FUNCTION GENERATOR
USER MANUAL
FUNCTION GENERATOR
USER MANUAL
EC Declaration of Conformity
We
GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT CO., LTD.
No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng City, Taipei County 236, Taiwan
GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT (SUZHOU) CO., LT D.
No.69 Lushan Road, Suzhou New District Jiangsu, China.
declares that the below mentioned product
GFG-8210A
is herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive
on the Approximation of the Law of Member States relating to Electromagnetic
Compatibility (89/336/EEC, 92/31/EEC, 93/68/EEC) and Low Voltage Equipment
Directive (73/23/EEC, 93/68/EEC).
For the evaluation regarding the Electromagnetic Compatibility and Low Voltage
Equipment Directive, the following standards were applied:
EN 61326-1: Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use ––
EMC requirements (1997+A1: 1998)
Conducted and Radiated Emissions
EN 55011 Group I class A: 1998
Current Harmonic
EN 61000-3-2: 1995
Voltage Fluctuation
EN 61000-3-3: 1995
Electrostatic Discharge
EN 61000-4-2: 1995
Radiated Immunity
EN 61000-4-3: 1996
Electrical Fast Transients
EN 61000-4-4: 1995
Surge Immunity
EN 61000-4-5: 1995
Conducted Susceptibility
EN 61000-4-6: 1996
Power Frequency Magnetic field
EN 61000-4-8: 1993
Voltage Dips/ Interrupts
EN 61000-4-11: 1994
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE
1. SAFETY SUMMARY…………………………………………….. 1
2. INTRODUCTION…………………………………… ……… …… 5
3. SPECIFICATION………………………………………………… 6
4. FUNCTION DESCRIPTION.………………………………… …. 11
5. USAGE DESCRIPTION…………………………………………. 14
6. APPLICATION NOTE…………………………………………… 20
7. MAINTENANCE…………………………………………………. 30
Low Voltage Equipment Direc ti ve 73/23/EEC & amended by 93/68/EEC
Safety Requirements
IEC/EN 61010-1: 2001
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1. SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS
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Please take a moment to review these safety terms and symbols which
may appear in this manual or on Equipment to prevent damage to the
Function Generators.
Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not
directly connected to MAINS.
Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits
directly connected to the low voltage installation.
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the
building installation.
Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source
of the low-voltage installation.
WARNING. Warning statements identify condition or
practices that could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or
practices that could result in damage to this product or
DANGER High Voltage
ATTENTION refer to Manual
Protective Conductor Terminal
(ground) Earth Terminal
Frame or Chassis Terminal
other property.
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FOR UNITED KINGDOM ONLY
NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by
competent persons
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in
accordance with the following code:
Green/ Yellow: Earth
Blue: Neutral
Brown: Live(Phase)
As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond
with the colours marking identified in your plug/appliance,
proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the
terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or
Black.
The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the
terminal marked with the letter L or P or coloured Brown or
Red.
If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the
equipment or contact the supplier.
This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated
and approved HBC mains fuse: refer to the rating information
on the equipment and/or user instructions for details. As a
guide, cable of 0.75mm² should be protected by a 3A or 5A
fuse. Larger conductors would normally require 13A types,
depending on the connection method used.
Any moulded mains connector that requires removal
/replacement must be destroyed by removal of any fuse &
fuse carrier and disposed of immediately, as a plug with
bared wires is hazardous if a engaged in live socket. Any rewiring must be carried out in accordance with the information
detailed on this label.
The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be
connected to the Earth terminal marked with the letter E or by
the earth symbol
or coloured Green or Green & Yellow.
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2. INTRODUCTION
The GFG-8210A Function Generator is a stable low distortion
instrument which generate signals in the frequency range up to 10 MHz.
Typical applications include a wide range of audio response testing
applications, vibration testing, servo system evaluation, ultra sound
applications, and etc.
The instrument includes the following features: logarithmic and linear
sweep capabilities, together with a built in frequency counter. The
sweep capability simplifies the task of finding resonant points of speakers,
filter networks and other networks structures. An oscilloscope may be
connected to this instrument for the response to be displayed. The
counter can be switched to measure and display the frequency of an
external signal up to 150MHz.
z ADDITIONAL FEATURES
1. Low distortion waveforms (sine, triangular and square).
2. Signal output in eight decade stages, 0.1Hz to 10MHz.
3. Adjustable sweep time and sweep width both in linear and
logarithmic modes.
4. Duty cycle control with signal inversion capability.
5. External Voltage controlled Frequency (VCF).
6. A second output for TTL or adjustable CMOS pulses.
7. 50 ohm main signal output with DC offset adjustment and 20dB
attenuation capability.
8. Supplied with two BNC test leads and AC power cord set.
3. SPECIFICATION
GFG-8210A
1. Main
Frequency Range
Amplitude
Impedance
Attenuator
DC Offset
Duty Control 15%:85%:15% to 1MHz Continued variable(square wave only)
Display 6 digits LED display
2. Sine Wave
Distortion
Flatness
3. Triangle Wave
Linear
4. Square Wave
Symmetry
Rise time
5. CMOS Output
Max. Frequency 2MHz
Level
Rise or Fall Time
6. TTL Output
Level
Rise or Fall Time
7. VCF
Input voltage
Input Impedance
0.1Hz～10MHz (8 Ranges)
≧10Vpp (into 50Ωload)
50Ω±10％
-20dB±1dB×2
＜-5V～＞5V (into 50Ωload)
1％ typical , <5% max at 1kHz.
±0.45dB (±5%)
≧98％ to 100kHz
±2％, 1Hz～100kHz
≦35ns
≦4Vpp～14.5Vpp±0.5Vpp adjustable
≦120ns
≧3Vpp
≦20ns
0V～10V (100:1)
10kΩ±10％
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GFG-8210A
8. Sweep Operation
Sweep/Manual Switch selector
Sweep/Rate
Sweep/Time
Sweep/Mode Lin./Log. switch selector
Sweep Out
＞100:1 ratio max. and adjustable
0.5Sec～30Sec adjustable
0V~10±1V
9. Frequency Counter
Int./Ext. Switch selector
Range
Accuracy
Time Base
Resolution
Input Impedance
Sensitivity
0.1Hz～10MHz (5Hz~150MHz EXT)
Time base accuracy ±1 count
±20ppm (23℃±5℃) after 30 minutes warm up
The maximum resolution is 100nHz for 1Hz and 1Hz for
100MHz.
1MΩ/150nF
≦35mVrms(5Hz~100MHz)
≦45mVrms(100MHz~150MHz)
10. General
Power Source
Operation
Environment
Storage temperature
& Humidity
Accessories
Dimension 251(W)×91(H)×291(D) m/m
Weigh
AC115V, 230V±15% 50/60Hz
Indoor use, altitude up to 2000m.
Ambient T emperature 0℃ to 40℃.
Relative Humidity 80% (Maximum).
Installation category II
Pollution Degree 2
-10℃ to 70℃.
70% (Maximum).
GTL-101 × 2
Instruction manual × 1
Approx. 2.2 kg
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WARNING：To avoid electrical shock, the power cord
protective grounding conductor must be connected to
ground.
CAUTION：To avoid damaging the instrument, do not use
it in a place where ambient temperature exceeds 40℃.
CAUTION：To avoid damaging the instrument, do not
input more than DC15V to V.C.F.(V.C.G .).
CAUTION：To avoid damaging the instrument, do not
input more than AC150V to Frequency Counters
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z Fig 4.1 FRONT PANEL
z Fig.4-2 REAR PANEL
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4. FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
1. Power Switch Connect the AC power, then press power switch.
2. Gate Time
Indicator
2a. Gate Time
Selector
3. Over Indicator In the external counter mode, the indicator is
4. Counter Display Shows the external frequency by 6×0.3" green display,
5. Frequency
Indicator
6. Gate Time
Indicator
7. Frequency Range
Selector
Press the power switch, Gate time indicator will start
to flash (the gate time of internal counter is 0.01
second).
Press this key to change gate time when use external
counter mode. The change order is according to 0.01s,
0.1s, 1s and 10s cycle by pressing these keys.
illuminated when the output frequency is greater than
the range selected.
and shows the internal frequency by 5×0.3" green
display.
Indicate the current frequency value.
Indicate the current Gate time (external. counter mode
use only).
To select the required frequency range by pressing the
relevant push button on the panel as shown in
T abl e 1.
Table 1
Push bottom 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M
0.1Hz
1Hz
Frequency
Range
∣
1Hz
∣
10Hz
10Hz
∣
100Hz
8. Function Selector Press one of the three push buttons to select the desired
output waveform.
9. Duty Fu nction Pull out and rotate the knob to adjust the duty cycle o
the waveform (Square wave only).
10. TTL/CMOS Selector
When push in the knob, the BNC terminal of
output a TTL compatible waveform. If pull out and
rotate the knob can adjust the CMOS compatible output
(5-15Vpp) from the output of BNC
11. DC Offset Control Pull out the knob to select any DC level of the
waveform between ± 10V, turn clockwise to set a
positive DC level waveform and invert for a negative
DC level waveform.
12. Out put Amplitude
Control with
Attenuation
Turn clockwi se fo r MAX. output and invert f or a –20d B
output. Pull the knob out for an additional 20dB output
attenuation.
Operation
12a. 20dB Attenuation
13. MANU/SWEEP
Selector and
Frequency
Adjustment (Sweep
ON/OFF)
Press the knob to adjust a –20dB output.
Press and turn clockwise the knob for MAX frequency
and invert for MIN frequency (Keep the pointer within
the scale range on the panel)
Pull out the knob to start the auto sweep operation; the
upper frequency limit is determined by the knob
position.
100Hz
∣
1kHz
1kHz
∣
10kHz
10kHz
∣
100kHz
100kHz
∣
1MHz
.
1M
∣
10M
will
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f
14. Sweep Time
Control and
LIN/LOG Selector
14a. Sweep Rate
(Width) C ontrol
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(1) Rotate the outer knob clockwise to adjust sweep time
for MAX, or invert for M I N.
(2) To proceed Linear sweep mode by pushing in the
knob, or select LOG sweep mode by pulling out the
knob.
Sweep width can be cont r ol l ed from 0 to 1000 times.
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5. USAGE DESCRIPTION
The function generator can provide versatile waveforms of high
efficiency and convenient operation. Familiarize yourselves with the
function thoroughly through Operation Manual and practice with all
accurate operation procedures can lead you to easily master the
performance of the Function Generat or.
15. INT/E X T Counter
Selector
Select internal counter mode (count the frequency o
model) or select EXT counter mode for an independent
counter (input signal from BNC
16. EXT. Counter
Accepts external signals for measurement.
Input T erminal
17. TTL/CMOS
TTL/CMOS compatible signal output
Output T erm inal
18. VCF IN/S wee p
Out T erm inal
(1).Use to connect the input voltage required to perform
the “voltage control frequency” operation or the EXT
modulation operation.
(2).In Sweep mode, this terminal will output sweep
signal.
19. Main Out put
Main signal output.
Terminal
20. Power Switch 115V and 230V selectable.
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).
It is one of the best ways to observe waveforms by connecting the
instrument to Oscilloscope. Watch the effect in different control of
waveforms through Oscilloscope carefully when proceeding the following
steps:
5-1.First-step check:
(1) Ensure that the voltage of the main supply is compatible with this
instrument. The label on the rear panel states the required AC voltage.
(2) Connect the instrument to the main supply using the power cord
supplied.
(3) Press PWR switch
then rotate AMPL
(4) Rotate the FREQ
1
and ensure all the rotary controls are pushed in,
12
knob to make the indicat i on point up forward.
13
control fully anticlockwise.
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5-2.Triangle, square and sine wave
(1) First select Function
8
, and select Range
set the required frequency (read out from display window).
(2) At this moment, connect Output
output signal, or connect to other experiment circuit .
(3) Rotate AMPL
12
again to control wavef o rm amplitude.
(4) If attenuation output signal is required, pull out AMPL
obtain 20dB attenuation or press
attenuation.
(5) The phase-relation of Output Waveform shown in Figure 1 as
below:
z Figure 1.
7
, rotate FREQ 13 , to
, to oscilloscope for observing
12
knob to
knob for additional 20dB
5-3. Pulse wave generation
(1) First press the key ( ) of Function
and rotate FREQ
(2) Connect output-terminal
13
, to set required frequency range.
to oscilloscope for observing output
signal.
(3) Pull out and rotate Duty k to adjust the width of pulse waveform.
(4) Adjust AMPL
(5) Pull out AMPL
12
knob to control pulse amplitude.
12
knob to get 20dB attenuation of out p ut.
8
; then select Range
5-4.Ramp wave generation
(1) First press the key ( ) of Function
7
, rotate FEEQ 13 switch to set required frequency range.
(2) Connect output-terminal
to oscilloscope for observing output
signal.
(3) Pull out and rotate DUTYk to adjust the slope of ramp waveform.
(4) Adjust AMPL
12
knob to control output amplitude of ramp
waveform.
(5) Pull out AMPL
12
knob to obtain 20dB attenuation of o utput .
8
, then select Range
5-5.TTL/CMOS signal output
(1) First select Range 7, rotate FREQ 13 to set required frequency
range.
(2) Connect BNC connector of TTL/CMOS
other experiment circuit f or observing output signal.
(3) At this moment, output is square waveform fixing to TTL level;
suits for general TTL integrated circuit.
(4) If square waveform of CMOS level is required, can pull out CMOS
10
knob to adjust voltage level.
to oscilloscope or to
7
,
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5-6.Variation of external voltage-controlled frequency
This mode of operation allows the user to adjust the frequency of the
function generator with an external DC control Voltage. It also provides
an easy way for your adjustment.
(1) Select Function
8
first, then select Range 7, rotate FREQ
to set required frequency range.
(2) Connect external control voltage (0~10V) to the VCF
connector via a suitable lead, an d generate signal from Output .
(3) Other adjustments, such as AMPL
amplitude of signal, or get attenuation; adjust Offset
12
switch can change
11
for DC
level, rotate Duty k switch can change output signal of pulse or
ramp waveform etc..
5-7.Auto Sweep
(1) First select the required waveform by pressing Function 8 button,
then select required frequency range by pressing range
button.
(2) Connect output terminal
to oscilloscope for observing output
signal.
(3) Rotate frequency
(4) Pull out frequency
(5) Rotate SWEEP/TIME
13
to determine the upper limit frequency.
13
to perform auto-sweep operation.
14
and SWEEP/RATE to adjust
14a
sweep time and rate.
(6) Pull out (press) LIN/LOG
14
to obtain LOG (LIN) swee p mode.
Note: The sweep width can only be adjusted during the sweep cycle
and it can not be stopped.
7
13
push
5-8. Precaution item
(1) Adjust DC OFFSET, will provide to change voltag e of ±10V (no
load) or ±5V (50Ω load). However, signal added DC level, is
still limited to ±20V (no load) or ± 10V (50Ω load). In case of
over-voltage, clip will appear as shown in Figure 2:
(2) Output connector label 50 Ω , indicated that signal source
impedance is 50Ω. Connect to any of impedance circuit, but
output voltage and terminal impedance will be rated. To avoid
oscillation, terminal shall be connected to 50Ω (When using high
frequency and square output), and its connecting line shall be as
short as possible.
(3) When adjust Duty knob to leftward position, the ratio of positive
state to negative state, expand to not less than 80:20. It can expand
Square wave to Pulse wave, expand Triangle wave to Ramp wave
and Sine wave to unsymmetrical Sine wave. As shown in Figure 3
is for adjustment of Duty control to obtain required waveform.
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z Figure 2.
z Figure 3.
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6. APPLICA TION NOTE
This section describes the application of the Function Generators in
details as well as a brief description relating to the block diagram. Only
for the essential application method.
(A) Tr ouble -s hoot ing by usi ng si gnal -traci n g met hod.
This method is similar to signal replacing way. The signal of model
will be fixedly sent to input terminal. Observing its signal wave on the
oscilloscope from front stage to rear stage orderly until appear a
signal with normal input but with abnormal output.
(B) Use as bias source and signal source circuit.
Utilize the Figure 4 of connecting type, which can provide bias of a
transistor and signal input. The output waveform can be observed
from oscilloscope. Adjust to the best condition with output max.
amplitude and no distortion. Adjust DC OFFSET to see the different
effect of different bias condition.
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(C) Amplifier over-load characteristics
The Sine wave input will be different from output the ov erload point.
Using Triangle wave will easily observe the display of oscilloscope.
It can decide the linear range of output waveform. And the largest nodistortion output amplitude.
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(D) Using the Square wave test the characteristics of amplifier circuit.
It can’t actually explain the transient response of amplifier by using
Sine wave for the frequency response curve observation, but using
the high order poly-wave, Square wave, instead to display its
waveform from the oscilloscope can show up many characteristics of
amplifier.
(a) Using the circuit of figure 5, the 50Ω connector trim the
oscillation effect of Square wave.
(b) Use the output of Triangle wave, adjust the amplitude until there
are no clipping happened i n t he applied frequency.
(c) Select Square wave, adjust frequency, choose to watch the
waveform of middle of amplifier pass band, like 20Hz, 1kHz,
10kHz and etc.
(d) The output waveform of (c), must get something with frequency
Figure 6 shows some possible conditions.
CAUTION: The composed poly-wave frequency of
Square wave is quite large, so it’s not suitable for the
narrow band amplifier testing.
(E) Test of logic circuit
This equipment is suitable for logic circuit testing. Using Square or
Pulse wave can analyze or watch the frequency waveform of a
designed testing circuit. Also the DC Offset effect, drive the plug-in
model board or logic circuit trouble-shooting and etc. Used as
signal tracing and signal replaci n g operation:
(a) Connect the lines as Figure 7.
(b) According to the operation guide in this manual, set Square wave
or Pulse wave output.
(c) Use the label TTL, CMOS output terminal testing TTL logic
circuit.
(d) To test CMOS circuit by pulling up the switch of TTL/CMOS,
and adjust CMOS level by rotating the switch to set the proper
level
(e) Use dual-trace scope to show the input-output timing relation
judged by the two waves shown in Figure 4.
(F) Testing of speaking and impedance network
This equipment can be used to test the frequency characteristics of
speaker or any impedance network. It also can get the resonant
frequency of network.
(a) Connect the device under test as in Figure 8, can use oscilloscope
instead of voltmeter.
(b) When use voltmeter, adjust the frequency of instrument record
down voltage relative to frequency.
(c) When testing speaker, if there is a peak volt value, when in low
freq., this must be the resonant freq. of this speaker, see Figure
10. Whether installation may cause any effect to this frequency
or not? The proper design of case-installation will cause two
small ramps on both sides of this sharp ram p.
(d) In testing other impedance network, the resonant may not occur
in low frequency. But in approaching the resonant frequency,
there are still increasing in voltage, then the impedance can be
tested as following:
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(1) Series connect a R1 to the network under test as in Figure 9.
(2) Get voltage readout in E1, E2, adjust R1 until E2 is equal to
one half of E1.
(3) Under this frequency, the impedance network is the same as
the R1.
(G) Act as automatic test of speaker
Because there provide the auto feature in this equipment, the output
can drive to amplifier for testing the frequency response of speaker.
(a) Set Auto/Manual to Auto position.
(b) Set function t o Sine wave.
(c) Set Range to 20kHz.
(d) Sweep mode (LIN, LOG), sweep width, s weep ti me can be set
in any value.
(e) The line connected is showed in Figure 11.
z FIGURE 4
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z FIGURE 5
z FIGURE 6
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z FIGURE 7
z FIGURE 8
z FIGURE 9
z FIGURE 10
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z FIGURE 11
7. MAINTENANCE
The following instructions are used by qualified person only. To avoid
electrical shock, do not perform any service other than contained in the
operation instructions unless you are qualified to do so.
7-1.Fuse Rating and type
If the fuse blows, the FUNCTION GENERATOR will not operate.
Try to determine and correct the cause of the blown fuse, then replace the
fuse with the correct rating and type shown below:
MODEL
GFG8210A T0.25A 250V T0.125A 250V 22 28
WARNING: For continued fire protection, replace only
with a 250V fuse of the specified type and rating, and
disconnect the power cord before proceeding fuse
replacement.
FUSE Rating and Type Rating Input
115V 230V W atts VA
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7-2.Fuse Replacement Procedure
When proceed calibration or maintenance of the Function
Generators, if want to replace the fuse, the upper cover must be removed
according to the following steps:
1). The handle must be turned downward 90 degrees first.
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2). Pull apart the handle from the Function Generator. Please turn the
handle left and right side slightly, that will make easier to pull off the
handle.
3). There are two washers inside of two holes (the joints of handle and
case) respectively. Please use a screwdriver to pry open these
washers.
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4). Please use a screwdriver to open the screw located at upper side of rear
panel. Therefore, the upper cover can pull toward the ba ckside. In th e
meantime, the upper cover is moved.
Note: If you want to install the upper cover, please reverse above
steps.
7-3. Cleaning
To keep the instrument clean, wipe the case with a damp cloth and
detergent. Do not use abrasives o r solvents .
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