trinocular tube

The tube changer is the same as with the upright microscope stands. The tubes can be rotated and changed.

DM ILB binocular tube

The binocular tube consists of a body with the tube changer ring attached to the lower side. The tube lens has a factor of 1x. The Siedentopf binocular tube permits to adjust the interpupillary distance from 55 mm to 75 mm while maintaining the tube length. The viewing angle is 45°. The tube has an adjustable eyepiece tube. It offers a field of view number of 20. When intermediate tubes are used, the maximum possible field of view number is 18 (e. g. when using the drawing facility).

The trinocular tube consists of a body with the tube changer ring attached to the lower side. The tube lens has a factor of 1x. The Siedentopf binocular tube permits to adjust the interpupillary distance from 55 mm to 75 mm while maintaining the tube length. The viewing angle is 45°. The tube has an adjustable eyepiece tube. It offers a field of view number of 20. When intermediate tubes are used, the maximum possible field of view number is 18 (e. g. when using the drawing facility or the multi-discussion facility). The lateral documentation port is to be fitted with HC components only. The tube contains a switchable mirror with two positions: a) 100 % of light directed to binocular tube b) 100 % of light directed to photo tube The optical axis of the documentation port is offset to the left by 88 mm. This offers a free view of the specimen when using this tube.

Fig. 65 DM ILB binocular tube Fig. 66 DM ILT trinocular tube

Page 74

Tubes from the DM L range

The use of tubes from the DM L range requires a tube adapter. The DM IL/L tube adapter is an intermediate tube with a length of 60 mm and without optics which is used to adapt the pupil position. It has a tube changer ring at the bottom and a tube changer area for the DM L tubes at the upper end. The following tubes can be used:

Binocular tube HC LB 0/3/4 and HC LBP 0/3/4 Trinocular tube HC L1T 4/5/7 and HC L1TP 4/5/7 Trinocular tube with 3 switch positions HC L3TP 4/5/7 Ergo tube, binocular HC LVB 0/4/4 Ergo photo tube, trinocular HC L1VT 0/4/4

Field of view number of DM L tubes

The type designation of DM L tubes also contains a combination of numbers to indicate the maximum admissible eyepiece fov number, e. g. binocular tube HC LB 0/3/4. The numbers 0/3/4 indicate the maximum admissible height index of the intermediate modules for the eyepiece field numbers 25, 22 and 20. In the above example, this means: 1st number (0): fov 25 can only be obtained if the tube is directly mounted onto the microscope, i. e. without an intermediate system. 2nd number (3): fov 22 is only possible up to height index 3, e. g. magnification changer L3/25. 3rd number (4): fov 20 up to max. height index 4, e. g. 2 Ergo modules L 2/25. If the number is replaced with a hyphen –, e. g. monocular tube LMP –/–/7, the tube cannot be used for the corresponding fov at all; in the above example, this means it cannot be used for fov 25 and 22, while fov 20 is possible up to index 7. Exceeding the admissible values can result in vignetting (shading at the edges of the image).

HC label: Only eyepieces of type HC PLAN and widefield 16x and 25x can be used. If there is no HC label, this means that eyepieces of the type Leica L PLAN have to be used.

Additional examples:

0/4/4 Field of view 25 is only possible with direct tube

mounting to the microscope stand (height index of intermediate modules = 0), provided that suitable objectives are used. Fov 20 and 22 are possible up to height index 4, e. g. with the fluorescence device. The addition of a further module would not be admissible; a solution to the problem would be a tube with the following characteristics:

4/5/7 Fov 25 is possible up to height index 4 (e.g. 2 Ergo

modules L2/25 or magnification changer L3/25). Fov 22 is possible up to height index 5, fov 20 up to height index 7 (e. g. illuminator LRF 4/20 plus magnification changer L3/245).

–/–/7 The tube allows fields of view up to 20 mm only.

If intermediate modules are used, the total of their height values must not exceed 7.

Page 75

Performance data of condensers

S 55 0.35 condenser

S 90 0.23 condenser

Suitable for lab vessels up to a height of 90 mm and objectives with numerical apertures up to

0.50. Offers an optimal matching of light and phase rings up to liquid levels of 35 mm in phase contrast applications.

Applications of condensers S 90 and S 55:

Suitable for lab vessels up to a height of 55 mm and objectives with numerical apertures up to

0.60. Offers an optimal matching of light and phase rings up to liquid levels of 50 mm in phase contrast applications.

Illumination S 90 Light rings/ S 55 Light rings/ method Objectives Accessories Objectives Accessories

Bright-field 25x (with diffuser) 2.5x (with diffuser)

4x –100x – 4x –100x –

Phase 5x Phaco O 5x Phaco O contrast 10x –20x Phaco 1 10x– 20x Phaco 1

40x –63x Phaco 2

Integrated not C PLAN 10x/0.22 AP 32.2 Modulation possible C PLAN L 20x/0.30 D Contrast C PLAN L 40x/0.50 D

and all objectives with pupil position D

IMC

slide

Page 76

Incident-light fluorescence illumination*

To obtain a brighter image for incident-light fluorescence applications, the Leica DM IL microscope is preferably fitted with mercury and Xenon gas discharge lamps but can also be operated with a 12 V/100 W halogen lamp.

107/2 lamp housing

The shield connection of the lamp housing is screwed down to the equipontial bonding point on the 12 V/100 W power unit. This lamp housing for incident-light and transmitted-light operation has a 1-lens fixed collector and a fixed 12 V/ 100 W lamp.

Performance data of lamp housings 106 lamp housing*

The 106 lamp housing is fitted with a 12 V/100 W halogen lamp. The lamp holder can be centred in the x/y plane. The aspherical collector can be focused. The 106 lamp housing does not have a reflector but is fitted with a diffuser disc and a heat-absorbing filter.

106z lamp housing*

Same as 106 lamp housing but with centrable and focusable reflector and 4- to 6-lens collector. A quartz collector is available on request. The following lamps can be used, each with the corresponding special lamp holder: – Halogen lamp 12 V/100 W – Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 50 W (AC) – Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W

(DC, stabilised)

– Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W

(DC, stabilised Type 103 W/2)

– Xe ultra-high pressure lamp 75 W

(DC, stabilised)

Note: The LH 105 lamp housings have been replaced with the LH 106 lamp housings. However, they are compatible to the LH 106 lamp housings and can also be used.

Type

Halogen lamp 6 V/35 W Halogen lamp 12 V/100 W Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 50 W (AC) Xe high pressure lamp 75 W (DC) Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W (DC) Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W (DC, Type 103 W/2)

Typical lifetime

50 h 50 h 100 h 400 h 200 h 300 h

Page 77

Overview of lamp housings with order numbers

Non-centrable lamp housings

LH 106 LH 107, left LH 107/2 LH 35/2

6 V/35 W 504 088 12 V/100 W, 0.55 m 504 058 504 086 504 080 12 V/100 W, 2.0 m 504 059 12 V/100 W, 2.0 m, 504 085 shielded

Centrable lamp housings

L 106, right LH 106, left 4-lens 6-lens 6-lens

12 V/100 W, 0.55 m 507 070 504 087 12 V/100 W, 2 m 504 071 12 V/100 W, 2.9 m 504 065

Hg 100 W, w. cable 504 068 504 062 Hg 100 W, w. cable, 3 m 504 069 504 063 Hg 100 W, w/o cable 504 083 504 090 Hg 50 W 504 066 Xe 75 W 504 061 504 089

Page 78

General specifications

For indoor use only Supply voltage:

Mains frequency: Power consumption: Fuses: Operating temperature: Relative humidity: Overvoltage category: Pollution degree:

100/115/230 V~ 50 –60 Hz~ 50 VA 2x T800 mA 10 –36 °C 0 –80 % up to 30 °C II 2

Page 79

Specifications of the power unit General specifications

For indoor use only Supply voltage: Mains frequency: Power consumption: Fuses: Ambient temperature: Relative humidity: Overvoltage category: Pollution degree:

Specifications

90 –250 V~ 50 –60 Hz 160 W T 4 A 10 –36 °C 0 –80 % up to 30 °C II 2

Lamp DC voltage:

Voltage setting:

Maximum lamp voltage:

Soft start:

Mains voltage dependence

= Mains voltage

= Lamp voltage

: 90 –250 Vac, ULa = 12 V:

: 90 –250 Vac, ULa <= 11 V:

: 100 – 130 Vac, ULa <= 11 V:

: 200 – 250 Vac, ULa <= 11 V:

Lamp voltage drift 0 to 10 min:

Efficiency:

Short-circuit and open-circuit proof

Adjustable from

2.5 V ± 5 % to 12 V – 5 %/8.5 A

Potentiometer 5 Kohms Turn clockwise for maximum intensity

12.0 V for 90 V to 250 V~

Rise time to maximum output voltage 0.2 to 1 second

< – 5 % < ± 1 % < ± 0.5 % < ± 0.5 %

< 2 %

approx. 75 %

Life expectancy:

> 5.0000 h

Page 80

Main wear and replacement parts

Order No. Part No. Component Used for

Spare lamps 500 322 Halogen lamp 6 V/35 W Integrated illumination

500 974 Halogen lamp 12 V/100 W Lamp housing 105 500 137 Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 50 W Lamp housing 106 z 500 138 Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W Lamp housing 106 z in preparation Hg ultra-high pressure lamp 100 W Lamp housing 106 z

500 139 Xenon high pressure lamp 75 W Lamp housing 106 z

Tools/Adjustment keys 016-500.020-001 Hexagonal screwdriver Assembly and adjustment 020-434-045 2.5 mm Allen key, Assembly of heating stage and

Screw covers for unused nosepiece positions 020-422.570-000 Screw cover M25 Objective nosepiece

Spare eyecups (glare protection) for HC PLAN eyepieces 021-500.017-005 Eyecup for HC PLAN Eyepiece 10x/25 021-264.520-018 Eyecup for HC PLAN Eyepiece 10x/22 021-264.520-018 Eyecup for HC PLAN Eyepiece 10x/20 021-252.505-012 Eyecup for standard eyepiece Eyepiece 10x/18 004-168.001 and 120 Eyecup for standard eyepiece Eyepiece 10x/20 004-168.001 and 120 Eyecup for standard eyepiece Eyepiece 10x/18 M

OSRAM 64275 transmitted light

(103 W/2)

angled, shortened illumination mirror

Immersion oil in compliance with DIN/ISO, fluorescence-free 513 787 10 ml Objectives OIL and IMM 513 522 100 ml 513 788 500 ml

Spare fuses in compliance with IEC 127-2 and/or UL 198 G and/oder manufacturer type: 846-205.000-00 T 4A Leica 12 V/100 W power unit

826-252.000-00 T 800 mA Leica DM IL microscope

Ignition capacitor 302-053.023-001 Ignition capacitor Power unit HG 50 (500 277)

Wickmann 19 195/ Schutter FST

Page 81

EU Declaration of conformity

We hereby declare that the device described below, both in its basic design and construction and in the version marked by us, conforms to the relevant safety- and health-related requirements of the appropriate EU directives. This declaration shall cease to be valid if modifications are made to the device without our approval.

Product: DM IL/DM ILM

Model: Microscope

Identification no.: 301-135.001

301-135.002 301-135.003

EU directives: Low voltage: 73/23/EWG

EMC: 89/336/EWG

Harmonised EN 61 010-1/1993 standards EN 50 081-1/1992 applied: EN 50 082-1/1997

Wetzlar, September 24, 1998

Horst Kirstein Dr. J. Reinschmidt General Manager Financial Controller

Page 82

Notes

Page 83

Leica

DM IL

Bedienungsanleitung

Page 84

Copyrights

Alle Rechte an dieser Dokumentation liegen bei der Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH. Eine Vervielfältigung von Text und Abbildungen – auch von Teilen daraus – durch Druck, Fotokopie, Mikrofilm oder andere Verfahren, inklusive elektronischer Systeme, ist nur mit ausdrücklicher schriftlicher Genehmigung der Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH gestattet.

Die in der folgenden Dokumentation enthaltenen Hinweise stellen den derzeit aktuellen Stand der Technik sowie den derzeit aktuellen Wissensstand dar. Die Zusammenstellung von Texten und Abbildungen haben wir mit größter Sorgfalt durchgeführt. Da sich Fehler trotzdem nicht ganz vermeiden lassen, können wir für die Richtigkeit des Inhaltes dieses Handbuches allerdings keine Haftung irgendwelcher Art übernehmen. Wir sind jedoch für Hinweise auf eventuell vorhandene Fehler jederzeit dankbar.

Die in diesem Handbuch enthaltenen Informationen können ohne vorherige Ankündigung geändert werden.

Page 85

Inhalt

Wichtige Hinweise ............................................ 6

Allgemeine Sicherheitshinweise ................... 7

Verwendungszweck .......................................... 9

Das Mikroskop und seine Komponenten ...... 10

Aufstellungsort.................................................... 15

Auspacken ........................................................... 15

Aufstellen ............................................................. 17

Aufstellen der Optionen ..................................... 26

Bedienung ............................................................ 39

Grundeinstellung Durchlicht............................. 39

Bedienung Objektive .......................................... 42

Bedienung Durchlicht ........................................ 43

Bedienung Phasenkontrast............................... 45

Bedienung Integrierter

Modulationskontrast (IMC) ............................... 47

Bedienung Auflicht-Fluoreszenz ...................... 51

Pflege und Wartung ........................................... 56

Technische Beschreibung ................................ 67

Objektive ............................................................... 67

Okulare .................................................................. 70

Filter ..................................................................... 72

Tuben..................................................................... 73

Kondensoren........................................................ 75

Lampen und Lampenhäuser.............................. 76

Technische Daten ............................................... 78

Wichtigste Verschleiß- und Ersatzteile ........ 80

EU-Konformitätserklärung ................................ 81

Fehlersuche, Lampenwechsel und

Sicherungswechsel ........................................... 58

Lagerung ............................................................... 66

Verpackung und Transport ............................... 66

Page 86

Wichtige Hinweise

Diese Bedienungsanleitung ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Mikroskops Leica DM IL und muß vor Inbetriebnahme und Gebrauch sorgfältig gelesen werden.

Diese Bedienungsanleitung enthält wichtige Anweisungen und Informationen für die Betriebssicherheit und Instandhaltung des Systems. Sie muß daher sorgfältig aufbewahrt werden.

Textsymbole und ihre Bedeutung:

(1.2)

→ S. 20

Die Anleitung ist mehrsprachig. Aufgrund der Spiralbindung können Sie die gewünschte Anleitung an den Anfang stellen.

Ziffern in Klammern, z.B. (1.2), beziehen sich auf Abbildungen, im Beispiel Abb. 1, Pos. 2.

Ziffern mit Hinweispfeil, z.B. → S. 20, weisen auf eine bestimmte Seite dieser Anleitung hin.

Besondere Sicherheitshinweise sind durch das nebenstehende Dreieckssymbol gekennzeichnet und grau unterlegt.

Achtung! Bei einer Fehlbedienung können Mikroskop bzw. Zubehörteile beschädigt werden.

Warnung vor heißer Oberfläche.

Erklärender Hinweis.

Nicht in allen Ausrüstungen enthaltene Position.

Page 87

Allgemeine Sicherheitshinweise

Dieses Gerät der Schutzklasse I ist gemäß EN 61010-1/IEC 1010-1, Sicherheitsbestimmungen für elektrische Meß-, Steuer-, Regel- und Laborgeräte gebaut und geprüft.

Um diesen Zustand zu erhalten und einen gefahrlosen Betrieb sicherzustellen, muß der Anwender die Hinweise und Warnvermerke beachten, die in dieser Gebrauchsanweisung enthalten sind.

Der Netzstecker darf nur in eine Steckdose mit Schutzkontakt eingeführt werden.

Die Schutzwirkung darf nicht durch eine Verlängerungsleitung ohne Schutzleiter aufgehoben werden. Jegliche Unterbrechung des Schutzleiters innerhalb oder außerhalb des Gerätes oder Lösen des Schutzleiteranschlusses kann dazu führen, daß das Gerät gefahrbringend wird. Absichtliche Unterbrechung ist nicht zulässig!

Achtung!

Es ist sicherzustellen, daß nur Sicherungen vom angegebenen Typ und der angegebenen Nennstromstärke als Ersatz verwendet werden. Die Verwendung geflickter Sicherungen oder Kurzschließen des Sicherungshalters ist unzulässig.

Die in der Bedienungsanleitung beschriebenen Geräte bzw. Zubehörkomponenten sind hinsichtlich Sicherheit oder möglicher Gefahren überprüft worden. Bei jedem Eingriff in das Gerät, bei Modifikationen oder der Kombination mit Nicht-LeicaKomponenten, die über den Umfang dieser Anleitung hinausgehen, muß die zuständige Leica-Vertretung oder das Stammwerk in Wetzlar konsultiert werden!

Bei einem nicht autorisierten Eingriff in das Gerät oder bei nicht bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch erlischt jeglicher Garantieanspruch!

Achtung!

Durch Anschluß an die Erdung können an das Mikroskop angeschlossene Zusatzgeräte mit eigener und/oder verschiedener Netzversorgung auf gleiches Schutzleiterpotential gebracht werden. Bei Netzen ohne Schutzleiter ist der Service zu fragen.

Achtung!

Page 88

Achtung!

Die elektrischen Zubehörkomponenten des Mikroskops sind nicht gegen Wassereintritt geschützt. Wassereintritt kann zu einem elektrischen Schlag führen. Stellen Sie das Mikroskop und seine Zubehörkomponenten nicht in unmittelbare Nähe eines Wasseranschlusses oder an sonstigen Orten auf, an denen die Möglichkeit des Wassereintritts besteht.

Achtung!

Schalten Sie vor dem Austausch der Sicherungen oder der Lampen unbedingt den Netzschalter aus und entfernen Sie das Netzkabel.

Schützen Sie das Mikroskop vor zu hohen Temperaturschwankungen. Es kann zur Kondensatbildung kommen, wodurch die elektrischen und optischen Komponenten beschädigt werden können.

Achtung!

Bei der Anwendung von Immersionsölen Hautkontakt vermeiden! Sicherheitsdatenblatt beim Lieferanten anfordern!

Page 89

Verwendungszweck

Das Mikroskop Leica DM IL wird für Routineuntersuchungen von Zell- und Gewebekulturen, Flüssigkeiten und Sedimenten verwendet.

Es existieren zwei Grundstative für die biologischen Applikationen. Zum einen die StandardHellfeld-Variante mit den Kontrastiermethoden Hellfeld (BF), Phasenkontrast (Phaco) und Integrierter Modulationskontrast (IMC) und zum anderen das Fluoreszenz-Stativ, das zusätzlich zu den drei Durchlicht-Kontrastierverfahren noch die Auflichtfluoreszenz ermöglicht.

Alle Mikroskopierverfahren und das notwendige Zubehör zum Leica DM IL werden im Bedienungsteil dieses Handbuchs ausführlich in ihrer Funktion und in ihrer Bedienung beschrieben und erläutert.

Page 90

Das Mikroskop und seine Komponenten

Wichtige Baugruppen

Die folgenden Gesamtansichten zeigen und benennen wichtige Baugruppen des Mikroskops und seiner Zubehörkomponenten.

Abb. 1 –3 1 Binokularphototubus DM ILT, 2 Okularstutzen, 3 Okulare, 4 Tubusaufnahme, 5 Leerschieber bzw. IMC-Modulator, 6 Integriertes Lampengehäuse mit Halogenglühlampe 6 V/35 W, 7 Aufnahme für Filter Ø 32 mm, 8 Leerschieber bzw. Modula-

Abb. 1 Rechte Stativseite

1 4

tions- oder Phasenkontrastschieber, 9 Aperturblende, 10 Kondensor S 55, 11 Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger, 12 Rasthebel für Kondensorhöhenverstellung, 13 Durchlicht-Beleuchtungssäule, 14 Objekttisch, 15 Objektivrevolver und Objektive,

16 Helligkeitsregelung, 17 Grob- und Feintrieb, 18 Netzschalter, 19 Fluoreszenz-Filterblöcke, 20 Fluoreszenz-Lampenhaus, 21 Dun-

kelstop, 22 BG9 Filter, 23 Stabilisierungsplatte, 24 c-Mount-

adapter, 25 Tubusadapter IL/L,

sionseinrichtung, 28 Kondensor S 90

Abb. 3 Stativ mit DM L-Tuben und Diskussionseinrichtung

26 DML-Tuben, 27 Multidiskus-

Video-

Abb. 2 Linke Stativseite

11 12

14 15

Page 91

Stativ

Tubusadapter IL/L

Das Stativ Leica DM IL bietet eine hohe Standfestigkeit aufgrund des tiefen Schwerpunktes. Beim Einsatz der Multidiskussionseinrichtung* oder für Langzeitbelichtungen bei der Mikrophotographie ist zur Verbesserung der Standfestigkeit eine Stativstabilisierungsplatte* verfügbar. Für die Auflicht-Fluoreszenz ist in einer zweiten Stativ-Variante eine Auflichtachse integriert.

Tubusaufnahme

Die Schnittstelle zwischen Stativ und Tubus heißt Tubusaufnahme. Die Tubusaufnahme gestattet den Einsatz der Tuben DM ILB und DMILT, sowie des Tubusadapters IL/L, der den Einsatz der DM L-Tuben erlaubt. Das Ergomodul, sowie das Zeichenmodul können auch direkt auf die Tubusaufnahme montiert werden, wenn die Tuben DM ILB oder DMILT benutzt werden (siehe auch Tubusadapter).

Tubus

Der Tubus enthält eine Tubuslinse 1x, die das Primärbild in Verbindung mit dem Objektiv erzeugt.

Der Binokular-Tubus besteht aus einem Grundkörper, dem Binokularteil und dem Tubuswechselring.

Der Trinokulartubus besitzt zusätzlich einen Dokumentationsausgang zur Aufnahme von Photo- oder Videoausrüstungen. Ein schaltbarer Spiegel lenkt das Licht jeweils zu 100 % zu den Okularen oder dem Photoausgang.

Der Tubusadapter dient der Aufnahme der Tuben aus dem DM L-Programm, sowie der Zeicheneinrichtung*, der Multidiskussionseinrichtung*, des Vergrößerungswechslers* und des Ergomoduls*.

Okulare

Mit dem Okular wird ein vergrößertes, virtuelles Bild des reellen, vom Objektiv entworfenen Zwischenbildes erzeugt. Dabei wirkt das Okular als Lupe.

Durchlicht-Beleuchtungseinheit

Die Durchlicht-Beleuchtungseinheit besteht aus dem Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger und der Durchlicht-Beleuchtungssäule. Der DurchlichtBeleuchtungsträger beinhaltet eine vorzentrierte, lichtstarke Halogenglühlampe 6 V 35 W, eine Aufnahme für einen Blendenschieber, eine Aufnahme für einen Lichtfilter, einen Kondensor sowie eine Aperturblende.

Lampengehäuse

Das Stativ Leica DM IL besitzt ein integriertes Lampenhaus mit einer 6 V/35W Halogenglühlampe.

Filter

Die Filter dienen im allgemeinen der besseren Konstrastierung des Präparates. Sie sind in einer Löffelhalterung ( Ø 32 mm) fest montiert. Verschiedene Filter können in die Filteraufnahme der Durchlichtbeleuchtungseinheit eingesetzt werden.

Die Tuben zum DM IL sind wechsel- und drehbar.

Page 92

Aperturblende

Objektivrevolver und Objektive

Die Aperturblende bestimmt Auflösung, Tiefenschärfe und Kontrast des mikroskopischen Bildes. Die beste Auflösung erreicht man, wenn die Aperturen von Objektiv und Kondensor etwa gleich sind.

Achtung:

Die Aperturblende im Beleuchtungsstrahlengang dient nicht zur Einstellung der Bildhellig-

keit. Hierfür sind ausschließlich der Drehknopf zur Helligkeitsregulierung bzw. neutrale Lichtdämpfungsfilter zu benutzen.

Kondensor

Der Kondensor ist ein Linsensystem durch welches das Licht gesammelt wird und von oben auf das Präparat trifft. Der Kondensor dient der Ausnutzung der numerischen Apertur im Objektiv.

Rasthebel für Kondensorhöhenverstellung

Der Rasthebel dient der Kondensorhöhenverstellung durch Verschieben des DurchlichtBeleuchtungsträgers. Die Markierungen an der Durchlicht-Beleuchtungssäule geben die für den verwendeten Kondensor einzustellende Höhe an.

Objekttische und Zubehör

Der Objekttisch dient der Aufnahme der zu mikroskopierenden Präparate. Für das Mikroskopieren der unterschiedlichen Objekte stehen mehrere Optionen wie z. B. Objektführer, Tischverbreiterung, Halteklammern, Scanningtisch, Wärmetisch etc. zur Verfügung.

Der Objektivrevolver dient der Aufnahme der Objektive. Speziell die L-Objektive mit langem Arbeitsabstand berücksichtigen unter anderem in ihrer Korrektur die unterschiedlichen Dicken der Gefäßböden. Es sind alle Mikroskopobjektive ab der Vergrö- ßerung 2.5 bis 100 verwendbar. Alle Objektive aus dem DM L und DM R Programm mit Gewinde 25 mm sind kompatibel. Ein Objektiv-Sortiment finden Sie in Kapitel „Technische Daten; Leistungsdaten“ oder auf den jeweils gültigen Objektivlisten, die Sie über Ihre Leica-Vertretung beziehen können.

Helligkeitsregler

Im Stativ ist ein Transformator 6 V 35 W zur stufenlosen Regulierung der Helligkeit über den Helligkeitsregler eingebaut.

Grob- und Feinfokustrieb

Der Grob- und Feinfokustrieb ermöglicht ein schnelles und präzises Einstellen des mikroskopischen Bildes. Die Fokussierung erfolgt durch eine vertikale Bewegung des Objektivrevolvers. Der Hub beträgt 7 mm.

Netzschalter

Der beleuchtete Netzschalter dient zum Ein- und Ausschalten der Stromversorgung des Mikroskops. So ist auch in dunklen Räumen sofort erkennbar, ob das Mikroskop eingeschaltet ist.

Sicherungshalter mit Spannungseinstellungsmodul

Der Sicherungshalter ist mit zwei Sicherungen und einem Spannungseinstellungsmodul ausgestattet. Die Spannung muß je nach Verwenderland auf 100 V, 115 V oder 230 V eingestellt sein (Toleranz ± 10%).

Page 93

Auflicht-Fluoreszenz-Einrichtung*

Die Stativvariante mit der Auflicht-FluoreszenzEinrichtung enthält die integrierte Fluoreszenzachse und die Lampenaufnahme zur Befestigung eines Lampenhauses.

Fluoreszenz-Filterblockschieber*

Der Fluoreszenz-Filterblockschieber nimmt bis zu 3 Fluoreszenz-Filterblöcke auf. Der Filterblockschieber kann zwischen drei Schaltpositionen hin- und herbewegt werden. Eine Position des Schiebers kann auch als Hellfeldposition benutzt werden, indem kein Filterblock eingesetzt wird.

Folgende Lampen mit jeweils speziellen Fassungen sind möglich:

Halogenglühlampe 12 V 100 W Hg Höchstdrucklampe 50 W, Wechselstrom Hg Höchstdrucklampe 100 W, Gleichstrom, ohne Zündgerät Hg Höchstdrucklampe 100 W, Gleichstrom, mit Zündgerät Xe Höchstdrucklampe 75 W, Gleichstrom, mit Zündgerät

Hierfür ist es nötig, das Stativ mit einem Unterbau zu erhöhen,

da der Freiraum nicht ausreicht.

Vorschaltgerät*

Für die Auflicht-Fluoreszenz und die entsprechenden Lampenhäuser wird ein externes Vorschaltgerät zur Lampenregulierung eingesetzt.

Lampen und Lampenhäuser* für die Auflicht-Fluoreszenz-Einrichtung

Für die Auflicht-Fluoreszenz wird eine zusätzliche Beleuchtung benötigt. Am DM IL können alle Lampenhäuser der Reihe 106 und 107 benutzt werden. Die Bedienelemente der Lampenhäuser sind je nach Ausführung rechts- oder linksseitig angeordnet. Die Lampenhäuser LH 106 und LH 107 werden nur mit einer Halogenglühlampe 12 V 100 W verwendet, die in x- und y-Richtung zentrierbar ist. Beide Lampenhäuser sind ohne Reflektor, aber mit Streuscheibe und Wärmeschutzfilter, sowie mit fokussierbarem, asphärischem Kollektor ausgestattet. Das Lampenhaus LH 106 z entspricht dem Lampenhaus LH 106, ist jedoch mit einem zentrier- und fokussierbaren Reflektor ausgestattet. Außerdem enthält es einen 4- oder 6linsigen Kollektor (Quarzkollektor auf Anfrage).

Modulationsschieber oder Phasenkontrastschieber*

Der Modulationsschieber oder Phasenkontrastschieber ist Bestandteil eines Kontrastierverfahrens, entweder des Integrierten Modulationskontrastes (IMC) oder des Phasenkontrastes. Für die Kondensoren S 55 und S 90 werden die gleichen Schieber benutzt, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Phasenringen. Wird kein Phasenschieber oder Modulationsschieber benutzt, kann in der entsprechenden Aufnahme am Kondensor auch ein Leerschieber eingesetzt werden.

IMC-Modulator*

Für den Integrierten Modulationskontrast von Leica wird im Stativ der IMC-Modulator angeboten. (→ S. 47 Bedienung IMC). Standardmäßig sind alle DM IL-Stative mit einem Leerschieber ausgerüstet.

Page 94

Die Stativ-Rückseite

Abb. 4 1 Anschluß für 6 V/35 W 2 Netzanschluß 3 Sicherungseinsatz mit 2 Netzsicherungen 4 Potentialausgleich 5 Logo Potentialausgleich 6 Lampenaufnahme (für Fluoreszenz-Variante) 7 Sicherheitshinweis 8 Typenschild

5 4

Page 95

Aufstellungsort

Auspacken

Das Arbeiten mit dem Mikroskop sollte in einem staubfreien Raum erfolgen, der frei von Öl- und chemischen Dämpfen und extremer Luftfeuchtigkeit ist. Am Arbeitsplatz sollen außerdem große Temperaturschwankungen, direkt einfallendes Sonnenlicht und Erschütterungen vermieden werden. Hierdurch können Messungen bzw. mikrographische Aufnahmen gestört werden.

Umgebungsbedingungen: Temperatur 10– 36 °C Relative Luftfeuchtigkeit 0 – 80% bis 30 °C

In warmen und feucht-warmen Klimazonen brauchen Mikroskope besondere Pflege, um einer Fungusbildung vorzubeugen. Weitere Hinweise in den Kapiteln „Wartung“ und „Lagerung“.

Achtung!

Lampenhäuser* und Vorschaltgeräte* müssen mindestens 10 cm von der Wand und von brennbaren Gegenständen entfernt aufgestellt werden.

Bitte vergleichen Sie die Lieferung sorgfältig mit dem Packzettel, Lieferschein oder der Rechnung. Wir empfehlen dringend, eine Kopie dieser Dokumente mit der Anleitung aufzubewahren, um z. B. bei späteren Nachbestellungen oder Servicearbeiten Informationen über Lieferzeitpunkt und Lieferumfang zu haben. Bitte achten Sie darauf, daß keine Kleinteile im Verpackungsmaterial verbleiben. Für umweltfreundliches Recycling weist unser Verpackungsmaterial zum Teil Symbole auf.

Hinweis

Bewahren Sie das Verpackungsmaterial für die Lagerung und den Transport des Mikroskops und seiner Zubehörkomponenten auf.

Achtung!

Das Berühren der Linsenoberfläche der Optik ist möglichst zu vermeiden. Entstehen dennoch Fingerabdrücke auf den Glasflächen, so sind diese mit einem weichen Leder- oder Leinenlappen zu entfernen. Schon geringe Spuren von Fingerschweiß können die Oberflächen optischer Geräte in kurzer Zeit angreifen. Weitere Hinweise in den Kapiteln „Wartung“ und „Reinigung”.

Page 96

Achtung!

Vorschaltgerät* und Peripherie* auf keinen Fall bereits jetzt an die Steckdose anschließen!

Folgende Teile können zum Lieferumfang gehören: – Leica DM IL Stativ

(Durchlicht- oder Auflicht-Fluoreszenz)

– Beleuchtungs- und Kondensorträger – Tubus – Okulare – Objektive – Kondensor – Schutzhülle – Netzkabel – Bedienungsanleitung

Optionale Komponenten:

– Tubusadapter IL/L – Phasenschieber – Einstellfernrohr – IMC-Schieber – IMC-Modul – Filter für Durchlicht – Filterschieber für Fluoreszenzblöcke – Fluoreszenzblöcke – Lampenhaus – Halogen-Ersatzlampe – Quecksilber-Höchstdrucklampe – Externes Vorschaltgerät – c-Mount-Videoadapter – Kamera – Objekttisch-Zubehör – Weitere Komponenten aus dem DM L-

Programm, wie Tuben, Zeicheneinrichtung, Multidiskussionseinrichtung, Vergrößerungs- wechsler, Ergomodul

Abb. 5 DM IL- 1 Ergophototubus aus dem DM L-Programm, 2 Zeichenein-

richtung, 3 Objekttisch mit Zubehör, 4 Tubusadapter IL/L

Stativ mit Zeicheneinrichtung und Ergophototubu

Page 97

Aufstellen

• Entnehmen Sie zunächst alle Komponenten dem Transport- und Verpackungsmaterial.

• Stellen Sie das Basisstativ DM IL auf einen ausreichend freien Arbeitstisch.

• Vergewissern Sie sich, daß alle vier Stativfüße an der Stativunterseite bereits vor- montiert sind.

Achtung!

Auf keinen Fall bereits jetzt das Stativ an die Steckdose anschließen!

Abb. 6 Stativ mit Durchlichtbeleuchtungssäule 1 Schraube für den Kondensor-Kollisionsschutz, 2 Stativfüße

• Sollte zu Ihrem Lieferumfang eine Stabilisierungsplatte gehören, so wird sie jetzt mittels zwei Schrauben so an der Stativunterseite befestigt, daß die zwei vorderen Stativfüßchen in die Aussparungen passen (Abb. 7). Ziehen Sie die Schrauben fest an und stellen Sie das Stativ anschließend wieder aufrecht hin.

Ansetzen der Kondensoren

• Schrauben Sie den Kondensor S 90 (8.1) oder S 55 (8.2) von unten in die Kondensoraufnahme (9.2) des Durchlichtbeleuchtungsträgers ein.

Abb. 7 Stabilisierungsplatte

Abb. 8 1 Kondensor S 90, 2 Kondensor S 55

Page 98

Einsetzen des Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträgers

• Setzen Sie den Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger von oben in die Säule ein, indem Sie den Rasthebel für die Kondensorhöhenverstellung (9.5) gedrückt halten.

• Positionieren Sie den Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger (9.3) je nach verwendetem Kondensor (S 55 bzw. S 90) an der DurchlichtBeleuchtungssäule (9.4) und lassen Sie den Rasthebel los. Die Markierungen (9.6) beziehen sich auf eine Flüssigkeitshöhe von 15 mm. Bei Stativen mit Doppelmarkierung entspricht der untere Strich 15 mm, der obere 50 mm Flüssigkeitshöhe.

• Prüfen Sie, ob der Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger eingerastet ist.

Hinweis

Eine Schraube (6.1) an der DurchlichtBeleuchtungssäule verhindert ein Kollidieren des Kondensors mit dem Objekttisch.

Umsetzen des Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträgers mit dem Objekttisch

Hinweis

Für den beheizbaren Tisch* ist nur eine Position des Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträgers möglich. Diese Position ist durch die vorgegebenen Bohrungen im Tisch festgelegt.

Abb. 9 Durchlichtbeleuchtungseinheit mit Kondensor 1 Kondensor (S 90), 2 Kondensoraufnahme, 3 Durchlicht-Be-

leuchtungsträger, 4 Durchlicht-Beleuchtungssäule, 5 Rasthebel zur Kondensorhöhenverstellung, 6 Markierungen

Ein Umsetzen des Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträgers ist ausschließlich mit den Tuben DM ILB oder DM ILT möglich. Der Objekttisch kann durch Umsetzen um 180° von drei Seiten zugänglich gemacht werden.

Page 99

Achtung!

Die Schrauben (10.1) unterhalb der Tisches am Durchlicht-Beleuchtungsträger dürfen nicht gelöst werden. Durch das Lösen dieser Schrauben wird die optische Achse verschoben.

• Lösen Sie die Schrauben (11.1) mit einem Sechskantschlüssel 3 mm und nehmen Sie die Schrauben heraus.

• Drehen Sie den Tisch mit DurchlichtBeleuchtungseinheit um 180°.

• Setzen Sie den Tisch mit DurchlichtBeleuchtungseinheit ein. Der Tisch muß in die Führungsstifte (10.2) am Stativ einrasten.

• Setzen Sie die Schrauben (12.1) ein und ziehen Sie diese fest.

• Befestigen Sie das Verbindungskabel in der Plastikführung unterhalb des Tisches (10.3).

Abb. 11 1 Schrauben zum Umsetzen des Durchlichtbeleuchtungsträgers

Abb. 10 1 Schrauben zum Fixieren der optischen Achse, 2 Führungs-

stifte, 3 Plastikführung

1 1

Abb. 12 1 Schrauben zum Umsetzen des Durchlichtbeleuchtungs-

trägers, 2 Verbindungskabel

Page 100

Elektrischer Anschluß des DurchlichtBeleuchtungsträgers

Abb. 13 Stativrückseite 1 Anschlußbuchse für Verbindungskabel

• Verbinden Sie die Durchlicht-Beleuchtung über das Verbindungskabel (12.2) mit der ein-

gebauten Stromversorgung über die Anschlußbuchse (13.1) auf der Geräterückseite.

Einsetzen der Tuben

Standardmäßig wird das Mikroskop mit dem Tubus DM ILB (Abb. 14 Binokulartubus) oder DM ILT (Abb. 15 Binokularphototubus) ausgeliefert. Weitere Hinweise im Kapitel „Technische Daten; Leistungsdaten“.

Tubus DM ILB und DM ILT

• Lösen Sie die Klemmschraube (16.1) mit einem Sechskantschlüssel 3 mm.

• Setzen Sie den Tubus (16.3) in die Tubusaufnahme (16.2) ein.

• Ziehen Sie die Klemmschraube wieder an.

• Um eine neue Beobachtungsposition einzu-

stellen, lockern Sie die Klemmschraube (16.1) und ziehen Sie diese nach entsprechender Drehung des Tubus wieder fest.

Tuben aus dem DM L-Programm Anstelle der standardmäßigen DM IL-Tuben können Sie auch einen der folgenden Tuben aus dem DM L-Programm adaptieren:

Abb. 14 Binokulartubus

Abb. 15 Binokularphototubus

Binokulartubus HC LB 0/3/4 und HC LBP 0/3/4 Trinokulartubus HC L1T 4/5/7 und HC L1TP 4/5/7 Trinokulartubus mit 3 Schaltpositionen HC L3TP 4/5/7 Ergotubus, binokular HC LVB 0/4/4 Ergophototubus, trinokular HC L1VT 0/4/4

Leica DM IL User manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual