Apex 386-33
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KEEN-3304
33MHz 386™ SYSTEM
ser’s
U
Manual
KEEN-3304
Personal Computer
User’s Manual
Edition 1.0
The following does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent
with local law:
We make no warranties with respect to this documentation either express or implied
and provide it ‘as is”. This includes but is not limited to any implied warranties, of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The information in this document
is subject to change without notice. We assume no responsibility for any errors that
may appear in this document.
IBM PC, IBM PC/XT and IBM PC/AT are registered trademarks of International
Business Machines Corporation. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation.
All other brand names are registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Documentation design and writing by: Amy Hsieh, Patty Lee and Alan Patterson.
Intel is a registered trademark of the Intel Corporation.
ii
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate
radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a par-
ticular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the inter-
ference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from
that to which the receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for
help.
Any special accessories needed for compliance must be specified in the
instruction manual.
Warning:
emission limits and also to prevent interference to nearby radio and
television reception. It is essential that only the attached power cord be
used.
Use only shielded cables to connect I/O devices to this computer.
You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by
the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate
the equipment.
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise
emissions from digital apparautus as set out in the radio interference
regulations of the Canadian Department of Communication.
Le Present appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques
dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de Class B
preescrites dans le règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté parle
Ministére des Communications du Canada.
A shielded-type power cord is required in order to meet FCC
Warning
Reconfiguring
To keep the computer from being damaged, NEVER reconfigure the board while the power is ON.
If you wish to reconfigure the computer at any time, ensure that
the power is turned OFF before changing any hardware settings, such as DIP switches or jumpers.
iii
Contents
Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
1-1 Introduction
Operating System
1-2 Quick Start
1-3 Features
1-4 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1-5 Example of a System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1-6 System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1-7 Control Panel
Reset Button
Turbo Button
Indicator Lights
Keylock
System Power Switch
1-8 Rear Panel
Keyboard Connector
Power Cord Connector
Display Port
Power Voltage Setting
1-9 Other Peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
1-10 Disk Drives
Floppy Disk Drive
Copy-Protection
Hard Disks
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1-11 Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1-12 Maintaining Your Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
iv
Chapter 2
SETTING UP YOUR SYSTEM
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2-1 PEM-3301 Motherboard
Restrictions
Onboard System Memory Size
Switch Settings
Video Selection
Jumper Options and Connectors of PEM-3301 Mainboard. . . . . . 8
Quick Reference of Jumper Settings for PEM-3301 Mainboard
Jumpers for Cache and Main Memory Configuration
Installing Processor of PEM-3301 Mainboard
Installing Numeric Coprocessor
Shadow RAM
ROM Installation
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2-2 PEM-3300 Motherboard
Restrictions
Onboard System Memory Size
Switch Settings
Video Selection
Jumper Options and Connectors of PEM3300 Mainboard
Quick Reference of Jumper Settings for PEM-3300 Mainboard
Jumpers for Cache and Main Memory Configuration
Installing Processor of PEM-3300 Mainboard
Installing Numeric Coprocessor
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2-3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
2-4 Connection to Power Supply
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Chapter 3
Operating Your System
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3-1 An Introduction to DOS
Loading DOS
System Messages
3-2 Setup Utility
System Setup Program
Calculator
3-3 DOS Operations
Starting MS-DOS
Formatting Disks
Backing up Your Diskettes and Files
Deleting Your Diskettes and Files
Finding Out What is on Your Disk
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3-4 Hard Disk Drive Format
Preformat
Partition
Format
3-5 Helpful Hints
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Chapter 4
KEYBOARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
4-1 Keyboard Layout
4-2 Getting Acquainted with Your Keyboard
Function Keys
Numeric Keypad
Mode Indicator Lights
Special Keys
QWERTY keys
Cursor Keys
Key Combinations
4-3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment
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vi
Chapter 5
TROUBLESHOOTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
5-1 Command Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5-2 Electrical Problems
System Error Messages
Examples of System Error Messages
5-3 System BIOS Error Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
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Chapter 6
APPENDIX
6-1 Disk Drives
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Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
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6
1
6-2 Memory Expansion with a PEI-306 RAM Card
Card Layout
Card Setup
Total System Memory Size
Installing Your PEI-306 RAM Card
6-3 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals
Short Move
Long Move
6-4 Technical Information
The Intel 80386 Microprocessor
Cache Algorithm
Bus Width
Memory Subsystem
System Memory Map
System Timers
System Interrupts
Interrupts Controllers
DMA Channel
l/O Channel Slots
I/O Channel Signal Description
l/O Address Map
Keyboard Controller
32-Bit Memory Expansion Bus
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Chapter 7
GLOSSARY
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vii
Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Quick Start
Figure 1-2: System Configuration
Figure 1-3: System Unit Case
Figure 1-4: Front Panel
Figure 1-5: Keylock and Two Security-Lock Keys
Figure 1-6: Rear Panel
Figure 1-7: Connecting the Keyboard Cable
Figure 1-8: System Power Cord
Figure 1-9: Two Kinds of Display Connectors
Figure 1-10: Voltage Switch
Figure 1-11: System Unit Connected to Peripherals
Figure 1-12: Installing Floppy and Hard Disk Drives
Figure 1-13: Copy Protection for 3.5” Floppy Disk
Figure 1-14: Copy Protection for 5.25” Floppy Disk
Figure 1-15: Keyboard
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Chapter 2
SETTING UP YOUR SYSTEM
Figure 2-1: PEM-3301 Motherboard Layout
Figure 2-2: DIP-Type Cache RAM
Figure 2-3: SIMM-Type DRAM
Figure 2-4: Six-Switch DIP SW1
Figure 2-5: Location of Jumpers and Connectors
Figure 2-6: Example of Three-Pin Jumper Setting
Figure 2-7: Cache Configurations
Figure 2-8: 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-9: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-10: 4MB Total Onboard System Memory
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viii
Figure 2-11: 5MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-12: 8MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-13: Location of Processor
Figure 2-14: Location of Coprocessor
Figure 2-15: System and Video BIOS
Figure 2-16: ROM Installation
Figure 2-17: PEM-3300 Motherboard Layout
Figure 2-18: DIP-Type Cache RAM
Figure 2-19: SIP-Type DRAM
Figure 2-20: The Six-Switch DIP SW1
Figure 2-21: Location of Jumpers and Connectors of PEM-3300
Figure 2-22: An Example of Three-Pin Jumper Setting
Figure 2-23: Cache Configurations
Figure 2-24: 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-25: 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-26: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-27: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-28: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-29: 4MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-30: 4MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-31: 5MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-32: 8MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-33: Location of Processor
Figure 2-34: Location of Coprocessor
Figure 2-35: Unpacking Your Main System
Figure 2-36: Connecting to a Power Supply
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Chapter 3
Operating Your System
Figure 3-1 : Initial Screen
Figure 3-2: Setup Program Screen
Figure 3-3: Before Restarting
Figure 3-4: Calculator
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ix
Chapter 4
KEYBOARD
Figure 4-1: Keyboard Layout
Figure 4-2: Function Keys
Figure 4-3: Numeric Keypad
Figure 4-4: Indicator Lights
Figure 4-5: Special Keys
Figure 4-6: QWERTY Keys
Figure 4-7: Cursor Keys
Figure 4-8: Adjustment of Keyboard Angles
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Chapter 6
APPENDIX
Figure 6-1: Fastening Brackets on a Floppy Disk Drive
Figure 6-2: Installing a Floppy Disk Drive
Figure 6-3: Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive
Figure 6-4: Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive to an FDC Card
Figure 6-5: Cables for Disk Drives
Figure 6-6: Fastening Brackets on a Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-7: Installing a Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-8: Connecting a Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-9: Connecting a Hard Disk to an HDC Card
Figure 6-10: PEI-306 RAM Card Layout
Figure 6-11: SIMM-Type RAM Module
Figure 6-12: 32-Bit Expansion Slot for PEI-306 RAM Card
Figure 6-13: Installing a PEI-306 RAM Card
Figure 6-14: Direct-Mapped Cache Organization
Figure 6-15: Cache Architecture
Figure 6-16: System Memory Map
Figure 6-17: 62-Pin Expansion Bus I/O Channels
Figure 6-18: 36-Pin Expansion Bus I/O Channels
Figure 6-19: Pin Assignments of the 32-bit Memory Expansion Bus. . . .
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Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
List of Tables
Table 1-1 : Power Cord Specifications
Table 1-2: Floppy Disk Specifications
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18
Chapter 2
SETTING UP YOUR SYSTEM
Table 2-1: Total 32-Bit Memory
Table 2-2: Onboard 32-Bit Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table 2-3: SW1-6 Switch Setting
Table 2-4: Cache Memory Configuration
Table 2-5: DRAM Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 2-6: Shadow RAM Control Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Table 2-7: ROM BIOS Jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 2-8: Total 32-Bit Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 2-9: Onboard 32-Bit Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 2-10: SW1-6 Switch Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Table 2-11: Cache Memory Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Table 2-12: DRAM Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Table 2-13: Power Supply Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
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5
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Chapter 4
KEYBOARD
Table
4-1:
Functions of Numeric Keypad Keys
Table 4-2: Functions of Special Keys
Table 4-3: Functions of Special QWERTY Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 4-4: Special Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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xi
Chapter 6
APPENDIX
Table 6-1: Jumpers W1-W3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 6-2: DRAM Chip Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Table 6-3: PEM-3301 Total System Memory Configurations - A . . . . 14
Table 6-4: PEM-3301 Total System Memory Configurations - B . . . . 15
Table 6-5: PEM-3300 Total System Memory Configurations - A . . . . 16
Table 6-6: PEM-3300 Total System Memory Configurations - B . . . . 17
Table 6-7: PEM-3300 Total System Memory Configurations - C . . . . 18
Table 6-8: PEM-3300 Total System Memory Configurations - D . . . . 19
Table 6-9: Interrupt Controllers
Table 6-10: DMA Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Table 6-11: I/O Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
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xii
What’s Inside
Here’s what you’ll find in this manual:
About This Manual
Chapter 1 —
concepts of your system.
Chapter 2 —
upgrade your system.
Chapter 3 —
BIOS program and the MS-DOS functions.
Chapter
and basic functions.
Chapter 5 —
cedures and provides directions for additional help.
Chapter 6 —
your system.
Chapter
“System Overview”, gets you acquainted with the basic
“Setting Up
“Operating
4 — “Keyboard”, explains the keyboard’s features, layout
“Troubleshooting”
“Appendix”,
7 — “Glossary”, explains some microcomputer terms.
Your System”, shows you how to install or
Your System”, shows you the basics of
covers simple troubleshooting pro-
provides some technical specifications for
xiii
How to Use this Manual
For the advanced user
If you are an experienced PC user and do not want to upgrade your
system now and you want to start using your personal computer as
quickly as possible, refer to the Quick Start section at the beginning
of chapter one.
Quick Start will provide you all the information you need to set up the
hardware.
For the beginner
Chapter 1 gives you the basic information you need to use this
system. Chapter 2 provides greater detail on the hardware and on
how to upgrade your system. Your system is quite simple to set up.
However if you are unsure of yourself, find an experienced PC hand
to help out.
xiv
System Overview
This chapter covers:
the basics of your system
■
the system’s features and specifications
■
■
control panel features and connectors outside of the
case
how to maintain your computer
■
If you are an experienced user who wants to get to work as soon as
possible, the Quick Start section at the beginning of this chapter
provides you all the information you need to set up the hardware.
If you want to upgrade your hardware later, read Chapter
LATION.
If you want to gain a more thorough understanding of your computer,
read the entire manual.
Note: You may refer to the “Glossary” section for definitions of computer terminology.
2, INSTAL-
Chapter 1: System Overview
1
1-1 Introduction
This manual will guide you through the setup of your computer and
provide the information necessary to tailor the system to fit your needs.
If you are a novice, you will be able to have your computer up and
running with a minimum of fuss. You will also gain valuable hands-on
experience by following the easy step-by-step instructions. If you are
an advanced user, you will appreciate the affordable power of this
system.
Your system uses an Intel Corporation™ 386 microprocessor. While
maintaining complete compatiblity with software written for IBM PC/AT
80286-type computers, your computer vastly exceeds them in
capability and processing power. The PEI-306 RAM Card maintains
the highest performance and flexibility for the whole system. Also, a
wide variety of expansion cards are available for your choice of
peripherals.
Quality, flexibility, and functionality are the key design features of your
system. This system provides optimum performance at an affordable
price.
Operating System
Your computer uses the MS-DOS® operating system. For more details
on this operating system, please refer to the Microsoft®
User’s Guide and User’s
system.
Reference.
MS-DOS
This manual is included with your
2
Chapter 1: System Overview
1-2 Quick Start
If you are an experienced user anxious to start using your computer,
observe the figure below to set up your personal computer. You will still
want to use this manual later as a reference book.
Note:
Save all packing materials in case you need to ship or resell your
computer in the future.
Figure 7-7: Quick Start
Chapter 7: System Overview
3
1-3 Features
A brief description of your system is given below:
Compatibility with PC/AT
Intel® 80386 - 33 microprocessor
®
Optional 80387 - 33 or Weitek
WTL3167 - 33 coprocessors
Dual speed, 33MHz cache support in ultra-high speed and
emulation without cache in low speed, both switchable by
either software or hardware switches
Discrete components to complete cache functions
l/2/4/5/8 MB 32-Bit DRAM onboard
64/256 KB direct-mapped high-speed SRAM cache memory
Write-Back cache update for 0-watt state memory-write
operations
DTK, Phoenix, Award, or AMI BIOS support
Shadow RAM function for BIOS and video (for PEM-3301
motherboard)
One 32bit memory expansion slot for a PEI-306 32-bit
memory expansion card to provide up to 16MB of 32-bit
memory
Six 16-bit AT compatible I/O slots
One 8-bit AT compatible I/O slots
Standard 8MHz AT bus speed
DALLAS DS1287 chip to maintain system configuration and
real time clock setting
Keyboard and speaker attachments
Seven DMA channels
16 level interrupt
Three programmable timers
4 Chapter 7: System Overview
1-4 Specifications
CPU
RAM
ROM
Expansion slots —
— Intel 386™ microprocessor, 33MHz
— Maximum - 16MB with PEI-306 RAM Card
Cycle Time - 80ns
Data Bus Bandwidth - 32 bits
— 32KB legal BIOS
one 32-bit, six 16-bit, one 8-bit
Disk Drive(s) —
— Hard disk drive: 3.5” halt high and 5.25” bay
Power Size —
Options —
165mm X 150mm X 150mm
Math coporocessor - Intel® 387-33
Floppy disk drive: 3.5” and 5.25” bay
®
- Weitek
3167-33
Chapter 1: System Overview
5
1-5 Example of a System Configuration
The basic system is pictured below. You may choose peripherals and
upgrades for the system as your needs require. Even if your system is
different from the one pictured, it should operate in the same basic
manner.
Figure 1-2: System Configuration
6
Chapter 7: System Overview
1-6 System Unit
The system unit may house a motherboard, disk drives, a power supply
and optional expansion cards.
Figure 1-3: System Unit Case
Chapter 1: System Overview
7
1-7 Control Panel
The control panel provides several useful functions which are explained below. You are likely to use the front panel frequently, so let’s
start there.
F
igure 1-4: Front Panel
Reset Button
The reset button allows you to restart the system without turning the
power off.
you encounter any problems while using unfamiliar software, you can
always restart quickly from the RAM test stage by pressing the reset
button. Note, however, that any data which have not been saved to disk
will be lost.
T
urbo Button
The Turbo button allows you to change the running speed of the
microprocessor to accommodate software requirements. Some
software applications must be run at a slow clock speed.
Indicator Lights
These lights indicate the operation status of your computer. The red
LED comes on when the hard disk is being accessed. The
is lit when the power is on. The yellow LED comes on when Turbo clock
peed is activated.
8
Chapter 7: System Overview
green
LED
Keylock
Chapter 1: System Overview
The keylock enables or disables the keyboard. In the unlock mode the
keyboard is activated. In the lock mode the keyboard is disabled to
deny unauthorized users access to the computer.
Figure 1-5: Keylock and Two Security-Lock Keys
System Power Switch
The system power switch is located on the control panel.
You should always be certain that the power is turned off before
modifying the hardware configuration in any way.
9
1-8 Rear Panel
1:
The rear panel has all the connections that lead from the system unit
to external peripherals and the power source. Turn off all power
switches before connecting or disconnecting cables/wires! En-
sure that cables/wires are attached to the external device first and
connected to the outlet unit later. Turn the system unit power switch off
before you plug the power cable into an electrical outlet.
10
Chapter
Figure 1-6: Rear Panel
System Overview
Keyboard Connector
The keyboard supplied with your system can be plugged into sockets
in front of the case. Plug the keyboard cable into the socket shown
below.
Figure 1-7: Connecting the Keyboard Cable
Chapter 7: System Overview
11
Power Cord Connector
The power supply has two receptacles: one supplies power to a
monitor; the other connects to the main power source.
Figure 1-8: System Power Cord
12
Chapter 1: System Overview
Display Port
You will also need to connect your monitor to the system unit at a
female display port in one of the expansion slots as shown on the
previous page.
To attach the monitor cable to the video port, plug the cable into the
port and screw the cable connector down securely.
Your computer gives you a wide range of video options to meet your
needs.
You have a wide choice of the following video standards.
- MGA (Monochrome Graphics Adapter) also referred to as
Hercules
- CGA (Color Graphics Adapter)
- EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adapter)
- VGA (Video Graphics Adapter)
Your monitor power plug may not fit the system unit’s monitor power
outlet. If not, connect the monitor cable to a wall electrical outlet.
Refer to the figures below for mono and color display connections.
Figure 1-9: Two Kind of Display Connectors
Chapter 1: System Overview
13
Power Voltage Setting
The system unit can run on either 115V or 230V as indicated in Figure
1-10. The voltage setting switch is located above the monitor power
outlet. Refer to the Table 1-1 for power cord specifications.
Figure 1-10: Voltage Switch
14
Chapter 1: System Overview
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