Keithley 2000calib schematic

Model 2000Multimeter

Calibration Manual

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

W ARRANTY

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a
period of 3 years from date of shipment.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables,
rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.

During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defec­tive.

To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in
Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation
prepaid, to the indicated service facility . Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid.
Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.

LIMIT A TION OF W ARRANTY

This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written
consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-recharge­able batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instruc­tions.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL O THER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE
REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE B UYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.

NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT
OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTW ARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTR UMENTS, INC., HAS
BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAM­AGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION,
LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY .

Keithley Instruments, Inc. • 28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, OH 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: [phone] • http://www.k eithley.com

BELGIUM: Keithley Instruments B.V. Bergensesteenweg 709 • B-1600 Sint-Pieters-Leeuw • 02/363 00 40 • Fax: [phone]
CHINA: Keithley Instruments China Y uan Chen Xin Building, Room 705 • 12 Yumin Road, Dewai, Madian • Beijing 100029 • 8610-62022886 • Fax: [phone]
FRANCE: Keithley Instruments Sarl 3, allée des Garays • 91127 Palaiseau Cedex • 01-64 53 20 20 • Fax: [phone]
GERMANY: Keithley Instruments GmbH Landsberger Strasse 65 • 82110 Germering • 089/84 93 07-40 • Fax: [phone]
GREAT BRITAIN: Keithley Instruments Ltd The Minster • 58 Portman Road • Reading, Berkshire RG30 1EA • 0118-9 57 56 66 • Fax: [phone]
INDIA: Keithley Instruments GmbH Flat 2B, WILOCRISSA • 14, Rest House Crescent • Bangalore 560 001 • 91-80-509-1320/21 • Fax: [phone]
ITALY: Keithley Instruments s.r.l. Viale S. Gimignano, 38 • 20146 Milano • 02-48 39 16 01 • Fax: [phone]
NETHERLANDS: Keithley Instruments B.V. Postbus 559 • 4200 AN Gorinchem • 0183-635333 • Fax: [phone]
SWITZERLAND: Keithley Instruments SA Kriesbachstrasse 4 • 8600 Dübendorf • 01-821 94 44 • Fax: [phone]
TAIWAN: Keithley Instruments Taiwan 1 Fl. 85 Po Ai Street • Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. • 886-3572-9077• Fax: [phone]

9/00

Model 2000 Multimeter

Calibration Manual

©1994, Keithley Instruments, Inc.

All rights reserved.

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

Third Printing January 2001

Document Number: 2000-905-01 Rev. C

Manual Print History

The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created
for this manual. The Revision Le vel letter increases alphabetically as the manual under goes sub­sequent updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change in­formation that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered
sequentially . When a new Re vision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Re vision
of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each ne w Revision includes
a revised copy of this print history page.

Revision A (Document Number 2000-905-01)........................................................November 1994

Addendum A (Document Number 2000-905-02)..............................................................June 1995

Revision B (Document Number 2000-905-01)................................................................. June 2000

Revision C (Document Number 2000-905-01)............................................................ January 2001

All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

Safety Precautions

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated in­strumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous
voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present.

This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar
with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information carefully
before using the product.

The types of product users are:

Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for

ensuring that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring
that operators are adequately trained.

Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures

and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous
live circuits.

Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating, for example,

setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the
manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be
performed only by service personnel.

Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform safe installations and repairs of prod-

ucts. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable con-

nector jacks or test fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock haz­ard exists when voltage lev els greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present.

practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.

Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must en­sure that users are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, con­nections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product users in these circumstances must be
trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or
above 1000 volts,

As described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multi­meter measuring circuits (e.g., Keithley Models 175A, 199, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2010) are Installation
Category II. All other instruments’ signal terminals are Installation Category I and must not be connect­ed to mains.

Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with
impedance limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting
sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power re­ceptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks be­fore each use.

For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is ap­plied to the circuit under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any
capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching
cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

A good safety

Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power
line (earth) ground. Alw ays make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface ca­pable of withstanding the voltage being measured.

The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions
or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications
and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth

ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation

requires the use of a lid interlock.

If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documen­tation.

!

The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in
the manual.

The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the com­bined effect of normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to av oid personal contact
with these voltages.

The

WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always

read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The

CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may

invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits, including the

power transformer, test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses,
with applicable national safety approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original
component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain ac­curacy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component,
call a Keithley Instruments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument
only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Prod­ucts that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a
computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contami­nated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.

Rev. 10/99

T able of Contents

1

Performance Verification

Introduction..........................................................................................1-2

Verification test requirements ..............................................................1-3

Performing the verification test procedures.........................................1-6

Verifying DC voltage...........................................................................1-7

V erifying A C voltage ...........................................................................1-8

Verifying DC current .........................................................................1-10

V erifying A C current..........................................................................1-11

Verifying resistance ...........................................................................1-12

Calibration

2

Introduction..........................................................................................2-2

Environmental conditions....................................................................2-3

Calibration considerations...................................................................2-4

Calibration code...................................................................................2-5

Comprehensive calibration..................................................................2-6

Front panel calibration.........................................................................2-7

SCPI command calibration................................................................2-14

3

Calibration Command Reference

Introduction..........................................................................................3-2

Command summary.............................................................................3-4

Miscellaneous calibration commands..................................................3-6

DC calibration commands .................................................................3-10

AC calibration commands .................................................................3-16

Manufacturing calibration .................................................................3-18

Bus error reporting.............................................................................3-19

Detecting calibration step completion...............................................3-20

A

Specifications

Accuracy calculations.........................................................................A-7

Optimizing measurement accuracy...................................................A-10

Optimizing measurement speed........................................................A-11

B

Error Messages
Calibration Program

C

List of Illustrations

1

Performance Verification

Connections for DC volts verification.................................................1-7

Connections for AC volts verification.................................................1-8

Connections for DC current verification...........................................1-10

Connections for AC current verification............................................1-11

Connections for resistance verification (100 Ω -10M Ω ranges).........1-12

Connections for resistance verification (100M Ω range)...................1-13

Calibration

2

Low-thermal short connections...........................................................2-8

Calibrator connections for DC volts and ohms portion of

comprehensive calibration ..............................................................2-9

Connections for DC and AC amps comprehensive calibration.........2-11

Connections for AC volts calibration................................................2-12

Synthesizer connections for manufacturing calibration....................2-21

List of T ables

1

Performance Verification

Recommended verification equipment................................................1-4

DCV reading limits..............................................................................1-7

ACV reading limits..............................................................................1-9

DCI limits ..........................................................................................1-10

ACI limits ..........................................................................................1-11

Limits for resistance verification.......................................................1-13

Calibration

2

Recommended equipment for comprehensive, DC only, or

Comprehensive calibration procedures................................................2-7

DC volts calibration summary...........................................................2-10

Ohms calibration summary................................................................2-10

DC current calibration summary .......................................................2-11

Connections for AC volts calibration.................................................2-12

AC current calibration summary........................................................2-13

DC voltage calibration programming steps.......................................2-16

Resistance calibration programming steps ........................................2-16

DC current calibration programming steps........................................2-17

AC voltage calibration programming steps.......................................2-18

AC current calibration programming steps........................................2-19

Recommended equipment for manufacturing calibration .................2-20

AC only calibration.........................................................................2-6

3

Calibration Command Reference

Calibration command summary...........................................................3-4

DC calibration commands .................................................................3-10

AC calibration commands .................................................................3-16

B

Error Messages

Error summary....................................................................................B-2

1

Performance

V erification

1-2 Performance Verification

Introduction

Use the procedures in this section to verify that the Model 2000 Multimeter accuracy is within
the limits stated in the instrument’s one-year accuracy specifications. You can perform verifica­tion procedures:

W ARNING The information in this section is intended only for qualified service person-

• When you first receiv e the instrument to mak e sure that it w as not damaged during ship­ment, and that the unit meets factory specifications.

• When a question exists about the instrument’s accuracy.

• Following calibration.

nel. Do not attempt these procedures unless you are qualified to do so.

NOTE

If the instrument is still under warranty and its performance is outside specified lim­its, contact your Keithle y repr esentative or the factory to determine the corr ect course
of action.

This section includes the following information:

•

Verification test requirements: Explains the test requirements.

•

Performing the verification procedures: Provides general information about the test

procedures.

•

Verifying DC voltage: Provides the procedure to verify that the instrument meets its

DC voltage accuracy specifications.

•

V erifying AC voltage: Provides the procedure to verify AC v oltage measurement accu-

racy.

•

Verifying DC current: Outlines the procedure to test DC current measurement accura-

cy.

•

V erifying AC current: Provides the procedure to verify AC current measurement accu-

racy.

•

Verifying resistance: Provides the procedure to test resistance measurement accuracy.

V erification test requirements

Be sure that you perform the verification tests:

• Under the proper environmental conditions.

• After the specified warm-up period.

• Using the correct line voltage.

• Using the proper calibration equipment.

• Using the specified reading limits.

Environmental conditions

Performance Verification 1-3

Conduct your performance verification procedures in a test environment that has:

• An ambient temperature of 18-28°C (65-82°F).

• A relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted.

Line power

The Model 2000 Multimeter requires a line voltage of 100V/120V/220V/240V, ±10% and a

line frequency of 45Hz to 66Hz, or 360Hz to 440Hz.

W arm-up period

Allow the Model 2000 Multimeter to warm up for at least one hour before conducting the v er-

ification procedures.

If the instrument has been subjected to temperature extremes (those outside the ranges stated
above), allow additional time for the instrument’s internal temperature to stabilize. Typically,
allow one extra hour to stabilize a unit that is 10°C (18°F) outside the specified temperature
range.

Also, allow the test equipment to warm up for the minimum time specified by the manufac­turer.

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

1-4 Performance Verification

Recommended test equipment

Table 1-1 summarizes recommended verification equipment. Use the Fluke Model 5700A

Calibrator (or the equivalent) to verify Model 2000 Multimeter measurement accuracy.

You can use alternate equipment as long as that equipment has specifications at least as good
as those listed in T able 1-1. K eep in mind, howe ver , that the calibrator will add to the uncertainty
of each measurement. T able 1-1 lists the uncertainties of the recommended Fluk e 5700A at each
source value.

Table 1-1

Recommended verification equipment

Fluke 5700A Calibrator:

DC voltage

100mV: ±14ppm

1.0V: ±7ppm
10V: ±5ppm
100V: ±7ppm
1000V: ±9ppm

Fluke 5725A Amplifier:

AC Voltage, 50kHz: 700V, ±375ppm

*1kHz specifications shown. 5725A amplifier required to source 700V @ 50kHz.
90-day, 23°C ±5°C specifications shown.

NOTE: The Fluke 5725A amplifier is necessary only if you wish to verify the 750V AC range at 50kHz. Verifica­tion at 220V, 50kHz using only the 5700A calibrator is adequate for most applications.

AC voltage

(1kHz, 50kHz)*

100mV: ±200ppm

1.0V: ±82ppm
10V: ±82ppm
100V: ±90ppm
700V: ±85ppm

DC current

10mA: ±60ppm
100mA: ±70ppm
1A: ±110ppm

2.2A: ±94ppm

AC current

(1kHz)

1A: ±690ppm

2.2A: ±682ppm

Resistance

100
1k

: ±12ppm
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M

: ±17ppm

: ±11ppm

: ±13ppm

: ±18ppm

: ±37ppm

: ±120ppm

×

V erification limits

The verification limits stated in this section have been calculated using only the Model 2000
one-year accuracy specifications, and they do not include test equipment uncertainty. If a par­ticular measurement falls slightly outside the allowable range, recalculate new limits based on
both Model 2000 specifications and pertinent calibration equipment specifications.

Example reading limit calculation

The following is an example of how reading limits have been calculated:

Assume you are testing the 10V DC range using a 10V input value. Using the Model 2000
one-year accuracy specification for 10V DC of ± (30ppm of reading + 5ppm of range), the cal­culated limits are:

Performance Verification 1-5

Reading limits = 10V ± [(10V

Reading limits = 10V ± (.0003 + .00005)

Reading limits = 10V ± .00035V

Reading limits = 9.99965V to 10.00035V

Restoring factory defaults

Before performing the verification procedures, restore the instrument to its factory defaults
as follows:

1. Press SHIFT and then SETUP. The instrument will display the following prompt:

RESTORE: FACT

NOTE Pressing either range key toggles the RESTORE selection between USER and FACT.

2. Restore the factory default conditions by pressing ENTER.

3. Factory defaults will be set as follows:
Speed: medium

Filter: 10 readings

30ppm) + (10V × 5ppm)]

1-6 Performance Verification

Performing the verification test procedures

T est summary

Verification test procedures include:

• DC volts

• AC volts

• DC current

• AC current

• Resistance

If the Model 2000 is not within specifications and not under warranty , see the calibration pro-

cedures in Section 2.

T est considerations

When performing the verification procedures:

• Be sure to restore factory defaults as outlined above.

• Make sure that the equipment is properly warmed up and connected to the front panel
input jacks. Also mak e sure that the front panel input jacks are selected with the INPUTS
switch.

• Do not use autoranging for any v erification tests because autorange hysteresis may cause
the Model 2000 to be on an incorrect range. For each test signal, you must manually set
the correct range for the Model 2000 using the range keys.

• Make sure the calibrator is in operate before you verify each measurement.

• Always let the source signal settle before taking a reading.

• Do not connect test equipment to the Model 2000 through a scanner or other switching
equipment.

W ARNING The maximum common-mode voltage (voltage between INPUT LO and chas-

sis ground is 500 V peak. Exceeding this value may cause a breakdown in
insulation, creating a shock hazard. Some of the procedures in this section
may expose you to dangerous voltages. Use standard safety precautions
when such dangerous voltages are encountered to avoid personal injury
caused by electric shock.

V erifying DC voltage

Check DC voltage accuracy by applying accurate DC v oltages from the calibrator to the Mod­el 2000 INPUT jacks and verifying that the display reads within specified limits. Follow these
steps to verify the DC voltage:

1. Connect the Model 2000 HI and LO INPUT jacks to the DC v oltage calibrator as sho wn
in Figure 1-1.

NOTE Use shielded, low-thermal connections when testing the 100mV and 1V ranges to

avoid errors caused by noise or thermal ef fects. Connect the shield to the calibrator’ s
output LO terminal.

Performance Verification 1-7

Figure 1-1

Connections for
DC volts verifica­tion

5700A Calibrator (Output DC Voltage)

Model 2000

2000 MULTIMETER

Input HI

Output HI

!

R

Input
LO

Output
LO

Note : Use shielded, low-thermal cables
for 100mV and 1V ranges.

2. Select the DC volts function by pressing the DCV key, and set the Model 2000 to the
100mV range.

3. Set the calibrator output to 0.00000mV DC, and allow the reading to settle.

4. Enable the Model 2000 REL mode. Leave REL enabled for the remainder of the DC
volts verification tests.

5. Source positive and negative full-scale voltages for each of the ranges listed in Table 1-

2. For each voltage setting, be sure that the reading is within stated limits.

Table 1-2

DCV reading limits

DCV

Range

Applied DC

voltage*

Reading limit

(1 year, 18°C-28°C)

99.9915 to 100.0085mV

0.999963 to 1.000037V

9.99965 to 10.00035V

99.9949 to 100.0051V

999.939 to 1000.061V

1V

100.0000mV

1.000000V

10.00000V

100.0000V

1000.000V

100mV

10V

100V

1000V

* Source positive and negative values for each range.

1-8 Performance Verification

V erifying AC voltage

Check AC voltage accuracy by applying accurate AC voltages at specific frequencies from
the calibrator to the Model 2000 inputs and verifying that the display reads within specified lim­its.

CAUTION Do not exceed 1000 V peak between INPUT HI and INPUT LO, or 8

V•Hz input, because instrument damage may occur.

Follow these steps to verify AC voltage accuracy:

1. Connect the Model 2000 HI and LO INPUT jacks to the AC voltage calibrator as shown
in Figure 1-2.

7

×

10

Figure 1-2

Connections for
AC volts verifica­tion

5725 Amplifier (Connect to calibrator)

Note: Amplifier required only
for 700V, 50kHz output.

Model 2000

2000 MULTIMETER

Input HI

Output HI

!

R

Input
LO

Shielded cable

Output
LO

5700A Calibrator (Output AC Voltage)

2. Select the AC volts function by pressing the ACV key.

3. Set the Model 2000 for the 100mV range; make sure that REL is disabled.

4. Source 1kHz and 50kHz AC voltages for each of the ranges summarized in Table 1-3,
and make sure that the respective Model 2000 readings fall within stated limits.

Table 1-3

ACV reading limits

Performance Verification 1-9

ACV

Range

100mV

10V
100V
750V

*If the 5725A amplifier is not available, change the 700V @ 50kHz step to 219V @ 50kHz.
(Reading limits for 219V @ 50kHz = 218.362 to 219.638V.)

1V

Applied AC

voltage

100.0000mV

1.000000V

10.00000V

100.0000V

700.000V*

Reading limits (1 year, 18°C-28°C)

1kHz 50kHz

99.9100 to 100.0900mV

0.999100 to 1.000900V

9.99100 to 10.00900V

99.9100 to 100.0900V

699.355 to 700.645V

99.8300 to 100.1700mV

0.998300 to 1.001700V

9.98300 to 10.01700V

99.8300 to 100.1700V

698.785 to 701.215V

1-10 Performance Verification

V erifying DC current

Check DC current accuracy by applying accurate DC currents from the calibrator to the
AMPS input of the Model 2000 and verifying that the display reads within specified limits. Fol­low these steps to verify DC current accuracy:

1. Connect the Model 2000 AMPS and INPUT LO jacks to the calibrator as shown in Fig­ure 1-3.

2. Select the DC current measurement function by pressing the DCI key.

3. Set the Model 2000 for the 10mA range.

4. Source positive and negative full-scale currents for each of the ranges listed in Table 1­4, and verify that the readings for each range are within stated limits.

Figure 1-3

Connections for
DC current verifi­cation

Model 2000

2000 MULTIMETER

Input
LO

!

R

Output HI

Amps

Output
LO

Table 1-4

DCI limits

DCI

Range

10mA

100mA

* Source positive and negative currents with values shown.

1A
3A

Applied DC

current*

10.0000mA

100.0000mA

1.000000A

2.20000A

Reading limits

(1 year, 18°C-28°C)

9.99460 to 10.00540mA

99.9100 to 100.0900mA

0.999160 to 1.000840A

2.19732 to 2.20268A

5700A Calibrator (Output DC Current)

Note: Be sure calibrator is set for

normal current output.

V erifying AC current

Check A C current accurac y by applying accurate AC current at specific frequencies from the
calibrator to the Model 2000 input and verifying that the display reads within specified limits.
Follow these steps to verify the AC current:

1. Connect the Model 2000 AMPS and INPUT LO jacks to the calibrator as shown in Fig­ure 1-4.

Figure 1-4

Connections for
AC current verifi­cation

Model 2000

Performance Verification 1-11

Output HI

!

2000

MULTIMETER

R

Input
LO

Amps

Output
LO

5700A Calibrator (Output AC Current)

2. Select the AC current function by pressing the ACI key.

3. Set the Model 2000 for the 1A range.

4. Source 1A and 2.2A, 1kHz AC currents as summarized in T able 1-5, and verify that the
readings are within stated limits.

Table 1-5

ACI limits

ACI

Range

1A
3A

Applied AC

current

1.000000A

2.20000A

Reading limits

(1 year, 18°C-28°C)

1kHz

0.998600 to 1.001400A

2.19490 to 2.20510A

1-12 Performance Verification

V erifying resistance

Check resistance by connecting accurate resistance values from the calibrator to the Model

2000 and verifying that its resistance readings are within the specified limits.

Follow these steps to verify resistance accuracy:

1. Using shielded 4-wire connections, connect the Model 2000 INPUT and SENSE jacks
to the calibrator as shown in Figure 1-5.

2. Set the calibrator for 4-wire resistance with external sense on.

3. Select the Model 2000 4-wire resistance function by pressing the

4. Set the Model 2000 for the 100

5. Recalculate the limits in Table 1-6 based on actual calibrator resistance values.

6. Source the nominal full-scale resistance values for 100
Table 1-6, and verify that the readings are within stated limits.

4 key.

range, and make sure the FILTER is on.

-10M Ω ranges summarized in

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Ω

Figure 1-5

Connections for
resistance verifi­cation (100
10M

Ω

ranges)

Ω

-

5700A Calibrator

Sense LO

Model 2000

2000

Sense LO

Sense HI

MULTIMETER

!

R

Sense HI

Input
HI

Output
HI

InputLOOutput

LO

Note : Use shielded low-thermal cables to
minimize noise. Enable or disable
calibrator external sense as indicated
in procedure.

7. Connect the Model 2000 INPUT and SENSE jacks to the calibrator as shown in Figure
1-6.

8. Disable external sense on the calibrator.

9. Set the Model 2000 to the 100M

10. Source a nominal 100M
the 100M

range listed in Table 1-6.

resistance value, and verify the reading is within the limits for

range.

Table 1-6

Limits for resistance verification

Ω

1k Ω

Performance Verification 1-13

1M Ω

1k Ω

1M Ω

Figure 1-6

Connections for
resistance verifi­cation (100M

Ω

range)

Range

100 Ω

10k Ω

100k Ω

10M Ω

100M Ω

Nominal

applied

resistance

100 Ω

10k Ω

100k Ω

10M Ω

100M Ω

Model 2000

Sense LO

Sense HI

2000

MULTIMETER

Nominal reading limits

(1 year, 18°C-28°C)

99.9860 to 100.0140Ω

0.999890 to 1.000110kΩ

9.99890 to 10.00110kΩ

99.9890 to 100.0110kΩ

0.999890 to 1.000110MΩ

9.99590 to 10.00410MΩ

99.8470 to 100.1530MΩ

5700A Calibrator (Output 2-wire Resistance)

Input
HI

!

R

Output
HI

InputLOOutput

LO

Note : Use shielded cables to minimize noise.
Disable calibrator external sense mode.

Recalculated limits

Low limit High limit

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2

Calibration

2-2 Calibration

Introduction

Use the procedures in this section to calibrate the Model 2000. Calibration procedures in-

clude:

•

Comprehensive calibration: Calibrate DC and AC voltages, DC and AC currents, and

resistance values.

•

Manufacturing calibration: Usually only performed at the factory.

W ARNING This information in this section is intended only for qualified service person-

nel. Do not attempt these procedures unless you are qualified to do so.

All the procedures require accurate calibration equipment to supply precise DC and AC volt­ages, DC and A C currents, and resistance v alues. Comprehensiv e A C and DC calibration can be
performed any time by a technician either from the front panel, or by using the SCPI commands
sent either over the IEEE-488 bus or the RS-232 link.

NOTE Manufacturing calibration is required in the field only if the Model 2000 has been re-

paired.

This section includes the following information:

Environmental conditions: Explains the type of environment needed for calibration.

Calibration considerations: Summarizes test conditions to observe when performing cali-

bration.

Calibration code: Explains how to enter the calibration code to unlock Model 2000 calibra-

tion.

Comprehensive calibration: Summarizes the calibration cycle and also lists recommended

comprehensive calibration equipment.

Front panel calibration: Provides the calibration procedures using the front panel.

SCPI command calibration: Provides the detailed procedures for calibrating the Model

2000 using SCPI commands.

Manufacturing calibration: Explains the manufacturing calibration procedure using both

the front panel and SCPI commands.

Environmental conditions

Conduct the calibration procedures in a location that has:

• An ambient temperature of 23°C ±5°C

• A relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted

W arm-up period

Allow the Model 2000 Multimeter to warm up for at least one hour before performing cali-

bration.

If the instrument has been subjected to temperature extremes (those outside the ranges stated
in the above section) allow e xtra time for the instrument’ s internal temperature to stabilize. Typ­ically, allow one extra hour to stabilize a unit that is 10°C (18°F) outside the specified tempera­ture range.

Calibration 2-3

Also, allow the test equipment to warm up for the minimum time specified by the manufac­turer.

Line power

The Model 2000 Multimeter requires a line voltage of 100V/120V/220V/240V, ±10% and a
line frequency of 45Hz to 66Hz or 360Hz to 440Hz.

2-4 Calibration

Calibration considerations

When performing the calibration procedures:

• Make sure that the equipment is properly warmed up and connected to the appropriate
input jacks. Also make sure that the correct input jacks are selected with the INPUTS
switch.

• Make sure the calibrator is in operate before you complete each calibration step.

• Always let the source signal settle before calibrating each point.

• Do not connect test equipment to the Model 2000 through a scanner or other switching
equipment.

• If an error occurs during calibration, the Model 2000 will generate an appropriate error
message. See Section 3 and Appendix B for more information.

W ARNING The maximum common-mode voltage (voltage between INPUT LO and chas-

sis ground) is 500 V peak. Exceeding this value may cause a breakdown in
insulation, creating a shock hazard. Some of the procedures in this section
may expose you to dangerous voltages. Use standard safety precautions
when such dangerous voltages are encountered to avoid personal injury
caused by electric shock.

Calibration code

Comprehensive calibration code

Before performing comprehensive (user) calibration, you must first unlock calibration by en-

tering the appropriate calibration code.

Front panel calibration code

For front panel calibration, follow these steps:

1. Access the calibration menu by pressing SHIFT then CAL, and note that the instrument
displays the following:

CAL: DATES

2. Use the up or do wn range keys to scroll through the av ailable calibration parameters until
the unit displays RUN, then press ENTER.

3. The Model 2000 then prompts you to enter a code. (The f actory default code is 002000.)
Use the left and right arrow keys to move among the digits; use the up range key to in­crement numbers, and press the down range key to specify alphabetic letters. Confirm
the code by pressing ENTER.

4. The Model 2000 allo ws you to define a new calibration code. Use the up and do wn range
keys to toggle between yes and no. Choose N if you do not want to change the code.
Choose Y if you want to change the code. The unit then prompts you to enter a ne w code.
Enter the code, and press ENTER.

Calibration 2-5

Programming the calibration code

If you are performing calibration over the IEEE-488 bus or the RS-232 link, send this com-

mand to unlock the calibration lock:

:CAL:PROT:CODE <up to 8-character string>
The default code command is:
:CAL:PROT:CODE 'KI002000'

Manufacturing calibration lock

T o unlock manufacturing calibration, press and hold the front panel OPEN k ey while turning

on the power. See Manufacturing calibration at the end of this section for procedures.