HP OMNIBER 718 37718A, 37718A OmniBER 718 User Manual

HP 37718A

User’s Guide
DSn/SONET
Operation

OmniBER 718

 Copyright Hewlett­Packard Ltd.1998

All rights reserved.
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copyright laws.

HP Part No.
37718-90022

First edition, 09/98
Second Edition, 12/98
Printed in U.K.

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Hewlett-Packard Limited
Telecommunications Networks Test Division
South Queensferry
West Lothian, Scotland EH30 9TG

User’s Guide DSn/SONET Operation

HP 37718A
OmniBER 718

About This Book

This book tells you how to select the features that you want to use for your test.

The selections available are presented in the following groups:

• Transmit and receive interfaces

• Testfeatures,forexample, theaddition oferrors andalarms to thetest

signal

• Measurements including test timing

• Storing, logging and printing results with general printer information

• Using instrument and disk storage

• Using the “Other” features.

The selections available will depend on the options fitted to your
instrument. The examples given in this book cover all options and
therefore may include selections which are not available on your
instrument.

iv

Contents

1 Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface 2
Setting SONET Transmit Interface 4
Setting Jitter Transmit Interface 7
Setting Wander Transmit Interface 9
Setting SONET THRU Mode 11
Using Smart Test 13
Setting DSn Receive Interface 15
Setting SONET Receive Interface 17
Setting Jitter Receive Interface 18
Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface 19
Setting Wander Receive Interface 20

2 Selecting Test Features

Using Transmit Overhead Setup 22
Using Receive Overhead Monitor 24
Setting Overhead Trace Messages 26
Generating Overhead Sequences 27
Using Receive Overhead Capture 29
Adding Frequency Offset to SONET Signal 31
Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal 33
Setting up Signaling Bits 34
Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal 37
Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal 39
Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s
Structured Payload/Test Signal 40
Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s
Structured Payload/Test Signal 42

v

Contents

Inserting an External DSn Payload/Test Signal 43
Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal 46
Adding Errors & Alarms at the SONET Interface 49
Adding Errors & Alarms to the DSn Interface/DSn Payload 50
Using FEAC Codes 51
Setting DSn Spare Bits 53
Adding Pointer Adjustments 54
Using Pointer Graph Test Function 61
Stressing Optical Clock Recovery Circuits 63
Generating Automatic Protection Switch Messages 64
Inserting & Dropping Data Communications Channel 65

3 Making Measurements

Using Overhead BER Test Function 68
Test Timing 69
Making SONET Analysis Measurements 70
Making DSn Analysis Measurements 71
Measuring Frequency 72
Measuring Optical Power 73
Measuring Round Trip Delay 74
Monitoring Signaling Bits 76
Measuring Service Disruption Time 77
Performing a SONET Tributary Scan 80
Performing an SONET Alarm Scan 82
Performing a DSn Alarm Scan 83
Measuring Jitter 84
Measuring Extended Jitter 86
Measuring Wander 87
Measuring Jitter Tolerance 89

vi

Contents

Measuring Jitter Transfer 92

4 Storing, Logging and Printing

Saving Graphics Results to Instrument Store 98
Recalling Stored Graph Results 99
Viewing the Bar Graph Display 101
Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries 103
Logging Graph Displays 105
Logging Results 107
Logging on Demand 110
Logging Jitter Tolerance Results 112
Logging Jitter Transfer Results 114
Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer 116
Logging Results to HP-IB Printer 117
Logging Results to Internal Printer 118
Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer 119
Printing Results from Disk 120
Connecting an HP 850C DeskJet Printer to a Parallel Port 121
Changing Internal Printer Paper 122
Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head 125

5 Using Instrument and Disk Storage

Storing Configurations in Instrument Store 128
Titling Configuration in Instrument Store 129
Recalling Configurations from Instrument Store 130
Formatting a Disk 131

vii

Contents

Labeling a Disk 132
Managing Files and Directories on Disk 133
Saving Graphics Results to Disk 140
Saving Data Logging to Disk 142
Saving Configurations to Disk 143
Recalling Configuration from Disk 144
Recalling Graphics Results from Disk 145
Copying Configuration from Instrument Store to Disk 146
Copying Configuration from Disk to Instrument Store 148
Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk 150

6 Selecting and Using "Other" Features

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 154
Setting Time & Date 155
Enabling Keyboard Lock 156
Enabling Beep on Received Error 157
Suspending Test on Signal Loss 158
Setting Error Threshold Indication 159
Setting Screen Brightness and Color 160
Dumping Display to Disk 161
Running Self Test 163

viii

Contents

7 STS-1 SPE Background Patterns

8 ETSI/ANSI Terminology

ETSI/ANSI Conversion and Equivalent Terms 170

ix

Contents

x

1

1 Setting the Interfaces

This chapter tells you how to set the instrument
interfaces to match the network being tested.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface

Description DSn transmit interface settings should match network equipment

settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload
to be tested.

TIP: To set the Transmitter and Receiver to the same interface settings

choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL rate.

Rates of DS1, DS3, 2 Mb/s and 34 Mb/s are available.

2 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

CLOCK SYNC source - internally generated or recovered from the
received DSn signal.
If Jitter,Option 204, 205or 206, isfitted and SIGNAL is chosen
a choice is added to the menu. This allows you to choose the

2M REF

synchronization source for the 2 Mb/s reference. The synchronization
source is supplied from theSONET Clock module. It can be internally
generated, derived from an external clock or recovered from the
SONET received signal.

2

2 Mb/s

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface

3 If DS1 or DS3 is chosen, choose the required OUTPUT LEVEL.
4 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

TERMINATION. (At all other signal rates the impedance is fixed).

5 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s or DS1 as the SIGNAL rate, choose the

required LINE CODE. (At 34 Mb/s and DS3 coding is fixed).

6 If required, choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value.

See “Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal” page 33.

7 Choose the required PAYLOAD TYPE.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen the DSn test signal must be set up. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37.
If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 as the DSn signal rate, the
Framed choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

8 Choose the PATTERN type and the PRBS POLARITY.

3

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

Description SONET transmit interface settings should match the network

equipment settings of Rate, Wavelength and Mapping, determine the
payload to be tested and set background conditions to prevent alarms
while testing.

TIP: If you wish to set the HP 37718A transmitter and receiver to the same

interface settings choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Make your choice of SIGNAL rate.

If Option 106, DualWavelengthoptical module,is fittedand an optical
rate is chosen, choose the required wavelength (1550) or (1310).
If STS-1 is chosen, choose the required interface level.
Choose unless isrequired. If is
chosen, see "Setting SONET THRU Mode " page 11.

2 Make your choice of CLOCK synchronization source. The RECEIVE

clocksynchronization choicedepends on theSONET ReceiveInterface
choice.

EXTERNAL

3 If required choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value. See “Adding

Frequency Offset to SONET Signal” page 31.

4

INTERNAL THRU MODE THRU MODE

allows a choice of MTS, BITS or 10 MHz clocks.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

4 Choose FOREGROUND , BACKGROUND

B/G MAPPING

MAPPING and type of payload.

F/G MAPPING

Mapping may beselected from a pictorial display by moving thecursor to
MAPPING and pressing .

SET

Use and to move betweenSTS Layer choice, VTLayer choice and
Payload Layer choice. Use and to choose the mapping.

SET

Use to confirm your choice and return to the

MAIN SETTINGS

display.

SONET

5 If VT-6 mapping is chosen, VT CONCATENATION selection is

enabled, choose or the tributary at which the concatenation

OFF

begins, VT6-2C through VT6-6C.
The BACKGROUND, PATTERN IN OTHER VT-6’s is fixed at
NUMBERED, that is, each VT-6 contains a unique number to allow
identification in case of routing problems.

6 If required, choose DS1/2M/34M/DS3 OFFSET value. See “Adding

Frequency Offset to SONET Signal” page 31

7 If FULL SPE, VT-6, VT-2or VT-1.5mapping is chosen, choose the test

tributary CHANNEL,including theSTS-3 for anOC-12/OC-48 signal.

8 Choose the payloadframing under PAYLOAD TYPEor VT PAYLOAD.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen, thePayload test signal must be set up.See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37.
If is chosen, see “Inserting an External DSn Payload/Test

INSERT

Signal” page 43.

5

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 under Mapping, the Framed
choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

9 Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity.

10 Choose the mapping required in the background (non-test) STS’s.
11 If VT mapping is chosen for the test STS, choose the PATTERN IN

OTHER VT’s.

6

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

Description: You can add jitter to the transmitted DSn or SONET signal at 2 Mb/s,

34 Mb/s, STS-3, OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48. You can source the jitter
modulation internally or from an external source.

HOW TO: 1 If you are adding jitter to the DSn signal, set up the DSn transmit

interface. See Chapter “Setting DSn Transmit Interface”.

2 If you are adding jitter to the SONET signal, set up the SONET

transmit interface. See “Setting SONET Transmit Interface” page 4.

3 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

JITTER

If you wish to add wander to the DSn or SONET signal, See “Setting
Wander Transmit Interface” page 9.

4 Choose JITTER .

ON

If you wish to perform a Jitter Tolerance measurement, choose

AUTO TOLERANCE

. See “Measuring Jitter Tolerance” page 89.

If you wish to perform a Jitter Transfer measurement choose

TRANSFER FUNCTION

. See “Measuring Jitter Transfer” page 92.

7

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

5 Choose the modulation source.

If adding jitter to the DSn signal and is chosen, connect

EXTERNAL

the external source to the MOD IN port of the DSn Jitter TX module.
Up to 10 UI of external jitter modulation can be added at the MOD IN
port.
If adding jitter to the SDH signal and is chosen, connect

EXTERNAL

the external source to the MOD IN port of the SONET Clock module.
Up to 20 UI of external jitter modulation can be added at the MOD IN
port.

6 Choose the JITTER MASK setting required.

You can choose the jitter range, jitter modulating frequency and jitter
amplitude if is chosen.
If youchoose , the HP 37718Awill "sweep" through the ITU-T

OFF

SWEPT

jitter mask (G.823 for DSn, G.958, G.825 or G.253 for SONET)
adjusting the jitter amplitude according to the jitter frequency.
If you choose , you can choose the "spot" jitter frequency. The

SPOT

jitter amplitude is adjusted and controlled according to your jitter
frequency choice.

TIP: If, when using the SWEPT MASK capability, a problem occurs around a

certain frequency, this may require closer examination. Stop the sweep
at that point by choosing . You can then control the "spot" jitter

SPOT

frequency to make closer examination of the problem.

8

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Transmit Interface

Setting Wander Transmit Interface

Description: You can add Wander to the 2 Mb/s DSn signal and the STS-3, OC-3,

OC-12 or OC-48 SONET signal.

HOW TO: DSn Wander (2 Mb/s)

1 ConnectREF OUT onthe SONETClock moduleto REF IN on theDSn

Jitter TX module (this provides the Wander Reference).

2 Setup the DSntransmit interface,chooseCLOCK SYNC and

select the SOURCE required from the menu. See “Setting DSn
Transmit Interface” page 2.

3 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

Ifyou wishto addjitter tothe DSnsignal, See“Setting JitterTransmit
Interface” page 7.

4 Choose WANDER .
5 Choose the modulation source.

If is chosen, connect the external source to the MOD IN

EXTERNAL

port of the DSn Jitter TX module. Up to 10 UI of external wander
modulation can be added.

2M REF

WANDER

ON

9

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Transmit Interface

6 Choose the WANDER MASK setting required.

You can choose the wander modulating frequency and wander
amplitude if is chosen.
If you choose ,you can choose the "spot" wander frequency. The

OFF

SPOT

wanderamplitude isadjusted andcontrolled accordingto yourwander
frequency choice.

SONET Wander (STS-3, OC-3, OC-12, OC-48)

7 Set up the SONET transmit interface. See “Setting SONET Transmit

Interface” page 4.

8 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

WANDER

If you wish to add jitter to the SONET signal, see "Setting Jitter
Transmit Interface " page 7.

9 Choose WANDER .

ON

10 Choose the WANDER MASK setting required.

You can choose the wander modulating frequency and wander
amplitude if is chosen.
If you choose ,you can choose the "spot" wander frequency. The

OFF

SPOT

wanderamplitude isadjusted andcontrolled accordingto yourwander
frequency choice.

10

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET THRU Mode

Setting SONET THRU Mode

Description THRU mode is used to non-intrusively monitor SONET lines where no

protected monitor points are available.
As THRU mode locks some user settings, you must set SIGNAL RATE,
STS rate, STS-1 SPE CHANNEL (if appropriate) before selecting THRU
mode.
The entire frame can be errorred at a user defined rate if PAYLOAD
OVERWRITE and TOH+POH CHANNEL OVERWRITE are both set to

. If eitheroverwrite is enabled the ENTIRE FRAME ERROR RATE

OFF

function is disabled.

OC-1/STS-1, OC-3/STS-3

You can substitutea new payload, Section and Line Overhead(TOH) and
Path overhead (POH) in the received OC-1/STS-1 or OC-3/STS-3 signal
for testing.

HOW TO:

OC-12, OC-48

The overhead and payload may be overwritten for STS-3c SPE and AU3.
PAYLOAD OVERWRITE is not available for STS-12C or STS-48C.
TOH+POH CHANNEL overwrite is available for STS-12C and STS-48C.

1 Make the required SIGNAL RATE, MAPPING and CHANNEL

choices on the SONET and displays, See

TRANSMIT

RECEIVE

"Setting SONET Transmit Interface " page 4 and "Setting SONET

Receive Interface " page 17.

11

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET THRU Mode

2 Make the PAYLOAD OVERWRITE choice required.

If STS-3c SPE, STS-1SPE, VT-6,VT-2or VT-1.5 ischosen, the Section,
Line and Path CVs are recalculated before transmission and the
Mapping, Selected VT, VT Payload, Pattern, Tributary Offset and
Pattern in other VT’s settings are displayed. To choose the settings in
these, See "Setting SONET Transmit Interface " page 4, steps 4
through 10.

3 Make the TOH+POH CHANNEL OVERWRITE choice required.

You canonly modify those overhead bytes available under

SONET TEST FUNCTION SONET

: Errors & Alarms, Sequences,

TRANSMIT

Overhead BER, APS Messages and DCC Insert.
The Section, Line and Path CVs are recalculated before transmission.

4 Ifyou wishto addjitterto theSTS-3, OC-3,OC-12 orOC-48signal, See

“Setting Jitter Transmit Interface” page 7.

12

Setting the Interfaces

Using Smart Test

Using Smart Test

Description The SmartTest functioncan help speed-up configuring theinstrument in

two ways.
1 A Smartsetup feature that will attempt to configure the instrument

to receive the incoming signal.

2 A series of “links” that provide quick access to some of the most

frequently used features of the instrument. Note that these tests are
run with the instrument in its current configuration, no attempt is
made to set the instrument to the requirements of the test.

Smartsetup can help the user by attempting to identify the incoming
signal structure and detect mixed payload signal structures.

HOW TO USE
SMARTSETUP:

1 Connect the HP 37718A to the network and choose if necessary the

required SONET interface on the HP 37718A (Smartsetup
will select DSn or SONET/SDH, but can not select between SONET
and SDH).

2 Press .

The display will show the Smart Test menu above.

3 Press either or .

SMART TEST

SET

RECEIVE

SELECT

13

Setting the Interfaces

Using Smart Test

4 In SONET mode the incoming signal will be identified on the top line

of the display, and under this the payload mappings, the J1 Trace and
C2 byte indicators are displayed on the bottom lines.

5 Use the and keys to display the J1 Trace information for each

STS SPE. When the STS SPE of interest has been identified choose
either or .

VIEW PAYLOAD PRBS SEARCH

6 Choosing will identify and display the payload

VIEW PAYLOAD

mapping of the TUG structured signal, as shown below.
Choose the required tributary using and .

7 There are four choices available at this point:

SETUP RX

TROUBLE SCAN

tributary, exitsto the displayand starts

which sets the receiver to receive the selected tributary.

which sets the receiver to receive the selected

RESULTS

TROUBLE SCAN

gating.

VIEW LABELS

which displaysthe C2/V5/J1/J2 trace information for

the selected tributary.

TOP LEVEL

which returns the display to the STS SPE selection

window.

8 Choosing at Step 5 will prompt you for additional

information about patterns and which mapping to search. When the
required data has been entered press .

9 When the search is complete a tributary display appears, with any

tributariescontaining the requiredPRBS indicatedwith a “P”.Choose
the required tributary using and .

14

PRBS SEARCH

GO

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Receive Interface

Setting DSn Receive Interface

Description DSn Receive interface settings should match the network equipment

settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload
to be tested.

TIP: To set the transmitter and receiver to the same interface settings choose

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

.

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL rate.

2 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

TERMINATION. (At all other rates the impedance is fixed.)

3 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s or DS1 as the SIGNAL rate, choose the

required LINE CODE. (At 34Mb/s and DS3 coding is fixed.)

4 If you are measuring at the network equipment monitor point, set the

LEVEL field to . In this case the received signal will be 20
to 30 dB below the normal level.
Choose the GAIN required to return the received signal to normal.
Choose EQUALIZATION to compensate for cable losses if
required.

MONITOR

ON

15

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Receive Interface

5 Choose the PAYLOAD TYPE.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen, the DSn test signal must be set up. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37.
If you chose 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 as the PDH/DSn SIGNAL rate, the
FRAMED choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

6 Choose the PATTERN type and the PRBS POLARITY required.

16

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Receive Interface

Setting SONET Receive Interface

Description SONET Receive interface settings should match the network equipment

settings of Rate and Mapping, and determine the payload to be tested.

TIP: If you wish to set the HP 37718A transmitter and receiver to the same

interface settings, choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL source.

If STS-1 or STS-3 is chosen, choose the required LEVEL.
If the LEVEL chosen is choose the required GAIN.

MONITOR

2 Choose mapping and type of payload.
3 If VT-6 mapping is chosen, and CONCATENATIONis enabled,choose

the tributary at which the concatenation begins.
If VT-6, VT-2 or VT-1.5 mapping is chosen, choose the test tributary
under CHANNEL.

4 Choose the payloadframing under PAYLOAD TYPE or VT PAYLOAD.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen the Payload test signal must beset up. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 39.
If DROP is chosen, see “Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal”
page 46.

5 Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity.

17

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Receive Interface

Setting Jitter Receive Interface

Description: Jitter and error measurements are made simultaneously when a jitter

option is fitted. The measurements are made on the normal input to the
DSn or SONET receiver and the interface selections are the normal
Receiver selections. The jitter receive interface is selected with

PDH/DSn JITTER
JITTER

.

or MEASUREMENT TYPE

RECEIVE

SONET

JITTER

The choices made on the jitter receive interface determine the jitter
measurement range, the threshold level for determining a jitter hit and
which filters are used in the jitter measurement.

RECEIVE

HOW TO: 1 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

2 Choose the RECEIVER RANGE - the jitter measurement range.
3 Choose the HIT THRESHOLD level - if the received jitter exceeds the

value chosen a jitter hit is recorded.

4 Choose the FILTER you wish to include in the peak to peak and RMS

jitter measurement.

18

JITTER

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface

Setting Extended Jitter Receive
Interface

Description: Extended Jitter measurements are made in a jitter bandwidth of 0.1 Hz

to 25 kHz. These measurements are made at the upper end of the
standard wander frequency range and the lower end of the standard
jitter frequency range. The extended jitter receive interface is selected
with or

RECEIVE

MEASUREMENT TYPE .

PDH/DSn JITTER

EXTENDED

RECEIVE

The choices made on the jitter receive interface determine the threshold
level for determining a jitter hit. The measurement Range and the
Filters are not selectable.

SONET

JITTER

HOW TO: 1 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

2 Choose the HIT THRESHOLD level - if the received jitter exceeds the

value chosen a jitter hit is recorded.

EXTENDED

19

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Receive Interface

Setting Wander Receive Interface

Description: You can measure Wander at all DSn and SONET rates. An external

timing reference should be selected on the or

SONET MAIN SETTINGS

display to ensure accurate Wander results.

TRANSMIT

PDH/DSn

HOW TO: 1 Choose an external timing reference on the

MAIN SETTINGS

display. See, “Setting SONET Transmit Interface”

page 4.

2 If you intend to measure wander on a DSn signal, set up the DSn

receive interface. See, “Setting DSn Receive Interface” page 15.

3 If you intend to measure wander on a SONET signal, set up the

SONET receive interface. See, “Setting SONET Receive Interface”
page 17.

4 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

WANDER

5 Choose the wander HIT THRESHOLD - if the received wander

exceeds the value chosen a wander hit is recorded.

20

TRANSMIT

SONET