Grass Valley KAM-XM-SERIES User Manual

KAM-XM-SERIES

KAM-XM-UDC/UPC/UNC/DNC MODULES

Instruction Manual

SOFTWARE VERSION 1.4.1

071833002
AUGUST 2005

Contacting Grass Valley

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Support: 530-478-4148

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Copyright © Thomson Broadcast and Media Solutions All rights reserved.

Grass Valley Web Site

Sales: [phone]
Support: [phone]

[phone]

Grass Valley
P.O. Box 599000
Nevada City, CA 95959­7900 USA

www.thomsongrassvalley.com

The www

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.thomsongrassvalley.com web site offers the following:

— Current versions of product catalogs, brochures,
data sheets, ordering guides, planning guides, manuals, and release notes
in .pdf format can be downloaded.

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— Solutions to problems and troubleshooting efforts can be

found by searching our Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) database.

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— Software updates, drivers, and patches can be down-

loaded.

2 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Contents

Preface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

KAM-XM Series
Up/Down Conversion Modules

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Module Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Supported Up/Down Conversion Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Quick Start Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Module Placement in the 2000 Frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

KAM-XM-R Rear Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

GPI0 Connections for GPI Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Power Up and Module Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Configuration and Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Configuration Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Up and Down Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Format Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Aspect Ratio Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Proc Amp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Detail Enhance Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Noise Reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Spike Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Brickwall Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Temporal Recursive Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Color Legalizer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

GPI and E-MEM Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Configuration Summary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Newton Control Panel Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Web Page Operations and Functional Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Links and Web Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Status Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

License Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Setup Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Format Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Aspect Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Proc Amp Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Detail Enhance Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Spike Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Brickwall Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 3

Contents

Temporal Recursive Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Mosquito Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Advanced Aperture Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Color Legalizer Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Grain Insertion Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

GPI Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

E-MEM Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Slot Config Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Software Update Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Power-up Diagnostics Failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Module Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Index

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

4 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Preface

About This Manual

This manual describes the features of a specific 2000 Series module in the
Kameleon Media Processing System. As part of this module family, it is
subject to Safety and Regulatory Compliance described in the 2000 Series
frame and power supply documentation (see the 2000 Series Frames Instruc-

tion Manual

).

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 5

Preface

6 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

KAM-XM Series Up/Down Conversion Modules

Introduction

This manual covers installation, configuration and operation of the fol­lowing Kameleon KAM-XM Series modules:

• KAM-XM-UDC – HDTV Up/Down Converter

• KAM-XM-UPC – HDTV High Quality Up Converter

• KAM-XM-UNC – HDTV Up Converter with Advanced SDTV Noise
Reduction

• KAM-XM-DNC – HDTV Down Converter

Module functionality is summarized in Table 1.

Table 1. KAM-XM Up and Down Converter Module Summary

Function KM-XM-UDC KM-XM-UPC KM-XM-UNC KM-XM-DNC

Aspect Ratio Control X X X X

Proc Amp Adjustments (for video processing) X X X X

Color Space Conversion X X X X

Detail Enhancement X X X X

Spike Filter (Adaptive Median filtering) X

Brickwall Filter X

Temporal Recursive Filter (Auto or Manual mode) X

GPI Control (3 external GPI inputs controlling E-MEMs) X X X X

Color Legalizer Control X X X X

First 2 audio groups of HD video are re-embedded into SDI
stream

First 2 audio groups of SDTV video re-embedded into HD out­put stream with compensating delay.

Re-insertion of Closed Caption data into HD output stream X X X

XX

XXX

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 7

Module Descriptions

The KAM-XM Up/Down conversion series modules also feature:

• Proprietary Teranex™ PixelMotion™ De-interlacing,

• Support of SD and HD video with embedded audio, including
Dolby-E,

• Hot-swap capability,

• Operates in the same frame with other 2000 and Kameleon modules,

• Three external GPI inputs to trigger selectable Preset 1-10 registers,

• Network control with the Newton Control Panel or Kameleon web con­trol, and

• Support of NetConfig™ configuration tool and NetCentral™
SNMP-based monitoring system.

Module Descriptions

Each KAM-XM module uses the same circuit board with the application
software enabled for the particular module type. The module type is iden­tified by a sticker on the circuit board and the Model name is identified in
the web page header. For up/down conversion rates supported, refer to

Table 2 on page 9.

The modules described in this manual include the following:

• KAM-XM-UDC – supports broadcast quality up and down conversion
of SD and HD video with embedded audio with the standard conver­sion controls. This application utilizes de-interlacing on a
pixel-by-pixel basis for preserving fine detail from the original image.
Down conversion offers an anti-aliasing filter.

• KAM-XM-UNC – supports broadcast quality HD up conversion for
SDI video with or without embedded audio with the standard conver­sion controls. In addition, this module also offers advanced noise
reduction with adaptive median spike, brickwall, and temporal recur­sive filter controls. This application utilizes de-interlacing on a
pixel-by-pixel basis for preserving fine detail from the original image.

• KAM-XM-UPC – supports broadcast quality HD up conversion for SDI
video with or without embedded audio with the standard conversion
controls. This application utilizes de-interlacing on a pixel-by-pixel
basis for preserving fine detail from the original image.

• KAM-XM-DNC – this broadcast quality down converter application
also utilizes de-interlacing on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Once the image
has been de-interlaced and down converted, detail enhancement can be
applied to the image to further shape the output. The first two groups
of audio from the HD video are re-embedded into the standard defini­tion SDI video signal.

8 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Supported Up/Down Conversion Rates

The modules support the conversion rates summarized in Table 2.

Table 2. Format Conversion Input/Output Combinations

Input Format Output Format UNC UPC DNC UDC

480i59.94 480i59.94 X X X

480i59.94 720p59.94 X X X

480i59.94 1080i59.94 X X X

576i50 576i50 X X X

576i50 720p50 X X X

576i50 1080i50 X X X

720p50 576i50 X X

720p59.94 480i59.94 X X

1080i50 576i50 X X

1080i59.94 480i59.94 X X

Module Descriptions

KAM-XM-

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 9

System Requirements

System Requirements

Operation of the KAM-XM modules in 2000 Series frames has the following
hardware and software requirements:

• Modules must be installed in a 2000T1DNG or 2000T3DNG Kameleon
2000 Series frame containing a a 2000GEN module.

• The frame must have a 2000NET module with assembly number
671-5231-01 or later running software version 3.2.2 or later.

Note

All KAM-XM module sets require two vertical module slots of frame space.
Frame density for the 1 RU frame is two module sets and six module sets
for a fully stuffed 3 RU frame. Both dual and single height Kameleon and
2000 modules can be mixed in the frames.

These requirements are necessary for proper cooling support and interface
to the Newton Control Panel configuration, NetConfig and GUI control, and
SNMP monitoring.

Existing Kameleon frames can be upgraded with the necessary
modules and software for proper operation. Contact your sales repre­sentative for more information.

10 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Quick Start Guide

This Quick Start Guide is provided for an overview of installing the
KAM-XM modules. Each step gives you a link to a more detailed descrip­tion of each process.

1.

3.

2.

4.

6.

7.

Install the KAM-XM modules in the 2000 Kameleon frame. Install the
XM-IO-1 Rear module first, then install the front module in the
corresponding front slot ( Module Placement in the 2000 Frame on

page 12).

Connect the 2000 frame to the network and navigate the web browser
to the frame. This process is described in detail in the 2000NET
Instruction Manual available on-line.

Navigate to the module you would like to configure and click on the
appropriate slot to access the module links ( Links and Web Pages on

page 38).

Quick Start Guide

Click on the Slot Config link on the left side of the page ( Slot Config Web

Page on page 65). This page allows you to assign a name to this module.

Assigning easily recognizable names will help later in the configuration
process.

5.

Cable the rear module signal connections ( Cabling on page 16).

Configure the input and output formats on the Format web page
( Format Web Page on page 44).

Configure the Reference source on the Setup web page ( Setup Web Page

on page 42). Select the type of reference from either the input signal or

an external reference (2000GEN module installed in the 2000 frame).

8.

Continue with module configuration depending on the module type.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 11

Installation

Installation

Module Placement in the 2000 Frame

Installation of a KAM-XM module set is a process of:

• Placing the KAM-XM rear module in a frame slot,

• Placing the front media module in the corresponding front slot, and

• Cabling signal ports.

There are twelve slot locations in both the front and rear of a Kameleon
3 RU frame to accommodate KAM-XM modules. A KAM-XM module set
consists of a front media module and a dual height rear module that
requires two module slots.

Each KAM-XM front media module plugs into the front of the 2000 frame
mid-plane. The rear module plugs into the corresponding rear slot to
provide the input and output interface connectors.

A 3 RU 2000T3 frame fully stuffed with KAM-XM front and rear modules
will accommodate up to six module sets. A 1 RU 2000T1 frame will accom­modate up to 2 module sets.

The KAM-XM front and rear module can be plugged in and removed from
a Kameleon 2000 Series frame with power on. When power is applied to the
module, LED indicators reflect the initialization process (see

Module Status

To install a KAM-XM module set in a frame:

For fully stuffing a 3 RU frame with KAM-XM modules, locate a vacant

1.

slot in slot 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 of the rear of the frame (Figure 1 on

page 13). The rear module uses two slots.

Note

on page 19).

This configuration (using slots 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) is only suggested when fully
stuffing the frame with KAM-XM modules. There are no restrictions on which
slot to use as long as there is room in the frame. You may use any two slots
(odd or even numbered) for a KAM-XM module with any Kameleon or 2000
module combination.

Power Up and

12 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Mid-frame motherboard

with power and

communication buses

Slot 8

Slot 10

Figure 1. 2000T3NG Frame, Rear View

Installation

Slot 2

Slot 4

Slot 12

Power connections

Slot 6

Use rear media module slots 2, 4, and 6Use rear media module slots 8, 10, and 12

For a 1 RU frame, place the rear module in the lower slot as shown in

Figure 2.

Figure 2. 2000T1DNG Frame, Rear View

1

3

J101

J102

2

4

Media section
rear slots 3-4

Network

and reference

input connections

Media section

rear slots 1-2

8330_05r1

8330_17

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 13

Installation

Insert the rear module into the vacant rear slot of the frame as
illustrated in Figure 3.

Verify that the module connector seats properly against the midplane.

Using a crossblade screwdriver, tighten the two screw locks to secure
the module in the frame.

Figure 3. Installing KAM-XM Rear Module

2000 frame (rear view)

Alignment post

and receptacle

Board edge guides
(both sides)

Screw locks
(both sides)

2.

3.

4.

5.

RS-232

J7

Locate the front slot 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 in the frame corresponding to the
rear module circuit board. The 3 RU frame front view is illustrated in

Figure 4 and the 1 RU frame is shown in Figure 5 on page 15.

Note

Figure 4. 2000T3 Frame, Front Slots

Network Slot (13)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Module slots where the KAM-XM should be installed are highlighted in gray
for a fully stuffed 2000T3 frame and for any 2000T1 frame.

(13)

(15)

GP10

LOOPINOUT2OUT1

J5

J4J5

J1

J2

8330_03r1

Reference Distribution Slot (15)

Main Power Supply Slot (18)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

Fan Sled
Slot (19)

8173-04r1

Secondary Power

Supply Slot (20)

Front Media Slots (1-12)

14 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Figure 5. 2000T1 Frame, Front Slots

Network Slot (5)

Reference Distribution Slot (6)

Power Supply Slot (7)

Installation

6.

8.

(1)

(2)

(5)

(6)

(3)

(4)

Front Media Slots (1-4)

With the component side up, insert the front media module in the
corresponding front slot (see Figure 6).

7.

Verify that the module connector seats properly against the midplane
and rear module connector.

Press firmly on both ejector tabs to seat the module.

Figure 6. Installing Front Media Module

2000 Frame (front view)

Alignment post and receptacle

8039-21

Board edge

guides

Board edge

guides

8330-10

KAM-XM

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 15

Installation

Cabling

All cabling to the KAM-XM module set is done on the corresponding Dual
Height KAM-XM-R rear module (XM-IO-1) at the back of the 2000 frame.

KAM-XM-R Rear Module Connections

Refer to Figure 7 for an illustration of the KAM-XM rear module.

The KAM-XM rear module provides the following input and output and
control connections.

• IN (BNC)– a serial digital input that may be either standard definition
(SD) or high definition (HD) video depending on the front module
type.

• LOOP (BNC)– provides an output for the input signal to be looped to
another destination.

XM-IO-1

RS-232

• OUT1 (BNC)– this serial digital output connection can be either SD or
HD depending on the front module type and the output format
selected.

• OUT2 (BNC)– this serial digital output connection can be either SD or
HD depending on the front module type and the output format
selected.

• RS-232 Port (DB-9, Male) – this serial port allows a direct interface to the
module for testing and configuration purposes. This port is not nor­mally used.

• GPI0 Port (DB-9, Female) – this port allows connection of external GPI
(General Purpose Interface) signals to the module as described in GPI0

Connections for GPI Control on page 18.

Figure 7. KAM-XM Rear Module Input/Output Connectors

GPI0

LOOPINOUT2OUT1

J7

16 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

J6

J4J5

J2

J1

8330_02

Installation

KAM-XM-UPC

For a KAM-XM-UPC HDTV Up Converter, connect the SD signal to be up
converted to the IN (J2) BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to
another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device.

KAM-XM-UDC

For a KAM-XM-UDC HDTV Up/Down Converter, connect the SD signal
to be up converted or the HD signal to be down converted to the IN (J2)
BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to another destination if
required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device if up con­verting or the SDTV device if down converting.

KAM-XM-UNC

For a KAM-XM-UNC HDTV Up Converter with advanced SDTV noise
reduction, connect the SD signal to be up converted to the IN (J2) BNC.
Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1) BNC to another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the HDTV device.

KAM-XM-DNC

For a KAM-XM-DNC Down Converter, connect the HDTV signal to be
down converted to the IN (J2) BNC. Loop the signal from the LOOP (J1)
BNC to another destination if required.

Connect the OUT1 (J5) and OUT2 (J4) BNCs to the SDTV device.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 17

Installation

GPI0 Connections for GPI Control

The KAM-XM modules can receive up to three General Purpose Interface
(GPI) external triggers to automatically activate specific user preset
E-MEM registers configured on the GPI (page 58) and E-MEM web pages
(page 59). Customer-supplied external GPI triggers are wired through con­nector J6 (GPIO) on the rear module.

Inputs to the GPI are held high and expect a contact closure to ground to
activate the programmed presets. There is a 100 mA maximum sink to
ground.

Table 3 provides pinouts for the GPI I/O control port, connector J6.

Table 3. Connector GP10 Wiring for GPI Control

GPIO Control Pin Connector J6

1 GPI Input 1

Pin 1

D-9 Female

Pin 6

Pin 5

Pin 9

2 GPI Input 2

3 GPI Input 3

4 Reserved

5 System Ground

6 System Ground

7 Not Connected

8 Reserved

8330_12

9 Reserved

18 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Power Up and Module Status

The front LED indicators are illustrated in Figure 8.

Upon power-up, the green PWR LED should light.

Note The KAM-XM module will take approximately 25 seconds to boot up.

Refer to Table 4 on page 20 to see a complete list of possible operating con-
ditions and the resulting indicator status.

Figure 8. Front Edge LEDs Indicators

Power Up and Module Status

FAULT

COMM

CONF

PWR

+3.3

SEQ
ACT

TC

PRSNT

AUD

PRSNT

FRM

LOCK

FBREF

ERR

UCREF

ERR

OFF

ERR

IFF

ERR

VOLT

TRIP

CH2

STAT

CH1

STAT

RESET

GND

FAULT (red)

COMM (yellow)

CONF (yellow)

PWR +3.3 (green)

SEQ ACT (green)

TC PRSNT (green)

AUD PRSNT (green)

FRM LOCK (green)

FBREF ERR (red)

UCREF ERR (red)

OFF ERR (red)

IFF ERR (red)

VOLT TRIP (red)

CH1 STAT (yellow)

RESET (green)

8269_07

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 19

Power Up and Module Status

LED Indication Condition

FAULT

(red)

COMM

(yellow)

CONF

(yellow)

PWR +3.3

(green)

SEQ ACT

(green)

TC PRSNT

(green)

AUD PRSNT

(green)

FRM LOCK

(green)

FBREF ERR

(yellow)

UCREF ERR

(yellow)

OFF ERR

(yellow)

IFF ERR
(yellow)

VOLT TRIP

(yellow)

CH1 STAT

(green)

RESET

(red)

On continuously

Long flash

3 Short Flashes Location Command received by the module from a remote control system.

Short flash Activity present on the frame communication bus.

On continuously Normal operation, module is powered.

A red FAULT LED indicates an error situation and, when noted with the
other indicator LEDs, can indicate a specific problem area. Table 4 describes
signal output and LED indications for the various input combinations and
user settings.

Table 4. Indicator LEDs and Conditions Indicated

Off Normal operation.

Module has detected an Optic 1 or Optic 2 internal fault from the submodule or a write failure has
occurred on the front module.

No input is detected for the input or the input does not match the format selected manually, no rear
module is present, or the wrong rear module is present.

Off No activity on frame communication bus.

On Module is initializing, changing operating modes, or updating firmware.

Off Module is in normal operating mode.

Off No power to module, fuse blown, or module’s DC/DC converter failed.

Off Input video not detected or PLL unlocked.

Blinking

Off No timecode or bad timecode.

On Good timecode is detected.

Off No embedded audio detected.

On Embedded audio detected.

Off Input to output frame rates are not locked.

On Normal operation, input to output frame rates are locked.

Off No FrameBuilder refresh error detected.

On FrameBuffer refresh error detected, output could be corrupted such as bad output image.

Off No Microcode refresh error detected.

On Microcode refresh error detected, Microcode memory could be corrupted.

Off Normal operation, no Output FIFO underflow/overflow error detected.

On Output FIFO underflow/overflow error condition detected.

Off Normal operation, no input FIFO underflow/overflow error condition detected.

On Input FIFO is detecting underflow/overflow error condition.

Off Normal state, no under voltage trip detected.

On Under voltage trip detected, one or more supply voltages is below specification.

Off No input detected or bad input.

On Normal operation, good input detected.

Off Normal operation, board is not in Reset mode.

On Module is in reset mode, including FPGA configuration sequence.

Normal operation, Sequencer Active LED should be blinking to Indicate good video input and PLLs
locked.

20 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Configuration and Adjustments

The KAM-XM modules are configured remotely using the 2000NET
network interface GUI and/or a networked Newton Control Panel.

Refer to the following sections for configuration instructions:

• Configuration Summary (page 21)

• Newton Control Panel Configuration (page 33)

• Web Browser Interface (page 34)

Operation of these control types is explained in detail in their respective
sections of this manual.

Note Before configuration, verify that system requirements have been met as

described in System Requirements on page 10.

Configuration Summary

Configuration and Adjustments

This section provides a summary of all available filters and controls that
can be adjusted on the KAM-XM module. Use this section for a summary
of what adjustments can be made. Table 5 on page 30 provides a summary
in table format of all controls and their ranges, default values, and remote
and control panel function names and locations for setting each value.

Up and Down Conversion

Up and down conversion in today’s facilities is required for interconnec­tion between video formats that have different numbers of pixels/line,
lines/field, and in some cases, a different number of fields or
frames/second. This interconnection requires the use of up and down
format conversion devices.

Up conversion involves a three dimensional process for dealing with con­version of a moving image. Moving images exist in three dimensions. The
horizontal dimension is made up of individual pixels. The vertical dimen­sion is made up of lines contained in the field or frame. These exist in what
is referred to as the spatial domain. The number of fields or frames per
second is known as the temporal domain.

Generally, the process of up conversion deals with changing the number of
pixels and lines in a format (spatial domain). This process is a form of
sample rate conversion. One main issue with this process is that of resolu­tion. Resolution cannot be created so the resolution of the original input
signal must be carefully recovered and passed to the up converted output.

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 21

Configuration and Adjustments

This is done by a process of de-interlacing the input signal so that the full
vertical detail of the input is retained. On the KAM-XM modules this is
basically accomplished by using an enhanced version of motion compen­sated de-interlacing which generates a motion vector for every pixel in the
image.

In the process of up conversion, several factors must be addressed and the
following controls are provided on the modules for these considerations:

Format Conversion

The video input to the module and the video output from the module can
be selected as desired. On the Format web page (Figure 22 on page 45), the
currently detected input is reported, the desired format pulldown is avail­able and the status of the desired conversion format is reported as avail­able.

The available input/output format combinations are summarized in

Table 2 on page 9.

Two additional controls are included in format selection described below:

• Source Material – this control is provided to further distinguish the
type of input signal to the module. Two choices are available, Auto or
Video.

When set to Auto, the module will determine if the input material orig­inated as video or film and adjust the filtering accordingly. In some sit­uations, such as broadcast applications, where the input material
cannot be as easily interpreted by the module, the user can force the
mode to Video to prevent artifacts from occurring.

• Deinterlace Type – two types of de-interlacing are provided, PixelMo­tion and Vert Interpolation.

PixelMotion is a combination of motion-adaptive de-interlacing and
diagonal filtering. When using this technique, the image is analyzed to
determine if there is any motion. This information is used to determine
the filter characteristics used to de-interlace.

Vert Interpolation de-interlacing combines the two fields of video to
create a progressive frame regardless of the amount of motion content
in the image.

22 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual

Aspect Ratio Modes

Most SD material is in a 4:3 aspect ratio while HD material is 16:9. Aspect
ratio in this case refers to the ratio of an image width to height, not related
to image size. The effect of aspect ratio in up conversion (4:3 to 16:9) is a
process of cropping, stretching, or squeezing the image. To address these
issues, the module provides a control for selecting one of three standard
aspect ratio conversion options:

• Anamorphic – this mode is designed to be used with material originally

captured with an anamorphic lens. It ensures that the top and bottom
edges of the input aspect ratio match the top and bottom edges of the
output aspect ratio. When used with standard 4:3 material, it will have
the effect of stretching the material horizontally as illustrated in

Figure 9. This results in a distortion of the geometry of the image, par-

ticularly causing circles to appear as ovals when present in the image.

Figure 9. 16:9 Anamorphic Mode

Configuration and Adjustments

16:9 conversion with horizontal stretch4:3 Original

• Common Top & Bottom – this mode ensures that the top and bottom

edges of the input image match the top and bottom edges of the output
aspect ratio. A 4:3 image set to this mode will appear centered in a 16:9
display with black bars, or pillars (pillarbox), on the left and right sides
as illustrated in Figure 10.

Figure 10. Common Top and Bottom Mode

KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual 23

Configuration and Adjustments

• Common Side (Common Left & Right) – this mode ensures that the left

Figure 11. Common Sides Mode

and right edges of the input image match the left and right edge of the
output aspect ratio. As illustrated in the Anamorphic example (Figure 9

on page 23), for a 4:3 image, the left and right edges are stretched to

match the left and right edges of the output.

In order to maintain correct geometry of the image, in Common Side
mode the input image is stretched vertically as well, creating a zoom
effect (Figure 11). This method results in correct geometry of the image
but also results in overall loss of approximately 33% of the input infor­mation in the vertical domain. This loss of information means less ver­tical information is available to the interpolation process resulting in
lowering the overall resolution of the output image.

Stretched

vertically

• FlexView – (currently only available in 480i/59.94 to 1080i/59.94 up
conversion) is a non-linear anamorphic aspect ratio designed for use
when converting 4:3 material to 16:9 without the traditional distortion
of a normal anamorphic stretch. FlexView leaves the center portion of
the image untouched and then applies increasing amounts of stretch
closer to the edges of the image, giving a more realistic conversion.

Other aspect ratio controls include the following:

• Zoom Crop – when turned on, will zoom the image by 3 pixels and then
crop the image by 3 pixels. This corrects issues that arise on the top or
bottom edge or on the left or right side of an image.

• Edge Trim – this control adjust the amount of border cropping in the X
and Y directions. It is adjustable from 0-50 or 0-20 pixels, depending on
the conversion currently in use.

• Fill Shade – this control is used when input the aspect ratio is smaller
than the output aspect ratio and there are areas in the output display
that are filled with black. The Fill Shade control adjusts the luminance
level (Y) and color (Cb and Cr) of these areas from 64 (digital black) to
940 (digital white).

24 KAM-XM-SERIES Instruction Manual