Intel LGA1155, CORE PROCESSOR FAMILY DESKTOP User Manual

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2nd Generation Intel

Core™ Processor Family Desktop and LGA1155 Socket

Thermal Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines (TMSDG)

Supporting the Intel® Core™ i7, i5 and i3 Desktop Processor January 2011

Document Number #: 324644-002

INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications.

Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.

Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked “reserved” or “undefined.” Intel reserves these for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them.

The processor and Intel Series 6 Chipset and LGA1155 socket may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.

“Intel® Turbo Boost Technology requires a PC with a processor with Intel Turbo Boost Technology capability. Intel Turbo Boost Technology performance varies depending on hardware, software and overall system configuration. Check with your PC manufacturer on whether your system delivers Intel Turbo Boost Technology.For more information, see

http://www.intel.com/technology/turboboost.”

Enhanced Intel

Intel processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processor family, not across different processor families. See www.intel.com/products/processor_number for details.

SpeedStep® Technology See the Processor Spec Finder or contact your Intel representative for more information.

Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.

Intel, Intel Core, Pentium, and the Intel logo are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S and other countries.

* Other brands and names may be claimed as the property of others.

2 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Contents

1Introduction..............................................................................................................9

1.1 References ....................................................................................................... 10

1.2 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................ 10

2 Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications.......................................................... 13

2.1 Package Mechanical Specifications ....................................................................... 13

2.1.1 Package Mechanical Drawing.................................................................... 14

2.1.2 Processor Component Keep-Out Zones...................................................... 14

2.1.3 Package Loading Specifications ................................................................ 15

2.1.4 Package Handling Guidelines.................................................................... 15

2.1.5 Package Insertion Specifications............................................................... 15

2.1.6 Processor Mass Specification.................................................................... 15

2.1.7 Processor Materials................................................................................. 16

2.1.8 Processor Markings................................................................................. 16

2.1.9 Processor Land Coordinates ..................................................................... 17

2.2 Processor Storage Specifications ......................................................................... 18

3 LGA1155 Socket ...................................................................................................... 19

3.1 Board Layout .................................................................................................... 20

3.1.1 Suggested Silkscreen Marking for Socket Identification................................ 22

3.2 Attachment to Motherboard ................................................................................ 22

3.3 Socket Components........................................................................................... 23

3.3.1 Socket Body Housing .............................................................................. 23

3.3.2 Solder Balls ........................................................................................... 23

3.3.3 Contacts ............................................................................................... 23

3.3.4 Pick and Place Cover............................................................................... 23

3.4 Package Installation / Removal ........................................................................... 24

3.4.1 Socket Standoffs and Package Seating Plane.............................................. 25

3.5 Durability ......................................................................................................... 25

3.6 Markings .......................................................................................................... 25

3.7 Component Insertion Forces ............................................................................... 26

3.8 Socket Size ...................................................................................................... 26

4 Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)................................................................... 27

4.1 Design Concept................................................................................................. 27

4.1.1 ILM Assembly Design Overview ................................................................ 27

4.1.2 ILM Back Plate Design Overview............................................................... 28

4.1.3 Shoulder Screw and Fasteners Design Overview ......................................... 29

4.2 Assembly of ILM to a Motherboard....................................................................... 30

4.3 ILM Interchangeability ....................................................................................... 32

4.4 Markings .......................................................................................................... 32

4.5 ILM Cover ........................................................................................................ 33

5 LGA1155 Socket and ILM Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications .. 37

5.1 Component Mass............................................................................................... 37

5.2 Package/Socket Stackup Height .......................................................................... 37

5.3 Loading Specifications........................................................................................ 38

5.4 Electrical Requirements...................................................................................... 39

5.5 Environmental Requirements .............................................................................. 40

6 Thermal Specifications ............................................................................................ 41

6.1 Thermal Specifications ....................................................................................... 41

6.1.1 Intel

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series

(Quad Core 95W) Thermal Profile ............................................................. 43

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 3

6.1.2 Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

(Dual Core 65W) Thermal Profile..............................................................44

6.1.3 Intel

Thermal Profile.......................................................................................46

6.1.4 Intel

Core™ i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 45W)

Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series

Core™ i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series

(Dual Core 35W) Thermal Profile...............................................................47

6.1.5 Processor Specification for Operation Where Digital Thermal Sensor Exceeds T

CONTROL

...................................................................................48

6.1.6 Thermal Metrology..................................................................................52

6.2 Processor Thermal Features ................................................................................53

6.2.1 Processor Temperature............................................................................53

6.2.2 Adaptive Thermal Monitor ........................................................................53

6.2.2.1 Frequency/VID Control...............................................................54

6.2.2.2 Clock Modulation.......................................................................55

6.2.2.3 Immediate Transition to combined TM1 and TM2 ...........................55

6.2.2.4 Critical Temperature Flag ...........................................................56

6.2.2.5 PROCHOT# Signal .....................................................................56

6.2.3 THERMTRIP# Signal................................................................................56

6.3 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology ............................................................................57

6.3.1 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Frequency..................................................57

6.3.2 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Graphics Frequency ....................................57

6.4 Thermal Considerations ......................................................................................58

6.4.1 Intel

Turbo Boost Technology Power Control and Reporting ........................58

6.4.2 Package Power Control ............................................................................59

6.4.3 Power Plane Control ................................................................................60

6.4.4 Turbo Time Parameter.............................................................................60

7 PECI Interface .........................................................................................................61

7.1 Platform Environment Control Interface (PECI) ......................................................61

7.1.1 Introduction...........................................................................................61

7.1.1.1 Fan Speed Control with Digital Thermal Sensor .............................61

8 Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance ..............................................63

8.1 Sensor Based Specification Overview (DTS 1.0) .....................................................63

8.2 Sensor Based Thermal Specification .....................................................................65

8.2.1 TTV Thermal Profile.................................................................................65

8.2.2 Specification When DTS value is Greater than TCONTROL.............................66

8.3 Thermal Solution Design Process .........................................................................66

8.3.1 Boundary Condition Definition ..................................................................67

8.3.2 Thermal Design and Modelling ..................................................................68

8.3.3 Thermal Solution Validation......................................................................68

8.3.3.1 Test for Compliance to the TTV Thermal Profile..............................68

8.3.3.2 Thermal Solution Characterization for Fan Speed Control ................68

8.4 Fan Speed Control (FSC) Design Process...............................................................69

8.4.1 Fan Speed Control Algorithm without TAMBIENT Data..................................70

8.4.2 Fan Speed Control Algorithm with TAMBIENT Data ......................................71

8.4.3 DTS 1.1 A New Fan Speed Control Algorithm without TAMBIENT Data............73

8.4.4 Fan Speed Control Implementation Details.................................................75

8.5 System Validation..............................................................................................76

8.6 Thermal Solution Characterization........................................................................77

9 ATX Reference Thermal Solution..............................................................................79

9.1 Heatsink Thermal Solution ..................................................................................79

9.2 Geometric Envelope for the Intel Reference ATX Thermal Mechanical Design..............81

9.3 Reference Design Components ............................................................................82

9.3.1 Extrusion...............................................................................................82

4 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

9.3.2 Clip ...................................................................................................... 82

9.3.3 Core ..................................................................................................... 83

9.4 Mechanical Interface to the Reference Attach Mechanism........................................ 84

9.5 Heatsink Mass & Center of Gravity....................................................................... 86

9.6 Thermal Interface Material.................................................................................. 86

9.7 Heat Pipe Thermal Considerations........................................................................ 87

10 Thermal Solution Quality and Reliability Requirements............................................ 89

10.1 Reference Heatsink Thermal Verification ............................................................... 89

10.2 Mechanical Environmental Testing ....................................................................... 89

10.2.1 Recommended Test Sequence.................................................................. 90

10.2.2 Post-Test Pass Criteria ............................................................................ 90

10.2.3 Recommended BIOS/Processor/Memory Test Procedures............................. 90

10.3 Material and Recycling Requirements ................................................................... 91

11 Boxed Processor Specifications ............................................................................... 93

11.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 93

11.2 Mechanical Specifications ................................................................................... 94

11.2.1 Boxed Processor Cooling Solution Dimensions ............................................ 94

11.2.2 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Weight ....................................................... 96

11.2.3 Boxed Processor Retention Mechanism and Heatsink Attach Clip Assembly ..... 96

11.3 Electrical Requirements...................................................................................... 96

11.3.1 Fan Heatsink Power Supply...................................................................... 96

11.4 Thermal Specifications ....................................................................................... 98

11.4.1 Boxed Processor Cooling Requirements ..................................................... 98

11.4.2 Variable Speed Fan............................................................................... 100

Figures

2-1 Processor Package Assembly Sketch ........................................................................ 13

2-2 Package View ....................................................................................................... 14

2-3 Processor Top-Side Markings .................................................................................. 16

2-4 Processor Package Lands Coordinates ...................................................................... 17

3-1 LGA1155 Socket with Pick and Place Cover ............................................................... 19

3-2 LGA1155 Socket Contact Numbering (Top View of Socket).......................................... 20

3-3 LGA1155 Socket Land Pattern (Top View of Board) .................................................... 21

3-4 Suggested Board Marking....................................................................................... 22

3-5 Attachment to Motherboard .................................................................................... 22

3-6 Pick and Place Cover.............................................................................................. 24

3-7 Package Installation / Removal Features................................................................... 25

4-1 ILM Assembly with Installed Processor ..................................................................... 28

4-2 Back Plate ............................................................................................................ 29

4-3 Shoulder Screw..................................................................................................... 30

4-4 ILM Assembly ....................................................................................................... 31

4-5 Pin1 and ILM Lever................................................................................................ 32

4-6 ILM Cover ............................................................................................................ 34

4-7 ILM Cover and PnP Cover Interference ..................................................................... 35

5-1 Flow Chart of Knowledge-Based Reliability Evaluation Methodology .............................. 40

6-1 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) .......................................................................... 43

6-2 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

Series (Dual Core 65W) ........................................................................................ 44

6-3 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Series (Quad Core 45W) ........................................................................................ 46

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop

Core™ i3-2000 Desktop Processor

Core™ i5-2000 Desktop Processor

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 5

6-4 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000 Desktop

Processor Series (Dual Core 35W) ...........................................................................47

6-5 TTV Case Temperature (TCASE) Measurement Location ..............................................52

6-6 Frequency and Voltage Ordering..............................................................................55

6-7 Package Power Control ...........................................................................................59

8-1 Comparison of Case Temperature versus Sensor Based Specification ............................64

8-2 Intel

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W)

Thermal Profile......................................................................................................65

8-3 Thermal solution Performance .................................................................................66

8-4 Example: Required YCA for Various TAMBIENT Conditions ...........................................67

8-5 Thermal Solution Performance versus Fan Speed .......................................................69

8-6 Fan Response Without TAMBIENT Data .....................................................................71

8-7 Fan Response with TAMBIENT Aware FSC..................................................................72

8-8 DTS 1.1 Definition Points ........................................................................................74

8-9 Fan Response Comparison with Various Fan Speed Control Options ..............................76

9-1 ATX Heatsink Reference Design Assembly .................................................................80

9-2 ATX KOZ 3-D Model Primary (Top) Side ....................................................................81

9-3 RCBFH Extrusion ...................................................................................................82

9-4 Clip for Existing Solutions to straddle LGA1155 Socket................................................83

9-5 Core ....................................................................................................................84

9-6 Clip Core and Extrusion Assembly ............................................................................85

9-7 Critical Parameters for Interface to the Reference Clip ................................................85

9-8 Critical Core Dimensions .........................................................................................86

9-9 TTV Die Size and Orientation...................................................................................87

11-1 Mechanical Representation of the Boxed Processor .....................................................94

11-2 Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (side view) ............................................95

11-3 Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (top view) .............................................95

11-4 Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (overall view) ........................................96

11-5 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Power Cable Connector Description................................97

11-6 Baseboard Power Header Placement Relative to Processor Socket.................................98

11-7 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Airspace Keepout Requirements (top view).....................99

11-8 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Airspace Keepout Requirements (side view)....................99

11-9 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Set Points ................................................................100

6 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Tables

1-1 Reference Documents ............................................................................................. 10

1-2 Terms and Descriptions........................................................................................... 10

2-1 Processor Loading Specifications .............................................................................. 15

2-2 Package Handling Guidelines.................................................................................... 15

2-3 Processor Materials................................................................................................. 16

2-4 Storage Conditions ................................................................................................. 18

5-1 Socket Component Mass ......................................................................................... 37

5-2 1155-land Package and LGA1155 Socket Stackup Height ............................................. 37

5-3 Socket & ILM Mechanical Specifications ..................................................................... 38

5-4 Electrical Requirements for LGA1155 Socket .............................................................. 39

6-1 Processor Thermal Specifications.............................................................................. 42

6-2 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) ........................................................................... 43

6-3 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

(Dual Core 65W) .................................................................................................. 45

6-4 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Series (Quad Core 45W) ......................................................................................... 46

6-5 Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Processor Series (Dual Core 35W) ........................................................................... 47

6-6 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL for the Intel

i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) ................................................... 48

6-7 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL for the Intel

i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 65W) ............................................................... 49

6-8 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL for the Intel

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 45W)............................................................... 50

6-9 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL for the Intel

i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 35W) .................................................... 51

8-1 DTS 1.1 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL............................................ 74

8-2 Fan Speed control example for 95W TDP processor1 ................................................... 75

8-3 Thermal Solution Performance above TCONTROL ........................................................ 77

9-1 Reference Thermal Solutions ................................................................................... 79

10-1 Use Conditions (Board Level) ................................................................................... 89

11-1 Fan Heatsink Power and Signal Specifications............................................................. 97

11-2 Fan Heatsink Power and Signal Specifications........................................................... 101

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop

Core™ i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series

Core™ i5-2000 Desktop Processor

Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000 Desktop

Core™ i7-2000 and

Core™ i3-2000

Core™ i5-2000

Core™ i5-2000 and

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 7

Revision History

Revision

Number

001 • Initial release January 2011

002 • Minor edits for clarity January 2011

Description Revision Date

8 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Introduction

1 Introduction

The goal of this document is to provide thermal and mechanical specifications for the processor and the associated socket. The usual design guidance is also included.

The components described in this document include:

• The thermal and mechanical specifications for the following Intel® desktop processors:

—Intel® Core™ i7-2000 desktop processor series

—Intel

• The LGA1155 socket and the Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM) and back plate.

• The reference design thermal solution (heatsink) for the processors and associated retention hardware.

The Intel different thermal specifications. When required for clarity, this document will use:

—Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W)

—Intel

Core™ i5-2000 desktop processor series

Core™ i3-2000 desktop processor series

Core™ i7-2000, i5-2000 and i3-2000 desktop processor series has the

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 65W)

Core™ i3-2000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 65W)

Core™ i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 45W)

Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 35W)

Note: When the information is applicable to all products the this document will use

“processor” or “processors” to simplify the document.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 9

1.1 References

Material and concepts available in the following documents may be beneficial when reading this document.

Table 1-1. Reference Documents

Document Location Notes

2nd Generation Intel Volume 1

2nd Generation Intel Volume 2

2nd Generation Intel Update

4-Wire Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Controlled Fans

Core™ Processor Family Desktop Datasheet,

Core™ Processor Family Desktop Specification

1.2 Definition of Terms

http://

download.intel.com/

design/processor/

datashts/324641.pdf

http://

download.intel.com/

design/processor/

datashts/324642.pdf

http://

download.intel.com/

design/processor/

specupdt/324643.pdf

Available at http://

www.formfactors.org/

Introduction

Table 1-2. Terms and Descriptions

Term Description

Bypass Bypass is the area between a passive heatsink and any object that can act to form a duct. For this

CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion. The relative rate a material expands during a thermal event.

DTS Digital Thermal Sensor reports a relative die temperature as an offset from TCC activation temperature.

FSC Fan Speed Control

IHS Integrated Heat Spreader: a component of the processor package used to enhance the thermal

ILM Independent Loading Mechanism provides the force needed to seat the 1155-LGA land package onto the

PCH Platform Controller Hub. The PCH is connected to the processor via the Direct Media Interface (DMI) and

LGA1155 socket The processor mates with the system board through this surface mount, 1155-land socket.

PECI The Platform Environment Control Interface (PECI) is a one-wire interface that provides a communication



CASE or TC

CASE_MAX

TCC Thermal Control Circuit: Thermal monitor uses the TCC to reduce the die temperature by using clock

example, it can be expressed as a dimension away from the outside dimension of the fins to the nearest surface.

performance of the package. Component thermal solutions interface with the processor at the IHS surface.

socket contacts.

Intel® Flexible Display Interface (Intel® FDI).

channel between Intel processor and chipset components to external monitoring devices.

Case-to-ambient thermal characterization parameter (psi). A measure of thermal solution performance using total package power. Defined as (T be specified for  measurements.

Case-to-sink thermal characterization parameter. A measure of thermal interface material performance using total package power. Defined as (T

Sink-to-ambient thermal characterization parameter. A measure of heatsink thermal performance using total package power. Defined as (T

The case temperature of the processor, measured at the geometric center of the topside of the TTV IHS.

The maximum case temperature as specified in a component specification.

modulation and/or operating frequency and input voltage adjustment when the die temperature is very near its operating limits.

– TLA) / Total Package Power.

– TLA) / Total Package Power. The heat source should always

CASE

– TS) / Total Package Power.

CASE

10 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Introduction

Table 1-2. Terms and Descriptions (Continued)

Term Description

CONTROL

TDP Thermal Design Power: Thermal solution should be designed to dissipate this target power level. TDP is not

Thermal Monitor A power reduction feature designed to decrease temperature after the processor has reached its maximum

Thermal Profile Line that defines case temperature specification of the TTV at a given power level.

TIM Thermal Interface Material: The thermally conductive compound between the heatsink and the processor

TTV Thermal Test Vehicle. A mechanically equivalent package that contains a resistive heater in the die to

Tcontrol is a static value that is below the TCC activation temperature and used as a trigger point for fan speed control. When DTS > Tcontrol, the processor must comply to the TTV thermal profile.

the maximum power that the processor can dissipate.

operating temperature.

case. This material fills the air gaps and voids, and enhances the transfer of the heat from the processor case to the heatsink.

evaluate thermal solutions.

The measured ambient temperature locally surrounding the processor. The ambient temperature should be measured just upstream of a passive heatsink or at the fan inlet for an active heatsink.

The system ambient air temperature external to a system chassis. This temperature is usually measured at the chassis air inlets.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 11

Introduction

12 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

IHS

Substrate

System Board

Capacitors

Core (die)

TIM

LGA1155 Socket

2 Package Mechanical & Storage

Specifications

2.1 Package Mechanical Specifications

The processor is packaged in a Flip-Chip Land Grid Array package that interfaces with the motherboard via the LGA1155 socket. The package consists of a processor mounted on a substrate land-carrier. An integrated heat spreader (IHS) is attached to the package substrate and core and serves as the mating surface for processor thermal solutions, such as a heatsink. Figure 2-1 shows a sketch of the processor package components and how they are assembled together. Refer to Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 for complete details on the LGA1155 socket.

The package components shown in Figure 2-1 include the following:

1. Integrated Heat Spreader (IHS)

2. Thermal Interface Material (TIM)

3. Processor core (die)

4. Package substrate

5. Capacitors

Figure 2-1. Processor Package Assembly Sketch

Note:

1. Socket and motherboard are included for reference and are not part of processor package.

2. For clarity the ILM not shown.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 13

2.1.1 Package Mechanical Drawing

37.5

Figure 2-2 shows the basic package layout and dimensions. The detailed package

mechanical drawings are in Appendix D. The drawings include dimensions necessary to design a thermal solution for the processor. These dimensions include:

1. Package reference with tolerances (total height, length, width, and so on)

2. IHS parallelism and tilt

3. Land dimensions

4. Top-side and back-side component keep-out dimensions

5. Reference datums

6. All drawing dimensions are in mm.

Figure 2-2. Package View

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

2.1.2 Processor Component Keep-Out Zones

The processor may contain components on the substrate that define component keepout zone requirements. A thermal and mechanical solution design must not intrude into the required keep-out zones. Decoupling capacitors are typically mounted to either the topside or land-side of the package substrate. See Figure B-3 and Figure B-4 for keepout zones. The location and quantity of package capacitors may change due to manufacturing efficiencies but will remain within the component keep-in. This keep-in zone includes solder paste and is a post reflow maximum height for the components.

14 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

2.1.3 Package Loading Specifications

Ta b le 2 - 1 provides dynamic and static load specifications for the processor package.

These mechanical maximum load limits should not be exceeded during heatsink assembly, shipping conditions, or standard use condition. Also, any mechanical system or component testing should not exceed the maximum limits. The processor package substrate should not be used as a mechanical reference or load-bearing surface for

Table 2-1. Processor Loading Specifications

thermal and mechanical solution.

Parameter Minimum Maximum Notes

Static Compressive Load - 600 N [135 lbf] 1, 2, 3

Dynamic Compressive Load - 712 N [160 lbf ] 1, 3, 4

Notes:

1. These specifications apply to uniform compressive loading in a direction normal to the processor IHS.

2. This is the maximum static force that can be applied by the heatsink and retention solution to maintain the heatsink and processor interface.

3. These specifications are based on limited testing for design characterization. Loading limits are for the package only and do not include the limits of the processor socket.

4. Dynamic loading is defined as an 50g shock load, 2X Dynamic Acceleration Factor with a 500g maximum thermal solution.

2.1.4 Package Handling Guidelines

Ta b le 2 - 2 includes a list of guidelines on package handling in terms of recommended

maximum loading on the processor IHS relative to a fixed substrate. These package handling loads may be experienced during heatsink removal.

Table 2-2. Package Handling Guidelines

Parameter Maximum Recommended Notes

Shear 311 N [70 lbf] 1, 4

Tensile 111 N [25 lbf] 2, 4

Torque 3.95 N-m [35 lbf-in] 3, 4

Notes:

1. A shear load is defined as a load applied to the IHS in a direction parallel to the IHS top surface.

2. A tensile load is defined as a pulling load applied to the IHS in a direction normal to the IHS surface.

3. A torque load is defined as a twisting load applied to the IHS in an axis of rotation normal to the IHS top surface.

4. These guidelines are based on limited testing for design characterization.

2.1.5 Package Insertion Specifications

The processor can be inserted into and removed from an LGA1155 socket 15 times. The socket should meet the LGA1155 socket requirements detailed in Chapter 5.

2.1.6 Processor Mass Specification

The typical mass of the processor is 21.5g (0.76 oz). This mass [weight] includes all the components that are included in the package.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 15

2.1.7 Processor Materials

Sample (QDF):

GRP1LINE1: i{M}{C}YY GRP1LINE2: INTEL CONFIDENTIAL GRP1LINE3: QDF ES SPEED GRP1LINE4: COUNTRY OF ORIGIN GRP1LINE5: {FPO} {e4}

Production (SSPEC):

GRP1LINE1: i{M}{C}YY GRP1LINE2: BRAND PROC# GRP1LINE3: SSPEC SPEED GRP1LINE4: COUNTRY OF ORIGIN GRP1LINE5: {FPO} {e4}

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

Tab l e 2- 3 lists some of the package components and associated materials.

Table 2-3. Processor Materials

Component Material

Integrated Heat Spreader (IHS) Nickel Plated Copper

Substrate Fiber Reinforced Resin

Substrate Lands Gold Plated Copper

2.1.8 Processor Markings

Figure 2-3 shows the topside markings on the processor. This diagram is to aid in the

identification of the processor.

Figure 2-3. Processor Top-Side Markings

GRP1LINE1 GRP1LINE2 GRP1LINE3 GRP1LINE4 GRP1LINE5

S/N

16 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31

33 35 37 39

2 4 6 8 101214 1618202224 26283032

34 36 38 40

2.1.9 Processor Land Coordinates

Figure 2-4. Processor Package Lands Coordinates

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 17

Figure 2-4 shows the bottom view of the processor package.

Package Mechanical & Storage Specifications

2.2 Processor Storage Specifications

Tab l e 2- 4 includes a list of the specifications for device storage in terms of maximum

and minimum temperatures and relative humidity. These conditions should not be

Table 2-4. Storage Conditions

exceeded in storage or transportation.

Parameter Description Min Max Notes

ABSOLUTE STORAGE

SUSTAINED STORAGE

TIME

SUSTAINED STORAGE

Notes:

1. Refers to a component device that is not assembled in a board or socket that is not to be electrically connected to a voltage reference or I/O signals.

2. Specified temperatures are based on data collected. Exceptions for surface mount reflow are specified in by applicable JEDEC standard Non-adherence may affect processor reliability.

3. T

ABSOLUTE STORAGE

moisture barrier bags or desiccant.

4. Intel branded board products are certified to meet the following temperature and humidity limits that are given as an example only (Non-Operating Temperature Limit: -40 °C to 70 °C, Humidity: 50% to 90%, non-condensing with a maximum wet bulb of 28 °C). Post board attach storage temperature limits are not specified for non-Intel branded boards.

5. The JEDEC, J-JSTD-020 moisture level rating and associated handling practices apply to all moisture sensitive devices removed from the moisture barrier bag.

6. Nominal temperature and humidity conditions and durations are given and tested within the constraints imposed by T

The non-operating device storage temperature. Damage (latent or otherwise) may occur when subjected to for any length of time.

The ambient storage temperature limit (in shipping media) for a sustained period of time.

The maximum device storage relative humidity for a sustained period of time.

A prolonged or extended period of time; typically associated with customer shelf life.

applies to the unassembled component only and does not apply to the shipping media,

SUSTAINED STORAGE

and customer shelf life in applicable intel box and bags.

-55 °C 125 °C 1, 2, 3

-5 °C 40 °C 4, 5

60% @ 24 °C 5, 6

Months6 Months

18 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

LGA1155 Socket

3 LGA1155 Socket

This chapter describes a surface mount, LGA (Land Grid Array) socket intended for the processors. The socket provides I/O, power and ground contacts. The socket contains 1155 contacts arrayed about a cavity in the center of the socket with lead-free solder balls for surface mounting on the motherboard.

The contacts are arranged in two opposing L-shaped patterns within the grid array. The grid array is 40 x 40 with 24 x 16 grid depopulation in the center of the array and selective depopulation elsewhere.

The socket must be compatible with the package (processor) and the Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM). The ILM design includes a back plate which is integral to having a uniform load on the socket solder joints. Socket loading specifications are listed in Chapter 5.

Figure 3-1. LGA1155 Socket with Pick and Place Cover

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 19

Figure 3-2. LGA1155 Socket Contact Numbering (Top View of Socket)

A C E G J L N R U W AA AC AE AG AJ AL AN AR AU AW

B D F H K M P T V Y AB AD AF AH AK AM AP AT AV AY

7 5

15 13

23 21

14 12

22 20

30 28

38 36

LGA1155 Socket

3.1 Board Layout

The land pattern for the LGA1155 socket is 36 mils X 36 mils (X by Y) within each of the two L-shaped sections. Note that there is no round-off (conversion) error between

20 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

socket pitch (0.9144 mm) and board pitch (36 mil) as these values are equivalent. The two L-sections are offset by 0.9144 mm (36 mil) in the x direction and 3.114 mm (122.6 mil) in the y direction, see Figure 3-3. This was to achieve a common package land to PCB land offset which ensures a single PCB layout for socket designs from the multiple vendors.

LGA1155 Socket

A C E G J L N R U W AA AC AE AG AJ AL AN AR AU AW

B D F H K M P T V Y AB AD AF AH AK AM AP AT AV AY

7 5

15 13

23 21

14 12

22 20

38 36

B D F H K M P T V Y AB AD AF AH AK AM AP AT AV AY

A C E G J L N R U W AA AC AE AG AJ AL AN AR AU AW

122.6 mi l (3.1 144mm )

36mil (0.9144 mm )

Figure 3-3. LGA1155 Socket Land Pattern (Top View of Board)

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 21

LGA1155 Socket

Load plate

Frame

Load Lever

Back Plate

Shoulder Screw

Load plate

Frame

Load Lever

Back Plate

Shoulder Screw

3.1.1 Suggested Silkscreen Marking for Socket Identification

Intel is recommending that customers mark the socket name approximately where shown in Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-4. Suggested Board Marking

3.2 Attachment to Motherboard

The socket is attached to the motherboard by 1155 solder balls. There are no additional external methods (that is, screw, extra solder, adhesive, and so on) to attach the socket.

As indicated in Figure 3-1, the Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM) is not present during the attach (reflow) process.

Figure 3-5. Attachment to Motherboard

22 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

LGA1155 Socket

3.3 Socket Components

The socket has two main components, the socket body and Pick and Place (PnP) cover, and is delivered as a single integral assembly. Refer to Appendix C for detailed drawings.

3.3.1 Socket Body Housing

The housing material is thermoplastic or equivalent with UL 94 V-0 flame rating capable of withstanding 260 °C for 40 seconds which is compatible with typical reflow/rework profiles. The socket coefficient of thermal expansion (in the XY plane), and creep properties, must be such that the integrity of the socket is maintained for the conditions listed in Chapter 5.

The color of the housing will be dark as compared to the solder balls to provide the contrast needed for pick and place vision systems.

3.3.2 Solder Balls

A total of 1155 solder balls corresponding to the contacts are on the bottom of the socket for surface mounting with the motherboard. The socket solder ball has the following characteristics:

• Lead free SAC (SnAgCu) 305 solder alloy with a silver (Ag) content between 3% and 4% and a melting temperature of approximately 217 °C. The alloy is compatible with immersion silver (ImAg) and Organic Solderability Protectant (OSP) motherboard surface finishes and a SAC alloy solder paste.

• Solder ball diameter 0.6 mm ± 0.02 mm, before attaching to the socket lead.

The co-planarity (profile) and true position requirements are defined in Appendix C.

3.3.3 Contacts

Base material for the contacts is high strength copper alloy.

For the area on socket contacts where processor lands will mate, there is a 0.381 m [15 inches] minimum gold plating over 1.27 m [50 inches] minimum nickel underplate.

No contamination by solder in the contact area is allowed during solder reflow.

3.3.4 Pick and Place Cover

The cover provides a planar surface for vacuum pick up used to place components in the Surface Mount Technology (SMT) manufacturing line. The cover remains on the socket during reflow to help prevent contamination during reflow. The cover can withstand 260 °C for 40 seconds (typical reflow/rework profile) and the conditions listed in Chapter 5 without degrading.

As indicated in Figure 3-6, the cover remains on the socket during ILM installation, and should remain on whenever possible to help prevent damage to the socket contacts.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 23

Cover retention must be sufficient to support the socket weight during lifting,

Pick & Place Cover

Pin 1

ILM Installation

Pick & Place Cover

Pin 1

ILM Installation

translation, and placement (board manufacturing), and during board and system shipping and handling. PnP Cover should only be removed with tools, to prevent the cover from falling into the contacts.

The socket vendors have a common interface on the socket body where the PnP cover attaches to the socket body. This should allow the PnP covers to be compatible between socket suppliers.

As indicated in Figure 3-6, a Pin1 indicator on the cover provides a visual reference for proper orientation with the socket.

Figure 3-6. Pick and Place Cover

LGA1155 Socket

3.4 Package Installation / Removal

24 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

As indicated in Figure 3-7, access is provided to facilitate manual installation and removal of the package.

To assist in package orientation and alignment with the socket:

• The package Pin1 triangle and the socket Pin1 chamfer provide visual reference for proper orientation.

• The package substrate has orientation notches along two opposing edges of the package, offset from the centerline. The socket has two corresponding orientation posts to physically prevent mis-orientation of the package. These orientation features also provide initial rough alignment of package to socket.

• The socket has alignment walls at the four corners to provide final alignment of the package.

LGA1155 Socket

Pin 1 Chamfer

Package Pin 1 Indicator

Alignment Post (2 Places)

Finger/Tool Access (2 Pla ces)

Orientation Notch (2 Place s)

Figure 3-7. Package Installation / Removal Features

3.4.1 Socket Standoffs and Package Seating Plane

Standoffs on the bottom of the socket base establish the minimum socket height after solder reflow and are specified in Appendix C.

Similarly, a seating plane on the topside of the socket establishes the minimum package height. See Section 5.2 for the calculated IHS height above the motherboard.

3.5 Durability

The socket must withstand 20 cycles of processor insertion and removal. The max chain contact resistance from Tab l e 5 - 4 must be met when mated in the 1st and 20th cycles.

The socket Pick and Place cover must withstand 15 cycles of insertion and removal.

3.6 Markings

There are three markings on the socket:

• LGA1155: Font type is Helvetica Bold - minimum 6 point (2.125 mm). This mark will also appear on the pick and place cap.

• Manufacturer's insignia (font size at supplier's discretion).

• Lot identification code (allows traceability of manufacturing date and location).

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 25

All markings must withstand 260 °C for 40 seconds (typical reflow/rework profile) without degrading, and must be visible after the socket is mounted on the motherboard.

LGA1155 and the manufacturer's insignia are molded or laser marked on the side wall.

3.7 Component Insertion Forces

Any actuation must meet or exceed SEMI S8-95 Safety Guidelines for Ergonomics/ Human Factors Engineering of Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment, example Table R2-7 (Maximum Grip Forces). The socket must be designed so that it requires no force to insert the package into the socket.

3.8 Socket Size

Socket information needed for motherboard design is given in Appendix C.

This information should be used in conjunction with the reference motherboard keepout drawings provided in Appendix B to ensure compatibility with the reference thermal mechanical components.

LGA1155 Socket

26 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

4 Independent Loading

Mechanism (ILM)

The ILM has two critical functions: deliver the force to seat the processor onto the socket contacts and distribute the resulting compressive load evenly through the socket solder joints.

The mechanical design of the ILM is integral to the overall functionality of the LGA1155 socket. Intel performs detailed studies on integration of processor package, socket and ILM as a system. These studies directly impact the design of the ILM. The Intel reference ILM will be “build to print” from Intel controlled drawings. Intel recommends using the Intel Reference ILM. Custom non-Intel ILM designs do not benefit from Intel's detailed studies and may not incorporate critical design parameters.

Note: There is a single ILM design for the LGA1155 socket and LGA1156 socket.

4.1 Design Concept

The ILM consists of two assemblies that will be procured as a set from the enabled vendors. These two components are ILM assembly and back plate. To secure the two assemblies, two types of fasteners are required a pair (2) of standard 6-32 thread screws and a custom 6-32 thread shoulder screw. The reference design incorporates a T-20 Torx* head fastener. The Torx* head fastener was chosen to ensure end users do not inadvertently remove the ILM assembly and for consistency with the LGA1366 socket ILM. The Torx* head fastener is also less susceptible to driver slippage. Once assembled the ILM is not required to be removed to install / remove the motherboard from a chassis.

4.1.1 ILM Assembly Design Overview

The ILM assembly consists of 4 major pieces: ILM cover, load lever, load plate and the hinge frame assembly.

All of the pieces in the ILM assembly except the hinge frame and the screws used to attach the back plate are fabricated from stainless steel. The hinge frame is plated. The frame provides the hinge locations for the load lever and load plate. An insulator is preapplied to the bottom surface of the hinge frame.

The ILM assembly design ensures that once assembled to the back plate the only features touching the board are the shoulder screw and the insulated hinge frame assembly. The nominal gap of the load plate to the board is ~1 mm.

When closed the load plate applies two point loads onto the IHS at the “dimpled” features shown in Figure 4-1. The reaction force from closing the load plate is transmitted to the hinge frame assembly and through the fasteners to the back plate. Some of the load is passed through the socket body to the board inducing a slight compression on the solder joints.

A pin 1 indicator will be marked on the ILM assembly.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 27

Figure 4-1. ILM Assembly with Installed Processor

Fasteners

Load Lever

Load Plate

Hinge / Frame Assy

Shoulder Screw

Pin 1 Indicator

Fasteners

Load Lever

Load Plate

Hinge / Frame Assy

Shoulder Screw

Pin 1 Indicator

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

4.1.2 ILM Back Plate Design Overview

The back plate is a flat steel back plate with pierced and extruded features for ILM attach. A clearance hole is located at the center of the plate to allow access to test points and backside capacitors if required. An insulator is pre-applied. A notch is placed in one corner to assist in orienting the back plate during assembly.

Caution: Intel does NOT recommend using the server back plate for high-volume desktop

applications at this time as the server back plate test conditions cover a limited envelope. Back plates and screws are similar in appearance. To prevent mixing, different levels of differentiation between server and desktop back plate and screws have been implemented.

For ILM back plate, three levels of differentiation have been implemented:

• Unique part numbers, please refer to part numbers listed in Appendix A.

• Desktop ILM back plate to use black lettering for marking versus server ILM back plate to use yellow lettering for marking.

• Desktop ILM back plate using marking “115XDBP” versus server ILM back plate using marking “115XSBP”.

Note: When reworking a BGA component or the socket that the heatsink, battery, ILM and

ILM Back Plate are removed prior to rework. The ILM back plate should also be removed when reworking through hole mounted components in a mini-wave or solder pot). The maximum temperature for the pre-applied insulator on the ILM is approximately 106 °C.

28 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

Die Cut Insulator

Pierced & Extruded Thread Features

Assembly Orientation Feature

Die Cut Insulator

Pierced & Extruded Thread Features

Assembly Orientation Feature

Figure 4-2. Back Plate

4.1.3 Shoulder Screw and Fasteners Design Overview

Note: The screws for Server ILM are different from Desktop design. The length of Server ILM

Note: Unique part numbers, please refer to Appendix A. Note: The reference design incorporates a T-20 Torx* head fastener. The Torx* head fastener

The shoulder screw is fabricated from carbonized steel rod. The shoulder height and diameter are integral to the mechanical performance of the ILM. The diameter provides alignment of the load plate. The height of the shoulder ensures the proper loading of the IHS to seat the processor on the socket contacts. The design assumes the shoulder screw has a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa.

A dimensioned drawing of the shoulder screw is available for local sourcing of this component. Please refer to Figure B-13 for the custom 6-32 thread shoulder screw drawing.

The standard fasteners can be sourced locally. The design assumes this fastener has a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa. Please refer to Figure B-14 for the standard 6-32 thread fasteners drawing.

screws are shorter than the Desktop screw length to satisfy Server secondary-side clearance limitation.

was chosen to ensure end users do not inadvertently remove the ILM assembly and for consistency with the LGA1366 socket ILM.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 29

Figure 4-3. Shoulder Screw

Shoulder

6-32 thread

Cap

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

4.2 Assembly of ILM to a Motherboard

The ILM design allows a bottoms up assembly of the components to the board. See

Figure 4-4 for step by step assembly sequence.

1. Place the back plate in a fixture. The motherboard is aligned with the fixture.

2. Install the shoulder screw in the single hole near Pin 1 of the socket. Torque to a minimum and recommended 8 inch-pounds, but not to exceed 10 inch-pounds.

3. Align and place the ILM assembly over the socket.

4. Install two (2) 6-32 fasteners. Torque to a minimum and recommended 8 inchpounds, but not to exceed 10 inch-pounds.

The thread length of the shoulder screw accommodates a nominal board thicknesses of

0.062”.

30 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

Step 1 Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 1 Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 1 Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Figure 4-4. ILM Assembly

As indicated in Figure 4-5, the shoulder screw, socket protrusion and ILM key features prevent 180 degree rotation of ILM cover assembly with respect to socket. The result is a specific Pin 1 orientation with respect to ILM lever.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 31

Figure 4-5. Pin1 and ILM Lever

Alignment

Features

Load plate not

shown for

clarity

Pin 1

Shoulder Screw

Load Lever

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

4.3 ILM Interchangeability

ILM assembly and ILM back plate built from the Intel controlled drawings are intended to be interchangeable. Interchangeability is defined as an ILM from Vendor A will demonstrate acceptable manufacturability and reliability with a socket body from Vendor A, B or C. ILM assembly and ILM back plate from all vendors are also interchangeable.

The ILM are an integral part of the socket validation testing. ILMs from each vendor will be matrix tested with the socket bodies from each of the current vendors. The tests would include: manufacturability, bake and thermal cycling.

See Appendix A for vendor part numbers that were tested.

Note: ILMs that are not compliant to the Intel controlled ILM drawings can not be assured to

be interchangeable.

4.4 Markings

There are four markings on the ILM:

• 115XLM: Font type is Helvetica Bold - minimum 6 point (2.125 mm).

• Manufacturer's insignia (font size at supplier's discretion).

• Lot identification code (allows traceability of manufacturing date and location).

• Pin 1 indicator on the load plate.

All markings must be visible after the ILM is assembled on the motherboard.

115XLM and the manufacturer's insignia can be ink stamped or laser marked on the side wall.

32 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

4.5 ILM Cover

Intel has developed an ILM Cover that will snap onto the ILM for the LGA115x socket family. The ILM cover is intended to reduce the potential for socket contact damage from operator and customer fingers being close to the socket contacts to remove or install the pick and place cap. The ILM Cover concept is shown in Figure 4-6.

The ILM Cover is intended to be used in place of the pick and place cover once the ILM is assembled to the motherboard. The ILM will be offered with the ILM Cover pre assembled as well as offered as a discrete component.

ILM Cover features:

• Pre-assembled by the ILM vendors to the ILM load plate. It will also be offered as a discrete component.

• The ILM cover will pop off if a processor is installed in the socket, and the ILM Cover and ILM are from the same manufacturer.

• ILM Cover can be installed while the ILM is open.

• Maintain inter-changeability between validated ILM vendors for LGA115x socket, with the exception noted below

• The ILM cover for the LGA115x socket will have a flammability rating of V-2 per UL 60950-1.

Note: The ILM Cover pop off feature is not supported if the ILM Covers are interchanged on

different vendor’s ILMs.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 33

Figure 4-6. ILM Cover

Step 3: Close ILM

Step 1: PnP Cover installed during ILM assembly

Step 2: Remove PnP Cover

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

As indicated in Figure 4-6, the pick and place cover should remain installed during ILM assembly to the motherboard. After assembly, the pick and place cover is removed, the ILM Cover installed and the ILM mechanism closed. The ILM Cover is designed to pop off if the pick and place cover is accidentally left in place and the ILM closed with the ILM Cover installed. This is shown in Figure 4-7.

34 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

Figure 4-7. ILM Cover and PnP Cover Interference

As indicated in Figure 4-7, the pick and place cover cannot remain in place and used in conjunction with the ILM Cover. The ILM Cover is designed to interfere and pop off if the pick and place cover is unintentionally left in place. The ILM cover will also interfere and pop off if the ILM is closed with a processor in place in the socket.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 35

Independent Loading Mechanism (ILM)

36 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

LGA1155 Socket and ILM Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications

5 LGA1155 Socket and ILM

Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications

This chapter describes the electrical, mechanical and environmental specifications for the LGA1155 socket and the Independent Loading Mechanism.

5.1 Component Mass

Table 5-1. Socket Component Mass

Component Mass

Socket Body, Contacts and PnP Cover 10 g

ILM Cover 29 g

ILM Back Plate 38 g

5.2 Package/Socket Stackup Height

Ta b le 5 - 2 provides the stackup height of a processor in the 1155-land LGA package and

LGA1155 socket with the ILM closed and the processor fully seated in the socket.

Table 5-2. 1155-land Package and LGA1155 Socket Stackup Height

Component Stackup Height Note

Integrated Stackup Height From Top of Board to Top of IHS

Socket Nominal Seating Plane Height 3.4 ± 0.2 mm 1

Package Nominal Thickness (lands to top of IHS) 4.381 ± 0.269 mm 1

Notes:

1. This data is provided for information only, and should be derived from: (a) the height of the socket seating plane above the motherboard after reflow, given in Appendix C, (b) the height of the package, from the package seating plane to the top of the IHS, and accounting for its nominal variation and tolerances that are given in the corresponding processor data sheet.

2. The integrated stackup height value is a RSS calculation based on current and planned processors that will use the ILM design.

(mm)

7.781 ± 0.335 mm 2

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 37

LGA1155 Socket and ILM Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications

5.3 Loading Specifications

The socket will be tested against the conditions listed in Chapter 10 with heatsink and the ILM attached, under the loading conditions outlined in this section.

Tab l e 5- 3 provides load specifications for the LGA1155 socket with the ILM installed.

The maximum limits should not be exceeded during heatsink assembly, shipping conditions, or standard use condition. Exceeding these limits during test may result in component failure. The socket body should not be used as a mechanical reference or load-bearing surface for thermal solutions.

Table 5-3. Socket & ILM Mechanical Specifications

Parameter Min Max Notes

ILM static compressive load on processor IHS 311 N [70 lbf] 600 N [135 lbf] 3, 4, 7, 8

Heatsink static compressive load 0 N [0 lbf] 222 N [50 lbf] 1, 2, 3

Total static compressive Load (ILM plus Heatsink)

Dynamic Compressive Load (with heatsink installed)

Pick & Place cover insertion force N/A 10.2 N [2.3 lbf] -

Pick & Place cover removal force 2.2N [0.5 lbf] 7.56 N [1.7 lbf] 9

Load lever actuation force N/A 20.9 N [4.7 lbf] in the

Maximum heatsink mass N/A 500g 10

311 N [70 lbf] 822 N [185 lbf] 3, 4, 7, 8

N/A 712 N [160 lbf ] 1, 3, 5, 6

vertical direction

10.2 N [2.3 lbf] in the lateral direction.

Notes:

1. These specifications apply to uniform compressive loading in a direction perpendicular to the IHS top surface.

2. This is the minimum and maximum static force that can be applied by the heatsink and it’s retention solution to maintain the heatsink to IHS interface. This does not imply the Intel reference TIM is validated to these limits.

3. Loading limits are for the LGA1155 socket.

4. This minimum limit defines the static compressive force required to electrically seat the processor onto the socket contacts. The minimum load is a beginning of life load.

5. Dynamic loading is defined as a load a 4.3 m/s [170 in/s] minimum velocity change average load superimposed on the static load requirement.

6. Test condition used a heatsink mass of 500gm [1.102 lb.] with 50 g acceleration (table input) and an assumed 2X Dynamic Acceleration Factor (DAF). The dynamic portion of this specification in the product application can have flexibility in specific values. The ultimate product of mass times acceleration plus static heatsink load should not exceed this limit.

7. The maximum BOL value and must not be exceeded at any point in the product life.

8. The minimum value is a beginning of life loading requirement based on load degradation over time.

9. The maximum removal force is the flick up removal upwards thumb force (measured at 45o), not applicable to SMT operation for system assembly. Only the minimum removal force is applicable to vertical removal in SMT operation for system assembly.

10. The maximum heatsink mass includes the core, extrusion, fan and fasteners. This mass limit is evaluated using the POR heatsink attach to the PCB.

38 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

LGA1155 Socket and ILM Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications

5.4 Electrical Requirements

LGA1155 socket electrical requirements are measured from the socket-seating plane of the processor to the component side of the socket PCB to which it is attached. All specifications are maximum values (unless otherwise stated) for a single socket contact, but includes effects of adjacent contacts where indicated.

Table 5-4. Electrical Requirements for LGA1155 Socket

Parameter Value Comment

The inductance calculated for two contacts,

Mated loop inductance, Loop <3.6nH

Socket Average Contact Resistance (EOL)

Max Individual Contact Resistance (EOL)

Bulk Resistance Increase 

Dielectric Withstand Voltage 360 Volts RMS

Insulation Resistance 800 M

19 mOhm

100 mOhm

3 m

considering one forward conductor and one return conductor. These values must be satisfied at the worst-case height of the socket.

The socket average contact resistance target is calculated from the following equation:

sum (Ni X LLCRi) / sum (Ni)

• LLCRi is the chain resistance defined as the resistance of each chain minus resistance of shorting bars divided by number of lands in the daisy chain.

• Ni is the number of contacts within a chain.

• I is the number of daisy chain, ranging from 1 to 119 (total number of daisy chains).

The specification listed is at room temperature and has to be satisfied at all time.

Socket Contact Resistance:

the socket contact, solderball, and interface resistance to the interposer land; gaps included.

The bulk resistance increase per contact from 25°C to 100°C.

The resistance of

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 39

LGA1155 Socket and ILM Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Specifications

Establish the market/expected use environment for the technology

Develop Speculative stress conditions based on historical data, content experts, and literature search

Perform stressing to validate accelerated stressing assumptions and determine acceleration factors

Freeze stressing requirements and perform additional data turns

5.5 Environmental Requirements

Design, including materials, shall be consistent with the manufacture of units that meet the following environmental reference points.

The reliability targets in this section are based on the expected field use environment for these products. The test sequence for new sockets will be developed using the knowledge-based reliability evaluation methodology, which is acceleration factor dependent. A simplified process flow of this methodology can be seen in Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1. Flow Chart of Knowledge-Based Reliability Evaluation Methodology

40 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

A detailed description of this methodology can be found at: ftp://download.intel.com/ technology/itj/q32000/pdf/reliability.pdf.

Thermal Specifications

6 Thermal Specifications

The processor requires a thermal solution to maintain temperatures within its operating limits. Any attempt to operate the processor outside these operating limits may result in permanent damage to the processor and potentially other components within the system. Maintaining the proper thermal environment is key to reliable, long-term system operation.

A complete solution includes both component and system level thermal management features. Component level thermal solutions can include active or passive heatsinks attached to the processor integrated heat spreader (IHS).

This chapter provides data necessary for developing a complete thermal solution. For more information on an ATX reference thermal solution design, please refer to

Chapter 9.

6.1 Thermal Specifications

To allow the optimal operation and long-term reliability of Intel processor-based systems, the processor must remain within the minimum and maximum case temperature (T Thermal solutions not designed to provide this level of thermal capability may affect the long-term reliability of the processor and system. For more details on thermal solution design, please refer to the Chapter 9.

) specifications as defined by the applicable thermal profile.

CASE

The processors implement a methodology for managing processor temperatures which is intended to support acoustic noise reduction through fan speed control and to assure processor reliability. Selection of the appropriate fan speed is based on the relative temperature data reported by the processor’s Digital Temperature Sensor (DTS). The DTS can be read via the Platform Environment Control Interface (PECI) as described in

Chapter 7. Alternatively, when PECI is monitored by the PCH, the processor

temperature can be read from the PCH via the SMBUS protocol defined in Embedded Controller Support Provided by Platform Controller Hub (PCH). The temperature

report ed over PECI i s always a negative value and represents a delta below the onset of thermal control circuit (TCC) activation, as indicated by PROCHOT# (see Section 6.2, Processor Thermal Features). Systems that implement fan speed control must be designed to use this data. Systems that do not alter the fan speed only need to ensure the case temperature meets the thermal profile specifications.

A single integer change in the PECI value corresponds to approximately 1 °C change in processor temperature. Although each processors DTS is factory calibrated, the accuracy of the DTS will vary from part to part and may also vary slightly with temperature and voltage. In general, each integer change in PECI should equal a temperature change between 0.9 °C and 1.1 °C.

Analysis indicates that real applications are unlikely to cause the processor to consume maximum power dissipation for sustained time periods. Intel recommends that complete thermal solution designs target the Thermal Design Power (TDP), instead of the maximum processor power consumption. The Adaptive Thermal Monitor feature is intended to help protect the processor in the event that an application exceeds the TDP recommendation for a sustained time period. For more details on this feature, refer to

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 41

Section 6.2. To ensure maximum flexibility for future processors, systems should be

designed to the Thermal Solution Capability guidelines, even if a processor with lower power dissipation is currently planned.

Table 6-1. Processor Thermal Specifications

Thermal Specifications

Max

Power

Package

1,2,6

(W)

Product

Core™ i7-

Intel 2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W)

Intel

Core™ i72000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core

Max

Power

Package

C1E

1,2,6

(W)

28 22 5.5 95

25 18 5.5

65W)

Core™ i3-

Intel 2000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 65W)

Core™ i5-

Intel 2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 45W)

Core™ i5-

Intel 2000 and i3-2000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 35W)

Notes:

1. The package C-state power is the worst case power in the system configured as follows:

- Memory configured for DDR3 1333 and populated with 2 DIMM per channel.

- DMI and PCIe links are at L1.

2. Specification at Tj of 50 °C and minimum voltage loadline.

3. Specification at Tj of 35 °C and minimum voltage loadline.

4. These values are specified at V Systems must be designed to ensure the processor is not to be subjected to any static V combination wherein V the EDS.

5. Thermal Design Power (TDP) should be used for processor thermal solution design targets. TDP is not the maximum power that the processor can dissipate. TDP is measured at DTS = -1. TDP is achieved with the Memory configured for DDR3 1333 and 2 DIMMs per channel.

6. Specified by design characterization.

7. When the Multi-monitor feature is enabled (running 4 displays simultaneously) there could be corner cases with additional system thermal impact on the SA and VCCP rails ≤1.5W (maximum of 1.5W measured on 16 lane PCIe card). The integrator should perform additional thermal validation with Multi-monitor enabled to ensure thermal compliance.

CCP

20 12 5

20 12 5.5 45

18 10 5 35

CC_MAX

exceeds V

and V

CCP_MAX

for all other voltage rails for all processor frequencies.

NOM

at specified I

Max

Power

Package

1,3,6

(W)

TTV

Thermal

Design Power

4,5,7

(W)

Min TCASE

(°C)

and ICC

. Please refer to the loadline specifications in

CCP

Maximum

TTV

TCASE

(°C)

Figure 6-1

& Table 6 -2

Figure 6-2

& Table 6 -3

Figure 6-3

& Table 6 -4

Figure 6-4

& Table 6 -5

42 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

6.1.1 Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) Thermal Profile

Figure 6-1. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W)

Notes:

1. Please refer to Ta bl e 6 - 2 for discrete points that constitute the thermal profile.

2. Refer to Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 for system and environmental implementation details.

Table 6-2. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W)

Power (W) T

0 45.1 50 59.6

2 45.7 52 60.2

4 46.3 54 60.8

6 46.8 56 61.3

8 47.4 58 61.9

10 48.0 60 62.5

12 48.6 62 63.1

14 49.2 64 63.7

16 49.7 66 64.2

18 50.3 68 64.8

20 50.9 70 65.4

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 43

CASE_MAX

(C) Pow er (W) T

CASE_MAX

(C)

Thermal Specifications

Table 6-2. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W)

Power (W) T

22 51.5 72 66.0

24 52.1 74 66.6

26 52.6 76 67.1

28 53.2 78 67.7

30 53.8 80 68.3

32 54.4 82 68.9

34 55.0 84 69.5

36 55.5 86 70.0

38 56.1 88 70.6

40 56.7 90 71.2

42 57.3 92 71.8

44 57.9 94 72.4

46 58.4 95 72.6

48 59.0

CASE_MAX

(C) Power (W) T

CASE_MAX

(C)

6.1.2 Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel® Core™ i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 65W) Thermal Profile

Figure 6-2. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

Core™ i3-2000 Desktop

Processor Series (Dual Core 65W)

Notes:

1. Please refer to Ta bl e 6 -3 for discrete points that constitute the thermal profile.

2. Refer to Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 for system and environmental implementation details.

44 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

Table 6-3. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel

Core™ i3-2000 Desktop

Processor Series (Dual Core 65W)

Power (W) T

0 44.4 34 57.3

2 45.2 36 58.1

4 45.9 38 58.8

6 46.7 40 59.6

8 47.4 42 60.4

10 48.2 44 61.1

12 49.0 46 61.9

14 49.7 48 62.6

16 50.5 50 63.4

18 51.2 52 64.2

20 52.0 54 64.9

22 52.8 56 65.7

24 53.5 58 66.4

26 54.3 60 67.2

28 55.0 62 68.0

30 55.8 64 68.7

32 56.6 65 69.1

34 57.3 0 0

CASE_MAX

(C) Pow er (W) T

CASE_MAX

(C)

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 45

Thermal Specifications

6.1.3 Intel® Core™ i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 45W) Thermal Profile

Figure 6-3. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i5-2000 Desktop

Processor Series (Quad Core 45W)

Notes:

1. Please refer to Ta bl e 6 -4 for discrete points that constitute the thermal profile.

2. Refer to Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 for system and environmental implementation details.

Table 6-4. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i5-2000 Desktop

Processor Series (Quad Core 45W)

Power (W) T

0 48.2 24 59.7

2 49.2 26 60.7

4 50.1 28 61.6

6 51.1 30 62.6

8 52.0 32 63.6

10 53.0 34 64.5

12 54.09 36 65.5

14 54.9 38 66.4

16 55.9 40 67.4

18 56.8 42 68.4

20 57.8 44 69.3

22 58.8 45 69.8

CASE_MAX

(C) Power (W) T

CASE_MAX

(C)

46 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

6.1.4 Intel® Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 35W) Thermal Profile

Figure 6-4. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 35W)

Notes:

1. Please refer to Ta bl e 6 - 5 for discrete points that constitute the thermal profile.

2. Refer to Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 for system and environmental implementation details.

Table 6-5. Thermal Test Vehicle Thermal Profile for Intel® Core™ i5-2000 and i3-2000

Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 35W)

Power (W) T

0 48.2 20 57.8

2 49.2 22 58.8

4 50.1 24 59.7

6 51.1 26 60.7

8 52.0 28 61.6

10 53.0 30 62.6

12 54.0 32 63.6

14 54.9 34 64.5

16 55.9 35 65.0

18 56.8

CASE_MAX

(C) Pow er (W) T

CASE_MAX

(C)

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 47

Thermal Specifications

6.1.5 Processor Specification for Operation Where Digital Thermal Sensor Exceeds T

When the DTS value is less than T the speed of the thermal solution fan. This remains the same as with the previous guidance for fan speed control.

CONTROL

the fan speed control algorithm can reduce

During operation, when the DTS value is greater than T algorithm must drive the fan speed to meet or exceed the target thermal solution performance (CA) shown in Tab l e 6- 6 for the Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W), Tab l e 6 - 7 for the Intel i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel® Pentium® desktop processor 800 and 600 series (Dual Core 65W), Ta b le 6 -8 for the Intel® Core™ i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 45W) and Tab l e 6 - 9 for the Intel and i3-2000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 35W) . To get the full acoustic benefit of the DTS specification, ambient temperature monitoring is necessary. See Chapter 8 for details on characterizing the fan speed to  measurement.

Table 6-6. Thermal Solution Performance above T

and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) (Sheet 1 of 2)

AMBIENT

45.1 0.290 0.289

44.0 0.310 0.301

43.0 0.328 0.312

42.0 0.346 0.322

41.0 0.364 0.333

40.0 0.383 0.343

39.0 0.401 0.354

38.0 0.419 0.364

37.0 0.437 0.375

36.0 0.455 0.385

35.0 0.473 0.396

34.0 0.491 0.406

33.0 0.510 0.417

32.0 0.528 0.427

31.0 0.546 0.438

30.0 0.564 0.448

29.0 0.582 0.459

28.0 0.600 0.469

27.0 0.618 0.480

26.0 0.637 0.491

25.0 0.655 0.501

24.0 0.673 0.512

23.0 0.691 0.522



DTS = T

CONTROL

, the fan speed control

Core™ i7-2000 and

Core™ i5-2000

and ambient temperature

for the Intel® Core™ i7-2000



DTS = -1

48 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

Table 6-6. Thermal Solution Performance above T

and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 95W) (Sheet 2 of 2)

AMBIENT

22.0 0.709 0.533

21.0 0.727 0.543

20.0 0.746 0.554

Notes:

1. The ambient temperature is measured at the inlet to the processor thermal solution.

2. This column can be expressed as a function of T = 0.29 + (45.1 - T

3. This column can be expressed as a function of T = 0.29 + (45.1 - T

AMBIENT

) x 0.0181

) x 0.0105



DTS = T

AMBIENT

Table 6-7. Thermal Solution Performance above T

and i5-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel 2000 Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 65W)

AMBIENT

44.4 0.380 0.380

43.0 0.417 0.402

42.0 0.443 0.417

41.0 0.469 0.432

40.0 0.495 0.448

39.0 0.521 0.463

38.0 0.547 0.478

37.0 0.573 0.494

36.0 0.599 0.509

35.0 0.625 0.525

34.0 0.651 0.540

33.0 0.677 0.555

32.0 0.703 0.571

31.0 0.729 0.586

30.0 0.755 0.602

29.0 0.782 0.617

28.0 0.808 0.632

27.0 0.834 0.648

26.0 0.860 0.663

25.0 0.886 0.678

24.0 0.912 0.694

23.0 0.938 0.709

22.0 0.964 0.725

21.0 0.990 0.740

20.0 1.016 0.755

19.0 1.042 0.771

Notes:

1. The ambient temperature is measured at the inlet to the processor thermal solution.

2. This column can be expressed as a function of T = 0.38 + (44.4 - T

3. This column can be expressed as a function of T = 0.38 + (44.4 - T

AMBIENT

) x 0.0261

) x 0.015



DTS = T

AMBIENT

CONTROL

for the Intel® Core™ i7-2000

by the following equation:

CONTROL

for the Intel® Core™ i7-2000

by the following equation:



DTS = -1



DTS = -1

Core™ i3-

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 49

Thermal Specifications

Table 6-8. Thermal Solution Performance above T

Desktop Processor Series (Quad Core 45W)

AMBIENT

48.2 0.480 0.480

47.0 0.525 0.507

46.0 0.563 0.529

45.0 0.601 0.551

44.0 0.638 0.573

43.0 0.676 0.596

42.0 0.714 0.618

41.0 0.751 0.640

40.0 0.789 0.662

39.0 0.827 0.684

38.0 0.864 0.707

37.0 0.902 0.729

36.0 0.940 0.751

35.0 0.977 0.773

34.0 1.015 0.796

33.0 1.053 0.818

32.0 1.090 0.840

31.0 1.128 0.862

30.0 1.165 0.884

29.0 1.203 0.907

28.0 1.241 0.929

27.0 1.278 0.951

26.0 1.316 0.973

25.0 1.354 0.996

24.0 1.391 1.018

23.0 1.429 1.040



DTS = T

CONTROL

for the Intel® Core™ i5-2000



DTS = -1

Notes:

1. The ambient temperature is measured at the inlet to the processor thermal solution.

2. This column can be expressed as a function of T Y

3. This colu4n can be expressed as a function of T

= 0.48 + (48.2 - T

AMBIENT

) x 0.0377

) x 0.0222

by the following equation:

AMBIENT

by the following equation:

AMBIENT

50 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

Table 6-9. Thermal Solution Performance above T

and i3-2000 Desktop Processor Series (Dual Core 35W)

AMBIENT

48.2 0.480 0.480

47.0 0.538 0.514

46.0 0.587 0.543

45.0 0.635 0.571

44.0 0.683 0.600

43.0 0.732 0.629

42.0 0.780 0.657

41.0 0.829 0.686

40.0 0.877 0.714

39.0 0.926 0.743

38.0 0.974 0.771

37.0 1.022 0.800

36.0 1.071 0.829

35.0 1.119 0.857

34.0 1.168 0.886

33.0 1.216 0.914

32.0 1.265 0.943

31.0 1.313 0.971

30.0 1.361 1.000

29.0 1.410 1.029

28.0 1.458 1.057

27.0 1.507 1.086

26.0 1.555 1.114

25.0 1.603 1.143

24.0 1.652 1.171

23.0 1.700 1.200



DTS = T

CONTROL

for the Intel® Core™ i5-2000



DTS = -1

Notes:

1. The ambient temperature is measured at the inlet to the processor thermal solution.

2. This column can be expressed as a function of T Y

= 0.48 + (48.2 - T

3. This column can be expressed as a function of T

= 0.48 + (48.2 - T

AMBIENT

) x 0.0484

) x 0.0286

by the following equation:

AMBIENT

by the following equation:

AMBIENT

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 51

6.1.6 Thermal Metrology

37.5

Measure T

CASE

the geometric

center of the

package

Thermal Specifications

The maximum TTV case temperatures (T appropriate TTV thermal profile earlier in this chapter. The TTV T geometric top center of the TTV integrated heat spreader (IHS). Figure 6-5 illustrates the location where T

temperature measurements should be made. See Figure B-12

CASE

for drawing showing the thermocouple attach to the TTV package.

Figure 6-5. TTV Case Temperature (T

CASE-MAX

) Measurement Location

CASE

) can be derived from the data in the

is measured at the

CASE

Note: The following supplier can machine the groove and attach a thermocouple to the IHS.

The supplier is listed below as a convenience to Intel’s general customers and the list may be subject to change without notice. THERM-X OF CALIFORNIA Inc, 3200 Investment Blvd, Hayward, Ca 94545. Ernesto B Valencia +1-510-441-7566 Ext. 242 ernestov@therm-x.com. The vendor part number is XTMS1565.

52 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

6.2 Processor Thermal Features

6.2.1 Processor Temperature

A new feature in the processors is a software readable field in the IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET register that contains the minimum temperature at which the TCC will be activated and PROCHOT# will be asserted. The TCC activation temperature is calibrated on a part-by-part basis and normal factory variation may result in the actual TCC activation temperature being higher than the value listed in the register. TCC activation temperatures may change based on processor stepping, frequency or manufacturing efficiencies.

6.2.2 Adaptive Thermal Monitor

The Adaptive Thermal Monitor feature provides an enhanced method for controlling the processor temperature when the processor silicon exceeds the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activation temperature. Adaptive Thermal Monitor uses TCC activation to reduce processor power via a combination of methods. The first method (Frequency/VID control, similar to Thermal Monitor 2 (TM2) in previous generation processors) involves the processor reducing its operating frequency (via the core ratio multiplier) and input voltage (via the VID signals). This combination of lower frequency and VID results in a reduction of the processor power consumption. The second method (clock modulation, known as Thermal Monitor 1 or TM1 in previous generation processors) reduces power consumption by modulating (starting and stopping) the internal processor core clocks. The processor intelligently selects the appropriate TCC method to use on a dynamic basis. BIOS is not required to select a specific method (as with previous-generation processors supporting TM1 or TM2). The temperature at which Adaptive Thermal Monitor activates the Thermal Control Circuit is factory calibrated and is not user configurable. Snooping and interrupt processing are performed in the normal manner while the TCC is active.

When the TCC activation temperature is reached, the processor will initiate TM2 in attempt to reduce its temperature. If TM2 is unable to reduce the processor temperature, then TM1 will be also be activated. TM1 and TM2 will work together (clocks will be modulated at the lowest frequency ratio) to reduce power dissipation and temperature.

With a properly designed and characterized thermal solution, it is anticipated that the TCC would only be activated for very short periods of time when running the most power intensive applications. The processor performance impact due to these brief periods of TCC activation is expected to be so minor that it would be immeasurable. An under-designed thermal solution that is not able to prevent excessive activation of the TCC in the anticipated ambient environment may cause a noticeable performance loss, and in some cases may result in a T temperature and may affect the long-term reliability of the processor. In addition, a thermal solution that is significantly under-designed may not be capable of cooling the processor even when the TCC is active continuously. Refer to the appropriate Thermal Mechanical Design Guidelines for information on designing a compliant thermal solution.

The Thermal Monitor does not require any additional hardware, software drivers, or interrupt handling routines. The following sections provide more details on the different TCC mechanisms used by the processor.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 53

that exceeds the specified maximum

CASE

6.2.2.1 Frequency/VID Control

When the Digital Temperature Sensor (DTS) reaches a value of 0 (DTS temperatures reported via PECI may not equal zero when PROCHOT# is activated, see

Section 6.2.2.5 for further details), the TCC will be activated and the PROCHOT# signal

will be asserted. This indicates the processors' temperature has met or exceeded the factory calibrated trip temperature and it will take action to reduce the temperature.

Upon activation of the TCC, the processor will stop the core clocks, reduce the core ratio multiplier by 1 ratio and restart the clocks. All processor activity stops during this frequency transition which occurs within 2 us. Once the clocks have been restarted at the new lower frequency, processor activity resumes while the voltage requested by the VID lines is stepped down to the minimum possible for the particular frequency. Running the processor at the lower frequency and voltage will reduce power consumption and should allow the processor to cool off. If after 1ms the processor is still too hot (the temperature has not dropped below the TCC activation point, DTS still = 0 and PROCHOT is still active), then a second frequency and voltage transition will take place. This sequence of temperature checking and Frequency/VID reduction will continue until either the minimum frequency has been reached or the processor temperature has dropped below the TCC activation point.

If the processor temperature remains above the TCC activation point even after the minimum frequency has been reached, then clock modulation (described below) at that minimum frequency will be initiated.

Thermal Specifications

There is no end user software or hardware mechanism to initiate this automated TCC activation behavior.

A small amount of hysteresis has been included to prevent rapid active/inactive transitions of the TCC when the processor temperature is near the TCC activation temperature. Once the temperature has dropped below the trip temperature, and the hysteresis timer has expired, the operating frequency and voltage transition back to the normal system operating point via the intermediate VID/frequency points. Transition of the VID code will occur first, to insure proper operation as the frequency is increased. Refer to Figure 6-6 for an illustration of this ordering.

54 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

Temperature

MAX

VIDf

MAX

VID

Frequency

VIDf

PROCHOT#

Temperature

MAX

VIDf

MAX

VID

Frequency

VIDf

PROCHOT#

Figure 6-6. Frequency and Voltage Ordering

6.2.2.2 Clock Modulation

Clock modulation is a second method of thermal control available to the processor. Clock modulation is performed by rapidly turning the clocks off and on at a duty cycle that should reduce power dissipation by about 50% (typically a 30-50% duty cycle). Clocks often will not be off for more than 32 microseconds when the TCC is active. Cycle times are independent of processor frequency. The duty cycle for the TCC, when activated by the Thermal Monitor, is factory configured and cannot be modified.

It is possible for software to initiate clock modulation with configurable duty cycles.

A small amount of hysteresis has been included to prevent rapid active/inactive transitions of the TCC when the processor temperature is near its maximum operating temperature. Once the temperature has dropped below the maximum operating temperature, and the hysteresis timer has expired, the TCC goes inactive and clock modulation ceases.

6.2.2.3 Immediate Transition to combined TM1 and TM2

As mentioned above, when the TCC is activated the processor will sequentially step down the ratio multipliers and VIDs in an attempt to reduce the silicon temperature. If the temperature continues to increase and exceeds the TCC activation temperature by approximately 5 the processor will immediately transition to the combined TM1/TM2 condition. The processor will remain in this state until the temperature has dropped below the TCC activation point. Once below the TCC activation temperature, TM1 will be discontinued and TM2 will be exited by stepping up to the appropriate ratio/VID state.

C before the lowest ratio/VID combination has been reached, then

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 55

6.2.2.4 Critical Temperature Flag

If TM2 is unable to reduce the processor temperature, then TM1 will be also be activated. TM1 and TM2 will then work together to reduce power dissipation and temperature. It is expected that only a catastrophic thermal solution failure would create a situation where both TM1 and TM2 are active.

If TM1 and TM2 have both been active for greater than 20ms and the processor temperature has not dropped below the TCC activation point, then the Critical Temperature Flag in the IA32_THERM_STATUS MSR will be set. This flag is an indicator of a catastrophic thermal solution failure and that the processor cannot reduce its temperature. Unless immediate action is taken to resolve the failure, the processor will probably reach the Thermtrip temperature (see Section 6.2.3 Thermtrip Signal) within a short time. In order to prevent possible permanent silicon damage, Intel recommends removing power from the processor within ½ second of the Critical Temperature Flag being set

6.2.2.5 PROCHOT# Signal

An external signal, PROCHOT# (processor hot), is asserted when the processor core temperature has exceeded its specification. If Adaptive Thermal Monitor is enabled (note it must be enabled for the processor to be operating within specification), the TCC will be active when PROCHOT# is asserted.

The processor can be configured to generate an interrupt upon the assertion or deassertion of PROCHOT#.

Although the PROCHOT# signal is an output by default, it may be configured as bidirectional. When configured in bi-directional mode, it is either an output indicating the processor has exceeded its TCC activation temperature or it can be driven from an external source (such as, a voltage regulator) to activate the TCC. The ability to activate the TCC via PROCHOT# can provide a means for thermal protection of system components.

As an output, PROCHOT# (Processor Hot) will go active when the processor temperature monitoring sensor detects that one or more cores has reached its maximum safe operating temperature. This indicates that the processor Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) has been activated, if enabled. As an input, assertion of PROCHOT# by the system will activate the TCC for all cores. TCC activation when PROCHOT# is asserted by the system will result in the processor immediately transitioning to the minimum frequency and corresponding voltage (using Freq/VID control). Clock modulation is not activated in this case. The TCC will remain active until the system de-asserts PROCHOT#.

Use of PROCHOT# in bi-directional mode can allow VR thermal designs to target maximum sustained current instead of maximum current. Systems should still provide proper cooling for the VR, and rely on PROCHOT# only as a backup in case of system cooling failure. The system thermal design should allow the power delivery circuitry to operate within its temperature specification even while the processor is operating at its Thermal Design Power.

Thermal Specifications

6.2.3 THERMTRIP# Signal

Regardless of whether or not Adaptive Thermal Monitor is enabled, in the event of a catastrophic cooling failure, the processor will automatically shut down when the silicon has reached an elevated temperature (refer to the THERMTRIP# definition in the EDS). At this point, the THERMTRIP# signal will go active and stay active as described in the EDS. THERMTRIP# activation is independent of processor activity. If THERMTRIP# is asserted, processor core voltage (V in EDS. The temperature at which THERMTRIP# asserts is not user configurable and is not software visible.

56 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

) must be removed within the timeframe defined

Thermal Specifications

6.3 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology

Intel® Turbo Boost Technology is a feature that allows the processor to opportunistically and automatically run faster than its rated operating core and/or render clock frequency when there is sufficient power headroom, and the product is within specified temperature and current limits. The Intel feature is designed to increase performance of both multi-threaded and singlethreaded workloads. The processor supports a Turbo mode where the processor can utilize the thermal capacitance associated with the package and run at power levels higher than TDP power for short durations. This improves the system responsiveness for short, bursty usage conditions. The turbo feature needs to be properly enabled by BIOS for the processor to operate with maximum performance. Since the turbo feature is configurable and dependent on many platform design limits outside of the processor control, the maximum performance cannot be guaranteed.

Turbo Mode availability is independent of the number of active cores; however, the Turbo Mode frequency is dynamic and dependent on the instantaneous application power load, the number of active cores, user configurable settings, operating environment and system design. Intel on all SKUs.

Turbo Boost Technology may not be available

6.3.1 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Frequency

Turbo Boost Technology

The processor’s rated frequency assumes that all execution cores are running an application at the Thermal Design Power (TDP). However, under typical operation, not all cores are active. Therefore most applications are consuming less than the TDP at the rated frequency. To take advantage of the available TDP headroom, the active cores can increase their operating frequency.

To determine the highest performance frequency amongst active cores, the processor takes the following into consideration:

• The number of cores operating in the C0 state.

• The estimated current consumption.

• The estimated power consumption.

•The temperature.

Any of these factors can affect the maximum frequency for a given workload. If the power, current, or thermal limit is reached, the processor will automatically reduce the frequency to stay with its TDP limit.

Note: Intel Turbo Boost Technology processor frequencies are only active if the operating

system is requesting the P0 state.

6.3.2 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Graphics Frequency

Graphics render frequency is selected by the processor dynamically based on the graphics workload demand. The processor can optimize both processor and integrated graphics performance through managing total package power. For the integrated graphics, this could mean an increase in the render core frequency (above its base frequency) and increased graphics performance. In addition, the processor core can increase its frequency higher than it would without power sharing.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 57

Thermal Specifications

Enabling Intel® Turbo Boost Technology will maximize the performance of the processor core and the graphics render frequency within the specified package power levels. Compared with previous generation products, Intel will increase the ratio of application power to TDP. Thus, thermal solutions and platform cooling that are designed to less than thermal design guidance might experience thermal and performance issues since more applications will tend to run at the maximum power limit for significant periods of time.

Turbo Boost Technology

6.4 Thermal Considerations

Intel Turbo Boost Technology allows processor cores and Processor Graphics cores to run faster than the baseline frequency. During a turbo event, the processor can exceed its TDP power for brief periods. Turbo is invoked opportunistically and automatically as long as the processor is conforming to its temperature, power delivery, and current specification limits. Thus, thermal solutions and platform cooling that are designed to be less than thermal design guidance may experience thermal and performance issues since more applications will tend to run at or near the maximum power limit for significant periods of time.

6.4.1 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Power Control and Reporting

When operating in the turbo mode, the processor will monitor its own power and adjust the turbo frequency to maintain the average power within limits over a thermally significant time period. The package, processor core, and graphic core powers are estimated using architectural counters and do not rely on any input from the platform.

The behavior of turbo is dictated by the following controls that are accessible using MSR, MMIO, or PECI interfaces:

• POWER_LIMIT_1: TURBO_POWER_LIMIT, MSR 610h, bits 14:0. This value sets

the exponentially weighted moving average power limit over a long time period. This is normally aligned to the TDP of the part and steady-state cooling capability of the thermal solution. This limit may be set lower than TDP, real-time, for specific needs, such as responding to a thermal event. If set lower than TDP, the processor may not be able to honor this limit for all workloads since this control only applies in the turbo frequency range; a very high powered application may exceed POWER_LIMIT_1, even at non-turbo frequencies. The default value is the TDP for the SKU.

• POWER_LIMIT_1_TIME: TURBO _POWER_LIMIT, MSR 610h, bits 23:17. This

value is a time parameter that adjusts the algorithm behavior. The exponentially weighted moving average turbo algorithm will use this parameter to maintain time averaged power at or below POWER_LIMIT_1. The default and recommended is 1 second for desktop applications.

• POWER_LIMIT_2: TURBO_POWER_LIMIT, MSR 610h, bits 46:32. This value

establishes the upper power limit of turbo operation above TDP, primarily for platform power supply considerations. Power may exceed this limit for up to 10 mS. The default for this limit is 1.25 x TDP.

58 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Specifications

System Thermal Response Time

Turbo Algorithm Response Time

The following considerations and limitations apply to the power monitoring feature:

• Calibration applies to the processor family and is not conducted on a part-by-part basis. Therefore, some difference between actual and reported power may be observed.

• Power monitoring is calibrated with a variety of common, realistic workloads near Tj_max. Workloads with power characteristic markedly different from those used during the calibration process or lower temperatures may result in increased differences between actual and estimated power.

• In the event an uncharacterized workload or power “virus” application were to result in exceeding programmed power limits, the processor Thermal Control Circuitry (TCC) will protect the processor when properly enabled. Adaptive Thermal Monitor must be enabled for the processor to remain within specification.

Illustration of Intel Turbo Boost Technology power control is shown in the following sections and figures. Multiple controls operate simultaneously allowing for customization for multiple system thermal and power limitations. These controls allow for turbo optimizations within system constraints.

6.4.2 Package Power Control

The package power control allows for customization to implement optimal turbo within platform power delivery and package thermal solution limitations.

Figure 6-7. Package Power Control

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 59

6.4.3 Power Plane Control

The processor core and graphics core power plane controls allow for customization to implement optimal turbo within voltage regulator thermal limitations. It is possible to use these power plane controls to protect the voltage regulator from overheating due to extended high currents. Power limiting per plane cannot be guaranteed below 1 second and accuracy cannot be guaranteed in all usages. This function is similar to the package level long duration window control.

6.4.4 Turbo Time Parameter

'Turbo Time Parameter' is a mathematical parameter (units in seconds) that controls the processor turbo algorithm using an exponentially weighted moving average of energy usage. During a maximum power turbo event of about 1.25 x TDP, the processor could sustain Power_Limit_2 for up to approximately 1.5 the Turbo Time Parameter. If the power value is changed during runtime, it may take a period of time (possibly up to approximately 3 to 5 times the ‘Turbo Time Parameter’, depending on the magnitude of the change and other factors) for the algorithm to settle at the new control limits.

Thermal Specifications

60 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

PECI Interface

7 PECI Interface

7.1 Platform Environment Control Interface (PECI)

7.1.1 Introduction

PECI uses a single wire for self-clocking and data transfer. The bus requires no additional control lines. The physical layer is a self-clocked one-wire bus that begins each bit with a driven, rising edge from an idle level near zero volts. The duration of the signal driven high depends on whether the bit value is a logic ‘0’ or logic ‘1’. PECI also includes variable data transfer rate established with every message. In this way, it is highly flexible even though underlying logic is simple.

The interface design was optimized for interfacing to Intel processors in both single processor and multiple processor environments. The single wire interface provides low board routing overhead for the multiple load connections in the congested routing area near the processor and chipset components. Bus speed, error checking, and low protocol overhead provides adequate link bandwidth and reliability to transfer critical device operating conditions and configuration information.

The PECI bus offers:

• A wide speed range from 2 Kbps to 2 Mbps

• CRC check byte used to efficiently and atomically confirm accurate data delivery

• Synchronization at the beginning of every message minimizes device timing accuracy requirements.

For desktop temperature monitoring and fan speed control management purposes, the PECI 3.0 commands that are commonly implemented includes Ping(), GetDIB(), GetTemp(), T be implemented by utilizing the RdPkgConfig() command.

CONTROL

and TjMax(TCC) read. The T

CONTROL

7.1.1.1 Fan Speed Control with Digital Thermal Sensor

Processor fan speed control is managed by comparing DTS temperature data against the processor-specific value stored in the static variable, T temperature data is less than T speed of the thermal solution fan. This remains the same as with the previous guidance for fan speed control. Please refer to Section 6.1.3 for guidance where the DTS temperature data exceeds T

The DTS temperature data is delivered over PECI, in response to a GetTemp() command, and reported as a relative value to TCC activation target. The temperature data reported over PECI is always a negative value and represents a delta below the onset of thermal control circuit (TCC) activation, as indicated by the PROCHOT# signal. Therefore, as the temperature approaches TCC activation, the value approaches zero degrees.

CONTROL

, the fan speed control algorithm can reduce the

and TCC read command can

CONTROL

. When the DTS

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 61

PECI Interface

62 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

8 Sensor Based Thermal

Specification Design Guidance

The sensor based thermal specification presents opportunities for the system designer to optimize the acoustics and simplify thermal validation. The sensor based specification utilizes the Digital Thermal Sensor information accessed via the PECI interface.

This chapter will review thermal solution design options, fan speed control design guidance & implementation options and suggestions on validation both with the TTV and the live die in a shipping system.

Note: A new fan speed control implementation scheme is called DTS 1.1 introduced in

Section 8.4.3.

8.1 Sensor Based Specification Overview (DTS 1.0)

Create a thermal specification that meets the following requirements:

• Use Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS) for real-time thermal specification compliance.

• Single point of reference for thermal specification compliance over all operating conditions.

• Does not required measuring processor power & case temperature during functional system thermal validation.

• Opportunity for acoustic benefits for DTS values between T

Thermal specifications based on the processor case temperature have some notable gaps to optimal acoustic design. When the ambient temperature is less than the maximum design point, the fan speed control system (FSC) will over cool the processor. The FSC has no feedback mechanism to detect this over cooling, this is shown in the top half of Figure 8-1.

The sensor based specification will allow the FSC to be operated at the maximum allowable silicon temperature or T acoustics for operation above T

for the measured ambient. This will provide optimal

CONTROL

. See lower half of Figure 8-1.

CONTROL

and -1.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 63

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

Power

Sensor Based Specification (DTS Temp)

TDP

Tcontrol

Ta = 30 C

-ca = 0.564

-ca = 0.448

Power

Current Specification (Case Temp)

TDP

Tcontrol

Ta = 45.1 °C

Ta = 30 °C -ca = 0.292

Power

Sensor Based Specification (DTS Temp)

TDP

Tcontrol

Ta = 30 C

-ca = 0.564

-ca = 0.448

Power

Current Specification (Case Temp)

TDP

Tcontrol

Ta = 45.1 °C

Ta = 30 °C -ca = 0.292

Figure 8-1. Comparison of Case Temperature versus Sensor Based Specification

64 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

TTV Thermal Profile

Y = P ower x 0.29 + 45. 1

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

020406080100

TTV Power (W)

TTV Case Temperature (°C)

8.2 Sensor Based Thermal Specification

The sensor based thermal specification consists of two parts. The first is a thermal profile that defines the maximum TTV T thermal profile defines the boundary conditions for validation of the thermal solution.

as a function of TTV power dissipation. The

CASE

The second part is a defined thermal solution performance ( DTS value as reported over the PECI bus when DTS is greater than T

) as a function of the

CONTROL

. This defines the operational limits for the processor using the TTV validated thermal solution.

8.2.1 TTV Thermal Profile

For the sensor based specification, the only reference made to a case temperature measurement is on the TTV. Functional thermal validation will not require the user to apply a thermocouple to the processor package or measure processor power.

Note: All functional compliance testing will be based on fan speed response to the reported

DTS values above T will be necessary.

A knowledge of the system boundary conditions is necessary to perform the heatsink validation. Section 8.3.1 will provide more detail on defining the boundary conditions. The TTV is placed in the socket and powered to the recommended value to simulate the TDP condition. See Figure 8-2 for an example of the Intel desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W) TTV thermal profile.

Figure 8-2. Intel

Thermal Profile

CONTROL

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W)

. As a result, no conversion of TTV T

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000

to processor T

CASE

Note: This graph is provided as a reference, the complete thermal specification is in

Chapter 6.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 65

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

0.550

0.600

0.650

0.700

DTS = Tcontrol DTS = -1

TTV Theta_ca [C/W]

Ta = 40 °C Ta = 35 °C Ta = 30 °C Ta = 25 °C

8.2.2 Specification When DTS value is Greater than T

The product specification provides a table of CA values at DTS = T DTS = -1 as a function of T

AMBIENT

points, a linear interpolation can be done for any DTS value reported by the processor. A copy of the specification is provided as a reference in Tab l e 8 - 3 of Section 8.6.

The fan speed control algorithm has enough information using only the DTS value and T

AMBIENT

to command the thermal solution to provide just enough cooling to keep the

part on the thermal profile.

As an example, the data in Tabl e 8 - 3 has been plotted in Figure 8-3 to show the required 

at 25, 30, 35 and 40°C T

required CA which means lower fan speeds and reduced acoustics from the processor thermal solution.

In the prior thermal specifications this region, DTS values greater than T defined by the processor thermal profile. This required the user to estimate the processor power and case temperature. Neither of these two data points are accessible in real time for the fan speed control system. As a result, the designer had to assume the worst case T

AMBIENT

and drive the fans to accommodate that boundary condition.

Figure 8-3. Thermal solution Performance

(inlet to heatsink). Between these two defined

AMBIENT

. The lower the ambient, the higher the

CONTROL

and

CONTROL

, was

TTV Ψ_ca @

8.3 Thermal Solution Design Process

Thermal solution design guidance for this specification is the same as with previous products. The initial design needs to take into account the target market and overall product requirements for the system. This can be broken down into several steps:

66 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

• Boundary condition definition

• Thermal design / modelling

•Thermal testing.

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

8.3.1 Boundary Condition Definition

Using the knowledge of the system boundary conditions (such as inlet air temperature, acoustic requirements, cost, design for manufacturing, package and socket mechanical specifications and chassis environmental test limits) the designer can make informed thermal solution design decisions.

For the Intel the thermal boundary conditions for an ATX tower system are as follows:

•T

EXTERNAL

•T

RISE

•T

AMBIENT

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W)

= 35 °C. This is typical of a maximum system operating environment

= 5 °C. This is typical of a chassis compliant to CAG 1.1 or TAC 2.0

= 40 °C (T

AMBIENT

= T

EXTERNAL

+ T

RISE

)

Based on the system boundary conditions, the designer can select a T to use in thermal modelling. The assumption of a T the required  assumed T

needed to meet TTV T

AMBIENT

can utilize a design with ahigher CA, which can have a lower cost.

Figure 8-4 shows a number of satisfactory solutions for the Intel® Core™ i7-2000 and

i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W).

Note: If the assumed T

thermal solution performance may not be sufficient to meet the product requirements.

AMBIENT

is inappropriate for the intended system environment, the

The results may be excessive noise from fans having to operate at a speed higher than intended. In the worst case this can lead to performance loss with excessive activation of the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC).

Figure 8-4. Example: Required CA for Various T

CASEMAX

AMBIENT

and CA

AMBIENT

has a significant impact on

AMBIENT

at TDP. A system that can deliver lower

Conditions

Note: If an ambient of greater than 45.1 °C is necessary based on the boundary conditions a

thermal solution with a 

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 67

lower than 0.29 °C/W will be required.

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

8.3.2 Thermal Design and Modelling

Based on the boundary conditions, the designer can now make the design selection of the thermal solution components. The major components that can be mixed are the fan, fin geometry, heat pipe or air cooled solid core design. There are cost and acoustic trade-offs the customer can make.

To aide in the design process Intel provides TTV thermal models. Please consult your Intel Field Sales Engineer for these tools.

8.3.3 Thermal Solution Validation

8.3.3.1 Test for Compliance to the TTV Thermal Profile

This step is the same as previously suggested for prior products. The thermal solution is mounted on a test fixture with the TTV and tested at the following conditions:

• TTV is powered to the TDP condition

• Thermal solution fan operating at full speedMaximum airlflow through heatsink

•T

AMBIENT

at the boundary condition from Section 8.3.1

The following data is collected: TTV power, TTV T

CASE

and T

AMBIENT

. and used to

calculate CA which is defined as:

CA = (TTV T

CASE

- T

AMBIENT

) / Power

This testing is best conducted on a bench to eliminate as many variables as possible when assessing the thermal solution performance. The boundary condition analysis as described in Section 8.3.1 should help in making the bench test simpler to perform.

8.3.3.2 Thermal Solution Characterization for Fan Speed Control

The final step in thermal solution validation is to establish the thermal solution performance,CA and acoustics as a function of fan speed. This data is necessary to allow the fan speed control algorithm developer to program the device. It also is needed to asses the expected acoustic impact of the processor thermal solution in the system.

The characterization data should be taken over the operating range of the fan. Using the RCBF7-1156 (DHA-A) as the example the fan is operational from 900 to 3150 RPM. The data was collected at several points and a curve was fit to the data, see Figure 8-5. Taking data at 6 evenly distributed fan speeds over the operating range should provide enough data to establish an equation. By using the equation from the curve fitting, a complete set of required fan speeds as a function of  from the reference thermal solution characterization are provided in Tabl e 8 - 3 .

The fan speed control device may modulate the thermal solution fan speed (RPM) by one of two methods. The first and preferred is pulse width modulation (PWM) signal compliant to the 4-Wire Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Controlled Fans specification. The alternative is varying the input voltage to the fan. As a result the characterization data needs to also correlate the RPM to PWM or voltage to the thermal solution fan. The fan speed algorithm developer needs to associate the output command from the fan speed control device with the required thermal solution performance as stated in

Tab l e 8- 3 . Regardless of which control method is used, the term RPM will be used to

indicate required fan speed in the rest of this document.

can be developed. The results

68 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

RPM vs. Measured Thermal Performance

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

RPM

Psi-ca (°C/W)

Note: When selecting a thermal solution from a thermal vendor, the characterization data

should be requested directly from them as a part of their thermal solution collateral.

Figure 8-5. Thermal Solution Performance versus Fan Speed

Note: This data is taken from the preliminary evaluation of the validation of the RCBF7-1156

(DHA-A) reference processor thermal solution. The 

Ta b le 8 - 3 at the end of this chapter.

versus RPM data is available in

8.4 Fan Speed Control (FSC) Design Process

The next step is to incorporate the thermal solution characterization data into the algorithms for the device controlling the fans.

As a reminder the requirements are:

• When the DTS value is at or below T with prior processors.

•When DTS is above T

CA versus RPM to achieve the necessary level of cooling.

DTS 1.1 provides another option to do fan speed control without the Tambient data. Please refer to Section 8.4.3 for more details.This chapter will discuss two implementations. The first is a FSC system that is not provided the T information and a FSC system that is provided data on the current T method will result in a thermally compliant solution and some acoustic benefit by operating the processor closer to the thermal profile. But only the T system can fully utilize the specification for optimized acoustic performance.

In the development of the FSC algorithm it should be noted that the T expected to change at a significantly slower rate than the DTS value. The DTS value will be driven by the workload on the processor and the thermal solution will be required to respond to this much more rapidly than the changes in T

CONTROL

, FSC algorithms will use knowledge of T

, the fans can be slowed down - just as

and

. Either

aware FSC

AMBIENT

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 69

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

An additional consideration in establishing the fan speed curves is to account for the thermal interface material performance degradation over time.

8.4.1 Fan Speed Control Algorithm without T

In a system that does not provide the FSC algorithm with the T designer must make the following assumption:

• When the DTS value is greater than T

CONTROL

derived in Section 8.3.1.

This is consistent past FSC guidance from Intel, to accelerate the fan to full speed when the DTS value is greater than T specification at DTS = T

CONTROL

can reduce some of the over cooling of the processor

. As will be shown below, the DTS thermal

and provide an acoustic noise reduction from the processor thermal solution.

In this example the following assumptions are made:

•T

AMBIENT

= 40 °C

• Thermal Solution designed / validated to a 40 °C environment

•T

CONTROL

= -20

• Reference processor thermal solution (RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A))

•Below T

CONTROL

For a processor specification based on a T equal to or greater than T

the fan speed is slowed down as in prior products

CASE

CONTROL

, the fan speed must be accelerated to full speed. For the reference thermal solution, full speed is 3150 RPM (dashed line in Figure 8-6). The DTS thermal specification defines a required  RPM. This is much less than full speed even when assuming the T line in Figure 8-6). The shaded area displayed in Figure 8-6 is where DTS values are less than T

CONTROL

. For simplicity, the graph shows a linear acceleration of the fans from T

CONTROL

- 10 to T

CONTROL

as has been Intel’s guidance for simple fan speed control

algorithms.

, the T

AMBIENT

thermal profile, when the DTS value is

at T

CONTROL

AMBIENT

Data

information, the

AMBIENT

is at boundary condition

and the fan speed is 2300

AMBIENT

= 40 °C (solid

As the processor workload continues to increase, the DTS value will increase and the FSC algorithm will linearly increase the fan speed from the 2300 RPM at DTS = -20 to full speed at DTS value = -1.

70 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

Figure 8-6. Fan Response Without T

AMBIENT

Data

8.4.2 Fan Speed Control Algorithm with T

In a system where the FSC algorithm has access to the T capable of using the data the benefits of the DTS thermal specification become more striking.

AMBIENT

Data

information and is

As will be demonstrated below, there is still over cooling of the processor, even when compared to a nominally ambient aware thermal solution equipped with a thermistor. An example of these thermal solutions are the RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A) or the boxed processor thermal solutions. This over cooling translates into acoustic margin that can be used in the overall system acoustic budget.

In this example the following assumptions are made:

•T

AMBIENT

= 35 °C

• The same Thermal Solution designed / validated to a 40 °C environment as used in the example in Section 8.4.1

•T

CONTROL

• FSC device has access to T

= -20

AMBIENT

data

• Reference processor thermal solution (RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A))

•Below T

CONTROL

For a processor specification based on a T equal to or greater than T for the T

AMBIENT

the fan speed is slowed down as in prior products

thermal profile, when the DTS value is

CASE

CONTROL

, the fan speed is accelerated to maximum fan speed

as controlled by the thermistor in thermal solution. For the RCFH71156 (DHA-A), this would be about 2150 RPM at 35 °C. This is graphically displayed as the dashed line in Figure 8-7.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 71

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

This is an improvement over the ambient unaware system but is not fully optimized for acoustic benefit. The DTS thermal specification required CA and therefore the fan speed in this scenario is 1500 RPM. This is less than thermistor controlled speed of 2150 RPM - even if the assumption is a T

AMBIENT

= 35 °C. This is graphically displayed

in Figure 8-7.

The shaded area displayed in Figure 8-7 is where DTS values are less than T For simplicity the graph shows a linear acceleration of the fans from T T

CONTROL

as has been Intel’s guidance for simple fan speed control algorithms.

As the processor workload continues to increase, the DTS value will increase and the FSC algorithm will linearly increase the fan speed from the 1500 RPM at DTS = -20 to 2150 RPM at DTS value = -1.

Figure 8-7. Fan Response with T

AMBIENT

Aware FSC

CONTROL

- 10 to

72 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

8.4.3 DTS 1.1 A New Fan Speed Control Algorithm without T

AMBIENT

In most system designs incorporating processor ambient inlet data in fan speed control adds design and validation complexity with a possible BOM cost impact to the system. A new fan speed control methodology is introduced to improve system acoustics without needing the processor inlet ambient information.

Data

The DTS 1.1 implementation consists of two parts, a  a 

point at DTS = -1.

The 

point at DTS = -1 defines the minimum CA required at TDP considering the

requirement at T

CONTROL

and

worst case system design Tambient design point:

CA = (T

CASE_max

- T

Ambient target

) / TDP

For example, for a 95 TDP part, the Tcase max is 72.6C and at a worst case design point of 40C local ambient this will result in

CA = (72.6 - 40) / 95 = 0.34 C/W

Similarly for a system with a design target of 45 C ambient the 

at DTS = -1 needed

will be 0.29 C/W.

The second point defines the thermal solution performance (

Ta b le 8 - 1 lists the required 

for various TDP processors.

) at T

CONTROL

These two points define the operational limits for the processor for DTS 1.1 implementation. At T



is better than or equivalent to the required CA listed in Tab l e 8 - 1. Similarly the fan

CONTROL

the fan speed must be programed such that the resulting

speed should be set at DTS = -1 such that the thermal solution performance is better



than or equivalent to the

requirements at Tambient_Max. Based on the processor

temperature, the fan speed controller must linearly change the fan speed from DTS = T

CONTROL

to DTS = -1 between these points. Figure 8-8 gives a visual description on

DTS 1.1.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 73

Figure 8-8. DTS 1.1 Definition Points

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

Table 8-1. DTS 1.1 Thermal Solution Performance above T



Processor TDP

DTS = T

CONTROL

1,2

95W 0.564 0.343 0.291 0.238

65W 0.755 0.448 0.371 0.294

45W 1.165 0.662 0.551 0.440

35W 1.361 0.714 0.571 0.429

Notes:

1. 

2. Example, For A Chassis Trise assumption of 12 C for a 95W TDP processor.

at “DTS = T

cooling fan inlet) of less than 10 C. In case your expected Trise is grater than 10 C a correction factor should be used as explained below. For each 1 deg C Trise above 10C, the correction factor CF is defined as CF= 1.7 / Processor_TDP.

CF = 1.7/95W = 0.018/C For Trise > 10 C

CA at Tcontrol = Value listed in Column_2 - (Trise - 10) * CF CA = 0564 - (12 - 10) * 0.018 =0.528 C/W

In this case the fan speed should be set slightly higher equivalent to YCA=0.528C/W

” is applicable to systems that has Internal Trise (Troom temperature to Processor

control

DTS = -1

At System

ambient_max=

40C

CONTROL



DTS = -1

At System

ambient_max =

45C



DTS = -1

At System

ambient_max =

50C

74 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

8.4.4 Fan Speed Control Implementation Details

Most fan controllers allow programming a few “temperature versus PWM” or “temperature v.s RPM” points for fan speed control and do a linear interpolation

between the points. Using Ta b le 8 - 1 determine the  at DTS = -1. From the thermal solution performance characteristics (RPM versus find equivalent RPM and PWM. Tab l e 8 - 2 give an example of how a fan speed control table may look like for processor cooling needs. DTS 1.1 only specify the thermal performance needed at T

CONTROL

and at DTS = -1. All the other points can be defined

as needed based on rest of the platform cooling needs.

requirements at T

CONTROL

and



CA)

Table 8-2. Fan Speed control example for 95W TDP processor

DTS values

DTS = -59 40C ... 20% 1000

DTS = -39 60C ... 30% 1050

... ... ... ... ...

DTS = -20 79C 0.564 40% 1100

DTS = -1 98C 0.343 100% 3150

Calculated Tj

(assuming

TjMax = 99C)



Example PWM% Example RPM

Notes:

1. This table is for illustration purposes only. PWM% and RPM numbers will vary based on system thermal

solution for the required



targets.

For a typical chassis that has Trise lower than 10C, based on the reference thermal solution data, a fan speed of 1050 RPM will give the needed CA at T maximum fan speed of 3150 RPM will be programmed for DTS = -1. As the processor workload continues to increase the DTS value will increase and the FSC algorithm will linearly increase the fan speed from the 1050 RPM at DTS = -20 to fans full speed at DTS = -1.

Figure 8-9 shows a comparison chart from this tool for various fan speed control

options including DTS 1.1.

In this example the following assumptions are made:

•Operating T

AMBIENT

= 35 °C

• Thermal Solution designed / validated to a 40 °C ambient max as used in the example in Section 8.4.1 Reference processor thermal solution (RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A))

•T

CONTROL

• For DTS 1.0 the FSC device has access to T

•Below T

= -20

CONTROL

AMBIENT

data

the fan speed is slowed down to minimum as in prior products

• Power = 75W with all cores active

CONTROL

. A

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 75

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

In Figure 8-9, the red line represents the DTS 1.1 fan speed control implementation. At 75W the fans will be ~ 1600 RPM keeping the Tj at ~ 89C. Blue line represent DTS 1.0 with ambient sensor. The fans with DTS 1.0 will be roughly at the same speed ~ 1650 RPM resulting in Tj at ~ 88 C. The Golden line represents the fan speed control option where fan ramps to keep the Tj at T

CONTROL

case with overcooling to CPU to Tj of ~ 81 C. Below T

. Fan will be running full speed in this

CONTROL

, the designer can set the

fan speed to minimum or as desired by other system cooling needs.

Figure 8-9. Fan Response Comparison with Various Fan Speed Control Options

Notes:

1. Tj is the CPU temperatuers and can be calulated from relative DTS value (PECI) and TjMax register. Tj = DTS + TjMax(register)

8.5 System Validation

System validation should focus on ensuring the fan speed control algorithm is responding appropriately to the DTS values and T

AMBIENT

well as any other device being monitored for thermal compliance.

Since the processor thermal solution has already been validated using the TTV to the thermal specifications at the predicted T

AMBIENT

, additional TTV based testing in the

chassis is not necessary.

Once the heatsink has been demonstrated to meet the TTV Thermal Profile, it should be evaluated on a functional system at the boundary conditions.

76 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

data in the case of DTS 1.0 as

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

In the system under test and Power/Thermal Utility Software set to dissipate the TDP workload confirm the following item:

• Verify if there is TCC activity by instrumenting the PROCHOT# signal from the processor. TCC activation in functional application testing is unlikely with a compliant thermal solution. Some very high power applications might activate TCC for short intervals this is normal.

• Verify fan speed response is within expectations - actual RPM ( with DTS temperature and T

• Verify RPM versus PWM command (or voltage) output from the FSC device is within expectations.

• Perform sensitivity analysis to asses impact on processor thermal solution performance and acoustics for the following:

— Other fans in the system. — Other thermal loads in the system.

In the same system under test, run real applications that are representative of the expected end user usage model and verify the following:

• Verify fan speed response versus expectations as done using Power/Thermal Utility SW.

• Validate system boundary condition assumptions: Trise, venting locations, other thermal loads and adjust models / design as required.

AMBIENT

) is consistent

8.6 Thermal Solution Characterization

Ta b le 8 - 3 is early engineering data on the RCBF7-1156 (DHA-A) thermal solution as a

reference for the development of thermal solutions and the fan speed control algorithm.

Table 8-3. Thermal Solution Performance above T



DTS = T

CONTROL

AMBIENT

45.1 0.290 N/A 0.290 N/A

44.0 0.310 N/A 0.301 N/A

43.0 0.328 N/A 0.312 N/A

42.0 0.346 2950 0.322 N/A

41.0 0.364 2600 0.333 N/A

40.0 0.383 2300 0.343 3150

39.0 0.401 2100 0.354 2750

38.0 0.419 1900 0.364 2600

37.0 0.437 1750 0.375 2400

36.0 0.455 1650 0.385 2250

35.0 0.473 1500 0.396 2150

34.0 0.491 1400 0.406 2050

33.0 0.510 1350 0.417 1900

32.0 0.528 1200 0.427 1850

31.0 0.546 1150 0.438 1750

30.0 0.564 1050 0.448 1650

29.0 0.582 1000 0.459 1600

DTS = T

RPM for CA at

CONTROL

(Sheet 1 of 2)



DTS = -1

RPM for CA at

DTS = -1

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 77

Sensor Based Thermal Specification Design Guidance

Table 8-3. Thermal Solution Performance above T

AMBIENT

DTS = T

CONTROL

RPM for CA at

DTS = T

CONTROL



28.0 0.600 1000 0.469 1550

27.0 0.618 1000 0.480 1450

26.0 0.637 1000 0.491 1400

25.0 0.655 1000 0.501 1350

24.0 0.673 1000 0.512 1300

23.0 0.691 1000 0.522 1250

22.0 0.709 1000 0.533 1200

21.0 0.727 1000 0.543 1150

20.0 0.746 1000 0.554 1100

Notes:

1. The ambient temperature is measured at the inlet to the processor thermal solution

2. This column can be expressed as a function of T

3. This column can be expressed as a function of T

4. This table is provided as a reference please consult the product specification for current values.

5. Based on the testing performed a curve was fit to the data in the form

6. Full Speed of 3150 RPM the DHA-A thermal solution delivers a 

7. Minimum speed is limited to 1000 RPM to ensure cooling of other system components

= 0.29 + (45.1 - T



= 0.29 + (45.1 - T



Psi_ca = a x RPM a = -1.53 E-11, b = 1.41 E-07, c = -0.00048, d = 0.925782

+b x RPM2+c x RPM + d, where:

AMBIENT

) x 0.0181

) x 0.0105

testing.

AMBIENT

CONTROL

(Sheet 2 of 2)



DTS = -1

by the following equation:

= 0.335 °C /W based on preliminary

RPM for CA at

DTS = -1

78 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

9 ATX Reference Thermal

Solution

Note: The reference thermal mechanical solution information shown in this document

represents the current state of the data and may be subject to modification.The information represents design targets, not commitments by Intel.

The design strategy is to use the design concepts from the prior Intel Bifurcated Fin Heatsink Reference Design (Intel® RCBFH Reference Design) designed

originally for the Intel

Pentium® 4 processors.

This chapter describes the overall requirements for the ATX heatsink reference thermal solution supporting the processors including critical-to-function dimensions, operating environment, and validation criteria.

9.1 Heatsink Thermal Solution

The reference thermal solutions are active fan solution similar to the prior designs for the Intel® Pentium® 4 and Intel® Core™2 Duo processors. There are two designs being enabled. The first is called RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A) which is a universal design supporting the Intel second is called the RCFH6-1156 (DHA-B) which only supports the Intel® Core™ i72000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 65W) and Intel® Core™ i32000 desktop processor series (Dual Core 65W).

Table 9-1. Reference Thermal Solutions

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop processor series (Quad Core 95W). The

Radial Curved

Thermal Solution Name Processor

Intel

RCFH7-1156 (DHA-A)

RCFH6-1156 (DHA-B)

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop

processor series (Quad Core 95W)

Intel

Core™ i7-2000 and i5-2000 desktop

processor series (Quad Core 65W)

Core™ i3-2000 desktop processor

Intel

series (Dual Core 65W)

The two solutions are very similar. They both use an approximately 25 mm (1 inch) tall aluminum extrusion, integrated fan and molded plastic housing. The notable difference is the RCFH7-1156 has copper core to support the higher TDP as compared to the aluminum core of the RCFH6-1156. Theses designs integrate the metal clip used in prior reference designs into a molded assembly that includes the fan motor housing and wire guard. Figure 9-1 shows the reference thermal solution assembly. The heat sink attaches to the motherboard with the push pin fastener design from previous reference designs, see Figure B-6 through Figure B-9 for details on the push pin fastener design.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 79

Figure 9-1. ATX Heatsink Reference Design Assembly

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

80 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

27.00mm Maximum Component Hei gh t (3 places)

10.10m m Maximum Component Height (5 places)

2.07mm Maximum Component Height (1 place)

1.20mm Maximum Component Height (1 place)

2.50mm Maximum

Component Height

(6 places)

26. 00m m Ma xi m u m Component Heigh t (3 places)

1.6 mm Maximum Component Height (2 places)

27.00mm Maximum Component Hei gh t (3 places)

10.10m m Maximum Component Height (5 places)

2.07mm Maximum Component Height (1 place)

1.20mm Maximum Component Height (1 place)

2.50mm Maximum

Component Height

(6 places)

26. 00m m Ma xi m u m Component Heigh t (3 places)

1.6 mm Maximum Component Height (2 places)

9.2 Geometric Envelope for the Intel Reference ATX Thermal Mechanical Design

Figure 9-2 shows a 3-D representation of the board component keep out for the

reference ATX thermal solution. A fully dimensioned drawing of the keep-out information is available at Figure B-1 and Figure B-2 in Appendix B. A PDF version of these drawings is available as well as a 3-D IGES model of the board level keep out zone is available. Contact your field sales representative for these documents.

Figure 9-2. ATX KOZ 3-D Model Primary (Top) Side

Note: All Maximum Component Heights are post reflow / assembly

Note: The maximum height of the reference thermal solution (in Figure 9-2) above the

motherboard is 46.00 mm [1.81 inches], and is compliant with the motherboard

primary side height constraints defined in the ATX Specification and the microATX Motherboard Interface Specification found at http://www.formfactors.org.

The reference solution requires a chassis obstruction height of at least 81.30 mm [3.20 inches], measured from the top of the motherboard. This allows for appropriate fan inlet airflow to ensure fan performance, and therefore overall cooling solution

performance. This is compliant with the recommendations found in both ATX Specification and microATX Motherboard Interface Specification documents.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 81

9.3 Reference Design Components

9.3.1 Extrusion

The aluminum extrusion design is similar to what is shown in Figure 9-3. To facilitate reuse of the core design, the center cylinder ID and wall thickness are the same as RCBFH3.

Figure 9-3. RCBFH Extrusion

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

9.3.2 Clip

This clip design is intended to adapt previous thermal solutions such as the RCBFH3 to comply with the mechanical and structural requirements for the LGA1155 socket. Structural design strategy for the clip is to provide sufficient load for the Thermal Interface Material (TIM). The clip does not have to provide additional load for socket solder joint protect.

The clip is formed from 1.6 mm carbon steel, the same material as used in previous clip designs. The target metal clip nominal stiffness is 493 N/mm [2813 lb/in]. The combined target for reference clip and fasteners nominal stiffness is 311 N/mm [1778 lb/in]. The nominal preload provided by the reference design is 175.7 ± 46.7 N [39.5 lb ±10.5 lbf].

Note: An updated clip drawing and IGES file is available please order 2009 Reference Thermal

Solution Clip Mechanical Models and Mechanical Drawings to support power on with

existing thermal solutions.

Note: Intel reserves the right to make changes and modifications to the design as necessary

to the reference design, in particular the clip.

82 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

Figure 9-4. Clip for Existing Solutions to straddle LGA1155 Socket

9.3.3 Core

The core is the same forged design used in previous reference designs. This allows the reuse of the fan attach and if desired the same extrusion from existing designs. The machined flange height will be determined in the preliminary design review to match the IHS height for the processors when installed in the LGA1155. The final height of the flange will be an output of the design validation and could be varied to adjust the preload. See Section 9.4 for additional information on the critical to function interfaces between the core and clip.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 83

Figure 9-5. Core

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

9.4 Mechanical Interface to the Reference Attach Mechanism

The attach mechanism component from the Intel Reference Design can be used by other 3rd party cooling solutions. The attach mechanism consists of:

• A metal attach clip that interfaces with the heatsink core, see Figure B-10 and

Figure B-11 for the clip drawings.

• Four plastic fasteners, see Figure B-6, Figure B-7, Figure B-8 and Figure B-9 for the component drawings.

Note: For Intel RCFH6 and RCFH7 Reference Designs, the metal attach clip is not used by the

solutions as shown in Figure 9-1. This metal attach clip design is only intended to adapt previous thermal solutions (such as the Intel RCBFH3 Reference Design) to comply with the mechanical and structural requirements for the LGA1155 socket.

If 3rd party cooling solutions adopt a previous thermal solutions (such as the Intel RCBFH3 Reference Design), the reference attach mechanism (clip, core and extrusion) portion is shown in Figure 9-6. The clip is assembled to heatsink during copper core insertion, and is meant to be trapped between the core shoulder and the extrusion as shown in Figure 9-7.

The critical to function mechanical interface dimensions are shown in Figure 9-7 and

Figure 9-8. Complying with the mechanical interface parameters is critical to

generating a heatsink preload compliant with the minimum preload requirement for the selected TIM and to not exceed the socket design limits.

84 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

Core shoulder traps clip in place

Clip

Core

Fin Array

Fan

Clip

See Detail A

Core

Fin Array

Fan

Clip

See Detail A

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Detail A

Fin Array

Clip

Core

1.6 mm

Figure 9-6. Clip Core and Extrusion Assembly

Figure 9-7. Critical Parameters for Interface to the Reference Clip

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 85

Figure 9-8. Critical Core Dimensions

R 0.40 mm max

Gap required to avoid core surface blemish during clip assembly. Recommend 0.3 mm min.

1.00 mm min

1.00 +/- 0.10 mm Core

2.45 +/- 0.10 mm

Dia 38.68 +/- 0.30mm

Dia 36.14 +/- 0.10 mm

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

9.5 Heatsink Mass & Center of Gravity

• Total mass including plastic fan housing and fasteners <500 g.

• Assembly center of gravity <= 25.4 mm, measured from the top of the IHS.

9.6 Thermal Interface Material

A thermal interface material (TIM) provides conductivity between the IHS and heat sink. The designs use Dow Corning TC-1996. The TIM application is 0.14 g, which will be a nominal 20 mm diameter (~0.79 inches).

86 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

Die Centerline

Package Centerline

Drawing Not to Scale

All Dimensions in mm

37.5

10.94

9.7 Heat Pipe Thermal Considerations

The following drawing shows the orientation and position of the 1155-land LGA Package TTV die, this is the same package layout as used in the 1156-land LGA Package TTV. The TTV die is sized and positioned similar to the production die.

Figure 9-9. TTV Die Size and Orientation

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 87

§§

ATX Reference Thermal Solution

88 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Solution Quality and Reliability Requirements

10 Thermal Solution Quality and

Reliability Requirements

10.1 Reference Heatsink Thermal Verification

Each motherboard, heatsink and attach combination may vary the mechanical loading of the component. Based on the end user environment, the user should define the appropriate reliability test criteria and carefully evaluate the completed assembly prior to use in high volume. The Intel reference thermal solution will be evaluated to the boundary conditions in Chapter 5.

The test results, for a number of samples, are reported in terms of a worst-case mean + 3 value for thermal characterization parameter using the TTV.

10.2 Mechanical Environmental Testing

Each motherboard, heatsink and attach combination may vary the mechanical loading of the component. Based on the end user environment, the user should define the appropriate reliability test criteria and carefully evaluate the completed assembly prior to use in high volume. Some general recommendations are shown in Ta b l e 1 0 - 1.

The Intel reference heatsinks will be tested in an assembled to the LGA1155 socket and mechanical test package. Details of the Environmental Requirements, and associated stress tests, can be found in Tab l e 1 0 -1 are based on speculative use condition assumptions, and are provided as examples only.

Table 10-1. Use Conditions (Board Level)

Test

Mechanical Shock 3 drops each for + and - directions in each of 3

Random Vibration Duration: 10 min/axis, 3 axes

Notes:

1. It is recommended that the above tests be performed on a sample size of at least ten assemblies from multiple lots of material.

2. Additional pass/fail criteria may be added at the discretion of the user.

perpendicular axes (that is, total 18 drops) Profile: 50 g, Trapezoidal waveform, 4.3 m/s [170 in/s]

minimum velocity change

Frequency Range: 5 Hz to 500 Hz 5 Hz @ 0.01 g 20 Hz to 500 Hz @ 0.02 g Power Spectral Density (PSD) Profile: 3.13 g RMS

Requirement Pass/Fail Criteria

Visual Check and Electrical Functional Test

Visual Check and Electrical Functional

/Hz to 20 Hz @ 0.02 g2/Hz (slope up)

/Hz (flat)

Test

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 89

Thermal Solution Quality and Reliability Requirements

10.2.1 Recommended Test Sequence

Each test sequence should start with components (that is, baseboard, heatsink assembly, and so on) that have not been previously submitted to any reliability testing.

Prior to the mechanical shock & vibration test, the units under test should be preconditioned for 72 hours at 45 ºC. The purpose is to account for load relaxation during burn-in stage.

The test sequence should always start with a visual inspection after assembly, and BIOS/Processor/memory test. The stress test should be then followed by a visual inspection and then BIOS/Processor/memory test.

10.2.2 Post-Test Pass Criteria

The post-test pass criteria are:

1. No significant physical damage to the heatsink and retention hardware.

2. Heatsink remains seated and its bottom remains mated flatly against the IHS surface. No visible gap between the heatsink base and processor IHS. No visible tilt of the heatsink with respect to the retention hardware.

3. No signs of physical damage on baseboard surface due to impact of heatsink.

4. No visible physical damage to the processor package.

5. Successful BIOS/Processor/memory test of post-test samples.

6. Thermal compliance testing to demonstrate that the case temperature specification can be met.

10.2.3 Recommended BIOS/Processor/Memory Test Procedures

This test is to ensure proper operation of the product before and after environmental stresses, with the thermal mechanical enabling components assembled. The test shall be conducted on a fully operational baseboard that has not been exposed to any battery of tests prior to the test being considered.

Testing setup should include the following components, properly assembled and/or connected:

• Appropriate system baseboard.

• Processor and memory.

• All enabling components, including socket and thermal solution parts.

The pass criterion is that the system under test shall successfully complete the

checking of BIOS, basic processor functions and memory, without any errors. Intel PC Diags is an example of software that can be utilized for this test.

90 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Thermal Solution Quality and Reliability Requirements

10.3 Material and Recycling Requirements

Material shall be resistant to fungal growth. Examples of non-resistant materials include cellulose materials, animal and vegetable based adhesives, grease, oils, and many hydrocarbons. Synthetic materials such as PVC formulations, certain polyurethane compositions (such as polyester and some polyethers), plastics which contain organic fillers of laminating materials, paints, and varnishes also are susceptible to fungal growth. If materials are not fungal growth resistant, then MILSTD-810E, Method 508.4 must be performed to determine material performance.

Material used shall not have deformation or degradation in a temperature life test.

Any plastic component exceeding 25 grams should be recyclable per the European Blue Angel recycling standards.

The following definitions apply to the use of the terms lead-free, Pb-free, and RoHS compliant.

Lead-free and Pb-free: Lead has not been intentionally added, but lead may still exist as an impurity below 1000 ppm.

RoHS compliant: Lead and other materials banned in RoHS Directive are either (1) below all applicable substance thresholds as proposed by the EU or (2) an approved/pending exemption applies.

Note: RoHS implementation details are not fully defined and may change.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 91

Thermal Solution Quality and Reliability Requirements

92 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Boxed Processor Specifications

11 Boxed Processor Specifications

11.1 Introduction

The processor will also be offered as an Intel boxed processor. Intel boxed processors are intended for system integrators who build systems from baseboards and standard components. The boxed processor will be supplied with a cooling solution. This chapter documents baseboard and system requirements for the cooling solution that will be supplied with the boxed processor. This chapter is particularly important for OEMs that manufacture baseboards for system integrators.

Note: Unless otherwise noted, all figures in this chapter are dimensioned in millimeters and

inches [in brackets]. Figure 11-1 shows a mechanical representation of a boxed processor.

Note: The cooling solution that is supplied with the boxed processor will be halogen free

Note: Drawings in this chapter reflect only the specifications on the Intel boxed processor

compliant.

product. These dimensions should not be used as a generic keep-out zone for all cooling solutions. It is the system designers’ responsibility to consider their proprietary cooling solution when designing to the required keep-out zone on their system platforms and chassis. Refer to the Appendix B for further guidance on keep in and keep out zones.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 93

Figure 11-1. Mechanical Representation of the Boxed Processor

Boxed Processor Specifications

Note: The airflow of the fan heatsink is into the center and out of the sides of the fan heatsink.

11.2 Mechanical Specifications

11.2.1 Boxed Processor Cooling Solution Dimensions

This section documents the mechanical specifications of the boxed processor. The boxed processor will be shipped with an unattached fan heatsink. Figure 11-1 shows a mechanical representation of the boxed processor.

Clearance is required around the fan heatsink to ensure unimpeded airflow for proper cooling. The physical space requirements and dimensions for the boxed processor with assembled fan heatsink are shown in Figure 11-2 (Side View), and Figure 11-3 (Top View). The airspace requirements for the boxed processor fan heatsink must also be incorporated into new baseboard and system designs. Airspace requirements are shown in Figure 11-7 and Figure 11-8. Note that some figures have centerlines shown (marked with alphabetic designations) to clarify relative dimensioning.

94 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Boxed Processor Specifications

Figure 11-2. Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (side view)

Figure 11-3. Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (top view)

Note: Diagram does not show the attached hardware for the clip design and is provided only as a mechanical

representation.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 95

Boxed Processor Specifications

Figure 11-4. Space Requirements for the Boxed Processor (overall view)

11.2.2 Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Weight

The boxed processor fan heatsink will not weigh more than 450 grams.

11.2.3 Boxed Processor Retention Mechanism and Heatsink Attach Clip Assembly

The boxed processor thermal solution requires a heatsink attach clip assembly, to secure the processor and fan heatsink in the baseboard socket. The boxed processor will ship with the heatsink attach clip assembly.

11.3 Electrical Requirements

11.3.1 Fan Heatsink Power Supply

The boxed processor's fan heatsink requires a +12 V power supply. A fan power cable will be shipped with the boxed processor to draw power from a power header on the baseboard. The power cable connector and pinout are shown in Figure 11-5.

96 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Boxed Processor Specifications

NOTES:

Signal

1 2

GND +12 V SENSE CONTROL

Straight square pin, 4-pin terminal housing with polarizing ribs and friction locking ramp.

0.100" pitch, 0.025" square pin widt h. Match with straight pin, friction lock header on

mainboard.

Baseboards must provide a matched power header to support the boxed processor.

Table 11-1 contains specifications for the input and output signals at the fan heatsink

connector.

The fan heatsink outputs a SENSE signal, which is an open- collector output that pulses at a rate of 2 pulses per fan revolution. A baseboard pull-up resistor provides VOH to match the system board-mounted fan speed monitor requirements, if applicable. Use of the SENSE signal is optional. If the SENSE signal is not used, pin 3 of the connector should be tied to GND.

The fan heatsink receives a PWM signal from the motherboard from the 4th pin of the connector labeled as CONTROL.

The boxed processor's fan heatsink requires a constant +12 V supplied to pin 2 and does not support variable voltage control or 3-pin PWM control.

The power header on the baseboard must be positioned to allow the fan heatsink power cable to reach it. The power header identification and location should be documented in the platform documentation, or on the system board itself. Figure 11-6 shows the location of the fan power connector relative to the processor socket. The baseboard power header should be positioned within 110 mm [4.33 inches] from the center of the processor socket.

Figure 11-5. Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Power Cable Connector Description

Table 11-1. Fan Heatsink Power and Signal Specifications

Description Min Typ Max Unit Notes

+12V: 12 volt fan power supply 11.4 12.0 12.6 V —

IC:

• Maximum fan steady-state current draw

• Average steady-state fan current draw

• Maximum fan start-up current draw

• Fan start-up current draw maximum duration

SENSE: SENSE frequency — 2 — pulses per fan

CONTROL 21 25 28 kHz

— — — —

1.2

0.5

2.2

1.0

— — — —

A A A

Second

revolution

—

2, 3

1. Baseboard should pull this pin up to 5V with a resistor.

2. Open drain type, pulse width modulated.

3. Fan will have pull-up resistor for this signal to maximum of 5.25 V.

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 97

Boxed Processor Specifications

R110

[4.33]

Figure 11-6. Baseboard Power Header Placement Relative to Processor Socket

11.4 Thermal Specifications

This section describes the cooling requirements of the fan heatsink solution utilized by the boxed processor.

11.4.1 Boxed Processor Cooling Requirements

The boxed processor may be directly cooled with a fan heatsink. However, meeting the processor's temperature specification is also a function of the thermal design of the entire system, and ultimately the responsibility of the system integrator. The processor temperature specification is found in Chapter 6 of this document. The boxed processor fan heatsink is able to keep the processor temperature within the specifications (see

Tab l e 6- 1 ) in chassis that provide good thermal management. For the boxed processor

fan heatsink to operate properly, it is critical that the airflow provided to the fan heatsink is unimpeded. Airflow of the fan heatsink is into the center and out of the sides of the fan heatsink. Airspace is required around the fan to ensure that the airflow through the fan heatsink is not blocked. Blocking the airflow to the fan heatsink reduces the cooling efficiency and decreases fan life. Figure 11-7 and Figure 11-8 illustrate an acceptable airspace clearance for the fan heatsink. The air temperature entering the fan should be kept below 40 ºC. Again, meeting the processor's temperature specification is the responsibility of the system integrator.

98 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Boxed Processor Specifications

Figure 11-7. Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Airspace Keepout Requirements (top view)

Figure 11-8. Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Airspace Keepout Requirements (side view)

Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines 99

11.4.2 Variable Speed Fan

If the boxed processor fan heatsink 4-pin connector is connected to a 3-pin motherboard header it will operate as follows:

The boxed processor fan will operate at different speeds over a short range of internal chassis temperatures. This allows the processor fan to operate at a lower speed and noise level, while internal chassis temperatures are low. If internal chassis temperature increases beyond a lower set point, the fan speed will rise linearly with the internal temperature until the higher set point is reached. At that point, the fan speed is at its maximum. As fan speed increases, so does fan noise levels. Systems should be designed to provide adequate air around the boxed processor fan heatsink that remains cooler then lower set point. These set points, represented in Figure 11-9 and

Tab l e 11 - 2, can vary by a few degrees from fan heatsink to fan heatsink. The internal

chassis temperature should be kept below 40 ºC. Meeting the processor's temperature specification (see Chapter 6) is the responsibility of the system integrator.

The motherboard must supply a constant +12 V to the processor's power header to ensure proper operation of the variable speed fan for the boxed processor. Refer to

Tab l e 11 - 1 for the specific requirements.

Figure 11-9. Boxed Processor Fan Heatsink Set Points

Boxed Processor Specifications

100 Thermal/Mechanical Specifications and Design Guidelines

Intel LGA1155, CORE PROCESSOR FAMILY DESKTOP User Manual

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Frequently Asked Questions

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