Keithley 199man schematic
Model 199
System DMM Scanner
Instruction Manual
Contains Operating and Servicing Information
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants tbis product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of
shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries,
diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will
be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs
will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting froti~product modification without Keitbley’s express written consent, or misuse of
any product ox- part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from batteIy leakage, or
problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instmctions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIE S, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE
BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KZITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRBCT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND
SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT AR!? NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE
Model 199 System DMM Scanner
Instruction Manual
0 1988, Keith& Instruments, Inc
Test Instrumentation Group
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
July 1987, Fourth Printing
Document Number: 199-901-01 Rev. D
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The following safety precautions should be observed before operating the Model 199.
This instrument is intended for use by qualified ~personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar
with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read over the manual carefully before operating
this instrument.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present at the instrument’s input. The American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 3OV rms or
42.4V peak are present. A good safety practice is to expect that a hazardous voltage is present in any unknown
circuit before measuring.
Inspect the test leads for possible wear, cracks or breaks before each use. If any defects are found, replace
the test leads.
For optimum safety do not touch the test leads or the instrument while power is applied to the circuit under
test. Turn the power off and discharge all capacitors, before connecting or disconnecting the instrument.
Always disconnect all unused test leads from the instrument.
Do not touch any object which could provide a current path to the common side of the ,+cuit under test
or power line (earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standmg on a dry, insulated surface, capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
Exercise extreme safety when~ testing high energy power circuits (AC line or mains, etc). Refer to the High
Energy Circuit Safety Precautions found in paragraph 2.6 (Basic Measurements).
Do not exceed the instrument’s maximum allowable input as defined in the~specifications and operation
section.
cw%a wi) sdw 3a
;., ,,
MAXIMUM READING RATES (Readings/Second)’
STORAGE & SCANNING CAPABILITIES
SO&Reading Memory: Stores reading, range, and
scanner channel.
Trigger: One shot or continuous from front pane,,
IEEE.488 bus. and rear panel BNC.
Programmable Reading Interval: 15ms to 999.999s.
Programmable Trigger Delay: Ims to 999.9995.
WITH MODEL 1992 &CHANNEL SCANNER
Pmgmmmable Configuration: t or 4-pole.
Fmgrammable Channel Limit: 1 to 8.
Pmgnmmable Scanning Moder: Manual, step,
and scan.
Ratio: Channels 2 thmugh 8 referenced to Channel 1.
IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION
MULTILINE COMMANDS: DCL, LLO. SDC, GET, GTL,
UNT, UNL, SPE. SPD.
UNlLiNE COMMANDS: IFC, REN, EOI, SRQ. ATN.
INTERFACE FUNCIlONS: SHl, AHI, T6, TFQ, L4, LEO,
SRl, RLI. PPO, DCl, DTl, CD. El.
All front pane, functions and programs are available over
the IEEE-488 bus, in addition to Status, Swice Request, Output Format, EOI, Trigger, Terminator, Display Message, and
Non-Volatile TRANSLATOR.
IEEE-488 address is programmable from the front panel.
_ ,I
MODEL 1992 SCANNER OPTION
CONTACT CONFIGURATION: 8-channel 2-p&, or
4channel 4pole.
CONTACT POTENTIAL: <lpV per contact pair.
MAXIMUM SWITCHING RATE: 40 channels/second, in-
cluding Model 199 4’/r-digit DCV reading time.
CONNECTOR TWE: Quick disconnect screw ~y$inaIS, X’?~
AWG maximum wire size.
MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL: 200” peak, lM)mA, resistive
load.
CONTACT LIFE: 210’ operations (at maximum signal
level); >I@ operations (cold switching).
CONTACT RESISTANCE: <Xl.
ISOLATION BETWEEN ANY TWO TERMINAL5 >lO%
<75pF.
lSOLATION BETWEEN ANY TERMlNAL AND EARTH:
> 10% < 15OpF.
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE: 35oV peak between any ter-
mhaf and earth.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE
BETWEEN ANY TWO TERMINALS: 2OOV peak.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE BEI’WEEN ANYTERMINAL AND
MODEL 19; INPUT Lo: 2oOV peak.
DIMENSIOhi; WEIGHT: 25mm hieh x 13Omm wide x
170mm deep (% in. x 5 in. x 6% ic). Adds 0.3kg (8 0~)
to Model 199.
GENERAL
MAXIMUM READING: 302,999 cmmts in SK-digit mode.
CONNECTORS: Measurement: Switch selectable front or
rear, safety jacks. DigitaL TRIGGER input and METER
COMPLET!? output on rear panel, BNCr.
WARMUP: 2 hours to rated accuracy.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT ,04-18’C & 28’-50’0:
c t(O.1 x applicable accuracy sp&fication)l°C.
ISOLATION: Input LO to IEEE LO or power line ground:
5wV peak. 5 x IO’ V-Hz maximum. > lo90 paralleled by
4wpF.
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: O”-5O”C, 80% re,ativ&
humidity up to 35°C; linearly derate 3% RH/‘C, 35”.M”C
(0%40% RH up to 28OC on 300MI-i range).
STORAGE ENVIRONMENT: -2Y to +WC.
POWER: IOS-125V or ZlC-25OV, rear panel switch selected,
5oH.z or MIHz, ZOVA maximum. 9UllOV and 180-ZOV MF
sions available upon request.
DIMENSIONS, WSIGKT: 90mm high x 220mm wide x
33hm deep (3% in. x 81 in. x 12% in.). Net weight 3kg
(6 lbs., 8 oz.).
ACCESSORlES SUPPLIED: Model ,751 Safety Test Leads,
Instruction Manual.
ACCESSORlES AVAILABLE:
Model 1992: B-Channel Scanner
Model 1993:
Model 199&l: Single Fixed Rack Mounting Kit
Model 1998-2: Dual Fixed Rack Mounting Kit
Model 1651: SO>Ampere Shunt
Model 1681:
Model 1682A: RF Probe
Model 1685: Clamp-On Curem Probe
Model 1751:
Model 1754:
Mode, 5806:
Model 7W7-1: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable. Im
Model 7007-2: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 2m
Model 7008-3: IEEE-488 Cable, 0.9m (3 ft.)
Model 7008.6: IEEE-488 Cable, 1.8m (6 ft.)
Quick Disconnect Scanner Conn&tor Kit
Clip-On Test Lead Set
General Purwse Test Leads
Universal T&t Lead Kit
Kelvin Clip Leads
specifications +ect to change without “otke.
199 Front Panel Operation
TRIG SETUP
SHIFT/TRIG SETUP to enter nwnu.
NEXT to scroll to next menu option.
CONTINUOUS: Reading, scanning, and storing
rates contmlled by INTERVAL.
r
Trigger
DELAY
INTERVAL A/W
A:’
ONE SHcrT.
Osec to 999.999sec
SELECT OFF: Interval 2I75msec. depending on
other programmed parameters.
r
SELECT ON: User-pmgrammed interval (Ismsec to
L
999.9994.
DMM SETUP
SHIFUDMM SETUP to enter menu.
NEXT to scroll to next menu option,
REV
MUX
IEEE
FREQ
Displays current software revision level.
MUX OFF: Turns off autocal mufir% for faster
reading rates.
MUX ON: Recommended for best accuracy.
Use numeric keys to program IEEE-488 ptimary address (O-30).
FREQ=SOHZ. Line Frequency.
FREQ=60HZ. Line frequency.
STORE
- SHIFT/STORE to enter data store.
* SIZE = 1 to 500, or SIZE = 000 for wrap around.
* NEXT to exit size select.
- TRIGGER to initiate storage.
* Any function key to cancel storage.
- RCL flashes when data store is full.
RECALL
* SHIFURECALL to enter recall.
* NEXT to view data at displayed location.
* A or V to scroll through locations.
* RECALL again to select desired location.
- NEXT to display data.
- NEXT to exit recall mode.
ERROR MESSAGES
UNCAL
OVERFL
TRIGGER OVERRUN
INTERVAL OVERRUN
AC OI’KY
NO RANGE
CAL LOCKED
CONFIiCT
NO DATA
NO SCANNER
EEPROM failure on power up
OWTa”ge
Unit triggered while processing reading.
Interval too short for selected configuration.
dB selected with unit not in ACV or ACA.
Pressing range button in dB.
Calibration locked out when calibmtine
Unit in invalid state when calibrating &.,
autorange).
Entering recall with no data stored
Scanner not installed.
~,, ,,,, ,,
,,,
SAW
SAVE YES: Saves present configuration.
SAVE NO
LEDS ON: Test front panel LEDs and annunciators.
LEDS
LEDS OFF
DEBUG YES: Enter troubleshooting mode.
DEBUG
DEBUG NO
RESET YES: Returns unit to factory default
configuration.
NSET
RESET NO
ONE-SH(TT OPERATION
In the oneshot trigger mode, each reading consists of multiple conversions to fill the Running Average User Filter (30 canvenions), or the Running Average Internal Filter (5%d only, varies by ranges and function-see manual). For this reason, trigger-to-reading time could be several
seconds, depending on iiltering. When filters are off (‘TO” command wer
the bus can be SAvEd), readings are made up of only one conversion.
TYPICAL 5% DIGIT CONVERSION TIMES
MUX ON, DCV, ACV, AU: 1lOmsec (U3msec)
MUX OFF: Z&nsec (33msec)
MUX ON, OHMS, 3ookn range and lower: 1lOmsec (l33msec)
MUX OFF: 63msec (76msec)
(Times in parenthesis are for 50Hz operation)
TYPICAL AUTORANGING TIMES
DCV, DCA
ACV, ACA
OHMS (3OOkn range and
lower,
(Tffes shown are to coIIeCt range and do not include conversion times for
final reading.)
35amsec
1.4sec
500msec
Scanner Operation
2 POLE
POLE A/T
Mode A/V
RATIO
l Ratio operates only on a fixed range.
l Range changes will restart at channel 1.
l In MANUAL, at least one reading must be taken on channel 1 before at-
tempting to display ratio on channels Z-8.
ACTIVATING THE SCANNER
SCANNER followed by number (%3) activates the scanner.
- In MANUAL, channel number selects channel to be dosed.
l In STEP or SCAN, number selects channel limits and starts scanning
process.
STOPPING THE SCANNER (opening au aam&)
r
4 POLE
MANUAL: A!lows channel to be manuaJly closed
with SCANNER key.
;
STEP: lnaements one channel perintenral or trigger,
SCAN: Scans one set of channels per interval or trig-
ger (minimum time between channels).
L
ON: Channels 2 through 8 referenced to channel 1.
*L
OFF
L
SCANNER OPERATION NOTES
l When using the sc.mner with STEP or SCAN switching, the DMM wi!J
takereading~oneachcharmel ssifit were in&one-shot mode whether
pmgmmmed to CONTlNUOUS or ONE SHOT:
-Conversions are automatically synchronized to channel closures.
Channels will not close in the middle of conversions.
-Any programmed DELAY is inserted between channel closure and
start of conversion (with scanner disabled, DELAY is inserted between trigger and start of conversion).
-Readings on each channel consist of multiple conversions to fill the
Running Average User Filter (30 conversions), 01 Running Average
Internal Filter when active (51hd only, varies by range and function;
see manual).
* Scanner switching is break-before-make. The time required to change
channels is approximately 17rwc. which includes break-before-make
relay time settling time.
l When using the scanner with ACV or ACA, a DELAY time must be
programmed to accomcdate AC converter settling time (typically >lsec).
See Model 199 sp&fications.
*The scanner operates with the set of insirument parameters program-
med prior to stat of scanning. Chanpinp any of these parameters, range
function, filter, etc., during scanning will restart the scanner at than~11. Use autorange if range changes are required while scanning.
USING SCANNER WITH DATA STORE
l Select desired scanner parameters and interval.
l Activate scanning (SCANNER, channel limit).
- Program data store size.
. TRIGGER vd, start data store and automatically restart scanning at than-
nel 1 synchronized with data store location 1.
SCANNER followed by “0’:
DETERMINING SCANNING INTERVAL
- scanning without s&ding interval
--Program INTERVAL SELECT to OFF.
-Interval is sl75msec. depending on other selected parameters.
--INTERVAL OVERRUN message wi!J not be displayed.
l Mienurn Interval Tiie Calculation
-Interval time is the sum oE
1. (conversions per channel) x (conversion time)
2. Programmed DELAY time per channel
3. Break-before-make time (17msec)
4. Auto range time (if used)
--In !XEP mode, c&l&d time above is the INTERVAL setting.
-In SCAN mode, (sum of l-4) x (number channels scanned) is the
minimum interval setting.
EXAMPLE’ OF FAST SCANNING
1. Select 3V DC range and function, 4%-d@ resolution, FLTR off.
2. Program ONE SHOT trigger.
3. Select SCAN mode.
4. Select SCANNER ‘8” to set limit to 8.
5. Use TRIGGER to initiate a scan of the set of eight channels.
199 IEEE-488 Programming
DEVICE-DEPENDENT COMMANDS
EXECUTE
X
Execute other device-dependent commands
FUNCTION
Fo
R
F2 Ohms
53
E
F6
DC volts
AC volts
DC current
AC current
ACV dB
ACA dB
RANGE
DCV ACV DCA ACA Ohms dB dB
Ro
Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto
3OOmV 3WmV 3OmA 3OmA
s
R3
R4
z
R7
3V 3V 3A 3A
306’ 3OV 3A 3.4 3Okn Auto Auto
300V 300V 3A 3.4 3OOM Auto Auto
3oOV 30%’ 3A 3.4 3Mn Auto Auto
3mv 3wv 3A 3A 30MR Auto Auto
3OOV 3wV 3A
3A 3OOMO Auto Auto
ZERO
Zero disabled
Zero enabled
Zero enabled using a zero value (V)
FILTER
PO
Pl
P2
Internal and front panel filter disabled
Internal filter enabled
Front panel filter enabled
RATE
so
Sl
4%digit resolution, 2.59msec integration period
5%digit resolution, lie cycle integration
(16.67msec. 6OHz; 2Omsec, 50Hz)
TRIGGER MODE
m Continuous on Talk
n
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
READING
BO
z
One-shot on Talk
Continuous on GET
One-shot on GE?
co”tin”o”s on x
One-shot on X
Continuous on External Trigger
One-shot on External Trigger
MODE
Readings from AID converter
Individual readings from data store
All readings from data stwe (buffer dump)
DATA STORE SIZE
IO
h
Wrap around data store mode
Data store of n (n=I to 500)
INTERVAL
Q’J
Qn
Default interval, l75msec (SELECT OFF)
n=intwval in milliseconds (l5msec to
999999msec)
VALUE
v*nn.nnnn or Calibration value, zzo value
v*n.nnnnnrtE+n
A’3 ACA
300 d ‘Auto A&
3kl-i Auto Auto
CALIBRATION
co Calibrate first point using value (V)
2
Calibrate second point using r&e (V)
Cd&rate third point using value (V)
DEFAULT CONDITIONS
Lo Restore factory default conditions and save (Ll)
L* Saw present machine states as default conditions
DATA FORMAT
GO Reading with prefix.
Gl Reading without prefu.
G2 Reading and buffer location with prefix.
G3
G4
G5
G6
G7
SRQ
MO Disable
Ml Reading overflow
M2
M4 Data store half full
MB Reading done
Ml6 Ready
Reading and buffer I&ion without prefix.
Reading and channel with prefix.
Reading and channel without prefix.
Reading, buffer location, and channel with prefix
Reading, buffer location, and channel without
prefix
Data stcre full
M32 Fmx
EOI AND BUS HOLD-OFF
Ko
E
K3 Disable both EOI and bus hold-off on X
Enable EOI and bus hold-off on X
Disable SO,, enable bus hold-off on X
Enable EOI, disable bus hold-off on X
TERMINATOR
MI
ii
Y2
n
CR LF
LFCR
STATUS
UO
Ul
uz
u3
u4
u5
Send machine status word
Send error conditions
Send Translator word list
Send buffer size
Send current value of ‘?I’
Send input switch status (front/rear)
MULTIPLEX
A0
Al
AukKzd multiplez disabled
Auto/Cal multiplex enabled
DELAY
Wll
n=delay period in milliseconds, (Omsec to
999999msec)
SELFTEST
JO
Test, ROM, RAM, E?‘ROM
HIT BUTTON
HKl
Hit front pane, button number n
DISPLAY
Da Display up to 10 character message. a=character
D Cancel display made
SCANNER PROGRAMMING COMMANDS
STATUS WORD FORMATS
SCANNER SETUP
MANUAL
NO
Nl
NZ
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
N8
NY
!5lXP
NlO
Nil
NE2
Nl3
N14
Nl.5
N16
Nl7
NT3
N19
SCAN
N20
N21
N22
NW
N24
N25
N26
Au channels open
CHANgMAXERXOR
Stop scan, all channels open
Z-Pole Limit
CHAN 8 MAX ERROR
Stop scan, all channels open
Z-Pole Limit
POLE/RATIO
Z-pole
E
02
03
4-p&
Z-pole ratio
4-p& ratio
Z-pole
1
6
7
8
1
z
4
5
6
i
1
4-p&
:.
3
4
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN4MAXFRROR
CHAN4MAXERXOR
4Pole Limit
1
2
:
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN 4 MAX ERROR
CHAN 4 MAX ERROR
CHAN 4 MAX ERROR
CHAN 4 MAX ERROR
4Pole Limit
1
2
3
4
CHAN4MAXRRROR
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN4MAXERROR
CHAN4MAXERROR
UO Status Word Format
Ul Status Word Format
L
U2: Returns Translator word list.
U3: Returns data store size (SZE = CCQ.
U4: Returns present value programmed with V command in floating
p0illt.
u5: Returns INPLJT switch status (O=fmnt, l=rear).
SRQ MASK AND STATUS BYTE FORMAT
SCAN INTERVAL
QO
Qn
Default 175msec interval
(SELECI OFF)
n=tnterval in msec
(15.999999mxc)
TRIGGER DELAY*
wn
*Delay to be used as channel settling time.
n=delay in msec
(O-999999msec)
DATA FORMAT
TRANSLATOR
Translator Words and Characters
-miis.lator word
or character Description
ALIAS Defmes Translator words.
B
NEW Enabled Translator.
OLD
SAVE Saves Translator words as power-up default.
LIST Returns list of Translator words.
FORGET Purges Translator words from memory
Terminates definition string.
Wildcard definition character.
Disables Translator.
Table Of
SECTION l-General Information
Contents
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
INT?““-‘^“’
INTRODUCTION ~. _~. . ._.~__~__~
FE.4 FEATURES .~. _~... t . _ _.L _ ___ ~_-. ^ _ _ _
WARRANTY WARRANTY INFORMATION . . ., t..,,. . . I
MANUAL AI MANUAL ADDENDA _. . . _ __ _ .,_,_ ~.,I
SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TEE SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TERMS _ _. .~.
SPECIFICATIONS.. . . t. _ _~.~.-... . . . . . _. . . . . ._. . _. , l-1
INSPECTION ._._........_... ;.._....,.. _.._ . . . ._................... _ . . . . . . ~..;.;:~..:~z::::..
USING THE MODEL 199 MANUAL .~~.~~.~. - _.r.._ . . . . . . . . . ___. -~. . .._I. .: . . --. . -_ . .,. . i . . i
GETTING STARTED .‘:~.~. _:. <,-I.. _ a. _. i .~. . _~. _. _ .,._~_,__ j .,. . . . . i.. , i.. .,,_, I,_ .,_~i : l-2
ACCESSORIES . . . _ __._ _ ._
SECTION 2-Basic DMM Operation
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.22
2.2.3
2.3
23.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2.3.7
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
24.3
2.4.4
2.5
2.6~
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.43
2.6.4
2.6.5
2.6.6
2.6.7
2.68
2.6.9
2.6.10
2.6.11
2.7
2.7.1
2.7.2
INTRODUCTION
..........
POWER UF PROCEDURE
I.
.........
............
LinePower ..................... ._
PowerUpSequence .......... .~.,..~...~.,;
Default Conditions ..............
FRONT PANEL FAMILIARIZAXTON ................................................
Display and Indicators ..............
Power Switch ............. ..___ ......
Controls ................. ._.,_ .., .......
CAL LOCK Switch ...................
INPUTSwitch.. ......................
CutintInjxtFuse.. ...............................
Input Ten&naIs . . ..___.__..._.._ A_,i_i_i___ ___...._..._... ~.i ,..., a. . . .._.~..._._. j ._~__..___ a, __._.
REARPANELFAMILIARIZQION ._._.I ~__.~_____~ _.... ~_~ . . .._.... . ..ii ._._. _ .,..,, - .____.___ L ._.._. 2-5
Connectors and Terminals . ^ t . _ . .._ _ _ . I _ _ _ ,. _ _ i .~. .,i . ,. . : , i, .,I . _ _ . . ~.‘; _ _ _ _ _ ) j _ _ 2-6
Line Voltage Aspects . . __, a,\ ._... ,+ >.. _.... ___. . . . :. . .__. _. __ _. _____ ___. _. 2-6
IEEE-488 Connector _ __ _~. .~. _ r_. . I~. . _ _ s. _. ~ . _ _~_. _ _.i . . i _ .‘,.i ii,. ,_ . . . 2:. _,_,. . ~ .‘. _~i _.
Scanner Card Slot. _~_ t .._~1 _~_ _ I;.~_. . ,~ i __ ,,.i v,i,:v: _,_,. L <.i’: t _ _ _ iri r.t*‘. . . _“. .‘: _. 2-6
DISPLAY MESSAGES . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .:. . _ ,_,_ _ ..,_,_f _. . . . . I.,.. :a ,c_. _. .~. . . . .,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. . .
BASICMEAS-iJREMENTS .__...__._..._: _.__I _.._..____... :..I _..._..._^ ~__ __...___ __.____I . . . ..I____ 2-7
WarmUpperiod .._..__ __~ ___._, j ..,._ ~_.~.._,e,L _..._,.. *a.~ ._._. - ..__ ~‘,..~~-.~-~ . . ~..:~;;;..~...;~. _____
Zero . . . . .._ __...______ _.__i_._:iil.jv/i ,.__.: ____ _....___ ;.;.‘.:r;~..r.=...“~-.‘....:.~.i ._____ ~.:.:~;:~:;‘..‘2-7
FiIterandResolution .._.. __.r____-_ _______.. _ __._..._..._ _,..~ ._..._ __ _.... __~ ______._______.... 2-9~
DC Voltage Measurements _~. . . . ._ .__~_ _ ____ I_~ .“..__. ~ji~~ii._ j..L,l.~iii_.. ___ _. i.,L-.‘l. _. . :.. 2-10
Low-Level Measurement Considerations _ _ . _ . . . . .~. . . _ _ . .._ . I . _ . _ _,. _ 2-10
Resistance Measurements _ . . . . _ _ _ . _ . _. . _ _,_ _i .,. . . . . . _ _ _ _ _ . . _ .
TRMS AC Voltage Measurements . . _~. . . . _ . . . . _. . .,. _.A-_‘. _ . . .~_ _ _~. ~2-12
Current Measurements (DC OT TRMS AC) :. ., _. __ _ . _ . . _ . _ _- _ _ _.. _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . 2-I2
dBMeasurements .._._...____ I.~__._._ ____. _.“_+, ,.L...._____ c_.j __... in ..__ ;__l~ __.____~....__,____
TRMSConsiderations . .._......__._ t_ ~_..._..__,._..__...._. r.-...~..i ___...... ,I ______.__; ._._ ~
dB Applications . .~. . . _ _. . . .,__ __,_. . . . . _ _. _. _ _~_~_~. _-__ __ . _ ._ _ _ ___ _. . .~__,_ _~. . .~_ . ,. . 2-16
DMM SETUp PROGRAMS _ . ,_.~1 l~=I~~f~. _ _ _. . _.:.I. _. i. .~. .~>_ ____. _. . _: :~. . ;. _ . . _~. _ _; 2-16
SoftwareRevisionLeveI ._...._.___ __._~ _._,____ I,_ _......_._._.... i_i,.i ._...... 1 .__...____._ :..
Multiplexer, AutoZeroiCal ..______ ~..~._____~ __.._._.. _ __.._ L .__- L...~ _,.,_ ,., . . ..__ i ___. ~...~_.. ____.
,.,_” I . 1. AU._ a i”..?/V,“7,,_.i
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,_.=_ lsIx “,,_ irl_ .. . .. v.r j __._ ;_ ........................ .__. .. ., .. .:~.~ .. ____, 2-4
..... j_~i~~~w~~iJ.. .. .. Ibjl ; ..:;~;~. . ..~_ . .~-,; _I~ ..l’l.:~:~. . ‘.‘.‘.‘:: . ..::“. . :::: 2-5
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i_.~,__~_:~>. :~~ ..... .......... i~__~ .. .._ ......... 2-5
2-5
2-6
2-6
2-7
2-11
2-13
2-14
2-17
2-17
i
1.7.3
!.7.4
!.%5
!.7.6
!.7.7
L.7.8
2.8
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
2.8.5
2.9
2.9.1
2.9.2
2.10
2.10.1
2.102
2.10.3
2.11
2.11.1
2.11.2
2.113
2.11.4
2X.5
2.11.6
2.11.7
2X.8
2.11.9
2.11.10
2.11.11
2.xi2
2.ll.13~
2.11.14
2.11.15
2.X16
IEEE-488 Primary Address Programming. ............................................... . .... ._ . .. 2-17
LineFrequency.. ....... ~:.: . ..< .......... ,_, ......... . ............. ;- ... z= ......... ;..:.r-x.;; ...... ;;.,~2-18
save Setup ................ ._~_ .... ... ._~_, ........ _~. . _. . * .~._ “_.~ ..,..^ ..... i,_ > ., . ,.___ ... I,. . .i#i . -,. _‘,,.l i 2-18
LEDTest ............................... i__~__ .,-.I_ .. .._.~..z.< . ,r_., d ., ......... i~.J<.i __ . ..!. ..... ;...;L..,2-19
Debug.. ............................... .._..._~ ___.___.__, . .,._ ~..r..~...; ...... i ..... .;.....;..ii. .A___ .a-19
Reset.. ....................... I .... L ........... i.~. ... r- ___.; .... -~+ . ..< .........
FRONT PANELTRIGGERING ..‘.~:~..:......~.-.t..~..~.....~~~.~;,.,
Trigger Mode Selection .............. _,__,,L ,.,__ _,,_ ., .......... --. .............. ._. .................. _j~:__ 2-19
TriggeT Sources ....... : ........ .,_~. ..... .~:. .; ......... __~_, ..... _ ................ __ ........... 2-20
,Trigger Delay
Reading Interval ......... ., ...... _f __ .. _._, _ ..i. ..... _.,i _,,i .. _ . _, . .,, ... I, i ,-,I,, ;. ,_,_ ,, . w_ ; .. ,_ 7: .I. :‘.I ,I .. .‘. ... 2-20
Trigger Programming Examples ....... I. .................. .~j.r .. . .. &. ;_ : .., ii ... >~.,; . ~..i.;~~~-.~. .; ._,_, 11,2-21
EXTERNAL TRIGGERING. ..... ~__~.~.~t~__~_ .___ _~ .... ~.https://manualmachine.com/~ .... ....... ....... ;..i.:..‘..~_~.i.~i. ‘2-U
External Trigger. .................
Meter Complete .....................
D.QA STORE .................... __ .... _ ii_ ..,I i <,w,tis. i,.: ..... : _ ..... > i .+. i p.~i .......... .i :_ ... ,A. . .,., .. 2-22
StoringDataatProgrammedIntervals ......... ~.~..~rl._~ _ ......... ~~...i~.__~. ..... ,.t_.-i.,:i:,.,_,j....i .l 2-22
Triggeri?g One-s&t Readings into Data Store _~_~_, .t. _,_ . __ ‘,....,‘-...~ -. ....... Z-3
Recalling Data
SCz4NNE.R OPERATION (WITH OrrION 1942)’ :~;. : : .... 1
ScannerConnections...~ ............................. _~ .. .._...._. ~_~~ ........... _._ .............. b,d.,2-24
Scanner Display Format ....... ^~_ .......... ., .. _, ., . ; .,,_ ... j : .. :‘. I :,.‘~. .:.~‘.‘. :I .... _,_ .. :I’.‘,..:.:. .., .. _;;_ ..2- 30
Pole Mode Programming. ............ .,.,__ ~,IL.~.I-z,~~ ., .... ..~jli,Y~j,_lY,....~. ... i CL/, i :_ -~-,-.‘~:.‘.Y::~ .‘.‘:. :X 2-30
RatioMode.. ............. ................~ ....... _,I.II,_ ., . -I .,..., ;_.,._~ ........ . .................. :.;2-30
Reading Interval ..................................... .~L ........ ,_,,._ .............. .___I.: ..... ~_:____~._ 2-30
Scan Limit .................... I .. j ... ,_ i zii; ., . .pYYi..rpz,, ..... _ . 1 . ‘~ r~.:.:;:.r:: .:_‘: 1’. i :. . I I . L:‘:‘.‘.:L. ... ‘_ ?~ I ‘1: ,,2-31
Manual Channel Mode.. ........ .._. ~__~ ........................... i .... L:~ ...... :_~_,_~ .... ....... 2-31
Step Mode Operation .......... I ......... ...~.ii. ... .._. ....................... ;_ . _.- _: ..‘: ... i .. 2-32
Sane’ Mode Operation .......... ., ........ _,l.il_,_ _,-._ _ . I .... _i,.~-__, . _.-~.i_,L1._,j,i,_,__~.~_ .... i_ _,:> .‘.: .... 2: . 2-33
Using Data Store with the Scanner.. .......... ................. I~__L .... A~_ ...... ~..I..j..,I..i,...ij. ,2-34
A Practical Scanner Application: Amplifier Testing .......... __ .... .~- __ .......... __
Lw+level Measurement Considerations ............. _ ..... , ................. ,*,, ................... 2-37
Using the Scanner with Other Instrumentation ............. .,_. _ ................................ ., . 2-37
Scanner Delay.. ......................................................... ~__* ..................... 2-38
Using Filtering with the Scam-w
Minimum Scan Interval Ties. ...
...................
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SECTION 3-IEEE-488 Programming
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4 INTERFACEFUNCTIONCODES
3.5 PRIMARY ADDRESS SELECTION ....... _ ................... _.,_ . _ ... __ ... 1, _,_ .................. ., 3-6
3.6 CONTROLLERPROGRAh4MING.. .......
3.61
3.6.2 ... BASIC Interface Programming Statements ............................... __ .. _ .... .__ ......... _._ 31
3.7 FRONT PANEL ASPECTS OF IEEE-488 OPERATION. ..................................... -. ...... 3-7
3.7.1 FrontPanelEnorMessages ..........................................................
3.7.2 IEEE-488 REMOTE Indicator and LOCAL Key .................................................. 3-9
3.8 GENERAL BUS COMMAND PROGRAMMING
3.8.1 REN(RemoteEnabIe) ............... _, ..........................................................
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.4
3.8.5 DCL (Device Clear) ..................
ii
INTRODUCTION ............... .._ .......... L,l_ii_i ............ :_:__/ ..__...__._ ..... :i..:..:.e..;-.r. 3-l
A SHORTCUT TO IEEE-488 OPERATION. ........... _ .......... _,I.,_ .... ..e..u .. .,_ < ... ..A. .. _._ ..L.....~ ... >~.‘:z .... 3-l
BUSCO~NNECTIONS ............................... .............................. ___., ......... 3-4
.........
CotitroIIer Handler Software ........ ..,
IFC (InterfaceClear) .................. . ........... ____ _______,_,___
LLO (Local Lockout)
GTL(GoToLxaI) .......................... ._,,__, 1.~ _,___ ____: ...... pi ............... ;.:A.-.~. ..... 3-11
......................
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.............................
., . _
..............................
........
.......
-.
_,._,i, ..... . 3-10
.... - ...
3-7
~3-7
3-10
3~10
3-11
3-11
3.8.6
~~1
,,,,
3.8.7
3.88
3.9
3.9.1
3.92
3.9.3
3.9.4
3.9.5
3.%6
3.9.7
3.9.8
3.9.9
3.9.10
29.11
3.922
3.9.u
3.9.14
3.9.15
3.9.16
3.9.17
3.9.18
3.9.19
3.9.20
3.9.21
3.10
3.10.1
3.10.2
3.10.3
110.4
3.10.5
3.10.6
3.10.7
3.10.8
3.10.9
3.11
3.12
3x.1
3.12.2
3.12.3
3.12.4
3.12.5
3.12.6
SDC (Selective Device Clear)
GET (Group Execute Trigger)
...........
_ _
.......
.................................
...........
:
_,
..
...................
_,_
..
............
_
_.
SerialPoJIiig(SPE,SPD) ...................... .._. ______ I .._._.._ ... _ ._._.._ ...........
DEVICE-DEPENDE&T COMMAND PROGRAMMING
Exe&e(X) ........................... ::...: .... .................. ,_____
Fumtion (F). ..... ..~_.._
......
I..._
...
~___
.....................................
....................
._
_.
........................
Range(R). .................. ~..~_-.~...~_ .... _ ................................................
Zero(Z) .............................. ~_. ..............
Filter (I’).
Rate (S)
TriggerMode(T
Reading Mode (B)
Data Store Interval(Q) and Size (I)
Value (V) and Calibration (C)
DefaultC&ditions(L).
Data Format (G)
SRQ Mask (M) and Serial Poll Byte Format _
EOI and Bus Hold-off Modes (K)
Terminator (Y)
...................
.....................
.....
................................
._~__ .~_ ._~.~..~_...._. _.
..; ~,_,-
.............................
................................
.................................
...................................
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.
............
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...
_
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.....................................
^_
...
_ _
...........................
........................
_
........
____
-.
__._
...............
Status(U). ......................... ~_~___. ....................................................
Auto/Cal Multiplex (A)
Trigger Delay (W)
Self-Test(J)
Hit Button (H)
Display(D).
..................................
............................................
...................................................
..........................
..........................................
TRANSLATORSOFTWARE ......... ._______ _.~
Translatoe Format
Wild Card ($)
NEW and OLD
................
..................................
................................. _ ...... ..:.
CombiningTranslator Words
.........................................
_~.
........
...........
_:
................... _~.
.
.._
...
.........................
..................................
..__.
________.______._______,_ _,_______._____._______ 3-32
Combining Translator Words With Keithley IEEE-488 Comniarids
Executing Translator Words a& Keithley IEEE Commands
SAVE
LIST..
.......................
....................
_.
FORGET .................... ~;..~
BUS DATA TRANSMISSION TIMES ...
SCANNER PROGRAMMING
Scanner Setup (N)
Pole/Ratio Mode (0).
..........................................
.........................
: ................
Reading Interval and Delay Programming
Using Data Store with the Scanner
Testing Resistors
.............................
Amplifier Gain Testing ..... _~~; :,
....
..____
:..-:...,.e~, _._____ ___I_ .~~..-._--..-.-.-----
............ _._._~ ........ - .... .._
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3-20
3-21
~..~...:
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3-21
.......
3-22
3-24
..
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3-25
_ .3-25
_~_ . __._,_
....
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3-28
. ... _. 3-29
....
.........
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.... _ ..
_ ., 3-29
3-30
::...;~3-3 0
...........
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3-31
3-33
3-34
............ 3-34
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3-34~.
...
3-35
..
.....
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_ 3-35
__- ., _,_, _._m
.~_. :.
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.....
3-39
__~_ __ _ 3-39
...........
._
..........
3-40
3-41
:_ 3-44
3-12
3-12
3-13
3-16
3-16
3-16 ~‘~
3-17
3-17
3-J.8
3-19
3-19
......
...
SECTION 4-Performance Verification
4.1
4.2
INTRODUCTION ...............
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
4.3 INITIALCONDITIONS ....................... .1._
4.4
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.55
RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT ........ :
VERIFICATION PROCEDURES
DC Volts Verification
.............................................................
TRMS AC Volts Verifications ........... .‘.~_
Ohms Verification .............................. _~_~___
DC Current Verification, ............... _.
TRMS AC Current Verification
...............................................................
..... _ ..........
......
...................................................................
......................................................
.......................................
............................................
.....
__
.........
.........................
:
....
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....
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4-1
4-l
.....
4-l
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-2
4-3
4-4
_.,_. 4-5
u1
SECTION 5-Principles of Operation
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3-l
5.32 Multiplexer
5.3.3
513.4~~~
5.4
5.5
5.6 : DIGITALCIRCUITRY .__.____tt__ ::w..~.-. _____,_.: ___,_. _ ,_..______,_ ~ .~_.~______ L ._t____...; ____._,,. ;v_._ 5-10
5.6.1
5.6.2
5.7
5.8 SCANNER . . . . . . . . . .._.._.....~..... ~ ,_______. _...,. L . . .._.-__I_.._, _.I ._..._.... 2 .._...._..__..... 5-10
58.1
5.8.2
INTRODUCTION . . . .._......__._ >.,i_<~r...~ ___r..... 1,__ . . . . . . . . . . . . ..____._..~...... a,>_,,y __,. ;:i~;l,:~;~i~5.1
OVERALLFUNCTIONALDESCRII’TION ___......_....._... _ .I-., _,_.._.__.__ .__.._. _ .___.. I,_.~.._.,.
ANALOG CIRCUITRY.. . _. ..__I __-_ __~_~A __~_I_.. _. _ _ ..,. ii,_,. .~_ _ z _. . :.‘I-. _. _ .~.,. _. 5-l
InputSignalConditioning .._.. .._._. _~_I ,._._ 1 . . . . . . ~,I ..-.-. i_i~ . . . . . i _.._ ;.)I’..;~.:.’ _.._ i_i_.
-28V Reference Source . ~. . ~. : .~. : ;.::~. . . . . _ .,-._
InputBufferAmplifier . . . . . . !.~.I ..____..... _ ..,.......... 2 . . . . . . . . i . . . . . ..__....____ ~_i.,_,.. 5-8
A/D CONVERTER
~~~:CONTROLCIRCUITRY ~.~.~.,.<..;z .__....__. > ,...-,.... i.i..~...~._ . . . . . . . . . . :..:..i~ . .._.... ‘1.
Microcomputer . . . .._.._.._..____... ~_~i__,ij .,_. Ijj,__,,j’ . . . . . . . . . . l_-~._..;_;..: . . . . . . . . z..:;..;..;...
Display Circuitry . ; _ _ -1-i ,“.., I . . . .._. _ ___,_ _ , . . :-.: .;~.-- _. .~_~_ j~l~_l, ;. .~_ .‘+z.. .:: :. . . .,. &lO
POWERSUI’I’LIES _.,__..; .__.__ :..~:.. ._...___ __.. I).~ .._._._ -~.~.-..I...:..;..~ __._.I :._.i _,,.._.__ ~5-IC
c0ntr01cicnilTy . . . . . . . . . ..___. _... -.~..~~-;.~.~-~~,~...~ ,........ ~_.~.i ~....___.....____.. ..,_ _ . . . . . . . .
Switching Relays . . . . I. _ . _ a~.~. .z: __. i,. i.i. ._ _ . _.i .~:; . i: . . . . I._. _ ) ;~: .~xr:~. . _. . S-11
.._.....,_. __._,_,_. _~_.~._._~______~..,_ _~.......___....._.___. ..__ ____ ____ i...:.....1=~~5-8
/ . . . . iii _........__ r.‘.;. ______^___ ~_iii_~ ____
5.1
5-1
. ~5-6
~5.8
5-10
5-10
5-10
SECTION 6-Maintenance
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3 ..
6.4.4
6.4.5
6.4.6
6.41
6.4.8
6.4.9
6.4.10
6.& DCC
6.5.
6.6 SPECIAL HANDLING
6.7 TROUBLESHOOTING
67.1
6.7.2 ..
6.7.3
6.%4
6.7.5
6.76
6.7.7
6.8 ~SCANNERINSTALLATIONANDCHECKOUT.
6.8.1
6.8.2
6.8.3
INTRODUCTION
LINEVOLTAGESELECTION
FUSEREPLACEMENT
LineFuse ....................... . ..-L......i.~~..............~:~~~:
Current FU
CALIBRATION
Recommended Calibration Equipment
Environmental Conditions
Warm-UpPeriod.. ......................
CAL Lock Switch .............. ,.,_ _, _ L ., _
Front Panel Calibration ............ ...._:
IEEE-488 Bus Calibration
Calibration Sequence .....................
DCVoltsCalibration..
Resistance C&&ration ....................
TRMSACVoltsCalibration ...... ........
unrent Calibration ......... ~.,~“~.-~ ........
TRMS AC Current Calibration ...........
DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS..
Recommended Test Equipment ..................
I’owerUpSeIfTest ............. _.._. _._--,.L~.i.~~__~~i,.~
Diagnostics ............ .._.__ .....................
PowerStipplies.. ....................
Signal Conditioning Checks ............ _ _ ....... . .-
DigitalandDisplayCircuitryChecks..
Scanner Checks.. .............. .~...~__.__ _ _
Installation .......................... _ ............
Card Checkout .....................................................
Relay Shield Jumper ..................
................ .t......_
.............
.......... ~.,.-.; ._ 1.;
se ..................... L .......................
............. _^__ .. .~.I;~._.~
...
: . .~; :~.~:::~I.
...........................
........................
.............................
................
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...........
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....
~=.;. ..... _
..... ____., i _.___ __w,i_~/.
........
.___ ,i .......... .._.
_.
......................
._
..... . ..
.
...............
.....
._,__ _._i~_.i_.
_. ... ..___ _ i.__._-__.iz~
_..i.....l.i.....l.._i_ i .....
............
::.
..... I ..............................
,__L.__~. ..... ..~.....‘....‘~~~.i.‘.~.......‘.:.’.:’.~..l. 6-5
i:.
..
......................
+ ........... . ..................
............................
....
Il~_~_~.~i
.... ..^ ._ i ........ ;..e_
............................
_,_ ...... .__ ___ .
:.
..i
................
.....
_._& ..................
i;. .,_,_, -.----T.i~...-..L~~ ..- 6-1
..~~....~..~..11.... ........... 6-1
....... c. -.-:.‘:a; .... 1~: .... 6-2
........................ 6-2
; :. ; __:
.. _ _ -‘: ;.r: .z: : . : . ; ..... 6-3
.~.+ ;.. ....
..
......... .,_ ...... ..; .... 1’: 6-12
.... L ... ii :..::z:.:
.....
..... i ....
i_
. ..__ .. -..;..~.:.~..:. 6-l8
..... .._ ............ 6-18
;.: ._. ......
.......
.: ............. 6-3
.*.
, _._ .. _,_ .; L __ : .. ‘L #,,., jl, 6-5
., _:_ ...... _~; . ; 6-6
..... .:..~ ........... 6-12
__._ ......... ~.~..6-17.
.._._; _ ...... ~;.;....~6- 17
..L. _._
. ___._._.__._ 6-18
.___.__ ii._i,_i_i 6-18
.._. izi,.__ ...... .._
.;-
_._.
........
....... 6-l
.... ~61
_i ....... 6-2
......
:
............
L.. .. ~...6- I3
.............
_‘*._ _‘wr~_:_ ~6-17
...........
...........
i ......... 6-23
:~ 6-3
I 6-v
6-18
..
6-22
6-22
; .... 6-24
6-3
6-4
6-8
iv
SECTION 7-Replaceable Parts
7.1.
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
INTRODUCTION ..........................
PARTS LIST
ORDERING INFORMATION
FACTORY SERVICE
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS AND COMPONENT LOCATION ~DRKWINGS
APPENDIX A
ASCII CHARACTER CODES AND TEEE-188~ MULTILINE INTERFACE COMMAND MESSAGES _ . . A-l
APPENDIX B
CONTROLLER PROGRAMS _~. ~._ . . . . . _ . _ . t . . . . . _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _,. L . _,_ B-l
APPENDIX C
IEEE-488 BUS OVERVIEW :. : .:: :: ,. .: .‘. : :. r . . . . . . . _ . . _~. _ _ , . :
................... ~.~.~...:~..~:
..........................................................................
.................................
l,_ ....... ..1~.
..... ,,--..-.-. .:. ........ _.-._ .---- . .
_ .................................
....
., L.II II~,.~.
: .,
.
.......
.... : ..............
.,.~. ..... ,.“i _I: ,, .1
.........
..I,
.................
.._,“.
i _., _.ii i: i _~_;~ 7-1
... . “....~L
;. ...... 7-1
7-l
..
7-1
7-1
C-l
List Of Illustrations
SECTION 2-Basic DMM Operation
2-l
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-u
2-12
2-13
2-14
2-15
2-16
2-w
Model 199 Front Panel. ...........................................................................
Model 199 Rear Panel ........................................................
DCVoltageMeasurements
Two-Terminal Resistance Measurements.
Four-Terminal Resistance Measurements
TRh4S AC Voltage Measurement .........................................................
Current Measurements..
External Trigger Pulse Specifications
Meter Complete Pulse SpecifZations.
Scanner Connections
Output Cable Connections ........................................................
Voltage Test Connections ;
2-l’& Resistor Test Connections
4-P&? Resistor Test Connections.
Amplifier Gain Test Configuration.
Amplifier Frequency Response Test Configuration
Using Scanner Card with Nanovoltmeter
...................
.......................................................................
.............................................
.... (.
....................
............
.I.
............
.......
...............................................
_ .................
................................................
..........................................................
...................................................
:
................................
....................................
: .................
.Lz
.............
....................................
............................................................
:.
_
. ............... _ _,__ ~__ ...
...
__
:
................
.................................
,~ _ __
.........
_:: _~:L_
L
..
.................
.._ .._ 2-10
_
....... _ .
.
........
,
_
.............
..
__~_ .~._.~_._ _- _~__, 2-24
..~. .~.~_, ..... _ ....
..L. L.~.~
.....
_~_ __ ___
___ _____. _ 2-28
L .;
L_
...
__
__ __
........
.........
......
..
2-3
2-s
2-11
2-11
2-12
2.12
2-21
_,_ ,,., Z-22
2-26
2-27
..:-..2-2 9
2-35
2-36
2-39
SECTION 3-IEEE-488 Programming
3-l Typical Program Flow Chart _. .~.~. . .~_. .~. . .~. . _ _. _ _ ___ _ 3-2
3-2 IEEE-488 Connector _ :Y: .: .~. ._ . .~. . _ :
3-3 IEEE-488 Connections . . . . . . . . . _ . . . _. . .~. _. .~_.~_~_ __- _ _. _ . . _ _ 3-4
3-4
3-5 ContactAssignments _____._._r.~.__...~ _.._ _.__ _ I______ ~ _.__. _ . . . . . . ^ _.... I._ .___. _L _________..,___. 3-5
3-6 General Dat Format . . . _ . . . . . . . . t _ .._ 3-22
37 SRQ Mask and Serial Poll Byte Format .~. :_ . ~ _. _. . . 3-23
3-8 UO Machine Status Word and Default Values . ..__. . .,.... ~..~ .,.,.. . . . . . . . . . . __ ________ ~-~3-26
3-9 UlErrorStatusWord . . . . ..___......_._........... ^ . .._... ^_I..~ . . . . . . . _._____ ____..___.. ~,_-I_ 3-27
3-10 2-l’& Resistor Test Connections : . . .~. .~; : .~. . .~. .~. . : . ; .~. 1 _.~~.
3-n 4-P& Resistor test Connections .+; .;. _ ., . . . 3-43
3-12 Amplifier Gain Test Configurations I 1’:. _~_ 1 . .‘. _ _‘. ._~. .‘I 1. 1.‘. 1 _ I _ 1.. _‘_ . _ _,_, 1. _ _ _‘_ 346
IEEE-488 Connector Location. .~. . . .~.. _. . . ,. . .~. . . _. _. . _. . 3-5
3-4
3-42
SECTION 4-Performance Verification
4-l Connections for DC VoltsVerification . . . . . . . . . ..___ I __________.___._._ 1 _____ _ ..___-._ ~_~ ._.,_ ~...~4-2
4-2 Connections for TRMS AC Volts Verification.. :‘. :. , . _. . I~. . . . .~. . . __ _. 4-3
4-3 Connections for Ohms Verification (300%3Ok0 Range). . . . 4-4
44
4-5 Connections for DC Current Verification _ . _ . . _. . . , 4-5
4-6 Connections for TRMS AC Current Verification .~. . . 4-5
Connections for Ohms Verification (300kil-3OOM0 Ranges) . .~. .~. . 4-4
vii
SECTION t&-Principles of Operation
5-l &&all Block Diagram . _ _ _. ~.,,- _ _ .._ .~~II_ _ _. _:*,. I;-.,. _ . :. . . . *.. ., .,_ <:I, i i _ . . i:. . . . _ _ . _; :; 5-2
5-2 Input Configurati& During 2 and 4-terminal Resistance~Measurement, . _ _.. . . _ _ . _ _ _ _. I _ . . . _. S-4
5-3 ~: ResistanceMeasurementSimplIfiedCircuitry _....._, _ _.__....__..... Lji,.i__.j .___. ii:....i~rl.‘.l’,~;. 5-5
5-4 JFET MuliipIexer . . . . . . _ . . . _ _, _,_ _,_ __ ,_ _ . . . . .~.~. . _. _. _ _,_ <.<,,I * .~_ 2 . _ _ i,,. .’ .:;: i ii i ‘2% : :‘i:~. 5-6
5-5 MultiplexerPhases _........._,._ _ ,.__. ___~_~.~~,ll~.~.__~I.._..__ _._. j _...._ \~..> . . . . . . . ..____. . . . . . . . . ~.. 5-7
5-6 A/D Conveitei Simplified Schematic. _ . . . . _ _ _ . . . _ . . . _ . . . ,. _ _ ;. . . _~~. ,, I . , . _ _
5-9
SECTION 6-Maintenance
DCVoltsCalibrationConfiguration(3CQmV~nge) __..____..._ ‘I.... ,.=. . . ...1.-.* __,. L_i.l~i .___ -.~.;....6-6~
t-i
6-3 ~~ Four-wire Resistance Calibration Configuration (300%3OkQ Ranges) . . . _ .~. . _ _ .~. _ _ 6-7
6-4 Two-Wire Resistance Calibration Configuration (300kQ-300MQ Ranges). . . . . . _ . __ I _ . . _: 6-7
6-5 Flowchart of AC Volts Calibration Procedure . _ . . . , . _I_ _ . . _. _ . . ,. _..,..” _. . _ . . . . .
6-6
6-7
6-B
6-9 ~~ACCur?entCalibrationConfiguration .._... _ __.._ ________,..__ _.l~l_____i_~__.l_~._.;~.j~~_.j~.yl~..j_ ._... 6-13
6-10
6-n Connector Locations.. . . . . . ..~. ...__.i,. e,m..i ..,.._. ..~.__. . _.. . ._... . ..~ . . . . .~*..i.. . . . .~_.
6-12 Scanner Installation . . . . _ = _..I.DI, i._m.v~_,,L ,Y,18.=.. I L Z:. : ‘_‘. i~i _ ;‘:‘YYI: ,: ‘. ; :. . zi I; .‘:. I’:‘: .., :“.‘.r. 1”. :6-24
6-13 Scanner ConneCtor Location _ _ YL.. _ ij ._ . _ .~( _ _ _. _ _ _. . , _~.~*. =_ _.z~. _ __ ___&. ;~. . ._.. __ . :.
DC Volts Calibration Cbnfiguratioti (3V-300V Ranges) ,. ,. . . . . _ . _. . . ..._..,, _..__,_ _ . . __. _ _,. _ _ . i i _
TRMS AC Volts Call&ration Configuration . ~_ _ , _. _,_ _. _ _ ..,_,, I,. _ _ __,_ i .,,. _,,. : . .i . . .,.. .‘. Y. : I .’ 6-10
TRMS AC Volts High Frequency Calibration, &ljustments (30V and 3OOv, Ranges) . . . _. . . . 6-11
DCCurrentCalibrationConfiguration..’.. ..__ _..._.___...___.._ *.___ ___....___.._.._...._ -..--;_.:.
Model 199 Exploded View . . _ . . . . ~. . ._._ _ _ _ _ _._ , . _ _ . ._~_ _ . , I . . i. _ ;. . _ . . _ .
6-6
6-10
6-12
6-15
6-16
6-25
SECTION 7-Replaceable parts
APPENDIX C-IEEE-488 BUS OVERVIEW
C-l IEEEBusCoiifiguration .._..... :..L ._._I, .~*..,.~...: ___.__._ ~..; .__..__.__.________._ ~-~.-,.~~-~.,I~;~-I.C~l
c-2 IEEE Handshake Sequence __ ~ ~~. : ;. _ _ _ _ _ _,_,; -.LLu,.,. ,_ /,_~. .I_, + ,,_,. G . . _ _ . i i _,: .~...?. _ _,. _~: ‘-. _: I
c-3 Command Codes. L. L. _ . . _ _ _~i~. . i_ _ . i .~,,A .“L ‘P,:: :_ii___ , _~j _, .~. . ‘r . ;‘. :‘-:: :“. _ ;.‘;.. . .,. <_, ;.‘~A _ .
C-3
C-6
List Of Tables
.~~
SECTION 2-Basic DMM Operation
2-l
2-2
2-3
2-4 Corresponding Voltage Reference Levels for Impedance References.. . ,~. _~. _, . . _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _~. _ _ .~ 2-14
2-5
2-6
2-7
Factory Default Conditions. .~. 1 , _~. . _. _ __ . __:-_ _ _ _ _ _.,__ _._ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ ., _. 2-2
Error Messages _ : .z.. _ . _ _ _ , ..* _ . . .,. . _ _ _ . 2-6
Resistance Ranges .~_ _~. ~. , _~~,~_, .~. . .~_ . . . . ~ _. . _ . . . . . _ . . _ _ _ _ . 2-11
Comparison of Average and TRMS Meter Readings _ _. _, . .._....... . . _. __ __. 2-15
DMM Setup Programs _ _ _ . . . _ . _ _ _ . ,~. . .~, r ;. _. . _ .~. .~ _ .~_ 2-16
Typical Minimum Usable Scan Intervals .~_ .~.~. . . . . . , _ _ __ .._ . .._.,___ 2-38
SECTION 3-IEEE-488 Progamming
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
56
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-Y
3-w
3-14
3-15
3%
IEEE-488 Commknds USed to Select Function and Range. . . , _ . _.. . . _ . . . 3-3
JEEEContact Designations...: . . . . ~; . ~;~:~;::.~ . . . . . . . . :: .~..;..: . . . .._............ . . . ..I . . ~::~ . . . . .
Model 199 Interface Function Codes . . _~_ .~. . . ~. . . . _~_. _ __ _ . . . _ . 3-6
BASIC Statements Necessary to Send Bus Commands. _ . .~. . . . . . _ . _. . . _ . . . .~_. . . 3-7
Front Panel IEEE-488 Messages. . . _~.~~_ ~ ,.~. __, . _. _ __ _.. _ _ _ _ __ __ _ . 3-8
General Bus Commands and Associated BASIC Statements , .,. . . _., , __ _ _ _ _ _ _. _ _. . . . . . , _ . 3-10
FactoryDefaultConditions ____..._._.... .__._..._._ jj ____._......_.._...__ _~ t________....... ~..~ . . . . 3-11
Device-Dependent Command Summary .~_.. _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ .;,. _ _,. _ _ . _ . . _ . .~. 3-14
Range Comniand Summary . _~_ ,. . .,~_~_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _>_. 3-17
Rate Command Summary.. ..~. . _. _.._... .._. ..~ . . . .~.. . _. . . . . . . . 3-li3
SRQ Command Parameters . _~ _~_ .~_, . . . , . _ . . . . . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ 3-23
Bus Hold-off Times (Typical) . _ _~~_ ~_~L .~. _ , . _ _ _ _ _ _~_ _ _ I . _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ . _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Translator Reserved Words and Character . . . . 330
Translator Error Messages . . . _ _ , . _ . .~. .~. . . . . _ . _.. _, . . . . _ . I 3-32
TypicaITriggertoFirstByteOutliies __. . ...,,.. ~1.__...,..__.__ I____ I.... Y;;.:....,. _ ._.__...__ 336
Scanner Programming Commands. _ . _ . I _~ L _ _ _ _ _ . _ .._ _ _ . _ . . . _.. . _, . _ . . _ _
3-5
3-25
3-37
SECTION 4-Performance Verification
4-l
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
Recommended TZ+s Equipment .~, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ~ I in. I~ _ _~~_ _ ~. _ 4-1
Liits for DC Volts Verification.~. _. _. _ _ _ , _ _ _ _,. .,_% ,.,.” . _. _~_ iia.l . . . . . .,,. .,_. _i _ _~_,_,. __,_ 4-2
Limits for TRMS AC Volts Verification .~_ .~_ _. _ = _, . . . ,::. .lI.. ,~. . _ .,_. 4-3
LiitsforOHmsVerification _.___.._. _ . . . . . . . . _ ________....SC...~l~ _ ,,,._j___._._ Liil..___l‘L . . . . 44
Limits for DC Current Verificatidn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._. _..,... ~ . . . ,,.. . . . . .._. i_ . . . . . 4-4
Limits for AC Current VeriFication. .~. _~_ _ . . _ _ . . . _. _ . __ ~.~_. _. . _. 4-5
SECTION 5-Principles of Operation
5-l
Input Buffer Ampliiier (U46) Gain Configtiration . .‘. . _ . _ . . _ _ . . . . . . . 5-8
ix
SECTION 6-Maintenance
6-l
6-2
6-3 Current Fuse Replacement .........................................................
6-4
6-5
6-6 Resistance Calibration
6-7 TRMS AC Volts Calibration .....................................................................
6-8
6-9
6-10
6-11
6-12
6-13
6-14 Display Circuitry Checks .........................................................................
645
line Voltage Selection
Line Fuse Replacement ............................................................................
Recommended Calibration Equipment
DC Volts Calibration
DC Current Calibration ............................................................
TRMS AC Current Calibration ..................................................................
Recommended Troubleshooting Equipment
~ModelWTroubIeshootingMode
Power Supply Checks
Digital Circuitry .Checks .......................................................................
ScannerBoard Checks
.............. .
.........................
........................................................
...................
......................
...... _, ..........................................................
.......... :
........................................................
........................
_.~.~ ..... .
.......................................
_~~_~_
.................................
.I .........................................
...
..~................~....................~
APPENDIX C-IEEE-488 BUS OVERVIEW
C-l
c-2
c-3
C-4
c-5
IEEE-488 Bus Command Summary _ _~. . . _1_ C-3
Hexadecimal and Decimal Command Codes _ _ . . . _ . . . . .._ . . ~. .~_
Typical Addressed Command Sequence : .~. : .~.~1. . .,. . .~; .~. _~. _~. ; C-7
Typical Device-Dependent Command Sequence I _~ .~. . . _, . C-7
IEEE Command Group.. . . .~ _~_ .~.~, _. . . . . . . L
,~. ......................
_. ....... _~ ...... ~,-^~.
I ...
,
.......
_
...
, ... , 6-6
. . 6-1.2
.. 6-19
1
.........
L.. I.. ...
I
....
L_.
....... .. ...
......... - .... ~.-~.~
.........
6-l
6-2
6-2
.~,_ 6-3~
1 ~6-8
6-9
6-13
6-18
6-21
6-21
6-22
6-22
C-7
C-7
i~fl10N I
General Information
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Keithley Model 199 System DhJM Scanner is a five
function autoranging digital multimeter. At 5% digit resolu-
tion, the LED display can display &02,999 counts. The
range of this analog-to-digital (A/D) converter is greater
than the normal *199,999-count A/D converter
used in many 5% digit DMMs. The built-in IEEE-488 titerface makes the instrument fully programmable over the
LEEE-488 bus. The Model 199 can make the foBowing basic
measurements:
1. DC voltage measurements from l&V to 3OOV.
2. Resistance measurements from II& to 3OOMR.
3. TRMS AC voltage measurements from 1pV to 309V.
4. DC current measurements from lOOnA to 3A.
5. I’RMS AC current measurements from lOOnA to 3A.
In addition to the above mentioned measurement
capabilities, the Model 199 can make ACT dB voltage and
current measurements.
1.2 FEATURES
l Optional Field-Installable Internal Scanner-Allows the
unit to switch up to 8, 2-pole channels, or 4, 4pole
channels.
1.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION
Warranty information may be found on the inside front
cover of this manual. Should it become necessary to exercise the warranty, contact your KeithIey representative or
the factory to determine the proper course of action.
Keithley Instruments maintains service facilities in the
United States, United Kingdom and throughout Europe.
Information concerning the application, operation or service of your instrument may be directed to the applications
engineer at any of these locations. Check the inside front
cover for addresses.
1.4 MANUAL ADDENDA
Information concerning improvements or changes to the
instrument which occur after the printing of this manual
will be found on an addendum sheet included with the
manual. Be sure to review these changes before attempting to operate or service the instrument.
Some important Model 199 features include:
l 10 Character Alphanumeric Display-Easy to read 14
segment LEDs used for readings and front panel
messages.
l Zero-Used to cancel offsets or establish baselines.
l Data Store-Can store up to 500 readings and is access-
ible over the bus or from the front panel.
l Digital Calibration-The instrument may be digitally
calibrated from either the front panel or over the bus.
l User Programmable Default Conditions-Any instru-
ment measurement configuration can be established as
the power-up default conditions.
l Translator Software-User defined words (stored innon-
volatile memory) can be used to replace standard command strings over the IEEE-493 bus.
1.5 SAFETY SYMBOLS AN6 TERMS
The following safety symbols and terms are used in this
manual or found on the Model 199.
The A
should refer to the operating instructions in this manual.
The&
potential may be present on the terminal(s). Standard safe-
ty practices should be observed when such dangerous
levels are encountered.
The WARNING used in this manual explains dangers that
could result in personal injury or death.
The CAUTION used in this manual explains hazards that
could damage the instrument.
symbol on the instrument denotes that the user
on the mstrument denotes that a hazardous
l-1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.6 SPECIFICATIONS
Detailed Model 159 specifications may be found preceding
the Table of Contents of this manual.
1.7 INSPECTION
The Model 199 System DMM was carefully inspected, “th
electricalIy and mechanically before shipment. After Unpacking all items from the shipping carton, check for any
obvious signs of physical damage that may have occurred
during transit. Report any damage to the shipping
agent. Retain and use the original packing materials in case
reshipment is necessary, The following items are shipped
with every Model 159 order:
Model 199 System DMM
Model 199 Instruction Manual
Safety shrouded test leads (Model 1751).
Additional accessories as ordered.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the
manual package (Keithley Part Number 199-901-00). The
manuai package includes an instruction manual and any~
applicable addenda.
* Section 6 contains information for servicing the instru-
ment. ‘Ihis section includes information on fuse replacement, line voltage selection, calibration and troubleshooting.
l Section 7 contains replaceable pats information.
1.9 GETTING STARTED
The Model 199 System DMM is a highly sophisticated in-
strument with many capabilities. To get the instrument up
and running quickly use the following procedure. For complete information on operating the Model 199 consult the
appropriate section of this manual.
Power up
1. Plug the line cord into the rear panel power jack and
plug the other end of the cord into an appropriate,
grounded power source. See paragraph 22.1 for more
complete information.
2. Press in the POWER switch to apply power to the instrument. The instrument will power up in the 3WV DC
range.
Making Measurements
1.8 USING THE MODEL 199 MANUAL
This manual contains information necessary for operating
and servicing the Model 199 System DMM. The informa-
tion iS divided into the following sections:
l Section 1 contains general information about the Model
199 including that necessary to inspect the instrument
and get it operating as quickly as possible.
l Section 2 contains detailed operating information on
using the front panel controls and programs, making
connections, and basic measuring techniques for each
of the available measuring functions.
l Section 3 contains the information necessary to connect
the Model 199 to the IEEE488 bus and program operating
modes and functions from a controller.
l Section 4 contains performance verification procedures
for the instrument. Thii information will be helpful if
you wish to verify that the instrument is operating in
compliance with its stated specifications.
l Section 5 contains a description of operating theory.
Analog, digital, powei supply, and IEEE-488 interface
operation is included.
1. Connect the supplied safety shrouded test leads to the
front panel VOLTS HI and Lo input terminals. Make
sure the INPUT switch on th-e front panel is in the front
position.
2. To make a voltage measurement, simply connect the in-
~.~rrufleads to a DC voltage source (up to 30OV) and take
ihe reading from the display.
3. To change to a different measuring function, simply
press the desired function button. For example, to
measure resistance, press the OHMS button.
Using DMM Setup
Press SHIFT DMM SETUF, then use NEXT to scroll
through selections. The following can be selected or
viewed:
l Software revision
l MUX on/off
l IEEE-1188 address
l Line frequency
l save setup
l LED test
l Diagnostics
l unit reset
l-2
GENERAL INFORMATION
For all selections except software revision and IEEE488 address, use uprangeidownrange to toggle the selection.
Pa’a~;p~~p,provides the detailed information for using
1.10 ACCESSORIES
The~following accessories are available to enhance Mode1
199 capabilities.
Model 1651 SO-Ampere Current Shunt--The Model 1651 is
an external O.oOlQ *l% 4-terminal shunt, which permits
current measurements from 0 to 5OA AC or DC.
Model 1681 Clip-On Test Lead Set-The Model 1681 contains two leads, 1.2m (4 ft.) long terminated with banana
plugs and spring action clip probes.
Model l682A RF Probe-The Model 1682A permits voltage
measurements from 1oOktrz to 25OMH.z. AC to DC t&&r
accuracy is *ldB from 1OOkHz to 25OMHz at IV, peak
responding, calibrated in RMS of a sine wave.
Model 1685 Clamp-On AC Probe-The Model 1685
measures AC current by clamping on to a single conductor. Interruption of the circuit is unnecessary. The Model
1685 detects currents by sensing the changing magnetic
field produced by the current flow.
phone tips (0.06 DIA.), two hooks and miniature alligator
clips (with boots).
Model 1992 4/8 Channel Scanner-The Model 1992 Scan-
ner option allows scanning of four, 4-pole channels, or
eight, 2-pole channels. The Model 1992 installs within the
Model 199 with connections available on the rear panel of
the instrument.
Model 1993 Quick Disconnect Scanner Connector Kit-
The Model 1993 includes two connector blocks, 10 tie
wraps, and two sets of red and black output cables for~the
Model 1992 Scanner Card.
Model 1998 Rack Mounting Kit-The Model 1998-l Single
Fixed Rack Mounting Kit mounts a single Model 199 in a
~~
gandard 19 inch rack. The Model 1998-2 Dual Fied Rack
Mounting Kit mounts two Model 199s side by side in a
standard 19 inch rack.
Model 5806 Kelvin Clip Lead Set-The Model 5806 includes
two Kelvin clip test lead assemblies with banana plug termination (one red, one black). A set of eight replacement
rubber bands for the Model 5806 is also available (Keithley
PIN GA-22).
Model 7007 IEEE-488 Shielded Cables-l-he Model 7007
connects the Model 199 to the IEEE-488 bus using shield-
ed cables to reduce electromagnetic interference @MI). The
Model 7007-1 is one meter in length and has a EMI shielded IEEE-488 connector at each end. The Model 7007-2 is
identical to the Model 7007-1, but is two meters in length.
Model 1751 Safety Test Leads-Finger guards and
shrouded banana plugs help minimize the chance of
making contact with live circuitry.
Model I754 Universal Test Lead Kit-The Model I754 is a
12 piece test lead kit, with interchangeable plug-in accessories. Induded in the kit is one~set Of test leads (l-red,
l-black), two spade lugs, hvo standard banana plugs, two
Model 7008 IEEE488 Cables--The Model 7008 connectsthe
Model 199 to the IEEE-488 bus. The Model 7008-3 is 0.9m
(3 ft.) in length and has a standard IEEE-488 connector at
each end. The Model 7008-6 cable is identical to the Model
7008-3, but is 1.8m (6 ft.) in length.
l-3/1-4
SECTION 2
Basic DMM Operation
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Operation of the Model I.99 can be divided into two general
categories: front panel operation and IEEE-188 bus op~ation. This section contains information necessa?y to use
the instrument from the front panel. These functions can
also be programmed over the IEEE-488 bus, as described
in Section 3.
2.2 POWER UP PROCEDURE
2.2.1 Line Power
Use the following procedure to connect the Model 199 to
line power and power up the instrument.
1. Check that the instrument is set to correspond to the
available lie power. When the instrument leaves the
factory, the externally selected line voltage is marked on
the rear panel. Ranges are 105WZ5V or 21OV-25OV
50/6OHz AC (9GllOV, 180~220V with optional transformer). If the line voltage setting of the instrutitint
needs to be changed, set switch as required. If the line
frequency setting of the instrument needs to be checked
and/or changed, utilize front panel DMM SETUP (see
paragraph 2.7) after the instrument completes the power
up sequence (the line frequency is displayed upon
power up).
2. Ctmnect the female end of the power cord to the AC
receptacle on the rear panel of the instrument. Connect
the other end of the cord to a grounded AC outlet.
WARNING
The Model 199 is equipped with a 3-wire power
cord that contains a separate ground wire and
is designed to be used with grounded outlets.
When properconnectiins are made, instrument
chassis is connected to power line ground.
Failure to use a grounded outlet may result in
personal injury or death because of electric
shock.
CAUTION
Be sure that the power line voltage agrees with
the indicated range on the rear panel of the instrument. Failure to observe this precaution
may result in instrument damage.
2.2.2 Power Up Sequence
The instrument can be turned on by pressing in the front
panel POWER switch. The switch will be at the i&w most
position when the instrument is turned on. Upon power
up, the instrument wiIl do a number of tests on itself. Tests
are performed on memory (ROM, RAM and E’PROM). If
RAM or ROM fails, the inshument will lock up. If E*PROM
FAILS,the message “UNCAL” will be displayed. See paragraph 6.7.2 for a complete description of the power up self
test and recommendations to resolve failures.~
Immediately upon power up- the unit will display the programmed line frequency. For example:
FREQ = 60HZ
2.2.3 Default Conditions
Default conditions can be defined as setup conditions that
the instrument will return to when a particular feature or
command is asserted. The Model 199 will return to either
factory default conditions or user saved default conditions.
Factory Default Conditions
At the factory, the Model 199 is set up so that the instrument is configured to certain setup conditions on the initial
power up. These factory default conditions are listed in
Tables 2-l and 3-7 (located in Section 3). If alternate setup
conditions are saved (see User Saved Default Conditions),
the instrument can be returned to the factory default conditions by using Reset, available under DMM SETUP See
paragraph 2.7.
2-l
BASIC DMM OPERATION
Table Z-l. Factory Default Conditions
ContmllFeature
Function*
Range*
Resolution*
zero’
dB*
Filter*
Multiplexer*
IEEE-488 Primary Address*
Line Frequency*
Trigger Delay=
Reading Interval*
Trigger Mode*
Data Store
Polest
Ratiot
Scan Modet
5% Digits
Off
off _ ~~=
Offs
On
26
6OHZ
OIlVET Omsec
l75msec (select OffJ l75msec (select OffJ
continuous continuous
Off Off
2
Off
Ma*d I
%ese modes can be altered by using save setup,
tWith optional 1992 scanner.
User Saved Default Conditions
measurement cotiguration that it was set up for (such as
range, zero value, etc). Switchiig back and forth between
functions will not affect the unique configuration of each
function. However, the instrument will “forget” the configurations on power-down unless they are saved (only one
instnnnent configuration can be saved).
Unique setup conditions can be saved by using SAVE
under Dh4M SETUl? or by sending device-dependent command Ll over the IEEE-488 bus. These user saved default
conditions will prevail over the factory default conditions
on power-up, or when a DCL or SDC~is asserted over the
bus.
I
IEEE Address and Line Frequency
Any IEEE address and line frequency setting can be saved
as default conditions by using the SAVE option under
DMM SETUP or by sending Ll over the bus. See paragraph 2.7 for complete tionnation on using DMM SETUP
NOTE
An “UNCAL” error will set the IEEE address to
26 and the line frequency to 60H.z.
Each function of the Model 199 “remembers” the last
BASIC DHM OPERATION
Figure 2-1. Model 199 Front Panel
2.3 FRONT PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
The front panel of the Model 199 is shown in Figure 2-l.
The following paragraphs describe the vaious components
of the front panel in detail.
2.3.1 Display and Indicators
Display-The l&character alphanumeric LED display is
used to display numeric data, range and functions
mnemonics (for ample, mV), as well as messages. When
the optional Model 1992 Scanner is being used, the channel number is displayed in the right most digit.
Function Indicators-The indicator or indicators that are
on identify the measurement function presently selected.
Range Indicator-The AUTO indicator will be on when
autoranging is selected. Manual ranging is in effect when
AUTO is off.
Zero Indicator-ZERO will be on when the zero mode is
enabled. Zero is used to subtracf a baseline value from the
measured signal. ZERO will flash when zero has been
enabled, but a reading that has yet to be triggered.
Filter Indicator-FIXR indicates when the running average
filter is enabled. A flashing FLTR indicates the filter has
not yet settled and shows the update rate.
Remote Indicator-REM shows when the Model 199 is in
the IEEE-488 remote state. See Section 3 for move detailed
IEEE-488 information.
Data Store Indicators-ST0 shows when the instrument
is storing data in the data store buffer. RCL Indicates that
data store information is being displayed (RCL flashes
when data-store is full).
Display Update Indication-The decimal point flashes to
indicate the display update rate.
2-3
BASIC DMY OPERATION
2.3.2 Power Switch
POWER controls AC line power to then instrument.
Depressing and releasing the switch once turns the power
on; depressing and releasing the switch a sec?nd, time
turns the power off. The on and off positions are marked
on the front panel immediately above the POWER switch.
2.3.3 Controls
The &in controls discussed below are all momentarycontact switches. These controls are numbered on Figure
2-1. Many of the controls have a secondary function that
is selected by pressing SHIFT before pressing the control
in question. SHIFTed controls are placed in parentheses
in the following diiussions.
VOLTSI(STORE)-VOLTS places the ii%.trument in
the volts function. See paragraphs 2.6.4 and 2.6.7
for DCV and ACV measurement informatitin.
(STORE) allows access to the data store buffer to
select buffer size and initate the storage of readings.
A third function of this key is to enter the number
0 for some numeric input operations.
OHMS/(RECALL)-OHMS selects the resistance
measurement function, as discussed in paragraph
2.6.6. (RECALL) allows you to display data store
buffer information on the front panel display. A
third function of this key is to enter the number 1
for numeric input operations.
AMFS/(FImR)-The AMPS buttons select current
measurement, as discussed in paragraph 2.6.8.
(FIIXER) toggles the filter between internal and user
falter (FLTR on ftir user). See paragraph 2.6.3 for
details on filter operation. The third function of this
key is to enter the number 2 when numeric input
is required.
AU(dB)-AC selects AC volts 01~ AC current
measurement, depending on whether VOLE oi
AMPS is in effect. (dB) toggles the dB function on
or off for AC voltage or current measurements. OdB
reference for these functions is 1V (volts) or lmA
(amps). Paragraph 2.6.9 gives more i&%iiiati~~ on
dB measurements. The third function of this key
is to enter the number 3 for numeric inputs.
ZERO/(RESOLN)-ZERO enables the zero mode,
which allows baseline values to be subtracted from
subsequent measurements, and can also be used
for zero correction (paragraph 2.62). (RESOLN)
toggles the display between 4% digit and 5% digit
resolution. The third function for this key is to enter
the number 4 when numeric input is required.
LOCAL-The LOCAL key takesthe instrument out
of remote when it is being used over the IEEE-488
bus. Note that all other control keys will be locked
out when the unit is in remote (LOCAL will also
be inoperative when LLO is ifi effect).
AUTOQDMM SETUP)-ALJTO places the instrument in autoranging, which is available for all
ranges and functions. While in autoranging, the
unit will go to the best range to measure the applied signal. Autoranging can be cancelled by pressing AUTO or one of the two manual ranging buttons (discussed below). (DMM SEl’Ul’) allows access to the following functions: software revision
level, multiplexer on/off, IEEE-488 primary address
programming, 50/60& line frequency~ selection,
save setup, LED test, debug, and instrument reset
(see paragraph 2.7). Entering the number 5 is the
third function of this key.
DownYang= (v)-decrements the range and also
cancels autorange if selected. The secondary function of this key is to enter the number 6.
Uprange (A)-increments the range and also
cancels autorange if selected. The secondary func-
tion of this key is to enter the number 7.
SCANNERI(SCAN SETUP)- SCANNER aJIows
you to select the scanner channel limit and scan-
ner channel number. (SCAN SETUP) allows you to
program 214 pole operation, ratio, and scanner trigger mode. See paragraph 2.11 for more scanner in-
formation. The third function of this key is to enter
the number 8 for numeric input operations.
xxIGGEW(wG SETLJP)-TRIGGER triggers in-
strument readings. (TRIG SETUP) allows you to
select the trigger mode, delay, and interval. The
default delay is Omsec, and the~default interval is
l75msec. See paragraphs 2.8 and 2.9 for more information on triggering. A third function of th& key
is to enter the number 9.
SHIFI/NEXT-SHIFT allows access to secondary
functions of many of the control keys (for example,
DMM SETUP). NMT scrolls through menu selec-
tions for those functions with menus.
2-4
BASIC DMM OPERATION
2.3.4 CAL LOCK Switch q
The CAL LOCK switch disables calibration from the front
paml OI over the IEEE488 bus. Before the unit can be
calibrated, this switch must be enabled. See paragraph 6.4
for more calibration information.
2.3.5 INPUT Switch@
The front panel JNPLTI switch selects between the front
and rear panel input terminals. Front panel terminals are
selected with the switch-aut, while rear-panel term&.&
are selected with the switch in. The switch positions are
marked immediately above the switch on the front panel.
2.3.6 Current Input Fusea
The current input fuse is a 3A normal blow fuse that~ pm=
Theclm . -. . .
t&s the AMPS input from excessive c&rent. See”
tects the AMY> Input rrom excess
paragraph 6.3 for fuse replace~“en+ “7‘
paragraph 6.3 for fuse replacement procedures.
2.3.7 input Terminals~
The input terminals are intended to be used with safety
shrouded te$ leads to help minimize the possibility of contact with live circuits. Note that all the terminals except
AMPS are duplicated on the rear panel. The front panel
INPUT switch determines which set of terminals is active.
VOLTS OHMS HI and LO-The VOJ2-S OHMS HI and LO
terminals are used for making DC volts, AC volts, and twowire resistance measurements.
AMPS-AMPS is used in conjunction with LO to make
DC current and AC current measWements.
OHMS SENSE HI and LO-These terminals are used with
VOLTS OHMS HI and LO to make four-wire resistance
measurements.
2.4 REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
The rear panel of the Model 199 is shown in Figure Z-2.
The various items located on the rear panel are discussed
in the following paragraphs.
Figure 2-2. Model 199 Rear Panel
6
r!l
2-5
BASIC DMM OPERATION
2.4.1 Connectors and Terminals
El
El
q ~~
Input terminals-The rear panel VOLTS OHMS and
OHMS SENSE terminals perform the same fufic-
tions as the equivalent front panel terminals.
Voltage and two-wire resistance measurements are
made using the VOm OHMS ~terminals, while
four-wire r&stance measurements are made using
both the OI-IMS SENSE eland VOLTS OHMS
termin&.
EXTERNAL TRIGGER INPUT--This BNC connector is used to apply negative-going. TlLconipatible
trigger pulses to take one or more readings dependig on the selected trigger mode. See paragraph
2.9 for additional information.
VOLTMETER COMPLETE OUTPUT-Thii BNC
output connector provides a lTLcompatible,
negative-going pulse when the Model 1% has completed a reading. It can be used to trigger other in-
struments, as discussed in paragraph 2.9.
2.4.2 Line Voltage Aspects
El
El LINE FUSE-The line fuse provides protection for
I3
Lme Voltage Selection Switch-This switch selects
the operating lie voltage of the instrument. Before
operation, be sure the switch is in the correct pOsi-
tion for the lie voltage in your area.
the AC pokier line input. Refer to paragraph 6.3 for
fuse replacement procedures.
LINE VOLZ4GE receptacle-Power is applied to the
instrument through the supplied power cord to the
three-terminal, grounded AC receptacle. Note that
the selected supply voltage is marked on the rear
panel below the receptacle.
2.4.3 IEEE-488 Connector El
The IEEE488 connector is used to interface the Model 199
to the IEEE-488 bus. IEEE-488 interfa& fU&io% ‘s
marked immediately above the connector. Refer to Section
3 for detailed IEEE-488 information.
2.4.4 Scanner Card Sloth
The optional Model 1992 Scanner Card installs in this slot.
Refer to paragraphs 2.11 and 3.12 for scanner operation and
programming information. Section 6 contains scanner installation procedures.
2.5 DISPLAY MESSAGES
Table 2-2 liits and explains the various display messages
associated with front panel operation of the Model 199.
Table 2-2. Error Messages
Message
UNCAL
NO FUNC
O.VERFL KQ
TRIGGER OVERRUN Trigger received while still
AC ONLY Selecting dB with instru-
NO RANGE Pressing a range button
CONFLICT Improper state when
INTERVAL OVERRUN Interval too short.
NO DATA
NO SCANNER
CAL LOCKED
CHAN 4 MAX
CHAN 8 MAX
Explanation
E’PROM failure on power
up. See paragraph 6.7.2.
No shifted function.
Overrange-Decimal pointy
position and mnemonics
define function and range
(3k0 range shown). The
number of characters in the
“OVEKW’ message defines
the display resolution (5%d
resolut~on~shown).
processing reading from last
trigger.
ment not in ACV or ACA.
while in ACV dB or ACA
dB.
calibrating (i.e., dB).
No data store data
Scanner not installed
Calibration locked out
Channel limit is 4 in 4-pole
mode*
Channel limit is 8 in Z-pole
mode*
2-6
*With optional scanner
BASIC DMM OPERATION
2.6 BASIC MEASUREMENTS
The following paragraphs describe the basic procedures
for making voltage, resistance, current, and dB measurements.
High Energy Circuit Salty Precauticms
To optimize safety when measuring voltage in high energy
distribution circuits, read and use the directions in the
following warning.
WARNING
Dangerous arcs of an explosive nature in a high
energy circuit can cause severe personal injury
or death. If the meter is connected to a high
energy circuit when set to a current range, low
resistance range or any other low impedance
range, the circuit is virtually shorted. Dangerous
arcing can also result when the meter is set to
a voltage range if the minimum voltage spacing is reduced.
When making measurements in high energy circuits use
test leads that-meet the following requirements:
l Test leads should be fully insulated.
l Only use test leads that can be connected to the circuit
(e.g. alligator clips, spade lugs, etc.) for hands-off
measurements.
l Do not use test leads that decrease voltage spacing. This
diminishes arc protection and creates a hazardous
condition.
CAUTION CAUTION
The maximum common-mode input voltage The maximum common-mode input voltage
(the voltage between input LO and chassis (the voltage between input LO and chassis
ground) is 500V peak. Exceeding this value may ground) is 500V peak. Exceeding this value may
damage the instrument. damage the instrument.
2.6.1 Warm Up Period
The Model 199 is usablq~jmmediately when it is f&t turned
on. Howeve!, the instrument must be aowed to warm up
for at least two hours to achieve rated accuracy.
2.6.2 Zero
The zero feature serves as a means of baseline %uppression by allowing a stored offset value to be subtracted from
subsequent readings. When the ZERO button is pressed,
the instrument takes the currently displayed reading as
a baseline value. All subsequent readings represent the difference between the applied signal level and the stored
baseline.
A baseline level can be established for any or all measurement functions and is remembered by each function. For
Ample, a 1OV baseline can be established on DCV, a 5V
baseline can be established on ACV and a 1OkQ baseline
can be established on OHMS at the same time. These levels
will not be cancelled by switching back and forth between
functions. Once a baseline is established for a measurement function, that stored level wiU be the same regardless
of what range the Model 199 is on. For example, if 1V is
established as the baseline on the 3V range, then the
baseline will also be 1V on the 30V through 3oOV ranges.
A zero baseline level can be as large as full range.
Use the following sequence when testing power circuits:
1.
De-energize the circuit using the regular installed
connect-disconnect device such as the circuit breaker,
main switch, etc.
2.
Attach the test leads to the circuit under test. Use appropriate safety rated leads for thii application.
3.
Set the DMh4 to the proper function and range.
4.
Energize the circuit using the installed connect-
disconnect device and make measurements without
disconnecting the DMM.
5.
De-energize the circuit using the installed connectdisconnect device.
6.
Dkonnect the test leads from the circuit under test.
NOTE
The following discussion on dynamic range is
based on a disolav resolution of 5% dieits. At 41/zd
”
resolution, th’e Lumber of counts would be reduced by a factor of 10.
By design, the dynamic measurement range of the Model
199, at 5%digit resolution, is 606,OKl counts. With zero
disabled, the displayed reading range of the instrument
is GO3,OCHl counts. With zero enabled, the Model 199 has
the capability to display ~606,OCKl c&n-&. This increased
display range ensures that~~the dynamic measurement
range of the instrument is not reduced when using a zero
2-7
baseline value. The following two examples will use the
maximum allowable zero values (303,000 counts and
-303,000 cotints) to show that djkamic measurement
range will not be reduced. It is important to note that the
inaased display range does not increase the maximum
allowable input level to the instrument. For example, on
the 3V range, the Model 199 will always over-range when
more than i3.03V is connected to the input.
Example l-The instrument is set to the y DC range+
a maximum -3.03OOOV is established as the zero value.
When -3.03OOCV is connected to the input of the Model
199, the display will read 0.0000W. When +3.03oooV is connected to the inpui, the display will read +6.06OOOV. Thus,
the dynamic measurement range ot the Model~le is OV
to 6.06V, which is 606,000 counts.
for when zeroing the 309Q range with the above procedure.
Baseline Levels--Baseline v&es can be established by ap
plying baseline levels to the instrument. To establish a
baseline level by applying a level to the Model 199, perform the following steps:
1. Disable zero, if presently enabled, by pressing the
ZERO button. The ZERO indicator will turn off.
2. Select a function and range that is appropriate for the
anticipated measurement.
3. Connect the desired baseline level to the input of the
Model 199 and note that level on the display.
4. Press the ZERO button. The display will zero and the
ZERO indicator will be enabled. The previously
displayed reading will be the stored baseline.
Example Z-The instrument is still set to the 3V DC range,
but a maximum +3.03OOOV is the zero level. When
+3.03OCKiV is connected to the input of the Model 199, the
display will read 0.01IO00V. When -3.03OGOV is connected
to the input, the display will read -6.06OOOV. Thus the
dynamic measurement range of the instrument is -6.06V
to OV, which is still 606,000 counts.
Zero Correction-The Model 199 must be properly zeroed
when using the 3COmV DC or~the 3003 range in order to
achieve rated accuracy specifications. This procedure
should be performed whenever the ambient temperature
changes. To use ZERO for zero correction, perform the
following steps:
1. Disable zero, if presently enabled, by pressing fie
ZERO button. The ZERO indicator will turn off.
2. Select the 3OOmV DC or the 30011 range.
3. Connect the test leads to the input of the Model 199
and short them together. If four-wire resistance
measurements are to be made, connect and short all
four leads together. Allow any thermals to stabilize.
Note: At 5Yxiigit resolution, low level measurement
techniques need to be employed. Use Kelvin test leads
or shielded test leads.~See paragraph 2.6.5 for low level
measurement considerations.
4. Press the ZERO button. The display will read zero.
5. Remove the short and connect the test leads to the signal or resistance to be measured.
Note: Test lead resistance (Z-wire) is also compensated
WARNING
With ZERO enabled, a hazardous voltage
baseline level (i4OV or more), not displayed,
may be present on the input terminals. If not
sun? what is applied to the input, assume that
a hazardous voltage is present.
5. Disconnect the stored signal from the input and connect the signal to be measured in its place. Subsequent
readings wiU be the difference between the stored value
and the applied signal.
Notes:
1. Disabling zero cancels the zero baseline value on that
selected fun@ion. Baselines established on other func-
tions are not affected.
2 To store a new baseline on a selected function, zero
must first be disabled and then enabled again. The new
value wiIl be stored with the first triggered conversion.
3. Setting the range lower than the suppressed value will
overrange the display; the instrument ti display the
overflow message under these conditions.
4. When the ZERO button is pressed to enable zero, the
ZERO indicator light will blink until an on scale reading
is available to use as a zero level. In the one-shot trigger mode, the unit must be triggered to store the zero
value.
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