The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and
services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein
should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors
or omissions contained herein.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
March 2005 (First Edition)
Part Number 393234-001
HPMA Audit Message Reference
DISCLAIMER
While every reasonable effort has been made to achieve technical
accuracy and completeness, information in this document is subject to
change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the
part of Bycast Inc., or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates, licensors, or
resellers. There are no warranties, express or implied, with respect to
the content of this document.
Features and specifications of Bycast
®
products are subject to change
without notice.
This manual contains information and images about Bycast Inc., its
fixed content storage systems, and its other products that are protected
by copyright and furnished under terms of a license agreement.
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for
use in the Open SSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)
The Audit Management System (AMS) service stores audit messages
of grid activity and events to a set of text log files. To enable you to
read and analyze the audit trail, this document provides information
on the structure and content of the text file log.
The objectives of this document are to:
• Describe how to access the current log file and archived logs
• Describe the text file format
• Provide a reference for common audit messages
Currency
The content is current with the AMS service software version 4.6.0, as
included in the HP Medical Archive system release 5.2. To find the
version number of your AMS service software:
1. Using the NMS interface, select an AMS service Overview page.
The version number is reported in the Node Information block.
If you have an earlier version of the AMS service, contact HP Support.
Intended Audience
The content of this guide is intended for administrators responsible for
producing reports of network activity and usage that require analysis
of the audit messages.
You are assumed to have a sound understanding of the nature of
audited activities within the HP Medical Archive system. To use the
text log file, you are assumed to have access to the configured audit
share on the server hosting the AMS service.
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HPMA Audit Message Reference
References
This document assumes familiarity with many terms related to
computer operations and programming, network communications,
and operating system file operations. There is wide use of acronyms.
To assist you, there is a glossary at the back of this reference (page 65).
Document Structure
HP Medical Archive product guides are generally provided in printed
format. They may also be available in Adobe
Document Format).
You may print copies of the PDF editions for internal use but all copies
must be treated as proprietary and confidential; not for general
distribution.
Using this Guide
This guide is comprised of three chapters:
“Audit Message Overview”—Provides a brief overview of the audit
message system and the design of the text log file.
“File and Message Format”—Defines the format of the audit log file
and the format of audit messages, along with details of the common
elements found in all audit messages.
“Message Reference”—Provides supporting information for all audit
messages issued by the system.
®
Acrobat® PDF (Portable
Conventions
This guide adheres to conventions for terminology to avoid confusion
or misunderstanding. There are also conventions for typography to
enhance readability and usefulness of the text.
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HP Medical Archive
Preface
Terminology
There is some room for confusion between common computer
network terminology for “server” and “node” as they are used in
HP Medical Archive products and documents.
A server is usually thought of as a piece of computing hardware that
provides data services to requesting network clients; a resource providing network, computational, and storage services. Within the
context of the HP Medical Archive, a server is an entity hosting one or
more grid services.
Nodes in a network are usually defined as an independent entity with
a unique network identity, running on a resource. In this text, the use
of the phrase “grid node” refers to an addressable entity on the grid
that provides and uses functional services within the grid to perform
one or more tasks. Each grid node has a unique “node ID”. These
include: ADC, CMS and LDR. In the HP Medical Archive User Guide
and other user documents these are referred to as “services”.
In contrast, the HP Medical Archive packages the grid service modules
into “nodes”. Some node packages are required, others are optional.
When used in this context the term appears in uppercase; as in
“ControlNODE”, which usually incorporates the ADC, CMS and SSM
services on one server.
Numerics
Numeric values are presented in decimal unless noted otherwise.
Hexadecimal values in the narrative are noted using the prefix “0x”;
for example: 0x3B. Where sample messages include data as a string of
hexadecimal characters, the prefix only appears if it is included within
the message.
Fonts
To assist you in easily picking out the elements of importance, changes
from the standard font are used:
• Items upon which you act are shown in bold. These include:
• Sequences of selections from the navigation tree, tabs, and
page options, such as: LDR X Configuration X Notifications.
• Buttons or keys to click or press, such as Apply or <Tab>.
• Radio buttons or check buttons to enable or disable, such as
Save configuration as default.
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HPMA Audit Message Reference
• Field prompts, names of windows and dialogs, messages, and
other literal text in the interface is shown in sans-serif such as the
LDR State pull down menu, or the Sign In... window.
• Items within the narrative that require emphasis appear in italics.
• Coding samples or interactions with a command terminal are
shown in the fixed space font:
Any italicized portion indicates variable data you provide to meet
your needs.
Keyboard keys that use words or standard abbreviations are shown
within angle brackets, such as <Ctrl> for the control key, <Tab>, <space>, and <Enter>.
Contacts
<?xml version=1.0 ?>
For general product and company information, refer to the HP web
site at:
www.hp.com
If you cannot find the information you need in this document, there
are several other resources you can use to get more detailed
information:
• The HP website (http://www.hp.com)
• Your nearest HP authorized reseller (for the locations and tele-
phone numbers of these resellers, refer to the HP website)
As services in the grid perform various activities and process events,
audit messages are generated to retain a record of grid activity. These
messages are processed by the Audit Management System (AMS)
service and stored in the form of text log files. This document provides
information on the structure and content of the text log files to enable
you to read and analyze the audit trail of grid activity.
Audit Message Flow
Audit messages are generated internally by each grid service. All
system services generate audit messages during normal system operation. These messages are sent to the connected AMS services for
processing and storage.
Some grid services can be designated as audit message relay services.
They act as collection points to reduce the need for every service to
send its audit messages to all connected AMS services. Notice in
Figure 1 that each relay service must send messages to all AMS destinations, whereas services can send messages to just one relay service.
Figure 1: Audit Message Flow
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HP Medical Archive
Relay services are designated at the time the grid topology is configured. Any grid service (LDR, ADC, CMS, and so on) can be designated
to act as an audit message relay.
Message Retention
Once an audit message is generated, it is stored on the local server of
the originating service until it has been committed to all connected
AMS servers, or a designated audit relay service. The relays in turn
store the message until it is committed at all AMS services. This
process includes a confirmation (positive acknowledgment) to ensure
no messages are lost.
Audit Message Overview
Figure 2: Audit Message Retention
Messages arrive at the AMS and are stored in a queue pending confirmed write to the text log file. Confirmation of the arrival of
messages is sent to the originating service (or audit relay) to permit the
originator to delete its copy of the message.
Only after a message has been committed to storage at the AMS can it
be removed from the queue. This local message buffer at the AMS has
an alarm (AMQS) associated with it, in the event the backlog becomes
unusually large. At times of peak activity, the rate at which audit
messages are arriving may be faster than they can be committed to
storage, causing a temporary backlog that will clear itself when grid
activity declines.
When the text log file on the Admin Node reaches a predefined size, it
is automatically converted to a compressed format and a new text log
file is started. Over very long periods of time, this can result in con-
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HP Medical Archive
HPMA Audit Message Reference
sumption of the available storage on the server hosting the AMS
service. Based on the requirements of your enterprise, either archive
the older compressed files to some other media (such as DVD-R, or
into the grid itself), or they will be automatically deleted.
Audit Log File Access
Access to the text log file at the AMS requires you to have an account
and password to access the audit share on the server hosting the AMS
service.
The active log file and any compressed log files are available through
your configured audit share directory.
The active audit log file is named:
audit.log
Archived log files are named using the convention:
YYYY-MM-DD.txt.gz
where the file name includes a date and time stamp (in UTC) when the
file was archived.
To access an archived audit log file:
1. Make a local copy of the file to work with.
2. Decompress the file. This process requires a decompression utility.
We recommend “7-Zip”, which is a free download from:
http://www.7-zip.org/
Access log files as simple text files.
The next chapter provides details of the file’s internal structure and the
syntax of audit messages.
The audit log contains individual audit messages in the following
format:
1. Date and time stamp (local time) the message was processed at the
AMS, followed by the server host name and the string “
2. The message itself, enclosed within square brackets “[]”. The
message structure is discussed in the next section on page 6.
The following is the beginning of a sample log file. Messages are
wrapped within the boundaries shown, ending after the ASQN
attribute and double closing brackets “]]”. The <CR><LF> characters
at the end of each message are not shown.
Feb 12 02:37:34 an1-a-1 AMS:
[AUDT[RSLT(FC32):'DSDN'][AVER(UI32):3][ATYP(FC32):'SYSU'][ATIM(UI64):11081758444743
62][ATID(UI64):9384121014334693630][ANID(UI32):15010119][AMID(FC32):'ARNI'][ASQN(UI
64):0]]
Feb 12 02:37:34 an1-a-1 AMS:
[AUDT[SEID(FC32):'RCON'][CNDR(FC32):'OUTB'][SVIP(UI32):1501][DAIP(IP32):14.1.1.13][
SAIP(IP32):14.1.1.19][CNID(UI64):1716307103][RSLT(FC32):'CRFU'][AVER(UI32):3][ATYP(
FC32):'ETCF'][ATIM(UI64):1108175844660669][ATID(UI64):5503182624165676149][ANID(UI3
2):15010119][AMID(FC32):'RCON'][ASQN(UI64):1]]
Feb 12 02:37:34 an1-a-1 AMS:
[AUDT[SEID(FC32):'RCON'][CNDR(FC32):'OUTB'][SVIP(UI32):1501][DAIP(IP32):14.1.1.15][
SAIP(IP32):14.1.1.19][CNID(UI64):2329159112][RSLT(FC32):'CRFU'][AVER(UI32):3][ATYP(
FC32):'ETCF'][ATIM(UI64):1108175854682710][ATID(UI64):7756750787035320318][ANID(UI3
2):15010119][AMID(FC32):'RCON'][ASQN(UI64):2]]
AMS:”.
Audit Message Format
Audit messages exchanged within the grid include some standard
information common to all messages, and specific content for the
event or activity being reported.
Each audit message is logged as a string composed of attribute
elements that are:
• Enclosed in square brackets “[ ]”
• Introduced by the string “AUDT”, indicating an audit message
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HP Medical Archive
File and Message Format
• Do not have delimiters (no commas or spaces) between attributes
• Terminated by a carriage return and line feed (<CR><LF>)
Each element includes: an attribute code, data type, and value. It takes
the format:
The data types encountered in the audit messages are:
Table 1: Data Types
TypeDescription
UI32Unsigned long integer (32 bits); it can store the numbers
0–4,294,967,295.
UI64Unsigned double long integer (64 bits); it can store the
numbers 0–18,446,744,073,709,551,615.
FC32Four Character Constant; a 32-bit unsigned integer value
represented as four ASCII characters such as: “ABCD”.
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HP Medical Archive
HPMA Audit Message Reference
Table 1: Data Types (cont.)
TypeDescription
IP32IP Address; a 32-bit IP address representation.
CSTRC String; a variable length array of characters.
Event-Specific Data
Following the opening “[AUDT” container that identifies the message
itself, is a series of items specific to each event or action. Chapter 3,
“Message Reference” on page 11 lists attributes commonly used for
tracing grid activity.
Common Elements
After the event-specific information is a set of elements common to all
audit messages:
Table 2: Common Elements of Audit Messages
CodeTypeDescription
AVERUI32Version—The version of the audit message. As the HP Medical
Archive software evolves, new versions of services may incorporate
new features in audit reporting. This field enables backward compatibility in the AMS to process messages from older versions of
services.
ATYPFC32Event Type—A four-character identifier of the event being logged.
This governs the “payload” content of the message—the attributes
included.
ATIMUI64Timestamp—The time the event was generated that triggered the
audit message, measured in microseconds since the operating system epoch (00:00:00 UTC on 1 January, 1970). Note that most available tools for converting the timestamp to local date and time are
based on milliseconds. Rounding or truncation of the database
timestamp may be required.
ATIDUI64Trace ID—An identifier that is shared by the set of messages that
were triggered by a single event.
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HP Medical Archive
File and Message Format
Table 2: Common Elements of Audit Messages (cont.)
CodeTypeDescription
ANIDUI32Node ID—The grid node ID assigned to the service that generated
the message. Each service is allocated a unique identifier at the time
the HP Medical Archive is configured and installed. This ID cannot
be changed.
AMIDFC32Module ID—A four-character identifier of the module ID that gen-
erated the message. This indicates the code segment within which
the audit message was generated.
ASQNUI64Sequence Count—A counter that is incremented for each generated
audit message on the grid node (ANID). This counter is reset to zero
at service restart. It can be used for consistency checks to ensure that
no audit messages have been lost.
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HP Medical Archive
HPMA Audit Message Reference
10
HP Medical Archive
Message
Reference
A comprehensive listing of generated
audit messages.
This chapter provides detailed descriptions of the attributes reported
in all audit messages issued by the system.
Messages are listed alphabetically to facilitate referencing the content
for a specific message of interest. To reference related messages for a
given class of activity, use the tables in the subsections below.
System Audit Messages
This group of messages are for events related to:
• The auditing system itself
• Grid node states
• Grid-wide task activity (Grid Tasks)
• Service backup operations
• File System Gateway (FSG) replications
Table 3: System Audit Messages
CodeDescriptionPage
ETCATCP/IP Connection Establish—An incoming or outgoing TCP/IP
connection was successfully established.
ETCCTCP/IP Connection Close—An established connection has been
closed by either side of the connection (normally or abnormally).
ETCFTCP/IP Connection Fail—An outgoing connection attempt failed at
the lowest level, due to communication problems.
SADDSecurity Audit Disable—Audit message logging has been turned
off.
SADESecurity Audit Enable—Audit message logging has been turned on.57
ETAFSecurity Authentication Failed—A connection attempt using Trans-
port Layer Security (TLS) has failed.
SYSUNode Start—An HP Medical Archive grid service started; the nature
of the previous shutdown is indicated in the message.
SYSDNode Stop—An HP Medical Archive grid service has been grace-
fully stopped.
37
38
38
56
36
60
57
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HP Medical Archive
Message Reference
Table 3: System Audit Messages (cont.)
CodeDescriptionPage
TSTCGrid Task State Change—A grid task has been added, started,
paused, canceled, or completed.
TSGCGrid Task Stage Change—The stage of a grid task has changed.62
TACBGrid Task Action Begin—A grid task action has begun.61
TACEGrid Task Action End—A grid task action has completed.61
BKSBBackup Store Begin—A service has begun a backup operation.17
BKSEBackup Store End—A service has completed a backup operation.18
RPSBReplication Session Begin—A service has begun a replication opera-
tion to a secondary service.
RPSEReplication Session End—A service has completed a replication
operation to a secondary service.
Object Audit Messages
Object audit messages represent events related to the storage and management of objects within the grid. These include:
• Object storage/retrieval
• Node-to-node transfer
• Verific ation
63
55
55
Table 4: Object Audit Messages
CodeDescriptionPage
CBSBObject Send Begin—The source entity initiated a node-to-node data
transfer operation on a single piece of content.
CBSEObject Send End—The source entity completed a node-to-node data
transfer operation.
CBRBObject Receive Begin—The destination entity initiated a node-to-
node data transfer operation on a single piece of content.
CBREObject Receive End—The destination entity completed a node-to-
node data transfer operation.
SCMTObject Store Commit—A content block was completely stored and
verified, and can now be requested.
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HP Medical Archive
21
22
19
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