Agilent Technologies 85032B-E 50 User Manual

User’s and Service Guide

Agilent Technologies 85032B/E

50Ω Type-N Calibration Kits

Agilent Part Number: 85032-90020

Printed in USA

Print Date: July 2002

Supersedes: June 2000

Documentation Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, AGILENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AGILENT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD AGILENT AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

Assistan ce

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are availa ble for Agilent products.

For any assistance, contact Agilent Technologies. Refer to page 5-3.

ii 85032B/E

1. General Information

Calibration Kit Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1- 2

Broadband Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Opens and Shorts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Calibration Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Installation of the Calibration Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Equipment Required but Not Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

Incoming Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

Recording the Device Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

Clarifying the Sex of a Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

2. Specific atio ns

Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Temperature—What to Wa tch Out For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Mechanical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

Pin Depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5

Certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5

Supplemental Electrical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5

3. Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2

Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

What Causes Connector Wear? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3

Inspect Female Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

Cleaning Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4

Gaging Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6

Connector Gage Accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6

When to Gage Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7

Reading the Connector Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7

Gaging Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8

Gaging Male Type-N Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8

Gaging Female Type-N Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10

Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

How to Make a Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

Preliminary Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12

Connecting and Discon nect ing the Two-P iece Female Open (85032B) . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14

How to Separate a Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15

Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15

85032B/E iii

Contents

4. Performance Verification

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

How Agile nt Verifies t h e D e v i ces in This Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Limited Recertification (Option 003). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

How Often to Recertify. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

Where to Send a Kit for Recertification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

5. Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 2

Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3

6. Replaceable Pa rts

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

A. Standard Definitions

Standard Class Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

Blank Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-3

Nominal Standard Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4

Setting the System Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4

Blank Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-6

iv 85032B/E

1 General Information

85032B/E 1-1

General Information

Calibration Kit Overview

The Agilent 85032B and 85032E type-N calibration kits are used to calibrate Agilent network analyzers up to 6 GHz for measurements of components with 50Ω type-N connectors.

Kit Contents

The 85032B calibration kit contains the following:

• one male and one female open termination

• one male and one female short termination

• one male and one female 50Ω load

• two type-N-male to 7-mm adapters (included with Option 100)

• two type-N-female to 7-mm adapters (included with Option 100) Refer to T able 6-1 and Figure 6-1 for a complete list of kit contents and their associated

part n u mbers .

The 85032E calibration kit contains t he following:

• one male combination open/short termination

• one male 50Ω load Refer to T able 6-2 and Figure 6-2 for a complete list of kit contents and their associated

part n u mbers .

Broadband Loads

The broadband loads a re inst rument-grade, 50Ω terminat ions that have been optimized for performance up to 6 GHz. The rugged internal structure provides for highly repeatable connections. A distributed resistive element on sapphire provides excellent stability and return loss.

Opens and Shorts

The opens and shorts are built from parts that are machined to the current state-of the-art precision machining.

The short’s inner conductors have a one-piece construction, common with the shorting plane. This construction provides for extremely repeatabl e connection s .

The female open has a separate-piece inner conductor that is made from a low-dielectric-constant plastic to minimize compensation values.

Both the opens and shorts are constructed so that the pin depth can be controlled very tightly, thereby minimizing phase errors. Some of the opens and shorts have offsets. The lengths of these offsets are designed so that the difference in phase of their reflection coefficients is approximately 180 degrees at all frequencies.

1-2 85032B/E

General Information

Calibration Kit Overview

Adapters

Like the other devices in the kit, the adapters are built to very tight tolerances to provide good broadband performance. The adapters utilize a dual-beaded connector structure to ensure stable, repea table connections. The b eads are des i gned to minimize return loss and are separated far enough so that interaction between the beads is minimized.

The adapters are designed so that their nominal electrical lengths are the same, which allows them to be used in calibration procedures for non-insertable devices.

Calibration Definitions

The calibration kit must be selected and the calibration definitions for the devices in the kit installed in the network analyzer prior to performing a calibration. Refer to your

network analyzer user’s guide for instructions on selecting the calibration kit and performing a calibration.

The calibration definitions can be:

• resident within the analyzer

• entered from the front panel

Installation of the Calibration Definitions

The calibration definitions for the kit may be permanently installed in the internal memory or hard disk of the network analyzer.

If the calibration definitions for the kit are not permanently installed in the network analyzer, they must be manually entered. Refer to your network analyzer user’s guide for instructions.

Options

The following options are available for the Agilent 85032B/E. Option 100 (85032B o nly) Option 100 adds the four type-N to 7-mm adapters to the

calibration kit. Option 003 (85032B o nly) This option provides a limited calibration for the devices in

the calibration kit to 3 GHz instead of 6 GHz. This calibration option can be requeste d only from an Agilent service center. It cannot be ordered from the factory.

Option UK6 This option adds a certificate of calibration and the corresponding calibration data for the devices in the calibration kit.

Equipment Required but Not Supplied

Gages, torque and open-end wrenches, and various connector cleaning supplies are not included in the calibration kit but are required to ensure successful operation of the calibration kit. Refer to Table 6-3 on page 6-5 for o rde ring information

85032B/E 1-3

General Information

Incoming Inspection

Verify that the shipment is complete by referring to Figure 6-1 or Figure 6-2. Check for damage. The foam-lined storage case provides protection during shipping. If the case or any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, contact

Agilent. See Table 5-1 on page 5-3. Agilent will arrange for repair or replacement of incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for a settlement from the transportation company.

When you send the kit or device to Agilent, in clude a service tag (found near the end of this manual) with the following information:

• your company name and address

• the name of a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete phone number

• the model number and serial number of the kit

• the part number and serial number of the device

• the type of service required

•a detailed description of the problem

1-4 85032B/E

General Information

Recording the Device Serial Numbers

In addition to the kit serial number, the devices in this kit are individually serialized (serial numbers are labeled onto the body of each device). Record these serial numbers in

Table 1-1 for the 85032B and Table 1-2 for the 85032E. Recording the serial numbers will

prevent confusing the devices in this kit with similar devices in other kits.

Table 1-1 Serial Number Record for 85032B

Device Serial Number

Calibration kit Male broadband load Female broadband load Male open Female open Male s hort Female short Type-N-male to 7-mm adapter Type-N-male to 7-mm adapter Type-N-female to 7-mm adapter Type-N-female to 7-mm adapter

_____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________ _____________ __________________

Table 1-2 Serial Number Record for 85032E

Device Serial Number

Calibration kit

_______________________________ Male broadband load Male combination open/short

85032B/E 1-5

_______________________________

General Information

Clarifying the Sex of a Connector

In this manual, the s ex of c a li bra tion de vices a nd ada pt ers ar e r ef erred to in terms of their connector interface. For example, a male open has a male connector.

However, during a measurement calibration, the network analyzer softkey menus label a

type-N calibration device with reference to the sex of the analyzer’s test port connector—not the calibration device connector. For example, the label SHORT(F) on the analyzer’s display refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test port. This will be a male short from the calibration kit.

Conversely, connector gages are referred to in terms of the connector that it measures. For instance, a male connector ga ge has a female connector on the gage so that it can measure male dev ices.

Preventive Maintenance

The best techniques for maintaining the integrity of the devices in this kit include:

• routine visual inspection

• cleaning

• proper g aging

• proper connection techniques All of the above are described in Chapter 3 , “Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices.”

Failure to detect and remove dirt or metallic particles on a mating plane surface can degrade repeatability and accuracy and can damage any connector mated to it. Improper connections , r es ult ing f rom pin dep th v al ues be ing out of the observed limits (see Tab le 2- 2

on page 2-4), or from bad connections, can also damage these devices.

1-6 85032B/E

2 Specifications

85032B/E 2-1

Specifications

Environmental Requirements

Table 2-1 Envi ronmental Requirements

Parameter Limits

Operating temperature Error-corrected temperature range

Storage temperature −40 °C to +75 °C (−40 °F to +167 °F) Altitude

Operation < 4,500 meters (≈15,000 feet) Storage < 15,000 meters (≈50,000 feet)

Relative humidity Always non-condensing

Operation 0 to 80% (26 °C maximum dry bu lb) Storage 0 to 95%

a. The temperatu re rang e over which the calibration standards maintain confor ma nce to their

specification s .

b. The allowable network analy z er ambient temp erature drift during measurement calibration

and during measurem ents when t he ne twor k analyzer er ror co rre cti on is t urne d on. Al so, the range over which the network an aly z er m aintains its spe cified performance while correction is turned on.

+15 °C to +35 °C (+59 °F to +95 °F) ±1 °C of measurement calibration temperature

Temperature—What to W atch Out For

Changes in temperature can affect electrical characteristics. Therefore, the operating temperature is a critical factor in performance. During a measurement calibration, the temperature of the calibration devices must be stable and within the range specified in

Table 2-1.

IMPORTANT Avoid unnecessary handling of the devices during calibration because your

fingers are a heat source.

2-2 85032B/E

Specifications

Mechanical Characteristics

Mechanical characteristics such as center conductor protrusion and pin depth are not performance specifications. They are, however, important supplemental characteristics related to electrical performance. Agilent Technol ogies verifies the mechanical characteristics of the devices in this kit with special gaging processes and electrical testing. This ensures that the device connectors do not exhibit any improper pin depth when the kit leaves the factory.

“Gaging Connectors” on page 3-6 explains how to use gages to determine if the kit devices

have maintained their mechanical i nteg rity. (Refer to Table 2-2 on page 2-4 for typical and observed pin depth limits.)

Pin Depth

Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with the outer conductor mating plane. Refer to Figure 2-1 . Some coaxial connectors, such as

2.4 mm and 3.5 mm, are designed to have these planes nearly flush. Type-N connectors, however, are designed with a pin depth offset of approximately 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), not permitting these planes to be flush. The male center conductors are recessed by the offset value while the female center conductors compensate by protruding the same amount. This offset necessitates the redefining of pin depth with regard to protrusion and recession.

Protrusion refers to a male type-N connector center conductor having a pin depth value less than 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), or a female type-N connector c enter conductor ha ving a pin depth value greater than 5.26 mm (0.207 inch).

Recession refers to a male type-N connector center conductor having a pin depth value greater than 5.26 mm (0.207 in), or a female type-N connector center conductor having a pin depth value less than 5.26 mm (0.207 inch).

Figure 2-1 Connector Pin Depth

85032B/E 2-3

Specifications

Mechanical Characteristics

NOTE The gages for measuring type-N connectors compensate for the designed

offset of 5.26 mm (0.207 inch), therefore, protrusion and recession readings are in relation to a zero reference plane (as if the inner and outer conductor planes were intended to be flush). Gage readings can be directly compared with the observed values listed in Table 2-2.

The pin depth value of each calibration device in this kit is not specified, but is an important mechanical parameter. The electrical performance of the device depends, to some extent, on its pin depth. The electrical specifications for each device in this kit take

into account the effect of pin depth on the device’s performance. Table 2-2 lists the typical pin depths and measurement uncerta inties, and pr ovid es observed pin depth limits for the devices in the kit. If the pin depth of a device does not measure within the observed pin depth limits, it may be an indication that the device fails to meet electrical specifications. Refer to Figure 2-1 for an illustration of pin depth in type-N connectors.

Table 2-2 Pin Depth Li mit

Device Typical Pin Dept h

Opens 0 to −0.0127 mm

0 to −0.0005 in

Shorts 0 to −0.0127 mm

0 to −0.0005 in

Fixe d Load s 0 to −0.0508 mm

0 to −0.0020 in

a. Approximately +2 sigma to −2 sigma of gage uncer tainty based on studies done at the

factory according to recommended procedur es.

b. Observed pin depth limits are the range of observation limit s seen on the gage reading due

to measurement uncert ainty. The depth could still be within specifications.

Measu rem e n t U n certa in ty

+0.0038 to −0.0038 mm +0.00015 to −0. 00015 in

Observed Pin Depth Limits

+0.0038 to −0.0165 mm +0.00015 to −0.000 65 in

+0.0038 to −0.0546 mm +0.00015 to −0.002 15 in

2-4 85032B/E

Specifications

Electrical Specifications

The electrical specifications in Table 2-3 apply to the devices in your calibration kit when connected with an Agilent precision interface.

Table 2-3 Electrical Specifications for 50Ω Type-N Devices

Devi ce Specification Frequency (G H z)

Loads Return loss ≥ 49 dB (ρ ≤ 0.00355) DC to ≤ 2

Return loss ≥ 46 dB (ρ ≤ 0.00501) > 2 to ≤ 3

Return loss ≥ 40 dB (ρ ≤ 0.01000) > 3 to ≤ 6 Female open

Female short

Male open

Male s hort Adapters (type-N to 7-mm) Return loss ≥ 30 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.03162) DC to ≤ 6

a. The specifications for the opens and shorts are given as allowed deviation from the nominal

model as de fined i n the standard def i nitions. See Table A-3 on page A-5.

±0.501 ° ±0.484 °/GHz deviati on fro m nominal DC to ≤ 6

±0.490 ° ±0.385 °/GHz deviation from nominal DC to ≤ 6

±0.501 ° ±0.234 °/GHz deviation from nominal DC to ≤ 6

±0.441 ° ±0.444 °/GHz deviation from nominal DC to ≤ 6

Certification

Agilent Technologies cer tif i es tha t this product met it s pu blished sp ec ific a tio ns at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

to the extent allowed by the institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members. See “How Agilent Verifi es the

Devices in This Kit” on page 4-2 for more in fo rmation.

Supplemental Electrical Characteristics

Supplemental electrical characteristics are values which are typically met by a majority of the calibration kit devices tested. These supplemental characteristics are intended to provide information in calibrati o n ki t appl ications by giving typical, but non-warra nted, performance parameters. Table 2-4 lists the typical electrical characteristics of the 50Ω loads and adapters in the 85032B/E calibration kit.

Table 2-4 Supplemental Electrical Characteristics

Devi ce Specification Frequency (G H z)

Loads Return loss ≥ 23 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.07079) > 6 to ≤ 18 Adapters (type-N to 7-mm) Return loss ≥ 34 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.01995) DC to ≤ 8

Return loss ≥ 28 dΒ (ρ ≤ 0.03981) > 8 to ≤ 18

85032B/E 2-5

Specifications

Electrical Specifications

2-6 85032B/E

3 Use, Maintenance, and Care of the

Devices

85032B/E 3-1

+ 38 hidden pages