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CHAPTER
1
Product Overview
This chapter provides an overview of the Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816
Router. It contains physical descriptions of the router hardware and major
components, as well as functional descriptions of the hardware-related features.
Physical and Functional Description of Router
The Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router chassis is a sheet-metal
enclosure that houses router components. The major components consist of three
power supplies, upper and lower line card cages, a switch fabric card cage, and
upper and lower blower modules. Power is distributed to these components over
the chassis backplane.
All router models contain the following major components (Figure 1-1):
• Power shelf and power supplies—Three AC or DC power entry modules
(PEMs) provide power to the router. See the “AC and DC Power Subsystems”
section on page 1-4 for additional information.
• Upper blower module—Supplies cooling air to the upper half of the router so
it does not overheat. See the “Blower Module” section on page 1-36 for
additional information.
• Upper and lower cable management brackets—Used to neatly route line card
cables. See the “Upper and Lower Cable Management Brackets” section on
page 1-36 for additional information.
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• Upper Line card and Route Processor card cage—Has 8 user-configurable
slots that support a combination of line cards, a route processor (RP), and an
alarm card. See the “Alarm Card and Line Card Overview” section on
page 1-18 for additional information.
• Switch fabric card cage—Located behind the air filter door, this card cage
contains 5 slots for the switch fabric card set. The switch fabric card set is
made up of 3 switch fabric cards (SFCs) and 2 clock scheduler cards (CSCs).
See the “Switch Fabric Overview” section on page 1-16 for additional
information.
• Lower Line card and Route Processor card cage—Has 8 user-configurable
slots that support a combination of line cards, a redundant route processor
(RP), and an alarm card. See the “Alarm Card and Line Card Overview”
section on page 1-18 for additional information.
• Lower blower module—Supplies cooling air to the lower half of the router so
it does not overheat. See the “Blower Module” section on page 1-36 for
additional information.
• Chassis backplane (not shown)—Distributes power to card cages and to the
blower modules.
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Chapter 1 Product Overview
Physical and Functional Description of Router
Figure 1-1 Cisco XR 12016 Router Components—Front View
Switch fabric
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Physical and Functional Description of Router
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AC and DC Power Subsystems
A router ships with either an AC or DC powered system. Source power connects
to the power shelf at the back of the chassis which route power to the power
supplies, also referred to as power entry modules (PEMs).
Standard AC Power Shelf
The standard AC-input power subsystem consists of a single-level AC-input
power shelf that house three AC power supplies which supply full redundant
power to the router.
The power supplies participate in an N+1 redundant current-sharing scheme that
is divided among all three power supplies. If one power supply fails, the system
can continue to operate temporarily, (depending on your system configuration)
with the remaining two power supplies. Failed power supplies should be replaced
as soon as possible to ensure full redundancy.
Caution To ensure that the chassis configuration complies with the required power
budgets, use the on-line power calculator. Failure to properly verify the
configuration may result in an unpredictable state if one of the power units fails.
Contact your local sales representative for assistance.
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Physical and Functional Description of Router
Figure 1-2 Standard AC-Input Power Subsystem
Caution A router equipped with the standard AC power subsystem must be operated with
three power supplies installed in the power shelf at all times for electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC).
AC power to the router is provided through power cords connected from AC
power outlets to connectors on back of the power shelf as shown in Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3 Standard Power Shelf AC-Input Connections
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Optional AC Power Shelf
The power subsystem consists of a double-level AC-input power shelf with bays
for 4 AC-input power supplies. Figure 1-4 shows the optional power shelf. It
attaches to the top of the router chassis and is secured to the chassis the same way
as the standard AC-input power shelf.
Note A router equipped with the optional AC-input power subsystem stands 77.5 inches
(196.85 cm) tall and does not fit in a standard 7-foot (2.1 m) rack.
The 4 power supplies in the optional power shelf participate in an N+2 redundant
current-sharing scheme in which current sharing is divided among all 4 power
supplies. Up to two power supplies can fail and the system can continue to operate
temporarily, (depending on your system configuration) using the remaining two
power supplies. Failed supplies should be replaced as soon as possible to ensure
full redundancy.
Caution To ensure that the chassis configuration complies with the required power
budgets, use the on-line power calculator. Failure to properly verify the
configuration may result in an unpredictable state if one of the power units fails.
Contact your local sales representative for assistance.
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Physical and Functional Description of Router
Figure 1-4 Optional AC-Input Power Subsystem
Caution A router equipped with the optional AC power subsystem must be operated with
4 power supplies installed in the power shelf at all times for electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC).
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AC power to the router is provided through power cords connected from AC
power outlets to the connectors on the back of the power shelf as shown in
Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-5 Optional Power Shelf AC-Input Connections
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Chapter 1 Product Overview
Physical and Functional Description of Router
AC Power Supplies
Each AC PEM converts 200 to 240 VAC into -48 VDC, which is distributed
through the chassis backplane to all cards, RPs, and the blower modules.
Figure 1-6 identifies the components of a 2500 W AC power supply.
Figure 1-6 2500 W AC Power Supply Components
1 Ejector handle 2 Captive screw
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The status LEDs on an AC PEM provide information about the current operational
status of the power supply:
• PWR OK (green)—Indicates that the power supply module is operating
normally.
• FAULT (yellow)—Indicates that a fault is detected within the PEM.
• TEMP (yellow)—Indicates the PEM is in an overtemperature condition and
shutdown has occurred.
• ILMI (yellow)—Indicates the PEM is operating in a current-limiting
condition.
For additional information about troubleshooting AC PEMs, see the
“Troubleshooting an AC Power Supply” section on page 4-5.
DC Power Shelf
A DC-input power subsystem consists of a DC-input power shelf that houses 4
DC PEMs that provide full redundant power to the router. Figure 1-7 shows a
DC-input power shelf.
The chassis is electrically divided between the PEMS. These sections are referred
to as power zones and are labeled accordingly:
• Two PEMs power the upper card cage (Zone 1)
• Two PEMs power the lower card cage (Zone 2)
Each zone provides power to one blower, one alarm card, line cards and route
processor cards.
Zone 2 also supplies power to all switch fabric cards. The result is that there is
less power available for line cards in Zone 2, limiting the number of high-powered
line cards that can be configured in the lower cage.
Caution To ensure that the chassis configuration complies with the required power
budgets, contact your sales representative to provide you with the required power
calculator. Failure to properly verify the configuration may result in an
unpredictable state if one of the power units fails.
Contact your local sales representative for assistance.
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Physical and Functional Description of Router
In the DC-input power configuration:
• Modules A1 and B1 provide redundant power for system load zone 1 (the
upper blower module and the upper card cage).
• Modules A2 and B2 provide redundant power for system load zone 2 (the
switch fabric card cage, the lower card cage, and the lower blower module).
Figure 1-7 DC-Input Power Shelf
Caution A router configured for source DC operation must be operated with 4 DC-input
PEMs installed at all times for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
Note DC PEMs support online insertion and removal (OIR) which means that you can
remove and replace one PEM in each load zone (A1 or B1; A2 or B2) while the
system remains powered on.
DC power to the router is provided from cables from a DC power source that are
connected to threaded terminal studs on the back of the DC-input power shelf as
shown in Figure 1-8.
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Figure 1-8 DC-Input Power Shelf Connections
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Physical and Functional Description of Router
DC Power Supplies
Each DC PEM operates from a nominal source DC voltage of –48 to –60 VDC
and requires a dedicated 60 amp service.
Figure 1-9 identifies the components of a 2400 W DC power supply.
Figure 1-9 2400 W DC Power Supply Components
1 Handle 3 Ejector lever
2 Fan 4 Power switch
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Chassis Card Cages
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The status LEDs on a DC PEM provide information about the current operational
status of the power supply:
• PWR OK (green)—Indicates that the power supply module is operating
normally.
• FAULT (yellow)—Indicates that a fault is detected within the PEM.
• TEMP (yellow)—Indicates the PEM is in an overtemperature condition and
shutdown has occurred.
For additional information about troubleshooting DC PEMs, see the
“Troubleshooting a DC Power Supply” section on page 4-10.
Chassis Card Cages
There are three integral card cages in the chassis: the upper card cage, the lower
card cage, and the switch fabric card cage (see Figure 1-1).
Upper Card Cage
The upper card cage has eight user-configurable slots that support a combination
of line cards, an alarm card, and an RP.
• Alarm—The far left slot is a dedicated slot for an alarm card.
• Slots 0 through 6—Can be populated with any line cards supported by the
router.
• Slot 7—The far right slot is reserved for the RP.
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Chassis Card Cages
Lower Card Cage
The lower card cage also has eight user-configurable slots that support additional
line cards, an alarm card, and an optional, redundant RP.
Note The lower card cage is an inverted, or head-down, copy of the upper card cage,
which means that cards are installed in an inverted or head-down orientation. The
orientation of the slots is opposite that of the upper card cage.
• Slot 8—The far left slot is reserved for an optional redundant RP.
Note This slot may be used for a line card if you are not using an redundant RP.
• Slots 9 through 15—Can be populated with any line cards supported by the
router.
• Alarm—The far right slot is a dedicated slot for an alarm card.
Switch Fabric Card Cage
The router ships from the factory with 2 CSCs and 3 SFCs installed in five of the
eight slots in the switch fabric card cage.
• The 2 CSCs are installed in slot 0 (CSC0) or slot 1 (CSC1)
• The 3 SFCs are installed in slot 2 (SFC0), slot 3 (SFC1), and slot 4 (SFC2).
• Three non-working slots with no backplane connectors. These non-working
slots are not labeled, but there is a blank filler panel installed in the far left
slot to help maintain proper air flow through the chassis.
Caution Do not remove the blank filler panel unless instructed to do so by a Cisco support
representative.
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Switch Fabric Overview
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Switch Fabric Overview
The switch fabric provides synchronized gigabit-speed connections between line
cards and the RP. The switch fabric card cage is located behind the air filter door
and consists of 2 clock and scheduler cards (CSCs) and 3 switch fabric cards
(SFCs). One CSC and the 3 SFCs are the active switch fabric; the second CSC
provides redundancy for the other 4 cards.
Note 10-Gbps switch fabrics do not operate in 1/4-bandwidth mode as they did in some
earlier models of the Cisco 12000 series routers. You must have at least one CSC
and three SFCs for the system to function. You can add an additional CSC for
redundancy.
Each SFC or CSC provides 10-Gbps full-duplex connection to each line card in
the system. For example, in a Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router with
16 line cards, each with 2 x 10 Gbps capacity (full duplex), the system switching
bandwidth is 16x 20 Gbps = 320 Gbps.
Note The Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Routers support online insertion and
removal (OIR), which allows you to remove and replace a card while the router
remains powered on.
Switch Fabric Card Functionality
The core of the router is a crossbar switch fabric that provides synchronized
connections between the line cards and the RP. The switch fabric consists of 2
clock scheduler cards (CSCs) and 3 switch fabric cards (SFCs) installed in the
switch fabric card cage. One CSC and the three SFCs are the active switch fabric;
the second CSC provides redundancy for the other 4 cards.
The router also ships with a blank switch fabric card installed in the far left
(non-working) slot of the switch fabric card cage. The blank filler panel balances
the air flow through the switch fabric card cage which helps maintain proper air
flow through the chassis.
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Switch Fabric Overview
Caution Do not remove the blank filler panel unless instructed to do so by a Cisco support
representative.
Clock Scheduler Cards
Clock scheduler cards provide the following functionality:
• Scheduler—Handles all scheduling requests from the line cards for access to
the switch fabric.
• System clock—Supplies the synchronizing signal to all SFCs, line cards, and
the RP. The system clock synchronizes data transfers between line cards or
between line cards and the RP through the switch fabric.
• Switch fabric—Carries the user traffic between line cards or between the RP
and a line card. The switch fabric on the CSC is identical to the switch fabric
on the SFC.
The second CSC provides redundancy for the data path, scheduler, and reference
clock. Traffic between the line cards and the switch fabric is monitored constantly.
If the system detects a loss of synchronization (LOS), it automatically activates
the data paths on the redundant CSC so data flows across the redundant paths. The
switch to the redundant CSC occurs within sub-seconds (the actual switch time
depends on your configuration and its scale).
Switch Fabric Cards
The switch fabric cards augment the traffic capacity of the router. SFCs contain
switch fabric circuitry that can only carry user traffic between line cards or
between the RP and the line cards. SFCs receive all scheduling information and
the system clock signal from the CSCs.
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Alarm Card and Line Card Overview
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Alarm Card and Line Card Overview
This section provides general information about alarm cards, line cards and types
of route processors installed in the router.
Note The Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router supports online insertion and
removal (OIR), which allows you to remove and replace a card while the router
remains powered on.
Alarm Cards
The router is equipped with 2 alarm cards:
• One alarm card occupies the dedicated far left slot of the upper card cage.
• The other alarm card occupies the dedicated far right slot of the lower card
cage.
The alarm card slots differ from the rest of the card cage slots in that it is labeled
as an “alarm” card slot, is physically narrower than the other slots, and has a
different backplane connector.
Some of the functions that the alarm cards provide are:
• Supplies +5 VDC to the MBus modules on router components (see AC and
DC Power Subsystems, page 1-4).
• Displays alarm severity levels (critical, major, and minor) detected by the
system through the MBus.
• Provides connections for an external alarm system.
• Displays the status of the alarm cards, clock scheduler cards, and switch
fabric cards.
The following components and LEDs are on the front panel of the alarm card
(Figure 1-10):
• Critical, Major, and Minor LEDs that identify system level alarm conditions.
• A switch to shut off an audio alarm.
• Cable connection for an external alarm (labeled Alarm)
• Alarm card LEDs:
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Alarm Card and Line Card Overview
–
ENABLED (green)—The alarm card is operational and functioning
properly.
–
FAIL (yellow)—The alarm card in that slot is faulty.
• A pair of status LEDs that correspond to each of the 5 card slots in the switch
fabric card cage (2 CSCs and 3 SFCs):
–
ENABLED (green)
On—The card installed in that slot is operational and functioning
properly.
Off—Either the slot is empty or the card installed in that slot is faulty.
–
FAIL (yellow)—The card in that slot is faulty.
Figure 1-10 Alarm Card Components and LEDs
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Route Processor
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Line Cards
Up to 15 Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router line cards can be installed
in the routers upper and lower card cages to support a variety of physical network
media. Ports and connectors on the line card front panels provide interfaces for
external connections. Line cards communicate with the RP and exchange packet
data with each other through the switch fabric cards.
Caution Any unoccupied card slot in the upper and lower card cages must have a blank
filler panel installed to meet electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements
and to ensure proper air flow through the chassis. Also, if the front panel of a line
card does not completely fill the card slot opening, a narrow card filler panel must
be installed to meet the EMC requirements.
A cable management bracket on the front panel of each line card helps to organize
the interface cables connected to that line card.
The following line cards, SIPs, and SPAs are supported on the Cisco XR 12416
and Cisco XR 12816 Routers:
Note Refer to the current s software release notes for the most up-to-date list of
supported line cards (see “Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service
Request” section on page -xiv).
Route Processor
The route processor for the Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router is the
Performance Route Processor (PRP-2). For detailed information about the PRP-2,
refer to the Cisco document, Performance Route Processor Installation and
Configuration Guide.
The PRP-2 performs the following primary functions:
• Executes routing protocol stacks
• Performs all protocol communications with other routers
• Builds and distributes forwarding information to all line cards
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Route Processor
• Uploads the operating system software images to all installed line cards
during power-up
• Provides out-of-band system console and auxiliary ports and an Ethernet port
for router configuration and maintenance
• Monitors and manages the power and temperature of system components
such as line cards, power supplies, and fans
The Cisco PRP-2 and PRP-3 delivers all these functions with enhanced
performance and capabilities. It also delivers the following feature enhancements
(depending on the software version running):
• 2 Ethernet management ports
• Hard-drive support (optional part)
• BITS input ports
• 1 GB compact image Flash memory support (optional part)
• Memory scalability up to 4 GB with PRP-2 and up to 8 GB with PRP-3.
The PRP-2 and PRP-3 communicates with the line cards either through the switch
fabric or through the MBus. The switch fabric connection is the main data path
for routing table distribution as well as for packets that are sent between the line
cards and the PRP. The MBus connection allows the PRP-2 and PRP-3 to
download a system bootstrap image, collect or load diagnostic information, and
perform general, internal system maintenance operations.
The PRP-2 can be designated as either the Designated System Controller (DSC)
or the Secure Domain router (SDR).
The Designated System Controller (DSC) performs the following functions:
• Implements control plane operations for the chassis
• Monitors temperature and voltage
• Monitors line cards
• On boot up, the first card to become active is designated as the DSC.
The Secure Domain Router (SDR) controls domain security features independent
of any other SDRs on the network.
In addition to the functionality listed for the PRP-2, PRP-3 provides the following
specific functions:
• Reduced boot time.
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• Increased overall scalability.
• Improved memory access rates and scale.
• Improved CPU performance through dual 1.3-GHz PPC processor cores.
• Improved packet processing using hardware-based acceleration.
• 10-G bandwidth backplane connectivity.
• Support for all 124xx and 128xx chassis, except low–speed fabric (2.5 G).
• New ROMMON that supports IPv4 network configuration directly.
Performance Route Processor Overview
The performance route processor (PRP-2) uses a Motorola PowerPC 7457 CPU
that runs at an external bus clock speed of 133 MHz and has an internal clock
speed of 1.3 GHz.
Figure 1-11 identifies the slots, ports, and LEDs on the PRP front panel.
Figure 1-11 Performance Route Processor-2 (PRP-2) Front Panel
Table 1-1 Performance Route Processor-2 (PRP-2) Front Panel Hardware Components
1 PCMCIA flash disk slots (shown with cover in
place) and slot LEDs
4 Console serial port
2 RJ-45 Ethernet ports and data status LEDs 5 Reset button
3 Auxiliary serial port 6 Alphanumeric messages
ACT
SIG
ACT
SIG
SLOT-1
SLOT-0
CONSOLE ETH 2AUX
RESET
PERFORMANCE ROUTE PROCESSOR 2
BITS 1BITS 0
DATA
LINK
DATA
LINK
ETH 1ETH 0
101104
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Figure 1-12 Performance Route Processor 3 (PRP-3) Front Panel
Table 1-2 PRP-3 Front Panel Hardware Components Detail
PRP-3 is the route processor for the Cisco XR 12404 and 12804 Router chassis
running Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.8.0 or a later release. The PRP-3 is
available as product number PRP-3 or PRP-3= for a primary route processor and
is available as PRP-3/R for a redundant route processor. PRP-3 has significant
improvements over PRP-2. These improvements include increased speed,
improved scalability, higher system memory, faster packet processing. Because
PRP-3 does not support Cisco IOS, the bootflash memory no longer exists in
PRP-3. PRP-3 ROMMON has software intelligence to download a Cisco IOS XR
image without the support of bootflash memory.
Note PRP-3 supports Cisco XR 12416 (10 G per slot fabric) and Cisco XR 12816 (40
G per slot fabric) Router chassis only. PRP-3 does not support Cisco XR 12004,
12006, 12010, and 12016 Router chassis (2.5 G low-speed fabric).
272359
CONSOLE
AUXBITS 1BITS 0ETH 1ETH 0
PERFORMANCE RP 3
RESET
AC
T
S
I
G
AC
T
S
I
G
D
A
T
A
L
IN
K
D
A
TA
L
INK
1 3 4 52
Numeric Callout Hardware Components
1 Ejecter Lever
2Handle
3 External Compact Flash
4Reset button
5 Alphanumeric LEDs
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PRP PCMCIA Card Slots and Status LEDs
Two PCMCIA card slots (slot 0 and slot 1) provide the PRP with additional flash
memory capacity. All combinations of different flash devices are supported by the
PRP. You can use ATA flash disks, Type 1 or Type 2 linear flash memory cards,
or a combination of the two.
Note The PRP only supports +5.2 VDC flash memory devices. It does not support
+3.3 VDC PCMCIA devices.
Status LEDs (Slot-0 / Slot-1) indicate when the flash memory card in that slot is
accessed (see Figure 1-11). Each slot has an eject button (located behind the
cover) to remove a flash card from the slot.
Note PRP-3 does not have PCMCIA slots (slot 0 and slot 1). PRP-3 has an external
CompactFlash (disk0:) that replaces the PCMCIA slots.
PRP Ethernet Ports and Status LEDs
The PRP has two 8-pin media-dependent interface (MDI) RJ-45 ports for either
IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T (10 Mbps) or IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX (100 Mbps)
Ethernet connections. These ports are labeled ETH 0 and ETH 1.
The transmission speed of the Ethernet port is not user-configurable. You set the
speed through an autosensing scheme on the PRP which is determined by the
network that the Ethernet port is connected to. However, even at an autosensed
data transmission rate of 100 Mbps, the Ethernet port can only provide a usable
bandwidth of substantially less than 100 Mbps. You can expect a maximum usable
bandwidth of approximately 20 Mbps when using an Ethernet connection.
The following LEDs on the front panel indicate traffic status and port selection
(Figure 1-13):
• LINK, EN, TX, RX—Indicate link activity (LINK), port enabled (EN), data
transmission (TX), and data reception (RX).
• PRIMARY—Indicates which Ethernet port is selected (ETH 0 or ETH 1).
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Note Because both ports are supported on the PRP, ETH 0 is always on. ETH 1
lights when it is selected.
Figure 1-13 PRP-2 Port Activity LEDs—Partial Front Panel
Figure 1-14 PRP-3 Port Activity—Partial Front Panel
RX
TX
PRIMARY
SLOT-1
SLOT-0
LINK
EN
RX
TX
ETH 1ETH 0
LINK
PRIMARY
EN
70693
ACT
SIG
ACT
SIG
BITS 0
DATA
LINK
DATA
LINK
ETH 1ETH 0
272388
BITS 1 AUX CONSOLE
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PRP Auxiliary and Console Ports
The auxiliary and console ports on the PRP are EIA/TIA-232 (also known as
RS-232) asynchronous serial ports. These ports connect external devices to
monitor and manage the system.
• The auxiliary port—A (male) plug that provides a data terminal equipment
(DTE) interface. The auxiliary port supports flow control and is often used to
connect a modem, a channel service unit (CSU), or other optional equipment
for Telnet management.
• The console port—A (female) receptacle that provides a data
circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) interface for connecting a console
terminal.
PRP-3 LEDs
The PRP-3 has the following LED indicators:
• Two Ethernet port LEDs used in conjunction with each of the three RJ-45
Ethernet connectors:
–
LINK—Indicates link activity
–
DATA—Indicates data transmission or reception
• Two BITS port LEDs used in conjunction with each of the two BITS ports:
–
SIG—Indicates carrier signal available
–
ACT—Indicates that the interface is active
Note BITS feature is not supported in Release 3.8.0.
• One auxiliary port (AUX) and one console port (CONSOLE) LED:
–
AUX—Used as a backup for the command outputs on the Console.
–
CONSOLE—Used for configuring the router by connecting an RJ-45
cable to the console terminal. The router can be configured through the
console terminal.
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PRP Reset Switch
Access to the (soft) reset switch is through a small opening in the PRP front panel
(see Figure 1-11). To press the switch, insert a paper clip or similar small pointed
object into the opening.
Caution The reset switch is not a mechanism for resetting the PRP and reloading the
Cisco IOS image. It is intended for software development use only. To prevent
system problems or loss of data, use the reset switch only on the advice of Cisco
service personnel.
Pressing the reset switch causes a nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) and places the
PRP in ROM monitor mode. When the PRP enters ROM monitor mode, its
behavior depends on the setting of the PRP software configuration register. For
example, if the boot field of the software configuration register is set to:
• 0x0—The PRP remains at the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>) and waits for
a user command to boot the system manually.
• 0x1—The system automatically boots the first Cisco IOS image found in
flash memory on the PRP.
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PRP Alphanumeric Message Displays
The alphanumeric message displays are organized in two rows of four LED
characters each (Figure 1-15).
Figure 1-15 Alphanumeric Message Displays—Partial Front Panel
The alphanumeric message displays show router status messages during the boot
process, and after the boot process is complete.
• During the boot process, the message displays are controlled directly by the
MBus module.
• After the boot process, the message displays are controlled by Cisco IOS XR
software (through the MBus).
The alphanumeric messages also provide information about different levels of
system operation, including the status of the PRP, router error messages, and
user-defined status and error messages
Note A list of all system and error messages appears in the Cisco IOS System Error
Messages publication (see the “Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a
Service Request” section on page -xiv).
H10780
PROCESSOR
Upper alphanumeric
LED display (four digits)
Lower alphanumeric
LED display (four digits)
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PRP Memory Components
This section describes various types of memory used on the PRP to support router
functions. Tab le 1 - 3 provides a quick reference of the different types of memory,
and Figure 1-16 shows the location on the PRP board.
Table 1-3 PRP-2 Memory Components
Type Size Quantity Description Location
SDRAM
1
1. Default SDRAM configuration is 2-GB for PRP-2. Bank 1 (U15) must be populated first. You can use one or both banks to
configure SDRAM combinations of 2 GB and 4 GB for the PRP-2. 1.5-GB configurations.and DIMM devices that are not
from Cisco are not supported.
2 GB (default)
or 4 GB
(optional)
1 or 2 2-GB or 4-GB DIMMs (based on desired
SDRAM configuration) for main Cisco IOS
XR software functions
U15 (bank 1)
2
U18 (bank 2)
2. If both banks of the PRP-2 are populated, bank 1 and bank 2 must contain the same size DIMM.
SRAM
3
3. SRAM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
2 MB (fixed) — Secondary CPU cache memory functions —
NVRAM
4
4. NVRAM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
2 MB (fixed) 1 System configuration files, register settings,
and logs
—
HDD 40 GB 1 Contains log and crash information for
specific Cisco IOS XR versions.
—
Flash
memory
2 GB or 4 GB
(optional)
Compact
Flash
1 Contains Cisco IOS XR boot image
(bootflash), crash information, and other
user-defined files
P3
4 MB Boot
ROM
1 Stores the ROMMON minimum boot image
(MBI).
—
Flash disks
5
2
GB (default)
or 4 GB
(optional)
5. ATA Flash disks are supported in the PRP-2.
1 or 2 Contains Cisco IOS XR software images,
system configuration files, and other
user-defined files on up to two flash disks
Flash disk
slot 0 and
slot 1
1 GB CF
6
6. Optional PRP-2 hardware. Compact disks that are not from Cisco are not supported.
1 Contains large Cisco IOS XR software
images
—
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Figure 1-16 PRP-2 Memory Locations
A
C
T
SIGA
C
T
S
IG
S
L
O
T
-1
S
LO
T
-0
CONSOLE ETH 2AUX
RESET
PERFORMANCE ROUTE PROCESSOR 2
BITS 1BITS 0
D
A
TA
LINKD
A
T
A
LIN
K
ETH 1ETH 0
E
JECT
11
THIS SIDE TO FACEPLATE
H
D
-P
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P
2-4
0G
8
0
0
-24
06
0
-0
1
R
E
V
__
101105
2
1
3
13
12
14
ETH 2
4
7 8 9 105 6
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Figure 1-17 PRP-3 Memory Locations
1 SDRAM DIMM: Bank 1 - Socket number U8
2 SDRAM DIMM: Bank 2 - Socket number U10
3 External CompactFlash
4 Hard disk (80 GB)
5 Internal CompactFlash
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3
1
2
4
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Table 1-4 PRP-3 Memory Components
Type Size Quantity Description Location
SDRAM
1
1. Default SDRAM configuration is a total of 4 GB (2 x 2GB) system memory for PRP-3. Bank 1 (U15) must be populated first.
You can use one or both banks to configure DDR2 DRAM combinations of 2 GB or 4 GB for the PRP-3. DIMM devices that
are not from Cisco are not supported.
2 GB (Default) for each
DDR2 DRAM for a total
system memory of 4 GB,
option for upgrade to total
system memory of 8 GB (4
GB each).
2 Two 2-GB default DDR2
DRAM for main CiscoIOSXR
software functions. Provision
for optional upgrade to 4 GB
also possible to provide total
system memory of 8 GB.
U8 (bank
1)
2
U10 (bank
2)
2. If both banks of the PRP-3 are populated, bank 1 and bank 2 must contain the same size DIMM.
NVRAM
3
3. NVRAM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
2 MB (fixed) 1 System configuration files,
register settings, and logs
—
Flash memory 2 GB (default) or 4 GB
(optional) Flash disks
4
4. ATA Flash disks are supported in the PRP-3.
2
(Internal
and
External
Compact
Flash)
Contains Cisco IOS XR
software images, system
configuration files, and other
user-defined files on two
CompactFlash.
Internal and
External
Compact
Flash
5
5. PRP-3 provides an onboard internal CompactFlash and also an external CompactFlash. The external CompactFlash in PRP-3
replaces the two PCMCIA slots (slot0 and slot1) of PRP-2.
Flash boot
ROM
8 MB 1 Flash EPROM for the ROM
monitor program boot image
—
HDD
6
6. Hard disk drives that are not from Cisco are not supported.
80 GB SATA 1 Contains log and crash
information for specific
Cisco IOS XR versions
—
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PRP SDRAM
The PRP uses Error Checking and Correction (ECC) Synchronized Dynamic
Random Access Memory (SDRAM) to store routing tables, protocols, network
accounting applications, and to run Cisco IOS software.
Table 1 -5 lists the DRAM configurations for the PRP. If you are using:
• One DIMM—Bank 1 (U15) must be populated first.
• Two DIMMs—You cannot mix memory sizes; both banks must contain the
same size DIMM.
Caution DRAM DIMMs must be 3.3-volt, 60-nanosecond devices only. Do not attempt to
install other devices in the DIMM sockets. To prevent memory problems, use the
Cisco approved memory products listed in Table 1-5.
PRP-3 provides more system memory than PRP-2. PRP-3 is shipped with 2 GB
of system memory in each DDR2 DRAMs, for a total of 4 GB and provides an
upgrade option for a total of 8 GB (4 GB x 2 DRAM).
Note The two DIMMs must be of the same sizes. Do not use two different DIMM sizes
together.
Table 1-5 PRP-2 DRAM Configurations
Total
SDRAM SDRAM Sockets Number of DIMMs
2 GB
1
1. Default shipping configuration.
U15 (bank 1)
U18 (bank 2)
One 2 GB DIMM
or
Two 2 GB DIMMs
4 GB U15 (bank 1)
U18 (bank 2)
One 4 GB DIMM
or
Two 4 GB DIMMs
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Table 1-6 PRP3 DDR2 DRAM Configuration
PRP SRAM
Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) provides 2 MB of secondary CPU cache
memory. Its principal function is to act as a staging area for routing table updates,
and for information sent to and received from the line cards. SRAM is not
user-configurable and cannot be upgraded in the field.
PRP NVRAM
Non-volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) provides 2 MB of memory for
system configuration files, software register settings, and environmental
monitoring logs. Built-in lithium batteries retain the contents of NVRAM for a
minimum of 5 years. NVRAM is not user configurable and cannot be upgraded in
the field.
PRP Flash Memory
Use flash memory to store multiple Cisco IOS XR software and microcode
images that you can use to operate the router. You can download new images to
flash memory over the network (or from a local server) to replace an existing
image, or to add it as an additional image. The router can be booted (manually or
automatically) from any of the stored images in flash memory.
Flash memory also functions as a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server to
allow other servers to boot remotely from the stored images, or to copy them into
their own flash memory.
The system uses two types of flash memory:
• Onboard flash memory (called bootflash)—Contains the Cisco IOS boot
image
• Flash memory disks (or cards)—Contain the Cisco IOS software image
Total SDRAM SDRAM Sockets Number of DIMMs
4 GB U8 (bank 1)
U10 (bank 2)
Two 2 GB DIMMs
8 GB U8 (bank 1)
U10 (bank 2)
Two 4 G B DIM Ms
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Table 1 -7 lists supported flash disk sizes and Cisco part numbers.
PRP-3 Compact Flash
PRP-3 provides more flash memory than PRP-2. PRP-3 uses flash memory to
store Cisco IOS XR software images. PRP-3 includes a default internal flash
memory of 2 GB and also has an external flash memory of 2 GB. A flash memory
upgrade option is also available for a total of 8 GB (2 x 4 GB).
PRP-2 and PRP-3 compactflashes are not compatible with each other and hence
PRP-2 compactflash cannot be used in PRP-3 and vice versa. PRP-3 uses
Multiword DMA to access the compactflash device, a PRP-2 compactflash does
not support this access type.
Note The PRP-3 external CompactFlash disk replaces the two PCMCIA slots
of PRP-2. The external CompactFlash disk can be installed or removed
from the PRP-3 front panel. The internal CompactFlash disk memory is
denoted as compactflash, while the external CompactFlash disk is
denoted as disk0:.
Table 1-8 PRP-3 CompactFlash Disk Sizes
Table 1-7 Supported Flash Disk Sizes
Flash Disk Size
1
1. 4 GB is supported with 2 GB mode prior to Release 3.8.0.
Part Number
2 GB
2
2. Default shipping configuration.
MEM-FD2G=
4 GB MEM-FD4G=
Flash Disk Size Part Numbers
2 GB FLASH-PRP3-2G(=)
4 GB FLASH-PRP3-4G(=)
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Upper and Lower Cable Management Brackets
The Cisco XR 12416 and Cisco XR 12816 Router includes upper and lower cable
management brackets that work together with individual line card cable
management brackets to organize interface cables entering and exiting the router
(see Figure 1-1).
Network interface cables to the line cards are fed across the brackets, and then
through the openings to the individual line card cable management bracket. This
system keeps cables out of the way and free of sharp bends.
Caution Excessive bending of interface cables can damage the cables.
Blower Module
The router has two blower modules to distribute air within the chassis. One blower
module is located above the upper card cage; the second blower module is located
below the lower card cage (see Figure 1-1).
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Blower Module
Each blower module contains three variable speed fans and a controller card. The
two front cover LEDs provide a visual indication of blower module status
(Figure 1-18):
Figure 1-18 Blower Module
•
OK (green)—All three fans are operating normally.
• FAIL (red)—The system has detected a fan failure or other fault in the blower
module. The fault can be caused by any of the following:
–
One or more fans are not operating
–
One or more fans are running below speed
–
A controller card fault
The blower modules maintain acceptable operating temperatures for the internal
components by drawing cool air through a replaceable air filter into the switch
fabric card cage and then through the upper and lower card cages. Figure 1-19
illustrates the air flow path through the chassis.
129308
LEDs
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Figure 1-19 Cooling Air Flow
To ensure that there is adequate air flow to prevent overheating inside the card
cages keep the front and back of the router unobstructed. We recommend at least
6 inches (15.24 cm) of clearance.
26204
Air exhaust
Upper card cage
Room air
Bottom blower module
Air filter
Air exhaust
Power supply shelf
Middle card cage
Lower card cage
Top blower module
(Plenum)
(Plenum)
Front Rear
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Blower Module
Caution You should inspect and clean the air filter one time per month (more often in dusty
environments). Do not operate the router without an air filter installed.
The blower module controller card monitors and controls operation of three
variable-speed fans in the blower modules. The variable-speed feature allows
quieter operation by running the fans at below maximum speed, while still
providing adequate cooling to maintain an acceptable operating temperature
inside the card cages.
Two temperature sensors on each line card monitor the internal air temperature in
the card cages:
• When the ambient air temperature is within the normal operating range, the
fans operate at their lowest speed, which is 55 percent of the maximum speed.
• If the air temperature rises inside the card cages the fan speed increases to
provide additional cool air to the cards.
• If the air temperature continues to rise beyond the specified threshold, the
system environmental monitor shuts down all internal power to prevent
equipment damage due to excessive heat.
• If the system detects that one of the three fans within a blower module has
failed, it displays a warning message on the console window. In addition, the
two remaining fans go to full speed to compensate for the loss of the one fan.
If another fan fails, the system shuts down to prevent equipment damage.
For additional troubleshooting information, see the “Blower Module Operation”
section on page 4-36.
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