P-793H
G.SHDSL.bis 4-port Security Gateway
User’s Guide
Version 3.40
1/2007
Edition 2
www.zyxel.com
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the ZyXEL
Device.
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
for additional support documentation and product
P-793H User’s Guide
3
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The P-793H may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device”, the “system” or the
“product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
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P-793H User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is
not an exact representation of your device.
ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
P-793H User’s Guide
5
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right
supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
6
P-793H User’s Guide
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety Warnings
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Safety Warnings
8
P-793H User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction, Wizards and Tutorials ..................................................................................... 37
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device ........................................................................................ 39
Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 43
Wizards ...................................................................................................................................... 53
Point-to-(2)point Configuration .................................................................................................. 63
Network Setup ........................................................................................................................69
WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................ 71
LAN Setup ................................................................................................................................. 93
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .......................................................................... 103
Security and Advanced Setup ............................................................................................ 115
Firewalls ...................................................................................................................................117
Firewall Configuration .............................................................................................................. 129
Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 149
IPSec VPN ............................................................................................................................... 153
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 177
Bandwidth Management .......................................................................................................... 181
Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................ 191
Remote Management Configuration ........................................................................................ 195
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 205
Maintenance .........................................................................................................................217
System ..................................................................................................................................... 219
Logs ......................................................................................................................................... 225
Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 229
Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................ 235
SMT and Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................237
Introducing the SMT ................................................................................................................ 239
General Setup ......................................................................................................................... 245
WAN Setup .............................................................................................................................. 249
LAN Setup ............................................................................................................................... 257
Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................................. 263
Remote Node Setup ................................................................................................................ 265
Static Route Setup ................................................................................................................... 275
NAT Setup ............................................................................................................................... 279
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Contents Overview
Firewall Setup .......................................................................................................................... 293
Filter Configuration .................................................................................................................. 295
SNMP Configuration ................................................................................................................ 309
System Password .....................................................................................................................311
System Information & Diagnosis ............................................................................................. 313
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance ........................................................................ 323
Menus 24.8 to 24.11 ................................................................................................................ 337
IP Routing Policy Setup ........................................................................................................... 343
Schedule Setup ....................................................................................................................... 349
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 353
Appendices and Index ......................................................................................................... 359
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11
List of Figures .........................................................................................................................23
List of Tables...........................................................................................................................31
Part I: Introduction, Wizards and Tutorials.......................................... 37
Chapter 1
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device....................................................................................39
1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 39
1.1.1 High-speed Internet Access ....................................................................................... 39
1.1.2 High-speed Point-to-point Connections ..................................................................... 40
1.1.3 High-speed Point-to-2points Connections .................................................................. 40
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device .................................................................................... 41
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device ..................................................................... 41
1.4 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................43
2.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................. 43
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 43
2.3 Navigating the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 45
2.4 Status Screen ...................................................................................................................... 48
2.4.1 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................... 50
2.4.2 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................. 51
2.4.3 Status: VPN Status ..................................................................................................... 52
2.5 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ................................................................................................ 52
2.5.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................................. 52
Chapter 3
Wizards ....................................................................................................................................53
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3.1 Internet Setup Wizard .......................................................................................................... 54
3.1.1 Screen 1 ..................................................................................................................... 54
3.1.2 Screen 2 ..................................................................................................................... 55
3.1.3 Screen 3 ..................................................................................................................... 58
3.2 Bandwidth Management Wizard .......................................................................................... 59
3.2.1 Screen 1 ..................................................................................................................... 60
3.2.2 Screen 2 ..................................................................................................................... 61
3.2.3 Screen 3 ..................................................................................................................... 62
Chapter 4
Point-to-(2)point Configuration .............................................................................................63
4.1 Point-to-point Connection Overview .................................................................................... 63
4.2 Point-to-point Connection Procedure .................................................................................. 64
4.2.1 Set up the Server ....................................................................................................... 64
4.2.2 Set up the Client ......................................................................................................... 64
4.2.3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices ...................................................................................... 65
4.3 Point-to-2points Connection Overview ................................................................................ 65
4.4 Point-to-2point Connection Procedure ................................................................................ 66
4.4.1 Set up the Server ....................................................................................................... 66
4.4.2 Set up the Clients .......................................................................................................67
4.4.3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices ...................................................................................... 67
Part II: Network Setup............................................................................ 69
Chapter 5
WAN Setup............................................................................................................................... 71
5.1 WAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 71
5.1.1 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................. 71
5.1.2 Multiplexing ................................................................................................................ 72
5.1.3 VPI and VCI ............................................................................................................... 72
5.1.4 IP Address Assignment .............................................................................................. 72
5.1.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ..................................................................................... 73
5.1.6 NAT ............................................................................................................................ 73
5.2 Metric ................................................................................................................................... 73
5.3 Traffic Shaping ..................................................................................................................... 74
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ................................................................................................... 75
5.4 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................. 75
5.4.1 2Wire-2Line Service Mode ......................................................................................... 78
5.4.2 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection ............................................................... 79
5.5 Configuring More Connections ............................................................................................ 81
5.5.1 More Connections Edit .............................................................................................. 81
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5.5.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................... 84
5.6 Traffic Redirect .................................................................................................................... 85
5.7 Dial Backup Interface .......................................................................................................... 86
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup Setup ......................................................................................... 86
5.8.1 Advanced Backup Setup ........................................................................................... 89
5.8.2 Advanced Modem Settings for Dial Backup .............................................................. 91
Chapter 6
LAN Setup................................................................................................................................93
6.1 LAN Overview ..................................................................................................................... 93
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device .......................................................................... 93
6.1.2 DHCP Setup ...............................................................................................................94
6.1.3 DNS Server Address .................................................................................................. 94
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................................. 94
6.2 LAN TCP/IP ......................................................................................................................... 95
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 95
6.2.2 RIP Setup ................................................................................................................... 96
6.2.3 Multicast ..................................................................................................................... 97
6.3 Configuring LAN IP .............................................................................................................. 97
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................. 98
6.4 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................................ 99
6.5 LAN Client List ................................................................................................................... 100
6.6 LAN IP Alias ...................................................................................................................... 101
Chapter 7
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens.....................................................................103
7.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................................... 103
7.1.1 NAT Definitions ........................................................................................................ 103
7.1.2 What NAT Does ....................................................................................................... 104
7.1.3 How NAT Works ....................................................................................................... 104
7.1.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................................ 104
7.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ................................................................................................. 105
7.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................................... 106
7.3 NAT General Setup ............................................................................................................ 106
7.4 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................ 107
7.4.1 Default Server IP Address ........................................................................................ 107
7.4.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .......................................................... 108
7.4.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ......................................... 108
7.5 Configuring Port Forwarding .............................................................................................. 108
7.5.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ........................................................................................110
7.6 Address Mapping ............................................................................................................... 111
7.6.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ......................................................................................112
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Table of Contents
Part III: Security and Advanced Setup ................................................115
Chapter 8
Firewalls................................................................................................................................. 117
8.1 Firewall Overview ...............................................................................................................117
8.2 Types of Firewalls ...............................................................................................................117
8.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ..........................................................................................117
8.2.2 Application-level Firewalls .........................................................................................118
8.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ......................................................................................118
8.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .........................................................................................118
8.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ..........................................................................................119
8.4 Denial of Service ................................................................................................................119
8.4.1 Basics ........................................................................................................................119
8.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ................................................................................................119
8.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................................. 122
8.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ...................................................................................... 123
8.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ............................................................... 124
8.5.3 TCP Security ............................................................................................................ 124
8.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security .................................................................................................. 125
8.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................................. 125
8.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ....................................................... 126
8.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................................. 126
8.7 Packet Filtering vs. Firewall ............................................................................................... 127
8.7.1 Packet Filtering ........................................................................................................ 127
8.7.2 Firewall ..................................................................................................................... 127
Chapter 9
Firewall Configuration ..........................................................................................................129
9.1 Access Methods ................................................................................................................ 129
9.2 Firewall Policies Overview .................................................................................................129
9.3 Rule Logic Overview .......................................................................................................... 130
9.3.1 Rule Checklist .......................................................................................................... 130
9.3.2 Security Ramifications .............................................................................................. 130
9.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ............................................................................ 131
9.4 Connection Direction ......................................................................................................... 131
9.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ................................................................................................... 132
9.4.2 Alerts ........................................................................................................................ 132
9.5 Triangle Route ................................................................................................................... 132
9.5.1 The “Triangle Route” Problem .................................................................................. 132
9.5.2 Solving the “Triangle Route” Problem ...................................................................... 133
9.6 General Firewall Policy ...................................................................................................... 133
9.7 Firewall Rules Summary ................................................................................................... 135
9.7.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ..................................................................................... 136
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9.7.2 Customized Services .............................................................................................. 139
9.7.3 Configuring A Customized Service ......................................................................... 139
9.8 Example Firewall Rule ....................................................................................................... 140
9.9 Anti-Probing ....................................................................................................................... 144
9.10 DoS Thresholds .............................................................................................................. 145
9.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................................... 145
9.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................................... 146
9.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ............................................................................. 146
Chapter 10
Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................149
10.1 Content Filtering Overview ............................................................................................. 149
10.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ......................................................................................... 149
10.3 Configuring the Schedule ............................................................................................... 150
10.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................................... 151
Chapter 11
IPSec VPN.............................................................................................................................. 153
11.1 IPSec VPN Overview ....................................................................................................... 153
11.1.1 IKE SA Overview .................................................................................................... 154
11.1.2 Additional Topics for IKE SA ................................................................................... 157
11.1.3 IPSec SA Overview ................................................................................................ 158
11.1.4 Additional Topics for IPSec SA ............................................................................... 160
11.2 VPN Setup Screen ........................................................................................................... 161
11.3 Editing VPN Policies ........................................................................................................ 163
11.4 Configuring Advanced IKE Settings ................................................................................. 167
11.5 Configuring Manual Key ................................................................................................... 169
11.6 Viewing SA Monitor .......................................................................................................... 172
11.7 Configuring Global Setting ............................................................................................... 173
11.8 Telecommuter VPN/IPSec Examples ............................................................................... 174
11.8.1 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example .................................................. 174
11.8.2 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ............................................... 175
11.9 VPN and Remote Management ....................................................................................... 176
Chapter 12
Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 177
12.1 Static Route ..................................................................................................................... 177
12.2 Configuring Static Route ..................................................................................................177
12.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 178
Chapter 13
Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................181
13.1 Bandwidth Management Overview .................................................................................. 181
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Table of Contents
13.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 181
13.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 181
13.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ................................................. 182
13.5 Scheduler ........................................................................................................................ 182
13.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ........................................................................................ 182
13.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ..................................................................................... 183
13.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ............................................................................................ 183
13.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic .......................................... 183
13.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example .................................................................... 183
13.6.3 Over Allotment of Bandwidth .................................................................................. 185
13.6.4 Bandwidth Management Priorities ......................................................................... 185
13.7 Configuring Summary ...................................................................................................... 185
13.8 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................................. 187
13.8.1 Rule Configuration ................................................................................................. 188
13.9 Bandwidth Monitor .......................................................................................................... 189
Chapter 14
Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................191
14.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................................. 191
14.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................................. 191
14.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS ............................................................................................... 191
Chapter 15
Remote Management Configuration ...................................................................................195
15.1 Remote Management Overview ..................................................................................... 195
15.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 196
15.1.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 196
15.1.3 System Timeout ..................................................................................................... 196
15.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 196
15.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 197
15.4 Configuring Telnet ............................................................................................................ 197
15.5 Configuring FTP .............................................................................................................. 198
15.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 199
15.6.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................................... 200
15.6.2 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 200
15.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................................. 201
15.7 Configuring DNS ............................................................................................................. 202
15.8 Configuring ICMP ............................................................................................................ 202
15.9 TR-069 ............................................................................................................................. 203
Chapter 16
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 205
16.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 205
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16.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 205
16.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 205
16.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 205
16.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................206
16.2.1 Configuring UPnP .................................................................................................. 206
16.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................. 207
16.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ............................................................................. 210
Part IV: Maintenance............................................................................ 217
Chapter 17
System ...................................................................................................................................219
17.1 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 219
17.1.1 General Setup and System Name ......................................................................... 219
17.1.2 General Setup ....................................................................................................... 219
17.2 Time Setting .................................................................................................................... 221
Chapter 18
Logs .......................................................................................................................................225
18.1 Logs Overview ................................................................................................................ 225
18.1.1 Alerts and Logs ...................................................................................................... 225
18.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................................. 225
18.3 Configuring Log Settings ................................................................................................ 226
Chapter 19
Tools.......................................................................................................................................229
19.1 Firmware Upgrade .......................................................................................................... 229
19.2 Configuration .................................................................................................................. 231
19.3 Restart ............................................................................................................................. 233
Chapter 20
Diagnostic..............................................................................................................................235
20.1 General Diagnostic .......................................................................................................... 235
20.2 DSL Line Diagnostic ...................................................................................................... 235
Part V: SMT and Troubleshooting ...................................................... 237
Chapter 21
Introducing the SMT .............................................................................................................239
21.1 Accessing the SMT .......................................................................................................... 239
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Table of Contents
21.2 SMT Menu Items ............................................................................................................. 240
21.3 Navigating the SMT Interface .......................................................................................... 242
Chapter 22
General Setup........................................................................................................................245
22.1 Configuring General Setup .............................................................................................. 245
22.1.1 Configuring Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................... 246
Chapter 23
WAN Setup............................................................................................................................. 249
23.1 WAN Setup ...................................................................................................................... 249
23.1.1 2wire-2line Service Mode ....................................................................................... 251
23.2 Configuring Traffic Redirect ............................................................................................. 252
23.3 Dial Backup Interface ...................................................................................................... 253
23.4 Configuring Dial Backup in Menu 2 ................................................................................. 253
23.5 Advanced Dial Backup Setup .......................................................................................... 254
Chapter 24
LAN Setup..............................................................................................................................257
24.1 Accessing the LAN Menus .............................................................................................. 257
24.2 LAN Port Filter Setup ....................................................................................................... 257
24.3 TCP/IP and DHCP Setup Menu ...................................................................................... 258
24.4 LAN IP Alias .................................................................................................................... 259
24.4.1 Port-based VLAN Setup ......................................................................................... 260
Chapter 25
Internet Access Setup ..........................................................................................................263
25.1 Internet Access Setup .....................................................................................................263
Chapter 26
Remote Node Setup..............................................................................................................265
26.1 Introduction to Remote Node Setup ................................................................................ 265
26.2 Remote Node Setup ........................................................................................................ 265
26.3 Remote Node Profile .......................................................................................................265
26.4 Remote Node Network Layer Options ............................................................................. 269
26.5 Remote Node Filter ......................................................................................................... 271
26.6 Remote Node ATM Layer Options ................................................................................... 272
26.7 Advance Setup Options ................................................................................................... 274
Chapter 27
Static Route Setup................................................................................................................ 275
27.1 IP Static Route Setup ...................................................................................................... 275
27.2 Bridge Static Route Setup ............................................................................................... 276
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Chapter 28
NAT Setup..............................................................................................................................279
28.1 Using NAT ........................................................................................................................ 279
28.1.1 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ................................................................ 279
28.1.2 Applying NAT ......................................................................................................... 279
28.2 NAT Setup ....................................................................................................................... 281
28.2.1 Address Mapping Sets ........................................................................................... 281
28.3 Configuring a Server behind NAT .................................................................................... 284
28.4 General NAT Examples ................................................................................................... 286
28.4.1 Internet Access Only .............................................................................................. 286
28.4.2 Example 2: Internet Access with a Default Server ................................................. 287
28.4.3 Example 3: Multiple Public IP Addresses With Inside Servers .............................. 288
28.4.4 Example 4: NAT Unfriendly Application Programs ................................................. 291
Chapter 29
Firewall Setup........................................................................................................................293
29.1 Using ZyXEL Device SMT Menus ................................................................................... 293
29.1.1 Activating the Firewall ............................................................................................ 293
Chapter 30
Filter Configuration...............................................................................................................295
30.1 Introduction to Filters ....................................................................................................... 295
30.1.1 The Filter Structure of the ZyXEL Device ............................................................... 296
30.2 Configuring a Filter Set .................................................................................................... 297
30.2.1 Configuring a Filter Rule ........................................................................................ 299
30.2.2 Configuring a TCP/IP Filter Rule ............................................................................ 300
30.2.3 Configuring a Generic Filter Rule ........................................................................... 302
30.3 Example Filter .................................................................................................................. 304
30.4 Filter Types and NAT ....................................................................................................... 306
30.5 Firewall Versus Filters ..................................................................................................... 306
30.6 Applying a Filter ............................................................................................................... 306
30.6.1 Applying LAN Filters ............................................................................................... 307
30.6.2 Applying Remote Node Filters ............................................................................... 307
Chapter 31
SNMP Configuration.............................................................................................................309
31.1 SNMP Configuration ........................................................................................................309
Chapter 32
System Password .................................................................................................................311
Chapter 33
System Information & Diagnosis.........................................................................................313
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Table of Contents
33.1 Introduction to System Status .......................................................................................... 313
33.2 System Status .................................................................................................................. 313
33.3 System Information and Console Port Speed .................................................................. 315
33.3.1 System Information ................................................................................................ 315
33.3.2 Console Port Speed ............................................................................................... 316
33.4 Log and Trace .................................................................................................................. 317
33.4.1 Viewing Error Log ................................................................................................... 317
33.4.2 Syslog Logging ....................................................................................................... 318
33.5 Diagnostic ........................................................................................................................ 320
Chapter 34
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance..................................................................323
34.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 323
34.2 Filename Conventions ..................................................................................................... 323
34.3 Backup Configuration ......................................................................................................324
34.3.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 324
34.3.2 Using the FTP Command from the Command Line ............................................... 325
34.3.3 Example of FTP Commands from the Command Line .......................................... 325
34.3.4 GUI-based FTP Clients .......................................................................................... 326
34.3.5 File Maintenance Over WAN .................................................................................. 326
34.3.6 Backup Configuration Using TFTP ......................................................................... 326
34.3.7 TFTP Command Example ...................................................................................... 327
34.3.8 GUI-based TFTP Clients ........................................................................................ 327
34.3.9 Backup Via Console Port ....................................................................................... 327
34.4 Restore Configuration ...................................................................................................... 328
34.4.1 Restore Using FTP ................................................................................................. 329
34.4.2 Restore Using FTP Session Example .................................................................... 330
34.4.3 Restore Via Console Port ....................................................................................... 330
34.5 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files .................................................................. 331
34.5.1 Firmware File Upload ............................................................................................. 331
34.5.2 Configuration File Upload ....................................................................................... 331
34.5.3 FTP File Upload Command from the DOS Prompt Example ................................. 332
34.5.4 FTP Session Example of Firmware File Upload .................................................... 333
34.5.5 TFTP File Upload ................................................................................................... 333
34.5.6 TFTP Upload Command Example ......................................................................... 334
34.5.7 Uploading Via Console Port ................................................................................... 334
34.5.8 Uploading Firmware File Via Console Port ............................................................ 334
34.5.9 Example Xmodem Firmware Upload Using HyperTerminal ................................... 334
34.5.10 Uploading Configuration File Via Console Port .................................................... 335
34.5.11 Example Xmodem Configuration Upload Using HyperTerminal ........................... 335
Chapter 35
Menus 24.8 to 24.11 .............................................................................................................. 337
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35.1 Command Interpreter Mode ............................................................................................ 337
35.1.1 Command Syntax ................................................................................................... 337
35.1.2 Command Usage ................................................................................................... 338
35.2 Call Control Support ........................................................................................................ 338
35.2.1 Budget Management .............................................................................................. 338
35.3 Time and Date Setting .....................................................................................................339
35.4 Remote Management ...................................................................................................... 341
35.4.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 342
Chapter 36
IP Routing Policy Setup .......................................................................................................343
36.1 Policy Route ................................................................................................................... 343
36.2 Benefits ............................................................................................................................ 343
36.3 Routing Policy .................................................................................................................. 343
36.4 IP Routing Policy Setup ...................................................................................................344
36.5 IP Routing Policy Setup ...................................................................................................344
36.6 IP Routing Policy ............................................................................................................. 346
36.7 IP Policy Routing Example .............................................................................................. 347
Chapter 37
Schedule Setup..................................................................................................................... 349
37.1 Schedule Set Overview ................................................................................................... 349
37.2 Schedule Setup ............................................................................................................... 349
37.3 Schedule Set Setup ......................................................................................................... 350
Chapter 38
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................353
38.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 353
38.2 ZyXEL Device Access and Login .................................................................................... 354
38.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 356
38.4 Advanced Features .........................................................................................................357
38.5 Reset the ZyXEL Device to Its Factory Defaults ............................................................. 357
Part VI: Appendices and Index ........................................................... 359
Appendix A Product Specifications.......................................................................................361
Appendix B Wall-mounting Instructions................................................................................365
Appendix C Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ...........................................................367
Appendix D Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ...................................... 383
P-793H User’s Guide
21
Table of Contents
Appendix E IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................389
Appendix F IP Address Assignment Conflicts ......................................................................397
Appendix G Common Services ............................................................................................401
Appendix H Command Interpreter........................................................................................ 405
Appendix I Log Descriptions................................................................................................. 411
Appendix J NetBIOS Filter Commands ................................................................................427
Appendix K Legal Information ..............................................................................................429
Appendix L Customer Support .............................................................................................433
Index.......................................................................................................................................437
22
P-793H User’s Guide
List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1 High-speed Internet Access with Your ZyXEL Device .............................................................. 39
Figure 2 Point-to-point Connections with Your ZyXEL Device ................................................................ 40
Figure 3 Point-to-2points Connections with Your ZyXEL Device ............................................................ 40
Figure 4 LEDs ......................................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 5 Login Screen ............................................................................................................................ 44
Figure 6 Change Password at Login ...................................................................................................... 44
Figure 7 Select a Mode .......................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 8 Web Configurator: Main Screen .............................................................................................. 46
Figure 9 Status ....................................................................................................................................... 49
Figure 10 Status > Packet Statistics ....................................................................................................... 51
Figure 11 Wizard Main Screen ............................................................................................................... 53
Figure 12 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ..................................................................... 54
Figure 13 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet) ................................................................ 55
Figure 14 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE) .................................................................. 56
Figure 15 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483) .............................................................. 57
Figure 16 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA) .................................................................. 57
Figure 17 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary Screen ............................................................................... 58
Figure 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 60
Figure 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ..................................................................... 61
Figure 20 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................................... 62
Figure 21 Example: Point-to-point Connection ....................................................................................... 63
Figure 22 WAN > Internet Connection > Service Type ........................................................................... 64
Figure 23 Example: Point-to-2points Connection ................................................................................... 65
Figure 24 WAN > Internet Connection > Service Type ........................................................................... 66
Figure 25 Example of Traffic Shaping .................................................................................................... 74
Figure 26 WAN > Internet Connection .................................................................................................... 76
Figure 27 2wire-2line Service Mode ....................................................................................................... 78
Figure 28 WAN > Internet Connection > Advanced Setup ..................................................................... 79
Figure 29 WAN > More Connections ...................................................................................................... 81
Figure 30 WAN > More Connections > Edit ............................................................................................ 82
Figure 31 WAN > More Connections > Advanced Setup ....................................................................... 84
Figure 32 Traffic Redirect Example ........................................................................................................ 85
Figure 33 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 86
Figure 34 WAN > WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................... 87
Figure 35 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup ..................................................................... 89
Figure 36 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit ........................................................... 91
Figure 37 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .................................................................................................. 93
Figure 38 LAN > IP ................................................................................................................................. 97
P-793H User’s Guide
23
List of Figures
Figure 39 LAN > IP > Advanced Setup .................................................................................................. 98
Figure 40 LAN > DHCP Setup ................................................................................................................ 99
Figure 41 LAN > Client List ................................................................................................................... 100
Figure 42 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks ................................................................ 101
Figure 43 LAN > IP Alias ...................................................................................................................... 102
Figure 44 How NAT Works ................................................................................................................... 104
Figure 45 NAT Application With IP Alias .............................................................................................. 105
Figure 46 NAT > General ...................................................................................................................... 106
Figure 47 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 108
Figure 48 NAT > Port Forwarding ......................................................................................................... 109
Figure 49 NAT > Port Forwarding > Edit ...............................................................................................110
Figure 50 NAT > Address Mapping .......................................................................................................111
Figure 51 NAT > Address Mapping > Edit .............................................................................................112
Figure 52 ZyXEL Device Firewall Application ........................................................................................119
Figure 53 Three-Way Handshake ......................................................................................................... 120
Figure 54 SYN Flood ............................................................................................................................ 121
Figure 55 Smurf Attack ......................................................................................................................... 121
Figure 56 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................ 123
Figure 57 Ideal Firewall Setup .............................................................................................................. 132
Figure 58 “Triangle Route” Problem ..................................................................................................... 133
Figure 59 IP Alias ................................................................................................................................. 133
Figure 60 Firewall > General ................................................................................................................ 134
Figure 61 Firewall > Rules .................................................................................................................... 135
Figure 62 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit .................................................................................................. 137
Figure 63 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit > Edit Customized Services ..................................................... 139
Figure 64 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit > Edit Customized Services > Edit ........................................... 140
Figure 65 Firewall Example: Rules ....................................................................................................... 141
Figure 66 Edit Custom Port Example ................................................................................................... 141
Figure 67 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address .............................................................. 142
Figure 68 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................................... 143
Figure 69 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService ................................................................................... 144
Figure 70 Firewall > Anti Probing ......................................................................................................... 144
Figure 71 Firewall > Threshold ............................................................................................................. 147
Figure 72 Content Filter > Keyword ...................................................................................................... 149
Figure 73 Content Filter > Schedule ..................................................................................................... 150
Figure 74 Content Filter > Trusted ........................................................................................................ 151
Figure 75 VPN: Example ...................................................................................................................... 153
Figure 76 VPN: IKE SA and IPSec SA ................................................................................................ 154
Figure 77 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 1 - 2: IKE SA Proposal ........................................... 155
Figure 78 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 3 - 4: DH Key Exchange ........................................ 155
Figure 79 IKE SA: Main Negotiation Mode, Steps 5 - 6: Authentication ............................................... 156
Figure 80 VPN/NAT Example ............................................................................................................... 158
Figure 81 VPN: Transport and Tunnel Mode Encapsulation ................................................................ 159
24
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List of Figures
Figure 82 VPN > Setup ........................................................................................................................ 162
Figure 83 VPN > Setup > Edit .............................................................................................................. 163
Figure 84 VPN > Setup > Edit > Advanced .......................................................................................... 167
Figure 85 VPN > Setup > Edit > Manual .............................................................................................. 170
Figure 86 VPN > Monitor ...................................................................................................................... 173
Figure 87 VPN > VPN Global Setting ................................................................................................... 173
Figure 88 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ................................................................ 174
Figure 89 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ............................................................. 175
Figure 90 Example of Static Routing Topology ..................................................................................... 177
Figure 91 Static Route > Static Route ................................................................................................... 178
Figure 92 Static Route > Static Route > Edit ........................................................................................ 179
Figure 93 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ................................................................ 182
Figure 94 Bandwidth MGMT > Summary .............................................................................................186
Figure 95 Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup ........................................................................................... 187
Figure 96 Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup > Add/Edit ......................................................................... 188
Figure 97 Bandwidth MGMT > Monitor ................................................................................................. 190
Figure 98 Dynamic DNS > Dynamic DNS ............................................................................................192
Figure 99 Remote MGMT > WWW ....................................................................................................... 196
Figure 100 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ......................................................................... 197
Figure 101 Remote MGMT > Telnet ..................................................................................................... 197
Figure 102 Remote MGMT > FTP ........................................................................................................ 198
Figure 103 SNMP Management Model ................................................................................................ 199
Figure 104 Remote MGMT > SNMP .................................................................................................... 201
Figure 105 Remote MGMT > DNS ....................................................................................................... 202
Figure 106 Remote MGMT > ICMP ...................................................................................................... 203
Figure 107 Enabling TR-069 ............................................................................................................... 204
Figure 108 UPnP > General ................................................................................................................. 206
Figure 109 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 207
Figure 110 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 208
Figure 111 Network Connections .......................................................................................................... 208
Figure 112 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................................... 209
Figure 113 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 209
Figure 114 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 210
Figure 115 Internet Connection Properties ...........................................................................................211
Figure 116 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ............................................................211
Figure 117 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 212
Figure 118 System Tray Icon ................................................................................................................ 212
Figure 119 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................................. 213
Figure 120 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 214
Figure 121 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 215
Figure 122 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ...................................... 215
Figure 123 System > General ............................................................................................................... 220
Figure 124 System > Time Setting ....................................................................................................... 221
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List of Figures
Figure 125 Logs > View Log ................................................................................................................. 226
Figure 126 Logs > Log Settings ........................................................................................................... 227
Figure 127 Tools > Firmware ................................................................................................................ 229
Figure 128 Firmware Upload In Progress ............................................................................................. 230
Figure 129 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................230
Figure 130 Error Message .................................................................................................................... 231
Figure 131 Tools > Configuration .......................................................................................................... 231
Figure 132 Configuration Upload Successful ....................................................................................... 232
Figure 133 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................232
Figure 134 Configuration Upload Error ................................................................................................. 233
Figure 135 Tools > Restart ................................................................................................................... 233
Figure 136 Diagnostic > General .......................................................................................................... 235
Figure 137 Diagnostic > DSL Line ........................................................................................................ 236
Figure 138 Login Screen ...................................................................................................................... 239
Figure 139 SMT Main Menu ................................................................................................................. 240
Figure 140 Menu 1: General Setup ...................................................................................................... 245
Figure 141 Menu 1.1: Configure Dynamic DNS ................................................................................... 246
Figure 142 Menu 2: WAN Setup ........................................................................................................... 249
Figure 143 Menu 2: 2wire-2line Service Mode ..................................................................................... 251
Figure 144 Menu 2.1: Traffic Redirect Setup ........................................................................................ 252
Figure 145 Menu 2.2: Dial Backup Setup ............................................................................................ 253
Figure 146 Menu 2.2.1: Advanced Dial Backup Setup ......................................................................... 254
Figure 147 Menu 3: LAN Setup ............................................................................................................ 257
Figure 148 Menu 3.1: LAN Port Filter Setup ........................................................................................ 257
Figure 149 Menu 3.2: TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup .................................................................... 258
Figure 150 Menu 3.2.1: IP Alias Setup ................................................................................................. 260
Figure 151 Menu 3.6: Port Based VLAN Setup .................................................................................... 261
Figure 152 Menu 4: Internet Access Setup .......................................................................................... 263
Figure 153 Menu 11: Remote Node Setup ........................................................................................... 265
Figure 154 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile (nodes 1-7) .................................................................... 266
Figure 155 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile (node 8) ......................................................................... 268
Figure 156 Menu 11.3: Remote Node Network Layer Options ............................................................. 269
Figure 157 Menu 11.5: Remote Node Filter ......................................................................................... 272
Figure 158 ...................................................................Menu 11.6: Remote Node ATM Layer Options 273
Figure 159 Menu 11.8: Advance Setup Options ................................................................................... 274
Figure 160 Menu 12.1: IP Static Route Setup ..................................................................................... 275
Figure 161 Menu 12.1.1: Edit IP Static Route ...................................................................................... 276
Figure 162 Menu 12.3: Bridge Static Route Setup ............................................................................... 277
Figure 163 Menu 12.3.1: Edit Bridge Static Route ...............................................................................277
Figure 164 Menu 4: Applying NAT for Internet Access ......................................................................... 280
Figure 165 Menu 11.3: Applying NAT to the Remote Node .................................................................. 280
Figure 166 Menu 15: NAT Setup .......................................................................................................... 281
Figure 167 Menu 15.1: Address Mapping Sets .................................................................................... 282
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P-793H User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 168 Menu 15.1.1: Address Mapping Rules ............................................................................... 282
Figure 169 Menu 15.1.1.1: Address Mapping Rule .............................................................................. 284
Figure 170 Menu 15.2: NAT Server Sets .............................................................................................. 285
Figure 171 Menu 15.2: NAT Server Setup ........................................................................................... 285
Figure 172 NAT Example 1 .................................................................................................................. 286
Figure 173 Menu 4: Internet Access & NAT Example .......................................................................... 287
Figure 174 NAT Example 2 .................................................................................................................. 287
Figure 175 Menu 15.2: Specifying an Inside Server ............................................................................. 288
Figure 176 NAT Example 3 .................................................................................................................. 288
Figure 177 Example 3: Menu 11.3 ........................................................................................................ 289
Figure 178 Example 3: Menu 15.1.1.1 ................................................................................................. 289
Figure 179 Example 3: Final Menu 15.1.1 ............................................................................................ 290
Figure 180 Example 3: Menu 15.2 ....................................................................................................... 290
Figure 181 NAT Example 4 .................................................................................................................. 291
Figure 182 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1.1: Address Mapping Rule ........................................................... 291
Figure 183 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1: Address Mapping Rules ............................................................ 292
Figure 184 Menu 21: Filter and Firewall Setup ..................................................................................... 293
Figure 185 Menu 21.2: Firewall Setup .................................................................................................. 294
Figure 186 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process ..................................................................................... 295
Figure 187 Filter Rule Process ............................................................................................................. 297
Figure 188 Menu 21: Filter and Firewall Setup ..................................................................................... 298
Figure 189 Menu 21.1: Filter Set Configuration .................................................................................... 298
Figure 190 Menu 21.1.1: Filter Rules Summary ...................................................................................298
Figure 191 Menu 21.1.1.1: TCP/IP Filter Rule ..................................................................................... 300
Figure 192 Executing an IP Filter ......................................................................................................... 302
Figure 193 Menu 21.1.1.1: Generic Filter Rule .................................................................................... 303
Figure 194 Telnet Filter Example .......................................................................................................... 304
Figure 195 Example Filter: Menu 21.1.3.1 ........................................................................................... 305
Figure 196 Example Filter Rules Summary: Menu 21.1.3 .................................................................... 305
Figure 197 Protocol and Device Filter Sets .......................................................................................... 306
Figure 198 Filtering LAN Traffic ............................................................................................................ 307
Figure 199 Filtering Remote Node Traffic ............................................................................................. 307
Figure 200 Menu 22: SNMP Configuration ........................................................................................... 309
Figure 201 Menu 23: System Password ................................................................................................311
Figure 202 Menu 24: System Maintenance .......................................................................................... 313
Figure 203 Menu 24.1: System Maintenance - Status .......................................................................... 314
Figure 204 Menu 24.2: System Information and Console Port Speed ................................................. 315
Figure 205 Menu 24.2.1: System Maintenance - Information ............................................................... 316
Figure 206 Menu 24.2.2: System Maintenance: Change Console Port Speed .................................... 316
Figure 207 Menu 24.3: System Maintenance - Log and Trace ............................................................. 317
Figure 208 Examples of Error and Information Messages ................................................................... 317
Figure 209 Menu 24.3.2: System Maintenance - UNIX Syslog ............................................................ 318
Figure 210 Menu 24.4: System Maintenance - Diagnostic ................................................................... 321
P-793H User’s Guide
27
List of Figures
Figure 211 Menu 24.5: Backup Configuration ...................................................................................... 325
Figure 212 FTP Session Example ........................................................................................................ 325
Figure 213 System Maintenance: Backup Configuration ..................................................................... 328
Figure 214 System Maintenance: Starting Xmodem Download Screen ............................................... 328
Figure 215 Backup Configuration Example .......................................................................................... 328
Figure 216 Successful Backup Confirmation Screen ........................................................................... 328
Figure 217 Menu 24.6: Restore Configuration ..................................................................................... 329
Figure 218 Restore Using FTP Session Example ................................................................................ 330
Figure 219 System Maintenance: Restore Configuration ..................................................................... 330
Figure 220 System Maintenance: Starting Xmodem Download Screen ............................................... 330
Figure 221 Restore Configuration Example ......................................................................................... 330
Figure 222 Successful Restoration Confirmation Screen ..................................................................... 331
Figure 223 Menu 24.7.1: System Maintenance - Upload System Firmware ........................................ 331
Figure 224 Menu 24.7.2: System Maintenance - Upload System Configuration File ........................... 332
Figure 225 FTP Session Example of Firmware File Upload ................................................................. 333
Figure 226 Menu 24.7.1 As Seen Using the Console Port ................................................................... 334
Figure 227 Example Xmodem Upload .................................................................................................. 335
Figure 228 Menu 24.7.2 As Seen Using the Console Port .................................................................. 335
Figure 229 Example Xmodem Upload .................................................................................................. 336
Figure 230 Command Mode in Menu 24 .............................................................................................. 337
Figure 231 Valid Commands ................................................................................................................ 338
Figure 232 Menu 24.9: System Maintenance - Call Control ................................................................. 338
Figure 233 Menu 24.9.1 - Budget Management ................................................................................... 339
Figure 234 Menu 24: System Maintenance .......................................................................................... 340
Figure 235 Menu 24.10: System Maintenance - Time and Date Setting .............................................. 340
Figure 236 Menu 24.11 – Remote Management Control ..................................................................... 342
Figure 237 Menu 25: IP Routing Policy Setup ...................................................................................... 344
Figure 238 Menu 25.1: IP Routing Policy Setup ................................................................................... 345
Figure 239 Menu 25.1.1: IP Routing Policy .......................................................................................... 346
Figure 240 IP Routing Policy Example ................................................................................................. 347
Figure 241 IP Routing Policy Example 1 .............................................................................................. 348
Figure 242 IP Routing Policy Example 2 .............................................................................................. 348
Figure 243 Menu 26: Schedule Setup .................................................................................................. 349
Figure 244 Menu 26.1: Schedule Set Setup ......................................................................................... 350
Figure 245 Y-Cable Configuration ........................................................................................................ 364
Figure 246 Wall-mounting Example ...................................................................................................... 365
Figure 247 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 368
Figure 248 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 369
Figure 249 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 370
Figure 250 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................................... 371
Figure 251 Windows XP: Control Panel ............................................................................................... 371
Figure 252 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ......................................... 372
Figure 253 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 372
28
P-793H User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 254 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 373
Figure 255 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 374
Figure 256 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 375
Figure 257 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 376
Figure 258 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................................. 376
Figure 259 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................ 377
Figure 260 Macintosh OS X: Network .................................................................................................. 378
Figure 261 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 379
Figure 262 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................................................. 379
Figure 263 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................................... 380
Figure 264 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ........................................................ 380
Figure 265 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ............................................... 381
Figure 266 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................... 381
Figure 267 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ........................................................................ 381
Figure 268 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................................. 381
Figure 269 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 382
Figure 270 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 383
Figure 271 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 384
Figure 272 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 385
Figure 273 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 385
Figure 274 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 386
Figure 275 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 387
Figure 276 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 387
Figure 277 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 388
Figure 278 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 390
Figure 279 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 392
Figure 280 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 393
Figure 281 IP Address Conflicts: Case A ............................................................................................. 397
Figure 282 IP Address Conflicts: Case B ............................................................................................. 398
Figure 283 IP Address Conflicts: Case C ............................................................................................. 398
Figure 284 IP Address Conflicts: Case D ............................................................................................. 399
Figure 285 Displaying Log Categories Example .................................................................................. 406
Figure 286 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................................. 406
Figure 287 Routing Command Example .............................................................................................. 407
Figure 288 Backup Gateway ................................................................................................................ 409
Figure 289 Routing Command Example .............................................................................................. 410
Figure 290 Displaying Log Categories Example .................................................................................. 424
Figure 291 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................................. 425
P-793H User’s Guide
29
List of Figures
30
P-793H User’s Guide
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1 LEDs ......................................................................................................................................... 42
Table 2 Web Configurator Screens Summary ....................................................................................... 46
Table 3 Status ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Table 4 Status > Packet Statistics .......................................................................................................... 51
Table 5 Wizard Main Screen .................................................................................................................. 53
Table 6 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters .................................................................................... 54
Table 7 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet) ................................................................... 55
Table 8 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE) ..................................................................... 56
Table 9 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483) ................................................................. 57
Table 10 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA) ................................................................... 58
Table 11 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary ............................................................................................ 58
Table 12 Bandwidth Management Setup: Services ............................................................................... 59
Table 13 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 60
Table 14 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ...................................................................... 61
Table 15 WAN > Internet Connection .................................................................................................... 76
Table 16 2wire-2line Service Mode ........................................................................................................ 79
Table 17 WAN > Internet Connection > Advanced Setup ...................................................................... 80
Table 18 WAN > More Connections ...................................................................................................... 81
Table 19 WAN > More Connections > Edit ............................................................................................ 82
Table 20 WAN > More Connections > Advanced Setup ........................................................................ 84
Table 21 WAN > WAN Backup Setup .................................................................................................... 87
Table 22 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup ..................................................................... 89
Table 23 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit ........................................................... 91
Table 24 LAN > IP ................................................................................................................................. 97
Table 25 LAN > IP > Advanced Setup ................................................................................................... 98
Table 26 LAN > DHCP Setup ................................................................................................................ 99
Table 27 LAN > Client List ................................................................................................................... 100
Table 28 LAN > IP Alias ....................................................................................................................... 102
Table 29 NAT Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 103
Table 30 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................................................. 106
Table 31 NAT General ......................................................................................................................... 107
Table 32 NAT > Port Forwarding ......................................................................................................... 109
Table 33 NAT > Port Forwarding > Edit ................................................................................................110
Table 34 NAT > Address Mapping ........................................................................................................111
Table 35 NAT > Address Mapping > Edit ..............................................................................................112
Table 36 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts ................................................................................... 122
Table 37 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................................... 122
Table 38 Legal SMTP Commands ....................................................................................................... 122
P-793H User’s Guide
31
List of Tables
Table 39 Firewall > General ................................................................................................................. 134
Table 40 Firewall > Rules .................................................................................................................... 135
Table 41 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit ................................................................................................... 137
Table 42 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit > Edit Customized Services ...................................................... 139
Table 43 Firewall > Rules > Add/Edit > Edit Customized Services > Edit ........................................... 140
Table 44 Firewall > Anti Probing .......................................................................................................... 145
Table 45 Firewall > Threshold .............................................................................................................. 147
Table 46 Content Filter > Keyword ...................................................................................................... 150
Table 47 Content Filter > Schedule ..................................................................................................... 151
Table 48 Content Filter > Trusted ........................................................................................................ 151
Table 49 VPN Example: Matching ID Type and Content ..................................................................... 156
Table 50 VPN Example: Mismatching ID Type and Content ............................................................... 157
Table 51 VPN > Setup ......................................................................................................................... 162
Table 52 VPN > Setup > Edit ............................................................................................................... 164
Table 53 VPN > Setup > Edit > Advanced ........................................................................................... 168
Table 54 VPN > Setup > Edit > Manual ............................................................................................... 170
Table 55 VPN > Monitor ....................................................................................................................... 173
Table 56 VPN > VPN Global Setting .................................................................................................... 174
Table 57 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ................................................................. 175
Table 58 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ............................................................. 176
Table 59 Static Route > Static Route ................................................................................................... 178
Table 60 Static Route > Static Route > Edit ......................................................................................... 179
Table 61 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ....................................... 182
Table 62 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................................... 183
Table 63 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example .......................... 184
Table 64 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ....................... 184
Table 65 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................................. 185
Table 66 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................................................ 185
Table 67 Bandwidth MGMT > Summary .............................................................................................. 186
Table 68 Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup ........................................................................................... 187
Table 69 Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup > Add/Edit .......................................................................... 188
Table 70 Dynamic DNS > Dynamic DNS ............................................................................................. 192
Table 71 Remote MGMT > WWW ....................................................................................................... 196
Table 72 Remote MGMT > Telnet ........................................................................................................ 198
Table 73 Remote MGMT > FTP ........................................................................................................... 198
Table 74 SNMPv1 Traps ...................................................................................................................... 200
Table 75 SNMPv2 Traps ...................................................................................................................... 200
Table 76 Remote MGMT > SNMP ....................................................................................................... 201
Table 77 Remote MGMT > DNS .......................................................................................................... 202
Table 78 Remote MGMT > ICMP ........................................................................................................ 203
Table 79 TR-069 Commands ............................................................................................................... 204
Table 80 UPnP > General .................................................................................................................... 206
Table 81 System > General ................................................................................................................. 220
32
P-793H User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 82 System > Time Setting .......................................................................................................... 221
Table 83 Logs > View Log ................................................................................................................... 226
Table 84 Logs > Log Settings .............................................................................................................. 227
Table 85 Tools > Firmware ................................................................................................................... 229
Table 86 Tools > Configuration ............................................................................................................ 231
Table 87 Diagnostic > General ............................................................................................................ 235
Table 88 Diagnostic > DSL Line .......................................................................................................... 236
Table 89 Main Menu Summary ............................................................................................................ 240
Table 90 SMT Menus Overview ........................................................................................................... 241
Table 91 Main Menu Commands ......................................................................................................... 242
Table 92 Menu 1: General Setup ......................................................................................................... 245
Table 93 Menu 1.1: Configure Dynamic DNS ......................................................................................247
Table 94 Menu 2: WAN Setup ............................................................................................................. 249
Table 95 Menu 2: 2wire-2line Service Mode ........................................................................................ 251
Table 96 Menu 2.1: Traffic Redirect Setup .......................................................................................... 253
Table 97 Menu 2.2: Dial Backup Setup ............................................................................................... 254
Table 98 Menu 2.2.1: Advanced Dial Backup Setup ........................................................................... 255
Table 99 Menu 3.2: TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup ...................................................................... 258
Table 100 Menu 3.2.1: IP Alias Setup ................................................................................................. 260
Table 101 Menu 4: Internet Access Setup ........................................................................................... 263
Table 102 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile (nodes 1-7) .................................................................... 266
Table 103 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile (node 8) ......................................................................... 268
Table 104 Menu 11.3: Remote Node Network Layer Options ............................................................. 270
Table 105 Menu 11.5: Remote Node Filter .......................................................................................... 272
Table 106 Menu 11.6: Remote Node ATM Layer Options ................................................................... 273
Table 107 Menu 11.8: Advance Setup Options ................................................................................... 274
Table 108 Menu 12.1.1: Edit IP Static Route ....................................................................................... 276
Table 109 Menu 12.3.1: Edit Bridge Static Route ................................................................................ 277
Table 110 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3 ......................................................................................... 281
Table 111 Menu 15.1.1: Address Mapping Rules ................................................................................ 283
Table 112 Menu 15.1.1.1: Address Mapping Rule ............................................................................... 284
Table 113 Menu 15.2: NAT Server Setup ............................................................................................ 286
Table 114 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu ...................................................... 299
Table 115 Rule Abbreviations Used ..................................................................................................... 299
Table 116 Menu 21.1.1.1: TCP/IP Filter Rule ...................................................................................... 300
Table 117 Menu 21.1.1.1: Generic Filter Rule ..................................................................................... 303
Table 118 Menu 22: SNMP Configuration ........................................................................................... 309
Table 119 Menu 23: System Password ................................................................................................311
Table 120 Menu 24.1: System Maintenance - Status .......................................................................... 314
Table 121 Menu 24.2.1: System Maintenance - Information ............................................................... 316
Table 122 Menu 24.3.2: System Maintenance - UNIX Syslog ............................................................. 318
Table 123 Menu 24.4: System Maintenance - Diagnostic ................................................................... 321
Table 124 Filename Conventions ........................................................................................................ 324
P-793H User’s Guide
33
List of Tables
Table 125 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients ................................................................ 326
Table 126 General Commands for GUI-based TFTP Clients .............................................................. 327
Table 127 Menu 24.9.1 - Budget Management ................................................................................... 339
Table 128 Menu 24.10: System Maintenance - Time and Date Setting ............................................... 340
Table 129 Menu 24.11 – Remote Management Control ...................................................................... 342
Table 130 Menu 25.1: IP Routing Policy Setup ................................................................................... 345
Table 131 Menu 25: IP Routing Policy Setup, Abbreviations .............................................................. 345
Table 132 Menu 25.1.1: IP Routing Policy ........................................................................................... 346
Table 133 Menu 26: Schedule Setup ................................................................................................... 350
Table 134 Menu 26.1: Schedule Set Setup ......................................................................................... 351
Table 135 Device ................................................................................................................................. 361
Table 136 Firmware ............................................................................................................................. 361
Table 137 Firmware Features .............................................................................................................. 363
Table 138 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example ........................................................... 390
Table 139 Subnet Masks ..................................................................................................................... 391
Table 140 Maximum Host Numbers .................................................................................................... 391
Table 141 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................................... 391
Table 142 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 393
Table 143 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 394
Table 144 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................................. 394
Table 145 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 394
Table 146 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 394
Table 147 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 395
Table 148 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 395
Table 149 Commonly Used Services ................................................................................................... 401
Table 150 System Maintenance Logs ...................................................................................................411
Table 151 System Error Logs .............................................................................................................. 412
Table 152 Access Control Logs ........................................................................................................... 412
Table 153 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................................. 413
Table 154 Packet Filter Logs ............................................................................................................... 413
Table 155 ICMP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 413
Table 156 CDR Logs ........................................................................................................................... 414
Table 157 PPP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 414
Table 158 UPnP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 414
Table 159 Content Filtering Logs ......................................................................................................... 415
Table 160 Attack Logs ......................................................................................................................... 415
Table 161 IPSec Logs .......................................................................................................................... 416
Table 162 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................................. 417
Table 163 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................................. 419
Table 164 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ............................................................ 420
Table 165 802.1X Logs ........................................................................................................................ 421
Table 166 ACL Setting Notes .............................................................................................................. 422
Table 167 ICMP Notes ......................................................................................................................... 422
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List of Tables
Table 168 Syslog Logs ........................................................................................................................ 423
Table 169 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types .................................................................................... 423
Table 170 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings .......................................................................................... 428
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35
List of Tables
36
P-793H User’s Guide
PART I
Introduction,
Wizards and
Tutorials
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device (39)
Introducing the Web Configurator (43)
Wizards (53)
Point-to-(2)point Configuration (63)
37
38
CHAPTER 1
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL
Device
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of your ZyXEL Device.
1.1 Overview
This ZyXEL Device is a secure G.SHDSL.bis router with a 4-port switch.
Set up your ZyXEL Device for high-speed Internet access or for high-speed point-to-point
connections with other ZyXEL Devices of the same type. In either setup, the ZyXEL Device
itself can act as a router or as a bridge.
See Appendix A on page 361 for a complete list of features you can configure on your ZyXEL
Device.
1.1.1 High-speed Internet Access
The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. In addition, unlike ADSL
or VDSL, G.SHDSL.bis supports the same high speed for transmission and receiving.
Figure 1 High-speed Internet Access with Your ZyXEL Device
For Internet access, connect the DSL port to the phone port. Then, connect your computers or
servers to the LAN ports for shared Internet access. (See the Quick Start Guide for detailed
instructions about hardware connections.) Next, set up each ZyXEL Device as a router or as a
bridge, depending on the desired configuration. As a router, the ZyXEL Device provides
features such as firewall, content filtering and bandwidth management. As a bridge, the
ZyXEL Device minimizes the configuration changes you have to make in your existing
network.
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39
Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device
1.1.2 High-speed Point-to-point Connections
Use two ZyXEL Devices to create a cost-effective, high-speed connection for high-bandwidth
applications such as videoconferencing and distance learning.
Figure 2 Point-to-point Connections with Your ZyXEL Device
The ZyXEL Devices provide a simple, fast point-to-point connection between two
geographically-dispersed networks.
1.1.3 High-speed Point-to-2points Connections
Use three ZyXEL Devices to connect two remote networks to a central location. For example,
connect the headquarters to two branch offices. In this scenario the central ZyXEL Device acts
in a similar way as an Internet service provider.
Figure 3 Point-to-2points Connections with Your ZyXEL Device
" See Chapter 4 on page 63 for more information on setting up point-to-point
and point-to-2points connections.
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Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device
Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device
using a (supported) web browser. See Chapter 2 on page 43.
• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service
engineers. See Appendix H on page 405.
• SMT. System Management Terminal is a text-based configuration menu that you can use
to configure your device. See Chapter 21 on page 239.
• FTP. Use File Transfer Protocol for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.
See Chapter 15 on page 195.
• SNMP. The device can be monitored and/or managed by an SNMP manager. See Chapter
15 on page 195.
• TR-069. This is a standard that defines how your ZyXEL Device can be managed by a
management server. See Chapter 15 on page 195.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device
Do the following things regularly to make the ZyXEL Device more secure and to manage the
ZyXEL Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an
1.4 LEDs
The following figure shows the LEDs.
Figure 4 LEDs
different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even
crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the ZyXEL Device to its
factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have
to totally re-configure the ZyXEL Device. You could simply restore your last
configuration.
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41
Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device
The following table describes the LEDs.
Table 1 LEDs
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is rebooting or performing diagnostics.
Red On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.
Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.
LAN 1~4 Green On This port has a successful Ethernet connection.
Blinking This port is sending/receiving data.
Off This port is not connected.
DSL1/DSL2 Green On The DSL line is up.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.
Off The DSL line is down.
Note: For Internet access setup or point-to-point connections, the DSL1 and DSL2
LEDs indicate the status of a single connection (act as one LED). For pointto-2point connections, the DSL1 and DSL2 LEDs indicate the status of
connection 1 and connection 2 respectively.
properly.
INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up, and the ZyXEL Device has an
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.
Red On The ZyXEL Device tried to get an IP address, but an error
Off The Internet connection is down.
IP address. (If the ZyXEL Device uses RFC 1483 in bridge
mode, this light does not turn on, but it does blink when the
ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.)
occurred.
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P-793H User’s Guide
CHAPTER 2
Introducing the Web
Configurator
This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.
2.1 Web Configurator Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScripts (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start
Guide).
2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the
Quick Start Guide).
3 Launch your web browser.
4 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.
5 A window displays as shown. Enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the
wizards and the advanced features or enter the default user password user to view the
status only. Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or
click Cancel to revert to the default password.
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43
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Figure 5 Login Screen
6 If you entered the user password, the Status screen appears. See Section 2.4 on page 48.
If you entered the admin password, the following screen appears.
Figure 6 Change Password at Login
It is highly recommended you change the default admin password. Enter a new password
between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to confirm and click Apply; alternatively click
Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not want to change the password now.
" If you do not change the password at least once, this screen appears every
time you log in with the admin password. You can also change the password in
System > General or in Menu 23: System Password.
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P-793H User’s Guide
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
7 Select Go to Wizard setup, and click Apply to display the wizard main screen. Select
Go to Advanced setup, and click Apply to display the Status screen. Select Click here
to always start with the Advanced setup if you want the ZyXEL Device to skip this
screen from now on and always go to the Status screen. See Section 2.4 on page 48.
Figure 7 Select a Mode
" The management session automatically times out when the time period set in
the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens to you.
2.3 Navigating the Web Configurator
After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.
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45
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Figure 8 Web Configurator: Main Screen
Use
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device
Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.
" Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view
embedded help.
Table 2 Web Configurator Screens Summary
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
Wizard INTERNET
SETUP
BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP
Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.
Status Use this screen to look at the ZyXEL Device’s general device,
Network
WAN Internet
Connection
More Connections Use this screen to configure and place calls to a remote
WAN Backup
Setup
Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.
Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet size.
system and interface status information. You can also access
the summary statistics tables.
Use this screen to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, DSL line, point-to-point or point-to-2point
connections.
gateway.
Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 2 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings and other
advanced properties.
DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.
Client List
IP Alias
NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port Forwarding Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.
Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation
Security
Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the
Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows
Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.
Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in
Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL Device
Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from
VPN Setup Use this screen to configure each VPN tunnel.
Monitor Use this screen to look at the current status of each VPN
VPN Global
Setting
Advanced
Static Route Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.
Bandwidth
MGMT
Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an
Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.
Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).
Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.
mapping rules.
direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.
you to edit/add a firewall rule.
the URL.
to perform content filtering.
content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.
tunnel.
Use this screen to allow NetBIOS traffic through VPN tunnels.
interface.
and allotments.
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47
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 2 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
Remote MGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.
Te lnet Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.
FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.
SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for
Simple Network Management Protocol management.
DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
UPnP General Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.
Maintenance
System General This screen contains administrative and system-related
Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.
Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you
Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.
Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without
Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify
DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify
from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.
information and also allows you to change your password.
selected.
reset the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.
turning the power off.
problems with the ZyXEL Device general connection.
problems with the DSL line.
2.4 Status Screen
The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
" Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the
login password screen (see Figure 5 on page 44).
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P-793H User’s Guide
Figure 9 Status
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 3 Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all
Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
Device Information
Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance, System, General
Model Number This is the model name of the ZyXEL Device.
MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your
ZyNOS Firmware
Ver si on
DSL Firmware
Ver si on
WAN1/WAN2
Information
DSL Standard This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.
IP Address
IP Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh
the screen statistics.
screen. It is for identification purposes.
ZyXEL Device.
This is the ZyNOS Firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.
This is the DSL firmware version code associated with the ZyXEL Device. This is
sometimes needed by technicians to help troubleshoot problems.
If you configure a point-to-2point connection, then your WAN information is
displayed for both DSL 1 and DSL 2 connections.
This is the WAN port IP address.
This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.
This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 3 Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in
the Wizard or WAN screen.
LAN Information
IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.
IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.
DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.
Security This section is not available if you use the user password to log in.
Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.
Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.
System Status
System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.
Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.
System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.
CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device
is using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.
The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).
The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Interface Status
Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device interfaces.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting. Ethernet port
Summary This section is not available if you use the user password to log in.
Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.
Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
VPN Status Use this screen to view the status of any VPN tunnels the ZyXEL Device has
connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex refers to a
device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex indicates
that traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port must use the
same speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in order to connect.
Simultaneous transmissions over the same port (Full-duplex) essentially double
the bandwidth.
For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
This is displayed for both DSL 1 and DSL 2 connections.
negotiated.
2.4.1 Status: Bandwidth Status
This is the same screen discussed in Figure 97 on page 190.
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P-793H User’s Guide
2.4.2 Status: Packet Statistics
Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable.
Figure 10 Status > Packet Statistics
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 4 Status > Packet Statistics
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Monitor
System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.
Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.
CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.
Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.
WAN Port Statistics
Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.
WAN IP Address This is the IP address assigned to your ZyXEL Device on the WAN.
Transfer Rate This is the rate at which information is flowing to/from the ZyXEL Device.
Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are
PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.
Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation. It displays N/A if the port
is not connected.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 4 Status > Packet Statistics (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.
Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.
LAN Port Statistics
Interface This field displays the type of port.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.
Help Click this to open the embedded help.
Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.
Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval
field above.
Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.
2.4.3 Status: VPN Status
This is the same screen discussed in Figure 86 on page 173.
2.5 Resetting the ZyXEL Device
If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.
2.5.1 Using the Reset Button
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and
then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.
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CHAPTER 3
Wizards
Use these screens to configure Internet access or to configure basic bandwidth management.
" See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.
To access the wizards, click Go to Wizard setup in Figure 7 on page 45, or click the wizard
icon ( ) in the top right corner of the web configurator. The wizard main screen appears.
Figure 11 Wizard Main Screen
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 5 Wizard Main Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
INTERNET
SETUP
BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMEN
T SETUP
Exit Click this to close the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the
P-793H User’s Guide
Click this if you want to configure Internet access settings. See Section 3.1 on page
54.
Click this if you want to configure basic bandwidth management. See Section 3.2 on
page 59.
main window.
53
Chapter 3 Wizards
3.1 Internet Setup Wizard
Use these screens to configure Internet access settings. To access this wizard, click
INTERNET SETUP in the wizard main screen.
3.1.1 Screen 1
This screen lets you enter some of the ISP settings for your Internet connection.
Figure 12 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 6 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode Select Routing (default) if your ISP allows multiple computers to share an Internet
account. Otherwise, select Bridge.
Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list
Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list
Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.
VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or
PPPoE.
box either VC-based or LLC-based.
Refer to the appendix for more information.
depends on what mode and encapsulation you selected above.
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P-793H User’s Guide
3.1.2 Screen 2
These screens let you enter the rest of the Internet settings, which depend on the encapsulation
your Internet connection uses (and the mode you selected, for RFC1483).
This screen appears if your Internet connection uses Ethernet encapsulation.
Figure 13 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet)
Chapter 3 Wizards
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 7 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP
Address
IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
Gateway IP
Address
First DNS
Server
Second DNS
Server
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Select this if you have a dynamic IP address.
Select this if you have a static (fixed) IP address, and enter the information below.
These fields appear if you select Static IP Address.
Enter the IP address of the gateway provided by your ISP. If your ISP did not provide
one, use the default value.
Enter the IP address(es) of the DNS server(s) provided by your ISP. If your ISP did
not provide one or both, use the default value(s).
This screen appears if your Internet connection uses PPPoE encapsulation.
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Chapter 3 Wizards
Figure 14 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 8 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here. Leave this field blank if your ISP did not
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.
provide you a PPPoE service.
56
This screen appears if your Internet connection uses RFC1483 encapsulation.
P-793H User’s Guide
Figure 15 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 3 Wizards
This screen appears if your Internet connection uses PPPoA encapsulation.
Figure 16 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA)
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Chapter 3 Wizards
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
3.1.3 Screen 3
This screen appears when you complete the Internet Setup wizard.
Figure 17 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary Screen
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.
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3 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.
Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.The following table describes the
fields in this screen.
Tabl e 11 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Return to
Wizard Main
Page
Go to
Advanced
Setup Page
Finish Click this to close the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the main
Click this to return to the wizard main page. See Figure 11 on page 53.
Click this to go to the main window. See Figure 8 on page 46.
window.
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Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. If you cannot access the Internet,
open the web configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the
wizard setup are correct.
Internet access is just the beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed
information on the complete range of ZyXEL Device features.
3.2 Bandwidth Management Wizard
Use these screens to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the ZyXEL Device’s
WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth. This helps keep one service, or
application, from using all of the available bandwidth and shutting out other services.
The following table describes the services you can select.
Table 12 Bandwidth Management Setup: Services
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific
groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80
FTP File Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may
not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.
NetMeeting
(H.323)
VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.
VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session
Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in
A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, and file transfers and application sharing.
NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and videoconferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
videoconferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.
SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP,
using the default port number 5060.
UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.
Chapter 3 Wizards
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Chapter 3 Wizards
Table 12 Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but
WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-
To access this wizard, open the web configurator (see Section 2.2 on page 43) and click
BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP in the wizard main screen.
3.2.1 Screen 1
Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on the
services.
Figure 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).
linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.
60
The following fields describe the label in this screen.
Table 13 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth
management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s WAN or LAN port. If
you do not select this, you cannot run the rest of the wizard.
Services Setup Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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3.2.2 Screen 2
Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth
management, and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.
Figure 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
Chapter 3 Wizards
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/
Service These fields display the services names.
Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a
Auto classifier
rest bandwidth
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
application.
priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally
amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all
specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >
Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these
rule configurations.
Select Auto classifier rest bandwidth to automatically allocate unbudgeted or
unused bandwidth to services based on the packet type.
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Chapter 3 Wizards
3.2.3 Screen 3
Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save your
configuration.
Figure 20 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete
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CHAPTER 4
Point-to-(2)point Configuration
This chapter introduces point-to-point and point-to-2point connections.
4.1 Point-to-point Connection Overview
You can set up point-to-point connection between two ZyXEL Devices. These connections
offer a cost-effective, high-speed connection for high-bandwidth applications such as
videoconferencing and distance learning. An example is shown below.
Figure 21 Example: Point-to-point Connection
In a point-to-point connection, the DSL ports on the ZyXEL Devices are directly connected to
each other, not to an ISP or the Internet.
" A point-to-point connection can use RFC 1483 in bridge mode or ENET
ENCAP in router mode.
" In a point-to-point connection, the ZyXEL Devices should use the same VPI,
VCI, multiplexing, and encapsulation method.
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Chapter 4 Point-to-(2)point Configuration
To establish a point-to-point connection, one of the ZyXEL Devices becomes the server
(instead of the ISP). The server controls some of the attributes of the DSL connection, such as
the transfer rate and the DSL operational mode. Otherwise, there is no difference between the
server and the client. Either one can initiate the point-to-point connection.
You can only establish point-to-point connections between ZyXEL Devices that support this
kind of server/client mode.
4.2 Point-to-point Connection Procedure
Follow these directions to set up a point-to-point connection.
1 Set up the Server.
2 Set up the Client.
3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices.
4.2.1 Set up the Server
1 Log in to the ZyXEL Device that will be the server. (See Chapter 2 on page 43.)
2 Click Network > WAN > Internet Connection.
3 Configure the VPI, VCI, Multiplexing, and Encapsulation fields for the point-to-point
connection. In the Encapsulation field, select either RFC 1483 or ENET ENCAP.
4 Scroll down to the Service Type section. The following screen appears.
Figure 22 WAN > Internet Connection > Service Type
5 In the Service Mode field, indicate whether the phone line is a 2-wire connection or a 4-
wire connection.
6 In the Service Type field, select Server. The rest of the fields are enabled.
7 Configure the rest of the fields, if necessary. For example, you might want to set the
Trans fer Ma x Rate to the maximum value.
8 Click Apply.
4.2.2 Set up the Client
64
1 Log in to the ZyXEL Device that will be the client. (See Chapter 2 on page 43.)
2 Click Network > WAN > Internet Connection.
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Chapter 4 Point-to-(2)point Configuration
3 Set the VPI, VCI, Multiplexing, and Encapsulation to the same values you set in the
server.
4 Scroll down to the Service Type section. See Figure 22 on page 64 above.
5 In the Service Mode field, select the same type of connection you selected for the server.
6 In the Service Type field, select Client. The rest of the fields will be negotiated with the
server.
7 Click Apply.
4.2.3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices
Connect the DSL ports on the ZyXEL Devices together, and wait while the ZyXEL Devices
automatically establish the connection. When the connection is established, the DSL1, DSL2,
and INTERNET lights are on. It takes up to half a minute to establish the connection. If the
ZyXEL Devices do not establish the connection, verify that the settings (except the Service
Type) match.
4.3 Point-to-2points Connection Overview
You can set up a point-to-2points connection between a server ZyXEL Device and two client
ZyXEL Devices. This configuration offers a secure and cost-effective way to create a private
IP network. An example is shown below.
Figure 23 Example: Point-to-2points Connection
B
A
C
In a point-to-2points connection, the DSL port on the server ZyXEL Device (A) uses a Ycable to create two DSL connections. The connections can use RFC 1483 in bridge mode or
ENET ENCAP in router mode. You can set up one set of transfer rate settings and modes
between the server ZyXEL Device A and the client ZyXEL Device B. You can set up a
different set of settings between the server ZyXEL Device A and the client ZyXEL Device C.
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Chapter 4 Point-to-(2)point Configuration
In a point-to-2points connection, the ZyXEL Device which has a physical connection to both
client devices becomes the server. The server controls some of the attributes of the DSL
connection, such as the transfer rate and the DSL operational mode.
4.4 Point-to-2point Connection Procedure
Follow these directions to set up a point-to-2point connection.
1 Set up the Server.
2 Set up the Clients.
3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices.
4.4.1 Set up the Server
1 Log in to the ZyXEL Device that will be the server. (See Chapter 2 on page 43.)
2 Click Network > WAN > Internet Connection.
3 Configure the VPI, VCI, Multiplexing, and Encapsulation fields for the point-to-
2point connection. In the Encapsulation field, select either RFC 1483 or ENET
ENCAP. Select which line is the default remote node (1 or 2).
4 Scroll down to the Service Type section. The following screen appears.
Figure 24 WAN > Internet Connection > Service Type
5 In the Service Mode field, select 2wire-2line mode.
6 The Service Type field automatically selects Server.
7 Configure the rest of the fields, if necessary. For example, you might want to set the
Trans fer Ma x Rate to the maximum value for Line1 but set it to a smaller value for
Line2 (in case the client ZyXEL Device does not support maximum transfer rate).
8 Click Apply.
9 Browse to Network > WAN > More Connections and configure the settings for your
second remote node.
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4.4.2 Set up the Clients
1 Log in to one of the ZyXEL Devices that will be the client. (See Chapter 2 on page 43.)
2 Click Network > WAN > Internet Connection.
3 Set the VPI, VCI, Multiplexing, and Encapsulation to the same values you set in the
server.
4 Scroll down to the Service Type section. A screen similar to the following appears.
5 In the Service Mode field, select 2 wire mode.
6 In the Service Type field, select Client. The rest of the fields will be negotiated with the
server.
7 Click Apply.
8 Repeat steps 1 to 7 for the second client device.
Chapter 4 Point-to-(2)point Configuration
4.4.3 Connect the ZyXEL Devices
Connect the DSL ports on the ZyXEL Devices together, and wait while the ZyXEL Devices
automatically establish the connection. Make sure that the Y-cable is connected to the proper
DSL outlets. The Y-cable connector marked DSL1 must be connected to the outgoing DSL 1
telephone jack and the Y-cable connector marked DSL2 must be connected to the outgoing
DSL 2 telephone jack.
When the connection is established, the DSL1, DSL2, and INTERNET lights turn on. It takes
up to half a minute to establish the connection. If the ZyXEL Devices do not establish the
connection, verify that the settings are correct.
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Chapter 4 Point-to-(2)point Configuration
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PART II
Network Setup
WA N S e t u p (7 1 )
LAN Setup (93)
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens (103)
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70
CHAPTER 5
WAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.
5.1 WAN Overview
A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.
5.1.1 Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.
5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.
5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
5.1.1.3 PPPoA
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.
5.1.1.4 RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.
5.1.2 Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
5.1.3 VPI and VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.
5.1.4 IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.
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5.1.4.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.
5.1.4.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.
5.1.4.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server
assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.
5.1.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)
A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern
5.1.6 NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a
different IP address known within another network.
5.2 Metric
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:
• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.4 on page 75)
• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.6 on page 85)
• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 86)
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.
If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).
IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.
5.3 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Figure 25 Example of Traffic Shaping
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5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.
5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class is used with bursty connections.
5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
5.4 Internet Connection
To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN remote node settings, click Network > WAN >
Internet Connection. The screen differs by the encapsulation.
See Section 5.1 on page 71 for more information.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Figure 26 WAN > Internet Connection
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 WAN > Internet Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, for example “MyISP”. This
information is for descriptive purposes only.
Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET
ENCAP or PPPoE.
If you set up a point-to-point or a point-to-2points connection, select either ENET
ENCAP or RFC 1483.
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE only) Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If
assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain identifies a service
name, then enter both components exactly as given.
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Table 15 WAN > Internet Connection (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE only) Enter the password associated with the user name
above.
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Choices are VC or LLC.
Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
Line Select the DSL line you want the ZyXEL Device to use as a default for outgoing
IP Address These fields only appear if the Mode is Routing.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP Address (PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you do not have a
IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet Mask (ENET ENCAP only) This field is enabled if you select Static IP Address. Enter
Gateway IP
Address
Connection This section only appears if the Encapsulation is PPPoE and PPPoA.
Nailed-Up
Connection
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
Service Type
Service Mode
Service Type
circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
traffic (remote node 1).
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet. ‘
(PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you have a dynamic IP
address.
dynamic IP address.
the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
(ENET ENCAP only) This field is enabled if you select Static IP Address. Enter
the gateway IP address provided by your ISP. You must enter a valid IP address
for Internet access. If you enter 0.0.0.0, the Internet connection does not work.
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
Select 2-wire, 4-wire or 2wire-2line mode for the DSL connection. This is
depends on the network configuration you want to set up and the phone lines
you use. Service mode affects the maximum speed of the connection. In 2-wire
mode, the maximum data rate is up to 5.69 Mbps, while in 4-wire mode, the
maximum data rate is up to 11.38 Mbps. In 2wire-2line mode the maximum
data rate is 5.69 Mbps for each line. See Section 5.4.1 on page 78 for more
information on configuring 2wire-2line mode.
Indicate whether the ZyXEL Device is the server or the client in the DSL
connection. Select Server if this ZyXEL Device is the server in a point-to-point
application. (See Chapter 4 on page 63.) Otherwise, select Client. This field is
not configurable if you select 2wire-2line mode because the ZyXEL Device is
automatically set to Server.
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Table 15 WAN > Internet Connection (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Rate
Adaption
Transfer Max Rate
(Kbps)
Transfer Min Rate
(Kbps)
Standard Mode This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Select the operational mode the
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced WAN Setup screen and edit more
This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Indicate whether or not the
ZyXEL Device can adjust the speed of its connection to that of the other device.
This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Set the maximum rate at which
the ZyXEL Device sends and receives information. The actual transfer rate will
be between this value and the minimum transfer rate you configure.
Note: When you select 4-wire in the Service Mode field, then the
transfer rate you set here is doubled. For example, select
5696 Kbps to configure a maximum transfer rate of 11392
Kbps.
This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Set the minimum rate at which
the ZyXEL Device sends and receives information. The actual transfer rate will
be between this value and the maximum transfer rate you configure.
Note: When you select 4-wire in the Service Mode field, then the
transfer rate you set here is doubled. For example, select
192 Kbps to configure a minimum transfer rate of 384
Kbps.
ZyXEL Device uses in the DSL connection. Annex A refers to connections over
POTS and Annex B refers to connections over ISDN lines.
details of your WAN setup.
5.4.1 2Wire-2Line Service Mode
The Service Mode section of the Internet Connection screen allows you to set up two DSL
connections when you select 2wire-2line mode. This allows you to create a point-to-2points
configuration. See
Figure 27 2wire-2line Service Mode
Section 5.4.1 on page 78 for more background information about this mode.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 2wire-2line Service Mode
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Service Type
Service Mode
Service Type
Line1 / Line 2 You can configure different connection rate settings for Line 1 and Line 2 DSL
Enable Rate
Adaption
Transfer Max Rate
(Kbps)
Transfer Min Rate
(Kbps)
Standard Mode
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced WAN Setup screen and edit more
Select 2wire-2line mode for the DSL connection. This means that the ZyXEL
Device is going to be a server connected to two client ZyXEL Devices.
When you select 2wire-2line mode this field automatically changes to Server.
connections.
Indicate whether or not the ZyXEL Device can adjust the speed of its connection
to that of the other device.
This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Set the maximum rate at which
the ZyXEL Device sends and receives information. The actual transfer rate will
be between this value and the minimum transfer rate you configure.
This field is enabled if Service Type is Server. Set the minimum rate at which
the ZyXEL Device sends and receives information. The actual transfer rate will
be between this value and the maximum transfer rate you configure.
Select the operational mode the ZyXEL Device uses in the DSL connection.
Annex A refers to connections over POTS and Annex B refers to connections
over ISDN lines.
details of your WAN setup.
5.4.2 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced settings for more connections. Click
the Advanced Setup button in the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 28 WAN > Internet Connection > Advanced Setup
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 WAN > Internet Connection > Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to
RIP Version This field is enabled if RIP Direction is not None. The RIP Version field controls
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
ATM Q oS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Constant Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
Maximum Burst
Size
PPPoE
Passthrough
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit. Type the maximum size of each data packet, in
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field controls
the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select the RIP direction from Both/In
Only/Out Only/None. When set to Both or Out Only, the ZyXEL Device will
broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In Only, it will
incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to None, it will not send
any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the
routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet
broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on
non-router machines since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address
and so will not receive the RIP packets. However, if one router uses multicasting,
then all routers on your network must use multicasting, also.
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR (Variable Bit Rate) for bursty traffic and
bandwidth sharing with other applications.
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
This field is only effective for PPPoE connections.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE
Passthrough to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for applications where NAT is not
appropriate.
Disable PPPoE passthrough if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
bytes, that can move through this interface. If a larger packet arrives, the ZyXEL
Device divides it into smaller fragments. Allowed values are 512 - 1500. Usually,
this value is 1500.
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5.5 Configuring More Connections
This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.
Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.
Figure 29 WAN > More Connections
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 WAN > More Connections
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of a connection.
Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable
the connection. Select the check box to enable it.
Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.
VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.
Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.
Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the
first connection.
5.5.1 More Connections Edit
Use this screen to configure a connection. Click the edit icon in the More Connections screen.
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Figure 30 WAN > More Connections > Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 WAN > More Connections > Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this
Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this
Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
connection.
connection.
computers to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not
route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.
box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.
If you set up a point-to-point connection, select either ENET ENCAP or RFC
1483.
ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
user name above.
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Table 19 WAN > More Connections > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,
VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.
For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
Line Select the DSL connection you want the ZyXEL Device to use for outgoing
IP Address These fields only appear if the Mode is Routing.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP Address (PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you do not have a
IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
Gateway IP
Address
Connection This section only appears if the Encapsulation is PPPoE and PPPoA.
Nailed-Up
Connection
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
NAT SUA Only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
traffic.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet. ‘
(PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you have a dynamic IP
address.
dynamic IP address.
Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP.
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.
Otherwise, select None to disable NAT.
more details of your WAN setup.
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5.5.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings. Click the Advanced
Setup button in the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 31 WAN > More Connections > Advanced Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 WAN > More Connections > Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to
exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field controls
the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select the RIP direction from Both/In
Only/Out Only/None. When set to Both or Out Only, the ZyXEL Device will
broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In Only, it will
incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to None, it will not send
any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
RIP Version This field is enabled if RIP Direction is not None. The RIP Version field controls
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
ATM Q oS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Constant Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or
the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the
routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet
broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on
non-router machines since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address
and so will not receive the RIP packets. However, if one router uses multicasting,
then all routers on your network must use multicasting, also.
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR (Variable Bit Rate) for bursty traffic and
bandwidth sharing with other applications.
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Table 20 WAN > More Connections > Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst
Size
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit. Type the maximum size of each data packet, in
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
bytes, that can move through this interface. If a larger packet arrives, the ZyXEL
Device divides it into smaller fragments. Allowed values are 512 - 1500. Usually,
this value is 1500.
5.6 Traffic Redirect
Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.
Figure 32 Traffic Redirect Example
The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).
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Figure 33 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup
5.7 Dial Backup Interface
The Dial Backup port can be used in reserve, as a traditional dial-up connection should the
broadband connection to the WAN port fail. To set up the auxiliary port (Dial Backup) for use
in the event that the regular WAN connection is dropped, first make sure you have set up the
switch and port connection. See the Quick Start Guide for more information.
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup Setup
Use this screen to forward traffic to a backup gateway or to use the dial-backup port when the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the Internet. To open this screen, click WA N > WAN
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.
" WAN Backup is disabled when the ZyXEL Device is in 2wire-2line Service
Mode.
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Figure 34 WAN > WAN Backup Setup
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 WAN > WAN Backup Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.
Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM
is up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.
Check WAN IP
Address 1-3
Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).
Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you must
configure at least one IP address here.
When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.
Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device pings the IP
addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).
Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN
backup connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher
priority connection.
Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.
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Table 21 WAN > WAN Backup Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a
Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device
Active Traffic
Redirect
Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.
Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The
Dial Backup
Active Dial
Backup
ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.
cannot connect to the Internet.
Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.
Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least one
Check WAN IP Address.
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
ZyXEL Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL
Device's Internet connection terminates.
Select this to have the ZyXEL Device use a dial-backup connection if the normal
WAN connection goes down.
Note: If you activate dial backup, you must configure at least one
Check WAN IP Address.
Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
Port Speed Use the drop-down list box to select the speed of the connection between the DSL
User Name Type the login name assigned by your ISP.
Password Type the password assigned by your ISP.
Primary Phone
Number
Advanced Setup Click this to configure advanced settings for the dial-backup connection.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
port and the external device.
Type the first (primary) phone number from the ISP for this remote node. If the
Primary Phone number is busy or does not answer, your ZyWALL dials the
Secondary Phone number, if available. (See Advanced Setup.) Some areas
require dialing the pound sign # before the phone number for local calls. Include a #
symbol at the beginning of the phone numbers as required.
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5.8.1 Advanced Backup Setup
Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s advanced dial backup settings. Click WA N >
WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 35 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Basic
Authentication
Type
Secondary
Phone Number
Dial Backup Port
Speed
AT Command
Initial String
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Use the drop-down list box to select an authentication protocol for outgoing calls.
Options are:
CHAP/PAP - Your ZyXEL Device accepts either CHAP or PAP when requested by
this remote node.
CHAP - Your ZyXEL Device accepts CHAP only.
PAP - Your ZyXEL Device accepts PAP only.
Type the backup phone number from the ISP. If the Primary Phone number is busy
or does not answer, your ZyWALL dials the Secondary Phone number, if available.
Some areas require dialing the pound sign # before the phone number for local
calls. Include a # symbol at the beginning of the phone numbers as required.
Select the speed of the connection between the Dial Backup port and the external
device. Available speeds are 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 or 230400 bps.
Enter the AT command string to initialize the WAN device. Consult the manual of
your WAN device connected to your Dial Backup port for specific AT commands.
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Table 22 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Advanced
Modem Setup
TCP/IP Options
Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.
Enable SUA Select this if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT, or clear it to
Enable RIP Select this if you want to enable RIP in the dial-backup connection. RIP (Routing
RIP Version The RIP Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP
RIP Direction The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select
Enable Multicast Select this if you want to enable IGMP in the dial-backup connection. IGMP
Multicast The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2.
PPP Options
Encapsulation Select CISCO PPP from the drop-down list box if your dial backup WAN device
Compression Select this to turn on stac compression.
Connection
Nailed-Up
Connection
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect on
Budget
Allocated Budget
Click Edit to change the advanced settings for the modem.
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
disable NAT.
Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to exchange
routing information with other routers. Clear this if you want the ZyXEL Deviceto not
send any RIP packets and to ignore any RIP packets received.
packets that the ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving).
RIP-1 is universally supported but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is
probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual network
topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the
difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses
multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on non-router machines since they
generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address and so will not receive the RIP
packets. However, if one router uses multicasting, then all routers on your network
must use multicasting, also.
the RIP direction from Both/In Only/Out Only. When set to Both or Out Only, the
ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In
Only, it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives.
(Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a multicast group.
uses Cisco PPP encapsulation, otherwise select Standard PPP.
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time. The
ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
Enter the maximum amount of time (in minutes) each call can last. Enter 0 if there
is no limit. With Period, you can set a limit on the total outgoing call time of the
ZyXEL Device within a certain period of time. When the total outgoing call time
exceeds the limit, the current call will be dropped and any future outgoing calls will
be blocked.
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Table 22 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Period Enter how often (in hours) the Allocated Budget is reset. For example, if you can
call for thirty minutes every hour, set the Allocated Budget to 30, and set this field
to 1.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
5.8.2 Advanced Modem Settings for Dial Backup
Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s modem settings for dial backup. Click WA N
> WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 36 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
AT Command
Strings
Dial
Drop
Answer
Drop DTR When
Hang Up
AT Response
Strings
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Enter the AT Command string to make a call.
Enter the AT Command string to drop a call. “~” represents a one second wait, for
example “~~~+++~~ath” can be used if your modem has a slow response time.
Enter the AT Command string to answer a call.
Select this if you want the DTR (Data Terminal Ready) signal to be dropped after
the Drop string is sent out.
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Table 23 WAN > WAN Backup Setup > Advanced Setup > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
CLID Enter the keyword that precedes the CLID (Calling Line Identification) in the AT
Called ID Enter the keyword preceding the dialed number.
Speed Enter the keyword preceding the connection speed.
Call Control
Dial Timeout
Retry Count
Retry Interval
Drop Timeout
Call Back Delay
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
response string. This lets the ZyXEL Device capture the CLID in the AT response
string that comes from the WAN device. CLID is required for CLID authentication.
Enter a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to keep trying to set up an
outgoing call before timing out (stopping). The ZyXEL Device times out and stops if
it cannot set up an outgoing call within the timeout value.
Enter a number of times for the ZyXEL Device to retry a busy or no-answer phone
number before blacklisting the number.
Enter a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to wait before trying another call
after a call has failed. This applies before a phone number is blacklisted.
Enter a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to wait before dropping the DTR
signal if it does not receive a positive disconnect confirmation.
Enter a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to wait between dropping a
callback request call and dialing the corresponding callback call.
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CHAPTER 6
LAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
6.1 LAN Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.
See Section 6.3 on page 97 to configure the LAN screens.
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device
The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.
Figure 37 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
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6.1.2 DHCP Setup
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL
Device as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup
The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP
Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from
the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.
6.1.3 DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the ZyXEL Device, the ZyXEL
Device forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the computer.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the ZyXEL Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the ZyXEL Device’s
intervention.
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment
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Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.
P-793H User’s Guide
• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet,
when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS
Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen.
• The ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy when the Primary and Secondary DNS Server
fields are left as 0.0.0.0 in the DHCP Setup screen.
6.2 LAN TCP/IP
The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS
servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.
The LAN parameters of the ZyXEL Device are preset in the factory with the following values:
• IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
• DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit
DNS server address(es), read the embedded web configurator help regarding what fields need
to be configured.
Chapter 6 LAN Setup
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a
LAN share one common network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or
your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their
instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single
user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is
established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature of the ZyXEL Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this
block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you
are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254
individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an
individual computer on that network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember,
for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your
network is using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device
will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You
don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are
instructed to do otherwise.
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Chapter 6 LAN Setup
6.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP
addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private
networks:
• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a
private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an
ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other
hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network
administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.
" Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
6.2.2 RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with
other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets.
When set to:
• Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the
RIP information that it receives.
• In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets
received.
• Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP
packets received.
• None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets
received.
The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally
supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that
RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.
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6.2.3 Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to
a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC
2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If
you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP
version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is
used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address
224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address
224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in
the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these
interfaces.
Chapter 6 LAN Setup
6.3 Configuring LAN IP
Use this screen to set the LAN IP address of your ZyXEL Device. Click LAN > IP. See
Section 6.1 on page 93 for background information.
Figure 38 LAN > IP
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 24 LAN > IP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation, for
IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask for your network. See Section 6.2.1 on page 95 for more
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced LAN Setup screen and edit more
example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
information.
details of your LAN setup.
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Chapter 6 LAN Setup
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced LAN settings. Click the Advanced
Setup button in the LAN IP screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 39 LAN > IP > Advanced Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 LAN > IP > Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to
exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field controls
the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select the RIP direction from Both/In
Only/Out Only/None. When set to Both or Out Only, the ZyXEL Device will
broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In Only, it will
incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to None, it will not send
any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
RIP Version This field is enabled if RIP Direction is not None. The RIP Version field controls
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
Windows
Networking
(NetBIOS over
TCP/IP)
Allow between
LAN and WAN
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the
routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet
broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on
non-router machines since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address
and so will not receive the RIP packets. However, if one router uses multicasting,
then all routers on your network must use multicasting, also.
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP packets that
enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-up
services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls.
However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass
through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.
Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and
from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to
block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall
rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.
Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN
and from the WAN to the LAN.
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Table 25 LAN > IP > Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.4 DHCP Setup
Use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the ZyXEL Device sends to the
DHCP client devices on the LAN.
Figure 40 LAN > DHCP Setup
Chapter 6 LAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 LAN > DHCP Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DHCP Setup
DHCP Select what type of DHCP services the ZyXEL Device provides to the network.
Choices are:
None - the ZyXEL Device does not provide any DHCP services. There is
already a DHCP server on the network.
Relay - the ZyXEL Device routes DHCP requests to the DHCP server. There
may be a DHCP server on another network.
Server - the ZyXEL Device assigns IP addresses and provides subnet mask,
gateway, and DNS server information to the network. The ZyXEL Device is the
DHCP server for the network.
IP Pool Starting
Address
Pool Size This field is enabled if the ZyXEL Device is a Server. Enter the size of, or the
Remote DHCP
Server
DNS Server
DNS Servers
Assigned by DHCP
Server
This field is enabled if the ZyXEL Device is a Server. Enter the first of the
contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
number of addresses in, the IP address pool.
This field is enabled if the ZyXEL Device is a Relay. Enter the IP address of the
DHCP server to which the ZyXEL Device should route requests.
The ZyXEL Device passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address to
the DHCP clients.
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Table 26 LAN > DHCP Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Primary DNS Server
Secondary DNS
Server
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.5 LAN Client List
This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers
based on their MAC Addresses.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address
is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
This field is not available when you set DHCP to Relay.
Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the
DHCP clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.
If the fields are left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy and
forwards the DHCP client’s DNS query to the real DNS server learned through
IPCP and relays the response back to the computer.
Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s static DHCP settings. Click Network > LAN
> Client List. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 41 LAN > Client List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 LAN > Client List
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the IP address that you want to assign to the computer on your LAN with
MAC Address Enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN.
Add Click Add to add a static DHCP entry.
# This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).
Status This field displays whether the client is connected to the ZyXEL Device.
Host Name This field displays the computer host name.
IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
the MAC address specified below.
The IP address should be within the range of IP addresses you specified in the
DHCP Setup for the DHCP client.
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