•Data hold, MAX/MIN hold, Relative
data when this function is pressed
•Low battery detect (3V & 9V)
•On chip buzzer driver
•3V DC power supply
•Internal AC to DC conversion OP AMP
If non_AC mode , OP will become unit
gain buffer.
•Serial Data Output (RS232 format)
•LCD segment check
•100 Pin flat-package
Description:
The ES51988 is an integrated analogto-digital converter (ADC)with 3 3/4 digits
and 42-segment bargraph LCD display,
automatic range, and 3V battery power
supply.
Automatic range selection is provided
for voltage (AC/DC) measurement, ohm
measurement, current(uA and mA)
measurement,and frequency counter. The
ES51988 also provides serial data output
function.
Expensive and bulky mechanical range
switches are not required. The other
functions are provided for MAX and MIN
holding and current value display, data
holding, Relative data and reference value
display, low battery detection, auto-poweroff, diode measurement, continuity
checking.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
CharacteristicsRatings
Supply Voltage (V- to AGND)-4V
Analog Input VoltageV+ to VDigital InputV- to DGND
Power Dissipation Flat Package500mW
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
0℃ to 70℃
-25℃ to 125℃
1 91年11月28日
Page 2
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Electrical Characteristics
TA=25℃,V- = -3V
SymbolParameterTest ConditionMin. Typ. Max. Count
V-Power Supply-3.5-3.0-2.2Volt
Idd
Iss
REV
REB
NLV
NLB
VREF
Operating Supply CurrentNormal Power On
Auto-power-off
Rollover Error
(Voltage)
Rollover Error
(Bargraph)
Nonlinearity
(Voltage)
Nonlinearity
(Bargraph)
Input Leakage-110pA
Low Battery Flag VoltageV- to AGND-2.5-2.3-2.1V
Zero Input Reading
Reference Voltage and 400Ω
measurement
Peak to Peak Backplane Drive
Voltage
Counter Time Base Periodfosc=4MHz-1-Sec
Open Circuit Voltage for Ω
Measurement(except 400Ω)
Pull High to 0V ResistanceFC1,FC2,FC3,FC4
Pull High to 0V ResistanceKEY, SET-250AC Frequency Response
(4V range)
10M input
Resistor
Best Case
Straight Line
10MΩInput Resistor
100KΩ Between
VRH and AGND
-3.2≦V-≦-2.2
Ω and Continuity
Function
FC5,RANGE,HOLD,
MAX/MIN,REL
± 0.5﹪Error
± 2.5﹪Error
-
1.0
-
0.1
-
-
-
-
-000000 +000 Count
-1.3-1.2-1.1V
2.853.03.15V
-0.5 -0.45 -0.4V
-2.5-
--40 to
500
40 to
2000
-
-
-
-
1.55mA
± 0.1
± 0.5
± 0.1
± 0.5
﹪F.S.
﹪F.S.
﹪F.S.
﹪F.S.
-
-
uA
MΩ
KΩ
HZ
TCRFReference Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
2 91年11月28日
100KΩBetween VRH
and AGND
0℃<TA<70℃
-50-
ppm/℃
Page 3
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Pin Description
Pin No. Symbol Description
1V+Positive supply voltage,output of on-chip DC-DC converter.
2V+Positive supply voltage,output of on-chip DC-DC converter.
3CH+High speed positive connection for reference capacitor.
4CH-High speed negative connection for reference capacitor.
5CIHHigh speed integrator output. Connected to integration capacitor.
6BUFHIntegration resistor connection for high speed buffer output.
7CAZHHigh speed auto-zero capacitor connection
8CL+High resolution positive connection for reference capacitor.
9CL-High resolution negative connection for reference capacitor.
10CILHigh resolution integrator output. Connected to integration capacitor.
11CAZLHigh resolution auto-zero capacitor connection.
12BUFLIntegration resistor connection for high resolution buffer output.
13IVSHHigh level current measurement input.
14IVSLLow level current measurement input
15OVXInput high voltage for resistance measurement.
16OVHOutput connection for resistance measurement.
17OVSGSense low voltage for resistance measurement.
18OR1
19VR5
20VR4
21VR3
22VR2
23TEST5Test pin 5.
24ACVLNegative output of AC to DC converter.
25ACVHPositive output of AC to DC converter.
26ADINegative input of internal AC to DC OP AMP.
27ADOOutput of internal AC to DC OP AMP.
28NC
29NC
30NC
31SGNDSignal ground.
32VR1Unknown voltage input .
33NC
34VRReference input voltage connection. Typically -100 mV.
35VRHOutput of band-gap voltage reference. Typically -1.2 V.
36ACVROptional pin. When connected to -3V,ACV without 400mV range.
37NC
Reference resistor connection for 399.9Ωrange.
Voltage measurement ÷ 10000 attenuator (3999V).
Voltage measurement ÷ 1000 attenuator (399.9V).
Voltage measurement ÷ 100 attenuator (39.99V).
Voltage measurement ÷ 10 attenuator (3.999V).
3 91年11月28日
Page 4
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Pin. No Symbol.Description
38SLEEPWhen auto-power-off happen, this pin output will change from +3V
to –3V. When re-power on happens, this pin output will change back to
+3V.
39TEST1Test pin 1.
40NC
41FREQFrequency counter input, offset to 1/2(V-).
42SETInput to set serial data output. Pulse low to make this function active.
43F100100 HZ square wave output.
44SEG24LCD Segment line 24.
45SEG23LCD Segment line 23.
46SEG22LCD Segment line 22.
47SEG21LCD Segment line 21
48SEG20LCD Segment line 20.
49SEG19LCD Segment line 19.
50SEG18LCD Segment line 18.
51SEG17LCD Segment line 17.
52SEG16LCD Segment line 16.
53SEG15LCD Segment line 15.
54SEG14LCD Segment line 14.
55SEG13LCD Segment line 13.
56SEG12LCD Segment line 12.
57SEG11LCD Segment line 11.
58SEG10LCD Segment line 10.
59SEG9LCD Segment line 9.
60SEG8LCD Segment line 8.
61SEG7LCD Segment line 7.
62SEG6LCD Segment line 6.
63SEG5LCD Segment line 5.
64SEG4LCD Segment line 4.
65SEG3LCD Segment line 3.
66SEG2LCD Segment line 2.
67SEG1LCD Segment line 1.
68ANNUNC Square-wave output at the backplane frequency, synchronized to BP1.
ANNUNC can be used to control display annunciator. Connecting an
LCD segment to ANNUNC and turns it on; connecting an LCD
segment to its backplane and turns it off.
69BP4LCD Backplane 4.
70BP3LCD Backplane 3.
71BP2LCD Backplane 2.
72BP1LCD Backplane 1.
4 91年11月28日
Page 5
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Pin. No Symbol.Description.
73NC
74BUZOUTBuzzer output. Audio frequency (2.0KHz) output which drives a
piezoelectric buzzer.
75NC
76NC
77NC
78NC
79OSC1Crystal oscillator (input) connection.
80OSC2Crystal oscillator (output) connection.
81NC
82KEYMode change pin.
83RELInput to get relative display. Pulse low to make this function active.
84MAX/MIN Input to set MAX/MIN display. Pulse low to make this function active.
85HOLDInput to hold display. Pulse low to make this function active.
86RANGEInput to set automatic/manual mode and manual range selection. Pulse
low to make this function active.
87FC5Switch 5 for function selection.
88FC4Switch 4 for function selection.
89FC3Switch 3 for function selection.
90FC2Switch 2 for function selection.
91FC1Switch 1 for function selection.
92LBAT9Low battery voltage setting. If used 3V battery, connected this pin to
AGND, the default low battery voltage will be –2.3V. If used 9V
battery, when the input voltage is small than VRH(-1.2V), the low
battery annunciator will be display.
93SDOSerial data output.
94C+Positive capacitor connection for on-chip DC-DC converter.
95C-Negative capacitor connection for on-chip DC-DC converter.
96V-Negative supply voltage.Connecting to battery negative terminal.
97V-Negative supply voltage.Connecting to battery negative terminal.
98DGNDDigital ground,connected to battery positive terminal.
99AGNDAnalog ground.
100AGNDAnalog ground.
5 91年11月28日
Page 6
Pin Configuration
A
D
A
G
G
G
N
N
N
D
D
D
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
M
L
B
A
S
F
F
T
D
C
V
V
-
C
C
-
O
+
-
C
9
1
2
F
F
F
C
C
C
3
4
5
A
R
X
A
H
/
N
O
G
L
E
D
K
M
R
E
I
E
N
Y
N
L
C
CH+
CHCIH
BUFH
CAZH
CL+
CL-
CIL
CZAL
BUFL
IVSH
IVSL
OVX
OVH
OVSG
OR1
VR5
VR4
VR3
VR2
TEST5
ACVL
ACVH
ADI
ADO
NC
V+
V+
NC
NC
5
10
15
20
25
30
100
35
95
90
4045
85
50
55
75
60
80
65
70
OSC2
OSC1
NC
NC
NC
NC
BUZOUT
NC
BP1
BP2
BP3
BP4
ANNUNC
SEG1
SEG2
SEG3
SEG4
SEG5
SEG6
SEG7
SEG8
SEG9
SEG10
SEG11
SEG12
SEG13
SEG14
SEG15
SEG16
SEG17
S
N
V
G
C
R
N
1
D
VRV
A
C
R
V
H
R
S
N
C
L
E
E
P
F
T
N
R
E
C
E
S
Q
T
1
S
S
F
E
1
E
G
0
T
2
0
4
S
S
S
E
E
E
G
G
G
2
2
2
1
2
3
S
S
S
E
E
E
G
G
G
1
1
2
8
9
0
6 91年11月28日
Page 7
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Operation Mode
(1) Measurement Description
Voltage Measurement
Resistive divider is automatically changed to provide in range reading
for 399.9mV to 3999V full scale reading. The following table shows
the various full scale range.
RangeFull scaleResistive Ratio
VR1
VR2
VR3
VR4
VR5
The continuity check is the same as the 399.9Ω range of the resistance
measurement mode (manual mode). If the bargraph number <=3 ,there will
2.0 KHz signal comes out from BUZOUT pin, if the bargraph number >=4,
there will be no beep exist.
Diode Measurement
Use the DCV 3.999V range of voltage measurement mode (manual mode ).
If the test circuit is open or the device (diode) under test is larger than 2V,
the LCD display will show "OL", but the bargraph will show the real
detected voltage.
Frequency Counter
The timebase of ES51988 is derived by a clock oscillator.
The timebase of counter is :
T
counter
4,000,000
=
F
osc
Thus , the counter will operate with a 1 second timebase when a
4MHz oscillator is used. For accurate frequency measurement,a
crystal oscillator is recommended. The frequency counter can
automatically or manually select the proper range. Autorange
operation extends over five decades from 1 Hz to 39.99MHz.
Range Full Scale
FR1
FR2
FR3
FR4
FR5
3.999 KHZ
39.99 KHZ
399.9 KHZ
3.999 MHZ
39.99 MHZ
8 91年11月28日
Page 9
10A
10A
AGND
uA
mA
450
45
4.5
0.495
0.005
R
uA
uA
mA
mA
10A
1.5K
PTC
100K
100K
100K
100
IVSL
IVSH
AGND
OVX
OVH
OVSG
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
14
13
100
15
16
17
V.A.R
D1D2
2.2u
15K
10K
5K
15K
2.2u
Z1
6V
Z2
0.22u
0.1u
R6
100
R5
R4
10K
R3
101K
R2
1.11M
10M
R1
66M
Analog Switch Selection
1K
OR1
VR5
VR4
VR3
VR2
VR1
SGND
ADO
ADI
ACVH
ACVL
TEST5
Note : Light shielding for Z1, Z2, D1, D2.
18
19
20
21
22
32
31
27
26
25
24
23
ES51988
INH
INL
OVSG
9 91年11月28日
Page 10
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
(2) Switch Description
Rotary mode : FC1,FC2,FC3,FC4,FC5
Measurement mode are depend on the logic levels of FC1,
FC2, FC3,FC4 FC5 and KEY :
When FC5=1
FC1 FC2 FC3 FC4 ModePush mode(KEY)
1100DC VDC V — AC V
1110DC uADC uA — AC uA
1101DC mADC mA — AC mA
1111DC ADC A — AC A
0111
0110Continuity Continuity — Diode
1011
1010Frequency
When FC5=0, KEY is disabled.
ΩΩ— Continuity
ΩΩ— Continuity — Diode
ES51988
FC1 FC2 FC3 FC4 Mode
1100ACV
1110AC uA
1101AC mA
1111ACA
0111
0110Continuity
1011Diode
1010Frequency
Ω
10 91年11月28日
Page 11
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Push mode
RANGE
The mode selection of Auto-mode and Manual-mode is determined
by RANGE pin. The following is the operating flow chart of Auto-mode
and Manual-mode.
1 push < 1 sec
Automatic
Mode
Manual
Mode
ES51988
1 push > 1 sec
* If HOLD, MAX/MIN, REL function is enabled,when RANGE
function is pressed,the enabled function will be clear.
* The bargraph is not affected by HOLD, MAX/MIN, REL function.
FunctionAutoManualControl RangeInitial Range
Voltage
(AC/DC)
uA(AC/DC)
mA(AC/DC)
A(AC/DC)FixFix39.99A39.99A
ΩR1-R6Ri → Ri+1
ContinuityFixFix
DiodeFixFix3.999V"OL"
Frequency
R1-R5Ri → Ri+1
(R5→R1)
R1-R2R1 → R2
R2 → R1
R1-R2R1 → R2
R2 → R1
(R6→R1)
FR1-FR5FRi→FRi+1
(FR5→FR1)
1 push < 1 sec
399.9mV
|
3999V
399.9uA
|
3999uA
39.99mA
|
399.9mA
399.9Ω
|
39.99MΩ
399.9Ω
3.999KHZ
|
39.99MHZ
Range up
399.9mV(DC)
3.999V (AC)
3.999KHZ
399.9uA
39.99mA
"OL"
399.9Ω
"OL"
399.9Ω
3.999V
11 91年11月28日
Page 12
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
HOLD :
1 push
RESET
(Automatic)
(1) Under auto mode, press the HOLD function, the mode will change to
manual mode and stay at the same scale range.
(2) If HOLD function is enabled, MAX/MIN, REL function is disabled. But if
MAX/MIN, REL function is pressed first, the HOLD function still can active.
(3) If continue to press the HOLD pin(logic low)then power on the
ES51988 , all the segments will blight until release the HOLD pin.
MAX/MIN :
1 push < 1 sec
RESET
(AUTOMATIC)
Data
Hold
1 push > 1 sec
"MAX" active
max value
1 push > 1 sec
"Min" active
min value
1 push <1 sec
1 push > 1 sec
"MAX MIN" blink
current value
(1) If MAX/MIN function is enaled, REL function is disabled, or if
REL function is enabled,MAX/MIN function is disabled.
(2) The sequent order is MAX value, MIN value, Current value.
REL :
RESET
(AUTOMATIC)
1 push >1 sec1 push <1 sec
"REL" active
the relative value
1 push<1 sec
"REL" blink
the Di(N) value
1 push >1 sec
* When REL function is enabled :
Display = Di(N+K) - Di(N) , K = 0,1,2,3, ...
Di(N) : Input reading when REL function active.
Di(N+K) : Next K step input reading.
* If the input value Di(N) or Di(N+K) ≧ (± 4000), the relative value will
display “OL”.
12 91年11月28日
Page 13
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
Auto-Power-off function:
Once power on the ES51988, the auto-power-off function will be enabled
and if the functions are not changed in 30 minutes, the auto-power-off condition
will be happened and SLEEP pin output will change from +3V to –3V. When power-off
happens, the final data is saved. If continue to press anyone of the pushed function
(except HOLD pin)then power on the ES51988, the auto-power -off function will be
disabled , and LCD segment "APO" will be turned off.
(3) Buzzer
The BUZZER turns on in the following condition :
•1 beep : Measurement function changed ,power and re-power on ,
RANGE, HOLD, MAX/MIN, REL, SET or KEY are pushed.
• 3.3 beeps : Input reading overrange. (except diode,ohm,continuity,
frequency function used)
The serial data is output two times from SDO pin on each A/D conversion cycle.The data
format satisfy JIS 7BIT transmission code and the baud rate is 2400,it means the receiver
terminal can use RS-232 interface to read data .
single package
0V
-3V
0
D0 ~D6
p
1P
LSBMSB
A single package include a start bit(0),D0~D6(7 bit), a parity check bit(odd) and a
stop bit(1).All the data stream is consist of 110× 2 bits. The high and low voltage levels
correspond to DGND and V- respectively. SDO remains at 1 (high) when it is inacetive.
Hence the start bit(0) could be used as the triggering signal to begin the reading process.
all package
0
range
0
0
p
1
0
p
1 0
digit0digit1
p
1 0
p
1 0
digit2digit3
p
1 0
function
p
1 0
p
1
p
1
p
1
status
0
CR LF
Digit0 ~ 3 data is exactly the receiver display number,but the status, function,range,
option1,option2 data all need written program to judge what the data mean.
Note : LSB bit is sent first,then MSB bit.
The meter always outputs the current input value to the serial port in spite of HOLD
mode. Each block is repeated twice in one conversion cycle. The detailed data format of each
packet is listed below.
If the input value is over-range(OL),the reading data DIGIT3=4,DIGIT2=0,
DIGIT1=0,DIGIT0=0,but under the frequency mode,DIGIT0~3 output the
measured value.
FUNCTION : The definition code is not the same as FC1 ~ FC4.
NOTE : 1 : "bar0" is normally ON.
2 : "px" is always OFF(not used).
Ω
19 91年11月28日
Page 20
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
BATTAPORELHOLDMAXMIN
RS232
DC AC
AUTO
MANU
LCD Display Panel
ES51988
umVA
Ω
MK
HZ
Backplane Waveform (Frequency = 62.5 HZ)
ANNUNC
BP1
BP2
BP3
(V-)+3V
V-
(V-)+3V
V-
(V-)+3V
V-
(V-)+3V
V-
(V-)+3V
BP4
V-
20 91年11月28日
Page 21
ES51988
3 3/4 AUTO REL/MAX/MIN
(2) LCD Display ON Condition
LCD Annunciator
"BATT"Low battery is detected.
"DC"DC voltage and DC current functions are
used.
"AC"AC voltage and AC current functions are
used.
"-"DC voltage and current function.
"AUTO"Automatic mode is used.
"MANU"Manual mode is used.
"REL"REL function is used.
"HOLD"HOLD function is used.
"MAX"MAX function is used.
"MIN"MIN function is used.
" "&"Ω"
""&"V"
"mV"AC/DC voltage function is used.
"umA"AC/DC current function is used.
"MKΩ"Ω measurement function is used.
"MKHZ"Frequency counter is used.
"APO"Auto-power-off function is used.
"RS232"Serial data output is used.
BargraphBargraph annunciator is only depend on input
Continuity-check is used.
Diode measurement is used.
reading .
(3) .High Resolution and High Speed(Bargraph) time