Epson TM-FX2180 User Manual

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9 Pin Impact Dot Printer

EPSON FX-2180

TM-FX2180

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT

FOR AMERICAN USERS

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against har mful interference in a residential inst al lation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful i nt erference to radio and television reception. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio and television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or mor e of the foll owi ng measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that t o whic h t he receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

WARNING

The connection of a non-shielded equipment interface cable to this equipm ent will invalidate the FCC Certification of this device and may cause interference levels that exceed the limit s established by the FCC for this equipment. I t is the responsibility of the user to obtain and use a shielded equipment int erface cable with this device. If t hi s equipment has more than one interface connector, do not leave cables connected to unused interfaces.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufact ur er could voi d t he user's authorit y t o operate the printer.

FOR CANADIAN USERS

This Class B digital appar atus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations. Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le mat eriel brouilleur du Canada.

All rights r eserved. No part of this publ ication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or t r ansmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the writ t en permi ssi on of Epson America, Inc. No patent liability is assumed with respect to use of the information contained herein. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of t his book, Epson America, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors and omissi ons.

Neither Epson America, Inc., nor its affiliates shall be liable to the purchaser of this product or third parties for dam ages, losses, costs, or expenses incurred by purchaser or third parties as a result of: accident, misuse, or abuse of this product or unauthor ized modifications, r epairs, or alterations to this product.

Epson America, Inc., shal l not be liable against any damages or probl em s ar i sing from the use of any options or any consumable products other than those designated as Original EPSON Products or EPSO N-Approved Products by Seiko Epson Corpor ation.

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

TRADEMARKS

EPSON General Notice: O ther product names used herein are for identificat ion purposes only and may be tradema r ks of their respective companies. EPSON disclaims any and all rights in

20770 Madrona Avenue Torrance, CA 90503

and ESC/P® are registered trademarks of Seiko Epson Corporation.

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

PRECAUTIONS

There are cautionary notes throughout the text to help you avoid personal injur y or equipment damage.

WARNING

Signals a precaut ion which, if ignored, could result in seri ous or fatal personal injury. Great cauti on shoul d be exercised in performing proc edur es preceded by a WARNING heading.

CAUTION

Signals a precaut ion which, if ignored, could result in damage to equipm ent. Always observe the measures listed below when performing repai r or maintenance proc edur es.

WARNING

1. Always disconnect the produc t from both the power source and host computer before perf or ming any m aintenance or repair pr oc edure.

2. No work should be performed on the unit by per sons unf amiliar with basic safety measures dictated for all electronics technicians in their line of work.

3. In perfor ming testi ng described in thi s manual, do not connect the unit to a power source until instructed to do so. W hen the power supply cable must be connected, use extrem e c aution in working on t he power supply and other electronic components.

CAUTION

1. Repairs on EPSON products should be perform ed only by an EPSON-certified repair techni cian.

2. Make certain that t he source voltage is the same as the rated v oltage listed on t he seri al number/rating plate. I f the EPSON product has a primary A C r ating different from the avail able power source, do not connect i t to the power source.

3. Always verify that the EPSON product has been disconnected from the power source before removing or replacing printed circuit boards and/or individual chi ps.

4. To protect sensit ive microprocessors and circ uitry, use stati c discharge equipment , such as anti-static wri st str aps, when accessing int er nal components.

Replace malfunctioning com ponents only with those components recommended by the manufac turer; intr oduc tion of second-source I Cs or other nonapproved components may damage the product and void any applicable EPSON warranty.

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

PREFACE

This manual describes the basic f unc tions, theory of electrical and mec hanical operations, and maintenanc e and r epair procedures of the EPSON FX-2180. The instr uc tions and procedures included her ein are intended for the exper ienced repair tec hnicians, and attention should be given to the precautions on the preceding page. T he c hapters are organized as follows:

Chapter 1. Product Description

Provides specific ations and a general overview of the printer.

Chapter 2. Operating Principles

Describes the elect r ic al and m ec hanic al oper ation of the printer.

Chapter 3. Troubleshooting

Provides step-by-step troubleshooting procedures.

Chapter 4. Disassembly and Assembly

Provides step-by-step instructions on disassembling and assembling t he printer.

Chapter 5. Adjustments

Provides Epson-approv ed adjus tment methods.

Chapter 6. Maintenance

Provides preventiv e m aintenance procedures and lists the Epson-approved lubricants and adhesives r equir ed for servicing the printer.

Appendix

Provides the following additional reference information:

• Connector pin assignments

• Circuit board components lay outs

• Circuit board schemat ic s

• Exploded diagrams

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

1. Product Description.............................................................................................................1-1

1.1 Specifications.........................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Printing Specifications.............................................................................1-1

1.1.2 Print Speed and Printable Columns........................................................1-1

1.1.3 Resolution...............................................................................................1-2

1.1.4 Printable Area .........................................................................................1-2

1.1.5 Paper Feed Specifications......................................................................1-5

1.1.6 Paper Specifications ...............................................................................1-5

1.1.7 Interface Specifications...........................................................................1-8

1.1.8 Software Specifications ...........................................................................1-8

1.1.9 Environmental Conditions ....................................................................... 1-9

1.1.10 Electrical Specifications.........................................................................1-9

1.1.11 Physical Specifications..........................................................................1-9

1.1.12 Reliability...............................................................................................1-9

1.1.13 Safety Approvals.................................................................................1-10

1.1.14 CE Marking..........................................................................................1-10

1.1.15 Acoustic Noise.....................................................................................1-10

1.1.16 Ribbon Cartridge.................................................................................1-10

1.2 Operation.............................................................................................................1-10

1.2.1 Control Panel ........................................................................................1-10

1.2.1.1 Buttons ...................................................................................1-10

1.2.1.2 LEDs.......................................................................................1-11

1.2.1.3 Beeper....................................................................................1-12

1.2.2 Paper Release Lever Positions.............................................................1-12

1.2.3 Paper Thickness Lever Positions..........................................................1-13

1.3 Special Functions ................................................................................................1-13

1.3.1 Printing a Self Test................................................................................1-13

1.3.2 Turning on the Double-strike Mode.......................................................1-13

1.3.3 Using the Bidirectional Adjustment Mode..............................................1-14

1.3.4 Changing Default Settings ....................................................................1-14

1.3.5 Printing a Hex Dump.............................................................................1-15

1.3.6 Clearing the EEPROM...........................................................................1-15

1.3.6.1 Clearing the Ribbon Cartridge Replacement Counter.............1-15

1.4 Consumables and Options...................................................................................1-15

1.4.1 Consumables........................................................................................1-15

1.4.2 Options..................................................................................................1-15

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

2. Operating Principles............................................................................................................ 2-1

3. Troubleshooting...................................................................................................................3-1

4. Disassembly and Assembly.................................................................................................4-1

2.1 Overview................................................................................................................2-1

2.1.1 Printer Mechanism...................................................................................2-1

2.1.2 Power Supply Circuit...............................................................................2-2

2.1.2.1 Power Supply Circuit Operation................................................2-2

2.1.3 Control Circuit..........................................................................................2-3

2.1.3.1 Control Circuit Operation ..........................................................2-3

3.1 Overview................................................................................................................3-1

3.2 Troubleshooting Information..................................................................................3-1

3.2.1 Print Head............................................................................................... 3-1

3.2.2 Sensors...................................................................................................3-2

3.2.3 Motors..................................................................................................... 3-3

3.2.4 Error Conditions ......................................................................................3-3

3.3 Unit Level Troubleshooting.................................................................................... 3-4

3.4 Repairing the Power Supply Board........................................................................3-7

3.5 Repairing the Main Board Assembly......................................................................3-9

3.6 Repairing the Printer Mechanism.........................................................................3-11

4.1 Overview................................................................................................................4-1

4.1.1 Precautions.............................................................................................4-1

4.1.2 Tools .......................................................................................................4-1

4.1.3 Specifications for Screws........................................................................4-2

4.1.4 Service Check After Repair.....................................................................4-3

4.2 Disassembly and Assembly................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.1 Preparing to Disassemble the Printer......................................................4-5

4.2.2 Removing the Panel Board Assembly.....................................................4-6

4.2.3 Removing the Print Head ........................................................................4-7

4.2.4 Removing the HP Sensor........................................................................4-8

4.2.5 Removing the PW Sensor Assembly ......................................................4-8

4.2.6 Removing the Ribbon Mask ....................................................................4-9

4.2.7 Removing the Upper Housing Assembly...............................................4-10

4.2.8 Removing the Platen Assembly.............................................................4-11

4.2.9 Removing the Platen Gear.................................................................... 4-12

4.2.10 Removing the Case Open Sensor Assembly......................................4-12

4.2.11 Removing the Printer Mechanism........................................................4-13

4.2.11.1 Removing the CR Motor Assembly.......................................4-15

4.2.11.2 Removing the PF Motor Assembly........................................4-16

4.2.11.3 Removing the PG Sensor Assembly.....................................4-17

4.2.11.4 Removing the Right Sub Frame Assembly...........................4-18

4.2.11.5 Removing the Right Frame Assembly...................................4-18

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual

5. Adjustments.........................................................................................................................5-1

6. Maintenance........................................................................................................................6-1

Appendix................................................................................................................................ A-1

4.2.11.6 Disassembling the Right Frame Assembly............................4-19

4.2.11.7 Removing the Left Frame Assembly.....................................4.21

4.2.11.8 Removing the Ribbon Drive Assembly..................................4-22

4.2.11.9 Removing the CR Assembly.................................................4-23

4.2.11.10 Removing the Rear PE Sensor Assembly ..........................4.25

4.2.11.11 Removing the Front PE Sensor Assembly..........................4-26

4.2.11.12 Removing the Main Board Assembly..................................4-26

4.2.11.13 Removing the Power Supply Board Assembly....................4-28

5.1 Adjustment Overview.............................................................................................5-1

5.1.1 Required Adjustments.............................................................................5-1

5.1.2 Adjustment Tools.....................................................................................5-1

5.2 Adjusting and Resetting the Printer .......................................................................5-2

5.2.1 Platen Gap/Parallelism Adjustment.........................................................5-2

5.2.2 Bidirectional Print Alignment (Bi-d) Adjustment.......................................5-4

5.2.2.1 Performing the Bi-d Adjustment Using the Settings Diskette....5-5

5.2.2.2 Performing the Bi-d Adjustment from the Control Panel...........5-6

5.2.3 Factory Settings......................................................................................5-7

5.2.4 TPE Level Reset.....................................................................................5-8

6.1 Preventive Maintenance ........................................................................................6-1

6.2 Lubrication.............................................................................................................6-1

A.1 Connector Summary.............................................................................................A-1

A.2 Circuit Board Component Layout Diagrams......................................................... A-5

A.3 Circuit Board and Exploded Diagrams..................................................................A-7

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.1 Specifications

This section provides detailed specifications for the EPSON® FX-2180 impact dot matrix printer. The FX-2180 is based on the FX-2170 printer, and its main components are very similar to those of the FX-2170. However, the FX-2180 provides a faster printing speed, better multi-part form printing, and other enhancements.

Figure 1-1. Exterior View of the FX-2180

1.1.1 Printing Specifications

Print method: Impact dot matrix Number of pins: 18 Print pin arrangement: 9 × 2 Print pin diameter: 0.0114 inch (0.29 mm) Color: Black Print direction: Bidirectional with logic seeking

1.1.2 Print Speed and Printable Columns

Table 1-1. Print Speed and Printable Columns

Printing

Mode

High speed draft Draft

condensed Draft

emphasized NLQ

* Paper thickness lever set to 3. ** Paper thickness lever set to 4 or more.

Note:

When the power supply voltage drops to the lower limit, the printer stops



printing, and then starts printing again on the same line at a slower speed.

When the print head temperature rises to the upper limit, the printer



stops printing. When the head temperature returns to the normal level, the printer starts printing again at a slower speed.

Character

Pitch (cpi)

10 136 506 439 337

10 136 380 330 284 12 163 455 396 341 15 204 380 285 285 17 233 325 282 244Draft 20 272 380 330 284 10 136 190 165 142

10 136 95 82 71 12 163 114 99 85 15 204 94 71 31

Printable Columns Normal Copy 1* Copy 2**

Printing Speed (cps)

1-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

Table 1-3. Printable Area for Single Sheets

1.1.3 Resolution

Single Sheets Single-sheet Multi-part

Table 1-2. Resolution

Printing Mode Horizontal

Density (dpi)

Vertical

Density (dpi)

Adjacent Dot

Printed

High speed draft 90 72 No Draft 120 72 No Draft condensed 240 720 No Draft emphasized 120 72 Yes NLQ 240 144 No

60, 72, 80, 90,

72 YesBit image

or 120

120 or 240 72 No

1.1.4 Printable Area

 Single sheets

PW (width) See Table 1-8 See Table 1-9 PL (length) See Table 1-8 See Table 1-9 LM (left margin)

RM (right margin)

TM (top

0.12 in. (3 mm) or more

(PW ≤ 14.33 in. or 364 mm)

0.98 in. (25 mm) or more

(PW = 16.5 in. or 420 mm)

0.12 in. (3 mm) or more

(PW ≤ 14.33 in. or 364 mm)

0.98 in. (25 mm) or more

(PW = 16.5 in. or 420 mm)

0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more

0.12 in. (3 mm) or more

(PW ≤ 14.33 in. or 364 mm)

0.98 in. (25 mm) or more

(PW = 16.5 in. or 420 mm)

0.12 in. (3 mm) or more

(PW ≤ 14.33 in. or 364 mm)

0.98 in. (25 mm) or more

(PW = 16.5 in. or 420 mm)

margin) BM

0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more (bottom margin)

Note: The maximum horizontal printable area is 13.6 inches (345.2 mm).

Forms

printable area

Figure 1-2. Printable Area for Single Sheets

1-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

 Continuous paper

Figure 1-3. Printable Area for Continuous Paper

Table 1-4. Printable Area for Continuous Paper

printable a re a

 Envelopes

printable area

Figure 1-4. Printable Area for Envelopes

Table 1-5. Printable Area for Envelopes

Envelopes

PW (width) See Table 1-10 PL (length) See Table 1-10 LM (left margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more RM (right margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more TM (top margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more BM (bottom margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more

Continuous Paper

PW (width) See Table 1-12 PL (length) See Table 1-12 LM (left margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more RM (right margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more TM (top margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more BM (bottom margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more

1-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

 Postcards

printable area

Figure 1-5. Printable Area for Postcards

Table 1-6. Printable Area for Postcards

Postcards

PW (width) See Table 1-11 PL (length) See Table 1-11 LM (left margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more RM (right margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more TM (top margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more BM (bottom margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more

 Roll paper

PW (width) See Table 1-14 PL (length) See Table 1-14 LM (left margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more RM (right margin) 0.12 in. (3 mm) or more TM (top margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more BM (bottom margin) 0.17 in. (4.2 mm) or more

printable area

Figure 1-6. Printable Area for Roll Paper

Table 1-7. Printable Area for Roll Paper

Roll Paper

1-4

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.1.5 Paper Feed Specifications

Standard feeding Friction front, rear methods: Push tractor front, rear

Pull tractor front, rear, bottom Push and pull tractor front, rear

Optional feeding Cut-sheet feeder (CSF), methods: bin 1 or bin 2 rear (top)

Roll paper holder rear

Paper paths: Manual insertion front or rear in; top out

CSF rear in; top out Tractor front, rear, or bottom in;

top out

Feed speed: Normal 61 ms for 1/6-inch line

feed

5.0 ips or 0.127 mps (continuous paper)

Copy mode 83 ms for 1/6-inch line

feed

3.1 ips or 0.078 mps (continuous paper)

1.1.6 Paper Specifications

 Single sheets

Table 1-8. Specifications for Single Sheets

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

(inches) (mm)

Length

(inches) (mm)

Thickness

(inches) (mm)

Weight

(lb) (g/m2)

Quality Plain or recycled paper;

3.9

100

5.8

148

0.0025

0.065

14 52

not curled, folded, or crumpled

0.0055

16.5 420

0.14

24 90

3.9

100

3.9

100

0.0025

0.065

52 Plain or recycled paper; not curled, folded, or crumpled

16.5 420

0.0055

0.14

24 90

Note: Use recycled paper only under normal temperature and humidity conditions.

1-5

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

 Single-sheet multi-part forms

Table 1-9. Specifications for Single-sheet Multi-part Forms

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

(inches) (mm)

3.9

100

16.5 420

3.9

100

16.5 420

Length

(inches) (mm)

5.8

148

16.5 420

3.9

100

16.5 420

Copies 1 original + 5 copies 1 original + 5 copies Total thickness

(inches) (mm)

0.0047

0.012

0.018

0.46

0.0047

0.012

0.018

0.46

Weight

(lb)

(g/m

)

Quality Plain or recycled paper; not

Binding A line of glue at the top or

12 40

15 58

curled, folded, or crumpled

on one side of the form

12 40

58 Plain or recycled paper; not curled, folded, or crumpled A line of glue at the top of the form

 Envelopes

Table 1-10. Specifications for Envelopes

Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum

No. 6 envelopes Width

(inches) (mm)

6.5

165

Length

(inches) (mm)

3.9 92

No. 10 envelopes Width

(inches) (mm)

9.5

241

Length

(inches) (mm)

Total thickness (inches)

(mm)

Weight (lb)

(g/m2)

0.0063

0.16 12 40

4.1

105

0.020

0.52 15 58

Quality Bond, plain, or airmail paper; not

curled, folded, or crumpled

Note:

Load envelopes using the rear (top) slot only; do not load envelopes in



the front slot. Insert the envelope into the printer with the flap side on top and the



printable side down. Before printing on envelopes, set the paper thickness lever to a



minimum of position 4 or 5 and turn on the card mode by pressing the Tear Off/Bin button until both Tear Off/Bin lights are on. After you finish printing on envelopes, press the Tear Off/Bin button once to exit the card mode.

Use envelopes only under normal temperature and humidity conditions.



1-6

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

 Postcards

Table 1-11. Specifications for Postcards

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

(inches) (mm)

3.9

100

5.83 148

3.9

100

5.83

Length

(inches) (mm)

5.83 148

3.9

100

5.83

Thickness

(inches) (mm)

0.0087

0.22

Weight

(lb) (g/m2)

192

Note:

Before printing on postcards, set the paper thickness lever to position 3



or higher and turn on the card mode by pressing the Tear Off/Bin button until both Tear Off/Bin lights are on. After you finish printing on envelopes, press the Tear Off/Bin button once to exit the card mode.

Use postcards only under normal temperature and humidity conditions.



148

 Continuous paper

Table 1-12. Specifications for Continuous Paper

Front Entry Rear Entry Bottom Entry

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

Width

(inches) (mm)

101.6

406.4

101.616406.44101.616406.4

Length

(inches) (mm)

Copies* 1 original + 5

101.6

copies

558.8

101.622558.84101.622558.8 1 original + 5

copies

1 original + 5

copies

Total thickness

(inches) (mm)

0.0025

0.065

0.018

0.046

0.0025

0.065

0.018

0.046

0.0025

0.065

0.018

0.046 Weight (ordinary page)

(lb) (g/m

)

12 52

22 82

12 52

22 82

12 52

82 Weight (one sheet of a multi-part form)

(lb) (g/m2)

12 40

15 58

12 40

15 58

12 40

58 Quality Plain or recycled paper, carbonless multi-part forms Binding Dots of glue or paper staples on both sides (front,

bottom, or rear entry) or dots of glue on only one side (rear entry)

* To print 1 original + 6 copies, you must use the pull tractor along with

the front or rear tractor.

1-7

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

 Continuous paper with labels

Table 1-13. Specifications for Continuous Paper with Labels

Front Entry Bottom Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Label size

(inches) (mm)

15/16 × 2.5

23.8 × 63.5

15/16 × 2.5

23.8 × 63.5

Width

(inches) (mm)

101.6

406.4

101.6

406.4

Length

(inches) (mm)

101.6

558.8

101.6

558.8 Backing sheet thickness

(inches) (mm)

0.0028

0.07

0.0035

0.09

0.0028

0.07

0.0035

0.09

Total thickness

(lb) (g/m2)

0.16

0.0063

0.19

0.0075

0.16

0.0063

0.19

0.0075

Label weight

(lb)

(g/m

)

Quality Avery continuous form

labels, Avery mini-line labels, or equivalent quality labels

17 68

68 Avery continuous form labels, Avery mini-line labels, or equivalent quality labels

Note:

Use only continuous labels; do not use labels with single-sheet backing



paper.

 Roll paper

Table 1-14. Specifications for Roll Paper

Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum

Width (inches)

(mm)

Length (inches)

8.5

216



(mm)

Thickness

(inches) (mm)

Weight (lb)

(g/m2)

0.0028

0.07 14 52

0.0035

0.09 22 82

Quality Plain paper; not curled, folded, or crumpled

1.1.7 Interface Specifications

Standard: Bidirectional parallel interface

(IEEE-1284 nibble mode supported)

Optional: Type B interface, level 2

1.1.8 Software Specifications

Control codes: ESC/P

IBM® 2381 Plus emulation

Fonts: 1 draft bitmap and 2 LQ typefaces

8 barcode fonts

Character tables: Standard version: 11 tables

NLSP version: 20 tables

Input buffer: 64 KB

Load continuous paper with labels only in the front or bottom slot; do not



load labels in the rear slot.

1-8

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

Power consumption: Approx. 46 W (ISO/IEC 10561 letter pattern)

1.1.9 Environmental Conditions

Temperature

Operating: 41° to 95° F (5° to 35° C) When using recycled paper, envelopes, labels, or roll paper: 59° to 77° F (15° to 25° C) Non-operating (storage): −22° to 140° F (−30° to 60° C)

Humidity

Operating: 10% to 80% RH When using recycled paper, envelopes, labels, or roll paper: 30% to 60% RH Non-operating (storage): 0% to 85% RH

1.1.10 Electrical Specifications

120 V model

Rated voltage: 120 VAC Input voltage range: 99 to 132 VAC Rated frequency range: 50 to 60 Hz Input frequency range: 49.5 to 60.5 Hz Rated current: 1.0 A (1.8 A maximum) Power consumption: Approx. 46 W (ISO/IEC 10561 letter pattern)

Energy Star compliant

Insulation resistance: 10 MΩ minimum (between AC line and

chassis, 500 V)

Dielectric strength: 1000 VAC rms. 1 minute or 1200 VAC rms.

1 second (between AC line and chassis)

220 to 240 V model

Rated voltage: 220 to 240 VAC Input voltage range: 198 to 264 VAC Rated frequency range: 50 to 60 Hz Input frequency range: 49.5 to 60.5 Hz Rated current: 0.5 A (0.9 A maximum)

Insulation resistance: 10 MΩ minimum (between AC line and

Dielectric strength: 1500 VAC rms. 1 minute (between AC line

UPS (Universal Power Supply) model

Rated voltage: 100 to 120 VAC or 220 to 240 VAC Input voltage range: 90 to 132 VAC or 198 to 264 VAC Rated frequency range: 50 to 60 Hz Input frequency range: 49.5 to 60.5 Hz Rated current: 1.1 A (2.2 A maximum) or 0.6 A (1.1 A

Power consumption: Approx. 46 W (ISO/IEC 10561 letter pattern)

Insulation resistance: 10 MΩ minimum (between AC line and

Dielectric strength: 1500 VAC rms. 1 minute (between AC line

1.1.11 Physical Specifications

Dimensions: 25.16 in. (W) × 15.83 in. (D) × 10.12 in (H)

(with CSF bin 1): 25.16 in. (W) × 18.46 in. (D) × 14.96 in (H)

(with CSF bin 2): 25.16 in. (W) × 23.54 in. (D) × 16.18 in (H)

Weight: Approx. 28.66 lb (13 kg) (with CSF bin 1): Approx. 35.94 lb (16.3 kg) (with CSF bin 2): Approx. 37.92 lb (17.2 kg)

1.1.12 Reliability

Total print volume: 7.5 million lines (except print head) MTBF: 10,000 power-on hours (POH) Print head life: Approx. 300 million characters

Energy Star compliant

chassis, 500 V)

and chassis)

maximum)

Energy Star compliant

chassis, 500 V)

and chassis)

639 mm (W) × 402 mm (D) × 257 mm (H)

639 mm (W) × 469 mm (D) × 380 mm (H)

639 mm (W) × 598 mm (D) × 411 mm (H)

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.1.13 Safety Approvals

120 V model

Safety standards: UL1950

CSA C22.2 No. 950

EMI: FCC part 15 subpart B class B

CSA C108.8 class B

220 to 240 V model

Safety standards: EN 60950 (TÜV, NEMKO) EMI: EN 55022 (CISPR pub. 22) class B

AS/NZS 3548 class B

UPS model

Safety standards: UL1950

CSA C22.2 No. 950 EN 60950 (TÜV, NEMKO)

EMI: FCC part 15 subpart B class B

CSA C108.8 class B EN 55022 (CISPR pub. 22) class B AS/NZS 3548 class B

1.1.16 Ribbon Cartridge

Type: Fabric Color: Black Ribbon life: Approx. 12 million characters

(draft, 10 cpi, 14 dots/character)

1.2 Operation

This section provides detailed information about the control panel buttons and LEDs, and explains the printer’s beep patterns.

1.2.1 Control Panel

The control panel contains seven non-locking pushbuttons and nine LEDs, as shown below.

1.1.14 CE Marking

220 to 240 V and UPS models

Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC: EN60950 EMC Directive 89/336/EEC: EN55022 class B

EN61000-3-2 EN61000-3-3 EN50082-1

IEC801-2 IEC801-3 IEC801-4

1.1.15 Acoustic Noise

Level: Approx. 55 dB(A), according to ISO 7779

pattern

1.2.1.1 Buttons

WARNING

Figure 1-7. Control Panel

The power switch is wired in the secondary circuitry of the power supply board. Therefore, the power supply’s primary circuitry remains live even after the printer is turned off.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

Table 1-15. Button Functions

Button Function

Operate Turns the printer on and off. The printer is off when the top

of this button is even with the button protectors.

Pause

Load/Eject • Loads continuous paper from the standby position.

LF/FF

Tear Off/Bin

Font Selects one of the following fonts: Draft, Roman, or Sans

Pitch Selects one of the following font widths: 10 cpi,

Micro Adjust ↑ / ↓

• Stops printing temporarily, and resumes printing when pressed again. (Selects on line or off line status.)

• When held down for three seconds when the printer is in the standby state, enters the micro adjust mode. When pressed again, exits the micro adjust mode.

• Feeds continuous paper backward to the standby position.

• Loads a single sheet of paper from the paper entry slot.

• Ejects a single sheet of paper if a sheet is loaded.

• When pressed, executes a line feed.

• When held down, executes a form feed. This advances

continuous paper to the next top-of-form position or ejects a single sheet.

• Feeds continuous paper forward to the tear-off position.

• Feeds continuous paper backward from the tear-off

position to the top-of-form position.

• Selects a cut-sheet feeder bin when the cut-sheet feeder is installed.

• Enters the card mode to print on postcards and envelopes.

Serif.

12 cpi, 15 cpi, 17 cpi, 20 cpi, or PS (proportional spacing). In the micro adjust mode, executes a micro feed (moves the paper forward or backward 1/216 inch). Depending on the position of your paper, you can use this button to adjust the top-of-form or tear-off position.

1.2.1.2 LEDs

Table 1-16. LED Indicators

LED(s) Color Description

Pause Orange • On when the printer is paused.

• Off when the printer is on line.

• Flashes when the printer is in the micro

adjust mode or the print head is overheated.

Paper Out Red

Tear Off/Bin Green • o o when continuous paper is not in the

Font Green Indicates which font is selected. Pitch Green Indicates which font size is selected.

• On when no paper is loaded or paper is not loaded correctly in the selected paper source.

• Off when paper is loaded correctly in the selected paper source.

• Flashes when paper has not been fully ejected or a paper jam has occurred.

tear-off position.

• f f when continuous paper is in the tear- off position.

• o n when bin 1 of the optional cut-sheet feeder is selected.

• n o when bin 2 of the optional cut-sheet feeder is selected.

• n n when the printer is in the card mode.

n = on o = off f = flashing

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.2.1.3 Beeper

The printer beeps during the error conditions described in Table 1-17.

Table 1-17. Error Conditions

Error Beep Pattern

Paper out ❍ ❍ ❍ Cover open Paper release lever operation ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ Illegal panel operation

❍ indicates the beeper sounds for approximately 100 ms with an interval of approximately 100 ms.

❍ ❍ ❍

❍

1.2.2 Paper Release Lever Positions

Use the paper release lever to select which paper path you want the printer to load paper from. The table below shows the corresponding paper path(s) for each paper release lever position.

Table 1-18. Paper Release Lever Positions

Lever Position Description

Single-sheet For loading single sheets from the top or

front slot.

Rear push tractor For loading continuous paper from the

tractor installed in the rear push position. Also set the lever to this position when using the rear push and pull tractors in combination.

Front push tractor For loading continuous paper from the

tractor installed in the front push position. Also set the lever to this position when using the front push and pull tractors in combination.

Pull tractor For loading continuous paper from the

tractor installed on top of the printer in the pull position.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.2.3 Paper Thickness Lever Positions

You need to set the paper thickness lever for the type of paper you are using, as shown in the table below.

Table 1-19. Paper Thickness Lever Positions

Paper Type Lever Position

Ordinary paper (single sheets or continuous paper) 0 Carbonless multi-part forms with:

2 parts (original + 1 copy) 3 parts (original + 2 copies) 4 parts (original + 3 copies) 5 parts (original + 4 copies) 6 parts (original + 5 copies)

7 parts (original + 6 copies) Thin paper -1 or 0 Continuous paper with labels 2 Envelopes 4 or 5 Postcards 3

1 3 4 5 6 6

1.3 Special Functions

You can access the printer’s special functions by holding down the button indicated while turning on the printer.

1.3.1 Printing a Self Test

To perform a self test, follow these steps:

Make sure paper is loaded and the printer is turned off.

To run the t you press the using

the

button while you turn on the printer.

using the draft font, hold down the

est

Operate

printer’s near letter-quality fonts, hold down the

button to turn on the printer. To run the test

LF/FF

button while

Load/Eject

To end the self test, press the page remains in the printer, press the Then turn off the printer.

Pause

button to stop printing. If a printed

Load/Eject

button to eject it.

1.3.2 Turning on the Double-strike Mode

If the printing on the bottom copies of your thick multi-part forms is faint, turn on the double-strike mode as described below. In the double-strike mode, the printer prints draft and bitmap images using double-strike printing. The printer does not use two-pass printing in this mode.

Note:

The double-strike mode is available only when the paper thickness lever



is set to position 4 or higher and the paper release lever is set to the pull tractor position.

Always turn on the double-strike mode before printing on multi-part



forms with seven parts. Use double-strike mode only under normal temperature and humidity



conditions. When the printer is in the double-strike mode, the print speed is



reduced.

Load your multi-part forms on the pull tractor.

Make sure the printer is turned off.

While holding down the on the printer. The printer beeps twice to indicate double-strike mode is on.

To exit the double-strike mode, turn off the printer, then hold down the button and press the beeps once to indicate double-strike mode is off.

Font

Operate

button, press the

button to turn the printer back on. The printer

Operate

button to turn

Font

After a few seconds, the printer loads the paper automatically and begins printing the self test. A series of characters is printed.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.3.3 Using the Bidirectional Adjustment Mode

If the vertical lines in the printout are not properly aligned, you can use the printer’s bidirectional adjustment mode to correct this problem. See Chapter 5 for instructions on performing the bidirectional adjustment.

1.3.4 Changing Default Settings

You can change the printer’s default settings using the default-setting mode. To enter the default-setting mode, hold down the press the language selection instructions. Select the language you want, and then press the printed instructions list the settings you can change, describe how to change them, and show you how the control panel lights help you make settings.

Table 1-20 summarizes the default settings and options. Factory settings are bold.

Operate

Font

button to turn on the printer. The printer prints the

button to print the default-setting mode instructions. The

Pitch

button and

Table 1-20. Default Settings

Setting Options

Page length for front tractor* Length in inches: 3, 3.5, 4, 5.5, 6, 7, 8,

8.5, 11, 70/6, 12, 14, 17

Page length for rear tractor* Length in inches: 3, 3.5, 4, 5.5, 6, 7, 8,

8.5, 11, 70/6, 12, 14, 17 Skip over perforation Auto tear-off Auto line feed Print direction I/F (interface) mode Auto I/F (interface) wait time Software 0 slash High speed draft Off, Input buffer Off, Buzzer Off, Auto CR (IBM 2381 Plus)** IBM character table** Character table Standard model: Italic, PC

International character set for Italic table

* The options available vary depending on the country. ** These settings take effect only when IBM 2381 Plus emulation is

selected.

Off

, On

Off

, On

Off

, On

Bi-D

, Uni-D

Auto

, Parallel, Optional

10 seconds ESC/P Off

, On

On On On

Off

, On

Table 2

850, PC 860, PC 863, PC 865, PC 861, BRASCII, Abicomp, Roman 8, ISO Latin 1

Italic U.S.A.

Germany, Italic U.K., Italic Denmark 1, Italic Sweden, Italic Italy, Italic Spain 1

, 30 seconds

, IBM 2381 Plus

, Table1

, Italic France, Italic

437

, PC

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 1 Product Description

1.3.5 Printing a Hex Dump

You can print a hexadecimal dump to isolate communication problems between the printer and a software program. To enter hex dump mode, hold down both the

Operate

send a print job to the printer.

Your printer prints all the codes it receives in hexadecimal format. If characters are printable, they appear in the right column as ASCII characters. Nonprintable codes, such as control codes, are represented by dots.

To exit hex dump mode, press the

Load/Eject

button to turn on the printer. Then open a software program and

button to eject the printed page. Then turn off the printer.

LF/FF

Load/Eject

and

Pause

buttons while you press the

button to stop printing and the

1.3.6 Clearing the EEPROM

To clear the EEPROM, hold down the while you press the EEPROM area 1 are reset to the factory defaults, with the exception of the counters that provide the following information:

 Total lines printed since production  Total power-on hours (in minutes)  Total lines printed since a new ribbon cartridge was installed  Starting year, month, and date. This is the date of printer production,

and helps you determine if it is better for the user to repair or replace the printer.

Operate

button to turn on the printer. The settings in

Font

Tear Off/ Bin

and

buttons

1.3.6.1 Clearing the Ribbon Cartridge Replacement Counter

To reset the EEPROM’s ribbon cartridge replacement counter to zero, hold down the button to turn on the printer.

LF/FF

Tear Off/Bin

and

buttons while you press the

Operate

1.4 Consumables and Options

1.4.1 Consumables

Ribbon cartridge: S015086 Ribbon pack: S010033

1.4.2 Options

Paper Handling Options

High-capacity cut-sheet feeder (bin 1): C806731 Second-bin cut-sheet feeder (bin 2): C806741 Pull tractor: C800321 Roll paper holder: #8310

Optional Interface Cards

Serial I/F card: C823051 32KB intelligent serial I/F card: C823071 Coax I/F card: C823141 Twinax I/F card: C823151 Type B IEEE-1284 bidirectional parallel I/F card: C823452 Multi-protocol Ethernet print server I/F card: C823572

See the FX-2180 specifications for more information.

CAUTION

The printer stores the values for the total lines printed since production, total power-on hours, total lines printed since ribbon cartridge replacement, and starting year, month, and date in the EEPROM on the main board.

1-15

OPERATING PRINCIPLES

&+$37(5



EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 2 Operating Principles

2.1 Overview

The printer’s main components include the printer mechanism, power supply circuit, control circuit, control panel, and housing. This chapter describes the operating principles of the main components.

2.1.1 Printer Mechanism

The printer mechanism consists of the following parts:  Print head

The print head prints dots on paper using the ink ribbon. Print data comes from the control circuit.

 Carriage mechanism

The main parts of the carriage mechanism are the carriage unit, carriage (CR) motor, timing belt, driven pulley, and CR guide shaft. The carriage unit contains the print head. The carriage mechanism moves the carriage unit along the CR guide shaft between the left and right ends of the printable area.

 Platen gap mechanism

The platen gap is the gap between the platen and the print head. You adjust the platen gap to maintain print quality when using paper of different weights or thicknesses. The platen gap mechanism consists of the CR guide shaft, the platen gap adjustment bushing, and the platen gap (PG) adjustment lever. The platen gap mechanism moves the print head toward or away from the platen, depending on the position of the PG adjustment lever.

 Paper feed mechanism

The main components of the paper feed mechanism are the paper feed (PF) motor, the rear or front tractor, and the platen. Using the PF motor, the paper feed mechanism picks up continuous or single-sheet paper, moves it to the print head for printing, and ejects it from the printer after the page has been printed.

 Disengage mechanism

The disengage mechanism consists of two disengage gears. It switches the paper feed torque from the PF motor to the tractor(s) or the paper feed rollers depending on the selected paper feed method (friction, front push tractor, rear push tractor, pull tractor, or push-pull tractor feeding).

 Ribbon advance mechanism

The main components of the ribbon advance mechanism are the ribbon feed roller and the driven pulley. The ribbon advance mechanism winds the ink ribbon in one direction. This allows the printer to use a fresh ribbon surface for printing.

CR guide shaft

timing belt

driven pulley

ribbon feed roller

ink ribbon

platen

print head

front tractor

rear tractor

carriage unit

disengage gear 1

PF motor

PG adjustment bushing

CR motor

disengage gear 2

Figure 2-1. Printer Mechanism

2-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 2 Operating Principles

When AC power enters the printer from an external power source, the filter

2.1.2 Power Supply Circuit

The printer can be powered by one of the following three power supply boards: C166 PSB (120 V), C166 PSE (220 – 240 V), or C244 PSH (120 V / 220 – 240 V). The boards function in the same way, except each board has a different primary circuit. The table below lists the input voltages and fuse ratings of the boards.

circuit removes the noise. Then the AC voltage undergoes full-wave rectification and is smoothed to produce direct voltage. In the C244 PSH board, the AC voltages undergo voltage doubler rectification in the automatic switching IC and are smoothed to produce direct voltage. The voltage is fed to the gate port for switching FET Q1 through resistors R18 and R31. Then the switching circuit operates.

Table 2-1. Power Supply Board

Board Input Voltage Fuse F1 Rating

C166 PSB 103.5 – 132 V 3.15 A / 125 V C166 PSE 198 – 264 V T 2.0 AH / 250 V C244 PSH 85 – 138 V / 187 – 276 V 5HT4

2.1.2.1 Power Supply Circuit Operation

The power supply board has two DC power outputs: one for the control circuit and one for the printer mechanism. The table below lists the applications of the output voltages.

Table 2-2. Power Supply Output Applications

Output Voltage Applications

+5 VDC • Control circuit board logic

• Sensors

• Control panel LEDs

+35 VDC

• CR motor

• PF motor

• Print head

The secondary smoothing circuit produces a stepped down +35 VDC voltage. The +5 VDC voltage is generated and stabilized by feeding the +35 VDC voltage through the +5 VDC power supply circuit. The power supply circuit includes a ZC-RCC (zero cross-ringing choke converter), which contributes to the power supply circuit’s high stability, efficiency, and portability.

The secondary circuit system of the power supply circuit includes the

Operate

control panel and controls the power supply circuit.

A +35 V line constant voltage control circuit and over-current/over-voltage protection circuits are provided to protect the printer and control circuits.

(power) button. The

Operate

button is located on the printer’s

2-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 2 Operating Principles

The figure below shows the power supply circuit block diagram.

AC input

filter circuit

full-wave rectification circuit

C244 PSH only voltage

doubler rectification automatic switching circuit

primary circuit

smoothing circuit

switching circuit

photocoupler

smoothing circuit

secondary circuit

+5 V switching regulator

+5 V constant voltage control circuit

+5 V over-current protection circuit

+35 V line overload detector circuit

+35 V line constant voltage control circuit

+35 V line over-voltage protection circuit

+5 V line over-voltage protection circuit

+35 V line over-current protection circuit

Figure 2-2. Power Supply Circuit Block Diagram

+5 VDC

+35 VDC

CPU port 20

Operate (power) button

type B I/F

parallel I/F

control panel buttons & LEDs

Operate button

PSC

PWDN

power supply board

5 V GL 35 V GP

EPROM

IC5

IC1

gate array

E05B50**

IC12

PF driver CR driver

UDN2917EB

IC9

SLA7024M

IC3

IC8 serial EEPROM

IC15

reset IC

PS-RAM or SRAM

CSF driver

IC2

CPU

TMP96C141BF

CSF sensor

Q2-Q19

print head driver

print head temperature sensor

+35 V voltage sensor

rear PE sensor

front PE sensor

TOP sensor

home position sensor

paper release lever sensor

platen gap lever sensor

2.1.3 Control Circuit

The printer’s control circuit consists of the C244 MAIN control board and the control panel board.

2.1.3.1 Control Circuit Operation

The control circuit includes a TMP96C141BF CPU that runs at 17.20 MHz, an E05B50** gate array, a 2 Mbit PROM (or 2 Mbit / 4 Mbit flash ROM), a 1 Mbit / 4 Mbit PS-RAM (or SRAM), a serial (or parallel) EEPROM, and other circuits. The control circuit controls all the printer’s components. Figure 2-3 shows the control circuit block diagram.

: data bus

: address bus

Figure 2-3. Control Circuit Block Diagram

2-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 2 Operating Principles

The table below identifies and describes the main components of the control circuit on the C244 MAIN board.

Table 2-3. Main Components of the Control Circuit

Component IC Function(s)

Gate array (E05B50**) CPU (TMP96C141BF)

1 Mbit / 4 Mbit PS-RAM 2 Mbit PROM IC5 Contains the character tables and the

Serial EEPROM (AT93C46)

SLA7024M IC9 Driver circuit for the CR motor A2917SEB IC12 Driver circuit for the PF motor Reset IC (BH6150F)

IC1 • System control

• Peripheral device control

IC2

IC3 Contains the buffer and the working

IC8 Contains data including:

IC15 Generates the reset signal at power on

• Receives data from the host computer and sends it to the input buffer in RAM

• Extends the input data held in the buffer to create image data

• Loads image data to the image data buffer

• Transfers image data to the print head

area

program that runs the CPU

• Default setting values

• Market data

• Mechanism and print head

parameters

and power down, and resets the CPU and the gate array

2-4

TROUBLESHOOTING

&+$37(5



EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

3.1 Overview

This chapter contains flowcharts and checkpoint tables for troubleshooting the printer. The flowcharts tell you which printer unit or part to replace based on the printer’s symptoms. The checkpoint tables list the correct values and ranges for printer part characteristics, such as resistance and continuity. You can compare the characteristics of a printer part to the checkpoint values to identify defective parts.

3.2 Troubleshooting Information

This section describes how to determine whether various printer units or parts are defective.

3.2.1 Print Head

To determine whether a print head is defective, measure the print head’s coil resistance as described in the table below. Then compare the coil resistances with the correct meter reading in the table.

Table 3-1. Print Head Coil Resistance Test Points

Common pin numbers See Fi gure 3-1 Test pin numbers See Figure 3-1 Test method Turn off the printer and disconnect the

print head. Set the meter to ohms, and place one lead on each pin and the other lead on each common pin.

Meter reading 16.4 Ω ± 10% at 77° F (25° C)

3 15 C5 2 C6 5

19137C1 18 C2 12 C3 C4

XX X

COM. C1 C2 C3 C4 Pin No. Pin No.

1, 7, 13 9 10, 18

T: Thermistor terminal X: Not used

6, 12

16 11C717

COM. C5 C6 C7 C8

2, 5, 11

Figure 3-1. Print Head Connector Pin Alignment

C8 14 4 8

610

3, 15 16, 17

4, 8, 14

3-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

3.2.2 Sensors

Sensor

Connector

CN4 (HP sensor)

CN5 (rear PE sensor)

CN6 (front PE sensor)

CN7 (TOP sensor)

Table 3-2. Sensor Test Points

Test Pin

Numbers

1: HP 2: GND 3: +5 V

1: +5 V 2: PE 3: GND

1: PE 2: GND

1: E 2: GND 3: +5 V 4: A

Place one lead on pin 1 and the other lead on pin 2. Check the resistances while blocking the two sensor terminals. Place one lead on pin 2 and the other lead on pin 3. Check the resistances while toggling the rear PE sensor lever. Place one lead on pin 1 and the other lead on pin 2. Check the resistances while toggling the front PE sensor lever. Place one lead on pin 2 and the other lead on pin 3. Check the resistances while inserting and removing paper between the platen and the sensor.

Test Method

(Set the meter to DC

voltage.)

Meter Reading

• Open: +5 V (home position)

• Short: 0 V (not in hom e position)

• Open: +5 V (Paper is loaded.)

• Short: 0 V (No paper is loaded.)

• Open: +5 V (Paper is loaded.)

• Short: 0 V (No paper is loaded.)

• Open: 0 V (No paper is loaded.)

• Short: +5 V (Paper is loaded.)

Sensor

Connector

CN12 (paper release sensors 1 and 2)

CN13 (PG sensors 1 and 2)

CN2 on the control panel board (cover open sensor)

Table 3-2. Sensor Test Points (Continued)

Test Pin

Numbers

1: Release 1 2: GND 3: Release 2 4: GND

1: PG 1 2: GND 3: PG 2 4: GND

1: COPEN 2: GND

Test Method

(Set the meter to DC

voltage.)

1. Place one lead on pin 1 and the other lead on pin 2. Check the resistances while toggling the paper release lever.

2. Place one lead on pin 3 and the other lead on pin 4. Check the resistances while toggling the paper release lever.

Place one lead on pin 1 and the other lead on pin 2. Check the resistances while toggling the PG sensor lever. Place one lead on pin 2 and the other lead on pin 3. Check the resistances while toggling the cover open sensor lever.

• Open: +5 V

• Short: 0 V

• Open: +5 V

• Short: 0 V

• Open: +5 V

• Short: 0 V

Meter Reading

(The cover is open.)

(The cover is closed.)

3-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

3.2.3 Motors

Table 3-3. Motor Test Points

PF Motor

Motor connector CN10 Common pin number  Test pin numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 Test method Turn off the printer and disconnect the PF

motor from the control board. Set the meter to ohms, and place one lead on pin 1 and the other lead on pin 3. Then place one lead on pin 2 and the other lead on pin 4.

Meter reading 16.1 Ω ± 10% per phase at 77° F

(25° C)

CR Motor

Motor connector CN11 Common pin number 5 Test pin numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 Test method Turn off the printer and disconnect the CR

motor from the control board. Set the meter to ohms, and place one lead on pin 5 and the other lead on each of the four test pins.

Meter reading 2.7 Ω ± 10% per phase at 77° F (25° C)

3.2.4 Error Conditions

Table 3-4. E rror Conditions

LightsError

Pause Paper

Out

Paper out On On ❍ × 3 Paper jam (The paper is not ejected completely.) Print head overheated Cover open On ❍ × 3 Fatal error Flashes Flashes Flashes Flashes Flashes ● × 5

❍

Indicates the beeper sounds for approximately 100 ms with an interval

On Flashes ❍ × 3

Flashes 

Tear

Off/Bin

Pitch Font

of approximately 100 ms.

●

Indicates the beeper sounds for approximately 500 ms with an interval of approximately 100 ms.

Beep

Pattern

3-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

3.3 Unit Level Troubleshooting

The flowcharts use the following symbols:

You may be able to identify a defective printer unit simply by observing the printer’s symptoms. The table below lists the symptoms for several printer problems. After you determine the type of printer problem you have, see the corresponding flowchart to isolate the cause of the problem and repair the printer.

Table 3-5. P rinter S ymptoms and Problem Descriptions

Symptom Problem Description Flowchart

Abnormal carriage operation

Abnormal paper feeding

Abnormal power operation

Abnormal printing

•

The carriage does not move at all.

•

When you turn on the print er, the carriage

moves away from the home positi on and t hen stops. All the indi cator LEDs on t he control panel flash.

•

The printer does not feed the paper at all.

•

When you turn on the print er, the pri nt er ejects

the paper automatically.

•

After you load paper, the printer ejects the

paper automatically and then indicates i t i s in the ready stat e.

•

The control panel indicator LEDs do not

come on.

•

The Operate button does not w ork.

•

The control panel buttons do not work.

•

No image is print ed.

•

Printi ng is faulty; some dots are not print ed.

Flowchart 1

Flowcharts

2-1 and 2-2

Flowchart 3

Flowchart 4

START Start

Instructions

Refer to the specified flowchart

Figure 3-2. Flowchart Symbols

Decision

Branching

Return to the start of the flowchart

END

3-4

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

1. Abnormal Carriage Opera tion

START

When you turn on

the printer, does the CR

motor rotate?

YES

Does the CR m o tor

stop during or after

initialization?

YES

When you

move the CR by hand

with the printer off, does

it move freely?

YES

Is CN4 connected

properly?

YES

Connect CN4.

Does the HP sensor

work correctly?

See Table 3-2.

YES

Replace the main

Is the platen gap

adjusted properly?

YES

Replace the oil pad on the

carriage unit. Clean and

lubricate the CR shaft.

Is the problem

solved?

Replace the

HP sensor.

Is the problem

solved?

Is CN11 connected

properly?

YES

Check the CR motor

coil resistance. See Table 3-3.

Is it OK?

board.

END

YES

END

NOYES

Replace the CR

motor.

Adjust the platen gap.

See Chapter 5.

Is the resist ance of

the CR motor correct?

See Table 3-3.

Replace the main

board.

Connect CN11.

Is the problem

solved?

END

Is the problem

solved?

Replace the

Is the problem

YES

CR motor.

solved?

YESYES

END

2-1. Abnormal Paper Feeding

START

Does the PF

motor rotate?

YES

Is paper ejected automaticall y when you turn on the

printer?

YES

Does the

printer indicate it is

ready after the paper is

ejected?

YES

YES NO

Is foreign

material stuck on the

TOP sensor?

Remo ve the

substance blocking the TOP sensor.

Is the

problem

solved?

YES

END

Replace the

main board.

YES

Does the

TOP sensor work

properly?

Replace the

TOP sensor.

Is the

problem

solved?

YES

END

See Flowchart

foreign material.

Is CN10

connected

properly?

YES

2-2.

Is the resistance of the

PF motor coils correct?

See Table 3-3.

Replace the main board.

Does a paper out

error occur after the

paper is ejected?

YES

Is foreign material jamm ed between the front or rear PE sensor

and the platen?

YES

Remo ve the

Is the

problem

solved?

YES

END

YES

PE sensors work

Replace the defective

problem

Are CN5 and

CN6 connected

Do the

front and rear

correctly?

PE sensor.

Is the

solved?

YES

END

properly?

YES

Connect CN10.

Is the problem

solved?

YES

END

Replace the PF

motor.

Is the problem

solved?

YES

END

Connect CN5

and CN6.

YES

Replace the main

board.

Is the

problem

solved?

YES

END

Figure 3-3. Flowchart 1

Figure 3-4. Flowchart 2-1

3-5

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

2-2. Abnormal Paper Feeding

START

When paper is

loaded, is it ejected

automatically?

YES

Is CN7

connected

properly?

YES

Is the FFC

cable OK?

YES

Does the

TOP sensor work

correctly? See

Table 3-2.

YES

Replace the main

board.

END

Connect CN7.

Is the problem

solved?

Replace the

cable.

Is the problem

solved?

Replace the TOP sensor.

Is the problem

solved?

YES

END

Does the printer load

le sheets properly, but

sin

not load continuous

paper at all?

YES

Is CN12

connected

properly?

YES

END

Does the

release sensor work

YES

correctly?

END

Replace the

main board.

END

YES

Connect

CN12.

Is the problem

solved?

YES

END

Replace the

release

sensor.

Is the

problem

solved?

YES

END

3. Abnormal Power Operation

START

Does the Oper at e

button turn the printer

on and off?

YES

Is CN7

connected

properly?

YES

Is c ont rol pane l FFC connected

correctly?

YES

Check the FFC

using a multimeter.

Is the FFC

OK?

YES

Replace the main

board.

END

Connect CN7.

Is t he pr oblem

solv ed?

YES

END

Connect the

Is t he pr oblem

Replace the FF C .

Is t he pr oblem

solv ed?

YES

END

cable.

solv ed?

END

YES

Check the Operate button

on the control panel using

a multimeter.

Is t he Op era te button working

correctly?

Is c ont rol pane l FFC connected

correctly?

Check pin 19 of the FFC.

Is FFC

OK?

Replace the pow er

supply boar d.

END

YES

Replace the cont ro l

panel board.

Is t he pr oblem

solv ed?

END

Connect the

cable.

Is t he pr oblem

solv ed?

END

Replace the

FFC.

Is t he pr oblem

solv ed?

YES

END

YES

Figure 3-5. Flowchart 2-2

Figure 3-6. Flowchart 3

3-6

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

4. Abnormal Printing

START

Is the self test

printed c orrectly?

Are all th e

dots printed

correctly?

YES

Are all th e

dots aligned

correctly?

Check the platen

gap/parallelism. (See

Chapter 5.)

Is the

problem

solved?

Replace the

print head.

YES

Perform the

bidirectional alignment.

(See Chapter 5.)

Is the

problem

solved?

END

YES

Are any print head

YES

Are the bottoms of the

characters missing?

Reinstall

the ribbon

problem

wires broken?

Check the print head's

coil resistance as

described in Table 3-1.

Is the print head

using a multimeter.

YES

mask.

Is the

solved?

YES

END

coil resistance

correct?

YES

Check the FFC

Is the FFC

OK?

YES

Replace the FFC.

Is the

problem

solved?

END

YES

Test the print

head drivers on

the main board as described in

Table 3-7.

Are the print head drivers on the main board

YES

Replace the

print head.

END

Check the data from the

host PC using the hex

dump mode.

Are the printer

settings correct?

YES

Are the correct

printer drivers

installed?

YES

Does the printer

work correctly with

another printer

cable?

Replace the main

board.

END

OK?

Replace the

print head

and the main

board.

END

Reset the settings

to their defaults.

Is the problem

solved?

Install the correct

printer drivers.

Is the problem

solved?

YES

Replace the

Is the problem

The computer is the

cable.

solved?

source of the

problem.

YES

END

YESNO

END

3.4 Repairing the Power Supply Board

The table below provides instructions on how to repair the power supply board assembly. It lists various power supply board problems and provides likely causes, checkpoints, and solutions. To determine whether a component is defective, compare its readings with the correct waveforms, resistances, and other values listed in the table below. Then replace the component if necessary.

YES

END

WARNING

The OPERATE button on the control panel only turns the secondary powe r circuit on or off, so the primary circuit is li ve as long as the printer is connected to an AC power outlet. Before you touch the power supply boa rd or repair it, disconnect the printe r from the AC pow er outlet.

Note:

Use an oscillo sc ope to check the waveforms in Table 3-6.

Table 3-6. Re pairing the Power Supply Board

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

The +35 V and +5 V lines are not output when the printer is turned on.

Diode bridge DB1 is dead.

Transformer coil T1 is open.

Measure the DC voltage between pi ns 3 and 4 of DB1.

Measure the resistances of the T1 transformer coils at pins 12 and 15, 9 and 11, 7 and 8, and 3 and 4.

Replace DB1.

Replace T1.

Figure 3-7. Flowchart 4

3-7

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-6. Repairing the Power Supply Board (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

The +35 V and +5 V lines are not output when the printer is turned on.

Switching FET Q1 is dead.

• Check that the resis t ance between the source and the drain is i nfi ni t e.

• Check the voltage waveform between the source and the drain of Q1.

Replace Q1.

Figure 3-8. Waveform 1

PC1 is dead.

Check the waveform between pins 3 and 4.

Replace PC1.

Table 3-6. Repairing the Power Supply Board (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

The +5 V line is not output.

Chopper IC IC51 is dead.

Check the waveform at pin 8 of IC51.

Replace IC51.

Figure 3-10. Waveform 3

Q51 is dead.

Check the waveform at the collector of Q51.

Replace Q51.

Q32 is dead.

Q31 is dead.

Figure 3-9. Waveform 2

Check that the resistance between the collector and the emitter is infinite. Check that the resistance between the source and the drain is infinite.

Replace Q32.

Replace Q31.

The PWDN signal is constantly HIGH.

L51 is dead.

IC51 is dead.

Figure 3-11. Waveform 4

Check the resistance between the terminals of L51. Check if the voltage of pin 6 exceeds 1.3 V . If it does, IC51 is dead.

Replace L51.

Replace IC51.

3-8

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

3.5 Repairing the Main Board Assembly

The table below provides instructions on how to repair the main board assembly. It lists various main board problems and provides likely causes, checkpoints, and solutions. To determine whether a component is defective, compare its readings with the correct waveforms, resistances, and other values listed in the table below. Then replace the component if necessary.

Note:

Use an oscillo sc ope to check the waveforms in Table 3-7.

Table 3-7. Repairing the Main Board Assembly

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

The printer does not operate at all.

Reset IC IC15 is defective.

Check the voltage wav eforms of the VCC signal (CH 1: pin 7 of IC15) and the /RESET signal (CH 2: pin 5 of IC15) when the printer is turned on.

CH 1

Replace the main board or IC15.

Table 3-7. Repairing the Main Board Assembly (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

The printer does not operate at all.

The PROM (IC5) is not selected.

Check for a change in the signal (HIGH to LOW or LOW to HIGH) at pi n 137 of I C1.

Replace the main board.

Figure 3-13. Waveform 6

The PSRAM (IC3) is not selected. The CPU (IC2) is defective.

Check for a change in the signal (HIGH to LOW or LOW to HIGH) at pi n 132 of I C1. Check the oscillator signal at pin 26 or 27 of the CPU.

Replace the main board.

CH 2

Figure 3-12. Waveform 5

Figure 3-14. Waveform 7

3-9

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-7. Repairing the Main Board Assembly (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

Carriage operation is abnormal.

The CPU or IC9 is defective.

• Check the input signal waveforms (CH 1) at pins 5, 6, 16, and 17 of IC9.

• Check the output si gnal waveforms (CH 2) at pins 1, 8, 11, and 18 of IC9.

CH 1

CH 2

• If an input signal is not correct, replace the main board.

• If an output signal is not correct, replace IC9 or the main board.

Figure 3-15. Waveform 8

IC1 is defective.

Check the output signals at pins 62, 63, 64, and 65 of IC1.

If an output si gnal is no t corre ct , replace the main board.

Table 3-7. Repairing the Main Board Assembly (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

Paper feeding is abnormal.

IC1, I C2, or IC12 is defective.

• Check the input signal waveforms (CH 1) at pins 26 and 43 of IC12.

• Check the output si gnal waveforms (CH 2) at pins 3, 6, 18, and 21 of IC12.

CH 1

CH 2

• If an input s i gnal is no t corre ct , replace the main board.

• If an output signal is not correct, replace IC12 or the main board.

Figure 3-16. Waveform 9

No data is printed.

The CPU is defective.

Check the output signal waveforms at pin 15 or 19 of IC2.

If an output si gnal is no t corre ct , replace the main board.

Figure 3-17. Waveform 10

3-10

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-7. Repairing the Main Board Assembly (Continued)

Problem Cause Checkpoint Solution

A particular dot does not print.

IC1 is defective, or one of the print head drive transistors (Q2 − Q19) is defective.

• Check the input signal waveform (CH 1) at the base of each transistor.

• Check the output si gnal waveform (CH 2) at the collector for each transistor.

CH 1

CH 2

• If an input signal is not correct, replace the main board.

• If an output signal is not correct, replace the transist or or the main board.

Figure 3-18.

Waveform 11

3.6 Repairing the Printer Mechanism

The table below describes how to repair the printer mechanism. It lists various printer mechanism problems and symptoms, and provides likely causes, checkpoints, and solutions. The checkpoint column lists what to check and indicates how the printer mechanism works when it is operating properly. The solution column tells you how to repair the printer mechanism.

For replacement and adjustment instructions, see Chapter 4, “Disassembly and Assembly,” and Chapter 5, “Adjustment.” If the same symptom recurs after you repair the printer mechanism, select another probable cause and repair the printer mechanism again.

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Carriage operation is abnormal.

When you turn on the printer, the CR motor does not rotate at all.

When you turn on the printer, the CR motor does not rotate at all and the control panel LEDs flash. When you turn on the printer, the CR motor rotates but the carriage does not move.

The carriage moves slightly and then stops.

The CR mot or is defective.

CN11 is not properly connected to the main board.

The timing belt has come off th e pinion gear of the CR motor. The platen gap is too narrow.

Measure the CR motor’s coil resistance. It should be approx. 2. 7 Ω. (See Table 3-3.) Check the connection.

Check the timing belt.

Move the carriage by hand to check if it moves smoothly.

Replace the CR motor.

Connect CN11.

Replace the timing belt.

Check the platen gap and adjust it if it is too small. See Chapter 5.

3-11

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Carriage operation is abnormal.

The carriage moves slightly and then stops.

The carriage moves le f t (toward the home position) and strikes the printer frame.

There is a lack of lubrication, or foreign material is stuck on the CR shaft or oil pad.

The HP sensor is defective.

Foreig n material is lodged between the HP sensor terminals. The HP sensor is not properly connected to CN4. The HP sensor is defective.

• Mov e the carriage by hand to check if it moves smoothly.

• Check the CR shaft and oil pad to see if they are sufficiently lubricated.

Check the operation of the HP sensor. (See Table 3-2.) Check the HP sensor.

Check the connection.

Check the operation of the HP sensor. (See Table 3-2.)

Replace the oil pad. Remove the CR shaft, clean it, and then lubricate it.

Replace the HP sensor.

Remove any foreign material.

Connect CN4.

Replace the HP sensor.

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Printing is abnormal.

No image is printed.

The printer does not print certain dots.

The common wires in the print head FFC are disconnected or there is no continuity. The print head is defective.

The common wires in the print head FFC are disconnected, or there is no continuity.

Check the common wires in the print head FFC.

Measure the coi l resistance of the print head. It should be approx. 16. 4 Ω. (See Table 3-1.) Check the continuity in the FFC.

Replace the print head FFC.

Replace the print head.

Replace the print head FFC.

3-12

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Printing is uneven (lighter or darker on the left side of the page than on the right si de). Printing is too light.

Platen paralleli sm is not adjusted properly.

The platen gap is too w i de.

The print head is defective.

The print head drivers on t he main board are bad.

Check the platen parallelism. (See Chapter 5.)

Check the platen gap. (See Chapter 5.)

Check if the tips of the dot wires are worn. Check the print head drivers on the main board. (See Table 3-7.)

Adjust the platen parallelism. (See Chapter 5.)

Adjust the platen gap. (See Chapter 5.) Replace the print head. Replace the main board.

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Paper feeding is abnormal.

The PF motor does not rotate at all.

When you turn on the printer, it ejects the paper automatically and then indicates it is in the ready state.

The PF motor is defective.

CN10 is not properly connected to the main board. The front or rear PE sensor i s defective.

The front or rear PE sensor i s not installed correctly.

Foreign material is stuck on the TOP sensor.

The TOP sensor is defective.

Measure the coi l resistance of the PF motor. It should be approx. 16. 1 Ω. (See Table 3-3.) Check the connection.

Check the operation of the front and rear PE sensors. (See Table 3-2.) Check the front and rear PE sensor connections.

Check the TOP sensor.

Check the operation of the TOP sensor. (See Table 3-2.)

Replace the PF motor.

Connect CN10.

Replace the front or rear PE sensor.

In stall the front and/or rear PE sensor correctly. Remove any foreign material from the TOP sensor.

Replace the TOP sensor.

3-13

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 3 Troubleshooting

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Paper feeding is abnormal.

When you turn on the printer, it ejects the paper automatically and a paper out error occurs.

When you load paper, the printer ejects it automatically.

Foreig n material is lodged between the front or rear PE sensor and the platen. CN5 or CN6 is disconnected.

The front or rear PE sensor is defective.

The TOP sensor’s FFC i s not properly connected to CN7. The FFC is defective.

The TOP sensor is defective.

Remove and check the platen.

Check the connections.

Check the operation of the front and rear PE sensors. (See Table 3-2.) Check the connection.

Check the FFC’s continuity using a multimeter. Check the operation of the TOP sensor. (See Table 3-2.)

Remove any foreign material from the platen.

Connect CN5 and/or CN6. Replace the front or rear PE sensor.

Connect the FFC.

Replace the FFC.

Replace the TOP sensor.

Table 3-8. Repairing the Printer Mechanism (Continued)

Problem Symptom Cause Checkpoint Solution

Paper feeding is abnormal.

Ribbon feeding is abnormal.

The printer loads single-sheet paper correctly, but does not load continuous paper at all.

The printer does not feed the ribbon.

The ribbon feeds properly only when the carriage moves in one direction.

CN12 is not connected properly.

One of the paper release sensors is defective.

The ribbon cartridge is defective.

Foreig n material is caught in the ribbon driv i ng gears.

The ribbon drivi ng gears are defective.

Check the connection.

Check the operation of the paper release sensors. (See Table 3-2.) Remove the cartridge, and turn the ribbon feed knob by hand to check if the ribbon cartridge feeds the ribbon normally. Check the ribbon driv i ng gears.

Move the carriage by hand to check if the gears function normally.

Connect CN12.

Replace the paper release sensor.

Replace the ribbon cartridge.

Remove any foreign material caught in the gears or replace the ribbon cartridge. Replace the ribbon driv i ng mechanism.

3-14

DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY

&+$37(5



EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.1 Overview

This section provides warnings and cautions about disassembling and assembling the printer, and information about tools and screws. It also describes how to check the printer after you repair it to make sure it is operating properly.

4.1.1 Precautions

Follow the precautions below when disassembling or assembling the printer.

WARNING

CAUTION



Before disassembling, assembling, or adjusting the printer, disconnect the power supply cable from the AC power socket. Failure to do so can cause physical injury.



The power switch is wired in the secondary circuitry of the power supply board. Therefore , the power supply’s primary circ uitry remains live even after the printer is turned off.



Never touch primary parts of the power supply unit (including the heat sink) while the printer is plugged in.

To maintain effi cient printer operation:



Use only recommended tools for repair or maintenance work.



Use only recommended lubricants and adhesives. (See Chapter 6.)



Adjust the printer only as described in this manual.

4.1.2 Tools

Tables 4-1 and 4-2 list the tools recommended for disassembling, assembling, or adjusting the printer. Use only tools that meet these specifications.

Table 4-1. Re commended Tools

Tool Part No.

Round-nose pliers B740400100 Wire cutters B740500100 Tweezers B741000100 Soldering iron B740200100 E-ring holder #2.5 B740800400 Phillips screwdrive r No. 2 B743800200 Standard screwdriver B743000100 Thickness gauge B776702201 Needle-nose pliers — Pin drive —

Note: All tools are commercially available.

Table 4-2. Equipment Required for Maintenance

Description Specification

Multimeter — Oscilloscope 50 MHz

Note: An oscillo sc ope is required only for servicers who repair to the component level.

4-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.1.3 Specifications for Screws

Table 4-3 lists the abbreviations used in this chapter for small parts, such as screws and washers.

Table 4-3. S crew Types and Abbreviations

Abbreviation Part Name

CPS Cross-recessed pan head S-tight screw CBB Cross-recessed bind head B-tight screw

CBS Cross-recessed bind head S-tight screw CBN Cross-recessed bind head N-tight screw CBC Cross-recessed bind head C-lamitite screw CBA Cross-recessed bind head A-lamitite screw

CB(O) Cross-recessed bind head with outside-toothed lock

washer

Table 4-4 illustrates the various screw type s .

Table 4-4. Screw Types

Head

Top Side

Cross-recessed head

Pan

Bind

(with notc h)

Body

S-tight

Normal

B-tight

C-lamitite

A-lamitite

4-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.1.4 Service Check After Repair

After you repair the printer and before you return it, use the checklist in Table 4-5 to make sure the printer is operating properly.

Table 4-5. Inspection Checklist for the Repaired Printer

Category Item to

Check

Printer unit

Print head

Carriage mechanism

Paper advance mechanism

Question to Answer Checkmark

Are any wires broken?

Are any wires worn out?

Does the carriage move smoothly?



Movement noisy



Mechanism dirty



Mechanism oily

Is the CR motor running at the correct



Checked



Not necessary



Checked



Not necessary



Checked



Not necessary



Checked



Not necessary temperature (not overheating)?



Is paper advancing smoothly?



Movement noisy



Mechanism dirty



Mechanism oily

Is the PF motor running at the correct

Checked



Not necessary



Checked



Not necessary temperature (not overheating)?

Table 4-5. Inspection Checklist for the Repaired Printer

Category Item to

Question to Answer Checkmark

Check

Printer unit

(continued)

Paper path

Is the type of paper in the printer feeding smoothly? Is the tractor feeding paper correctly? Is the paper path clear of all obstructions? Is the platen free of

damage? Ribbon mask

Is the ribbon mask free of

distortion?

Testing Self test Does the self test print

correctly? Online test Does the online test print

correctly?

Adjustment Print head Is the platen gap adjusted

correctly?

Is the bidirectional print

position adjusted

                 

correctly? Default settings

Have the user-change-

able settings been reset

 

to the default settings?

System upgrade

ROM version

What is the ROM

version? Install the latest

 

ROM version, if

necessary. Shipment Has the ribbon been

removed?

 

(Continued)

Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary Checked Not necessary

Checked Not necessary

Are all the necessary

parts included in the

shipment?



Checked



Not necessary

4-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2 Disassembl y and Assembly

This section describes procedures for disassembling and assembling the main components of the printer. When the procedure for installing a component is simply the reverse of removing the component, this chapter does not describe the assembly procedure. If necessary, special notes on assembling or adjusting a component are given at the end of the description of each procedure. Be sure to follow the instructions in these notes.

The exploded diagrams in the appendix show how the components fit together. Refer to them as necessary.

CAUTION



Before you disassemble any pa rt of the printer, read the warnings in section 4.1.1.



Before you disassemble the printer, follow the instructions in section 4.2.1.



Whenever you repair the printer, wipe the surface of the paper width (PW) sensor assembly with a soft cloth, and keep it clean to avoid abnormal opera tion. If the surface is dirty because of any adhering material, sensor sensitivity decreases and printer operation is impaired.

The flowchart below shows the order in which to disassemble the printer.

START

Disconnect the printer's power

cord and interface cable

Prepare for disassembly

Remove the panel

board assembly

Remove the upper

housing assembly

Remove the

printer mechanism

Remove the CR motor

Remove the left frame

assembly

Remove the RD assembly

Remove the CR assembly

Remove the

HP sensor

Remove the case

open sensor

assembly

Remove the right sub

frame assembly

Remove the

print head

Remove the PF motor

Remove the right

frame assembly

Disassemble the

right frame assembly

Remove the

PW sensor

Remove the

main board

assembly

Remove the rear PE

sensor

Remove the

platen assembly

Remove the

ribbon mask

Remove the power

supply board

Remove the

PG sensor

Remove the front

PE sensor

Remove the

platen gear

Figure 4-1. Flowchart for Disassembling the Printer

4-4

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.1 Preparing to Disassemble the Printer

Before you disassemble the printer, disconnect the printer’s power cord and interface cable, and remove any paper loaded in the printer. Then remove the following parts from the printer:

front edge guide assembly rear tractor assembly bottom cover rear edge guide assembly paper eject assembly printer cover front tractor assembly front cover ribbon cartridge platen knob

Refer to Figure 4-3.

CAUTION

Remove the paper eject assembly. Then remove the front and rear tractor assemblies by pushing the tabs to release the hooks on both sides. (See Figure 4-2 to locate the tabs on the rear tractor.) When reinstalling the tractors, be sure to snap the hooks onto the projecting parts.

rear tractor tab (1 of 2)

printer cover

paper eject assem bly

ribbon cartridge

fro n t tra c to r a s s e m b ly

rear edge guide assem bly

rear tractor assem bly

Figure 4-2. Removing the Rear Tractor

platen knob

front edge guide assem bly

front cover

Figure 4-3. Parts to Remove Before Disassembling the Printer

4-5

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.2 Removing the Panel Board Assembly

Remove the printer cover and ribbon cartridge. (See section 4.2.1.)

Release the left clips for the panel board assembly by pushing them

from the cutout located on the inside front of the upper housing assembly.

Release the flexible flat cable (FFC) by sliding the lock cover of

connector CN1 as shown in Figure 4-5. Then disconnect the FFC from connector CN1 and disconnect connector CN2 from the panel board assembly.

left clip

IMPORTANT



Before disconnecti ng the FFC from CN1, slide the lock cover for CN1 as shown in Figure 4-5. Then disconnect the FFC from CN1. After you reconnect the FFC for CN1, lock the lock cover.



The FFC must be connected properly, as shown in Figure 4-5. Connect it so that the exposed terminals of the FFC face upward against the panel board.

lock cover for C N 1

S lide the lock cover in th is d ir e c tio n

CN1 CN1

CN1

CN2

Figure 4-4. Removing the Panel Board Assembly

Remove the panel board assembly from the upper housing assembly.

CN1

F F C fa c e w ith e x p o s e d te rm in a ls

FFC

Figure 4-5. Disconnecting and Connecting CN1 and the FFC

4-6

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.3 Removing the Print Head

Remove the printer cover and ribbon cartridge. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the two CBS screws (3 × 10) securing the print head to the

CR assembly. Remove the print head from the CR assembly.

Disconnect the two wide FFCs from the print head and then

disconnect the narrow FFC from the connector on the CR cover.

print head

CR assem bly

CBS screws (3 x 10)

IMPORTANT

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

The FFCs must be connected properly, a s shown in Figure 4-7.



The tightening torque for the CBS screws is

0.59 - 0.78 Nm (6 - 8 Kgf-cm).

Perform the platen gap/parallelism, bidirectional print alignment, factory settings, and TPE level reset adjustments. (See Chapter 5.)

print head

print head F FC s

Figure 4-6. Removing the Print Head

FFCs

direction the exposed term inals of the F FC s face

Figure 4-7. Connecting the Print Head FFCs

4-7

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.4 Removing the HP Sensor

Remove the printer cover, ribbon cartridge, front edge guide, and front

cover. (See section 4.2.1.) Disconnect the connector cable for the HP sensor.

IMPORTANT

Remove the HP sensor from the front paper entrance by pushing up

and releasing the two clips at the bottom of the HP sensor.

2 clips securing the HP sensor

Note the orientati on of the HP sensor so you can reinstall it the same way. See Figure 4-8.

4.2.5 Removing the PW Sensor Assembly

Remove the printer cover and ribbon cartridge. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the print head. (See section 4.2.3.)

Remove the CB screw (2.5 × 5) securing the PW sensor to the ribbon

mask holder. Release the three clips on the CR cover that secure it to the bottom of

the CR assembly. Then lift the cover slightly. Remove the FFC from the PW sensor connector on the CR cover.

Remove the PW sensor assembly along with the CR cover by pushing

and releasing the clip for the CR cover, as shown in Figure 4-9.

PW sensor FFC

PW sensor assem bly

C R co ver

Figure 4-8. Removing the HP Sensor

CB screw (2.5 x 5)

CR assembly

Figure 4-9. Removing the PW Sensor Assembly

4-8

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

IMPORTANT



Mount the PW sensor assembly onto the ribbon mask holder groove, aligning the bottom line of the micro photo sensor with the bottom line of the groove.



Whenever you remove the PW sensor assembly, clean the surface of the sensor by wiping it with a soft cloth. If the PW sensor is not clean, the printer may operate incorrectly. For example, it may print on the platen surface.



The tightening torque for the CB screw is 0.08 -

0.12 Nm (0.8 - 0.12 Kgf-cm).

The bold dashed lines indicate the grooves.

CB screw (2.5 x 5)

PW sensor assem bly

m icro photo sensor

PW sensor view ed through the ribbon m ask holder

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After you replace the PW sensor assembly, reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

4.2.6 Removing the Ribbon Mask

Remove the printer cover, ribbon cartridge, and print head. (See

sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.3.) Using tweezers, remove the ribbon mask from the ribbon mask holder,

as shown in Figure 4-11.

ribbon mask

ribbon mask holder

ribbon m ask holder

Figure 4-10. Installing the PW Sensor Assembly

Figure 4-11. Removing the Ribbon Mask

4-9

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

Remove the upper housing assembly.

4.2.7 Removing the Upper Housing Assembly

CBB screws (4 x 4)

Remove the printer cover, rear edge guide assembly, paper eject

assembly, and rear tractor unit. (See section 4.2.1.) Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the four CBB screws (4 × 4) securing the upper housing

assembly. (Figure 4-13 shows the screw locations.) Remove the platen knob.

Release the two hooks from the holes on both sides of the upper

housing assembly near the front, and release the tab in the middle front of the upper housing assembly. Then lift up the front of the upper housing assembly.

tab

Figure 4-12. Releasing the Upper Housing Assembly Hooks and Tab

IMPORTANT

Figure 4-13. Removing the Upper Housing Assembly

The tightening torque for the four CBB screws is

0.98 - 1.22 Nm (10 - 12 Kgf-cm).

4-10

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

Pull up the left edge of the platen assembly by tilting it backward.

4.2.8 Removing the Platen Assembly

Remove the printer cover, ribbon cartridge, and platen knob. (See

section 4.2.1.) Remove the print head, ribbon mask, and upper housing assembly.

(See sections 4.2.3, 4.2.6, and 4.2.7.) Move the paper release lever to the pull tractor position.

Release the locks for the left and right bushings (8 mm) by pushing

the lever holders for the bushings out and then forward, as shown in Figure 4-14.

left and right bushings (8 mm)

Then pull up the right edge of the platen assembly.

Figure 4-15. Removing the Platen Assembly

Figure 4-14. Releasing the Locks for the Bushings

Slide the platen assembly to the right, and move the print head to the

right edge.

IMPORTANT

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

Before installing the platen assembly in the printer mechanism, move the print head to the right edge of the CR shaft, and move the paper release lever to the pull tractor position. This helps you mount the platen assembly more easily.



After installing the platen assembly in the printer mechanism, make sure the locks for both the left and right bushings (8 mm) are locked completely.



Be careful handling the lever holders for the left and right bushings (8 mm); they are fragile.

Adjust the platen gap/parallelism and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

4-11

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.9 Removing the Platen Gear

Remove the printer cover, ribbon cartridge, and platen knob. (See

section 4.2.1.) Remove the print head, ribbon mask, and upper housing assembly.

(See sections 4.2.3, 4.2.6, and 4.2.7.) Remove the platen assembly. (See section 4.2.8.)

Remove the retaining ring (C clip) by pushing both sides of it using

needle-nose pliers.

retaining ring (#638)

right bushing

leaf spring plain

platen gear (36 mm spur gear)

washer

spring pin (2 × 12)

Figure 4-17. Removing the Platen Gear

4.2.10 Removing the Case Open Sensor Assembly

Remove the printer cover, rear edge guide assembly, paper eject

assembly, and rear tractor unit. (See section 4.2.1.) Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Figure 4-16. Removing the Retaining Ring

Remove the spring pin (2 x 12) using a pin drive. Then remove the

platen gear (36 mm spur gear).

Turn the upper housing assembly over and remove the case open

sensor assembly by loosening the CBB screw (3 × 8) securing the sensor holder to the upper housing assembly.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

CBB screw (3 x 8 )

sensor holder

upper housing assem bly

CB screw (2 x 8 )

case open sensor assem bly

Figure 4-18. Removing the Case Open Sensor Assembly

4.2.11 Removing the Printer Mechanism

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and rear tractor unit. (See section 4.2.1.) Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the three CBS screws (3 × 4) securing the upper shield plate

to the printer mechanism and remove the upper shield plate. Then remove the upper I/F grounding plate from the main board assembly.

upper shield plate

CBS screws (3 × 4)

upper I/F grounding plat e

Figure 4-19. Removing the Upper Shield Plate and Upper I/F

Grounding Plate

4-13

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

Disconnect the cables from the following connectors on the main

board assembly.

printer mechanism mo unting scr ews

Table 4-6. Main Board Connectors

Connector

Number

Pins Connector

Color

Connector

Number

Pins Connector

Color

CN4 3 white CN5 3 black CN6 2 white CN7 4 gray

CN8 18 gray CN9 16 gray CN10 4 white CN11 5 white CN12 4 white CN13 4 black

Note: To disconnect the cables from CN10 and CN11, pull up the connector locks.

As shown in Figure 4-20, remove the four printer mechanism

mounting screws securing the printer mechanism. Remove the printer mechanism.

IMPORTANT



When you connect the cables to CN10 and CN11, align the red line in the cable with pin 1 of the connector.



The tightening torque for the four printer mechanism mounting screws is 0.78 - 0 .98 Nm (10 - 12 Kgf-cm).

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Adjust the bidirectional print alignment and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

Figure 4-20. Removing the Printer Mechanism

4-14

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

C R m ounting screw s

4.2.11.1 Removing the CR Motor Assembly

Remove the printer cover, rear edge guide assembly, paper eject

assembly, and rear tractor unit. (See section 4.2.1.) Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Release the extension spring (15.7 g) and then disengage the timing

belt from the CR motor assembly. Remove the two screws secu ring the CR motor assembly.

Remove the CR motor assembly from the printer mechanism.

extension spring (15.7 g)

Figure 4-21. Removing the CR Motor Assembly

IMPORTANT

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CR motor assem bly

The tightening torque for the two CR mounting screws is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).

Adjust the bidirectional print alignment and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

4-15

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.2 Removing the PF Motor Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Move the paper release lever to the pull tractor position.

Remove the CBS screw (3 × 6) and the CB screw (3 × 8) securing the

PF motor to the right sub frame. Remove the PF motor from the right sub frame.

IMPORTANT



Before attaching the PF motor to the right sub frame, set the paper release lever to the pull tractor position (full release position).



The CB screw (3 ×× 8) is used to secure the upper part of the PF motor. The CBS scre w (3 ×× 6) is used to secure the lower part of the PF motor.



The tightening torque for the CB and CBS screws is 0.8 - 1.0 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).

paper release lever

P F m o to r

CB screw (3 x 8)

C B S s c re w (3 x 6 )

right sub fram e

Figure 4-22. Removing the PF Motor

4-16

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.3 Removing the PG Sensor Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Loosen but do not remove the hexagonal nut (M4) securing the PG

sensor assembly to the right frame assembly. Remove the PG sensor assembly from the right frame assembly.

PG sensor assembly

IMPORTANT



When you connect the PG sensors to the PG sensor holder, make sure the sensor with the white connector is in the upper position, as shown in Figure 4-24.



The tightening torque for the hexagonal nut is

1.18 - 1.37 Nm (12 - 14 Kgf-cm).

PG SW 2 (black connector)

PG SW 1 (w hite connector)

hexagonal nut

Figure 4-23. Removing the PG Sensor Assembly

Figure 4-24. Connecting the PG Sensors to the PG Sensor Holder

4-17

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.4 Removing the Right Sub Frame Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Remove the PF motor assembly. (See section 4.2.11.2.)

Remove the two CBS screws (3 × 6 and 3 × 8) securing the right sub

frame. Remove the right sub frame from the right frame.

right sub fram e

IMPORTANT



The tightening torque for the CBS screws (3 ×× 6 and 3 ×× 8) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).

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Adjust the bidirectiona l print alignment. (See Chapter 5.)

4.2.11.5 Removing the Right Frame Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Remove the platen assembly. (See section 4.2.8.)

Remove the PG sensor assembly. (See section 4.2.11.3.)

Remove the right sub frame assembly. (See section 4.2.11.4.)

CBS screw (3 x 6)

CBS screw (3 x 8)

Figure 4-25. Removing the Right Sub Frame

Remove the hexagonal nut (M4) securing the gap adjust lever. Then

remove the lever from the right frame assembly. Remove the CBS screw (3 × 6) securing the platen cover to the right

frame assembly. Remove the two CBS screws (3 × 6) securing the right frame

10.

assembly at the positions shown in Figure 4-26. Remove the right frame assembly.

11.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.6 Disassembling the Right Frame Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Remove the PF motor assembly. (See section 4.2.11.2.)

Remove the right sub frame assembly. (See section 4.2.11.4.)

Remove the right frame assembly. (See section 4.2.11.5.)

Remove the following 11 parts from the right frame assembly:

2 compression springs (200 g) 2 plain washers 2 spur gears (34.5 mm) 1 spur gear (34 mm) 1 spur gear (27 mm) 1 spur gear (21 mm) 1 combination gear (8 mm, 31.5 mm) 1 intermittent gear

IMPORTANT



When assembling the right frame assembly, attach the 11 parts listed in step 8 to the right frame assembly as shown in the following figures.

Figure 4-26. Removing the Right Frame Assembly

IMPORTANT

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C BS scre w s (3 x 6)



The tightening torque for the hexagonal nut is

1.18 - 1.37 Nm (12 - 14 Kgf-cm).

Adjust the platen gap/parallelism and bidirectional print alignment, and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

4-19

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

2 com pression springs (200 g) and 2 plain w ashers

spur gear (21 m m )

IMPORTANT



Engage the intermittent gear, release lever, and release lever transmission as shown in Figure 4-28.



spur gear (34.5 m m )

Engage the release lever and release lever transmission with the tractor clutch cam.



Attach the tractor clutch cam as shown in

com bination gear (8 m m , 31.5 m m )

Figure 4-29.

interm ittent gear

spur gear (27 m m )

spur gear (34.5 m m )

spur gear (34 m m )

Figure 4-27. Engaging the Right Frame Assembly Gears (1 of 2)

release lever

top end of spur

release lever transmission

intermittent gear

gear (34.5 mm)

top end of release lever shaft

Figure 4-28. Engaging the Right Frame Assembly Gears (2 of 2)

4-20

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.7 Removing the Left Frame Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Disconnect the cable connector from the release lever sensor, and

then disconnect the cable connector from the HP sensor. Remove the print head and the ribbon mask holder. (See sections

4.2.3 and 4.2.6.) Remove the platen assembly. (See section 4.2.8.)

Remove the CBS screw (3 × 6) securing the platen cover to the left

frame assembly.

Figure 4-29. Engaging the Tractor Clutch Cam

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tractor clutch cam

Adjust the bidirectiona l print alignment. (See Chapter 5.)

Loosen the hexagonal nut (M4) securing the CR guide shaft and left

frame. Remove the parallelism adjustment bushing.

10.

Remove the four CBS screws (3 × 6) securing the left frame

11.

assembly. Remove the left frame assembly.

12.

IMPORTANT



The tightening torque for the CBS screws (3 ×× 6) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).



The tightening torque for the hexagonal nut is

1.18 - 1.37 Nm (12 - 14 Kgf-cm).

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

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Adjust the platen gap/parallelism and bidirectional pri nt alignment, and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

platen cover

CBS screw (3 × 6)

hexagonal nut (M4)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Remove the CR motor tension spring and disengage the timing belt

from the CR motor pinion gear. (See section 4.2.11.1.) Remove the left frame assembly. (See section 4.2.11.7.)

Remove the two CBS screws (3 × 8) securing the RD assembly to the

front frame. Remove the RD assembly from the front frame.

CBS screws (3 × 6)

the left frame

securin

Remove the timing belt from the RD assembly.

driven pulley assem bly

RD assem bly

hexagonal nut

parallelism adjustment bushin

Figure 4-30. Removing the Left Frame Assembly

4.2.11.8 Removing the Ribbon Drive (RD) Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

tim ing belt

Figure 4-31. Removing the RD Assembly

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.9 Removing the CR Assembly

IMPORTANT

RD rachet



The tightening torque for the two CBS screws (3 ×× 8) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).



Engage the RD assembly gears as shown in Figure 4-32.

com bination gear (7 m m , 23 m m )

driven pulley assem bly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Remove the left frame assembly. (See section 4.2.11.7.)

Remove the RD assembly. (See section 4.2.11.8.)

Remove the CR assembly from the front and rear CR guide shafts.

spur gear (11 m m )

Figure 4-32. Engaging the RD Assembly Gears

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spur gear (25 m m )

Adjust the platen gap/parallelism and bidirectional print alignment, and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

CR assembly

rear CR guide shaft

Figure 4-33. Removing the CR Assembly

Remove th e CR assembly.

Remove the timing belt from the two holding slots under the CR

assembly.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

IMPORTANT



When installing the CR assembly, insert the timing belt securely into the two holding slots at the bottom of the CR assembly.



Make sure you take up all the slack in the timing belt between the two slots, as shown below.

CR assembly

timing belt

Figure 4-34. Inserting the Timing Belt

Insert the two oil pads into the proper positions in the CR assembly, as shown in Figure 4-35.

rear CR guide shaft

oil pads

CR assembl

Figure 4-35. Installing the Oil Pads in the CR Assembly

4-24

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.10 Removing the Rear PE Sensor Assembly

IMPORTANT



If you remove the rear CR guide shaft along with the CR assembly, be sure to reinstall the rear CR guide shaft in the printer mechanism.



The rear CR guide shaft has a hole near the right edge. One side of the hole has a chamfered edge; this side of the hole should face up, as shown in Figure 4-36.

CR guide shaft

chamfered hole

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Turn the printer over, and insert a standard screwdriver or other prying

tool into the hole in the rear frame. Release the two clips while pushing up the rear PE sensor with the

screwdriver or other prying tool. See Figure 4-37. Disconnect the rear PE sensor connector and then remove the rear

PE sensor assembly.

Figure 4-36. Installing the Rear CR Guide Shaft

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left frame assembl

Adjust the platen gap/parallelism and bidirectional print alignment, and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

clips

rear PE sensor assembly

rear frame

Figure 4-37. Removing the Rear PE Sensor Assembly

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.11 Removing the Front PE Sensor Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Remove the printer mechanism. (See section 4.2.11.)

Turn the printer over, and insert a standard screwdriver or other prying

tool into the hole in the rear frame. Release the two clips while pushing up the front PE sensor with the

screwdriver or other prying tool. See Figure 4-38. Disconnect the front PE sensor connector and then remove the front

PE sensor assembly.

4.2.11.12 Removing the Main Board Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Disconnect the cables from the following connectors on the main

board assembly.

Table 4-7. Main Board Connectors

Connector

Number

CN3 10 white CN4 3 white CN5 3 black CN6 2 white CN7 4 gray CN8 18 gray

CN9 16 gray CN10 4 white CN11 5 white CN12 4 white CN13 4 black CN15 22 white

Note:

Pins Connector

Color

Connector

Number

Pins Connector

Color

clips

re a r fra m e

front P E sensor assem bly

Figure 4-38. Removing the Front PE Sensor Assembly



To disconnect the cables from CN10 and CN11, pull up the connector

locks.



To disconnect the cable from CN3, push down on the connector

cover.

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

Remove the three CBS screws (3 × 4) securing the upper shield plate

to the printer mechanism and remove the upper shield plate. Then remove the upper I/F grounding plate from the main board assembly.

upper shield plate

CBS screws (3 × 4)

upper I/F grounding plat e

Figure 4-39. Removing the Upper Shield Plate and Upper I/F

Grounding Plate

Remove the two CBS screws (3 × 12) securing the upper connector

cover. Remove the f ive CB B screws (3 × 12) and one CBC lamitite screw

(3 × 8) securing the main board assembly to the lower housing assembly.

Remove the optional I/F cage from the main board by releasing the

hooks that secure it to the main board.

IMPORTANT

CBB screws (3 x 12)

m ain board assem bly

CBC screw (3 x 8 )

upper connector cover

Figure 4-40. Removing the Main Board Assembly



Insert the CBC lamitite screw (3 ×× 8) into the appropriate screw hole as shown in Figure 4-40.



After you insert the cable connectors into CN10 and CN11, push down each connector’s lock.



The tightening torque for the four CBB screws (3 ×× 12) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).



The tightening torque for the CBC screw (3 ×× 8) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).

CBS screws (3 x 12)

CBB screws (3 x 12)

Remove the main board assembly with the upper I/F grounding plate.

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If you replace the main board, adjust the bidirectional print alignment, reset the fa ctory settings, and reset the TPE level. (See Chapter 5.)

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EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 4 Disassembly and Assembly

4.2.11.13 Removing the Power Supply Board Assembly

Remove the printer cover, front and rear edge guide assemblies, front

cover, paper eject assembly, and front and rear tractor units. (See section 4.2.1.)

Remove the panel board assembly. (See section 4.2.2.)

Remove the upper housing assembly. (See section 4.2.7.)

Disconnect the cable from CN3 on the main board assembly.

Disconnect the cable for the fan motor from CN3 on the power supply

board assembly. Then remove the fan motor. Remove the f ive CB B screws (3 × 12) securing the power supply

board assembly. Remove the power supply board assembly.

pow er supply board assem bly

Figure 4-41. Removing the Power Supply Board Assembly

IMPORTANT



When installing the power supply board assembly, insert the cable for CN2 on the power supply board under the fan motor.



The tightening torque for the CBB screws (3 ×× 12) is 0.78 - 0.98 Nm (8 - 10 Kgf-cm).



Install the fan motor so that the label side of the fan faces the main board assembly. (See Figure 4-41 above.)

CN3 (power supply)

m ain board

fan m otor

label side

C N 3 (m ain board)

4-28

ADJUSTMENTS

&+$37(5



EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

5.1 Adjustment Overview

5.1.1 Required Adjustments

This chapter describes the adjustments you need to perform after you remove or replace certain printer parts. The table below indicates which adjustments are required for each repair procedure.

Table 5-1. Required Adjustments

Repair Procedure/

Adjustment

Printer mechanism replacement Print head removal or replacement Main board replacement PW sensor assembly replacement Platen assembly removal or replacement Carriage motor assembly removal or replacement Right frame assembly removal or replacement Right sub frame assembly removal or disassembly

Platen Gap/

Parallelism

 ✔  ✔

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 ✔✔✔

  

✔ ✔



✔✔✔



Bidirectional

Alignment

✔

Factory

Settings



 

TPE

Level

Reset

✔

Table 5-1. Required Adjustments (Continued)

Repair Procedure/

Adjustment

Left frame removal or replacement RD assembly removal or replacement Carriage assembly removal or replacement

✔ Indicates that the adjustment is required.  Indicates that the adjustment is not required.

IMPORTANT

Platen Gap/

Parallelism

✔✔✔

✔ ✔

✔✔✔

Bidirectional

Alignment

Factory

Settings



When you replace or reassemble any printer part, use the Check program on the Settings diskette to print various check patterns and check the printer’s performance and settings.

5.1.2 Adjustment Tools

The following table lists the tools required for each adjustment.

Table 5-2. Required Adjustment Tools

Adjustment Required Tool

Platen gap Thickness gauge (B776702201) Bidirectional print alignment Factory settings Settings diskette TPE level reset Settings diskette

Settings diskette, Remote utility, or the printer’s control panel

TPE

Level

Reset

✔

5-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

5.2 Adjusting and Resetting the Printer

5.2.1 Platen Gap/Parallelism Adjustment

If you have rotated or reassembled the rear carriage guide shaft or parallelism adjustment bushing, or if printing is too light or too dark even when the PG lever is in the proper position, perform the platen gap/parallelism adjustment.

Perform this adjustment at the following three positions: the far left, center, and far right (about the 1

Remove the print head from the carriage assembly. (See Chapter 4.)

Using tweezers, remove the ribbon mask from the ribbon mask holder, as shown in Figure 5-1.

, 68th, and 136th) columns.

ribbon mask

ribbon mask holder

Figure 5-1. Removing the Ribbon Mask

5-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

Attach the print head to the carriage assembly again and tighten the two CBS screws (3 × 10).

Move the print head to the left end column position.

Set the paper release lever to the single-sheet position.

Loosen the hexagonal nut (M4) securing the PG adjustment lever and set the PG adjustment lever to the second slot from the rear of the printer mechanism, as shown in Figure 5-2.

PG SW1

PG ad justm ent lever

Insert a thin screwdriver into the drilled hole located at the right edge of the rear carriage guide shaft. Then adjust the platen gap by moving the screwdriver forward or backward until the gap is large enough for a

0.42 mm thickness gauge, but too narrow for a 0.45 mm thickness gauge.

drilled hole

hexagonal nut (M4)

PG SW2

PG ad jus tment slots

Figure 5-2. Setting the PG Adjustment Lever

Hold the thickness gauge vertically and insert it between the print head and platen.

Figure 5-3. Adjusting the Platen Gap

When the gap is correct at the left end column, check the platen gap at the center and right end column positions.

5-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

12.

10.

If the platen gap is wider at the left end column than at the right end column, adjust the parallelism for the rear carriage guide shaft by moving the parallelism adjustment bushing backward. If the platen gap is narrower at the left end column than at the right end column, move the parallelism adjustment bushing forward. See Figure 5-4.

Remove the print head from the carriage assembly.

13.

Insert the ribbon mask into the ribbon mask holder. Then attach the print head to the carriage assembly, and tighten the two CBS screws (3

8) to secure the print head.

14.

Tighten the hexagonal nut (M4) to secure the PG adjustment lever.

5.2.2 Bidirectional Print Alignment (Bi-d) Adjustment

This section describes how to adjust the bidirectional print alignment. This adjustment is required after you remove or replace the printer mechanism. It is also necessary after you replace the main board assembly or the EEPROM, because the adjustment values are written to the EEPROM on the main board.

You can perform this adjustment using the Settings diskette, the control panel buttons and lights, or the Remote utility. This section first describes how to perform the bi-d adjustment using the Settings diskette, and then describes how to perform the adjustment from the control panel.

hexagonal nut

parallelism adjustment bushing

Figure 5-4. Adjusting the Parallelism of the Carriage Guide Shaft

11.

Continue performing steps 7 through 10 until the platen gap is correct at all three positions (left end, right end, and center). After completing the adjustment, remove the screwdriver from the drilled hole in the rear carriage guide shaft.

IMPORTANT

When you replace the main board, reset the



factory settings as described in section 5.2.3 first, and then adjust the bidirectional print alignment. Do not adjust the bidirectional print alignment if



the input voltage is fluctuating significantly. Before you run GWBASIC, exit Windows and go



to the DOS prompt. When you adjust the bidirectional print



alignment, use continuous paper that is 15 inches (381 mm) wide. Clearing the EEPROM does not reset the



bidirectional adjustment values.

5-4

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

5.2.2.1 Performing the Bi-d Adjustment Using the Settings Diskette

Make sure the PC is turned off. Insert the Settings diskette into drive A of the PC and turn on the PC.

Exit Windows and go to the DOS prompt.

At the DOS prompt, type You see the Printer Select menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Printer select ] > (1) 9 pins (2) 24 pins

Figure 5-5. Printer Select Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight the Setting File menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ****** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Setting File ] > (1) DEFSTD (2) EURSTD (3) NLSP (4) ITALIC (5) RUSS IAN

GWBASIC J10a72v.bas

9 pins

and then press

and press

Enter

. You see

Table 5-3. Destination Settings

Destination Setting Destination Setting

EAI USASTD EAI (Latin) USASTD EIRO EURSTD EDG EURSTD EUL EURSTD EUL

(SCANDINAVIA)

EURSTD

EFS EURSTD EIS EURSTD EIB EURSTD EDG (NLSP) NLSP EUL (MIDDLE

DEFSTD EAL DEFSTD EAST) ESP DEFSTD EHK DEFSTD

After you select the destination setting, you see the Main menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Main MENU ] > (1) Bi-d Adjust (6) Envelope (2) FF paper (7) ---- N/A --- (3) A3 Cut sheet (8) -- SUB MENU (4) A4 1P Cut sheet (5) A4 6P Cut sheet

Figure 5-7. Main Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight

Bi-d Adjust

and press

Enter

Figure 5-6. Setting File Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight the factory setting for the printer’s destination and press

Enter

. Refer to Table 5-3 for destination settings.

5-5

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

You see the Bi-d Adjustment menu.

< Bi-d adjustment >

The adjustment values are stored in the EEPROM

IMPORTANT

only when you turn off the printer. Turn the printer

> Mode 0 = 0 Mode 1 = 0 Mode 2 = 0

off and then on again after you perform the bi-d adjustment.

Cancel Print Speed Value Write Default [ ESC ] [ SPACE ] [ ] [ ] [ RET ] [ HOME ]

Figure 5-8. Bi-d Adjustment Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight the mode. Then press the space bar to print the current bi-d print alignment pattern for that mode.

Mode 0 VR0 = 0

HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

Figure 5-9. Current Bi-d Print Alignment Pattern

If the bi-d pattern is not aligned properly, you need to adjust it by changing the input value with the ← or → key. If the second row is shifted to the right of the first row, change the value by pressing the ← key. If the second row is shifted to the left of the first row, change the value by pressing the → key. Press the space bar to print the new bi-d pattern.

Perform steps 7 and 8 for each mode (0,1, and 2).

5.2.2.2 Performing the Bi-d Adjustment from the Control Panel

Make sure that continuous paper is loaded and the printer is turned off.

Turn on the printer while holding down the Pause button to enter bidirectional print alignment adjustment mode. The printer prints an instruction sheet that contains 25 Super Draft mode alignment patterns.

Figure 5-10. Super Draft Alignment Patterns

Look for the pattern with the best alignment on the sheet.

10.

After you correct the bidirectional print alignment for each print mode, press Enter to print the adjustment values. The program returns to the Main menu.

11.

To exit the program, press Esc until you return to the DOS prompt.

5-6

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

Press the

LF/FF

Load/Eject

button until the

Pitch

lights indicate the number of the pattern with the best alignment, as shown in Figure 5-11.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

o o o o o n o o f o n o o n n o n f o f o o f n n f f n o o n o n n o f n o o

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

n n n n n f n f o n f n n f f f o o f o n f o f f n o f n n f n f f f o

Figure 5-11. Pitch Lights

Press the

Font

button to save your selection. The printer then prints 25

Draft mode alignment patterns.

Repeat steps 3 through 5 for the Draft and NLQ modes.

After you perform the NLQ mode bi-d adjustment, turn off the printer to save the bi-d values you selected in the EEPROM on the main board. Turning off the printer also exits the bidirectional adjustment mode.

IMPORTANT

After you select the factory settings in the Setting File menu, be sure to run the Check program from the Main menu. Running the Check program writes the selected factory settings to the EEPROM and prints several check patterns.

Make sure the PC is turned off. Insert the Settings diskette into drive A of the PC and turn on the PC.

Exit Windows and go to the DOS prompt.

At the DOS prompt, type

GWBASIC J10a72v.bas

and press

You see the Printer Select menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Printer select ] > (1) 9 pins (2) 24 pins

Figure 5-12. Printer Select Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight

9 pins

and then press

Enter

. You see

the Setting File menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ****** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

Enter

5.2.3 Factory Settings

This section describes how to reset the factory settings. You must reset the factory settings after you replace the main board or the EEPROM. You can perform this procedure only with the Settings diskette.

[ Setting File ] > (1) DEFSTD (2) EURSTD (3) NLSP (4) ITALIC (5) RUSS IAN

Figure 5-13. Setting File Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight the factory setting for the printer’s destination and press

Enter

. Refer to Table 5-3 for destination settings.

After you select the factory setting, you see the Main menu.

5-7

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Main MENU ] (1) Bi-d Adjust (6) Envelope >(2) FF paper (7) ---- N/A --- (3) A3 Cut sheet (8) -- SUB MENU (4) A4 1P Cut sheet (5) A4 6P Cut sheet

Figure 5-14. Main Menu

Select one of the Check programs (selections 2 through 6) depending on the paper loaded in the printer. Run the Check program to write the selected factory settings to the EEPROM and print several check patterns.

To exit the program, press

Esc

until you return to the DOS prompt.

5.2.4 TPE Level Reset

This section describes how to reset the TPE (top paper end) level (value). Table 5-1 lists when you need to reset the TPE level. For example, if you do not perform this adjustment after you replace the PW sensor assembly, the printer does not recognize that the PW sensor has been replaced, and the ability of the new sensor to operate properly is limited. You can perform this procedure using the Settings diskette only.

At the DOS prompt, type

GWBASIC J10a72v.bas

and press

You see the Printer Select menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Printer select ] > (1) 9 pins (2) 24 pins

Figure 5-15. Printer Select Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight

9 pins

and then press

Enter

the Setting File menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ****** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Setting File ] > (1) DEFSTD (2) EURSTD (3) NLSP (4) ITALIC (5) RUSS IAN

Figure 5-16. Setting File Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight the factory setting for the printer’s destination and press

Enter

. Refer to Table 5-3 for destination settings.

Enter

. You see

IMPORTANT

After you perform the TPE level reset adjustment, the printer automatically prints the reset value for the TPE level. Check that the reset value is FF.

Make sure the PC is turned off. Insert the Settings diskette into drive A of the PC and turn on the PC.

Exit Windows and go to the DOS prompt.

5-8

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

After you select the factory setting, you see the Main menu.

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Main MENU ] (1) Bi-d Adjust (6) Envelope (2) FF paper (7) ---- N/A --- (3) A3 Cut sheet > (8) -- SUB MENU (4) A4 1P Cut sheet (5) A4 6P Cut sheet

Figure 5-17. Main Menu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight SUB MENU and press Enter. You see the following submenu:

Program : J****** Setting : ***** 9 pins VR 0 = 0 VR 1 = 0 VR 2 = 0

[ Sub MENU ] (1) Memory SW Print (6) EEPROM Print (2) EEPROM Reset (7) -- EXIT >(3) TPE Adjust (4) Pitch 1P (5) Pitch 20P

Measure the distance from the top of the paper to the 0 level line, as shown below. Check whether the distance equals 0.335 inches ± 0.020 inches (8.5 mm ± 0.5 mm).

TOF

-9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9

TPE position = 00,

Figure 5-19. TOF Measurement

Figure 5-18. Submenu

Use the ↑ or ↓ key to highlight TPE Adjust and press Enter.

Insert an A4-size sheet of paper into the printer’s rear paper guide. Make sure the paper is positioned in the portrait orientation. The TPE check pattern and the current TPE position value is printed, as shown in Figure 5-19.

After the page is printed, you see the following menu:

< TPE adjustment > TPE Pos. = 0

Exit Print Value Write Default [ESC] [SPACE] [ (0-9)] [RET] [HOME]

Figure 5-20. TPE Adjustment Menu

10.

If your TOF measurement is not equal to 0.335 inches ± 0.020 inches (8.5 mm ± 0.5 mm), use the ↑ or ↓ key to change the TOF value. Then press Enter.

5-9

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 5 Adjustments

11.

To exit the program, press

IMPORTANT

The adjusted TPE value is stored in the EEPROM only when you turn off the printer. Turn the printer off and then on again after you perform the TPE level reset adjustment.

Esc

until you return to the DOS prompt.

5-10

MAINTENANCE

&+$37(5



EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 6 Maintenance

6.1 Preventive Maintenance

To keep the printer operating properly, regularly clean the exterior case using denatured alcohol and also vacuum the inside of the printer to remove any dust and paper debris.

After you clean the printer, check that it is adequately lubricated as described in the next section. Before returning the printer to the customer, inspect the springs and paper feed rollers, and check the basic operation of the printer.

WARNING

CAUTION

Disconnect the printer from the external AC power source before you perform any maintenance procedures.

Do not use thinner, trichloroethylene, or ketonebased solvents on the plastic components of the printer.

6.2 Lubrication

Table 6-1 provides information about the recommended lubricants. These lubricants are EPSON G-26 and O-2, which have been tested extensively and found to comply with the needs of the printer.

EPSON recommends the printer be lubricated at the points illustrated in Figures 6-1 and 6-2. Table 6-2 lists each lubrication point along with the lubricant and amount recommended for that point.

Before applying a lubricant, be sure the surface to be lubricated is clean. Do not apply too much lubricant, because this may damage nearby printer parts.

Table 6-1. Lubricants

Type Name Quantity Availability Part Number

Grease G-26 40 g EPSON B702600001

Oil O-2 40 cc EPSON B710200001

6-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 6 Maintenance

Table 6-2. Lubrication Points

Ref. No. Lubrication Points Quantity Lubricant

1 Cam surfaces of the 34.5 mm

spur gears

2 The platen gap adjustment

slots on the right frame

2 mm width, halfway 2 mm width, from the top slot to the 3

G-26

slot from the bottom

3 The end of the shaft of the

drive roller assembly and the cutout section on the left frame

About ½ the size of a grain of rice

G-26

4 Oil pads Half of the pads O-2 5 RD planetary shaft and

planetary lever leaf spring

About ½ the size of a grain

G-26

of rice

6 RD housing

• Side of shafts: 3 points

• Inside hole: 1 point

7 5 points on the RD assembly

gear teeth

About ½ the size of a grain of rice About ½ the size of a grain

G-26

of rice

8 The side of the RD ratchet

shaft

About the size of a grain of

G-26

rice

9 10 contact points between the

paper guide and the release shaft

About the size of a grain of rice

G-26

Note: Apply lubricants when you are reassembling the printer. For lubrication points, see the following figures.

6-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Chapter 6 Maintenance

34.5 mm spur gear platen gap adjustment lever

34.5 mm spur gear

platen gap adjustment slots

RD ratchet

Figure 6-1. Lubrication Points (1 of 2)

rear frame

Figure 6-2. Lubrication Points (2 of 2)

6-3

APPENDIX

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

Table A-1. Connector Summary

A.1 Connector Summary

Board Connector Function Pins

The figure below shows how the primary components of the printer are connected. Table A-1 summarizes the functions and sizes of the connectors.

printer mechanism

PF motor

CR motor

PG sensor

release lever position sensor

rear PE sensor

front PE sensor

HP sensor

PW sensor

print head

C166 PSB/PSE C244 PSH board assembly

Main Board Assembly

CN1 Parallel interface 36 CN2 Type B interface 36 CN3 Power supply board 10 CN4 HP sensor 3 CN5 Rear PE sensor 3 CN6 Front PE sensor 2 CN7 PW sensor 4 CN8 Print head 18

CN9 Print head 16 CN10 PF motor 4 CN11 CR motor 5 CN12 Release lever position sensor 4 CN13 PG sensor 4 CN14 CSF bin 1 10 CN15 PNL board 22

cover open sensor

CN2

PNL board assembly

CN1

CSF bin 1

CN14

CN8 CN9

CN7

CN4

C244 MAIN board assembly

CN6

CN5

CN13

Figure A-1. Cable Connections

Table A-2. Connector Pin Assignments − CN3

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1  GP  2



3 I +35V +35 VDC line 4 I +35V +35 VDC line 5  GND Signal ground

CN11 CN10CN15

CN3CN12

CN1

CN2 optional I/F

host computer

parallel I/F

6 7 I +5V +5 VDC line 8 I +5V +5 VDC line



GND Signal ground

9 I PWDN Power down detection signal

10 O PSC Power switch on/off signal

A-1

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

Table A-3. Connector Pin Assignments − CN4

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 I HP CR home position signal 2 3  +5V +5 VDC

Pin I/O Signal Name Function



Table A-4. Connector Pin Assignments − CN5

1  +5V +5 VDC 2 I PE Rear paper end signal 3  GND Signal ground

Table A-5. Connector Pin Assignments − CN6

1  PE Front paper end signal 2 I GND Signal ground

Table A-6. Connector Pin Assignments − CN7

GND Signal ground

Table A-7. Connector Pin Assignments − CN8

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1  NC Not connected 2 O HD1 Head data 1 3 O HD9 Head data 9 4 O HD13 Head data 13 5 O HD7 Head data 7 6 7  NC Not connected 8 O HD18 Head data 18

9  +35V +35 VDC line 10 O HD12 Head data 12 11  +35V +35 VDC line 12 13  NC Not connected 14 O HD6 Head data 6 15 O HD10 Head data 10 16 I HTMP Head temperature signal 17  +5V +5 VDC line 18



+35V +35 VDC line

NC Not connected

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 I E PW sensor signal



2 3  +5V +5 VDC line



GND Signal ground

A +5 VDC line

A-2

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

Table A-8. Connector Pin Assignments − CN9

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 O HD3 Head data 3 2 3 O HD15 Head data 15 4 5 O HD2 Head data 2 6 7 O HD5 Head data 5 8 O HD16 Head data 16

9 O HD11 Head data 11 10 11 O HD17 Head data 17 12 13  NC Not connected 14 O HD14 Head data 14 15 O HD4 Head data 4 16 O HD8 Head data 8

Table A-9. Connector Pin Assignments − CN10

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 O PF A PF motor phase A signal 2 O PF B PF motor phase B signal 3 O PF −A PF motor phase /A signal 4 O PF −B PF motor phase /B signal



NC Not connected

+35V +35 VDC line

Table A-10. Connector Pin Assignments − CN11

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 O CR A CR motor phase A signal 2 O CR −A CR motor phase /A signal 3 O CR B CR motor phase B signal 4 O CR −B CR motor phase /B signal 5  CR COM CR motor common

Table A-11. Connector Pin Assignments − CN12

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 I RELEASE1 Release sensor 1 signal 2 3 I RELEASE2 Release sensor 2 signal 4

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 I PG1 Platen gap sensor 1 signal 2 3 I PG2 Platen gap sensor 2 signal 4



Table A-12. Connector Pin Assignments − CN13



GND Signal ground

A-3

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

Table A-13. Connector Pin Assignments − CN14

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 O A CSF motor phase A signal 2 O B CSF motor phase B signal 3O −A CSF motor phase /A signal 4 O 5 O HOLD CSF motor hold signal 6 7  GND Signal ground 8 9  +35V +35 VDC line



−B

+5V +5 VDC line

GND Signal ground

+35V +35 VDC line

CSF motor phase /B signal

Table A-14. Connector Pin Assignments − CN15

Pin I/O Signal Name Function

1 I COPEN Cover open sensor signal 2 O PAUSE Pause LED signal 3  +5V +5 VDC line 4 O POUTL Paper out LED signal 5 O RESRVL Pitch select LED signal 6 I PAUSSW Pause button signal 7 O TBIN2L Tear off/bin select signal 8 O TBIN1L Tear off/bin select signal

9 O PITC1L Pitch select LED 10 O PITC2L Pitch select LED 11  FONT3L Not connected 12 O FONT2L FONT LED signal 13 O FONT1L FONT LED signal 14 15  GND Signal ground 16 I FONTSW Font button signal 17 I PITCSW Pitch button signal 18 I TBINSW Tear off/bin button signal 19 I PSC Operate button signal 20 I LDEJSW Load/Eject button signal 21 I LFFFSW LF/FF button signal 22



GND Signal ground

FG Frame ground

A-4

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

A.2 Circuit Board Component Layout

Diagrams

Figure A-2. C244 MAIN Board Component Layout Diagram (1 of 2)

Figure A-3. C244 MAIN Board Component Layout Diagram (2 of 2)

A-5

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

Figure A-4. C166 PSB Board Component Layout Diagram

Figure A-5. C166 PSE Board Component Layout Diagram

A-6

EPSON FX-2180 Service Manual Appendix

A.3 Circuit Board and Exploded Diagrams

This section provides the following diagrams:

 C244 MAIN circuit board diagram  C166 PSB circuit board diagram  C166 PSE circuit board diagram  C244 PSH circuit board diagram  FX-2180 exploded diagram (1 of 3)  FX-2180 exploded diagram (2 of 3)  FX-2180 exploded diagram (3 of 3)

A-7

D3SBA60

0.1u

4700pC44700p

2 3 4

ELF-18D450D

0.22u

1M/0.5W

3.15A/125V

CN1

B2P3-VH

D86

R82

L51

D55

ERB83-004

R90

1.2K

R86

270K

IC52B

NJM2903D

R53

R88

1 C54

1000u

R64

2.4K

R65 20K

ZD52

HZS22-1L

ZD87

HZS22-1L

HZS7B-2

ZD53

R87

3.6K

+5V/0.7A

8 7 6

5 4

+35V/1.0A

3 2

PSC

PWDN

CN2

RB93-F4-907

Fan

CN3 00 8263 0212 00 000

R51

ZD86

D82

Q51 A1680

R61

300

D83

1SS120

HCD-6471HS

DTA113ZSA

0.01u C82

Q81

R89

1.2K

DTC123ESA

Q55

5 6

R60

R59

4.75K 1%

R58 200K

DB1

10ohm/25C

TH1

820u/200V

C11

2200p

1500p/1.2kV

C15

R29

1.2M

0.5W

C14

2200p

R22

1.2M

0.5W

R20

2.4K

4.7K

R12

0.39/2W

R21

* Q1

K2126

F D2

ERA82-004

R19

20K

R18 150K/0.5W

R31

10K

K1725

Q31

R32

20K

C31

2200p

C4408

TL431CLP

C13 4700p

R15 120

R16 270

IC1

R14

R11

620

Q3 A1015

510

R13

4.7K

C12

220u

35V

DTC124GSA

D1 ERA83-006

Q32

PT-75

13 14

9 6

PC1

TLP521-2

D52

ERB43-02

D51

R57 270

R68 10K

R91

C55

0.1u

F5KQ100

C51

2200u/50V

R56 150

R69

1.5K

R54

R55

20K

C52

D81

1SS120

ZD54

HZS6A-2

ZD51

HZS6A-2

ZD81

HZS6A-2

ZD82

HZS6A-2

ZD83

HZS6A-2

ZD84

HZS6A-2

ZD85

HZS6A-2

C56

33u/16V

D84

D85

1SS120

C59 330p

IC51

TL494CN

C81 2200p

R66

200K

R67

470u/6.3V C57

C58

0.01u

Q53

A1015

R74

10K

R75

2.7K

Q54 C1815

Q82 DTA113ZSA

84.5K

1 3

O C

D T C

R81

V C C

C T

4.7K

ZD55

HZS6A-1L

R63

3.6K

R70 10K

R71

1.5K

R72

6.2K

R73

1.2K

R85

20K

470/2W

HZS7B-2

1SS120

R83

51K

R84

20K

* : Heat sink (Q1,D51) : CN3 is not mounted.

Model : FX-2180 Board : C166PSB BOARD Sheet : 1 of 1 Rev. : B

D2SBA60

0.1u

2200pC42200p

2 3 4

SS 24H -08150

0.47u

1 M /0 .5 W

T2.0A H /250V

CN1

B2P3-VH

DB1

10ohm /25C

TH1

180u/400V

TH2

C11

2200p

D86

R82

L51

D55

ER B 83-004

R90

1.2K

R86

270K

IC 52B

N JM 2903D

R64

2.4K

R65

20K

R53

R88

C54 1000u

ZD52

ZD87

H ZS22-1L

HZS7B-2

ZD53

R87

3.6K

+5V/0.7A

8 7 6

5 4

+ 3 5 V /1 .0 A

3 2 1

PSC

PW D N

CN2

R B93-F4-907

1 2

Fan

CN3 00 8263 0212 00 000

R51

D82

Q51 A1680

R61

300

D83

1SS120

H CD -6471H S

D TA113Z SA

0.01u C82

Q81

R89

1.2K

DTC123ESA

Q55

R60

R59

4.75K 1%

R58

200K

PT-76

D52

ER B 43-02

C55

D51

270

R68 10K

R57

0.1u

F5KQ 100

C51

PC1

ER A 83-006

Q32

13 14

9 6

PS 2561L1-2-V

R33

R34

750p/1.5kV

C15

R29

1.1M

0.5W

R22

1.1M

0.5W

R20

2.4K

0.62/2W

C14

2200p

4.7K

R12

R21

ZD31

* Q1

K2130

ER A 82-004

R19

20K

R28 150K/0.5W

R18 150K/0.5W

R31

10K

K1725

Q31

R32

20K

C31

2200p

C 4408

C13 4700p

R15

120

R16 270

R14

IC 1

TL431C LP

R11

Q3 A1015

R13

4.7K

510

C12

220u

35V

D TC 124G SA

R91

2200u/50V

R56

150

R69

1.5K

R54

R55

20K

C52

D81

1SS120

ZD54

HZS6A-2

ZD51

HZS6A-2

ZD81

HZS6A-2

ZD82

HZS6A-2

ZD83

HZS6A-2

ZD84

HZS6A-2

ZD85

HZS6A-2

C56

33u/16V

D84

D85

1SS120

C59

330p

IC 5 1 TL494

C81 2200p

R66

200K

R67

470u/6.3V C57

C58

0.01u

Q53

A1015

R74

10K

R75

2.7K

Q54 C 1815

Q82 D TA113Z SA

R81

84.5K 1%

V C C

C T

4.7K

ZD55 HZS6A-1L

R63

3.6K

R70 10K

R71

1.5K

R72

6.2K

R73

1.2K

R85

20K

470/2W

ZD86

HZS7B-2

1SS120

R83

51K

R84

20K

* : H eat sink (Q 1, D 51) : C N 3,ZD 31,R 33 and R34 are not m ounted.

M odel : FX -2180 Board : C166PSE BOARD S h e e t : 1 o f 1 R e v . : B

Epson TM-FX2180 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT

PRECAUTIONS

PREFACE

Table of Contents

1.1 Specifications

1.1.1 Printing Specifications

1.1.2 Print Speed and Printable Columns

1.1.3 Resolution

1.1.4 Printable Area

1.1.5 Paper Feed Specifications

1.1.6 Paper Specifications

1.1.7 Interface Specifications

1.1.8 Software Specifications

1.1.9 Environmental Conditions

1.1.10 Electrical Specifications

1.1.11 Physical Specifications

1.1.12 Reliability

1.1.13 Safety Approvals

1.1.16 Ribbon Cartridge

1.2 Operation

1.2.1 Control Panel

1.1.14 CE Marking

1.1.15 Acoustic Noise

1.2.1.1 Buttons

1.2.1.2 LEDs

1.2.1.3 Beeper

1.2.2 Paper Release Lever Positions

1.2.3 Paper Thickness Lever Positions

1.3 Special Functions

1.3.1 Printing a Self Test

1.3.2 Turning on the Double-strike Mode

1.3.3 Using the Bidirectional Adjustment Mode

1.3.4 Changing Default Settings

1.3.6 Clearing the EEPROM

1.3.6.1 Clearing the Ribbon Cartridge Replacement Counter

1.4 Consumables and Options

1.4.1 Consumables

1.4.2 Options

2.1 Overview

2.1.1 Printer Mechanism

2.1.2 Power Supply Circuit

2.1.2.1 Power Supply Circuit Operation

2.1.3 Control Circuit

2.1.3.1 Control Circuit Operation

3.1 Overview

3.2 Troubleshooting Information

3.2.1 Print Head

3.2.2 Sensors

3.2.3 Motors

3.2.4 Error Conditions

3.3 Unit Level Troubleshooting

3.4 Repairing the Power Supply Board

3.5 Repairing the Main Board Assembly

3.6 Repairing the Printer Mechanism

4.1 Overview

4.1.1 Precautions

4.1.2 Tools

4.1.3 Specifications for Screws

4.1.4 Service Check After Repair

4.2 Disassembl y and Assembly

4.2.1 Preparing to Disassemble the Printer

4.2.2 Removing the Panel Board Assembly

4.2.3 Removing the Print Head

4.2.4 Removing the HP Sensor

4.2.5 Removing the PW Sensor Assembly

4.2.6 Removing the Ribbon Mask

4.2.7 Removing the Upper Housing Assembly

4.2.8 Removing the Platen Assembly

4.2.9 Removing the Platen Gear

4.2.10 Removing the Case Open Sensor Assembly

4.2.11 Removing the Printer Mechanism

4.2.11.1 Removing the CR Motor Assembly

4.2.11.2 Removing the PF Motor Assembly

4.2.11.3 Removing the PG Sensor Assembly

4.2.11.4 Removing the Right Sub Frame Assembly

4.2.11.5 Removing the Right Frame Assembly