Cisco ASR 5x00 Administration Manual
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway
Administration Guide
Version 15.0
Last Updated November 30, 2013
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Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide
© 2013 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
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CONTENTS
About this Guide ............................................................................................... xv
Conventions Used .................................................................................................................................. xvi
Supported Documents and Resources ................................................................................................. xvii
Related Common Documentation ..................................................................................................... xvii
Related Product Documentation ................................................................................................... xvii
Obtaining Documentation ............................................................................................................ xviii
Contacting Customer Support ................................................................................................................ xix
PDN Gateway Overview .................................................................................... 21
Product Description ................................................................................................................................ 22
Platform Requirements....................................................................................................................... 24
Licenses ............................................................................................................................................. 24
Network Deployment(s) .......................................................................................................................... 25
PDN Gateway in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network ................................................................................... 25
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points) ............................................................ 26
PDN Gateway Supporting eHRPD to E-UTRAN/EPC Connectivity .................................................. 31
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points) ............................................................ 33
Features and Functionality - Base Software .......................................................................................... 38
3GPP R9 Volume Charging Over Gx ................................................................................................. 39
AAA Server Groups ............................................................................................................................ 40
ANSI T1.276 Compliance ................................................................................................................... 40
APN Support ...................................................................................................................................... 40
Assume Positive for Gy-based Quota Tracking ................................................................................. 41
Bulk Statistics Support ....................................................................................................................... 41
Congestion Control ............................................................................................................................. 43
Default and Dedicated EPC Bearers .................................................................................................. 43
DHCP Support .................................................................................................................................... 44
DHCPv6 Support ................................................................................................................................ 45
Direct Tunnel Support ........................................................................................................................ 45
DNS Support for IPv4/IPv6 PDP Contexts ......................................................................................... 45
Domain Based Flow Definitions ......................................................................................................... 46
DSCP Marking .................................................................................................................................... 46
GTP-U on per APN Basis .............................................................................................................. 47
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer ................................................................................................................. 47
Dynamic Policy Charging Control (Gx Reference Interface).............................................................. 47
Enhanced Charging Service (ECS) .................................................................................................... 48
Content Analysis Support .............................................................................................................. 50
Content Service Steering ............................................................................................................... 50
Support for Multiple Detail Record Types ...................................................................................... 51
Diameter Credit Control Application .............................................................................................. 51
Accept TCP Connections from DCCA Server................................................................................ 52
Gy Interface Support ...................................................................................................................... 52
Gn/Gp Handoff Support ..................................................................................................................... 53
IMS Emergency Bearer Handling ....................................................................................................... 54
IP Access Control Lists ...................................................................................................................... 54
IP Address Hold Timers ..................................................................................................................... 55
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IPv6 Capabilities ................................................................................................................................. 55
Local Break-Out .................................................................................................................................. 55
LTE Video Calling ............................................................................................................................... 56
Management System Overview ......................................................................................................... 56
MPLS EXP Marking of User Plane Traffic .......................................................................................... 58
Mobile IP Registration Revocation ..................................................................................................... 58
MTU Size PCO ................................................................................................................................... 58
Multiple PDN Support ......................................................................................................................... 59
Node Functionality GTP Echo ............................................................................................................ 59
Non-Optimized e-HRPD to Native LTE (E-UTRAN) Mobility Handover ............................................. 59
Online/Offline Charging ...................................................................................................................... 60
Online Charging ............................................................................................................................. 60
Offline Charging ............................................................................................................................. 61
Peer GTP Node Profile Configuration Support .................................................................................. 62
PMIPv6 Heartbeat .............................................................................................................................. 62
Proxy Mobile IPv6 (S2a) ..................................................................................................................... 62
QoS Bearer Management .................................................................................................................. 63
RADIUS Support ................................................................................................................................ 64
S-GW Restoration Support ................................................................................................................. 65
Source IP Address Validation ............................................................................................................. 65
SRVCC PS-to-CS Handover Indication Support ................................................................................ 66
Subscriber Level Trace....................................................................................................................... 66
3GPP Tracing to Intercept Random Subscriber ............................................................................ 67
Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA) Support .......................................................................................... 67
UE Time Zone Reporting .................................................................................................................... 68
Virtual APN Support ........................................................................................................................... 68
Features and Functionality - Inline Service Support ............................................................................... 70
Content Filtering ................................................................................................................................. 70
Integrated Adult Content Filter ....................................................................................................... 70
ICAP Interface ................................................................................................................................ 71
Header Enrichment: Header Insertion and Encryption ....................................................................... 71
Mobile Video Gateway........................................................................................................................ 72
Network Address Translation (NAT) ................................................................................................... 73
NAT64 Support .............................................................................................................................. 73
Peer-to-Peer Detection ....................................................................................................................... 74
Personal Stateful Firewall ................................................................................................................... 74
Traffic Performance Optimization (TPO) ............................................................................................ 75
Features and Functionality - External Application Support .................................................................... 76
Web Element Management System ................................................................................................... 76
Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software....................................................... 77
Always-On Licensing .......................................................................................................................... 77
Common Gateway Access Support ................................................................................................... 78
Dynamic RADIUS Extensions (Change of Authorization) .................................................................. 78
GRE Protocol Interface Support ......................................................................................................... 79
GTP Throttling .................................................................................................................................... 79
Inter-Chassis Session Recovery ........................................................................................................ 80
IP Security (IPSec) Encryption ........................................................................................................... 81
L2TP LAC Support ............................................................................................................................. 81
Lawful Intercept .................................................................................................................................. 82
Layer 2 Traffic Management (VLANs) ................................................................................................ 82
Local Policy Decision Engine ............................................................................................................. 82
MPLS Forwarding with LDP ............................................................................................................... 83
NEMO Service Supported .................................................................................................................. 83
NEMO Support in GGSN ............................................................................................................... 83
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Overcharging Protection Support ....................................................................................................... 84
Session Recovery Support ................................................................................................................. 84
Smartphone Tethering Detection Support.......................................................................................... 85
Traffic Policing .................................................................................................................................... 85
User Location Information Reporting ................................................................................................. 86
How the PDN Gateway Works ............................................................................................................... 88
PMIPv6 PDN Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an eHRPD Network .......................................... 88
Initial Attach with IPv6/IPv4 Access ............................................................................................... 88
PMIPv6 Lifetime Extension without Handover ............................................................................... 90
PDN Connection Release Initiated by UE ..................................................................................... 91
PDN Connection Release Initiated by HSGW ............................................................................... 92
PDN Connection Release Initiated by P-GW................................................................................. 93
GTP PDN Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an LTE-SAE Network ............................................ 94
Subscriber-initiated Attach (initial) ................................................................................................. 94
Subscriber-initiated Detach ............................................................................................................ 97
Supported Standards .............................................................................................................................. 99
Release 10 3GPP References ........................................................................................................... 99
Release 9 3GPP References ............................................................................................................. 99
Release 8 3GPP References ........................................................................................................... 100
3GPP2 References .......................................................................................................................... 101
IETF References .............................................................................................................................. 101
Object Management Group (OMG) Standards ................................................................................ 103
PDN Gateway Configuration .......................................................................... 105
Configuring the System as a Standalone eGTP P-GW ........................................................................ 106
Information Required ........................................................................................................................ 106
Required Local Context Configuration Information ...................................................................... 106
Required P-GW Context Configuration Information .................................................................... 107
Required PDN Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 108
Required AAA Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 109
How This Configuration Works ......................................................................................................... 112
eGTP P-GW Configuration ............................................................................................................... 113
Initial Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 114
P-GW Service Configuration ........................................................................................................ 120
P-GW PDN Context Configuration ............................................................................................... 121
Active Charging Service Configuration ........................................................................................ 122
Policy Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 125
Verifying and Saving the Configuration ....................................................................................... 128
DHCP Service Configuration ............................................................................................................ 128
DHCP Service Creation ............................................................................................................... 129
DHCP Server Parameter Configuration ....................................................................................... 129
DHCP Service Configuration Verification .................................................................................... 130
DHCPv6 Service Configuration ........................................................................................................ 131
DHCPv6 Service Creation ........................................................................................................... 131
DHCPv6 Server Parameter Configuration ................................................................................... 132
DHCPv6 Client Parameter Configuration .................................................................................... 132
DHCPv6 Profile Configuration ..................................................................................................... 133
Associate DHCPv6 Configuration ................................................................................................ 134
DHCPv6 Service Configuration Verification................................................................................. 135
Configuring the System as a Standalone PMIP P-GW in an LTE-SAE Network ................................. 136
Information Required ........................................................................................................................ 136
Required Local Context Configuration Information ...................................................................... 136
Required P-GW Context Configuration Information .................................................................... 137
Required PDN Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 138
Required AAA Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 139
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How This Configuration Works ......................................................................................................... 142
P-MIP P-GW (LTE) Configuration .................................................................................................... 143
Initial Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 144
P-GW Service Configuration ........................................................................................................ 149
P-GW PDN Context Configuration ............................................................................................... 150
Active Charging Service Configuration ........................................................................................ 151
AAA and Policy Configuration ...................................................................................................... 153
Verifying and Saving the Configuration ........................................................................................ 156
Configuring the System as a Standalone PMIP P-GW Supporting an eHRPD Network ..................... 157
Information Required ........................................................................................................................ 157
Required Local Context Configuration Information ...................................................................... 157
Required P-GW Context Configuration Information ..................................................................... 158
Required PDN Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 159
Required AAA Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 160
How This Configuration Works ......................................................................................................... 163
P-MIP P-GW (eHRPD) Configuration ............................................................................................... 164
Initial Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 165
P-GW Service Configuration ........................................................................................................ 170
P-GW PDN Context Configuration ............................................................................................... 171
Active Charging Service Configuration ........................................................................................ 172
AAA and Policy Configuration ...................................................................................................... 173
Verifying and Saving the Configuration ........................................................................................ 177
Configuring Optional Features on the P-GW ........................................................................................ 178
Configuring ACL-based Node-to-Node IP Security on the S5 Interface .......................................... 178
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Access Control List .............................................................. 178
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set ..................................................................... 179
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set ..................................................................... 179
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Map ...................................................................................... 180
Configuring APN as Emergency ....................................................................................................... 181
Configuring Common Gateway Access Support .............................................................................. 182
Diameter Endpoint Configuration ................................................................................................. 182
AAA Group Configuration ............................................................................................................. 183
Authorization over S6b Configuration .......................................................................................... 183
DNS Client Configuration ............................................................................................................. 183
Duplicate Call Accept Configuration ............................................................................................ 184
Common Gateway Access Support Configuration Verification .................................................... 184
Configuring Dynamic Node-to-Node IP Security on the S5 Interface .............................................. 185
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set ..................................................................... 185
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set ..................................................................... 186
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Template .............................................................................. 187
Binding the S5 IP Address to the Crypto Template ..................................................................... 187
Configuring the GTP Echo Timer ..................................................................................................... 188
Default GTP Echo Timer Configuration ....................................................................................... 188
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer Configuration ..................................................................................... 190
Configuring GTPP Offline Accounting on the P-GW ........................................................................ 193
Configuring Local QoS Policy ........................................................................................................... 195
Creating and Configuring a Local QoS Policy.............................................................................. 195
Binding a Local QoS Policy .......................................................................................................... 196
Verifying Local QoS Policy ........................................................................................................... 197
Configuring X.509 Certificate-based Peer Authentication ................................................................ 197
Network Mobility (NEMO) ............................................................................... 199
NEMO Overview ................................................................................................................................... 200
Use Cases ........................................................................................................................................ 200
Features and Benefits ...................................................................................................................... 201
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MIPv4-based NEMO Control Plane ............................................................................................. 201
NEMO MR Authorization .............................................................................................................. 202
MIPv4 NEMO Protocol ................................................................................................................. 202
GRE Encapsulation ...................................................................................................................... 202
Session Interactions ..................................................................................................................... 203
NEMO Session Timers ................................................................................................................ 203
Enterprise-wide Route Limit Control ............................................................................................ 203
Forced Fragmentation .................................................................................................................. 203
Redundancy/Reliability ................................................................................................................ 203
LTE NEMO Call Flow ....................................................................................................................... 204
Engineering Rules ............................................................................................................................ 206
Supported Standards ....................................................................................................................... 206
NEMO Configuration ............................................................................................................................ 207
Sample Configuration ....................................................................................................................... 207
Create a VRF ................................................................................................................................... 208
Set Neighbors and Address Family .................................................................................................. 209
Redistribute Connected Routes ....................................................................................................... 209
Configure and Enable NEMO in APN Profile ................................................................................... 209
Create a NEMO HA .......................................................................................................................... 210
Configuring Subscriber Session Tracing ..................................................... 211
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 212
Supported Functions ........................................................................................................................ 213
Supported Standards ............................................................................................................................ 215
Subscriber Session Trace Functional Description ............................................................................... 216
Operation .......................................................................................................................................... 216
Trace Session .............................................................................................................................. 216
Trace Recording Session............................................................................................................. 216
Network Element (NE)...................................................................................................................... 216
Activation .......................................................................................................................................... 216
Management Activation ............................................................................................................... 217
Signaling Activation ...................................................................................................................... 217
Start Trigger ..................................................................................................................................... 217
Deactivation ...................................................................................................................................... 217
Stop Trigger ...................................................................................................................................... 217
Data Collection and Reporting ......................................................................................................... 217
Trace Depth ................................................................................................................................. 217
Trace Scope ................................................................................................................................. 218
Network Element Details .................................................................................................................. 218
MME ............................................................................................................................................. 218
S-GW ........................................................................................................................................... 218
P-GW ........................................................................................................................................... 219
Subscriber Session Trace Configuration .............................................................................................. 220
Enabling Subscriber Session Trace on EPC Network Element ....................................................... 220
Trace File Collection Configuration .................................................................................................. 221
Verifying Your Configuration................................................................................................................. 222
Monitoring the Service ................................................................................... 225
Monitoring System Status and Performance ........................................................................................ 226
Clearing Statistics and Counters .......................................................................................................... 229
CoA, RADIUS DM, and Session Redirection (Hotlining) ............................. 231
RADIUS Change of Authorization and Disconnect Message............................................................... 232
CoA Overview .................................................................................................................................. 232
DM Overview .................................................................................................................................... 232
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License Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 232
Enabling CoA and DM ...................................................................................................................... 232
Enabling CoA and DM .................................................................................................................. 233
CoA and DM Attributes ................................................................................................................ 233
CoA and DM Error-Cause Attribute ............................................................................................. 234
Viewing CoA and DM Statistics ................................................................................................... 235
Session Redirection (Hotlining) ............................................................................................................ 238
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 238
License Requirements ................................................................................................................. 238
Operation .......................................................................................................................................... 238
ACL Rule ...................................................................................................................................... 238
Redirecting Subscriber Sessions ................................................................................................. 238
Session Limits On Redirection ..................................................................................................... 239
Stopping Redirection .................................................................................................................... 239
Handling IP Fragments ................................................................................................................ 239
Recovery ...................................................................................................................................... 239
AAA Accounting ........................................................................................................................... 239
Viewing the Redirected Session Entries for a Subscriber ................................................................ 239
Direct Tunnel ................................................................................................... 245
Direct Tunnel Feature Overview ........................................................................................................... 246
Direct Tunnel Configuration .................................................................................................................. 250
Configuring Direct Tunnel Support on the SGSN ............................................................................. 250
Enabling Setup of GTP-U Direct Tunnels .................................................................................... 251
Enabling Direct Tunnel per APN .................................................................................................. 251
Enabling Direct Tunnel per IMEI .................................................................................................. 252
Enabling Direct Tunnel to Specific RNCs .................................................................................... 252
Verifying the SGSN Direct Tunnel Configuration ......................................................................... 253
Configuring S12 Direct Tunnel Support on the S-GW ...................................................................... 255
GRE Protocol Interface ................................................................................... 257
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 258
Supported Standards ............................................................................................................................ 259
Supported Networks and Platforms ...................................................................................................... 260
Licenses ................................................................................................................................................ 261
Services and Application on GRE Interface ......................................................................................... 262
How GRE Interface Support Works ...................................................................................................... 263
Ingress Packet Processing on GRE Interface .................................................................................. 263
Egress Packet Processing on GRE Interface .................................................................................. 265
GRE Interface Configuration................................................................................................................. 266
Virtual Routing And Forwarding (VRF) Configuration ...................................................................... 266
GRE Tunnel Interface Configuration ................................................................................................ 267
Enabling OSPF for VRF ................................................................................................................... 268
Associating IP Pool and AAA Group with VRF ................................................................................ 268
Associating APN with VRF ............................................................................................................... 269
Static Route Configuration ............................................................................................................... 269
Verifying Your Configuration ................................................................................................................. 270
Gx Interface Support ...................................................................................... 273
Rel. 6 Gx Interface ................................................................................................................................ 274
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 274
Supported Networks and Platforms ............................................................................................. 274
License Requirements ................................................................................................................. 275
Supported Standards ................................................................................................................... 275
How it Works .................................................................................................................................... 275
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Configuring Rel. 6 Gx Interface ........................................................................................................ 277
Configuring IMS Authorization Service at Context Level ............................................................. 278
Verifying IMS Authorization Service Configuration ...................................................................... 279
Applying IMS Authorization Service to an APN ........................................................................... 279
Verifying Subscriber Configuration .............................................................................................. 280
Rel. 7 Gx Interface ................................................................................................................................ 281
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 281
Supported Networks and Platforms ............................................................................................. 283
License Requirements ................................................................................................................. 283
Supported Standards ................................................................................................................... 283
Terminology and Definitions ............................................................................................................. 284
Policy Control ............................................................................................................................... 284
Charging Control .......................................................................................................................... 287
Policy and Charging Control (PCC) Rules ................................................................................... 288
PCC Procedures over Gx Reference Point ................................................................................. 289
Volume Reporting Over Gx .......................................................................................................... 291
How Rel. 7 Gx Works ....................................................................................................................... 295
Configuring Rel. 7 Gx Interface ........................................................................................................ 298
Configuring IMS Authorization Service at Context Level ............................................................. 298
Applying IMS Authorization Service to an APN ........................................................................... 301
Configuring Volume Reporting over Gx ....................................................................................... 302
Gathering Statistics .......................................................................................................................... 302
Rel. 8 Gx Interface ................................................................................................................................ 304
HA/PDSN Rel. 8 Gx Interface Support ............................................................................................. 304
Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 304
Terminology and Definitions ........................................................................................................ 306
How it Works ................................................................................................................................ 312
Configuring HA/PDSN Rel. 8 Gx Interface Support ..................................................................... 314
Gathering Statistics ...................................................................................................................... 317
P-GW Rel. 8 Gx Interface Support ................................................................................................... 318
Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 318
Terminology and Definitions ........................................................................................................ 319
Rel. 9 Gx Interface ................................................................................................................................ 323
P-GW Rel. 9 Gx Interface Support ................................................................................................... 323
Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 323
Terminology and Definitions ........................................................................................................ 323
Assume Positive for Gx ........................................................................................................................ 328
Default Policy on CCR-I Failure ....................................................................................................... 329
Gx Back off Functionality ................................................................................................................. 330
Configuring Gx Assume Positive Feature ........................................................................................ 330
Configuring Local Policy Service at Global Configuration Level.................................................. 330
Configuring Failure Handling Template at Global Configuration Level ....................................... 332
Associating Local Policy Service and Failure Handling Template ............................................... 332
Verifying Local Policy Service Configuration ............................................................................... 332
Time Reporting Over Gx ....................................................................................................................... 333
License Requirements...................................................................................................................... 333
Feature Overview ............................................................................................................................. 333
Limitations .................................................................................................................................... 334
Usage Monitoring ............................................................................................................................. 334
Usage Monitoring at Session Level ............................................................................................. 334
Usage Monitoring at Flow Level .................................................................................................. 334
Usage Reporting .............................................................................................................................. 335
Configuring Time Reporting over Gx ................................................................................................ 335
Gy Interface Support ...................................................................................... 337
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Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 338
License Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 339
Supported Standards........................................................................................................................ 339
Features and Terminology .................................................................................................................... 340
Charging Scenarios .......................................................................................................................... 340
Session Charging with Reservation ............................................................................................. 340
Basic Operations .......................................................................................................................... 340
Re-authorization ........................................................................................................................... 341
Threshold based Re-authorization Triggers................................................................................. 341
Termination Action ....................................................................................................................... 341
Diameter Base Protocol.................................................................................................................... 341
Diameter Credit Control Application ................................................................................................. 342
Quota Behavior ............................................................................................................................ 343
Supported AVPs ........................................................................................................................... 354
Unsupported AVPs ....................................................................................................................... 357
PLMN and Time Zone Reporting ...................................................................................................... 363
Interworking between Session-based Gy and Event-based Gy .................................................. 364
OCS Unreachable Failure Handling Feature.................................................................................... 364
Configuring Gy Interface Support ......................................................................................................... 367
Configuring GGSN / P-GW / IPSG Gy Interface Support ................................................................. 367
Configuring HA / PDSN Gy Interface Support .................................................................................. 368
Configuring PLMN and Time Zone Reporting .................................................................................. 370
Configuring Server Unreachable Feature......................................................................................... 372
Gathering Statistics .......................................................................................................................... 372
ICAP Interface Support ................................................................................... 375
ICAP Interface Support Overview ......................................................................................................... 376
Failure Action on Retransmitted Packets ......................................................................................... 377
Supported Networks and Platforms .................................................................................................. 378
License Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 378
Configuring ICAP Interface Support ..................................................................................................... 379
Creating ICAP Server Group and Address Binding ......................................................................... 379
Configuring ICAP Server and Other Parameters ............................................................................. 380
Configuring ECS Rulebase for ICAP Server Group ......................................................................... 380
Configuring Charging Action for ICAP Server Group ....................................................................... 381
Verifying the ICAP Server Group Configuration ............................................................................... 381
L2TP Access Concentrator ............................................................................ 383
Applicable Products and Relevant Sections ......................................................................................... 384
Supported LAC Service Configurations for PDSN Simple IP ............................................................... 385
Attribute-based Tunneling ................................................................................................................ 385
How The Attribute-based L2TP Configuration Works .................................................................. 386
Configuring Attribute-based L2TP Support for PDSN Simple IP ................................................. 386
PDSN Service-based Compulsory Tunneling .................................................................................. 387
How PDSN Service-based Compulsory Tunneling Works .......................................................... 387
Configuring L2TP Compulsory Tunneling Support for PDSN Simple IP ..................................... 388
Supported LAC Service Configurations for the GGSN and P-GW ....................................................... 390
Transparent IP PDP Context Processing with L2TP Support .......................................................... 391
Non-transparent IP PDP Context Processing with L2TP Support ................................................... 392
PPP PDP Context Processing with L2TP Support ........................................................................... 393
Configuring the GGSN or P-GW to Support L2TP ........................................................................... 394
Supported LAC Service Configuration for Mobile IP ............................................................................ 395
How The Attribute-based L2TP Configuration for MIP Works.......................................................... 395
Configuring Attribute-based L2TP Support for HA Mobile IP ........................................................... 396
Configuring Subscriber Profiles for L2TP Support ............................................................................... 398
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RADIUS and Subscriber Profile Attributes Used ............................................................................. 398
RADIUS Tagging Support ............................................................................................................ 399
Configuring Local Subscriber Profiles for L2TP Support ................................................................. 399
Configuring Local Subscriber ........................................................................................................... 400
Verifying the L2TP Configuration ..................................................................................................... 400
Tunneling All Subscribers in a Specific Context Without Using RADIUS Attributes.................... 401
Configuring LAC Services .................................................................................................................... 402
Configuring LAC Service .................................................................................................................. 402
Configuring LNS Peer ...................................................................................................................... 403
Verifying the LAC Service Configuration .......................................................................................... 403
Modifying PDSN Services for L2TP Support ........................................................................................ 405
Modifying PDSN Service .................................................................................................................. 405
Verifying the PDSN Service for L2TP Support ................................................................................. 406
Modifying APN Templates to Support L2TP......................................................................................... 407
Assigning LNS Peer Address in APN Template .............................................................................. 407
Configuring Outbound Authentication .............................................................................................. 408
Verifying the APN Configuration ...................................................................................................... 408
Mobile IP Registration Revocation ................................................................ 409
Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 410
Configuring Registration Revocation .................................................................................................... 412
Configuring FA Services .................................................................................................................. 412
Configuring HA Services .................................................................................................................. 412
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Support ......................................... 415
Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 416
Chassis as MPLS-CE Connecting to PE.......................................................................................... 416
Chassis as MPLS-CE Connected to ASBR ..................................................................................... 417
Engineering Rules ............................................................................................................................ 417
Supported Standards ............................................................................................................................ 418
Supported Networks and Platforms ...................................................................................................... 419
Licenses................................................................................................................................................ 420
Benefits ................................................................................................................................................. 421
Configuring BGP/MPLS VPN with Static Labels .................................................................................. 422
Create VRF with Route-distinguisher and Route-target ................................................................... 422
Set Neighbors and Enable VPNv4 Route Exchange ....................................................................... 423
Configure Address Family and Redistributed Connected Routes ................................................... 423
Configure IP Pools with MPLS Labels ............................................................................................. 424
Bind DHCP Service for Corporate Servers ...................................................................................... 424
Bind AAA Group for Corporate Servers ........................................................................................... 424
Configuring BGP/MPLS VPN with Dynamic Labels ............................................................................. 426
Create VRF with Route-distinguisher and Route-target ................................................................... 426
Set Neighbors and Enable VPNv4 Route Exchange ....................................................................... 427
Configure Address Family and Redistributed Connected Routes ................................................... 428
Configure IP Pools with MPLS Labels ............................................................................................. 428
Bind DHCP Service for Corporate Servers ...................................................................................... 428
Bind AAA Group for Corporate Servers ........................................................................................... 429
DSCP and EXP Bit Mapping ............................................................................................................ 429
Proxy-Mobile IP ............................................................................................... 431
Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 432
Proxy Mobile IP in 3GPP2 Service ................................................................................................... 433
Proxy Mobile IP in 3GPP Service ..................................................................................................... 433
Proxy Mobile IP in WiMAX Service .................................................................................................. 434
How Proxy Mobile IP Works in 3GPP2 Network .................................................................................. 435
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Scenario 1: AAA server and PDSN/FA Allocate IP Address ............................................................ 435
Scenario 2: HA Allocates IP Address ............................................................................................... 437
How Proxy Mobile IP Works in 3GPP Network .................................................................................... 440
How Proxy Mobile IP Works in WiMAX Network .................................................................................. 444
Scenario 1: AAA server and ASN GW/FA Allocate IP Address ....................................................... 444
Scenario 2: HA Allocates IP Address ............................................................................................... 446
How Proxy Mobile IP Works in a WiFi Network with Multiple Authentication ....................................... 449
Configuring Proxy Mobile-IP Support ................................................................................................... 454
Configuring FA Services ................................................................................................................... 454
Verify the FA Service Configuration ................................................................................................. 455
Configuring Proxy MIP HA Failover .................................................................................................. 455
Configuring HA Services .................................................................................................................. 456
Configuring Subscriber Profile RADIUS Attributes ........................................................................... 457
RADIUS Attributes Required for Proxy Mobile IP ........................................................................ 457
Configuring Local Subscriber Profiles for Proxy-MIP on a PDSN................................................ 458
Configuring Local Subscriber Profiles for Proxy-MIP on a PDIF ................................................. 459
Configuring Default Subscriber Parameters in Home Agent Context .......................................... 459
Configuring APN Parameters ....................................................................................................... 459
Rf Interface Support ....................................................................................... 463
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 464
Offline Charging Architecture ........................................................................................................... 464
Charging Collection Function ....................................................................................................... 466
Charging Trigger Function ........................................................................................................... 466
Dynamic Routing Agent ............................................................................................................... 466
License Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 466
Supported Standards........................................................................................................................ 466
Features and Terminology .................................................................................................................... 468
Offline Charging Scenarios .............................................................................................................. 468
Basic Principles ............................................................................................................................ 468
Event Based Charging ................................................................................................................. 469
Session Based Charging .............................................................................................................. 469
Diameter Base Protocol.................................................................................................................... 470
Timer Expiry Behavior ...................................................................................................................... 471
Rf Interface Failures/Error Conditions .............................................................................................. 471
DRA/CCF Connection Failure ...................................................................................................... 471
No Reply from CCF ...................................................................................................................... 471
Detection of Message Duplication ............................................................................................... 471
CCF Detected Failure .................................................................................................................. 471
How it Works ......................................................................................................................................... 472
Configuring Rf Interface Support .......................................................................................................... 474
Enabling Rf Interface in Active Charging Service ............................................................................ 474
Configuring GGSN / P-GW Rf Interface Support ............................................................................. 475
Configuring HSGW Rf Interface Support.......................................................................................... 482
Configuring P-CSCF/S-CSCF Rf Interface Support ......................................................................... 492
Enabling Charging for SIP Methods ............................................................................................. 493
Configuring S-GW Rf Interface Support ........................................................................................... 494
Gathering Statistics .......................................................................................................................... 505
Traffic Policing and Shaping ......................................................................... 509
Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 510
Traffic Policing .................................................................................................................................. 510
Traffic Shaping ................................................................................................................................. 510
Traffic Policing Configuration ................................................................................................................ 511
Configuring Subscribers for Traffic Policing ..................................................................................... 511
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Configuring APN for Traffic Policing in 3GPP Networks .................................................................. 512
Traffic Shaping Configuration ............................................................................................................... 514
Configuring Subscribers for Traffic Shaping .................................................................................... 514
Configuring APN for Traffic Shaping in 3GPP Networks ................................................................. 515
RADIUS Attributes ................................................................................................................................ 518
Traffic Policing for CDMA Subscribers ............................................................................................. 518
Traffic Policing for UMTS Subscribers ............................................................................................. 519
P-GW Sample Configuration Files ................................................................ 521
Standalone eGTP PDN Gateway ......................................................................................................... 522
Configuration Sample ....................................................................................................................... 522
Standalone PMIPv6 PDN Gateway Supporting an eHRPD Network ................................................... 534
Configuration Sample ....................................................................................................................... 534
P-GW Engineering Rules ................................................................................ 545
Interface and Port Rules ....................................................................................................................... 546
S2a Interface Rules .......................................................................................................................... 546
LMA to MAG ................................................................................................................................ 546
S5/S8 Interface Rules (GTP) ........................................................................................................... 546
P-GW Context and Service Rules ........................................................................................................ 547
P-GW Subscriber Rules ....................................................................................................................... 548
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About this Guide
This preface describes the Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide, how it is organized,
and its document conventions.
This preface includes the following sections:
Conventions Used
Supported Documents and Resources
Contacting Customer Support
About this Guide
▀ Conventions Used
▄ Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide
xvi
Conventions Used
Icon
Notice Type
Description
Information Note
Provides information about important features or instructions.
Caution
Alerts you of potential damage to a program, device, or system.
Warning
Alerts you of potential personal injury or fatality. May also alert you of potential electrical hazards.
Typeface Conventions
Description
Text represented as a screen
display
This typeface represents displays that appear on your terminal screen, for example:
Login:
Text represented as commands
This typeface represents commands that you enter, for example:
show ip access-list
This document always gives the full form of a command in lowercase letters. Commands
are not case sensitive.
Text represented as a command
variable
This typeface represents a variable that is part of a command, for example:
show card slot_number
slot_number is a variable representing the desired chassis slot number.
Text represented as menu or submenu names
This typeface represents menus and sub-menus that you access within a software
application, for example:
Click the File menu, then click New
The following tables describe the conventions used throughout this documentation.
About this Guide
Supported Documents and Resources ▀
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
xvii
Supported Documents and Resources
Related Common Documentation
The most up-to-date information for this product is available in the product Release Notes provided with each product
release.
The following common documents are available:
Hardware Installation Guide (hardware dependent)
System Administration Guide (hardware dependent)
Cisco ASR 5x00 Command Line Interface Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 AAA Interface Administration and Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 GTPP Interface Administration and Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 Release Change Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 SNMP MIB Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 Statistics and Counters Reference
Cisco ASR 5x00 Thresholding Configuration Guide
Cisco MURAL Software Installation Guide
Cisco MURAL User Guide
Web Element Manager Installation and Administration Guide
Related Product Documentation
The following product documents are also available and work in conjunction with the P-GW:
Cisco ASR 5x00 Gateway GPRS Support Node Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 HRPD Serving Gateway Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 Mobility Management Entity Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 Serving Gateway Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 System Architecture Evolution Gateway Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5000 Application Detection and Control Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 Enhanced Charging Services Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5000 Mobile Video Gateway Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5x00 Network Address Translation Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5000 Personal Stateful Firewall Administration Guide
Cisco ASR 5000 Session Control Manager Administration Guide
About this Guide
▀ Supported Documents and Resources
▄ Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide
xviii
Obtaining Documentation
The most current Cisco documentation is available on the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/psa/default.html
Use the following path selections to access the P-GW documentation:
Products > Wireless > Mobile Internet> Network Functions > Cisco PGW Packet Data Network Gateway
About this Guide
Contacting Customer Support ▀
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
xix
Contacting Customer Support
Use the information in this section to contact customer support.
Refer to the support area of http://www.cisco.com for up-to-date product documentation or to submit a service request.
A valid username and password are required to access this site. Please contact your Cisco sales or service representative
for additional information.
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
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Chapter 1
PDN Gateway Overview
The Cisco® ASR 5x00 provides wireless carriers with a flexible solution that functions as a Packet Data Network
(PDN) Gateway (P-GW) in 3GPP2 Long Term Evolution-System Architecture Evolution (LTE-SAE) and evolved High
Rate Packet Data (eHRPD) wireless data networks.
This overview provides general information about the P-GW including:
Product Description
Network Deployment(s)
Features and Functionality - Base Software
Features and Functionality - Inline Service Support
Features and Functionality - External Application Support
Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software
How the PDN Gateway Works
Supported Standards
PDN Gateway Overview
▀ Product Description
▄ Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide
22
Product Description
The P-GW is the node that terminates the SGi interface towards the PDN. If a UE is accessing multiple PDNs, there
may be more than one P-GW for that UE. The P-GW provides connectivity to the UE to external packet data networks
by being the point of exit and entry of traffic for the UE. A UE may have simultaneous connectivity with more than one
P-GW for accessing multiple PDNs. The P-GW performs policy enforcement, packet filtering for each user, charging
support, lawful interception and packet screening.
Figure 1. P-GW in the Basic E-UTRAN/EPC Network
PDN Gateway Overview
Product Description ▀
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
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Figure 2. P-GW in the Basic E-UTRAN/EPC and eHRPD Network
Another key role of the P-GW is to act as the anchor for mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP technologies such as
WiMAX and 3GPP2 (CDMA 1X and EvDO).
P-GW functions include:
Mobility anchor for mobility between 3GPP access systems and non-3GPP access systems. This is sometimes
referred to as the SAE Anchor function.
Policy enforcement (gating and rate enforcement)
Per-user based packet filtering (deep packet inspection)
Charging support
Lawful Interception
UE IP address allocation
Packet screening
Transport level packet marking in the downlink;
Down link rate enforcement based on Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR)
The following are additional P-GW functions when supporting non-3GPP access (eHRPD):
P-GW includes the function of a Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) according to draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6, if
PMIP-based S5 or S8 is used.
The P-GW includes the function of a DSMIPv6 Home Agent, as described in draft-ietf-mip6-nemo-v4traversal,
if S2c is used.
PDN Gateway Overview
▀ Product Description
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24
Platform Requirements
The P-GW service runs on a Cisco® ASR 5x00 chassis running StarOS. The chassis can be configured with a variety of
components to meet specific network deployment requirements. For additional information, refer to the Installation
Guide for the chassis and/or contact your Cisco account representative.
Licenses
The P-GW is a licensed Cisco product. Separate session and feature licenses may be required. Contact your Cisco
account representative for detailed information on specific licensing requirements. For information on installing and
verifying licenses, refer to the Managing License Keys section of the Software Management Operations chapter in the
System Administration Guide.
PDN Gateway Overview
Network Deployment(s) ▀
Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide ▄
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Network Deployment(s)
This section describes the supported interfaces and the deployment scenarios of a PDN Gateway.
PDN Gateway in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network
The following figure displays the specific network interfaces supported by the P-GW. Refer to Supported Logical
Network Interfaces (Reference Points) for detailed information about each interface.
Figure 3. Supported P-GW Interfaces in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network
The following figure displays a sample network deployment of a P-GW, including all of the interface connections with
other 3GPP Evolved-UTRAN/Evolved Packet Core network devices.
PDN Gateway Overview
▀ Network Deployment(s)
▄ Cisco ASR 5x00 Packet Data Network Gateway Administration Guide
26
Figure 4. P-GW in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points)
The P-GW provides the following logical network interfaces in support of E-UTRAN/EPC network:
S2b Interface
The S2b interface reference point defined between the non-trusted non-3GPP ePDG (Evolved Packet Data Gateway)
and the P-GW uses PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IP version 6) for providing access to the EPC. GTPv2-C is the signaling
protocol used on the S2b. The S2b interface is based on 3GPP TS 29.274.
The S2b interface runs PMIPv6 protocol to establish WLAN UE sessions with the P-GW. It also supports the transport
of P-CSCF attributes and DNS attributes in PBU (Proxy-MIP Binding Update) and PBA (Proxy-MIP Binding
Acknowledgement) messages as part of the P-CSCF discovery performed by the WLAN UEs.
S5/S8 Interface
PDN Gateway Overview
Network Deployment(s) ▀
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This reference point provides tunneling and management between the S-GW and the P-GW, as defined in 3GPP TS
23.401 and TS 23.402. The S8 interface is an inter-PLMN reference point between the S-GW and the P-GW used
during roaming scenarios. The S5 interface is used between an S-GW and P-GW located within the same administrative
domain (non-roaming). It is used for S-GW relocation due to UE mobility and if the S-GW needs to connect to a noncollocated P-GW for the required PDN connectivity.
Supported protocols
Transport Layer: UDP, TCP
Tunneling:
GTP: GTPv2-C (signaling channel), GTPv1-U (bearer channel)
PMIPv6: GRE or IP-in-IP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
S6b Interface
This reference point, between a P-GW and a 3GPP AAA server/proxy, is used for mobility-related authentication. It
may also be used to retrieve and request parameters related to mobility and to retrieve static QoS profiles for UEs (for
non-3GPP access) in the event that dynamic PCC is not supported.
From Release 12.2 onwards, the S6b interface has been enhanced to pass on the UE assigned IPv6 address (IPv6 prefix
and IPv6 interface ID) to the AAA server. S6b interface also has support for Framed-IPv6-Pool, Framed IP Pool, and
served party IP address AVPs based IP allocation. With this support, based on the Pool name and APN name received
from AAA server, the selection of a particular IP pool from the configuration is made for assigning the IP address.
PDN Gateway Overview
▀ Network Deployment(s)
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The S6b interface on the P-GW or GGSN can be manually disabled to stop all message traffic to the 3GPP AAA during
overload conditions. When the interface is disabled, the system uses locally configured APN-specific parameters
including: Framed-Pool, Framed-IPv6-Pool, Idle-Timeout, Charging-Gateway-Function-Host, Server-Name (P-CSCF
FQDN). This manual method is used when the HSS/3GPP AAA is in overload condition to allow the application to
recover and mitigate the impact to subscribers
Release 12.3 onwards, the IPv6 address reporting through Authorization-Authentication-Request (AAR) towards the
S6b interface is no longer a default feature. It is now configurable through the CLI.
Another enhancement on S6b interface support is the new S6b retry-and-continue functionality that creates an automatic
trigger in the GGSN and P-GW to use the locally configured APN profile upon receipt of any uniquely defined
Diameter error code on the S6b interface for an Authorization-Authentication-Request (AA-R) only. This procedure
would be utilized in cases where a protocol, transient, or permanent error code is returned from the both the primary and
secondary AAA to the GGSN or P-GW. In case of retry-and-continue functionality, P-GW should query from DNS
server if it is configured in APN. S6b failure handling continues the data call. This behavior is only applicable to the
aaa-custom15 Diameter dictionary.
Important: The S6b interface can be disabled via the CLI in the event of a long-term AAA outage.
Important: This interface is supported through license-enabled feature. For more information on this support,
refer to the section of this guide.
Supported protocols:
Transport Layer: TCP, SCTP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
SGi Interface
This reference point provides connectivity between the P-GW and a packet data network (3GPP TS 23.401). This
interface can provide access to a variety of network types including an external public or private PDN and/or an i nternal
IMS service provisioning network.
Supported protocols:
Transport Layer: TCP, UDP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
PDN Gateway Overview
Network Deployment(s) ▀
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Gx Interface
This signalling interface supports the transfer of policy control and charging rules information (QoS) between the Policy
and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF) on the P-GW and a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) server
(3GPP TS 23.401).
Supported protocols:
Transport Layer: TCP, SCTP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
For more information on the Gx interface, refer to Dynamic Policy Charging Control (Gx Reference Interface) in the
Features and Functionality - Base Software section of this chapter.
Gy Interface
The Gy reference interface enables online accounting functions on the P-GW in accordance with 3GPP Release 8 and
Release 9 specifications.
Supported protocols:
Transport Layer: TCP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
PDN Gateway Overview
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For more information on the Gy interface and online accounting, refer to Gy Interface Support in the Features and
Functionality - Base Software section of this chapter.
Gz Interface
The Gz reference interface enables offline accounting functions on the P-GW. The P-GW collects charging information
for each mobile subscriber UE pertaining to the radio network usage.
Supported protocols:
Transport Layer: TCP
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
Gn/Gp Interface
This reference point provides tunneling and management between the P-GW and the SGSN during handovers between
the EPS and 3GPP 2G and/or 3G networks (3GPP TS 29.060). For more information on the Gn/Gp interface, refer to
Gn/Gp Handoff Support in the Features and Functionality - Base Software section of this chapter.
Supported protocols
Transport Layer: UDP, TCP
Tunneling: GTP: GTP-C (signaling channel)
Network Layer: IPv4, IPv6
Data Link Layer: ARP
Physical Layer: Ethernet
Rf Interface
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