CITIZEN E670 User Manual

Request to Customers

All repairs performed on this watch, excluding repairs involving the band, are to be performed at the CITIZEN. When desiring to have your watch repaired or inspected, place contact the Citizen Service Center either directly or through the store where you purchased your watch.

This watch is a radio wave watch that receives the standard time radio wave transmitted in Germany

This radio wave watch is equipped with a regular automatic reception function that sets the time and date by automatically receiving radio waves at 3:00 AM or 4:00 AM, and a free reception function that allows the time to be set arbitrarily at any time by receiving radio waves.

· This watch is unable to receive radio waves of countries other than Germany.

Please use this watch after charging sufficiently by placing in light

If the second hand of the watch is moving at two-second intervals while the watch is in use, this indicates that the watch is insufficiently charged. Use the watch after first recharging by referring to the section entitled, "15. General Reference for Charging Times of Solar-Powered Watches". Since it may be difficult for light to shine on the watch as a result of being covered by clothing during the winter months in particular, it is recommended to charge the watch by exposing to direct sunlight once a month. To ensure that your watch is used comfortably, it is recommended to try to keep the watch fully charged at all times.

NO: Reception result

24 hour hand

Hour hand

Button (B)

Date

Crown

Minute hand

Button (A)

H, M, L: Reception level/reception result

* The illustrations shown in this manual may differ from the actual watch you have purchased.

Second hand

RX: Reception standby Function hand (day,

chronograph minutes, chronograph 1/20 seconds)

Mode hand (time, chronograph, local time, reference position, alarm, date)

ON/OFF (alarm/daylight savings time)

250

100

120

140

180

Please confirm the following before using the watch

* Set the mode hand to the TME mode.

H, M, L: Reception level/reception result

Please confirm the following before

using the watch

Button (B)

[TME mode]

Mode hand

NO: Reception result

RX: Reception standby

Check the movement of the second hand.

Recharge the watch by placing under direct sunlight

Second hand moving at twosecond intervals

Second hand moving at one-second intervals

Check the reception result by pressing button (B) at the 4:00 position.

When the second hand has pointed to reception result (H, M or L)

When the second hand has pointed to reception result (NO)

The standard time radio wave has been received properly. The watch can now be used.

Perform radio wave reception by referring to the section entitled, "Free Reception" on the next page.

(The mode can be switched by pulling the crown out to Position 1. Set the mode hand to one of the three locations of the TME mode. Return the crown to its original position after switching the mode.)

OFF

100

120

250

180

140

8 9

Important Points Regarding Radio Wave Reception

· Radio waves are received in the Time Mode (TME/3 locations) or Local Time Mode (L-TM). Radio waves cannot be received in other modes.

[Regular Automatic Reception]

The watch sets the time (including daylight savings time) and date by automatically receiving radio waves at 3:00 AM or 4:00 AM each day. (Radio waves are not received at 4:00 AM if they have been successfully received at 3:00 AM.)

[Free Reception]

The free reception function lets you receive radio waves at any time. Use this function when the reception environment has changed or in other cases when radio waves are unable to be received by Regular Automatic Reception. Do not move the watch during free reception to ensure that radio waves are reliably received. (It may take up to about 15 minutes to receive radio waves.)

Remove the watch from your wrist and place it in a stable location where radio waves are able to be received easily such as near a window with the 6:00 position of the watch facing a radio wave transmitter station.

· In the case of free reception, press button (B) at the 4:00 position for about 2 seconds or more and after hearing a confirmatory tone, release your finger when the second hand begins to move to the RX: Reception Standby position (12:00).

· It is not necessary to press button (B) in the case of regular automatic reception.

· It may be difficult to receive radio waves around the times of dawn and dusk. It is recommended to receive radio waves while avoiding these times. Refer to the section entitled, "4. Receiving Radio Waves" for further information on the procedure for receiving radio waves.

Check the reception result to determine whether or not radio waves have been received properly by pressing button (B) located at the 4:00 position following reception. If the second hand points to H, M or L, this indicates that radio waves have been received properly. The watch can now be used. If the second hand points to NO, this means that radio waves were unable to be received. If this happens, try receiving radio waves again at a different location.

Important Points Regarding Radio

Wave Reception

120

100

250

R X

OFF

10 11

Power Save Function

This power saving function causes the second hand to stop at the 12:00 position when light does not shine on the watch for 30 minutes or more such as when it is blocked by clothing or during storage.

· Other hands continue to operate normally.

· The watch continues to receive radio waves by regular automatic reception and keep the correct time even when the power save function has been activated. It may not be able to receive radio waves depending on the storage environment. In this case, the timekeeping accuracy of the watch is ±15 seconds per month.

· When the watch is exposed to light, the power save function is canceled and the second hand begins to move normally again.

* Refer to the section entitled, "14. A. Power Save Function" for further information on

the power save function.

1. Features.................................................................................................................... 14

2. Operating the Crown.............................................................................................. 15

3. Before Using ............................................................................................................ 16

A. Radio Wave Receiving Function

4. Receiving Radio Waves .......................................................................................... 19

A. Position of the Second Hand During Reception B. Confirmation of Reception Result C. Reception Level and Reception Result D. General Reference for Receiving Areas

5. List of Functions Assigned to Mode Hand............................................................ 26

6. Switching the Mode................................................................................................. 30

7. Using the Chronograph .......................................................................................... 32

12 13

8. Setting Local Time and Daylight Savings Time ................................................... 36

9. Using the Alarm ...................................................................................................... 40

10. Manually Setting the Time and Daylight Savings Time...................................... 42

A. Setting the Time B. Setting Daylight Savings Time

11. Manually Setting the Date...................................................................................... 46

12. Checking and Correcting the Reference Position ................................................ 52

A. Checking the Reference Position B. Correcting the Reference Position

13. Photoelectric Power Generation Function............................................................ 57

14. Unique Functions of Solar-Powered Watches...................................................... 58

A. Power Save Function

<Canceling Power Save> B. Insufficient Charge Warning Function C. Overcharging Prevention Function

15. General Reference for Charging Times of Solar-Powered Watches.................. 63

16. Solar-Powered Watch Handling Precautions....................................................... 65

Charging Precautions Handling the Secondary Battery Replacing the Energy Storage Cell

17. Using the Tachymeter (When Provided) .............................................................. 67

18. Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................... 68

19. Precautions .............................................................................................................. 70

20. Specifications ........................................................................................................... 76

14 15

1. Features

This watch is a radio wave watch that automatically corrects the time (including daylight savings time) and date by receiving standard time radio waves (time data) transmitted in Germany. In addition, this watch is also an Eco-Drive radio wave watch provided with a photoelectric power generation function that converts light energy into electrical energy to drive the watch. It is also equipped with the features listed below. (1) Chronograph Function

· This function is able to measure time up to 59 minutes 59.95 seconds in 1/20 second units.

(2) Local Time Function

· This function allows the watch to be set to the time in another country or city.

· Local time can be corrected in one hour units.

· Daylight savings time can be switched on and off.

(3) Alarm Function

· The alarm time can be set based on a 24-hour clock.

· The alarm sounds for 15 seconds when the watch reaches the set time.

(4) Perpetual Calendar Function

· The date (elapsed years, month, date and day) does not have to be corrected through February 28, 2100 even if radio waves are not received.

2. Operating the Crown

(Continuously Moving the Hands)

Rapidly turning the crown continuously to the left or right (by two clicks) causes the hands (hour hand, minute hand or second hand) to move continuously. Click the crown once to the right or left to interrupt hand movement.

Click Click

Rapidly turn the crown continuously (by two clicks) with the side of your Finger.

3. Before Using

A. Radio Wave Receiving Function

<For Good Reception>

This watch incorporates an antenna for receiving radio waves inside the watch case (at the 6:00 position). For good reception, it is recommended to have the 6:00 position of the watch facing in the direction of the radio wave transmitter station when receiving radio waves. The reception level varies depending on the environment in which the watch is used. Try receiving radio waves while changing the orientation or location of the watch while referring to the reception level of H, M or L. Find the location and direction where radio waves are received easily as indicated by H or M for the reception level.

[Note]

Radio waves can be received in the time (TME) mode found at three locations on the watch or the local time (L-TM) mode. Radio waves cannot be received in other modes.

· In order to receive radio waves properly, remove the watch from your wrist and place it in a stable location that facilitates reception of radio waves such as in front of a window. Do not move the watch during reception.

· Radio waves may be hard to receive due to blockage by metallic objects or the environment. When inside a building and so on, reception should be performed as close to a window as possible.

<Time Required for Receiving Radio Waves>

It takes from about 2 to 15 minutes to receive radio waves. If reception has failed due to a poor reception environment and so forth, it may take about 60 seconds for the watch to return to the normal display.

Time mode (TME)

Local time mode (L-TM)

18 19

<Locations where Reception may be Difficult>

It may not be possible to properly receive radio waves at locations susceptible to generation of radio wave noise or under environmental conditions that cause difficulty in receiving radio waves.

Locations subject to extremely high or low temperatures

Inside a reinforced concrete building, between tall buildings or in valleys between mountains or underground

In a car, train or airplane

Near a cellular telephone in use

Near high-tension wires (power lines), railroad overhead wires or airports (communication facilities)

Near household electric appliances or OA equipment such as TV sets, refrigerators, personal computers, fax machines, etc.

4. Receiving Radio Waves

· There are three ways to receive radio waves consisting of regular automatic reception, free reception and recovery automatic reception. The time (including daylight savings time) and date are corrected automatically when radio waves have been properly received.

[Note] Do not move the watch until reception is completed.

1. Regular Automatic Reception

· The watch automatically begins to receive radio waves at 3:00 AM or 4:00 AM each day. (Radio waves are not received at 4:00 AM if they have been successfully received at 3:00 AM.)

(1) When receiving radio waves, remove the watch from your wrist and place it in a stable

location where radio waves can be received easily such as by a window with the 6:00 position of the watch facing in the direction of the radio wave transmitter station.

(2) After the second hand has moved to the reception standby (RX) position, it moves to H,

M or L to indicate that reception of radio waves is in progress after which the watch begins to receive radio waves.

(3) reception is completed, the second hand automatically moves from H, M or L to the

correct time.

2120

2. Free Reception

· Free reception can be used to receive radio waves at any time.

(1) When receiving radio waves, remove the watch from your wrist and place it in a stable

location where radio waves can be received easily such as by a window with the 6:00 position of the watch facing in the direction of the radio wave transmitter station.

(2) Press button (B) at the 4:00 position for about 2 seconds or more. After the hearing the

confirmatory tone, release your finger after checking that the second hand has moved to the standby position (RX) (12:00). The remainder of the procedure is the same as steps (2) and (3) of the procedure for regular automatic reception (on the previous page).

· If reception is successful, a beeping tone sounds twice and the watch is corrected to the correct time.

· If reception has failed, a beeping tone sounds once and the watch returns to the time display prior to radio wave reception.

3. Recovery Automatic Reception

· When the watch has stopped as a result of being insufficiently charged, radio waves are then received once automatically. However, charge the watch for about 30 minutes under direct sunlight to initiate recovery automatic reception. Try to keep the watch charged at all times so that it does not become insufficiently charged.

A. Position of the Second Hand During Reception

(movement of second hand from start of reception to completion)

250

180

250

[Reception Standby] [Reception in Progress] [Completion of Reception]

The second hand moves to the RX position and stops.

The second hand moves to either the H, M or L reception level. Although the second hand may turn to correct the time during reception, this does not mean that reception is completed.

When radio waves have been received properly, the second hand returns to one-second interval movement and each hand is automatically corrected to the correct time. If radio waves were unable to be received, the watch returns to the time prior to radio wave reception. Never move the watch until the second hand returns to one-second interval movement.

Reception standby

Reception level

Button (B)

Reception level

O N

100

250

120

180

140

2322

B. Confirmation of Reception Result

· When button (B) is pressed once, the second hand moves to H, M, L or NO to enable confirmation of the reception result. [Note] Since the second hand moves to the 12:00 (RX) position and free reception

begins if button (B) is depressed continuously for 2 seconds or more, do not press button (B) for 2 seconds or more. In the case of having mistakenly begun free reception, press button (B) for 2 seconds and to cancel radio wave reception.

· The reception is indicated for 10 seconds after which the watch automatically returns to the current time. In addition, the watch can also be returned to the current time by pressing button (B) while the reception result is indicated.

C. Reception Level and Reception Result

· During the time radio waves are being received, the second hand waits at the reception position corresponding to the reception state to indicate the reception level. Following reception, the reception result can be confirmed by pressing button (B).

Reception

level

Position of

second hand

Reception level during reception Reception result after reception

12 seconds

position

· When the radio wave reception environment is extremely good

· When radio waves were received in an extremely good reception environment

9 seconds

position

· When the radio wave reception environment is good

· When radio waves were received in a good reception environment

6 seconds

position

· When the radio wave reception environment is somewhat good

· When radio waves were received in a somewhat good reception environment

55 seconds

position

-------------------- When reception has failed

2524

HambHamburg

OsloOslo

Warsaw

Budapest

Naples

RomeRome

Barcelona

MarseillesMarseilles

Paris

Berlin

Belgrade

Hamburg

Oslo

Warsaw

Belgrade

Budapest

Naples

Rome

Barcelona

Marseilles

Paris

Berlin

D. General Reference for Receiving Areas

The following provides a general reference for those areas where the watch is able to receive standard time radio waves. These areas may vary as a result of changes in radio rave reception conditions depending on the time period, seasonal variations and weather. Since this map only provides a general reference of the areas where radio waves can be received, there may be locations where radio waves cannot be received even if they are within the range shown on the map.

Standard time radio wave

transmitter station

DCF77

Location of transmitter

station

Mainflingen, Germany (25 km southeast of Frankfurt)

General reference for areas where radio

waves can be received

Radius of about 900 km from radio wave transmitter station (radio waves may not be able to be received in the vicinity of Lake Leman, Switzerland)

Although the standard time radio waves used by radio wave watches are transmitted nearly continuously 24 hours a day, transmission may be interrupted for reasons such as maintenance and inspections. This watch will continue to keep the correct time at an accuracy of within ±15 seconds per month even if it is unable to receive standard time radio waves.

2726

Normal position

Position 1 Position 2

Normal position

Position 1 Position 2

Normal position

Position 1 Position 2

Normal position

Position 1 Position 2

Normal position Displays seconds

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Displays daylight savings

time ON or OFF

Stops at 0 position

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Stops at 0 position

Position 1

Position 2

Name Crown position TME (*1) CHR

Function hand Displays day

Stops at chronograph

0 minutes position

Date Displays date Displays date

Hour hand/

minute hand

Displays hours/minutes Displays hours/minutes

24 hour hand

Displays time

(24 hour clock)

Displays time

(24 hour clock)

Second hand

L-TM

Displays day of local

time

Displays date of local

time

Displays hours/minutes

of local time

Displays local time

(24 hour clock)

Displays seconds

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Displays daylight savings

time ON or OFF

a0b

Stops at chronograph

30 minutes position

Displays 31/1

Stops at 12:00 position

Stops at 24:00 position

Stops at 12:00 position

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Stops at 12:00 position

ALM

Stops at chronograph

0 minutes position

Displays date

Displays alarm

hours/minutes

Displays alarm time

(24 hour clock)

Displays alarm ON or OFF

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Displays alarm

ON or OFF

CAL

Displays day

Displays date

Displays hours/minutes

Displays time (24 hour

clock)

Displays elapsed

years/month

Mode switching (stops at

30 seconds position)

Displays elapsed

years/month

5. List of Functions Assigned to Mode Hand

Please read this section while referring to the watch illustration found at the beginning of this manual. *1: The same time is displayed at three locations of the TME mode.

2928

Normal position

No change

Zeroes second hand to

12:00 position (by pressing

for 2 seconds)

No change

Mode switching

Time correction (after

pressing button (B) for

2 seconds)

No change

Mode switching

No change

Name Crown position TME (*1) CHR

Button (A)

Confirms whether daylight

savings time ON or OFF

Start/stop/reset

Position 1

Position 2

Normal position

Position 1

Position 2

Normal position

Position 1

Position 2

Button (B)

Crown

Switches daylight savings

time ON and OFF

No change

Reception result/Reception

standby

Displays 1/20 seconds

when chronograph stopped

*1: The same time is displayed at three locations of the TME mode.

No change

Mode switching

Local time correction

L-TM

Confirms whether

daylight savings time

ON or OFF

Switches daylight

savings time ON and

OFF

Reception result/

Reception standby

No change

Mode switching

Reference position

correction

a0b

No change

Selects location for

reference position

correction

No change

Mode switching

Alarm time correction

ALM

Switches alarm

ON and OFF

Alarm tone monitor

No change

Mode switching

Date correction

CAL

No change

Selects location for date

correction

3130

6. Switching the Mode

· This watch is equipped with six modes consisting of a time (displayed at three locations), chronograph, local time, reference position, alarm and calendar mode.

· The same time is displayed at all three locations in the time (TME) mode.

When the crown is pulled out to Position 1 (mode switching position), the second hand advances (clockwise rotation) and stops at the 30 second position. If the second hand does not stop at the 30 seconds position, refer to the section entitled, "Checking and Correcting the Reference Position" and correct the reference position. (1) Turn the crown and align the mode hand at

each mode.

· The mode hand can be aligned by turning the crown to the right or left. Each mode can be selected by moving the mode hand.

(2) Pull the crown out further to Position 2 (mode

correction position) to enter the correction state of each mode.

· Read the correction procedures for each mode for details on correcting each mode.

Mode switching position

Mode correction position

Second hand

Mode hand

TME

Time Mode

CHR

Chronograph

Mode

TME

Time Mode

L-TM

Local Time

Mode

CAL

Calendar Mode

TME

Time Mode

ALM

Alarm Mode

a0b

Reference

Position Mode

[Mode Names]

[Switching the Mode]

Time mode

Calendar mode

Time mode

Alarm mode

Reference position mode

Chronograph mode

Time mode

Local time mode

OFF

100

250

120

180

140

32 33

7. Using the Chronograph

· The chronograph is able to measure time up to 59 minutes 59.95 seconds in 1/20 second units. It is reset to 0 after timing.

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and then turn the crown to align the mode hand at [CHR] (chronograph). Then return the crown to the normal position.

· The second hand and function hand are rapidly advanced to the 0 position and the watch enters the chronograph mode.

· The second hand changes to the chronograph second hand and is rapidly advanced by one revolution only when starting timing at 0 seconds. It then moves at one-second intervals to measure chronograph seconds.

· The function hand changes to chronograph minutes and advances at one minute intervals or it changes to chronograph 1/20 seconds.

· When button (B) is pressed to stop the chronograph, the function hand displays time in chronograph 1/20 seconds for as long as it is pressed.

· The hour and minute hands may display the mode prior to switching the mode when the watch has been switched from another mode to the chronograph mode.

Function hand (chronograph minutes/chronograph 1/20 seconds)

Mode switching position

Button (B)

Second hand (chronograph seconds)

OFF

100

120

250

180

140

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to align the mode hand at [CHR] (chronograph), and then push it in to the normal position. (1) The chronograph is repeatedly started and stopped and a confirmatory tone sounds

each time button (A) is pressed.

(2) If button (B) is pressed while the chronograph is stopped, the function hand displays

the time in chronograph 1/20 seconds for as long as it is pressed. Releasing button (B) returns the function hand to displaying chronograph minutes.

(3) If button (A) is depressed continuously

while the chronograph is stopped, the chronograph second hand and chronograph minute hand are reset to the 0 position.

Reset Timing Stop

Recall of 1/20

seconds

display

Button (A) Button (A)

Button (A) depressed continuously

Button (A)

While button (B) is pressed

Function hand (chronograph minutes/chronograph 1/20 seconds)

Chronograph 1/20 second display

Chronograph second hand

3736

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to align the mode hand to [L-TM] (local time). (1) Pull the crown out to Position 2

(local time correction position).

· The second hand turns continuously and stops at the daylight savings time ON or OFF position.

(2) Turn the crown to set the hour and

minute hands to the local time.

A Turning the crown to the right (by 1 click) causes the hour and minute hands and

the 24 hour hand to advance by 1 hour.

B Turning the crown to the left (by 1 click) causes the hour and minute hands and 24

hour hand to go back by 1 hour.

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by 2 clicks or more) causes the hour and

minute hands and the 24 hour hand to move continuously.

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous movement of the hands.

· The date and day also change corresponding to the calendar and local time.

Mode switching position

Local time correction position

Mode hand

Button (A)

Daylight savings time ON/OFF position

8. Setting Local Time and Daylight Savings Time

· The local time function lets you set the watch to a time in a different area from the time set in the time mode [TME].

· The time difference can be made in 1 hour units.

· The local time can be set over a range of ±26 hours based on the time mode [TME].

· Daylight savings time can also be set. The time in this case can be set over a range of

-25 to +27 hours.

[Note] The times cannot be set beyond the above ranges. In addition, daylight

savings time must be switched on and off manually. It cannot be switched automatically by receiving radio waves.

OFF

100

250

120

180

140

3938

The daylight savings time setting is displayed for about 10 seconds as either ON or OFF when the crown is returned to the normal position or when button (A) is pressed while the crown is at Position 1 in the local time mode (L-TM).

· The second hand indicates ON when daylight savings time has been set.

· The second hand indicates OFF when daylight savings time has not been set.

[Note] Set the local time correctly by checking AM and PM with the 24 hour hand.

(3) Return the crown to the normal position. This completes the procedure for

correcting the local time.

Perform the following steps while the local time is already displayed. (1) Pull the crown out to Position 2 (local time correction position).

· The second turns continuously, and then stops at the daylight savings time ON or

OFF position.

(2) Press button (A) to change the daylight

savings time setting.

· Each time button (A) is pressed, a

confirmatory tone sounds and ON or OFF can be selected for daylight savings time. The time advances by 1 hour if daylight savings time has been set to ON.

(3) Return the crown to the normal position.

This completes the procedure for setting daylight savings time.

100

OFF

Second hand

[Daylight Savings Time

ON/OFF Setting]

OFFON

40 41

(1) When the crown is pulled out to Position 2 (alarm time correction position), the

second hand stops at the ON or OFF position.

· Press button (A) to move the second hand to the alarm ON position.

· Each time button (A) is pressed, a confirmatory tone sounds and the alarm setting switches between ON and OFF. The setting can be changed while the crown is in the normal position or when pulled out to Position 1.

(2) Turn the crown to set the correct alarm time while checking AM and PM with the 24

hour hand.

A Turning the crown to the right (by 1 click) causes the minute hand and hour hand

to advance by 1 minute.

B Turning the crown to the left (by 1 click) causes the minute hand and hour hand to

go back by 1 minute.

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by 2 clicks or more) causes the hour and minute hands to move continuously.

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous movement of the hands.

(3) Push in the crown to Position 1 to return the watch to previously used mode. (4) Return the crown to the normal position. This completes the procedure for setting

the alarm time.

9. Using the Alarm

· The alarm function uses a 24 hour clock. Once the alarm has been set, the alarm sounds for 15 seconds when the set time is reached once a day.

· The alarm can be used in the time mode as well as the local time and calendar modes. The alarm does not sound when the watch is in another mode. Furthermore, press button (A) or (B) to stop the alarm tone from sounding before 15 seconds have elapsed.

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to align the mode hand at [ALM] (alarm).

· The hour hand and minute hand

display the previously set alarm time.

Mode switching position

Alarm time correction position

Mode hand

Button (A)

Alarm ON/OFF position

Button (B)

OFF

100

250

120

180

140

4342

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to align the mode hand to [TME] (time). (1) Pull the crown out to Position 2 (time correction position).

· The second hand turns continuously and stops at the daylight savings time ON or OFF position.

(2) Press button (B) for about 2 seconds.

· When button (B) has been pressed for 2 seconds or more, the second hand advances (clockwise direction) to the 0 seconds position. Release your finger from button (B) once the second hand has stopped at the 0 seconds position.

(3) Turn the crown to align the minute hand, hour hand and 24 hour hand at the current time.

A Turning the crown to the right (by one click) causes the minute hand, hour hand and 24

hour hand to advance by one minute.

B Turning the crown to the left (by one click) causes the minute hand, hour hand and 24

hour hand to go back by one minute.

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by two clicks or more) causes the minute hand, hour hand and 24 hour hand to move continuously.

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous movement of the hands.

· Check AM and PM with the 24 hour hand to set the time correctly.

(4) Return the crown to the normal position in synchronization with a telephone time signal

or other time service. This completes the time correction procedure.

10. Manually Setting the Time and Daylight Savings Time

· The time can be set manually when radio waves are unable to be received.

· Daylight savings time is switched on or off automatically when radio waves have been received. Furthermore, remove the watch from your wrist before receiving radio waves to ensure that the time is set correctly.

A. Setting the Time

(The same time is displayed at the three locations of the TME mode. It is only necessary to set the time at one of these locations.)

[Normal Hand Movement]

Crown at normal position

[Mode Correction]

Crown at Position 1

[Time Correction]

Crown at Position 2

Mode switching position

Button (A)

Button (B)

Time correction position

250

OFF

120

180

140

250

OFF

120

180

140

250

OFF

120

180

140

44 45

· The second hand indicates ON when daylight savings time has been set.

· The second hand indicates OFF when daylight savings time has not been set.

B. Setting Daylight Savings Time

Perform the following steps while the time mode is already displayed. (1) Pull the crown out to Position 2 (time correction position).

· The second turns continuously, and then stops at the daylight savings time ON or OFF position.

(2) Press button (A) to change the daylight savings time setting.

· Each time button (A) is pressed, a confirmatory tone sounds and ON or OFF can be selected for daylight savings time. The time advances by 1 hour if daylight savings time has been set to ON.

(3) Return the crown to the normal position.

This completes the procedure for setting daylight savings time.

100

OFF

Second hand

[Daylight Savings Time

ON/OFF Setting]

OFFON

4746

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn the crown to align the mode hand at CAL (calendar). (1) Pull the crown out to Position 2

(date correction position).

· After the second hand turns continuously, it moves from the month display/leap year from the elapsed years position, indicating that the watch is in the month/elapsed years correction mode.

(2) Turn the crown to the right to align the second hand at the month and number of

years elapsed from the most recent leap year. The second hand cannot be aligned by turning the crown to the left.

A Turn the crown to the right (by one click) to align the second hand at the position

corresponding to the month and number of years elapsed from the most recent leap year.

Second hand (month display/elapsed years)

Button (A)

Mode switching position

Date correction position

Date

Mode hand

Day

Function hand

11. Manually Setting the Date

· This watch is equipped with a perpetual calendar that changes the year (number of elapsed years from the most recent leap year), month, date and day automatically through February 28, 2100 once the date has been set.

Each time button (A) is pressed, the corrected location changes repeatedly in the order of Month/No. of years elapsed from most recent leap year c Date c Day.

Month/No. of years elapsed

from most recent leap year

Date Day

Button (A) Button (A)

Button (A)

[Change in Corrected Location]

100

250

120

180

140

48 49

[Reading the Number of Elapsed Years]

Leap year: Starting point of each month zone 1st year after most recent leap year : 1st graduation of each month zone 2nd year after most recent leap year :2nd graduation of each month zone 3rd year after most recent leap year :3rd graduation of each month zone

Year 2004 2005 2006 2007

Elapsed year

Leap year

1st year 2nd year 3rd year

Year 2008 2009 2010 2011

Elapsed year

Leap year

1st year

2nd year

3rd year

Examples:

· January of current leap year : Align the second hand to the 5 seconds position.

· April of 3rd year from most recent leap year : Align the second hand to the 23 seconds position.

[Reading the Month]

January zone : Between 1:00 and 2:00 February zone : Between 2:00 and 3:00

: :

December zone :

Between 12:00 and 1:00

Leap year

January zone

February zone

April zone

Position of the second hand that indicates April in the second year from the most recent leap year

1st year

2nd year

January

3rd year

Leap year

February

1st year

2nd year

3rd year

2nd year

3rd year

Leap year

1st year

April

50 51

(7) Return the crown to the normal position. This completes the correction procedure.

The date is automatically changed to the first day of the following month when the crown is returned to the normal position from the date correction mode. The date is displayed as shown below if the date should happen to be mistakenly set to a nonexistent date.

Examples:

Regular year : February 29, 30 or 31 c March 1 Regular year : April 31 c May 1

Leap year : February 30 or 31 c March 1

Furthermore, since the set day will be displayed for the day, correct the day as necessary.

(3) Press button (A).

· The function hand moves back and forth for one revolution after which the watch enters the date correction mode.

(4) Turn the crown to the set the date.

A When the crown is turned to the right (by one click), the function hand makes five

revolutions in the clockwise direction and the date advances by one day.

B When the crown is turned to the left (by one click), the function hand makes five

revolutions in the counter-clockwise direction and the date goes back by one day.

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by two clicks or more) causes the date to be corrected continuously.

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous correction of the date.

(5) Press button (A).

· The function hand moves back and forth for half a revolution and stops at the day position indicating that the watch is in the day correction mode.

(6) Turn the crown to set the day.

A Turning the crown o the right (by one click) causes the day to change in the order

of SUN c MON c

· · ·

FRI c SAT and then back to SUN.

B Turning the crown to the left changes the day in the reverse order of SUN c SAT

· · ·

TUE c MON and then back to SUN.

(2) Return the crown to the normal position.

· The second hand moves to the reference position (0:00) and stops.

If the reference positions of each hand are properly displayed as described above, pull the crown out to Position 1 and return the watch to the mode in which it was previously being used.

· 24 hour hand: 24 hours 0 minutes

· Hour hand, minute hand: 0 hours 0 minutes

· Second hand: 0 seconds

· Function hand: MON

· Date: Between 31st and 1st

* If the display of the watch is not as

shown above, perform Reference Position Correction described in the following section.

5352

Mode switching position

Reference position correction position

Button (A)

Button (B)

[Correct Reference Position of Each Hand]

12. Checking and Correcting the Reference Position

The reference position may shift if the watch is placed in environment in which it is subject to strong impacts or magnetism from the outside. If the watch is used while shifted from the reference position, the time, calendar, alarm and other modes will not function properly. If this happens, check the reference position and correct as necessary.

A. Checking the Reference Position

(1) Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn the crown to align the mode hand at a0b

(reference position).

· The second hand advances (clockwise direction) to the 30 seconds position.

· The 24 hour hand, hour hand and minute hand move forward (clockwise) or backward (counter-clockwise) to the reference position (0 hours 0 minutes 0 seconds) and stop.

· The date displays an intermediate location between the 31st and 1st, and the function hand moves to MON and stops.

100

250

120

180

140

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous movement of the second hand.

· The second hand cannot be aligned at the reference position by turning the crown to the left.

(2) Press button (A).

· After the hour and minute hands move back and forth, the hour hand and minute hand enter the correction mode.

(3) Turn the crown to align the hour hand and minute hand at "0 hours 0 minutes". Since the

24 hour hand moves in coordination with the hour hand, align the 24 hour hand at 24 hours (12:00 AM).

A Turning the crown to the right (by one click) causes the hour hand and minute hand to

advance by 1/4 minute (turning by four clicks causes it to advance by one minute).

B Turn the crown to the left (by one click) to turn back the hour hand and minute hand

by 1/4 minute (turning by four clicks causes it to go back by one minute).

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by two clicks or more) causes the hour hand and minute hand to move continuously.

· Turn the crown to the left or right to interrupt continuous movement of the hands.

5554

B. Correcting the Reference Position

· The reference position is corrected by repeatedly changing the corrected location in

the order of seconds c hour/minute hands c date (function hand turns) each time button (A) is pressed.

Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to align the mode hand at a0b (reference position). When the crown is then pulled out to Position 2, the second hand advances continuously and then stops to indicate that the watch has entered the reference position correction mode. (1) Turn the crown to align the second hand at the reference position (0:00).

A Turning the crown to the right (by one click) causes the second hand to advance by one

second.

· Turning the crown continuously (rapidly by two clicks or more) causes the second hand to move continuously.

Seconds

Hour /

minute hands

Date

(function hand)

Button (A) Button (A)

Button (A)

[Change in Corrected Location]

Date changes to the 1st after the function hand makes five revolutions

(4) Press button (A).

· The function hand moves back and forth and then enters the date correction mode.

(5) Turn the crown to rotate the function hand and align the date between

the 31st and 1st, and then turn the crown to align the function hand at MON.

A Turn the crown continuously to the right (rapidly by two clicks or

more).

· The function hand makes five revolutions in the clockwise direction and the date changes to the 1st.

B Continue to rotate the function hand until the date reaches the 31st. C Turn the crown to the left or right by one click to interrupt

movement of the function hand when the date has changed to the 31st.

D Rotate the function hand while turning the crown to the right one

click at a time, and after confirming that the date has reached an intermediate location between the 1st and 31st, always make sure to then align the function hand at the MON position.

(6) Return the crown to the normal position. This completes the reference position

correction procedure.

· After correcting the reference position, always make sure to set the mode to the TME (time) mode and reset the watch to the correct time by Free Reception.

56 57

13. Photoelectric Power Generation Function

This watch uses a secondary battery to store electrical energy. Once fully charged, it will continue to keep the correct time for about 6 months during normal use (when the Power Save function is not activated). Furthermore, the watch will keep the correct time for about 1 year when the Power Save function is activated.

<For Optimum Use of this Watch>

In order to use this watch comfortably, try to keep the watch charged at all times. Charge the watch by exposing the watch dial (containing the solar cell) to direct sunlight or light from a fluorescent lamp.

<Try to Keep the Watch Charged at all Times>

· If you usually wear long sleeves, the fabric may cover the watch and prevent it from being exposed to light resulting in the watch becoming insufficiently charged. Try to kept the watch charged especially during winter months.

· When the watch is removed, try to place it next to a window or other location that allows the dial to be exposed to sunlight. This will enable charging to continue and allow the watch to continue to run properly at all times.

[Position of Function Hand]

[Position of

Date Display]

5958

14. Unique Functions of Solar-Powered Watches

When the watch becomes insufficiently charged, the display changes as shown below.

[Normal Display] [Recovery Automatic Reception]

[Insufficient Charge Warning Display]

When reception

is successful*2

Radio waves are

automatically

received once

If insufficient charge warning (second hand two-second interval movement) continues for 4 days or more

When sufficiently charged by exposing the dial (solar cell) to light*1

Watch stops due to being insufficiently

charged

When the watch becomes insufficiently charged due to not exposing the dial (solar cell) to light

*1: If the watch has stopped as a result of being insufficiently charged, a minimum of about 30 minutes

are required until recovery automatic reception even if the watch is exposed to light.

*2: If recovery automatic reception has failed, the watch begins to run after returning to the time when

the watch stopped as a result of being insufficiently charged. In this case, although the second hand moves at one second intervals, since the time is incorrect, first set the time manually or by free reception before using the watch.

When charged

Two-second interval movement

Second hand begins twosecond interval movement

120

250

180

140

100

O N

100

120

250

180

140

100

120

250

180

140

A. Power Save Function

<Power Save>

When the solar cell is continuously not exposed to light for 30 minutes or more, the second hand stops at the 12:00 position and the watch enters the Power Save mode (to reduce power consumption).

· Other hands continue to move normally.

· Regular automatic reception is still performed at 3:00 AM or 4:00 AM.

· The watch enters the power save mode if it is not exposed to light even while the insufficient charge warning function is activated (two-second interval movement).

<Canceling Power Save>

The power save function is canceled automatically when the solar cell is exposed to light.

· When the power save function is canceled, the second hand advances to return to the current time and begins one-second interval movement.

· Two-second interval movement begins if the watch is insufficiently charged. When this happens, sufficiently charge the watch so that it returns to one-second interval movement.

[Note]

· Although regular automatic reception is performed while the watch is in the Power Save mode, radio waves may not be able to be received depending on the storage environment. Check the reception result by pressing button (B) after the Power Save function has been canceled. If the reception result is "NO", perform free reception before using.

B. Insufficient Charge Warning Function

The second hand changes from one-second interval movement to two-second interval movement. After about 4 days have passed since the start of two-second interval movement, the watch stops as a result of being insufficiently charged.

[Power Save Mode]

Two-second interval

movement

OFF

100

140

120

250

180

OFF

100

120

140

250

180

15. General Reference for Charging Times of Solar-Powered Watches

The time required for charging varies according to the model of the watch (color of the dial, etc.). The following times are shown below to serve only as a reference.

· Charging time refers to the amount of time the watch is continuously exposed to light.

Illuminance

(lx)

500

1,000

60-70 cm (24-28 in.) under a fluorescent lamp (30 W)

2 hours 20 hours

······

40 minutes 6.5 hours 150 hours

12 minutes 2.5 hours 45 hours

2 minutes 45 minutes 9 hours

20 cm (8 in.) under a fluorescent lamp (30 W)

Outdoors, cloudy

Outdoors, summer, under direct sunlight

3,000

10,000

100,000

Environment

Interior lighting

Charging time

4 hours 45 hours

Charging time

from stopped state

to one-second

interval movement

Charging time to

fully charged

······

Charging time for

1 day of operation

[Note] During two-second interval movement: (1) The time cannot be corrected by regular automatic or free reception, and the time

cannot be corrected manually.

(2) Only the time mode is displayed, and other modes cannot be used.

C. Overcharging Prevention Function

When the secondary battery becomes fully charged by exposing the solar cell to light, the overcharging prevention function is activated automatically to prevent the battery from being charged further. There is no effect on the secondary battery, timekeeping accuracy, watch functions or performance no matter how much the watch is charged.

16. Solar-Powered Watch Handling Precautions

CAUTION Charging Precautions

· Charging the watch at high temperatures can cause deformation or discoloration of external components as well as a malfunction of the components of the movement.

· Avoid charging the watch at high temperatures (about 60°C/ 140°F or higher). Examples:

· Charging by placing the watch too close to a light source that may become hot such as an incandescent lamp or halogen lamp.

· Charging by placing the watch on an automobile dashboard that can easily reach a high temperature.

· When charging the watch with an incandescent lamp, halogen lamp or other light source that may reach a high temperature, always make sure to place the watch at least 50 cm (20 in.) away from the light source to prevent the watch from reaching a high temperature.

Charging time for 1 day of operation: Time required for charging the watch to run for 1

day with normal hand movement.

Charging time to fully charged: Time required for charging the watch from the stopped

state when insufficiently charged to fully charged

[Note]

Once fully charged, the watch has a continuous operating time of about six months without further charging. When the Power Save function has been activated, the watch will continue to keep time for about one year. However, if the watch stops running as a result of being insufficiently charged, since a considerable amount of time is required to charge so that it starts running again as is indicated in the table, try to charge the watch everyday. It is recommended to charge the watch at least once a month by exposing to direct sunlight.

66 67

WARNING Handling the Secondary Battery

· Never attempt to remove the energy storage cell from the watch. If the energy storage cell must unavoidably be removed, store it out of the reach of small children to prevent accidental swallowing.

· If the energy storage cell should happen to be swallowed, consult a physician immediately and seek medical attention.

WARNING Replacing the Energy Storage Cell

· Although it is not usually necessary to replace the secondary battery, there may be rare cases in which it becomes necessary due to a problem with the secondary battery. If it becomes necessary to replace the secondary battery, please have it replaced promptly.

17. Using the Tachymeter (When Provided)

The tachymeter feature is used to measure traveling speed such as that of an automobile. In the case of this watch, the average speed can be approximately determined for a certain distance by measuring how many seconds it takes to travel 1 kilometer (measuring range: maximum 60 seconds). To determine average speed, start the chronograph simultaneous to the start of measurement. Stop the chronograph when the vehicle has traveled 1 kilometer. An approximation of the average speed over that distance can be determined by the position of the chronograph second hand at that time.

Example:

If it takes 45 seconds to travel 1 kilometer, then the average speed over that distance is 80 kilometers/hour.

Chronograph second hand

Tachymeter

120

6968

18. Troubleshooting

Try checking the following when you think a problem has occurred.

Problem Check Items Corrective Actions

Watch does not begin reception

· Is the watch in the time mode (TME) or local time mode (LTM)?

· Does the second hand move to "RX: Reception standby"?

· Pull the crown out to Position 1 and turn to set the mode to the time mode or local time mode.

· Continuously depress button (B) and release when the second hand points to the RX position.

Unable to receive radio waves (even within a receivable area)

· Are there objects that block radio waves or generate noise nearby?

· Are radio waves attempted to be received away from a window?

· Try receiving radio waves while facing the 6:00 position of the watch towards a window while avoiding objects that block radio waves or generate noise. Try changing the direction, location and angle of the watch several times so that the second hand points to a reception level to find the location at which radio waves are received easily. (Refer to the sections entitled, "For Good Reception" and "Locations where Reception may be Difficult" of this manual.

Unable to receive radio waves even though second hand points to RX

· Is the second hand indicating a reception level of H, M or L even during reception?

· Wait until reception is completed (until the second returns to one-second interval movement)

Time does not match telephone time service even though radio waves can be received

· Has the reference position been set correctly?

· Check the reference position. If the reference position is not correct, refer to the section entitled, "Correcting the Reference Position" of this manual and reset the reference position.

7170

NO NO NO NO

OK NO NO NO

OK OK NO NO

Moderate exposure to

water (washing, kitchen

work, swimming, etc.)

Marine sports

(skin diving)

Scuba diving

(with air tank)

Examples of use

For correct use within the design limits of the watch, confirm the level of waterresistance of your watch, as indicated on the dial and case, and consult the table.

Minor exposure to water

(washing face, rain, etc.)

Indication

WATER RESIST

or no indication

WATER

RESIST(ANT)

Water-resistant to

3 atmospheres

WR 50 or WATER

RESIST 50

WATER RESIST(ANT) 5 bar or WATER RESIST(ANT)

Water-resistant to

5 atmospheres

WR 100/200 or

WATER RESIST

100/200

WATER RESIST(ANT)

10bar/20 bar or

WATER RESIST(ANT)

Water-resistant to

10/20 atmospheres

Dial

Case

(case back)

Specifications

19. Precautions

WARNING: Water-resistance performance

There are several types of water-resistant watches, as shown in the following table.

The unit "bar" is roughly equal to 1 atmosphere. * WATER RESIST(ANT) xx bar may also be indicated as

W.R. xx bar.

Operation of the

crown or button

with moisture visible

72 73

WARNING:

Water-resistance performance

• Water-resistance for daily use (to 3 atmospheres): This type of watch is water-resistant to minor exposure to water. For example, you may wear the watch while washing your face; however, it is not designed for use underwater.

• Upgraded water-resistance for daily use (to 5 atmospheres): This type of watch is waterresistant to moderate exposure to water. You may wear the watch while swimming; however, it is not designed for use while skin diving.

• Upgraded water-resistance for daily use (to 10/20 atmospheres): This type of watch may be used for skin diving; however, it is not designed for scuba or saturated diving using helium gas.

CAUTION

• Be sure to use the watch with the crown pressed in (normal position). If your watch has a screw-lock type crown, be sure to tighten the crown completely.

• Do NOT operate the crown or button with wet fingers or when the watch is wet. Water may enter the watch and compromise water-resistance.

• If the watch is used in seawater, rinse with fresh water afterward and wipe with a dry cloth.

• If moisture has entered the watch, or if the inside of the crystal is fogged up and does not become clear within a day, immediately take the watch to your dealer or Citizen Service Center for repair. Leaving the watch in such a state will allow corrosion to form inside.

• If seawater enters the watch, place the watch in a box or plastic bag and immediately take it in for repair. Otherwise, pressure inside the watch will increase, and parts (crystal, crown, buttons, etc.) may come off.

CAUTION: Keep your watch clean.

• Leaving dust and dirt deposited between the case and crown may result in difficulty in pulling the crown out. Rotate the crown while in its normal position, from time to time, to loosen dust and dirt and then brush it off.

• Dust and dirt tend to be deposited in gaps in the back of the case or band. Deposited dust and dirt may cause corrosion and soil your clothing. Clean the watch occasionally.

Cleaning the Watch

• Use a soft cloth to wipe off dirt, perspiration and water from the case and crystal .

• Use a soft, dry cloth to wipe off perspiration and dirt from the leather band.

• To clean a metal, plastic, or rubber watchband, wash away dirt with mild soap and water. Use a soft brush to remove dust and dirt jammed in the gaps in the metal band. If your watch is not water-resistant, take it to your dealer.

NOTE: Avoid using solvents (thinner, benzine, etc.), as they may damage the finish.

74 75

CAUTION:

Operating environment

• Use the watch within the operating-temperature range specified in the instruction manual. Using the watch where temperatures are outside the specified range, may result in deterioration of functions or even stoppage of the watch.

• Do NOT use the watch in places where it is exposed to high temperature, such as in a sauna. Doing so may result in a skin burn.

• Do NOT leave the watch in a place where it is exposed to high temperature, such as the glove compartment or dash-board of a car. Doing so may result in deterioration of the watch, such as deformation of plastic parts.

• Do NOT place the watch close to a magnet. Timekeeping will become inaccurate if you place the watch close to magnetic health equipment such as a magnetic necklace or a magnetic latch of a refrigerator door or handbag clasp or the earphone of a mobile phone. If this has occurred, move the watch away from the magnet and reset the time.

• Do NOT place the watch close to household appliances that generate static electricity. Timekeeping may become inaccurate if the watch is exposed to strong static electricity, such as is emitted from a TV screen.

• Do NOT subject the watch to a strong shock such as dropping it onto a hard floor.

• Avoid using the watch in an environment where it may be exposed to chemicals or corrosive gases.

If solvents, such as thinner and benzine, or substances containing such solvents come in contact with the watch, discoloration, melting, cracking, etc. may result. If the watch comes in contact with mercury used in thermometers, the case, band or other parts may become discolored.

Periodical inspections

Your watch needs inspection once in every two or three years for safety and long use. To keep your watch water-resistant, the packing needs to be replaced regularly. Other parts need to be inspected and replaced if necessary. Ask for Citizen geuine parts upon replacement.

76 77

20. Specifications

1. Model: E67*

2. Type: Analog solar-powered watch

3. Timekeeping accuracy: Within ±15 seconds per month on average (when worn at

normal temperatures of +5°C to +35°C / 41°F to 95°F and when not receiving radio waves)

4. Operating temperature range: -10°C to +60°C / 14°F to 140°F

5. Display functions:

• Time: Hours, minutes, seconds, daylight savings time

• Calendar: Years elapsed from most recent leap year, month, date, day

6. Additional functions:

• Radio wave receiving function (regular automatic reception, free reception, recovery automatic reception)

• Reception status display function (RX)

• Reception level display function (H, M, L)

• Reception result confirmation function (H, M, L, NO)

• Chronograph function (60 minute timing, 1/20 second units)

• Local time function (time difference correction: 1 hour units, daylight savings time ON/OFF function)

• Reference position confirmation function

• Alarm function (24 hour clock alarm)

• Photoelectric power generation function

• Power save function

• Insufficient charge warning function

• Overcharging prevention function

7. Continuous operation times:

• Time until watch stops without charging after being fully charged

: Approx. 1 year (when power save function is operating) : Approx. 6 months (when power save function is not operating)

• Insufficient charge warning display to stopped: Approx. 4 days

(Continuous operation times may vary depending on the conditions of use.)

8. Battery: Secondary battery, 1 pc.

* Specifications are subject to change without notice.

CITIZEN E670 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

CONTENTS

1. Features

2. Operating the Crown

3. Before Using

A. Radio Wave Receiving Function

<For Good Reception>

<Time Required for Receiving Radio Waves>

<Locations where Reception may be Difficult>

4. Receiving Radio Waves

A. Position of the Second Hand During Reception

B. Confirmation of Reception Result

C. Reception Level and Reception Result

D. General Reference for Receiving Areas

5. List of Functions Assigned to Mode Hand

6. Switching the Mode

7. Using the Chronograph

8. Setting Local Time and Daylight Savings Time

9. Using the Alarm

10. Manually Setting the Time and Daylight Savings Time

B. Setting Daylight Savings Time

11. Manually Setting the Date

12. Checking and Correcting the Reference Position

A. Checking the Reference Position

B. Correcting the Reference Position

13. Photoelectric Power Generation Function

<For Optimum Use of this Watch>

<Try to Keep the Watch Charged at all Times>

14. Unique Functions of Solar-Powered Watches

A. Power Save Function

<Power Save>

<Canceling Power Save>

B. Insufficient Charge Warning Function

15. General Reference for Charging Times of Solar-Powered Watches

C. Overcharging Prevention Function

16. Solar-Powered Watch Handling Precautions

CAUTION Charging Precautions

WARNING Handling the Secondary Battery

WARNING Replacing the Energy Storage Cell

17. Using the Tachymeter (When Provided)

18. Troubleshooting

19. Precautions

20. Specifications