Apple 4400 User Manual

Chapter 1 Get ting Started Chapter 2 Get ting H elp Chapter 3 Connecting Equipment and Expan ding Your Computer Chapter 4 Installing and Using Ap plic ation Programs Chapter 5 Conn ecting Your Computer to a Network

Follow the instructions in this

chapter to set up your computer

and learn the basics.

Getting Started

The illustration on the next page shows all the equipment you will need to set up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat surface near a grounded wall outlet. Before following the setup instructions in this chapter, you may want to read “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A (in the section on health-related information) for tips on adjusting your work furniture so that you’re comfortable when using the computer.

Pluggin g in the computer

Before you plug your Macintosh into a wall socket, carefully read all the setup instructions in this chapter. Then, before you connect any other devices to it, follow the instructions on how to plug in your Macintosh. The plug grounds the computer and protects it from electrical damage while you are setting up.

Computer power cord

Monitor cable

(sometimes built into the monitor)

Keyboard

Communication card access cover

(already installed in your computer if you have

an optional communication card installed)

Mouse

Keyboard cable

(sometimes built

into the keyboard

as shown here)

Monitor

(your monitor may look different)

Macintosh computer

Monitor power cord

(sometimes built into the monitor)

Chapter 1

When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:

Set the switch to show “115” for voltages less than 135; set it to show “230” for voltages greater than 180. (Your computer will not operate in the 135–179 volt range.)

Check to see that the voltage switch on the back of your computer is properly set before you plug it in. If you need to change the setting, insert a small screwdriver here and slide the switch.

1Make sure the voltage switch on the back of the computer is set for the kind of voltage

system to which you will be connecting.

The voltage switch must be set correctly to avoid damaging your computer. If you don’t know the voltage used in the country you’re in, refer to the table “Voltages for Different Locations” later in this section.

WARNING

Setting the correct voltage for your computer does not set the voltage for your monitor. To protect your monitor, be sure to use the appropriate adapter or voltage converter, if one is necessary.

Getting Started

Voltages for different locations

Country Single voltage

Japan 100 South Korea 100/220 Jamaica, Taiwan 110 Peru 110/220 Brazil, Lebanon 110–220 Philippines 115 Bermuda, Canada, Puerto Rico, United States, Venezuela 120 Mexico 127 Saudi Arabia 127/220 Hong Kong 200 India, South Africa 220–250 Israel, Pakistan, Singapore 230 Australia, Kuwait, Malta, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, 240

Papua New Guinea, Oman, Qatar, United Kingdom

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 220–230 Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland

Bahrain, Chile, China (People’s Republic), Czechoslovakia, 220 Egypt, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Liechtenstein, Nepal, Paraguay, Poland, Romania, United Arab Emirates, Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Yemen, Yugoslavia

2Plug the socket end of the computer power cord into the recessed power cord socket

(marked with the symbol ≤) on the back of the computer.

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3Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Power cord plug Power cord socket

Choose a power outlet to which you have easy access.

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug!

IMPORTANT

Be sure that at least one end of the power cord is within easy

reach so that you can unplug the computer when you need to.

If the computer starts up: If you hear a tone, the computer has started up and you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the power button located on the front of the computer to turn it off. (Refer to Chapter 3, “Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer,” for an illustration showing the location of the power button on the front of the computer.)

Getting Started

Connecting a monitor

You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a monitor from a manufacturer other than Apple, refer to the instructions that came with it.

WARNING

Setting the correct voltage for your computer does not set the voltage for your monitor. To protect your monitor, be sure to use the appropriate adapter or voltage converter, if one is necessary.

Connecting the monitor power cord

Monitors have two cords to connect—a power cord and a monitor cable. To connect the monitor power cord, follow these steps:

1Place the monitor where you will be using it.

Keep these considerations in mind: m The case of the computer is sturdy enough for you to place on top of it any

monitor that is 17 inches or smaller.

m Allow at least 3 inches for air circulation around the sides of the computer

and monitor.

m Make sure that the top of the screen is slightly below eye level when you’re

sitting at the keyboard.

m Position the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows.

m Consult “Arra nging Your Office” in Appendix A for suggestions on

positioning your computer equipment.

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2Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor.

Monitor power cord

Monitor power socket

On some monitors, the cord is already attached.

3Plug in the monitor power cord.

Be sure to plug the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Getting Started

Connecting the monitor c abl e

Monitor cable

™

Monitor port

After you plug in the monitor power cord, you connect the monitor cable to the co mputer’s monitor port.

To connect the monitor cable, follow these steps:

1Attach the monitor cable to the monitor.

On some monitors, the cable is already attached (as shown below).

2Attach the monitor cable to the monitor port on the back panel of the computer.

The monitor port is marked with the ™ icon (symbol).

Chapter 1

Connecting the mouse and keyboard

To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.

This cable plugs into the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port, marked with the

icon, on the back of the computer.

Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug should be pointing down, as shown here.

1Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard.

The plug and the port are marked with the V icon. The positions of the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured.

By the way: A port marked with the V icon is called a n Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port.

2If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet of the keyboard.

Getting Started

3Plug the keyboard cable into the port marked with the Vicon on the back of

ADB port

the computer.

Some monitors have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or mouse. See the information that came with your monitor.

Connecting other equipment

If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in this chapter.

When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the instructions in Chapter 3.

Chapter 1

Turning the computer on for the first time

Power button

To tu r n the computer on for the first time, follow these steps:

1 Turn on the monitor.

See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the power switch. On newer Apple monitors, the power switch is located on the front of the unit.

Note: If you have extra dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) installed in your computer, it can take several seconds for larger monitors to turn on. (The screen remains black.)

2 Turn on your computer by pressing the power button on the front of the unit.

You hear a tone from your computer as it starts up. Note: You only need to use the power button on the front of your computer to

turn it on for the very first time; from now on, you can press the Power key on the keyboard to turn on the computer. Refer to “Turning the Computer On” later in this chapter for information about using the Power key on the keyboard to start up your computer.

Getting Started

3Check to see what’s on your screen.

You see a sequence of messages describing what is happening, followed by the Energy Saver dialog box.

m If you see a blinking question mark, see “Solutions to Common Problems”

in Chapter 6.

m If you see anything else on your screen, or if you see nothing at all, see the

section “Problems Starting Up?” next in this chapter.

m If you are a beginning Macintosh user, press the Return key on your

keyboard when the Energy Saver dialog box appears.

m If you’re an experienced Macintosh user, you may want to set your energy-

saving options now. For more information, refer to “Saving Energy With the Energy Saver Control Panel,” later in this chapter, and to the “Saving Energy” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

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m If, when you press Return, you see the Macintosh desktop (shown here),

your system software is already set up correctly. Skip now to the section, “What’s Next?”

Hard disk icon

Macintosh desktop

Note: To save energy, your computer is automatically set to put itself to sleep if you haven’t used it for 30 minutes or more (the computer goes into powersaving mode and the screen turns black). If this happens while you’re setting the co mputer up, simply press the Power key or any key on the keyboard but Caps Lock to “wake up” the computer (it may take a few seconds). See “Saving Energy With the Energy Saver Control Panel,” later in this chapter for more information on setting power-savi ng options.

Getting Started

Problem s starting up?

If the screen is dark, check these items to see if you can identify the problem: m Is the computer turned on? T he power-on light on the front of the

computer should be on. If it isn’t, press the power button on th e front of the co mputer.

m Is the power cord connected to the computer, and is the cord plugged into a

power source?

m If the computer is plugged into a power strip, is the power strip turned on? m Are the keyboard and mouse cables connected correctly? (Don’t disconnect

the keyboard or mouse cable while the computer is on. You could damage your equipment.)

m Is the monitor power cord plugged in? m Is the monitor cable attached firmly to both the monitor and computer? m Is the monitor turned on? (Check the power-on light on the front of

the monitor.)

m Is the brightness and contrast control on the monitor adjusted correctly?

(On most monitors, the control is marked with the ¸ icon.)

m If you have an external hard disk attached to your computer, is that hard

disk turn ed on? Was it turned on before you turned on the computer? If you’ re not sure, turn everything off. Then turn on the external hard disk before you turn on the computer.

If you see a blinking question mark on the screen, you probably need to read “Solutions to Common Problems” in Chapter 6.

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What’s next?

Yo u’ve finished setting up your computer. Continue with one of the following steps:

m If you are new to the Macintosh, turn to the next section, “Learning

the Basics.” When you’ve learned the basic Macintosh skills, turn to the section “Saving En ergy With the Energy Saver Control Panel” to learn how to set energy-saving options for your computer.

m If you are an experienced Macintosh user, tur n to the section “Saving

Energy with th e Energy Saver Control Panel,” later in this chapter, to learn how to set energy-saving options for your computer. Then turn to Chapter 2, “Getting Help,” to lear n about Macintosh Guide, your main source of information when you’re working with the Macintosh.

m If you want to connect additional equipment, such as a microphone, to your

computer, see Chapter 3, “Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer,” for instructions.

m If you want to install application software on your computer, see Chapter 4,

“Installing and Using Application Programs.” You need this information to set up any applications specifically designed for Power Macintosh computers.

IMPORTANT

If you need to turn off your computer at any point, please see “Turni ng the Computer Off” later in this chapter. It is very important to use the correct procedure for shutting down your Macintosh before turning it off.

Getting Started

Learning the basics

Mouse button

If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easy-to-use program called the Macintosh Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you the basic skills you need to use your computer. To start the tutorial, follow these steps:

1Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk.

Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Rest the heel of your palm on the desk and grasp the sides of the mouse between your thumb and fingers. Use your wrist and fingers to slide the mouse around with the index finger resting on the mouse button. Don’t press the mouse button (under your index finger). Notice that the ar row (8) on the screen moves in the same direction that you move the mouse.

If the arrow doesn’t move, make sure that the cables connecting the mouse and keyboard are secure and that your mouse is positioned as shown in the illustration.

2Move the tip of the arrow (8) to the question mark (h) in the upper-right portion of

the screen.

If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse, pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.)

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3With the tip of the arrow on the question mark, press and hold down the mouse button.

A list of choices (called a menu) appears. This is the Guide (h) menu, which is the place to go when you have a question about how to use your computer.

4While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow until the words “Macintosh

Tutorial” are highlighted, then release the mouse button.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed the tutorial, return to this book.

Getting Started

Reviewing the basic s

Look at the following illustrations to review the elements you use on your screen to work with your computer.

Icons

Window

Menus

The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and words in it represent menus of commands. To open a menu, place the pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press the mouse button.

Guide menu

To find an answer to a question,

look in the Guide (

) menu.

Application menu

You can have several application programs open at once. To see which program is active or to switch from one program to another, use this menu (called the Application menu).

Chapter 1

Icons

Icons are small pictures that represent disks, programs, documents, and folders. You can double-click any icon to open it and see what it contains.

This icon represents your computer’s internal hard disk.

Icons like this one represent application programs, which you use to create documents and do other work.

Icons like this one represent documents, which you can create and edit.

Icons like this represent folders. A folder contains other icons.

To throw away an item you no longer want, drag it to the Trash icon and choose Empty Trash from the Special menu.

Windows

Windows are boxes that display text, graphics, or icons. To change the shape or position of a window, or to close the window, use the elements shown here.

To bring a partially covered window to

the front, click

anywhere in it.

Close box

To close a window, click the close box.

Title bar

To move a window, drag it by the middle of the title bar (anywhere in the bar except the small boxes).

Scroll arrow

To bring hidden portions of a window’s contents into view, click one of the four scroll arrows.

Size box

To change the shape or size of a window, drag the size box.

Getting Started

Saving energy with the Energy Saver control panel

When you save energy, you save natural resources and reduce pollution. Your Power Macintosh contains features that automatically save energy. You can increase the savings by using the Energy Saver control panel to shut down your computer if you won’t be using it for a while—for example, overnight or over th e weekend.

The Energy Saver dialog box (shown in step 3 of “Turni ng the Computer On for the First Time” earlier in this chapter) appears every time you start up your computer until you open the Energy Saver control panel. Once you open the control panel, you can keep the preset options shown there or set your own energy-savi ng options. If you do not want to set your energy-savi ng options when the En ergy Saver dialog box is displayed, you can click Close Message or press Return (the Energy Saver dialog box continues to appear when you start up your computer).

Setting energy-saving options

You can get to the En ergy Saver control panel by clicking Specify Settings in the En ergy Saver dialog box that appears when you start up your computer or by choosing Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu.

The Energy Saver control panel displays options you can accept or change. For more information on using the En ergy Saver control panel, see the “Saving Energy” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 1

Putting you r computer to sleep

Your Power Macintosh is preset to put itself to sleep after 30 minutes of inactivity. When your computer goes to sleep, the screen enters a low-power mode in which it dims and the hard disk stops spinning but remains ready to start back up quickly. (To prevent your computer from overheating, the fan continues to spin.) If the computer goes to sleep while you have unsaved information on screen, you do not lose any of the information.

To put your computer to sleep right away, choose the Sleep command from the Special menu, or press the Power key on the keyboard to bring up the Shutdown dialog box pictured below.

Click here to put your computer to sleep now.

To set sleep options, use the Energy Saver control panel, available under Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu.

Click here to have the computer shut

down instead of

going to sleep.

Click here to set

separate timing for

monitor sleep.

Click here to set

separate timing for

hard disk sleep.

Click here to set up automatic startup and shutdown.

Drag the slider to set the time to wait before sleeping.

Getting Started

Waking you r c om puter from sleep

To wake the computer from sleep, press any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock. (It may take a moment or two for the computer to awaken.) The documents and application programs you had op en when the computer went to sleep are still open and unsaved changes are preserved.

Accessing a sleeping computer over a network

If your computer is being used as a server, other users can still access it over a network while it is asleep if you set ser ver options that prevent the hard disk from going to sleep. (You can set server options using the Preferences menu when the E n ergy Saver control panel is displayed.) The network connection does not have to be established before the computer goes to sleep. However, if you’ve chosen to have your computer shut itself down rather than go to sleep, other users will not be able to access it over a network after the computer shuts itself down.

Scheduling automatic startup and shutdown

You can set your computer to start up and shut down at specified times using the Energy Saver control panel. For information on using the Energy Saver control panel, see the “Saving Energy” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. If there’s an unsaved document open on your desktop when the scheduled shutdown time occurs, it is saved automatically for you in a folder on your startup disk. The folder is named with the date and time of the shutdown.

Click here to set your

computer to start up

automatically. (Use

the pull-down menu

and text box to

choose frequency

Chapter 1

Click here to set up sleep options.

and time.)

Click here to set your computer to shut down automatically.

Inse rting a CD-ROM disc or other CD

Place the CD disc, label side up, in the CD-ROM drive tray.

Open/Close button

Your internal CD-ROM drive works with CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and single-session or multisession Photo CDs. Follow these instructions to inser t a CD-ROM disc (or other CD) into your CD-ROM drive. Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the instructions in this manual.

1 Start up your Macintosh computer, if it’s not already on. 2Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive.

The tray opens.

3Place a disc in the tray with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it is centered within the inside ring on the tray.

Getting Started

4Close the tray by gently pushing it in or by pressing the Open/Close button.

In a few moments, an icon for the disc appears on your screen. For more information about working with a CD-ROM disc or other CD, see

the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on using Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of thi s manual.

CD-ROM disc vibration

Your CD-ROM drive reads CD-ROM discs very quickly, but because of the high rotation speed of the drive, some CD-ROM discs can wobble in it and cause the computer to vibrate. This vibration affects very few CD-ROM discs and does not damage your computer or the CD-ROM disc itself, but you should be aware of the vibration in case it occurs.

What causes the vibration? Some CD-ROM disc labels have artwork on them that can cause the CD-ROM disc’s weight to be slightly off-center. For example, the label (or “paint”) on the CD-ROM disc may be noticeably thicker on one side than the other. A slightly off-center CD-ROM disc spinning in the drive can wobble and cause your computer to vibrate.

Chapter 1

Eje cting a CD-ROM disc or other CD

You eject a CD-ROM disc or other CD with the Put Away command in the File menu.

1Close any files and quit any programs you've opened on the CD-ROM disc.

You cannot eject a disc that contains files or applications that are in use by your computer.

2Click the disc icon to select it. 3Choose Put Away from the File menu.

The tray opens. Note: You can also eject a CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.

4 Remove the disc. Then either gently push the tray in or press the Open/Close button to

close the tray.

Turning the computer off

You can turn your computer off either with the Power key or by using the Shut Down command.

Using the Power key

To tu r n the c omputer off using the Power key (marked with a triangle) on the keyboard, follow these instructions:

1If the computer is in sleep mode, press any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock to

wake it.

For information on the sleep feature of your Macintosh, see “Saving Energy With the Energy Saver Control Panel” earlier in this chapter.

Getting Started

2Press and hold down the Power key on the keyboard for about 2 seconds.

The following dialog box appears on the screen:

3Press the Return key on the keyboard, or click the Shut Down button in the dialog box. 4 Turn off the monitor.

Using the Shut Down c ommand

You can also turn your computer off by using the Shut Down command in the Special menu. Follow these steps:

1If the computer is in sleep mode, press the Power key or any key on the keyboard except

Caps Lock to wake it.

2Move the tip of the arrow to the word “Special” at the top center of the screen.

Chapter 1

If the word “Special” does not appear in the menu bar at the top of the screen, you’re not working in the Finder, the application you need to be in when you shut down your computer. Choose Finder from the Application menu (at the far right of the menu bar). Then try step 2 again.

3With the tip of the arrow on the word “Special,” press and hold down the mouse button. 4While holding down the mouse button, drag the arrow until the words “Shut Down” are

highlighted, then release the button.

5 Turn off the monitor.

To tu r n the c omputer on again, just press the Power key on the keyboard.

If you can’t shut down your compu t er

If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key on the keyboard or choosing Shut Down—for example, if the computer “freezes” so that the pointer does not respond to the mouse—you can tur n off the computer by pressing the power button on the front of the computer. Use this method only if you cannot choose Shut Down or Restart after following the instructions in “Using the Power Key” or “Using the Shut Down Command.”

IMPORTANT

You could lose unsaved work if you use the power button on the front of the computer to turn off your computer. Only use the power button when there is a problem that prevents the computer from being turned off with the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command. To make sure your work is saved, use the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

Getting Started

Turning the computer on

To tu r n the c omputer on after you’ve shut it down with either the menu command or the keyboard, press the Power key on the keyboard. The Power key is marked with a triangle symbol.

Note: You also have to turn on the monitor separately each time you turn on the co mputer.

Chapter 1

Whe re to fin d answers

User’s ManualUser’s Manual

Power MacintoshPower Macintosh

When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several places you can look for answers.

In this book

Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it, or to find solutions to problems.

In the Guide menu

The Guide menu (marked with the hicon) is your main source of information about the Macintosh. You can find information here that is not covered in this manual. To learn how to get different kinds of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.

In other manuals

For answers to questions about other equipment or about application programs you have purchased, see the manuals that came with the equipment or programs.

In the About Apple Extras file

The Apple Extras folder on your hard disk contains a SimpleText document (often called a “Read Me” file) called About Apple Extras with important information about some of the application programs included with your computer. Read Me files can also be found inside application folders.

From Apple’s customer support hotline

If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the customer support hotline. (The phone number for the hotline is in the service and support information that came with your computer.)

If you have problems with a particular application program, contact the manufacturer of the program. See the service and support information that came with your computer for information about getting updated Apple software.

Getting Started

Use the instructions in this

chapter to learn about the help

available to you in the Guide menu.

Getting Help

TheGuide menu contains online help and information and is your main source of information when working with your computer. Th e menu is identified by a question mark (

h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.

Getting answers to your questions

When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu.

1 Open the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder

to make it the active application program.

A checkmark appears beside the Finder command, indicating that the Finder is the active program.

2 Open the Guide menu (marked with the

icon) and choose Macintosh Guide.

The Macintosh Guide window appears.

Chapter 2

Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other windows. If the wi ndow gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its title ba r (the gray bar across the top of the window).

3Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:

Topics

lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of

contents in a book.

Index

lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it

is like the index in a book.

Look For

lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase

that you type. In the following sections you will practice using each method. If you have problems while using Macintosh Guide, see “Tips for Using

Macintosh Guide” later in this chapter.

Getting Help

Getting answers with the Topics button

1In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topic areas appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topic areas may look different.)

2In the list of topics, click “Customizing Your Computer.”

When you click any topic area, a list of related phrases and questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, you click a phrase or question…

…and then click OK.

Chapter 2

3Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, you click

this button.

4 Read and follow the instructions in this window.

5When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

You click here to see the next step (if there is one).

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting answers with the Index button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of index terms appears on the left side of the window.

Slider

Scroll bar

Getting Help

2Scroll through the alphabetical list until the term “background pattern” is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter “B” or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.

3Click the term “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index term, a list of related phrases and questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, you click a phrase or question…

…and then click OK.

4Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK.

Or double-click the question.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, you click

this button.

Chapter 2

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

To see the next step (if there is one), you click here.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.

To activate the text

box, you click here.

You type a word or

phrase in the text

box…

…and then click here.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting answers with the Look For button

A small box where you can type text appears on the left side of the window.

2Click the arrow button to activate the text box.

Getting Help

3Type “trash” in the text box, then click Search.

When you click Search, a list of phrases and questions related to the word or phrase you typed app ears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, you click a phrase or question…

…and then click OK.

4Click the question “How do I turn off the Empty Trash warning?” and then click OK. Or

double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

If you want to close

Macintosh Guide,

you click here.

To see the next step (if there is one), you click here.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to seethe next step.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to

close Macintosh Guide.

Chapter 2

Tips for using Macintosh Guide

Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively: m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the

program that displays the desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, open the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.

m Foll ow the steps when you’re instructed to; don’t skip ahead or read

ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you’ve don e a step correctly.

m Unlike most windows, the Macintosh Guide window stays in front of

other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag it by the title bar at the top of the window.

You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom box in the upper-right corner of the window. Click the box once to shrink the window; click it a second time to expand the window to its original size.

m If you need more information about an instr uction or a term, click the

button labeled “Huh?” to get a further explanation. (The “Huh?” button is dimmed when no additional information is available.)

m If you want to retur n to the main Macintosh Guide window, click the

Topics button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.

m When you’re finished using Macintosh Guide, click the close box in

the upper-left corner of the window.

Close box

Topics button

Title bar

Zoom box

Right arrow

“Huh?” button

Getting Help

Identifying what’s on your computer screen

Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, “What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help.

Using balloons like those you see in comic strips, Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen.

Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:

1 Open the Guide menu (marked with the

2With your mouse, move the pointer to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

icon) and choose Show Balloons.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for example, pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the Trash.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way you work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and so on.

3When you’re finished using Balloon Help, open the Guide menu again and choose Hide

Balloons.

Chapter 2

Learning useful shortcuts

You can perform many tasks i n the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.

Foll ow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts:

1 Open the Guide menu (marked with the

2Click one of the category buttons.

If you want to

close the window,

you click here.

icon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.

To return to the main

Macintosh Shortcuts

window for more

categories, you click

the Topics button.

To see the next window (if there is one), you click here.

Getting Help

3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to see the next window (if there is one).

4When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button

in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

Chapter 2

Con nectin g Equipment

Read this chapter for information on

expanding your computer system

with additional hardware.

and Expanding Your Computer

The illustration on the next page shows the basic computer system you now have. You can expand your computer system by connecting additional hardware (such as a SCSI device, printer, modem, or external stereo speakers) to its external ports or by connecting it to a network.

For instructions on connecting audio and SCSI equipment and connecting to an Ethernet network, see the next three sections of this chapter. For instructions on connecting other equipment, see the manuals that came with the equipment.

Installing expansion cards and additional memory

You can also expand your computer by installing items inside the computer. Items you ca n install include PCI and communication cards (such as an internal modem or an Ethernet card), additional random-access memory (RAM), a High Performance Module (level 2 cache) and additional randomaccess memory for video.

Instructions for installing these internal accessories are provided in Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards and Additional Memory,” later in this manual.

MouseKeyboard

CD-ROM driveMonitor

Internal hard

disk drive

Speaker

Floppy disk drive

Computer

CD-ROM drive Open/Close button

Power key

Use this key to turn your computer on and off.

Power button

A green light indicates that the computer is on.

Your computer’s ports and connectors

Chapter 3

SCSI port

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port keyboard or a trackball.

Printer port

External modem port

Access covers for Covers ports for optional Peripheral Component Interconnect expansion slots (PCI) slot expansion cards.

Connects your Macintosh to SCSI equipment, such as external

hard disk drives and scanners. Connects your Macintosh to an input device, such as a

Connects your Macintosh to a printer, LocalTalk network, or

[

GeoPort device such as the GeoPort Telecom Adapter and the QuickTake 150 digital camera.

Connects your Macintosh to an external modem or GeoPort

device, such as the GeoPort Telecom Adapter and the QuickTake 150 digital camera.

Communication Contains an optional communication card (such as an internal

Monitor port

SCSI port

Sound output port

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port

Sound input port

Power socket

External modem portPrinter port

[

™

≤

≈

Access covers for PCI expansion slots (2)

Communication card

(optional)

card slot (optional) modem or Ethernet card). If your computer did not come with

a communication card already installed, this access cover looks the same as the access covers on the PCI expansion slots. (It does not have an opening for the communication card.) If your computer did not come with a communication card installed, an access cover with an opening for a communication card is included in the box your computer came in (in case you decide to install the card later).

Sound input port

Sound output port

Monitor port

Connects your Macintosh to another audio source, such as an

≈

Apple PlainTalk microphone or a compact disc or audio cassette player.

Connects your Macintosh to sound output equipment, such as

externally powered (amplified) speakers. Connects your Macintosh to your monitor.

™

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting audio equip ment

Sound input port

Sound output port

Your Macintosh can play and record stereo sound from a variety of sources. By connecting audio equipment to the sound input and output ports on the computer, you can listen to or reproduce stereo sound. Using the internal CD-ROM player, your computer can also play and record sound from audio compact discs (CDs).

For information on using Macintosh system software to choose audio input and output options, record an alert sound, or play audio CDs, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

About your computer ’s sound ports an d featur es

Thesound input port is marked with an icon of a microphone (≈). T he sound output port is marked with an icon of a speaker (-).

Chapter 3

The computer’s sound input por t (≈) accepts the 3.5-mm audio connectors

Extended miniplugStereo miniplug

shown below. The sound output port (-) (where you might connect external speakers) accepts only the stereo miniplug.

The stereo miniplug is found most often on stereo equipment (such as externally powered speakers). The extended miniplug, which is slightly longer and is found on voice quality microphones (such as the Apple PlainTalk Microphone), works only in your computer’s sound input port (≈). (Even though it will fit into the sound output port, it won’t work there.) If your equipment has a different type of connector from those shown here, you can purchase an adapter at an electronics supply store.

Connecting audio equipment

To play or record sound with your Macintosh, you can attach a microphone or a pair of speakers.

For instructions on connecting specific equipment, see the following sections later i n this chapter:

m “Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone” m “Connecting External Stereo Speakers” m “Connecting Headphones”

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Foll ow these general instructions when connecting audio equipment to

Stereo miniplug

the Macintosh:

1Make sure that the audio equipment has a cable with a stereo miniplug or extended

miniplug connector.

If it does not, attach an adapter that has a stereo miniplug.

2Place the audio equipment near the Macintosh. 3Shut down the Macintosh and turn off the audio equipment. 4Attach the cable to the audio equipment and to the appropriate sound port on

the Macintosh.

To record incoming sound on the computer, connect the audio equipment to thesound input port (≈).

To record the sound produced by the computer or play that sound through externally powered (amplified) speakers, connect the audio equipment to the sound output port (-).

5 Turn on the computer and the audio equipment.

Yo u’re now ready to begin listening to and working with sound. You can adjust the volume using the Monitors & Sound control panel, which

uses software inside your computer to adjust sound. See the next section, “Adjusting Volume and Sound.”

Chapter 3

Adjusting volume and sound

There are several ways to adjust the volume on your computer: m Use the volume controls on the front of your monitor if your monitor

comes with built-in speakers. m Use the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control panel, as

shown below. The Monitors & Sound control panel can be found in the

Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. m Use the volume control slider i n the AppleCD Audio Player if you are

playing an audio CD. The AppleCD Audio Player can be found in the

Apple (K) menu. The volume set in the Monitors & Sound control panel

also affects the volume of the audio CD.

1 Click here to view

sound controls.

For more information about your

computer’s sound, click here.

2 Adjust the volume slider.

Note: Some monitors also place a “Monitor Sound” icon at the top of the Monitors & Sound control panel.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Tip: You may prefer to set the Sound Out Level slider to about the middle of

Apple PlainTalk Microphone

the slider bar. This way, when you adjust the volume later in other ways— through th e AppleCD Audio Player or through the volume controls on the computer or monitor—you can hear your adjustments better because the computer itself is set to about the middle of its volume range.

For more information about sound, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide, availabl e in t he Guide (h) menu.

Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone

Your computer has a sound input port (≈), w hich you can use to connect an Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included with some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple PlainTalk Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer. You cannot connect non-Apple microphones.

Note: The sound input port does not support the Apple Omni microphone (the round microphone shipped with some earlier models of Macintosh) or the attenuated RCA adapter provided with some models of Macintosh.

Chapter 3

To connect the microphone, follow the steps below. Note: If you want to record sound using the microphone built into your

monitor (if you have such a monitor), see “Using Your Monitor’s Built-in Microphone,” later in this section.

1Shut down the Macintosh. 2Plug the microphone’s connector into the sound input port (≈) on the back of

the computer.

3Place the microphone at the top center of the monitor, with the microphone’s Apple (

icon facing you.

)

If you can’t place the microphone on top of the monitor, position the microphone according to these guidelines:

m The microphone should be between one and three feet away from you. m The microphone should be directly i n front of you to minimize the

effect of background noises.

4 Turn on the computer.

Next, make sure the Sound In source in your computer is set to External Microphone.

5 Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Apple (

Sound icon.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

) menu and click the

6Click the Sound Input pop-up menu and choose External Microphone.

1 Click here to view

sound controls.

For more information about your

computer’s sound, click here.

2 Choose External Microphone from the pop-up menu.

7Click the close box in the upper-left corner of the Monitors & Sound control panel to

close it. (The control panel does not have to remain open while you’re recording.)

Yo u’re now ready to begin using your microphone. See the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h)

menu, for instructions on recording.

Chapter 3

Using your monitor’s built-in microphone

If your monitor has a built-in microphone and you want to use it to record, follow these steps:

1 Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control Panels folder in the

Apple (K) menu.

2Click the Sound icon. 3From the Sound Input pop-up menu, choose External Microphone. 4 In the Monitors & Sound control panel, mute your monitor’s built-in speakers.

You may need to click a “Monitor Sound” icon at the top of the Monitors & Sound control panel to display your monitor’s sound controls and mute its built-in speakers.

5 In the Monitors & Sound control panel, select your monitor’s built-in microphone.

You may need to click a “Monitor Sound” icon at the top of the Monitors & Sound control panel to display your monitor’s sound controls and select its built-in microphone.

See the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, if you need further instructions on recording.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting external stereo s peakers

Audio In port

Sound output port

Externally

powered

speakers

Stereo miniplug

You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching externally powered (amplified) speakers.

1 Assemble the speakers and the cable you need.

You need a cable with a stereo miniplug at one end to connect one or both speakers to the computer.

Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter. Others, like those shown in the next illustration, accept a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard speaker wires. See the documentation that came with your speakers for more information.

2 Turn off the Macintosh.

3Plug the stereo miniplug into the sound output port (-) on the Macintosh. 4Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary.

Your finished connections should look something like this:

Chapter 3

5 Turn on the computer.

SCSI port

SCSI icon

Now you’re ready to hear full-range stereo sound coming from the speakers. To adjust the overall volume, use the Monitors & Sound control panel, which

uses software inside your computer to adjust volume. (For more information, see “Adjusting Volume and Sound,” earlier in this section.)

Connecting headphones

If your monitor has a headphone jack, you can connect headphones to it. For more information on listening with headphones, see the “Sound” topic

area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h)menu.

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external hard disk

Your computer has a port for connecting devices that use the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI, pronounced “skuh-zee”). SCSI devices commonly used with th e Macintosh include hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners, tape or cartridge backup drives, and some printers. The SCSI port p ermits high-speed communication between the computer and the device. The SCSI icon appears below the port on the computer’s back panel.

You can connect SCSI devices to the SCSI port i n a chainlike fashion. The first device in the chain plugs into the SCSI port; the second device plugs into the first device, and so on. You can attach up to seven external SCSI devices to the SCSI port. Each SCSI device connected to this chain must have its own unique ID number from 0 through 6 (no two devices can use the same ID number).

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

IMPORTANT

SCSI system cable

The material that follows—“Before You Connect a Device” and “Connecting a SCSI Device”—contains general i nstructions for attaching SCSI devices to your computer. Make sure you also follow the specific instructions that came with the SCSI device you are connecting to your Macintosh.

Before you connect a device

Before you connect a SCSI device to your Macintosh, complete these tasks: m Make sure each SCSI device connected to your Macintosh has its own

unique ID number from 0 to 6. The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) has the ID number 7, making the ID numbers 0 through 6 available for additional SCSI devices. Make sure other SCSI devices you add to the chain do not use ID number 7. See the instructions that came with each SCSI device for information on checking and setting its SCSI ID number.

IMPORTANT

If you use two or more devices attached to the same SCSI interface with the same ID number, your equipment could malfunction and you could lose data as a result.

m Make sure you have the appropriate cable for attaching the SCSI device to

your Macintosh. If the device is the first or only one you’re connecting, use a SCSI system

cable to c onnect it to the computer’s SCSI port:

Chapter 3

If the device is not the first one, use a SCSI peripheral interface cable to

External SCSI terminator

SCSI peripheral interface cable

connect it to the last device in the chain:

IMPORTANT

The total length of the cables in a SCSI chain should not exceed 6 meters (about 20 feet). SCSI cables must have a 110-ohm imp eda nce. For best results, use SCSI cables manufactured by Apple Computer.

m Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has a terminator.

Make sure that no other external SCSI device has a terminator. To ensure accurate transmission of information, a terminator must be at

each end of a SCSI chain. Your computer’s main logic board, which is the first device in the chain, has a built-in terminator.

Some externa l SCSI devices from manufacturers other than Apple have built-in terminators. (Check the information that came with the device.) If the device at the end of the SCSI chain does not have a built-in terminator, you need to purchase and attach an external terminator.

If your SCSI device has a built-in terminator, use it as your last device in the chain or have your Apple-authorized service provider remove the extra builtin terminator. You can attach or remove external terminators yourself.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting a SCSI device

Use these general i nstructions in conjunction with the instructions that came with your SCSI device:

1 Turn off your Macintosh. 2Make sure the SCSI device is switched off.

WARNING

Do not connect or disconnect any device while the device or your Macintosh is turned on. Doing so could damage the device, your computer, or both.

3 Use a SCSI cable to connect the device either to the computer’s SCSI port or to the last

SCSI device already in the chain.

IMPORTANT

Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has a terminator and that no other external SCSI device has a terminator. Otherwise, the computer may not be able to start up.

4 Turn on all devices in your SCSI chain.

IMPORTANT

Always turn on any external SCSI devices connected to your Macintosh before turning on the computer itself. Otherwise, your computer won’t recognize that the SCSI devices are connected to it and may not be able to start up.

5Install any necessary device drivers (software that makes a device work with

your computer).

Drivers usually come on a floppy disk with the device. (If no drivers came with the device, contact the device manufacturer.)

Note: If you experience problems after connecting a SCSI device, see the troubleshooting information in Chapter 6 for possible solutions.

Chapter 3

Replacing intern al storage devices

Your Macintosh comes with three internal storage devices—a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, and a hard disk drive. If you want to replace any of these internal drives, see your Apple-authorized dealer.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Read this chapter for information

on installing and using application

programs with your computer.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Your computer has several application programs already installed. Some of these applications are

m AppleScript, which allows you to automate any actions you perform

repeatedly on your Macintosh

m AppleCD Audio Player, which allows you to play audio CD-ROM discs in

your computer’s CD-ROM drive

m Network Software Selector, which allows you to switch among various

network types such as Ethernet and LocalTalk

m SimpleText, which allows you to create and edit text files, record and play

sound, and have the computer read text aloud

Yo u’ ll find these as well as other applications in the Apple Extras folder on your hard disk. To find out if an application needs to be installed, look inside the application’s folder for a n icon labeled Installer. If you find an Installer icon and want to use that application, double-click the Installer and follow the instructions on the screen.

Tip: Some of these applications can decrease the amount of random-access memory (RAM) available for use by other applications. To conserve RAM, only install the applications you think you’ll use. If you install an application that you find you don’t use, you can remove it later to free RAM. See “Increasing Memory Available to Run Applications” later in this chapter for instructions on “uninstalling” applications.

You may want to experiment with AppleScript, on e of the applications on your hard disk. With AppleScript you can automate tasks in the Finder and other scriptable applications (applications that support AppleScript). Instructions for using AppleScript are also included in the AppleScript folder.

Using Power Macintosh application programs

Your Power Macintosh is compatible with most application programs intended for use with Macintosh computers. But certai n applications are design ed especially for Power Macintosh computers. (These are sometimes called “native” applications.) You’ll find that these applications take best advantage of your computer’s speed.

Special memory requirements

Some Power Macintosh applications may be slightly larger than other applications and may take up more memory. If you find that you are runni ng out of memory when you use your Power Macintosh applications, you can use space on your computer’s hard disk as additional memory (virtual memory). For instructions on how to use hard disk space as memory, see “Tur ning Virtual Memory On or Off” later in this chapter, and the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

You can also add more memory to your computer. See Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards and Additional Memory” for more information.

Using older Macintosh applications

If you experience problems using an older Macintosh application, it may be incompatible with your Power Macintosh. You may be able to use your older application if you turn off the Modern Memory Manager in the Memory control panel.

Chapter 4

Installing application pro grams

Insert the floppy disk, metal end first, into the floppy disk drive of your computer.

Yo u’ ll probably want to buy and install additional application programs. See the manuals you receive with your applications for instructions on installing and using them.

Note: Be sure you’re acting within the terms of the software license agreement that comes with your application program before you install the program on your computer. T he license agreement specifies how many copies of the program you ca n make for yourself and others.

In many cases, you’ll install an application program on your internal hard disk from floppy disks that contain the application. (Some applications come on CD-ROM discs. Refer to “Inserting a CD-ROM disc or other CD” in Chapter 1 for information about using CD-ROM discs in your computer.) The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy disk in your computer’s disk drive.

To use your applications most effectively, follow these guidelines: m Put only one copy of each application on your hard disk. Having more than

one copy can cause errors.

m Whenever you copy an application disk to your hard disk, be careful not to

copy a System Folder. Always check to see what you’ve copied, and drag any extra System Folders to the Trash.

m If an application malfunctions consistently, try installing a fresh copy. If that

doesn’t help, find out from the software manufacturer whether your version of the application is compatible with the system software you’re using.

For instructions on how to eject floppy disks, see the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Work ing with several applications at a time

You can open as many application programs and documents as your computer’s memory allows.

Finding out which applications ar e ope n

If you have several applications and windows open, you can find out which application is active and which other applications are open by opening the Application menu.

The Finder icon

Commands to hide or display open windows

A checkmark

indicates the active

program.

Open programs

All open applications are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. The name of the active application (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar.

Switching applications

You can switch to another op en application or desk accessory by choosing its name from the Application menu.

If an application’s icon is dimmed in the menu, that means its windows are hidden. Choosing the application from the Application menu displays its windows.

You can also switch to another application by clicking in a window that belongs to an open application, or by double-clicking an application’s icon (or the ico n of a document that was created with the application).

Chapter 4

Hiding and showin g windows on the desktop

You can hide all windows except those of the active application by choosing Hide Others from the Application menu.

The other applications remain open even though thei r windows are hidden. When you switch to another application, its windows become visible again.

If you want to see all the open wi ndows, choose Show All from the Application menu.

Incre a sing memory available to run applic ations

You can increase the memory available to run your application programs by changing memory settings and removi ng software that you may not need. Each of thes e options is discussed below.

Turning vir tual memory on or off

Virtual memory is a feature that uses space on your computer’s hard disk to create extra random-access memory (RAM) to run your applications. If you are using an application program designed especially for Power Macintosh computers (a “native” application program), turning on virtual memory lets the application use less memory. Virtual memory also allows your computer to run more applications at the same time, and to have more windows open at the same ti me. However, it ca n result in slightly slower performance. Also, some application programs may not p erform optimally with vi rtual memory turned on.

Your computer comes with virtual memory turned off. To turn virtual memory on or off, use the Memory control panel. For best performance, try setting virtual memory to no more than 150 percent of the memory (RAM) installed in your computer, or no more than 50 percent of your currently available hard disk space, whichever number is lower. For example, if your computer has 16 MB of RAM and your hard disk has 50 MB of available space, set virtual memory to a maximum of 24 MB.

Installing and Using Application Programs

IMPORTANT

The RAM disk is a por tion of your computer’s random-access memory that you can set aside to store programs and other files temporarily. If you turn on both vir tual memory and the RAM disk in the Memory control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu), don’t set both of them at or near their maximum values. Doing so can result in unpredictable or reduced performance.

For more information on both the virtual memory and RAM disk features, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available from the Guide (h) menu.

Removing software that you may not need

If you have previously installed some or all of the software i n the Apple Extras folder you can remove or “uninstall” the software if you are not using it. Removing software like this may make more memory available for runni ng applications and it will also increase the amount of hard disk storage space available.

To remove software, follow these steps:

1 Start up your computer from the system software CD-ROM disc that came with

your computer.

For detailed steps, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” under “Initializing a Hard Disk” in Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.”

2 Open the Apple Extras folder on the CD-ROM disc. 3 Open the folder for the software you want to remove. 4Double-click the Installer icon to open the Installer program.

The Installer’s Welcome screen may appear.

5Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

Chapter 4

6Choose Custom Remove from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Remove dialog box app ears, listing the software components that can be removed.

7Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component

you want to remove.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with the letter “i” i n it to the right of the component.

8Click Remove.

9 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen. 10 When you see a message reporting that the removal was successful, click Quit. 11 Restart your Macintosh.

The software is removed a nd your computer is ready to use. If you want to remove more software, you ca n repeat the steps in this section.

Backing up your files

Making backup copies of important files is good protection agai nst possible damage to the originals.

m You can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them to

floppy disks.

m You can back up an entire floppy disk by copyi ng it to another floppy disk

or to a hard disk.

m You can use a commercial backup application to copy n ew and changed

files from a hard disk to a nother hard disk, to a tape drive, or to a series of floppy disks.

m If your computer is on a network, you can back up files by copying them to

a shared disk on the network.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Read this chapter for information

about connecting to other computers

in a local area network.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

In general, any group of computers set up to communicate with each other constitutes a network. Some networks feature computers connected by a particular type of cable. This is called a local area network (LAN), which can be as simple as a computer connected to a printer or as complex as a business’s in-house computer network. Sometimes groups of networks connect to form a larger network, such as the Internet. This is called a wide area network (WAN). This chapter discusses several types of LAN to which you can connect your computer.

Connecting to a network expands the features of your computer by giving you access to the services and resources provided on the network. For example, your computer alone lets you store, retrieve, and modify i nformation on floppy disks, hard disks, and CD-ROM discs. On a network, however, you can also store and retrieve information on the hard disks and CD-ROM discs of other computers, access information that other people have stored for you, use electronic mail, and share computing resources such as printers and modems or other network services.

You can get much of the specific information about the network you want to connect to from the specialist—referred to as the oversees its operation. Before you begin, contact your n etwork administrator.

network administrator—who

Your computer can be connected to several kinds of networks, including the following :

LocalTalk

To connect to a LocalTalk network, you connect a LocalTalk

cable to either the modem port or the printer port on your computer.

Ethernet

To connect to a high-speed Ethernet network, you need to install an Ethernet card in the communication or PCI (peripheral component interconnect) slot in your computer. Many models of your computer come with a 10Base-T (twisted pair) Ethernet card already installed in the communication slot.

Alternative networks such as token ring, ISDN, or Fiber Distributed Data Interface

(FDDI)

To connect to any of these networks, you need to install a PCI card

in one of the PCI slots in your computer.

This chapter describes how to connect to and configure your computer on LocalTal k and Ethern et n etworks. For other network-related information, refer to the appropriate source.

m If your computer is already connected to a network, refer to Macintosh

Guide, availabl e in t he Guide (h) menu, for information about printing on a networked printer, accessing information on file servers, a nd sharing files on your computer with other users. Your network administrator can provide information about network software that may be available, such as Internet access and electronic mail.

m If your location does not currently have a n etwork and you are interested

in setting one up, refer to a book on Macintosh networking that will help you select and plan a network appropriate for your organization. Many books are available, such as Planning and Managing AppleTalk Networks, an Apple book published by Addison-Wesley, which is available at computer bookstores.

Note: With a modem, you can connect to the Internet and other online services. However, with an Ethernet card or LocalTalk connection (described in this chapter), you can also connect your computer to other computers or servers in a LAN. You may also be able to reach the Intern et if you connect to a network that has an Internet link. (Access to the Internet over a network may be noticeably faster than access with a modem.)

Chapter 5

Connecting to a Lo calTalk Network

Printer port icon

Printer port

LocalTalk adapterLocalTalk adapter

Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 ConnectorApple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8

LocalTalk cable

Standard telephone cable

To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTalk network, you need LocalTalk cables and a LocalTal k adapter. In most cases, the Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8, available from your Apple-authorized dealer, contains the components you need to connect your Macintosh to an existing LocalTalk network. If your n etwork uses standard telephone cables for your network wiring, obtain an Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector instead.

To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTal k n etwork, do the following:

1Shut down your computer. 2Attach the LocalTalk adapter to the printer port or modem port on your computer.

3Attach a network cable between the LocalTalk adapter connected to your computer and a

LocalTalk adapter on your existing network.

Note: While connecting to the middle of the network you may inter rupt other users. Check with your network administrator.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

If you connect to the last computer in the network, you need to attach a

Printer port

LocalTalk adapter LocalTalk cable

network terminator to your LocalTalk adapter. Use the LocalTalk cable that comes with the Apple LocalTalk Locking

Connector Kit DIN-8. Use a sta ndard telephone cable with RJ-11 connectors if you are using the Apple LocalTal k RJ-11 Connector.

4Configure your LocalTalk connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

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Connecting to an Ethernet network

Ethernet is a cable scheme that lets your computer communicate with other computers much faster than LocalTalk does. To connect your computer to an Ethernet network, first find out from your network administrator what kind of Ethernet network you’re connecting to; next, if your computer did not come w i th one already installed, buy and install the right kind of Ethernet card a nd cable; third, connect the card to the network; and last, configure the network connection.

Choosing an Ethernet card

Many models of your computer come with an Ethernet card already installed. If your computer didn’t include an Ethernet card and you decide to add one, there are two factors that affect what kind of Ethern et card you should purchase for your computer—where the card will be installed in your computer and what kind of network you’ll be connecting to. Depending on the type of card you install, you may also need an appropriate media adapter.

Wher e to inst all the card

Some kinds of Ethernet cards fit into the computer’s communication slot; however, so do internal modem cards. If you install an internal modem card in the communication slot but you also want to connect to an Ethernet network, purchase an Ether n et card that instead uses the computer’s PCI (peripheral component interconnect) slot.

WARNING

Do not connect cables to the back of your computer when the

power is on or you may damage your system.

m If your Ethernet card uses a PCI slot, follow the instructions in “Installing

a PCI Card” i n the section “Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B, and the instr uctions that came with the card. Be sure to install the necessary drivers (software that allows your computer and Ethernet card to communicate).

m If your Ethernet card uses the communication slot (often referred to as an

Ethernet Comm II card), follow the instructions in “Installing a Communication Card” in the section “Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B and the instructions that came with the card.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Network type

Find out what kind of network you will be connecting to. Depending on the kind of network, you choose among several different kinds of cards that use different cables:

m thin or thick coaxial (“coax”) cable, also called 10Base-2 m 10Base-T (twisted pair) cable m fiber-optic media or other standard Ethernet cable

For example, if you know that your Ethernet network uses 10Base-T cables, and you want to use your communication slot for a modem card, you would purchase a 10Base-T Ethernet card that fits in a PCI slot.

Media adapters

You can connect dire ct ly to an E thernet network using a 10Base-T twisted-pair cable. However, to connect your computer to an Ethernet network using coaxial cabl es, you need one of the following Ethern et media adapters:

m Apple Et hernet Thin Coax Transceiver m Apple Et hernet AUI Adapter

See your Apple-authorized dealer for more information on Apple Ethernet media adapters.

Connecting to a twisted-pair Ethernet network

Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network that uses twisted-pair cable. (You can’t connect to an Ethernet network until you’ve installed an Ethernet card. See the information at the beginning of this section, “Conn ecting to An Ethern et Network.”) The hardware connection requires a twisted-pair patch cord with an RJ-45 telephone-style connector. You plug the patch cord into a wall plate that is connected to the centralized 10Base-T Ethernet hardware.

Note: Be careful not to plug a regular telephone cable into your RJ-45 connector. Although it works very differently, an RJ-45 connector looks very similar to a standard telephone cable. Also, the connectors at the ends of the cables will fit into both telephone and twisted-pair Ethernet ports. Make sure you are using an RJ-45 connector cable.

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To connect your Macintosh to a twisted-pair Ethern et network, follow these

Twisted-pair cable

Wall plate (RJ-45 port)

Ethernet port (twisted-pair)

RJ-45 connector

LED (lights up when there’s a good network connection) Twisted-pair Ethernet port (10Base-T)

instructions:

1Shut down your computer. 2Plug one end of the twisted-pair patch cord into the 10Base-T Ethernet port on

the Ethernet card in your Macintosh.

3Plug the other end of the twisted-pair patch cord into an RJ-45 wall outlet that is

connected to a twisted-pair Ethernet network.

4Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Connecting to a thin coaxial Ethernet network

Ethernet port (thin coaxial)T-connector

Thin coaxial cable (or thin coaxial Ethernet terminator if your computer is the last device on the network)

Thin coaxial cable

Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network that uses thin coaxia l cable. The hardware connection requires an Apple (or Apple-compatible) thin coaxial transceiver and a thin coaxial cable.

IMPORTANT

You can connect your Macintosh anywhere on the network; however, to do so requires that you temporarily disconnect the network, which could disrupt existing network services and other people using the network. Consult your network administrator before connecting your computer to the network.

To connect your Macintosh to a thin coaxial network, follow these instructions:

1Shut down your Macintosh. 2Attach one end of a thin coaxial cable to the last thin coaxial transceiver on the network. 3Attach the other end of the thin coaxial cable to the T-connector.

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4Plug the T-connector into the thin coaxial (10Base-2) port on the Ethernet card in

LED (lights up when there’s a good network connection) Thin coaxial Ethernet port (10Base-2)

your Macintosh.

IMPORTANT

A thin coaxial network must be terminated at its endpoints to function. If your computer is the last one in the network, it must have a terminator installed on the other side of the T-connector. Ch eck the documentation that came with your network card for more information.

5Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Connecting to other types of Ethernet network

The Apple Ether net AUI Adapter is a universal adapter that lets you connect your computer to less common types of industry-standard Ethernet media, such as thick coaxial or fiber-optic cable. If you are using the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter, you also need an Ethernet transceiver for your specific media type; the transceiver must have a standard AUI port on it.

To connect your computer to an Ethernet transceiver for other types of Ethernet media, follow these instructions:

1Shut down your computer. 2Connect the Ethernet transceiver to the network following the instructions that came

with the transceiver.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

3Plug the transceiver cable from the Ethernet transceiver into the standard AUI port on

AAUI Ethernet port

Electrical outlet

Ethernet port (AAUI)

AAUI connector

Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter

Ethernet transceiver for other media

the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter.

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4Plug the adapter’s power cord into an electrical power outlet. 5Plug the connector on the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter into the AAUI Ethernet port on

your Macintosh.

6Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Config uring your network connection

After you physically connect your computer to a LocalTalk or Ethernet network, you need to configure your n etwork connection in the AppleTalk control panel, the TCP/IP control panel, or both.

m You use the AppleTalk control panel to set up your connection to an

AppleTalk n etwork (that is, a network using the AppleTalk protocol).

m You use the TCP/IP control panel to set up your connection to the Internet

and to a TCP/IP network. (TCP/IP stands for Tra n s missi on Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the set of data communication rules followed by networks to communicate with each other on the Inter net.)

You may need additional information about the network to which your computer is connected, or about the service through which your computer is connected to the Internet. To get this information, you may need to contact your network administrator or your Internet service provider (ISP).

Configuring your AppleTalk network connection

To configure your AppleTalk network connection, you must specify the port you use to connect your computer to the network.

Additionally, you may need to select the zone in which your computer is located. Larger networks use zones to create groups of computers, printers, servers, and other network devices. For example, a network might have a zon e for each floor in an office building. If your network has more than one zone, you can choose the zone in which your computer is located. The zone you choose is automatically selected in the Chooser (for example, when you select a network printer) and it is the zone in which other network users can find your computer if you turn on file sharing.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

To configure your AppleTalk network connection, follow these steps:

1Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu. 2Double-click the AppleTalk icon to open it.

The AppleTalk control panel opens.

3Move the pointer to the “Connect via” pop-up menu (if available), press and hold down

the mouse button to open the menu, and choose the port through which your computer is connected to the network.

You can connect to an AppleTalk network through an Ethernet port, the printer port, the modem port, or any other ports available on expansion cards installed in your computer. Any additional ports app ear automatically in this pop-up menu.

Note: If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, this setting has been locked. Contact your network administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a network administrator, you can use the Administration user mode to unlock this setting. For more i nformation about user modes, click the h button in the AppleTalk control panel.)

4 Use the Current Zone pop-up menu (if available) to choose the zone you want.

If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, either your network has no zone, this setting has been locked, or your network is not set up to allow you to choose a zone. Zones are set up by the network administrator.

5Click the close box to close the AppleTalk control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, a message asks if you want to save them.

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If you have changed the port, a message tells you that the change will interrupt any AppleTal k services that are established. This means that your network services, such as printers and e-mail, may be temporarily unavailable, and you may have to choose a printer and connect to your e-mail service again after saving changes.

6 To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your computer.

Getting more information about the AppleTalk control panel

Macintosh Guide contains information about additional capabilities available in the AppleTalk control panel, such as

m using configurations, a way to save different AppleTalk settings and switch

among them as desired—for example, if you use your computer with more than one network

m using the User Mode command to change the availability of settings in the

AppleTalk control panel

m turning AppleTalk off in order to save RAM in your computer when you

are not using an AppleTalk network

For more information about these capabilities, click the h button in the AppleTalk control panel.

Configuring your TCP/IP network connection

You must set up the TCP/IP control panel if your computer is connected to a network that uses TCP/IP standards, such as the Inter n et.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a set of rules that is applied to data traveling on the Internet. T he rules exist to standardize the treatment of data on the Internet so that many disparate kinds of computers can recognize the data when it arrives. TCP/IP protocols can be used with many different types of network hardware and with LocalTalk, Ether n et, and dial-up Internet connections. If you don’t know whether your network uses TCP/IP, contact your network administrator.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

To set up your TCP/IP network connection, you must specify the port you use to connect your computer to the network. TCP/IP networks also require information about your computer’s network address. You must enter that information in the TCP/IPcontrol panel or specify a server on which the information can be found. To get this information, check with your network administrator or Internet service provider.

Before you begin

To configure your connection, you need to know the types of servers used on the network, your Inter net Protocol (IP) address and subnet mask, and other information. Your Internet service provider or network administrator can give the information to you and help properly enter it in your computer by following these instructions.

Setting up

To set up your TCP/IP network connection, follow these steps:

1Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu.

The Control Panels window opens.

2Double-click the TCP/IP icon to open it.

The TCP/IP control panel opens.

3 Use the “Connect via” pop-up menu to choose the port through which your computer is

connected to the network.

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Note: If you don’t see the pop-up menu or other settings described in this section, the TCP/IP configuration may have been locked. Contact your network administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a network administrator, you can use the Administration user mode to unlock this setting. For more information about user modes in the TCP/IP control panel, click the h button.)

4 Use the Configure pop-up menu to choose a configuration method.

If you are connected using Ethernet, the pop-up menu looks like this:

If you are connected using AppleTalk (MacIP), the pop-up menu looks like this:

Whether you proceed to step 5 or step 6 depends on whether you are configuring your network manually or automatically.

5If you are configuring your network connection manually, type the information provided

by your network administrator or Internet service provider into the appropriate boxes.

You must specify an IP address. You may also need to enter a subnet mask number, router address, and other information.

6If your network configuration will be provided automatically by a server, do one of the

following:

m If you are using a BootP server or DHCP server, skip to step 7. The server

usually provides all the configuration information needed by TCP/IP.

m If you are using a RARP server, you may need to type additional

information provided by your network administrator or Internet service provider into the appropriate boxes. If so, enter the information now.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

m If you are using a MacIP server, click Select Zone. In the dialog box that

appears, choose the zone that contains the MacIP server you wa nt to use and then click OK. (Additionally, if you are connecting with Apple Remote Access [ARA] you must open a connection before you can select a zone.)

7Click the close box to close the TCP/IP control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, a message asks if you want to save them. If you have changed the port, a message also tells you that the change will interrupt any connections to TCP/IP services. For example, you may have to quit and reopen a Web browser or e-mail software after saving changes.

8 To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your computer.

Getting more information about the TCP/IP control panel

Macintosh Guide contains information about additional capabilities available in the TCP/IP control panel, such as

m using configurations, a way to save different TCP/IP settings and switch

among them as desired

m using the User Mode command to determine the availability of settings in

the TCP/IP control panel

m turning TCP/IP off to save RAM when you are not using a TCP/IP-based

network

For more information about these capabilities, click the h button in the TCP/IP control panel.

Chapter 5

Chapter 6 Tr oubl eshooting

Consult this chapter if you experience

problems using your computer.

Troubleshooting

Whe n you have questions

If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer to Macintosh Guide in the Guide ( Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of this manual.

Whe n you run into trouble

While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon or an error message, or you may have a problem such as the pointer (8) “freezing” on the screen.

h) menu. For instr uctions on using

If you have trouble with your computer, take a few minutes to read the information in this chapter. If your problem is related to a particular procedure, you should also look for information on that procedure in Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. For additional troubleshooting information and a list of common questions relating to your system software, see the “Troubleshooting” topic area of Macintosh Guide.

If you are unable to access Macintosh Guide (for example, if your screen is “frozen”), refer to this chapter to see if you can resolve the problem.

Note: If you have a problem with your Macintosh and nothing presented in this chapter or in Macintosh Guide solves it, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

Take your time

When you see an er ror message, you don’t have to take action immediately. The message stays on the screen until you click the OK button or turn off the Macintosh.

To help diagnose and correct the problem, gather as much information on the situation as you can before starting over.

m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred.

Write down the message on the screen and its ID number (if any). Also list the programs you were using and the names of any items you know have been added to the System Folder since the system software was installed. This information will help a service person diagnose the problem. (It is helpful to keep a printed copy of the items in your System Folder. For instructions on printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu.)

m Check the screen for any clues. Is a menu selected? What programs and

document icons are open? Note anything else that seems relevant.

m If you were typing text and were not able to save it before the problem

occurred, you can write down the parts of the text still visible on the screen so that some of your work will b e easy to replace.

m Ask other Macintosh users about the problem you’re having; they may have

a solution for it.

Chapter 6

Start over

Often you ca n eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory and starting over.

If you can, save a ny open documents b efore restarting the Macintosh. If your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the program in use when the problem occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other programs before restarting. (Be sure to restart the computer immediately after you save your documents—quitting a program using x-Option-Esc may leave corrupted data i n the computer’s memory. This corrupted data is erased when you restart the computer.)

To restart your Macintosh, try the following steps:

1If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s

on screen.

Dialog boxes contain messages from the computer. If something goes wrong, a message may app ear on the screen, asking you to restart the computer.

2If you can’t choose Restart, press the Power key (marked with a triangle) on the keyboard.

Choose Restart from the dialog box that appears.

3If the Power key on the keyboard doesn’t work, hold down the

you press the Power key on the keyboard.

and Control keys while

This key combination restarts the computer. (Use this key combination only when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu.)

4If your computer still does not respond, turn it off with the power button on the front of

the computer, wait at least ten seconds, and then turn it on again.

5If you suspect that the problem is with other equipment, such as a printer or an external

hard disk that’s attached to your computer, turn that equipment off for ten seconds or longer. Then turn it on again and restart the Macintosh.

Troubleshooting

Rebuild your desktop

A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep track of data on your startup disks. (Although you usually use the hard disk in your computer as a startup disk, you can also start up from any other disk that has system software i nstalled.)

Rebuilding your desktop can solve a number of problems, such as when application documents are no longer represented by application-specific icons (and are instead represented by generic icons on the desktop), or when a document won’t open when you double-click it.

Some extensions may interfere with rebuilding your desktop. To prevent problems, turn off all extensions except Macintosh Easy O pen before you rebuild your desktop. When you finish rebuilding the desktop, turn the extensions you normally use back on.

To rebuild the desktop of a startup disk, follow these steps:

1 Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Extensions Manager from the

Control Panels submenu of the Apple ( 2From the Sets pop-up menu, choose Save Set. 3In the Save Set dialog box, type a name for your set of selected extensions (for example,

“My Extensions”) and click OK. The name of your set is added to the Sets pop-up menu.

) menu.

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This saves your current set of extensions.

4Choose All Off from the Sets pop-up menu to turn off all extensions. 5 Turn on Macintosh Easy Open by clicking it in the list (under Control Panels) so that a

checkmark appears beside it. 6 Restart your computer while holding down the Option and

keys.

Do not release the keys until you see a message asking whether you want to

rebuild the desktop.

7Click OK.

The desktop is rebuilt.

IMPORTANT

Do not stop the desktop-rebuilding process. Doing so could cause

problems with your system software.

8 Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Control Panels from the

Apple (K) menu. When the Control Panels window appears, double-click the Extensions Manager icon.

9From the Sets pop-up menu, choose the name you gave your set of extensions in step 3

of these instructions.

This restores your original set of extensions.

10 Restart your computer to activate the extensions.

Solutions to com mon probl ems

This section contains descriptions of problems you may experience with your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if you don’t find your problem here, check the section “Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” later in this chapter.

The computer is turned on but the screen is dark.

One of the following is probably the cause: m The Macintosh or the monitor is not getting power.

Check that the monitor is plugged in and turned on and that the monitor cable is firmly conn ected to both the computer and the monitor.

m Your computer has gone to sleep after a period of inactivity.

Wake it up by pressing any key on the keyboard except Caps Lock. See “Saving Energy With the Energy Saver Control Panel” in Chapter 1 for more information about computer sleep.

m You have a screen saver program that darkens the screen when the

computer has not been used for a certain period of time. Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver.

m The monitor’s brightness control (¤) is not adjusted properly.

Check the monitor’s brightness control and turn it up if necessary.

Troubleshooting

The computer does not start up from the hard disk.

Try the following:

m Use the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is

located in the Utility folder on the CD that contains your system software. For instructions, start Drive Setup, then choose Drive Setup Guide from the Guide (h) menu.

m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least ten

seconds, and then turn it on agai n.

m If the startup hard disk is external, make sure that it is turn ed on a nd that

its cable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your

computer. Each SCSI device must have its own unique ID number. See the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment for information on setting SCSI ID numb ers.

m If the hard disk is your startup disk, start your c omputer using the CD-ROM

disc that contains system software. (For instructions on how t o start up y our computer from the CD-ROM disc, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in th e section “Initializing a Hard Disk” later in this chapter.) Then follow the instructions in “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any dama ge.

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If repairing the disk do esn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

The computer’s clock keeps time inaccurately.

If your clock begins to keep time inaccurately, have an Apple-authorized

service provider replace the battery. The service provider will dispose of the

battery according to the local envi ron mental guideli nes. Consult the se rvice

and support information that came with your computer for instructions on

how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

WARNING

If the clock begins to lose accuracy, see your Appleauthorized dealer or service provider for a battery replacement. Do not attempt to replace the clock battery yourself.

When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of the screen for more than several seconds.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause:

m System software is not installed on the startup hard disk, the system

software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly. Star t up your computer using the CD-ROM disc that contains system

software. (For instructions on how to start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in the section “Initializing a Hard Disk” later in this chapter.) Th en follow the instructions in “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any damage.

If repairing the disk do esn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

m Your computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI (Small

Computer System Interface) equipment that is being used as a startup device instead of your hard disk.

Tur n off all SCSI equipment and disconnect the first SCSI device in the chain from your computer’s SCSI port. T h en restar t the computer. If the computer starts up after you disconnect your SCSI equipment, refer to the manuals that came with the equipment for information on the proper way to connect SCSI equipment and assign SCSI ID numbers.

Troubleshooting

When you try to start up from a floppy disk, a disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and the floppy disk is ejected.

This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a startup disk (that is, it does not contain system software). When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy disk drive for a disk containing system s oft ware. If the disk in the drive does not contain system software, the co mputer ejects the disk a nd looks on its internal hard disk for system s oftware.

Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun starting up.

A “sad Macintosh” icon appears and the computer won’t start up.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot star t up b ecause of a problem with the system software or the computer hardware.

Eject a ny floppy disks or other removable media (like CD-ROM discs or mass storage cartridges) by turning off the computer and then holding down the mouse button while you turn the computer on again. Try starting up with the CD-ROM disc that contains system software. (For instr uctions on how to start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in the section “Initializing a Hard Disk” later in this chapter.) If the “sad Macintosh” icon appears again, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for information on contacting an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

Chapter 6

The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop.

If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m Use the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is on

the CD-ROM disc that contains system software. For instructions on using Drive Setup, follow the instr uctions in “How to Verify and Test a Disk” in the s e ction “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter.

m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least ten

seconds, and then turn it on agai n.

m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your

computer. Each SCSI device must have its own unique ID number. See the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment for information on setting SCSI ID numbers.

m If the hard disk is your startup disk, start up your computer with the

CD-ROM disc that contains system software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc into the drive and holding down the C key while you restart the co mputer. Then follow the instructions in “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions later in this chapter for reinstalling system software on your startup hard disk.

Icons do not appear correctly on your screen.

You need to rebuild the desktop—a process that helps your Macintosh keep track of files and folders on your hard disk. For instr uctions, see “Rebuild Your Desktop” in the section “When You Run Into Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, try rebuilding a second time.

You inadvertently delete a program from your computer’s hard disk.

You can replace any of the software that came with your computer by dragging it from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software to your hard disk.

Troubleshooting

You cannot mount the Mac OS–, DOS-, or ProDOS-format partitions of an external SCSI hard disk or a removable media cartridge as individual volumes on the desktop.

Use Macintosh PC Exchange to mount these partitions as individual volumes on the desktop. (Macintosh PC Exchange is a control panel that is part of system software. When used with a DOS-compatibility card and its accompanying software, Macintosh PC Exchange allows your Macintosh to communicate with non-Macintosh software and hardware.) If the disk contains both Mac OS– and DOS-format partitions, Macintosh PC Exchange will recognize only the Mac OS partition. Also, Macintosh PC Exchange can only recognize ProDOS-for mat partitions on SCSI hard disks that are less than 32 MB.

You cannot resize or reformat the Mac OS–, DOS-, or ProDOS-format partitions of an external SCSI hard disk or a removable media cartridge.

To resize or reformat multiple Mac OS, DOS, or ProDOS partitions, you need to use third-party software designed for partitioning hard disks and removable media cartridges.

You cannot unmount and eject an external removable media device such as a cartridge.

The Eject Disk command is unavailable when you are working with removable media devices. To unmount and eject a removable media cartridge, click the device’s icon to select it and choose Put Away from the File menu. Once the device has spun down and its light go es out, you can manually eject the cartridge from the drive. To access a removable media cartridge that has been ejected, simply reinsert the cartridge in the drive.

Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk.

If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following: m If the disk has never been used, you may simply n eed to initialize it. For

instructions, see the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

m The disk may be damaged. See “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk”

later i n this chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.

m The disk may have been formatted for use on another kind of computer.

You may be able to use a program that lets you work with such disks on your Macintosh.

Chapter 6

If you are trying unsuccessfully to use a floppy disk created i n a PC (personal computer), DOS (Disk Operating System), or Windows environment, consider the following :

m When formatting floppy disks on a DOS computer for use in a Macintosh,

you need to format standard double-sided disks as 720K disks and highdensity disks as 14 40K disks. Because DOS computers allow standard double-sided disks to be formatted in 14 40K format and high-density disks to be formatted in 720K format, it’s possible that your disk has been given a format that won’t work in a Macintosh.

If you think your DOS floppy disk might have a format that doesn’t work in a Macintosh, use a DOS computer to copy the contents of your DOS floppy disk onto another DOS floppy disk that has been properly for matted for use in a Macintosh.

A dialog box with a bomb appears.

Your system has a software problem. m Write down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write

down the message’s text and its number, if there is one.

m Restart your Macintosh. (See “Start Over” in the section “When You Run

Into Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.) Most software problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem.

m Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the

dialog box appeared. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software. Reinstalling the system software may correct the problem.

m Sometimes i n co m p atible system extensions or control panels can cause

system s oft ware problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key; this temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu) to turn on individual extensions and control panels one at a time. Restart after you turn on each extension. This procedure will identify any incompatible extensions.

If your program performs better when a particular extension or control panel is turned off, contact the software’s ma nufacturer for information or an upgrade.

Troubleshooting

m If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See

“Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter for instructions.

Your screen displays a right angle-bracket prompt (>) in a blank dialog box.

Your computer has tried to launch a “debugging” application, but could not find one on your hard disk. Debugging applications are programs that software developers use to locate and fix problems in computer code. If you do not have a debuggi ng application installed, your screen displays a right angle-bracket

prompt (

The pointer (8) doesn’t move when you move the mouse.

). To return to the desktop, type G and then press Return.

One of the following situations is probably the cause: m The mouse or keyboard is not connected properly.

Check that the mouse and keyboard cables are connected properly, and then restart the computer.

m Signals from the mouse are not reaching the computer, either b ecause the

mouse needs cleaning or because there is something wrong with it. Clean the mouse according to the instructions in Appendix A of this book. If you have another mouse or pointing device, try connecting and using it.

(Turn off the computer before connecting it.) If the n ew device works, there is probably something wrong with the mouse you replaced.

100

m Your system has a software problem.

Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program in use when the problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open i n other programs before restarting.

Restart your Macintosh. See “Start Over” in the section “When You Run Into Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.

Chapter 6

Apple 4400 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual