IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Screenshots and graphics in this book may differ slightly from your product due to differences in
your product firmware or your computer operating system. Every effort has been made to ensure
that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the VMG and get up and running right away.
Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................................175
Vlan Group ............................................................................................................................................179
Interface Group ..................................................................................................................................... 181
USB Service ..........................................................................................................................................187
MAC Filter .............................................................................................................................................201
Parental Control .................................................................................................................................... 203
Traffic Status ........................................................................................................................................221
Multicast Status ....................................................................................................................................229
System ..................................................................................................................................................237
User Account .........................................................................................................................................238
Time Settings ........................................................................................................................................251
16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................193
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Table of Contents
16.1.2 What You Need to Know ......................................................................................................194
16.2 The Firewall Screen ......................................................................................................................194
16.3 The Protocol Screen ....................................................................................................................195
16.3.1 Add/Edit a Service ..............................................................................................................196
16.4 The Access Control Screen ..........................................................................................................197
16.4.1 Add/Edit an ACL Rule ........................................................................................................198
16.5 The DoS Screen ............................................................................................................................199
Chapter 17
MAC Filter..........................................................................................................................................201
Part III: Appendices.......................................................................................279
Appendix A Customer Support ........................................................................................................ 281
Appendix B Wireless LANs..............................................................................................................287
Appendix C IPv6 ..............................................................................................................................301
Appendix D Services .......................................................................................................................309
Appendix E Legal Information..........................................................................................................314
Index ..................................................................................................................................................321
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Table of Contents
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PART I
User’s Guide
15
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1.1 Overview
The VMG is a wireless VDSL router and Gigabit Ethernet gateway. It has a DSL port and a Gigabit
Ethernet port for super-fast Internet access. The VMG supports both Packet Transfer Mode (PTM)
and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). It is backward compatible with ADSL, ADSL2 and ADSL2+
in case VDSL is not available.
Only use firmware for your VMG’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the bottom of your VMG.
The VMG works over the analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). The VMG
has two USB ports for sharing files via a USB storage device or connecting a 3G dongle for a WAN
backup connection.
CHAPTER 1
Introducing the VMG
1.2 Ways to Manage the VMG
Use any of the following methods to manage the VMG.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the VMG using a
(supported) web browser.
• TR-069. This is an auto-configuration server used to remotely configure your device.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the VMG
Do the following things regularly to make the VMG more secure and to manage the VMG more
effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password, you will have to reset the VMG to its factory default settings. If you backed
up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the VMG. You could
simply restore your last configuration.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
ADSL / VDSL
WLAN
PPPoE
IPoE
Bridging
WAN
ADSL
IPoA
WAN
LAN
LAN
WLAN
A
A
PPPoA
IPoE
PPPoE
Bridging
1.4 Applications for the VMG
Here are some example uses for which the VMG is well suited.
1.4.1 Internet Access
Your VMG provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or MODEM jack
on a splitter or your telephone jack. You can have multiple WAN services over one ADSL or VDSL.
The VMG cannot work in ADSL and VDSL mode at the same time.
Note: The ADSL and VDSL lines share the same WAN (layer-2) interfaces that you
configure in the VMG. Refer to Section 6.2 on page 65 for the Network Setting > Broadband screen.
Computers can connect to the VMG’s LAN ports (or wirelessly).
Figure 1 VMG’s Internet Access Application
You can also configure IP filtering on the VMG for secure Internet access. When the IP filter is on, all
incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked by default unless it is initiated from
your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you
can safely browse the Internet and download files.
1.4.2 VMG’s USB Support
The USB port of the VMG is used for file-sharing and media server.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
B
A
B
A
File Sharing
Use the built-in USB 2.0 port to share files on a USB memory stick or a USB hard drive (B). You can
connect one USB hard drive to the VMG at a time. Use FTP to access the files on the USB device.
Figure 2 USB File Sharing Application
Media Server
You can also use the VMG as a media server. This lets anyone on your network play video, music,
and photos from a USB device (B) connected to the VMG’s USB port (without having to copy them
to another computer).
Figure 3 USB Media Server Application
1.5 LEDs (Lights)
The following graphic displays the labels of the LEDs.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
Figure 4 LEDs on the VMG
None of the LEDs are on if the VMG is not receiving power.
Table 1 LED Descriptions
LEDCOLORSTATUSDESCRIPTION
GreenOnThe VMG is receiving power and ready for use.
Power
DSL
Internet
Ethernet
WAN
LAN1~4
2.4G WLAN/
WPS
5G WLAN/
WPS
RedOnThe VMG detected an error while self-testing, or there is a device
GreenOnThe VDSL line is up.
OrangeOnThe ADSL line is up.
GreenOnThe VMG has an IP connection but no traffic.
RedOnThe VMG attempted to make an IP connection but failed. Possible
GreenOnThe VMG has a successful 1000 Mbps Ethernet connection on the WAN.
OrangeOnThe VMG has a successful 10/100 Mbps Ethernet connection on the
GreenOnThe VMG has a successful 1000 Mbps Ethernet connection with a device
GreenOnThe 2.4 GHz wireless network is activated.
OrangeBlinkingThe VMG is setting up a WPS connection with a 2.4 GHz wireless client.
GreenOnThe 5 GHz wireless network is activated.
OrangeBlinkingThe VMG is setting up a WPS connection with a 5 GHz wireless client.
BlinkingThe VMG is self-testing.
malfunction.
OffThe VMG is not receiving power.
BlinkingThe VMG is initializing the VDSL line.
BlinkingThe VMG is initializing the ADSL line.
OffThe DSL line is down.
Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by a DHCP
server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if used) and the
DSL connection is up.
BlinkingThe VMG is sending or receiving IP traffic.
OffThere is no Internet connection or the gateway is in bridged mode.
causes are no response from a DHCP server, no PPPoE response, PPPoE
authentication failed.
Blinking The VMG is sending or receiving data to/from the WAN at 1000 Mbps.
WAN.
BlinkingThe VMG is sending or receiving data to/from the WAN at 10/100 Mbps.
OffThere is no Ethernet connection on the WAN.
on the Local Area Network (LAN).
Blinking The VMG is sending or receiving data to/from the LAN at 1000 Mbps.
OffThe VMG does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN.
BlinkingThe VMG is communicating with 2.4 GHz wireless clients.
OffThe 2.4 GHz wireless network is not activated.
BlinkingThe VMG is communicating with 5 GHz wireless clients.
OffThe 5 GHz wireless network is not activated.
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Table 1 LED Descriptions (continued)
LEDCOLORSTATUSDESCRIPTION
GreenOnThe VMG recognizes a USB connection through the USB1 slot.
USB1
GreenOnThe VMG recognizes a USB connection through the USB2 slot.
USB2
BlinkingThe VMG is sending/receiving data to /from the USB device connected
OffThe VMG does not detect a USB connection through the USB1 slot.
BlinkingThe VMG is sending/receiving data to /from the USB device connected
OffThe VMG does not detect a USB connection through the USB2 slot.
1.6 The RESET Button
If you forget your password or cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need to use the RESET
button at the back of the device to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you
will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to “1234”.
Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
to it.
to it.
1Make sure the PWR/SYS LED is on (not blinking).
2To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for ten seconds or
until the PWR/SYS LED begins to blink and then release it. When the PWR/SYS LED begins to
blink, the defaults have been restored and the device restarts.
1.7 Wireless Access
The VMG is a wireless Access Point (AP) for wireless clients, such as notebook computers or PDAs
and iPads. It allows them to connect to the Internet without having to rely on inconvenient Ethernet
cables.
You can configure your wireless network in either the built-in Web Configurator, or using the WPS
button.
Figure 5 Wireless Access Example
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
1.7.1 Using the Wi-Fi and WPS Buttons
If the wireless network is turned off, press the Wi-Fi On/Off button for one second. Once the 2.4G
WLAN/WPS or 5G WLAN/WPS LED turns green, the wireless network is active.
You can also use the WPS On/Off button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between
the VMG and a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.
To activate WPS:
1Make sure the PWR/SYS LED is on and not blinking.
2Press the WPS On/Off button for two seconds and release it.
3Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the VMG. The 2.4G WLA N/
WPS or 5G WLAN/WPS LED flashes orange while the VMG sets up a WPS connection with the
other wireless device.
4Once the connection is successfully made, the 2.4G WLAN/WPS or 5G WLAN/WPS LED shines
green.
To turn off the wireless network, press the Wi-Fi On/Off button for one to five seconds. The 2.4G WLAN/WPS or 5G WLAN/WPS LED turns off when the wireless network is off.
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2.1 Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy VMG setup and
management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 8.0 and later versions or Mozilla Firefox 3
and later versions or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by
768 pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
CHAPTER 2
The Web Configurator
• Web browser pop-up windows from your
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
1Make sure your VMG hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
2Launch your web browser. If the VMG does not automatically re-direct you to the login screen, go to
http://192.168.1.1.
3A password screen displays. To access the administrative web configurator and manage the VMG,
type the default username admin and password 1234 in the password screen and click Login. If
advanced account security is enabled (see Section 29.2 on page 238) the number of dots that
appears when you type the password changes randomly to prevent anyone watching the password
field from knowing the length of your password. If you have changed the password, enter your
password and click Login.
Figure 6 Password Screen
VMG. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
4The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. Enter a new password,
retype it to confirm and click Apply.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Figure 7 Change Password Screen
5configure basic Internet access, and wireless settings. The Network Map page appears.
Figure 8 Network Map
6Click Status to display the Status screen, where you can view the VMG’s interface and system
information.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
C
A
B
2.2 Web Configurator Layout
Figure 9 Screen Layout
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
• A - title bar
• B - main window
• C - navigation panel
2.2.1 Title Bar
The title bar provides some icons in the upper right corner.
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The icons provide the following functions.
Table 2 Web Configurator Icons in the Title Bar
ICON DESCRIPTION
2.2.2 Main Window
The main window displays information and configuration fields. It is discussed in the rest of this
document.
After you click Status on the Connection Status page, the Status screen is displayed. See
Chapter 5 on page 58 for more information about the Status screen.
If you click Virtual Device on the System Info screen, a visual graphic appears, showing the
connection status of the VMG’s ports. The connected ports are in color and disconnected ports are
gray.
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Language: Select the language you prefer.
Quick Start: Click this icon to open screens where you can configure the VMG’s time zone
Internet access, and wireless settings.
Logout: Click this icon to log out of the web configurator.
Figure 10 Virtual Device
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2.2.3 Navigation Panel
Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure VMG features. The
following tables describe each menu item.
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary
LINKTABFUNCTION
Connection StatusThis screen shows the network status of the VMG and computers/
Network Setting
BroadbandBroadbandUse this screen to view and configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
3G BackupUse this screen to configure 3G WAN connection.
AdvancedUse this screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex
802.1xUse this screen to view and configure the IEEE 802.1x settings on the
WirelessGeneralUse this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN
WPSUse this screen to configure and view your WPS (Wi-Fi Protected
WMMUse this screen to enable or disable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM).
WDSUse this screen to set up Wireless Distribution System (WDS) links to
OthersUse this screen to configure advanced wireless settings.
Channel StatusUse this screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the
Home
Networking
RoutingStatic RouteUse this screen to view and set up static routes on the VMG.
QoSGeneralUse this screen to enable QoS and traffic prioritizing. You can also
LAN SetupUse this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced
Static DHCP Use this screen to assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC
UPnPUse this screen to turn UPnP and UPnP NAT-T on or off.
Additional
Subnet
STB Vendor IDUse this screen to configure the Vendor IDs of the connected Set Top
Wake on LanUse this screen to remotely turn on a device on the local network.
TFTP Server
Name
DNS RouteUse this screen to forward DNS queries for certain domain names
Policy Route
RIPUse this screen to configure Routing Information Protocol to
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
devices connected to it.
address assignment, and other advanced properties. You can also add
new WAN connections.
J, and DSL PhyR functions.
VMG.
authentication/security settings.
Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the VMG.
Setup) settings.
other access points.
results.
properties.
addresses.
Use this screen to configure IP alias and public static IP.
Box (STB) devices, which have the VMG automatically create static
DHCP entries for the STB devices when they request IP addresses.
Use DHCP option 66 to identify a TFTP server name.
through a specific WAN interface to its DNS server(s).
Use this screen to configure policy routing on the VMG.
exchange routing information with other routers.
configure the QoS rules and actions.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINKTABFUNCTION
Queue SetupUse this screen to configure QoS queues.
Classification
Setup
Shaper SetupUse this screen to limit outgoing traffic rate on the selected interface.
Policer SetupUse this screen to configure QoS policers.
NATPort ForwardingUse this screen to make your localservers visible to the outside
Applications
Port TriggeringUse this screen to change your VMG’s port triggering settings.
DMZUse this screen to configure a default server which receives packets
ALGUse this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.
Address Mapping Use this screen to change your VMG’s address mapping settings.
SessionsUse this screen to configure the maximum number of NAT sessions
DNSDNS EntryUse this screen to view and configure DNS routes.
Dynamic DNSUse this screen to allow a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP
Vlan GroupVlan GroupUse this screen to group and tag VLAN IDs to outgoing traffic from
Interface
Group
USB ServiceFile SharingUse this screen to enable file sharing via the VMG.
Media ServerUse this screen to use the VMG as a media server.
Security
FirewallGeneralUse this screen to configure the security level of your firewall.
ProtocolUse this screen to add Internet services and configure firewall rules.
Access ControlUse this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network
DoSUse this screen to activate protection against Denial of Service (DoS)
MAC FilterUse this screen to block or allow traffic from devices of certain MAC
Parental
Control
Scheduler
Rules
CertificatesLocal Certificates Use this screen to view a summary list of certificates and manage
Trusted CA
System Monitor
Use this screen to define a classifier.
world.
Use this screen to configure servers behind the VMG.
from ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen.
each client host is allowed to have through the VMG.
address.
the specified interface.
Use this screen to map a port to a PVC or bridge group.
services.
attacks.
addresses to the VMG.
Use this screen to block web sites with the specific URL.
Use this screen to configure the days and times when a configured
restriction (such as parental control) is enforced.
certificates and certification requests.
Use this screen to view and manage the list of the trusted CAs.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINKTABFUNCTION
LogSystem LogUse this screen to view the status of events that occurred to the VMG.
You can export or e-mail the logs.
Security LogUse this screen to view all security related events. You can select
level and category of the security events in their proper drop-down
list window.
Levels include:
•Emergency
•Alert
•Critical
•Error
•Warning
•Notice
•Informational
•Debugging
Categories include:
•Account
•Attack
•Firewall
•MAC Filter
Traffic StatusWANUse this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through
the WAN port of the VMG.
LANUse this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through
NATUse this screen to view NAT statistics for connected hosts.
ARP tableUse this screen to view the ARP table. It displays the IP and MAC
Routing TableUse this screen to view the routing table on the VMG.
Multicast
Status
xDSL StatisticsUse this screen to view the VMG’s xDSL traffic statistics.
3G StatisticsUse this screen to look at 3G Internet connection status.
Maintenance
System
User AccountUser AccountUse this screen to change user password on the VMG.
Remote MGMTUse this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network
TR-064Use this screen to enable management via TR-064 on the LAN.
TR-069 ClientUse this screen to configure the VMG to be managed by an Auto
SNMPUse this screen to configure SNMP (Simple Network Management
TimeUse this screen to change your VMG’s time and date.
Email
Notification
Log SettingUse this screen to change your VMG’s log settings.
Firmware
Upgrade
IGMP StatusUse this screen to view the status of all IGMP settings on the VMG.
MLD StatusUse this screen to view the status of all MLD settings on the VMG.
the LAN ports of the VMG.
address of each DHCP connection.
Use this screen to set Device name and Domain name.
services.
Configuration Server (ACS).
Protocol) settings.
Use this screen to configure up to two mail servers and sender
addresses on the VMG.
Use this screen to upload firmware to your VMG.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINKTABFUNCTION
Backup Restore Backup/RestoreUse this screen to backup and restore your VMG’s configuration
(settings) or reset the factory default settings.
ROM-DUse this screen to save and/or clean the configuration to/from the
ROM-D file which can store customized default settings.
RebootUse this screen to reboot the VMG without turning the power off.
DiagnosticPing&Traceroute
&Nslookup
802.1agUse this screen to configure CFM (Connectivity Fault Management)
OAM PingUse this screen to view information to help you identify problems with
Use this screen to identify problems with the DSL connection. You can
use Ping, TraceRoute, or Nslookup to help you identify problems.
MD (maintenance domain) and MA (maintenance association),
perform connectivity tests and view test reports.
the DSL connection.
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3.1 Overview
Use the Quick Start screens to configure the VMG’s time zone, basic Internet access, and wireless
settings.
Note: See the technical reference chapters (starting on Chapter 4 on page 33) for
background information on the features in this chapter.
3.2 Quick Start Setup
1The Quick Start Wizard appears automatically after login. Or you can click the QuickClick Start
icon in the top right corner of the web configurator to open the quick start screens. Select the time
zone of your location. Click Next.
Figure 11 Quick Start - Welcome
CHAPTER 3
Quick Start
2Enter your Internet connection information in this screen. The screen and fields to enter may vary
depending on your current connection type. Click Next.
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Chapter 3 Quick Start
Figure 12 Quick Start - Internet Connection
3Turn the wireless LAN on or off. If you keep it on, record the security settings so you can configure
your wireless clients to connect to the VMG. Click Save.
Figure 13 Quick Start - Wireless
4Your VMG saves your settings and attempts to connect to the Internet.
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4.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to use the VMG’s various features.
• Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection, see page 33
• Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network, see page 36
• Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups, see page 42
• Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 45
• Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup, see page 47
• Access the VMG Using DDNS, see page 51
• Configuring the MAC Address Filter, see page 52
• Access Your Shared Files From a Computer, see page 53
CHAPTER 4
Tutorials
4.2 Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection
This tutorial shows you how to set up an ADSL Internet connection using the Web Configurator.
If you connect to the Internet through an ADSL connection, use the information from your Internet
Service Provider (ISP) to configure the VMG. Be sure to contact your service provider for any
information you need to configure the Broadband screens.
1Click Network Setting > Broadband to open the following screen. Click Add New WAN
Interface.
2In this example, the DSL connection has the following information.
VPI/VCI36/48
Encapsulation ModeLLC/SNAP-Bridging
Service CategoryUBR without PCR
Account Information
PPP User Name1234@DSL-Ex.com
PPP PasswordABCDEF!
PPPoE Service NameMyDSL
Static IP Address192.168.1.32
OthersAuthentication Method: AUTO
PPPoE Passthrough: Disabled
NAT: Enabled
IGMP Multicast Proxy: Enabled
Apply as Default Gateway: Enabled
VLAN: Disabled
3Select the Active check box. Enter the General and ATM PVC Configuration settings as provided
above.
Set the Type to ADSL over ATM.
Choose the Encapsulation specified by your DSL service provider. For this example, the service
provider requires a username and password to establish Internet connection. Therefore, select
PPPoE as the WAN encapsulation type.
Set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only.
4Enter the account information provided to you by your DSL service provider.
5Configure this rule as your default Internet connection by selecting the Apply as Default Gateway
check box. Then select DNS as Static and enter the DNS server addresses provided to you, such as
192.168.5.2
(DNS server1)/192.168.5.1 (DNS server2).
6Leave the rest of the fields to the default settings.
7Click Apply to save your settings.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
8You should see a summary of your new DSL connection setup in the Broadband screen as follows.
Try to connect to a website to see if you have correctly set up your Internet connection. Be sure to
contact your service provider for any information you need to configure the WAN screens.
4.3 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network
Thomas wants to set up a wireless network so that he can use his notebook to access the Internet.
In this wireless network, the VMG serves as an access point (AP), and the notebook is the wireless
client. The wireless client can access the Internet through the AP.
Thomas has to configure the wireless network settings on the VMG. Then he can set up a wireless
network using WPS (Section 4.3.2 on page 37) or manual configuration (Section 4.3.3 on page 41).
4.3.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings
This example uses the following parameters to set up a wireless network.
1Click NetworkSetting > Wireless to open the General screen. Select More Secure as the
security level and WPA2-PSK as the security mode. Configure the screen using the provided
parameters (see page 36). Click Apply.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
2Go to the Wireless >Others screen and select 802.11b/g/nMixed in the 802.11 Mode field.
Click Apply.
Thomas can now use the WPS feature to establish a wireless connection between his notebook and
the VMG (see Section 4.3.2 on page 37). He can also use the notebook’s wireless client to search
for the VMG (see Section 4.3.3 on page 41).
4.3.2 Using WPS
This section shows you how to set up a wireless network using WPS. It uses the VMG as the AP and
ZyXEL NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to the notebook.
Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter
or PCMCIA card).
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
1
2
3
There are two WPS methods to set up the wireless client settings:
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - simply press a button. This is the easier of the two
methods.
• PIN Configuration - configure a Personal Identification Number (PIN) on the VMG. A wireless
client must also use the same PIN in order to download the wireless network settings from the
VMG.
Push Button Configuration (PBC)
1Make sure that your VMG is turned on and your notebook is within the cover range of the wireless
signal.
2Make sure that you have installed the wireless client driver and utility in your notebook.
3In the wireless client utility, go to the WPS setting page. Enable WPS and press the WPS button
(Start or WPS button).
4Push and hold the WPS button located on the VMG’s front panel for more than 5 seconds.
Alternatively, you may log into VMG’s web configurator and go to the Network Setting >
Wireless > WPS screen. Enable the WPS function for method 1 and click Apply. Then click the
Connect button.
Note: Your VMG has a WPS button located on its front panel as well as a WPS button in its
configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function: you can use one
or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button
within two minutes of pressing the first one.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Wireless Client
VMG
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Press and hold for
5 seconds
WLAN/
WPS
The VMG sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two
minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the VMG securely.
The following figure shows you an example of how to set up a wireless network and its security by
pressing a button on both VMG and wireless client.
Example WPS Process: PBC Method
PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both the VMG’s web configurator and
the wireless client’s utility.
1Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method
to get a PIN number.
2Log into VMG’s web configurator and go to the Network Setting > Wireless >WPS screen.
Enable the WPS function and click Apply.
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1
2
3
3Enter the PIN number of the wireless client and click the Register button. Activate WPS function on
the wireless client utility screen within two minutes.
The VMG authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the
wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate
with the VMG securely.
The following figure shows you how to set up a wireless network and its security on a VMG and a
wireless client by using PIN method.
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Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Wireless Client
VMG
COMMUNICATION
Chapter 4 Tutorials
4.3.3 Without WPS
Use the wireless adapter’s utility installed on the notebook to search for the “Example” SSID. Then
enter the “DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork” pre-shared key to establish an wireless Internet
connection.
Note: The VMG supports IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g wireless clients. Make sure that
your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these standards.
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Company
VIP
Guest
4.4 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups
Company A wants to create different wireless network groups for different types of users as shown
in the following figure. Each group has its own SSID and security mode.
• Employees in Company A will use a general Company wireless network group.
• Higher management level and important visitors will use the VIP group.
• Visiting guests will use the Guest group, which has a different SSID and password.
Company A will use the following parameters to set up the wireless network groups.
1Click Network Setting >Wireless to open the General screen. Use this screen to set up the
company’s general wireless network group. Configure the screen using the provided parameters
and click Apply.
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2Click Network Setting > Wireless > Guest/More AP to open the following screen. Click the
Edit icon to configure the second wireless network group.
3Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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4In the Guest/More AP screen, click the Edit icon to configure the third wireless network
group.Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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5Check the status of VIP and Guest in the Guest/More AP screen. The yellow bulbs signify that the
SSIDs are active and ready for wireless access.
4.5 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another
Network
In order to extend your Intranet and control traffic flowing directions, you may connect a router to
the VMG’s LAN. The router may be used to separate two department networks. This tutorial shows
how to configure a static routing rule for two network routings.
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N2
B
N1
A
R
N2
B
N1
A
R
In the following figure, router R is connected to the VMG’s LAN. R connects to two networks, N1
(192.168.1.x/24) and N2 (192.168.10.x/24). If you want to send traffic from computer A (in N1
network) to computer B (in N2 network), the traffic is sent to the VMG’s WAN default gateway by
default. In this case, B will never receive the traffic.
You need to specify a static routing rule on the VMG to specify R as the router in charge of
forwarding traffic to N2. In this case, the VMG routes traffic from A to R and then R routes the
traffic to B.
This tutorial uses the following example IP settings:
Table 4 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTERIP ADDRESS
The VMG’s WAN172.16.1.1
The VMG’s LAN192.168.1.1
IP TypeIPv4
Use InterfaceVDSL/ppp1.1
A192.168.1.34
To configure a static route to route traffic from N1 to N2:
1Log into the VMG’s Web Configurator in advanced mode.
2Click Network Setting > Routing.
3Click Add new Static Route in the Static Route screen.
4Configure the Static Route Setup screen using the following settings:
4aSelect the Active check box. Enter the Route Name as R.
4bSet IP Type to IPv4.
4cType 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 for the destination, N2.
4dSelect Enable in the Use Gateway IP Address field. Type 192.168.1.253 (R’s N1 address)
in the Gateway IP Address field.
4eSelect VDSL/ppp1.1 as the Use Interface.
4aClick OK.
Now B should be able to receive traffic from A. You may need to additionally configure B’s firewall
settings to allow specific traffic to pass through.
4.6 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup
This section contains tutorials on how you can configure the QoS screen.
Let’s say you are a team leader of a small sales branch office. You want to prioritize e-mail traffic
because your task includes sending urgent updates to clients at least twice every hour. You also
upload data files (such as logs and e-mail archives) to the FTP server throughout the day. Your
colleagues use the Internet for research, as well as chat applications for communicating with other
branch offices.
In the following figure, your Internet connection has an upstream transmission bandwidth of
10,000 kbps. For this example, you want to configure QoS so that e-mail traffic gets the highest
priority with at least 5,000 kbps. You can do the following:
• Configure a queue to assign the highest priority queue (1) to e-mail traffic going to the WAN
interface, so that e-mail traffic would not get delayed when there is network congestion.
• Note the IP address (192.168.1.23 for example) and/or MAC address (AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF for
example) of your computer and map it to queue 7.
Note: QoS is applied to traffic flowing out of the VMG.
Traffic that does not match this class is assigned a priority queue based on the internal QoS
mapping table on the VMG.
QoS Example
1Click Network Setting > QoS > General and select Enable. Set your WAN Managed Upstream
Bandwidth to 10,000 kbps (or leave this blank to have the VMG automatically determine this figure). Click Apply.
Tutorial: Advanced > QoS
2Click Queue Setup > Add new Queue to create a new queue. In the screen that opens, check
Active and enter or select the following values:
• Name: E-mail
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• Interface: WAN
• Priority: 1 (High)
• Weight: 8
• Rate Limit: 5,000 (kbps)
Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Queue Setup
3Click Class Setup > Add new Classifier to create a new class. Check Active and follow the
settings as shown in the screen below.
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Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Class Setup
Chapter 4 Tutorials
Class NameGive a class name to this traffic, such as E-mail in this example.
From
Interface
Ether TypeSelect IP to identify the traffic source by its IP address or MAC address.
IP AddressType the IP address of your computer - 192.168.1.23. Type the IP Subnet Mask if you
MAC AddressType the MAC address of your computer - AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF. Type the MAC Mask if you
To Queue
Index
This is the interface from which the traffic will be coming from. Select LAN1 for this
example.
know it.
know it.
Link this to an item in the Network Setting > QoS > Queue Setup screen, which is the E-
mail queue created in this example.
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w.x.y.z
a.b.c.d
http://zyxelrouter.dyndns.org
A
This maps e-mail traffic coming from port 25 to the highest priority, which you have created in the
previous screen (see the IP Protocol field). This also maps your computer’s IP address and MAC
address to the E-mail queue (see the Source fields).
4Verify that the queue setup works by checking Network Setting > QoS > Monitor. This shows
the bandwidth allotted to e-mail traffic compared to other network traffic.
4.7 Access the VMG Using DDNS
If you connect your VMG to the Internet and it uses a dynamic WAN IP address, it is inconvenient
for you to manage the device from the Internet. The VMG’s WAN IP address changes dynamically.
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) allows you to access the VMG using a domain name.
To use this feature, you have to apply for DDNS service at www.dyndns.org.
This tutorial covers:
• Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
• Configuring DDNS on Your VMG
• Testing the DDNS Setting
Note: If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use DDNS.
4.7.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
1Open a browser and type http://www.dyndns.org.
2Apply for a user account. This tutorial uses UserName1 and 12345 as the username and
password.
3Log into www.dyndns.org using your account.
4Add a new DDNS host name. This tutorial uses the following settings as an example.
•Hostname: zyxelrouter.dyndns.org
•Service Type: Host with IP address
• IP Address: Enter the WAN IP address that your VMG is currently using. You can find the IP
address on the VMG’s Web Configurator Status page.
Then you will need to configure the same account and host name on the VMG later.
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4.7.2 Configuring DDNS on Your VMG
Configure the following settings in the Network Setting>DNS > Dynamic DNS screen.
•Select Enable Dynamic DNS.
•Select www.DynDNS.com as the service provider.
•Type zyxelrouter.dyndns.org in the Host Name field.
• Enter the user name (UserName1) and password (12345).
Click Apply.
4.7.3 Testing the DDNS Setting
Now you should be able to access the VMG from the Internet. To test this:
1Open a web browser on the computer (using the IP address a.b.c.d) that is connected to the
Internet.
2Type http://zyxelrouter.dyndns.org and press [Enter].
3The VMG’s login page should appear. You can then log into the VMG and manage it.
4.8 Configuring the MAC Address Filter
Thomas noticed that his daughter Josephine spends too much time surfing the web and
downloading media files. He decided to prevent Josephine from accessing the Internet so that she
can concentrate on preparing for her final exams.
Josephine’s computer connects wirelessly to the Internet through the VMG. Thomas decides to use
the Security > MAC Filter screen to grant wireless network access to his computer but not to
Josephine’s computer.
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Thomas
Josephine
1Click Security > MAC Filter to open the MAC Filter screen. Select the Enable check box to
activate MAC filter function.
2Select Allow. Then enter the host name and MAC address of Thomas’ computer in this screen. Click
Apply.
Thomas can also grant access to the computers of other members of his family and friends.
However, Josephine and others not listed in this screen will no longer be able to access the Internet
through the VMG.
4.9 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer
Here is how to use an FTP program to access a file storage device connected to the VMG’s USB port.
Note: This example uses the FileZilla FTP program to browse your shared files.
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1In FileZilla enter the IP address of the VMG (the default is 192.168.1.1), your account’s user name
and password and port 21 and click Quickconnect. A screen asking for password authentication
appears.
File Sharing via Windows Explore r
2Once you log in the USB device displays in the mnt folder.
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PART II
Technical Reference
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Network Map and Status Screens
5.1 Overview
After you log into the Web Configurator, the Network Map screen appears. This shows the network
connection status of the VMG and clients connected to it.
You can use the Status screen to look at the current status of the VMG, system resources, and
interfaces (LAN, WAN, and WLAN).
5.2 The Network Map Screen
Use this screen to view the network connection status of the device and its clients. A warning
message appears if there is a connection problem.
CHAPTER 5
Figure 14 Network Map: Icon View Mode
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If you want to view information about a client, click the client’s name and Info. Click the IP address
if you want to change it. If you want to change the name or icon of the client, click Change name/icon.
If you prefer to view the status in a list, click List View in the Viewing mode selection box. You
can configure how often you want the VMG to update this screen in Refresh interval.
Figure 15 Network Map: List View Mode
5.3 The Status Screen
Use this screen to view the status of the VMG. Click Status to open this screen.
Figure 16 Status Screen
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Each field is described in the following table.
Table 5 Status Screen
LABELDESCRIPTION
Refresh IntervalSelect how often you want the VMG to update this screen.
Device Information
Host NameThis field displays the VMG system name. It is used for identification.
Model NumberThis shows the model number of your VMG.
Firmware
Version
WAN Information (These fields display when you have a WAN connection.)
EncapsulationThis field displays the current encapsulation method.
IP AddressThis field displays the current IP address of the VMG in the WAN. Click Release to
IP Subnet MaskThis field displays the current subnet mask in the WAN.
MAC AddressThis shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your VMG.
DHCPThis field displays whether the WAN interface is using a DHCP IP address or a static IP
LAN Information
IP AddressThis is the current IP address of the VMG in the LAN.
IP Subnet MaskThis is the current subnet mask in the LAN.
DHCPThis field displays what DHCP services the VMG is providing to the LAN. The possible
MAC AddressThis shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your VMG.
WLAN 2.4G Information / WLAN 5G Information
MAC AddressThis shows the wireless adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of the wireless
StatusThis displays whether the WLAN is activated.
SSIDThis is the descriptive name used to identify the VMG in a wireless LAN.
ChannelThis is the channel number used by the wireless interface now.
SecurityThis displays the type of security mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless
802.11 ModeThis displays the type of 802.11 mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless LAN.
WPSThis displays whether WPS is activated on the wireless interface.
Security
FirewallThis displays the firewall’s current security level.
System Status
This is the current version of the firmware inside the VMG.
release your IP address to 0.0.0.0. If you want to renew your IP address, click Renew.
address. Choices are:
Client - The WAN interface can obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.
None - The WAN interface is using a static IP address.
values are:
Server - The VMG is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to other
computers in the LAN.
Relay - The VMG acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP requests and
responses between the remote server and the clients.
None - The VMG is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
interface.
LAN.
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Table 5 Status Screen (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
System Up
Time
Current Date/
Time
System Resource
CPU UsageThis field displays what percentage of the VMG’s processing ability is currently used.
Memory UsageThis field displays what percentage of the VMG’s memory is currently used. Usually, this
NAT Session
Usage
Interface Status
InterfaceThis column displays each interface the VMG has.
StatusThis field indicates the interface’s use status.
This field displays how long the VMG has been running since it last started up. The VMG
starts up when you plug it in, when you restart it (Maintenance > Reboot), or when
you reset it.
This field displays the current date and time in the VMG. You can change this in
Maintenance> Time Setting.
When this percentage is close to 100%, the VMG is running at full load, and the
throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have
more throughput, you should turn off other applications (for example, using QoS; see
Chapter 10 on page 141).
percentage should not increase much. If memory usage does get close to 100%, the
VMG is probably becoming unstable, and you should restart the device. See Section 38.2
on page 263, or turn off the device (unplug the power) for a few seconds.
This field displays what percentage of the VMG supported NAT sessions are currently
being used. This field also displays the number of active NAT sessions and the maximum
number of NAT sessions the VMG can support.
For the LAN and Ethernet WAN interfaces, this field displays Up when using the interface
and NoLink when not using the interface.
For a WLAN interface, this field displays the enabled (Up) or disabled (Disable) state of
the interface.
For the DSL interface, this field displays Down (line down), Up (line up or connected)
,Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation, and NoLink when not using
the interface.
For the 3G interface, this field displays Up when using the interface and NoDevice when
no device is detected in any USB slot.
RateFor the Ethernet WAN and LAN interface, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.
For the DSL interface, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
For the WLAN interface, it displays the maximum transmission rate or N/A with WLAN
disabled.
For the 3G interface, this field displays Up when a 3G device is installed in a USB slot
and N/A when no device is detected in any USB slot.
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6.1 Overview
WAN
This chapter discusses the VMG’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your VMG for
Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks, such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 17 LAN and WAN
CHAPTER 6
Broadband
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the Broadband screen to view, remove or add a WAN interface. You can also configure the
WAN settings on the VMG for Internet access (Section 6.2 on page 65).
•Use the 3G Backup screen to configure 3G WAN connection (Section 6.3 on page 74).
•Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex J, and DSL PhyR
functions (Section 6.4 on page 78).
•Use the 802.1x screen to view and configure the IEEE 802.1X settings on the VMG (Section 6.5
on page 80).
Table 6 WAN Setup Overview
LAYER-2 INTERFACEINTERNET CONNECTION
CONNECTION
ADSL/VDSL
over PTM
DSL LINK
TYPE
N/ARoutingPPPoEPPP information, IPv4/IPv6 IP
MODEENCAPSULATIONCONNECTION SETTINGS
BridgeN/AVLAN and QoS
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address, routing feature, DNS
server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
IPoEIPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing
feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS,
and MTU
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Table 6 WAN Setup Overview
LAYER-2 INTERFACEINTERNET CONNECTION
CONNECTION
ADSL over ATMEoARoutingPPPoE/PPPoAATM PVC configuration, PPP
Ethernet
DSL LINK
TYPE
N/A
6.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
WAN IP Address
MODEENCAPSULATIONCONNECTION SETTINGS
information, IPv4/IPv6 IP address,
routing feature, DNS server, VLAN,
QoS, and MTU
IPoE/IPoAATM PVC configuration, IPv4/IPv6
IP address, routing feature, DNS
server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
BridgeN/AATM PVC configuration, and QoS
RoutingPPPoEPPP user name and password, WAN
IPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing
feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS,
and MTU
IPoEWAN IPv4/IPv6 IP address, NAT,
DNS server and routing feature
BridgeN/AVLAN and QoS
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the VMG, which makes it accessible from an outside
network. It is used by the VMG to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can be
static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the VMG tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and
DNS server IP address(es).
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a WAN networking technology that provides high-speed data
transfer. ATM uses fixed-size packets of information called cells. With ATM, a high QoS (Quality of
Service) can be guaranteed. ATM uses a connection-oriented model and establishes a virtual circuit
(VC) between Finding Out More
PTM
Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) is packet-oriented and supported by the VDSL2 standard. In PTM,
packets are encapsulated directly in the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) frames. It is designed
to provide a low-overhead, transparent way of transporting packets over DSL links, as an
alternative to ATM.
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IPv6 Introduction
Chapter 6 Broadband
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The
increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 10
addresses. The VMG can use IPv4/IPv6 dual stack to connect to IPv4 and IPv6 networks, and
supports IPv6 rapid deployment (6RD).
38
IP
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This
is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So
2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as
2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double
colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So
2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as
2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An
IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address
compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For
example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
IPv6 Subnet Masking
Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided
into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each
character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal
characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.
IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Use IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) when the local network uses IPv6 and the ISP has an IPv4
network. When the VMG has an IPv4 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only,
you can enable 6rd to encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to cross the ISP’s IPv4 network.
The VMG generates a global IPv6 prefix from its IPv4 WAN address and tunnels IPv6 traffic to the
ISP’s Border Relay router (BR in the figure) to connect to the native IPv6 Internet. The local
network can also use IPv4 services. The VMG uses it’s configured IPv4 WAN IP to route IPv4 traffic
to the IPv4 Internet.
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ISP (IPv4)
IPv6 Internet
IPv4
IPv6
BR
IPv6 in IPv4
IPv4 Internet
IPv4
+
LAN
- IPv6
- IPv4
WAN
- IPv4
- IPv6 in IPv4
ISP (IPv6)
IPv6 Internet
IPv6
AFTR
IPv4 in IPv6
IPv4 Internet
IPv6
IPv4
+
LAN
- IPv6
- IPv4
WAN
- IPv6
- IPv4 in IPv6
Figure 18 IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Dual Stack Lite
Use Dual Stack Lite when local network computers use IPv4 and the ISP has an IPv6 network.
When the VMG has an IPv6 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv6 Only, you can
enable Dual Stack Lite to use IPv4 computers and services.
The VMG tunnels IPv4 packets inside IPv6 encapsulation packets to the ISP’s Address Family
Transition Router (AFTR in the graphic) to connect to the IPv4 Internet. The local network can also
use IPv6 services. The VMG uses it’s configured IPv6 WAN IP to route IPv6 traffic to the IPv6
Internet.
Figure 19 Dual Stack Lite
6.1.3 Before You Begin
You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address. Get this
information from your ISP.
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6.2 The Broadband Screen
Use this screen to change your VMG’s Internet access settings. Click Network Setting >
Broadband from the menu. The summary table shows you the configured WAN services
(connections) on the VMG.
Figure 20 Network Setting > Broadband
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Network Setting > Broadband
LABELDESCRIPTION
Add New WAN
Interface
#This is the index number of the entry.
NameThis is the service name of the connection.
TypeThis shows whether it is an ATM, Ethernet or a PTM connection.
ModeThis shows whether the connection is in routing or bridge mode.
EncapsulationThis is the method of encapsulation used by this connection.
802.1pThis indicates the 802.1p priority level assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This
802.1qThis indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This
IGMP ProxyThis shows whether the VMG act as an IGMP proxy on this connection.
NATThis shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection.
Default
Gateway
IPv6This shows whether IPv6 is activated or not for this connection. IPv6 is not available when
MLD ProxyThis shows whether Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is activated or not for this
ModifyClick the Edit icon to configure the WAN connection.
Click this button to create a new connection.
displays N/A when there is no priority level assigned.
displays N/A when there is no VLAN ID number assigned.
This shows whether the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default
gateway.
the connection uses the bridging service.
connection. MLD is not available when the connection uses the bridging service.
Click the Delete icon to remove the WAN connection.
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Chapter 6 Broadband
6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection
Click Add New WAN Interface in the Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to an existing WAN
interface to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies depending on the interface type, mode,
encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode you select.
6.2.1.1 Routing Mode
Use Routing mode if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to
share an Internet account.
The following example screen displays when you select the ADSL/VDSL over ATM connection
type, Routing mode, and PPPoE encapsulation. The screen varies when you select other interface
type, encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode.
Figure 21 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode)
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode)
LABELDESCRIPTION
General
ActiveSelect this to enable the interface.
NameSpecify a descriptive name for this connection.
TypeSelect whether it is an ADSL/VDSL over PTM, ADSL over ATM connection or Ethernet.
ModeSelect Routing if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to
EncapsulationSelect the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. This
IPv6/IPv4 Mode Select IPv4 Only if you want the VMG to run IPv4 only.
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
DSL Link TypeThe choices in this field change according to the Encapsulation method chosen above. This
share an Internet account.
option is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
The choices depend on the connection type you selected. If your connection type is ADSL/
VDSL over PTM, the choices are PPPoE and IPoE. If your connection type is ADSL over
ATM, the choices are PPPoE, PPPoA, IPoE and IPoA.
Select IPv6/IPv4 DualStack to allow the VMG to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the VMG to run IPv6 only.
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
field is not editable. PPPoA and IPoA encapsulation use the same named DSL Link Type.
Ethernet-over-ATM (EoA) is used for PPPoE, and IPoE encapsulation.
EoA a protocol for data transfer between Ethernet LAN and WAN over the ATM protocol. It
creates a bridged connection between the VMG and the ISP. It uses an Ethernet header in
the packet, so that you can have multiple services/connections over one PVC. You can set
each connection to have its own MAC address or all connections share one MAC address but
use different VLAN IDs for different services. EoA supports ENET ENCAP (IPoE), PPPoE and
RFC1483/2684 bridging encapsulation methods.
Encapsulation
Mode
PPPoA (PPP over ATM) allows just one PPPoA connection over a PVC.
IPoA (IP over ATM) allows just one RFC 1483 routing connection over a PVC.
Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices
are:
•LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by
identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when
you select IPoE or PPPoE in the Select DSL Link Type field.
•VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit
(VC). To transport multiple protocols, the VMG needs separate VCs. There is a binding
between a VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces
payload overhead since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol
Data Unit (PDU) payload.
•LLC/ENCAPSULATION: More than one protocol can be carried over the same VC. This
is available only when you select PPPoA in the Encapsulation field.
•LLC/SNAP-ROUTING: In LCC encapsulation, an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC)
header is prefixed to each routed PDU to identify the PDUs. The LCC header can be
followed by an IEEE 802.1a SubNetwork Attachment Point (SNAP) header. This is
available only when you select IPoA in the Encapsulation field.
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LABELDESCRIPTION
Service
Category
PPP Information (This is available only when you select PPPoE or PPPoA in the Mode field.)
PPP User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
PPP PasswordEnter the password associated with the user name above. Select password unmask to
PPP Trigger
Type
Authentication
Method
Select UBR Without PCR or UBR With PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive,
such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data
traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections
that require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly
as given.
show your entered password in plain text.
Select when to have the VMG establish the PPP connection.
Auto Connect - select this to not let the connection time out.
Connect on Demand - select this to automatically bring up the connection when the VMG
receives packets destined for the Internet.
Manual - select this if you want to manually trigger the connection up.
Select an authentication protocol for outgoing connection requests through this WAN
interface.
PAP - Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) authentication sends user name and
password in clear text without using encryption. Select this if your VMG accepts PAP only.
CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) provides authentication
through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. Select this if your VMG
accepts CHAP only.
MSCHAP - Microsoft CHAP provides authentication through a shared secret key and uses a
three way handshake. It provides improved usability with Microsoft products. Select this if
your VMG accepts MSCHAP only.
AUTO - Select this if your VMG accepts either PAP, CHAP, or MSCHAP authentication
method.
Idle TimeoutThis value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically
disconnects from the PPPoE server.
This field is not configurable if you select Auto Connect in the PPP Trigger Type field.
PPPoE Service
Name
PPPoE
Passthrough
IP Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field.)
Enter the name of your PPPoE service here.
This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the VMG’s built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE pass through to allow up
to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the
ISP via the VMG. Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate.
Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client
software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
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Table 8 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
DHCP
option 60/
Vendor ID
DHCP
option 61
IAD
DHCP
option 61
DUID
DHCP
option 43
Enable
Static IP
Address
IP AddressEnter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet
Mask
Gateway IP
Address
Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field.)
NAT Enable Select this option to activate NAT on this connection.
Fullcone NAT
Enable
IGMP Proxy
Enable
Apply as
Default
Gateway
DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field.)
DNSSelect Obtain DNS Info Automically if you want the VMG to use the DNS server
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not fixed;
the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Select this if you
have a dynamic IP address.
This field displays when editing an existing WAN interface. Type the class vender ID you
want the VMG to add in the DHCP Discovery packets that go to the DHCP server.
This field displays when editing an existing WAN interface. Type the Identity Association
Identifier (IAD) you want the VMG to add in the DHCP Discovery packets that go to the
DHCP server.
This field displays when editing an existing WAN interface. Type the DHCP Unique Identifier
(DUID) you want the VMG to add in the DHCP Discovery packets that go to the DHCP server.
This field displays when editing an existing WAN interface. Type the vender specific
information you want the VMG to add in the DHCP Offer packets. The information is used,
for example, for configuring an ACS’s (Auto Configuration Server) URL.
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP.
Select this option to enable full cone NAT on this connection. This field is available only when
you activate NAT. In full cone NAT, the VMG maps all outgoing packets from an internal IP
address and port to a single IP address and port on the external network. The VMG also
maps packets coming to that external IP address and port to the internal IP address and
port.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data.
Select this option to have the VMG act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. This allows the
VMG to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast
group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Select this option to have the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
addresses assigned by your ISP.
Select Use Following Static DNS Address if you want the VMG to use the DNS server
addresses you configure manually.
DNS Server1Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
DNS Server 2Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
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LABELDESCRIPTION
Tunnel (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6 Only in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field.)
The DS-Lite (Dual Stack Lite) fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv6 Only.
Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. See Dual Stack Lite on
page 64 for more information.
The 6RD (IPv6 rapid deployment) fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv4 Only. See
IPv6 Rapid Deployment on page 63 for more information.
Enable DS-LiteThis is available only when you select IPv6 Only in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field. Select
Enable to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network.
DS-Lite Relay
Server IP
Enable 6RDThis is available only when you select IPv4 Only in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field. Select
6RD TypeSelect Static if you have the IPv4 address of the relay server, otherwise select DHCP to
IPv4 Mask
Length
6RD Border
Relay Server IP
6RD IPv6 Prefix Enter an IPv6 prefix for tunneling IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s border relay router and connecting
IPv6 Address (This is available only when you select IPv6/IPv4 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field.)
IPv6 AddressSelect Automatic if you want to have the VMG use the IPv6 prefix from the connected
Specify the transition router’s IPv6 address.
Enable to tunnel IPv6 traffic from the local network through the ISP’s IPv4 network.
have the VMG detect it automatically through DHCP.
Enter the subnet mask number (1~32) for the IPv4 network.
When you set the 6RD Type to Static, specify the relay server’s IPv4 address in this field.
to the native IPv6 Internet.
router’s Router Advertisement (RA) to generate an IPv6 address.
•Select Get IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server(IA_NA) if you want to obtain an IPv6
address from a DHCPv6 server. The IP address assigned by a DHCPv6 server has priority
over the IP address automatically generated by the VMG using the IPv6 prefix from an
RA. This option is available only when you choose to get your IPv6 address
automatically.
•Select Prefix Delegation(IA_PD) to use DHCP PD (Prefix Delegation) which enables
the VMG to pass the IPv6 prefix information to its LAN hosts. The hosts can then use the
prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses.
Select Static if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.
Select None to not assign any IPv6 address to this WAN connection.
Prefix
Length
Next Hop Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the
IPv6 Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv6/IPv4 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the
IPv6/IPv4 Mode field. You can enable IPv6 routing features in the following section.)
MLD Proxy
Enable
Apply as
Default
Gateway
IPv6 DNS
Server
Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address
compose the network address.
same segment as your VMG's interface(s). The gateway helps forward packets to their
destinations.
Select this checkbox to have the VMG act as an MLD proxy on this connection. This allows
the VMG to get subscription information and maintain a joined member list for each
multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Select this option to have the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
Configure the IPv6 DNS server in the following section.
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Table 8 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
IPv6 DNS Select Dynamic to have the VMG get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from the ISP
automatically.
Select Static to have the VMG use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually.
IPv6 DNS
Server 1
IPv6 DNS
Server 2
VLAN (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL/VDSL over PTM.)
ActiveSelect this to enable VLAN on this WAN interface.
802.1p IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame
802.1qType the VLAN ID number (from 1 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
QoS
Rate LimitEnter the rate limit for the connection. This is the maximum transmission rate allowed for
WAN Outgoing
Default Tag
802.1pThis field displays if you activate VLAN for this WAN interface. Enter a priority level (from 0
DSCPIf you enable Select WAN Outgoing Default Tag, enter a DSCP (DiffServ Code Point)
MTU
MTU SizeEnter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for this traffic.
Bridging and
Routing in the
same WAN
Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
that contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection.
The greater the number, the higher the priority level.
traffic on this connection.
Select Enable and enter a DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) value to have the VMG add it in the
packets sent by this WAN interface.
to 7) to have the VMG add it to traffic through this connection.
value to have the VMG add it in the packets sent by this WAN interface.
Use this feature to bridge a LAN port(s) with the WAN interface. Traffic to/from LAN ports
not in the bridge is routed from the WAN interface.
ADSL use same VPI/VCI in Bridge and Route modes.
Enable Concurrent WAN
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
CancelClick Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
6.2.1.2 Bridge Mode
Click the Add new WAN Interface in the Network Setting > Broadband screen or the Edit icon
next to the connection you want to configure. Select Bridge as the encapsulation mode. The screen
varies depending on the interface type you select.
If you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
VDSL use same VLAN in Bridge and Route modes.
Enable this if you want to use the same VPI/VCI settings in different WAN interfaces. Select
this and then choose the ports to bridge with the WAN interface. \
•ADSL concurrent WAN uses the same VCI/PVI in both routing and bridge modes.
•VDSL concurrent WAN uses same VLAN in both routing and bridge mode.
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Figure 22 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL/VDSL over PTM -
Bridge Mode)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL/VDSL over PTM -
Bridge Mode)
LABELDESCRIPTION
General
ActiveSelect this to enable the interface.
NameEnter a service name of the connection.
TypeSelect ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface that you want to configure. The VMG uses the
ModeSelect Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
VLANThis section is available only when you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM in the Type field.
ActiveSelect Enable to enable VLAN on this WAN interface.
802.1pIEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame
802.1qType the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
OKClick OK to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
VDSL technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you select
Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on
traffic from the selected LAN port(s).
that contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The
greater the number, the higher the priority level.
If you select ADSL over ATM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
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Figure 23 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge
Mode)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge
Mode)
LABELDESCRIPTION
General
NameEnter a service name of the connection.
TypeSelect ADSL over ATM as the interface that you want to configure. The VMG uses the ADSL
ModeSelect Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPIThe valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI
Encapsulation
technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you
select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and
NAT on traffic from the selected LAN port(s).
The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices
are:
• LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by
identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when
you select IPoE or PPPoE in the Encapsulation field.
• VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit (VC).
To transport multiple protocols, the VMG needs separate VCs. There is a binding between a
VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces payload overhead
since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol Data Unit (PDU)
payload.
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Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge
Mode) (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
Service
Category
VLANThis section is available only when you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM in the Type field.
ActiveSelect Enable to enable VLAN on this WAN interface.
802.1pIEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame
802.1qType the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
OKClick OK to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
Select UBR Without PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data
traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections
that require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
that contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection.
The greater the number, the higher the priority level.
6.3 The 3G Backup Screen
The USB ports (at the left side panel of the VMG) allow you to attach a 3G dongle to wirelessly
connect to a 3G network for Internet access. You can have the VMG use the 3G WAN connection as
a backup. Disconnect the DSL and Ethernet WAN ports to use the 3G dongle as your primary WAN
connection. The VMG automatically uses a wired WAN connection when available.
Note: This VMG supports connecting one 3G dongle at a time.
Figure 24 Internet Access Application: 3G WAN
Use this screen to configure your 3G settings. Click Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup.
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Note: The actual data rate you obtain varies depending the 3G card you use, the signal
strength to the service provider’s base station, and so on.
Figure 25 Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Network Setting >Broadband > 3G Backup
LABELDESCRIPTION
General
3G BackupSelect Enable to have the VMG use the 3G connection as your WAN or a backup when the
Ping CheckSelect Enable if you want the VMG to ping check the connection status of your WAN. You
Check Cycle Enter the frequency of the ping check in this field.
Consecutive
PING Fail
Ping Default
Gateway
Ping the HostSelect this to have the VMG ping the particular host name or IP address you typed in this
3G Connection Settings
Card
description
wired WAN connection fails.
can configure the frequency of the ping check and number of consecutive failures before
triggering 3G backup.
Enter how many consecutive failures are required before 3G backup is triggered.
Select this to have the VMG ping the WAN interface’s default gateway IP address.
field.
This field displays the manufacturer and model name of your 3G card if you inserted one in
Mail ServerSelect a mail server for the e-mail address specified below.
If you do not select a mail server, e-mail notifications cannot be sent via e-mail. You must
have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > Email Notification screen.
Over Budget
Email Title
Send
Notification to
Email
IntervalEnter the interval of how many minutes you want the VMG to e-mail you.
Enable LogSelect this to activate the logging function at the interval you set in this field.
BasicClick this to hide the advanced settings of 3G backup.
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
CancelClick Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the e-mail notifications that the VMG
sends.
Notifications are sent to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank,
notifications cannot be sent via e-mail.
6.4 The Advanced Screen
Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable ADSL over PTM, Annex M, DSL PhyR, and SRA
(Seamless Rate Adaptation) functions. The VMG supports the PhyR retransmission scheme. PhyR is
a retransmission scheme designed to provide protection against noise on the DSL line. It improves
voice, video and data transmission resilience by utilizing a retransmission buffer.
ITU-T G.993.2 standard defines a wide range of settings for various parameters, some of which are
encompassed in profiles as shown in the next table.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced to display the following screen.
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Figure 26 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
LABELDESCRIPTION
PhyR USEnable or disable PhyR US (upstream) for upstream transmission to the WAN. PhyR US
should be enabled if data being transmitted upstream is sensitive to noise. However,
enabling PhyR US can decrease the US line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the
CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it
enabled.
PhyR DSEnable or disable PhyR DS (downstream) for downstream transmission from the WAN.
Bitswap
SRAEnable or disable Seamless Rate Adaption (SRA). Select Enable to have the VMG
ADSL
Modulation
PTM over
ADSL:
G.Dmt:ITU G.992.1 (better known as G.dmt) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone
G.lite : ITU G.992.2 (better known as G.lite) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone
PhyR DS should be enabled if data being transmitted downstream is sensitive to noise.
However, enabling PhyR DS can decrease the DS line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will
require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and
have it enabled.
automatically adjust the connection’s data rate according to line conditions without
interrupting service.
Select Enable to use PTM over ADSL. Since PTM has less overhead than ATM, some ISPs
use this for better performance.
modulation. G.dmt full-rate ADSL expands the usable bandwidth of existing copper
telephone lines, delivering high-speed data communications at rates up to 8 Mbit/s
downstream and 1.3 Mbit/s upstream.
modulation. G.lite does not strictly require the use of DSL filters, but like all variants of
ADSL generally functions better with splitters.
T1.413 :ANSI T1.413 is a technical standard that defines the requirements for the single asymmetric
digital subscriber line (ADSL) for the interface between the telecommunications network and
the customer installation in terms of their interaction and electrical characteristics.
ADSL2 :It optionally extends the capability of basic ADSL in data rates to 12 Mbit/s downstream
AnnexL :Annex L is an optional specification in the ITU-T ADSL2 recommendation G.992.3 titled
ADSL2+ :ADSL2+ extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream
AnnexM : Annex M is an optional specification in ITU-T recommendations G.992.3 (ADSL2) and
VDSL ProfileVDSL2 profiles differ in the width of the frequency band used to transmit the broadband
8a, 8b, 8c, 8d,
12a, 12b, 17a,
US0
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
CancelClick Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
and, depending on Annex version, up to 3.5 Mbit/s upstream (with a mandatory capability
of ADSL2 transceivers of 8 Mbit/s downstream and 800 kbit/s upstream).
Specific requirements for a Reach Extended ADSL2 (READSL2) system operating in the
frequency band above POTS, therefore it is often referred to as Reach Extended ADSL2 or
READSL2.The main difference between this specification and commonly deployed Annex A is
the maximum distance that can be used. The power of the lower frequencies used for
transmitting data is boosted up to increase the reach of this signal up to 7 kilometers
(23,000 ft).
channels. The data rates can be as high as 24 Mbit/s downstream and up to 1.4 Mbit/s
upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.
G.992.5 (ADSL2+), also referred to as ADSL2 M and ADSL2+ M. This specification extends
the capability of commonly deployed Annex A by more than doubling the number of
upstream bits. The data rates can be as high as 12 or 24 Mbit/s downstream and 3 Mbit/s
upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.
signal. Profiles that use a wider frequency band can deliver higher maximum speeds.
The G.993.2 VDSL standard defines a wide range of profiles that can be used in different
VDSL deployment settings, such as in a central office, a street cabinet or a building.
The VMG must comply with at least one profile specified in G.993.2. but compliance with
more than one profile is allowed.
6.5 The 802.1x Screen
You can view and configure the 802.1X authentication settings in the 802.1x screen. Click
Network Setting > Broadband > 802.1x to display the following screen.
Figure 27 Network Setting > Broadband > 802.1x
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
#This is the index number of the entry.
Status This field displays whether the authentication is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that
InterfaceThis is the interface that uses the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
EAP IdentityThis shows the EAP identity of the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no EAP
EAP methodThis shows the EAP method used in the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
Bidirectional
Authentication
CertificateThis shows the certificate used for this authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
Trusted CAThis shows the Trusted CA used for this authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
ModifyClick this icon to edit an item.
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
CancelClick Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
this authentication is active. A gray bulb signifies that this authentication is not active.
interface assigned.
identity assigned.
EAP method assigned.
This shows whether bidirectional authentication is allowed.
certificate assigned.
Trusted CA assigned.
6.5.1 Modify 802.1X Settings
Use this screen to edit 802.1X authentication settings. Click the Edit icon next to the rule you want
to edit. The screen shown next appears.
ActiveThis field allows you to activate/deactivate the authentication.
Select this to enable the authentication. Clear this to disable this authentication without
having to delete the entry.
InterfaceSelect an interface to which the authentication applies.
EAP IdentityEnter the EAP identity of the authentication.
EAP methodThis is the EAP method used for this authentication.
Bidirectional
Authentication
CertificateSelect the certificate you want to assign to the authentication. You need to import the
Trusted CASelect the Trusted CA you want to assign to the authentication. You need to import the
OKClick OK to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
Select Enable to allow bidirectional authentication.
certificate in the Security > Certificates > Local Certificates screen.
certificate in the Security > Certificates > Trusted CA screen.
6.6 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the VMG features described in
this chapter.
Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The VMG can work in bridge mode
or routing mode. When the VMG is in routing mode, it supports the following methods.
IP over Ethernet
IP over Ethernet (IPoE) is an alternative to PPPoE. IP packets are being delivered across an
Ethernet network, without using PPP encapsulation. They are routed between the Ethernet interface
and the WAN interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged
environment. For instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged Ethernet cells.
PPP over ATM (PPPoA)
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA connection
functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The VMG encapsulates the PPP session based on
RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) to the Internet Service
Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information
on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
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PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides access control and billing functionality in a
manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how
a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.)
connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a
function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and
offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no
specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the VMG (rather than individual computers), the computers on
the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the VMG does that part of the task.
Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5
(AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit
(LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a
separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to RFC 1483 for more detailed
information.
Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to
use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit; for
example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where
dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained
in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be
advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, for example, if
charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
T raffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average rate
and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps eliminate
congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and video
connections.
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Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter may
be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits), so a
maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not guaranteed
because it is dependent on the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS
is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more
cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value that
correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Figure 29 Example of Traffic Shaping
ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is being
sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for connections
that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and if traffic exceeds
this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR would be high-resolution
video and voice.
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections that use
the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or non-real time
(VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require closely
controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a PCR is
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specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT connection would
be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers and the bandwidth
requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty" traffic typical
on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum level. An example of an
VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR doesn't
guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare bandwidth. An
example application is background file transfer.
IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a
different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have
either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices
for IP address and default gateway.
Introduction to VLANs
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical
networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one
group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same
group(s); the traffic must first go through a router.
In Multi-Tenant Unit (MTU) applications, VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the
subscribers. When properly configured, VLAN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network
resources of another on the same LAN, thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of
another user in the same building.
VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more
manageable logical broadcast domain. In traditional switched environments, all broadcast packets
go to each and every individual port. With VLAN, all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast
domain.
Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN
A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership
of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The
VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a
frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame
across the network. A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two
bytes of TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier), residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame)
and two bytes of TCI (Tag Control Information), starts after the source address field of the Ethernet
frame).
The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If
a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as
it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum
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number of 4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A
frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority
level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the
4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved,
so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094.
TPID
2 Bytes
User Priority
3 Bits
CFI
1 Bit
VLAN ID
12 Bits
Multicast
IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast
(1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the
network - not everybody and not just 1.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an
improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to
read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please
see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be
in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group
and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is
assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the
224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast
routers group.
At start up, the VMG queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After
that, the VMG periodically updates this information.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The VMG can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
2If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the VMG’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This
is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
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• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can
be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can
only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be
written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015, 2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An
IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address
compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For
example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
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7.1 Overview
This chapter describes the VMG’s Network Setting > Wireless screens. Use these screens to set
up your VMG’s wireless connection.
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
This section describes the VMG’s Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your VMG’s
wireless connection.
•Use the General screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless
security mode (Section 7.2 on page 90).
•Use the Guest / More AP screen to set up multiple wireless networks on your VMG (Section 7.3
on page 94).
•Use the WPS screen to enable or disable WPS, view or generate a security PIN (Personal
Identification Number) (Section 7.4 on page 97).
•Use the WMM screen to enable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) to ensure quality of service in wireless
networks for multimedia applications (Section 7.5 on page 99).
•Use the WDS screen to set up a Wireless Distribution System, in which the VMG acts as a bridge
with other ZyXEL access points (Section 7.6 on page 100).
•Use the Others screen to configure wireless advanced features, such as the RTS/CTS Threshold
(Section 7.7 on page 102).
•Use the Channel Status screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the results
(Section 7.8 on page 103).
CHAPTER 7
Wireless
7.1.2 What You Need to Know
Wireless Basics
“Wireless” is essentially radio communication. In the same way that walkie-talkie radios send and
receive information over the airwowaves, wireless networking devices exchange information with
one another. A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange
information with radios attached to other computers. Like walkie-talkies, most wireless networking
devices operate at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to
use. However, wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in
that there a number of wireless networking standards available with different methods of data
encryption.
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Finding Out More
See Section 7.9 on page 104 for advanced technical information on wireless networks.
7.2 The General Screen
Use this screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless security mode.
Note: If you are configuring the VMG from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and
you change the VMG’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your
wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the
wireless settings of your computer to match the VMG’s new settings.
Click NetworkSetting > Wireless to open the General screen.
Figure 30 Network Setting > Wireless > General
Chapter 7 Wireless
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The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General
LABELDESCRIPTION
Wireless Network Setup
BandThis shows the wireless band which this radio profile is using. 2.4GHz is the frequency used
WirelessYou can Enable or Disable the wireless LAN in this field.
Channel Use Auto to have the VMG automatically determine a channel to use.
BandwidthSelect whether the VMG uses a wireless channel width of 20MHz, 40MHz or 80MHz.
Control
Sideband
Passphrase
Type
by IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless clients while 5GHz is used by IEEE 802.11a/ac wireless
clients.
A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz
channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps.
40MHz (channel bonding or dual channel) bonds two adjacent radio channels to increase
throughput. The wireless clients must also support 40 MHz. It is often better to use the 20
MHz setting in a location where the environment hinders the wireless signal.
An 80MHz channel groups adjacent 40MHz channels into pairs to increase bandwidth even
higher.
Select 20MHz if you want to lessen radio interference with other wireless devices in your
neighborhood or the wireless clients do not support channel bonding.
This is available for some regions when you select a specific channel and set the Bandwidth
field to 40MHz. Set whether the control channel (set in the Channel field) should be in the
Lower or Upper range of channel bands.
If you set security for the wireless LAN and have the VMG generate a password, the setting
in this field determines how the VMG generates the password.
Select None to set the VMG’s password generation to not be based on a passphrase.
Select Fixed to use a 16 character passphrase for generating a password.
Select Variable to use a 16 to 63 character passphrase for generating a password.
Passphrase Key For a fixed type passphrase enter 16 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no spaces). It
must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
For a variable type passphrase enter 16 to 63 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no
spaces). It must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
Wireless Network Settings
Wireless
Network Name
(SSID)
Max ClientsSpecify the maximum number of clients that can connect to this network at the same time.
Hide SSIDSelect this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
Multicast
Forwarding
Max. Upstream
Bandwidth
Max.
Downstream
Bandwidth
BSSIDThis shows the MAC address of the wireless interface on the VMG when wireless LAN is
Security Level
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is
associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Select this check box to allow the VMG to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless
unicast traffic.
Specify the maximum rate for upstream wireless traffic to the WAN from this WLAN in
kilobits per second (Kbps).
Specify the maximum rate for downstream wireless traffic to this WLAN from the WAN in
kilobits per second (Kbps).
enabled.
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Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
Security ModeSelect Basic (WEP, 802.1X) or More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) to add security on this
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
7.2.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any
data encryption or authentication.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your VMG, your network is accessible
to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Chapter 7 Wireless
wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have
same wireless security settings as the VMG. When you select to use a security, additional
options appears in this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without any data
encryption or authentication.
See the following sections for more details about this field.
Figure 31 Wireless > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Wireless > General: No Security
LABELDESCRIPTION
Security LevelChoose No Security to allow all wireless connections without data encryption or
authentication.
7.2.2 Basic (WEP Encryption)
WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points
(AP) to keep network communications private. Both the wireless stations and the access points
must use the same WEP key.
Note: WEP is extremely insecure. Its encryption can be broken by an attacker, using
widely-available software. It is strongly recommended that you use a more
effective security mechanism. Use the strongest security mechanism that all the
wireless devices in your network support. For example, use WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK
if all your wireless devices support it, or use WPA or WPA2 if your wireless devices
support it and you have a RADIUS server. If your wireless devices support nothing
stronger than WEP, use the highest encryption level available.
Your VMG allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can be
enabled at any one time.
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In order to configure and enable WEP encryption, click Network Setting > Wireless to display the
General screen, then select Basic as the security level.
Figure 32 Wireless > General: Basic (WEP)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Wireless > General: Basic (WEP)
LABELDESCRIPTION
Security LevelSelect Basic to enable WEP data encryption.
Generate
password
automatically
Password 1~4The password (WEP keys) are used to encrypt data. Both the VMG and the wireless stations
more.../lessClick more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
WEP Encryption Select 64-bits or 128-bits.
Select this option to have the VMG automatically generate a password. The password field
will not be configurable when you select this option.
must use the same password (WEP key) for data transmission.
If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
You must configure at least one password, only one password can be activated at any one
time.
This dictates the length of the security key that the network is going to use.
7.2.3 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK)
The WPA-PSK security mode provides both improved data encryption and user authentication over
WEP. Using a Pre-Shared Key (PSK), both the VMG and the connecting client share a common
password in order to validate the connection. This type of encryption, while robust, is not as strong
as WPA, WPA2 or even WPA2-PSK. The WPA2-PSK security mode is a newer, more robust version of
the WPA encryption standard. It offers slightly better security, although the use of PSK makes it
less robust than it could be.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to display the General screen. Select More Secure as the
security level. Then select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.
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Figure 33 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
LABELDESCRIPTION
Security LevelSelect More Secure to enable WPA(2)-PSK data encryption.
Security ModeSelect WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the drop-down list box.
Generate
password
automatically
Password The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only
more.../lessClick more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
EncryptionSelect the encryption type (TKIP, AES or TKIP+AES) for data encryption.
Select this option to have the VMG automatically generate a password. The password field
will not be configurable when you select this option.
difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of
user-specific credentials.
If you did not select Generate password automatically, you can manually type a pre-
shared key from 8 to 64 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
This field appears when you choose WPA-PSK2 as the Security Mode.
Check this field to allow wireless devices using WPA-PSK security mode to connect to your
VMG. The VMG supports WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK simultaneously.
Select TKIP if your wireless clients can all use TKIP.
Select AES if your wireless clients can all use AES.
Select TKIP+AES to allow the wireless clients to use either TKIP or AES.
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new group
key out to all clients.
7.3 The Guest / More AP Screen
This screen allows you to enable and configure multiple Basic Service Sets (BSSs) on the VMG.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP. The following screen displays.
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Figure 34 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP
LABELDESCRIPTION
#This is the index number of the entry.
StatusThis field indicates whether this SSID is active. A yellow bulb signifies that this SSID is active.
A gray bulb signifies that this SSID is not active.
SSIDAn SSID profile is the set of parameters relating to one of the VMG’s BSSs. The SSID (Service
Set IDentifier) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless device is associated.
This field displays the name of the wireless profile on the network. When a wireless client
scans for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in the wireless
client utility.
SecurityThis field indicates the security mode of the SSID profile.
Guest WLANThis displays if the guest WLAN function has been enabled for this WLAN.
If Home Guest displays, clients can connect to each other directly.
If External Guest displays, clients are blocked from connecting to each other directly.
N/A displays if guest WLAN is disabled.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the SSID profile.
7.3.1 Edit Guest / More AP
Use this screen to edit an SSID profile. Click the Edit icon next to an SSID in the Guest / More AP
screen. The following screen displays.
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Figure 35 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP > Edit
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 21 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP > Edit
LABELDESCRIPTION
Wireless Network Setup
WirelessYou can Enable or Disable the wireless LAN in this field.
Passphrase
Type
Wireless Network Settings
Wireless
Network Name
(SSID)
Max clientsSpecify the maximum number of clients that can connect to this network at the same time.
Hide SSIDSelect this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
Enhanced
Multicast
Forwarding
Guest WLANSelect this to create Guest WLANs for home and external clients. Select the WLAN type in
Passphrase type cannot be changed. The default is None.
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is
associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Select this check box to allow the VMG to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless
unicast traffic.
the Access Scenario field.
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Table 21 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest / More AP > Edit (continued)
LABELDESCRIPTION
Access
Scenario
Max. Upstream
Bandwidth
Max.
Downstream
Bandwidth
Security Level
Security ModeSelect Basic (WEP, 802.1X) or More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) to add security on this
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
If you select Home Guest, clients can connect to each other directly.
If you select External Guest, clients are blocked from connecting to each other directly.
Specify the maximum rate for upstream wireless traffic to the WAN from this WLAN in
kilobits per second (Kbps).
Specify the maximum rate for downstream wireless traffic to this WLAN from the WAN in
kilobits per second (Kbps).
wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have
same wireless security settings as the VMG. After you select to use a security, additional
options appears in this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without any data
encryption or authentication.
See Section 7.2.1 on page 92 for more details about this field.
7.4 The WPS Screen
Use this screen to configure WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) on your VMG.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually. Set up each WPS connection between two devices. Both
devices must support WPS. See Section 7.9.9.3 on page 113 for more information about WPS.
Note: The VMG applies the security settings of the SSID1 profile (see Section 7.2 on
page 90). If you want to use the WPS feature, make sure you have set the security
mode of SSID1 to WPA2-PSK or No Security.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WPS. The following screen displays. Select Enable and click
Apply to activate the WPS function. Then you can configure the WPS settings in this screen.
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Figure 36 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
LABELDESCRIPTION
General
WPSSelect Enable to activate WPS on this VMG.
Add a new device with WPS Method
Method 1Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network using Push Button Configuration (PBC).
Select Enable and click Apply to activate WPS method 1 on the VMG.
WPSClick this button to add another WPS-enabled wireless device (within wireless range of the
VMG) to your wireless network. This button may either be a physical button on the outside
of device, or a menu button similar to the WPS button on this screen.
Note: You must press the other wireless device’s WPS button within two minutes of pressing
this button.
Method 2Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network by entering the PIN of the client into the
VMG. Select Enable and click Apply to activate WPS method 2 on the VMG.
RegisterEnter the PIN of the device that you are setting up a WPS connection with and click
Register to authenticate and add the wireless device to your wireless network.
You can find the PIN either on the outside of the device, or by checking the device’s
settings.
Note: You must also activate WPS on that device within two minutes to have it present its
PIN to the VMG.
Method 3Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network by entering the PIN of the VMG into the
client. Select Enable and click Apply to activate WPS method 3 on the VMG.
Release
Configuration
The default WPS status is configured.
Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS
connections on the VMG.
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
If this method has been enabled, the PIN (Personal Identification Number) of the VMG is
shown here. Enter this PIN in the configuration utility of the device you want to connect to
using WPS.
The PIN is not necessary when you use WPS push-button method.
Click the Generate New PIN button to have the VMG create a new PIN.
7.5 The WMM Screen
Use this screen to enable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) and WMM Power Save in wireless networks for
multimedia applications.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WMM. The following screen displays.
Figure 37 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
Chapter 7 Wireless
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
LABELDESCRIPTION
2.4GHz WMM Setup / 5GHz WMM Setup
WMM of
SSID1~4
WMM
Automatic
Power Save
Delivery(APSD)
Select On to have the VMG automatically give the wireless network (SSIDx) a priority level
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia
Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes them run more
smoothly.
Select this option to extend the battery life of your mobile devices (especially useful for
small devices that are running multimedia applications). The VMG goes to sleep mode to
save power when it is not transmitting data. The AP buffers the packets sent to the VMG
until the VMG "wakes up". The VMG wakes up periodically to check for incoming data.
Note: This works only if the wireless device to which the VMG is connected also supports this
feature.
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes.
CancelClick Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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7.6 The WDS Screen
An AP using the Wireless Distribution System (WDS) can function as a wireless network bridge
allowing you to wirelessly connect two wired network segments. The WDS screen allows you to
configure the VMG to connect to two or more APs wirelessly when WDS is enabled.
Use this screen to set up your WDS (Wireless Distribution System) links between the VMG and
other wireless APs. You need to know the MAC address of the peer device. Once the security
settings of peer sides match one another, the connection between devices is made.
Note: WDS security is independent of the security settings between the VMG and any
wireless clients.
Note: At the time of writing, WDS is compatible with other ZyXEL APs only. Not all models
support WDS links. Check your other AP’s documentation.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WDS. The following screen displays.
Figure 38 Network Setting > Wireless > WDS
Chapter 7 Wireless
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 Network Setting > Wireless > WDS
LABELDESCRIPTION
2.4GHz Wireless Bridge Setup
AP ModeSelect the operating mode for your VMG.
•Access Point - The VMG functions as a bridge and access point simultaneously.
•Wireless Bridge - The VMG acts as a wireless network bridge and establishes wireless
links with other APs. In this mode, clients cannot connect to the VMG wirelessly.
Bridge RestrictThis field is available only when you set operating mode to Access Point.
Select Enabled to turn on WDS and enter the peer device’s MAC address manually in the
table below. Select Disable to turn off WDS.
Remote Bridge
MAC Address
#This is the index number of the entry.
You can enter the MAC address of the peer device by clicking the Edit icon under Modify.
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