STARTING SYSTEM
IN-VEHICLE INSPECTION .......................... ST– 2
STARTER ................................................ ST– 2
STARTER RELAY .................................... ST– 3
NEUTRAL START SWITCH ..................... ST– 3
STARTING SYSTEM CIRCUIT .................... ST– 4
STARTER ..................................................... ST– 5
COMPONENTS ...................................... ST– 5
UNIT CHECK OF STARTER .................... ST– 7
DISASSEMBLY ....................................... ST– 8
INSPECTION .......................................... ST–12
ASSEMBLY ............................................. ST–19
SPECIFICATIONS ....................................... ST–23
SSTs ............................................................ ST–23
TIGHTENING TORQUE ............................... ST–23
ST
JST00001-00000
TO INDEX
IN-VEHICLE INSPECTION
STARTER
1. Place the shift lever to the neutral position. Apply the parking brake lever.
2. Remove the EFI fuse provided inside the relay box so that
the engine may not start.
3. Set the ignition switch to the ST position. Check to see if
the engine cranks.
4. If the engine will not crank, check the battery for damage
or charging state. Also, check the harness for continuity.
5. On the A/T vehicles, check the starter relay and neutral
start switch.
6. If the engine still will not crank even after the checks
above have been performed, remove the starter motor
and perform the unit check.
ST–2
WARNING:
• When removing the starter, firstly disconnect the nega-
tive terminal of the battery. Then, disconnect the positive terminals (+B, ST) at the starter side. Since the
battery voltage is always applied to the starter +B terminal, failure to observe this removing sequence may
lead to battery short, which is extremely dangerous.
CAUTION:
• If the starter terminals or connections between the bat-
tery terminals and the wires are loose, the connections
may generate heat. Thus, loose terminals or connections are potentially-hazard. Be certain to securely
tighten the terminals or wires.
• When installing the starter, install the starter in the
clutch housing positively and be sure to tighten the attaching bolts to the specified torque. Improper installation can cause premature wear of the teeth of the pinion gear or ring gear and also can cause breakage of
the clutch housing.
[Reference]
Starter Installing Torque: 25.9 - 48.1 N·m
Terminal B
Terminal ST
Terminal C
JST00002-00000
JST00003-00002
STARTER RELAY
1. Remove the lid of the relay box inside the engine compartment and pull out the starter relay.
2. Inspection of relay continuity
(1) Check that there is continuity between the terminals q
and w.
Specified Value: 109 - 113 Ω
(2) Check that there is continuity between the terminals e
and r when a voltage of 12 V is applied between the
terminals q and w.
NOTE:
• If the trouble has not been solved by repairing the
relay, check wire harness.
3. Install the starter relay to the relay box.
ST–3
42
31
wqre
JST00004-00000
JST00005-00004
JST00006-00000
NEUTRAL START SWITCH
As for the neutral start switch check, refer to the Section EF.
JST00080-00000
STARTING SYSTEM CIRCUIT
ST–4
Engine
ECU
68
STA
Ignition switch
ST
Battery
AM 60 A
BST
BST
P.C H.C
P.C H.C
C
C
0.8 kW
1.0 kW
JST00007-00006
JST00000-00007
M/T
A/T
Ignition switch
ST
AM 60 A
Battery
C
BST
P.C H.C
C
BST
P.C H.C
Starter relay
Neutral start switch
11
68
Engine
ECU
A/T
STA
0.8 kW
1.0 kW
STARTER
COMPONENTS
ST–5
B
B
t
!7
!5
!8
!4
!3
!2
!0
!1
e
w
r
y
u
i
o
q
!6
JST00008-00008
RATED OUTPUT: 0.8 kW
q Magnetic switch
w Bearing
e Drive housing Assy
r Plate washer
t Pinion drive lever
y Snap ring
u Pinion stop collar
i Starter clutch
o Armature
!0 Yoke Assy
!1 Brush
!2 Brush spring
!3 Brush holder
!4 Insulator
!5 Bearing
!6 Commutator end frame
!7 Through bolt
!8 Dust protector
ST–6
q
!5
!4
!3
!2
!0
o
i
u
y
t
r
!1
e
w
@6
@5
@4
@1
@22
@3
@0
!9
!8
!7
!6
JST00000-00009
RATED OUTPUT: 1.0 kW
q Magnetic switch
w Bearing
e Drive housing Assy
r Snap ring
t Pinion stop collar
y Starter clutch
u Snap ring
i Washer
o Pinion drive lever
!0 Bearing
!1 Center bearing
!2 Internal gear
!3 Washer
!4 Planetary carrier shaft
!5 Bearing
!6 Washer
!7 Planetary gear
!8 Plate
!9 Yoke Assy
@0 Brush
@1 Armature
@2 Brush holder
@3 Brush spring
@4 Bearing
@5 Through bolt
@6 Commutator end frame
UNIT CHECK OF STARTER
CAUTION:
• Each of the following tests must be performed within
three to five seconds. If you fail to observe this caution
and the starter should be energized for more than this
duration, the coil may be burnt out.
• If the magnet switch should be tested as a unit, there is
the possibility that the switch section is damaged.
Hence, be sure to test it in the assembled state.
NOTE:
• Since the magnet switch can not be overhauled, re-
place it if it is malfunctioning.
Pull-in test
1. Disconnect the lead wire from the terminal C of the magnetic switch.
2. Connect the negative (–) terminal of the battery to the
starter body as well as to the terminal C of the magnetic
switch.
3. Connect the positive (+) terminal to the terminal ST.
Ensure that the pinion is pushed outward.
If the drive pinion fails to move out, replace the magnetic
switch.
NOTE:
• The cause for the pinion to fail to pull in is open wire in
the P.C. of the magnet switch or improper sliding of the
plunger. Hence, replace the magnet switch.
Hold-in test
After the check has been performed following the same procedure as the pull-in test, disconnect the negative terminal of
the magnetic switch terminal.
Ensure that the drive pinion is held in a pushed-out state.
If the drive pinion fails to be held, replace the magnetic
switch.
NOTE:
• The cause for the pinion to fail to be held is open wire
in the P.C. of the magnet switch. Hence, replace the
magnet switch.
ST–7
JST00009-00010
JST00010-00011
JST00011-00012
JST00012-00013
JST00013-00014
Inspection of plunger return
After the check has been performed following the same procedure as the hold-in test, disconnect the ground terminal of
the starter body. Ensure that the drive pinion is drawn into the
drive housing.
If the drive pinion fails to be drawn, replace the magnetic
switch.
NOTE:
• The cause for the pinion to fail to return is that either
H.C. or P.C. of the magnet switch is grounded or shorted. Hence, replace the magnet switch.
ST–8
No-load performance test
Connect the battery and an ammeter to the starter as shown
in the right figure. Ensure that the starter rotates smoothly with
the pinion moving out.
Measure the current the starter is drawing.
Specified Current:
0.8 kW TYPE 50 A/11.5 V
1.0 kW TYPE 90 A/11.5 V
NOTE:
• Prior to the test, be sure to connect the lead wire to the
magnetic switch.
DISASSEMBLY
STARTER (0.8 kW)
1. Disconnect the lead wire from the magnetic switch.
2. Remove the attaching nut of the magnetic switch from the
drive housing.
3. Remove the magnetic switch from the drive housing.
JST00014-00015
JST00015-00016
JST00016-00017
JST00017-00018
4. Remove the commutator end frame cover by removing the
two screws.
5. Remove the insulator from the brush holder.
6. Remove the brush spring and brush from the brush holder.
7. Remove the brush holder from the yoke.
8. Remove the yoke from the armature.
9. Remove the pinion drive lever and the armature from the
drive housing.
10. With the SST put over the shaft, lightly tap the SST so as to
remove the pinion stop collar from the snap ring.
SST: 09238-87701-000
ST–9
JST00018-00019
JST00019-00020
JST00020-00021
JST00021-00022
JST00022-00023
11. Detach the snap ring by prying it off with snap ring pliers.
12. Remove the starter clutch from the shaft.
ST–10
STARTER (1.0 kW)
1. Disconnect the lead wire from the magnetic switch.
2. Remove the attaching nut of the magnetic switch from the
drive housing.
3. Remove the magnetic switch from the drive housing.
4. Separate the drive housing and yoke by removing the two
through bolts.
5. Separate the commutator end frame and yoke by removing the two screws.
JST00023-00024
JST00024-00025
JST00025-00026
JST00026-00027
JST00027-00028
6. Separate the yoke and center bearing.
7. Pull out the armature from the yoke.
8. Remove the brushes from the brush holder by lifting the
brush springs by means of nose pliers or the like.
NOTE:
• Care must be exercised not to scratch the commutator
during the removal.
9. Remove the plate from the center bearing.
10. Remove the planetary gears.
11. With the SST put over the shaft, lightly tap the SST so as to
remove the pinion stop collar from the snap ring.
SST: 09238-87701-000
12. Remove the snap ring from the shaft. Remove the starter
clutch from the shaft.
ST–11
JST00028-00029
JST00029-00030
JST00030-00031
JST00031-00032
JST00032-00033
13. Remove the snap ring. Pull out the shaft from the center
bearing.
ST–12
14. Pull out the internal gear from the center bearing.
NOTE:
• When the internal gear is removed, align the recess
provided at the circumference of the center bearing
with the recess provided at the circumference of the internal gear.
INSPECTION
Armature
1. Check of armature insulation
Ensure that no continuity exists between the commutator
and the armature coil, using an ohmmeter.
If continuity exists, replace the armature.
2. Check of commutator continuity
Check continuity between respective adjacent segments
of the commutator, using an ohmmeter.
If no continuity exists between any adjacent segments, replace the armature.
Check of commutator
1. Check each contact surface of the commutator segments
with the brushes for burning.
If the surfaces are dirty or burnt, correct the commutator
surfaces, using abrasive paper (No. 400) or a lathe.
JST00033-00034
JST00034-00035
JST00035-00036
JST00036-00037
JST00037-00038
2. Check of commutator for circle runout
Support the armature at its both ends on a V-block.
Check the commutator for circle runout, using a dial
gauge.
Standard Circle Runout:
0.8 kW TYPE: 0.05 mm
1.0 kW TYPE: 0.02 mm
Limit:
0.8 kW TYPE: 0.40 mm
1.0 kW TYPE: 0.05 mm
If the circle runout exceeds the allowable limit, turn down
the commutator on a lathe.
At this point, care must be exercised to ensure that the
commutator diameters are not less than the minimum required diameter of 27 mm.
3. Measurement of commutator diameter
Measure the commutator diameter by means of a micrometer or vernier calipers.
Standard Diameter: 28 mm
Minimum Diameter: 27 mm
If the commutator diameter is less than the minimum diameter, replace the armature.
4. Check of commutator undercut depth
If the depth of the insulator groove between commutator
segments is less than 0.2 mm, it is necessary to undercut
the insulator so that the groove depth may become 0.45 -
0.75 mm.
Check of field coil
1. Field coil continuity test
Perform field coil continuity test at a point between the
lead wires (brush), using an ohmmeter.
If no continuity exists, replace the yoke.
0.8 kW TYPE: 4 lead wires are available
1.0 kW TYPE: 2 lead wires are available
2. Field coil short test
1.0 kW TYPE
Perform field coil short test at a point between the brush
and the yoke proper, using an ohmmeter.
If continuity exists, replace the yoke.
ST–13
Dial gauge
V-block
JST00038-00039
JST00039-00040
JST00040-00041
JST00041-00042
JST00042-00043
0.8 kW TYPE
Ensure that continuity exists between the yoke and the
brush at the field coil side.
If no continuity exists, replace the yoke.
ST–14
Check of brushes
1. Measurement of brush length
Measure the brush length, using vernier calipers.
Standard Length:
0.8 kW TYPE: 10 mm
1.0 kW TYPE: 14 mm
Minimum Length:
0.8 kW TYPE: 7.8 mm
1.0 kW TYPE: 11.1 mm
If the length is less than the minimum requirement, replace
the brush.
NOTE:
• It is possible to replace the brush holder or yoke with
the brush.
2. Procedure for brush replacement
(1) Cut the brush lead wire at the terminal side.
(2) Remove welding traces with a file or the like to correct
the brush terminal to the specified dimensions.
Specified Dimensions:
Thickness: 1.3 - 1.5 mm
Width: 5 mm
NOTE:
• Be sure to remove the section of the brush terminal as
indicated in the right figure. Since the section to be removed is narrow, be very careful not to damage the
field coil.
(3) Stick the plate section of a replacement brush onto the
welding side of the lead wire. Make pressure connection over the overlaid section by pinching it with pliers.
NOTE:
• Be sure to take out the brush lead wire in the correct
direction.
JST00043-00044
JST00044-00045
JST00045-00046
JST00046-00047
JST00047-00048
(4) Solder the pressure connection. Correct the section,
using a file or the like, so that the section conforms to
the dimensions, as indicated in the right figure.
NOTE:
• When performing the soldering, heat the section to be
soldered thoroughly. Be very careful not to allow any
solder to flow into the positive side lead wire.
• Be sure to allow solder in a sufficient amount to flow
into the inside of the plate.
• Ensure that no solder oozes to the field side.
Check of brush holder (Only for 1.0 kW TYPE)
1. Check of brush holder for insulation
Measure the insulation between the positive and negative
terminal of the brush holder.
Insulation Resistance: 0.1 MΩ or more
If the insulation resistance is less than the specification,
replace the brush holder.
Check of starter clutch
1. Inspection of pinion gear and spline teeth
Check the teeth of the pinion gear and spline for wear or
damage.
If any damage exists, replace the clutch. Also, inspect the
flywheel ring gear for wear or damage.
2. Check of starter clutch
While holding the clutch, turn the pinion clockwise. Ensure
that the pinion turns smoothly.
Turn the pinion counterclockwise. Ensure that the pinion is
locked.
If the check results are unsatisfactory, replace the starter
clutch.
Check of magnetic switch
1. Plunger check
Push in the plunger with your fingers and release your fingers. Ensure that the plunger returns quickly to the original
position. If the plunger exhibits poor returning or fails to return, replace the magnetic switch.
ST–15
JST00048-00049
JST00049-00050
JST00050-00051
JST00051-00052
JST00052-00053
Brush holder
2. Pull-in coil open circuit test
Using an ohmmeter, ensure that continuity exists between
the terminal ST and the terminal C.
If no continuity exists, replace the magnetic switch.
ST–16
3. Hold-in coil open circuit test
Ensure that continuity exists between the terminal ST and
the magnetic switch body.
If no continuity exists, replace the magnetic switch.
Replacement of drive housing bearing
1. Remove the bearing, using the following SST with a press
or the like.
SST: 09221-87301-000
NOTE:
• When pulling out the bearing, be sure to remove it from
the inside.
JST00053-00054
JST00054-00055
JST00080-00080
2. Install the bearing, using the following SST with a press or
the like.
SST: 09221-87301-000
NOTE:
• When installing the bearing, be sure to install it from
the outside.
Check of center bearing (Only for 1.0 kW TYPE)
1. Measure the outer diameter of the center bearing sliding
section of the planetary carrier shaft.
Specified Value: 15 mm
JST00081-00081
JST00082-00082
2. Measure the inner diameter of the center bearing so as to
determine the clearance.
Specified Value: 0.03 mm
Allowable Limit: 0.10 mm
If the clearance exceeds the allowable limit, replace the
bearing or he planetary carrier shaft.
3. Bearing replacement
(1) Remove the bearing, using a suitable tool in combina-
tion with a press or the like.
NOTE:
• When pulling out the bearing, be sure to remove it from
the inside.
(2) Install the bearing, using a suitable tool in combination
with a press or the like.
NOTE:
• When installing the bearing, be sure to install it from
the outside.
NOTE:
• The bearing should be driven into position in such a
way that the bearing is recessed within 0.5 mm from
the edge of the center bearing.
Check of end frame bearing
1.0 kW TYPE
1. Measure the outer diameter of the end frame sliding section of the armature shaft.
Specified Value: 7 mm
ST–17
JST00083-00083
JST00084-00084
JST00085-00085
JST00086-00086
JST000887-00087
2. Measure the inner diameter of the end frame bearing so
as to determine the clearance.
Specified Value: 0.03 mm
Allowable Limit: 0.10 mm
If the clearance exceeds the allowable limit, replace the
bearing or the armature.
ST–18
3. Bearing replacement
(1) Remove the bearing, using a tap as shown in the right
figure.
NOTE:
• Be certain to clamp the end frame in a vise with a cloth
interposed so that no scratch may be made on the end
frame.
(2) Install a new bearing, using a suitable tool in combina-
tion with a press or the like.
0.8 kW TYPE
1. Bearing replacement
(1) Remove the bearing, using the following SST with a
press or the like.
SST: 09221-87301-000
NOTE:
• When pulling out the bearing, be sure to remove it from
the inside.
(2) Install the bearing, using the following SST with a
press or the like.
SST: 09221-87301-000
NOTE:
• When installing the bearing, be sure to install it from
the outside.
JST00088-00088
JST00089-00089
JST00090-00090
JST00091-00091
JST00092-00092
ASSEMBLY
NOTE:
• Use high-temperature grease to lubricate the bearings
and sliding parts when assembling the starter.
STARTER (0.8 kW)
1. Install the starter clutch on the armature shaft.
2. Pass the pinion stop collar on the armature shaft.
3. Fit the new snap ring onto the armature shaft.
4. With the starter clutch pushed up, lightly tap the shaft with
a plastic hammer so as to fit the pinion stop collar onto the
snap ring.
5. Install the pinion drive lever and armature in the drive
housing.
NOTE:
• Apply high-temperature grease to the sliding sections
of the armature shaft and drive lever.
6. Install the yoke in the drive housing.
7. Install the brush holder over the armature shaft.
8. Install the brush and brush spring in the brush holder.
ST–19
JST00058-00059
JST00059-00060
JST00060-00061
JST00061-00062
JST00062-00063
9. Install the insulator on the brush holder.
10. Attach the commutator end frame to the yoke assembly.
ST–20
11. While hooking the magnetic switch over the pinion drive
lever, install the magnetic switch onto the drive housing.
Secure the magnetic switch with the two nuts.
12. Connect the lead wire to the magnetic switch.
STARTER (1.0 kW)
1. Place the internal gear into the center bearing.
NOTE:
• When the internal gear is placed, align the recess pro-
vided at the circumference of the center bearing with
the recess provided at the circumference of the internal
gear.
2. Place the planetary carrier shaft into the center bearing
with the washers.
Clamp it with the snap ring.
JST00063-00064
JST00064-00065
JST00065-00066
JST00066-00067
JST00067-00068
3. Pass the pinion stop collar through the center bearing
shaft.
Then, attach the new snap ring to the shaft groove.
4. With the starter clutch pushed up, lightly tap the shaft with
a plastic hammer so as to fit the pinion stop collar onto the
snap ring.
5. Install the planetary gear to the planet carrier.
NOTE:
• Apply high-temperature grease to the gear sections of
the planetary gears.
6. Install the plate to the center bearing.
NOTE:
• During the installation, be sure to align the recess pro-
vided at the circumference of the plate with the recess
provided at the circumference of the center bearing.
7. Place the armature in the yoke.
8. Place the brush in the brush holder.
9. Connect the center bearing with the yoke.
NOTE:
• During connection, be sure to align the recess sections
at the connecting section.
ST–21
Snap ring
Pinion stop collar
JST00068-00069
JST00069-00070
JST00070-00071
JST00071-00072
JST00072-00073
10. Install the commutator end frame to the yoke.
ST–22
11. Install the pinion drive lever and armature in the drive
housing.
NOTE:
• Apply high-temperature grease to the sliding sections
of the armature shaft and drive lever.
• Align the protrusion of the center bearing with the re-
cess of the drive housing.
12. Tighten the through bolt.
JST00073-00074
JST00074-00075
13. While hooking the magnetic switch over the pinion drive
lever, install the magnetic switch onto the drive housing.
Secure the magnetic switch with the two nuts.
NOTE:
• Be sure to install the rubber boot in the spring section
securely.
JST00075-00076
14. Connect the lead wire to the magnetic switch.
JST00076-00077
SPECIFICATIONS
SSTs
TIGHTENING TORQUE
ST–23
Starter type
Planetary type (Cold spec.)
12 V - 1.0 kW
Less than 90 A
14.0 mm
11.1 mm
28 mm
27 mm
0.45 - 0.75 mm
0.2 mm
0.02 mm
0.05 mm
Conventional
12 V - 0.8 kW
Less than 50 A
10.0 mm
7.8 mm
28 mm
27 mm
0.45 - 0.75 mm
0.2 mm
0.05 mm
0.4 mm
Rated voltage and output power
No-load characteristic at 11.5 V
Brush length
Specified value
Allowable limit
Specified value
Allowable limit
Specified value
Allowable limit
Specified value
Outer diameter
Commutator Undercut depth
Maximum circle runout
Allowable limit
Shape Part number
09238-87701-000
09221-87301-000 Remover & Replacer
Remover & Replacer
Part name
Tightening components
N·m kgf-m
25.9 - 48.1 2.6 - 4.9
Starter × Engine
Tightening torque
JST00077-00000
JST00078-00078
JST00079-00000
TO INDEX TO NEXT SECTION
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