YOKOGAWA CW140 User's Manual

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User's Manual

IM CW140-E

CW140 CLAMP-ON POWER METER

3rd Edition July 2001 (YK)

IM CW140-E

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing our CW140 Clamp-on Power Meter. This User’s manual explains the functions of the CW140, as well as its operating methods and handling precautions. Before using the CW140, read this manual thoroughly to ensure correct use of the instrument. The Operation Guide manual is available separately, in addition to this manual. The Operation Guide manual briefly describes the basic procedures for performing such tasks as measurement operations and settings. Use the manual together with this in-depth User’s manual. When you have finished reading this manual, carefully store it in a place that provides ease of access for later reference. This manual will come in handy when you are unsure of how to operate the instrument.

Notices

The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice. In addition, figures and illustrations representing display views in this manual may differ from real views. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy in the preparation of this manual. Should any doubts arise or errors come to your attention however, please contact one of the Yokogawa M&C sales offices listed on the back cover of this manual or the sales representative from which you purchased the instrument. The contents of this manual may not be transcribed or reproduced, in part or in whole, without prior permission.

Trademark Acknowledgments

The company and product names referred to in this document are either trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

Revision Information

February 2000: First edition July 2001: 3rd edition

IM CW140-E

Examining Items Contained in the Package

After opening the package, be sure to examine the product as instructed below before use. Should the delivered product be the wrong model, lack any item, or show any flaw in its appearance, contact the vendor from which you purchased the product.

CW140 Main Unit

Check the model name and the suffix (specifications) code in the MODEL and SUFFIX fields of the nameplate located at the back of the instrument to ensure that the instrument is exactly as specified in your purchase order.

Model Name and Suffix Codes

Model Suffix Code Specifications

CW140 AC adapters D Power cord: UL/CSA standard

F VDE standard R SAA standard S BS standard

Option codes /DA D/A output

/C1 Clamp-on probe for 20/200A (2 pcs/set) /C2 Clamp-on probe for 20/200A (4 pcs/set) /C3 Clamp-on probe for 50/500A (2 pcs/set) /C4 Clamp-on probe for 50/500A (4 pcs/set) /C5 Clamp-on probe for 200/1000A (2 pcs/set) /C6 Clamp-on probe for 200/1000A (4 pcs/set) /PM1 NiMH (nickel-hydrogen) battery pack and carrying case /PM2 “PM1” and FDD unit

No. field: Denotes the instrument number.

Refer to this number when inquiring to the vendor about the instrument.

Accessories

Make sure that the package contains all the accessories listed below and that they are all free from any damage.

Product Name Part Number Qty Remarks

1. AC adapter for power supply 788011 1 set Yokogawa’s AC adapter

2. AA alkaline dry cells — 6 (alkaline batteries)

3. Voltage probes 91007 4 Supplied together with two sets of ring

4. Instruction manual IM CW140-E 1

5. Operation Guide manual IM CW140P-E 1

markers of three different colors.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

IM CW140-E

Examining Items in the Package

Peripherals (Optional)

The products listed below are available as optional peripherals. For technical and ordering inquiries concerning the peripherals, contact the vendor from which you purchased the instrument. If the instrument you purchased includes any one of the optional peripherals, make sure it is free from any damage.

Product Name Part Number Minimum Order Qty Remarks

Clamp-on probe for 20/200 A 96030 1 * See the option codes for a choice of

Clamp-on probe for 50/500 A 96031 1 * Clamp-on probe for 200/1000 A 96032 1 * Voltage probe 91007 4 Floppy disk drive unit 97020 1 set FDD unit Carrying case 93020 1 AC adapter 788011 1 set Yokogawa’s AC adapter NiMH battery pack 94004 1 Printer 97010 1 AC adapter (for printer, Europe) 94006 1 AC adapter (for printer, USA) 94007 1 Thermal paper for printers 97080 10 rolls

TIP

It is advisable that the packing box be stored, as it is useful when you transport the instrument.

probe kits.

Instruction manual

NiMH battery pack

● Housing CW140 Main Unit and Accessories

An optional carrying case can accommodate the CW140 main unit with its current-sensing clamp-on probes and voltage probes connected to the unit. The case can also house such accessories as an AC adapter, NiMH battery pack, floppy drive unit, instruction manual, floppy disks, recording paper, and so on. It therefore comes in handy when transporting a complete kit of tools necessary for your measurement.

Example of Housing:

Clamp-on probes

Floppy drive unit

CW140 main unit

AC adapter

Voltage probes

IM CW140-E

Precautions for Safe Use of the Instrument

When operating the instrument, be sure to observe the cautionary notes given below to ensure correct and safe use of the instrument. If you use the instrument in any other way than instructed in this manual, the instrument’s protective measures may be impaired. Yokogawa M&C Corporation is by no means liable for any damage resulting from use of the instrument in contradiction to these cautionary notes. The following safety symbols are used in the instrument and this manual.

Danger! Handle with Care.

This symbol indicates that the operator must refer to an explanation in the instruction manual in order to avoid risk of injury or death of personnel or damage to the instrument.

Direct Current

This symbol indicates DC voltage/current.

Alternating Current

This symbol indicates AC voltage/current.

This symbol indicates On (power).

OFF

This symbol indicates Off (power).

Double Insulation

This symbol indicates double insulation.

WARNING

Indicates a hazard that may result in the loss of life or serious injury of the user unless the described instruction is abided by.

CAUTION

Indicates a hazard that may result in an injury to the user and/or physical damage to the pr oduct or other equipment unless the described instruction is abided by.

NOTE

Indicates information that is essential for handling the instrument or should be noted in order to familiarize yourself with the instrument’s operating procedures and/or functions.

TIP

Indicates information that complements the present topic.

SEE ALSO

Indicates the reference location(s) for further information on the present topic.

IM CW140-E

Precautions for Safe Use of the Instrument

Strictly observe the following cautionary notes in order to avoid the risk of injury or death of personnel or damage to the instrument due to such hazards as electrical shock.

WARNING

● Removal of Case from the Instrument

• Do not remove the case from the instrument or disassemble/modify the instrument itself.

• Some parts of the inside of the instrument contain high-voltage and, therefore, access to the internal assembly is extremely hazardous. For inspection and/or adjustment of the internal assembly, contact the vendor from which you purchased the instrument.

● Use of the Instrument in a Gas Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in a location where any flammable or explosive gas/vapor is present. It is extremely hazardous to operate the instrument in such an atmosphere.

● Inspection of Power Source

• Before turning on the instrument, always make sure the voltage of the power source to be applied matches the instrument’s supply voltage.

• When using alkaline batteries or an NiMH battery pac k, carefully read the cautionary notes on battery handling later in this manual.

● Use of Clamp-on Current Probes

• When using clamp-on current probes, keep the circuit voltage below 600 V AC in order to avoid possible short-circuits or accidents resulting in injury or death.

• Avoid using the instrument if it has been e xposed to rain or moisture or if your hands are wet.

• Do not use clamp-on current probes with any non-insulated conductors.

● Measures In Case of Anomalies

If the instrument begins to emit smoke, becomes too hot, or gives off an un usual smell, immediately turn it off and disconnect the power cord from the outlet. Also turn off power to the object under measurement that is connected to the instrument’s input terminals. Never attempt to use the instrument again. If any such anomalies as noted above occurs, contact the vendor from which you purchased the instrument. Do not attempt to repair the instrument yourself, as doing so is extremely dangerous.

● Handling of Power Cords

Do not place any load on the power cord or allow the power cord to come into accidental contact with any heat source. Hold the plug of the po wer cord, rather than holding and pulling the cord itself, when disconnecting it from the outlet. If the power cord is damaged, contact the vendor from which you purchased the instrument. See page 2 for information on the AC adapter that is necessary when ordering a replacement power cord.

IM CW140-E

Contents

Introduction ..............................................................................................................1

Examining Items Contained in the Package..........................................................2

Precautions for Safe Use of the Instrument ..........................................................4

Chapter 1. Product Overview ...............................................................................1-1

1.1 Product Overview ........................................................................................ 1-1

Chapter 2. Components, Their Use and Overrange, and Error Indications ..... 2-1

2.1 Front Panel and Connector Block................................................................ 2-1

2.2 Operation and Functions Keys .................................................................... 2-2

2.3 Connecting Input Signals to Be Measured and External Input Terminals ... 2-3

2.4 Overrange and Other Marks Shown during Measurement.......................... 2-6

Chapter 3. Precautions for Safe Measurement...................................................3-1

3.1 Handling Precautions .................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 Installation Procedure.................................................................................. 3-3

3.3 Precautions for Wiring the Circuit under Test .............................................. 3-4

3.4 Diagrams of Basic Wiring ............................................................................ 3-5

3.5 Wiring the Circuit under Test Using External VT/CT.................................... 3-8

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off ...................................... 3-9

3.7 Performing Measurements with Higher Precision ..................................... 3-18

Chapter 4. Basic Operation Flow and Top Menu Screen ...................................4-1

4.1 Basic Operation Flow .................................................................................. 4-1

4.2 Top Menu Screen ........................................................................................ 4-2

Chapter 5. System Settings..................................................................................5-1

5.1 System Settings .......................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 System Reset .............................................................................................. 5-4

Chapter 6. File Handling ....................................................................................... 6-1

6.1 File Handling ............................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 File Name and File Attribute........................................................................ 6-4

6.3 Entering a File Name................................................................................... 6-5

Chapter 7. Common Functions of All Modes .....................................................7-1

7.1 Wiring .......................................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Checking Wiring .......................................................................................... 7-3

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits ..................................................................... 7-6

7.4 Sampling Frequencies and Integration Periods......................................... 7-14

7.5 Frequency Measurement and Low-pass Filters ........................................ 7-16

7.6 Averaging Function.................................................................................... 7-18

7.7 Scaling Function (VT/CT) .......................................................................... 7-19

Chapter 8. Instant Measure Mode........................................................................8-1

8.1 Detailed View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen .................. 8-1

8.2 Working with the Function Keys .................................................................. 8-4

8.3 Expanded View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen ............... 8-5

IM CW140-E

Contents

8.4 Logging in Instant Measure Mode ............................................................... 8-7

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode.............................................. 8-10

8.6 Computational Expressions....................................................................... 8-15

Chapter 9. Electric Energy Measure Mode .........................................................9-1

9.1 Data Items on Electric Energy Measure Mode Screen ............................... 9-1

9.2 Working with the Function Keys .................................................................. 9-3

9.3 Integration in Electric Energy Measure Mode ............................................. 9-4

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode .................................. 9-7

Chapter 10. Key .............................................................................................10-1

10.1 Simple Electric Energy Measurement with Key .................................. 10-1

Chapter 11 Demand Measure Mode .................................................................11-1

11.1 About Demand .......................................................................................... 11-1

11.2 Data Items Shown on Demand Measure Mode Screen ............................ 11-2

11.3 Working with the Function Keys ................................................................ 11-4

11.4 Demand Measurement in Demand Measure Mode .................................. 11-5

11.5 Setup Data Items of Demand Measure Mode ........................................... 11-8

Chapter 12. Harmonics Measure Mode ............................................................. 12-1

12.1 Showing Tables in Harmonics Measure Mode .......................................... 12-1

12.2 Showing Graphs in Harmonics Measure Mode......................................... 12-3

12.3 Working with the Function Keys ................................................................ 12-5

12.4 Logging in Harmonics Measure Mode ...................................................... 12-6

12.5 Setup Data Items of Harmonics Measure Mode ....................................... 12-9

12.6 Computational Expressions..................................................................... 12-15

Chapter 13. File Functions .................................................................................13-1

13.1 Saving, Loading and Printing with File Functions...................................... 13-1

Chapter 14. External I/O Functions ...................................................................14-1

14.1 Optional D/A Output .................................................................................. 14-1

14.2 External Control Input ............................................................................... 14-8

14.3 Event Input ................................................................................................ 14-9

Chapter 15. RS-232C Communication Function ..............................................15-1

15.1 RS-232C Interface Specifications ............................................................. 15-1

15.2 Connecting CW140 through RS-232C Interface ....................................... 15-2

15.3 Handshake Methods ................................................................................. 15-4

15.4 Matching the Data Format......................................................................... 15-7

Chapter 16. In the Event of a Power Failure .....................................................16-1

16.1 In the Event of a Power Failure ................................................................. 16-1

Chapter 17. Auxiliary Functions ........................................................................17-1

17.1 Auxiliary Functions .................................................................................... 17-1

17.2 Floppy Disk Drive (Optional)...................................................................... 17-7

17.3 Printer (Optional) ....................................................................................... 17-8

Chapter 18. Troubleshooting .............................................................................18-1

18.1 Corrective Action in Case of Failure .......................................................... 18-1

18.2 Messages and Corrective Measures......................................................... 18-2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

App

Index

IM CW140-E

Contents

Chapter 19. Specifications .................................................................................19-1

19.1 Specifications ............................................................................................ 19-1

19.2 Specifications of Current Clamps ............................................................ 19-15

Appendix.........................................................................................................App1-1

Appendix 1 Block Diagram of CW140 Main Unit............................................. App1-1

Appendix 2. Communication Commands.......................................................... App2-1

Appendix 3. Explanation of Data Item to be Saved/Printed .............................App3-1

Appendix 4. Terminology .................................................................................. App4-1

Appendix 5. Explanation of Reactive Power Method........................................App5-1

Appendix 6. Settings Check Sheet................................................................... App6-1

Index............................................................................................................... Index-1

IM CW140-E

Chapter 1. Product Overview

1.1 Product Overview

The CW140 clamp-on power meter is basically designed for measuring rootmean-square voltage and current rms values and thereby electric energy. With its computing capabilities, the CW140 can measure and analyze a wide variety of parameters related to electric power. This section explains the features of the CW140 and shows a schematic diagram representing the functions of the CW140. It also explains the screen views (i.e., measuring objects) presented by each measurement mode of the CW140.

Features

● Supports a variety of measurement modes and continuous

measurement.

The CW140 has four measurement modes which support continuous measurement.

• Instant Measure mode (logging)

• Electric Energy Measure mode (integration)

• Demand Measure mode (demand measurement)

• Harmonics Measure mode (logging)

● Efficient Measurement using the Wh Key

This feature simplifies operations required for the Electric Energy Measure mode most often used.

● Supports a variety of wiring methods.

• Supports single-phase two-wire systems, single-phase three-wire systems, three-phase three-wire two-current systems, three-phase three-wire threecurrent systems, and three-phase four-wire systems.

• Supports dual-load systems in a single-phase two-wire, single-phase threewire, or three-phase three-wire configuration (except when in the Harmonics Measure mode).

● Data Management

• Measured values or measurement settings can be stored in internal memory or on a 3.5-inch floppy disk inserted in an optional floppy drive attached externally to the CW140.

• Allows simultaneous data saving to internal memory and a floppy disk, or copying internal memory data to a floppy disk.

• An optional printer connected externally to the CW140 allows you to print measured values or measurement settings.

● Communication

With an RS-232-C interface, it is possible to transfer data to or receive measurement settings from a personal computer. The CW140 stores measurement data in CSV format, facilitating data processing (such as creating graphs) using commercial spreadsheet software.

● Setting Operations

• Easy-to-operate Display Screen

You can easily change settings by selecting items highlighted on the screen using Range keys, Cursor key, and function keys.

● Settings Check Sheet

The settings check sheet in Appendix 6 lists required setting items for each measurement mode. Use this sheet for reference and to improve efficiency when making settings in the field.

Product Overview

IM CW140-E

1-1

1.1 Product Overview

Schematic Function Diagram

key key

TOP MENU

screen

(Chapter 8) (Chapter 9) (Chapter 11) (Chapter 12)

Instant Measure

mode

Logging

Condition setting Condition setting Condition setting Condition setting

Averaging function (Section 7.6) Scaling function (Section 7.7) Low-pass filter function (Section 7.5)

Frequency measurement

Wiring check function (Section 7.2)

Power failure handling function (Chapter 16) Auxiliary functions (Chapter 17)

Clock Language selection (Japanese, English) Hold of on-screen readings NiMH battery recharging LCD contrast LCD backlight Beep (confirmation of key operation) Key locking Power-saving mode System reset Low battery indicator Testing backup batteries

Electric Energy Measure mode

Integration

(Chapter 5) (Chapter 6)

System Setting

mode Screens

1/2 and 2/2

Demand Measure

mode

Demand

Internal

memory

for personal computer or printer

Floppy disk drive unit

(connected externally)

(Section 17.2)

File Handling

Harmonics Measure mode (Graph display)

Logging

Storage of data and setup conditions Reading of setup conditions

RS-232C interface

mode

(Chapter 15)

(Section 17.3)

Event input function

(Chapter 10)

Electric Energy Measure mode

Last condition Setting condition 1 Setting condition 2 Setting condition 3 Setting condition 4

Saving set conditions

External trigger function

(Section 14.2)

(Section 14.3)

D/A

output

(Optional)

1-2

IM CW140-E

1.1 Product Overview

Demand Measure mode (Chapter 11)

Indication at the End of Demand

• Maximum demand and its time

• Average of respective demands

• Electric energy integrated from the start to the end of demand

• Average power factor

• Average load factor

Indication During Demand Interval

• Maximum demand and its time

• Demand of one demand period earlier

• Electric energy integrated since the start of demand

• Electric energy integrated during the present demand period

• Power factor

• Load factor

• Remaining time of demand interval

On-screen Information (Data Items) Provided by Each Measurement Mode

In each measurement mode, you can measure and calculate on-screen data items, as shown below.

Instant Measure mode (Chapter 8)

Rms voltage value (V) Rms current value (A) Active power (W) Reactive power 1 and 2 (Var) 1: With reactive power meter method 2: Without reactive power meter method Apparent power (VA) Power factor Phase angle (°) Frequency (Hz) Three-phase unbalance factor (%) (for three-phase wiring only)

Product Overview

Electric Energy Measure mode (Chapter 9)

Harmonics Measure mode (Chapter 12)

Table displays

Graph displays

• Voltage/current Rms value, harmonic content, phase angle

• Power

• Voltage/current Rms value, harmonic content, phase angle

• Power

Active power (Wh) Regenerative power (Wh) Lagging reactive power (Varh) Leading reactive power (Varh)

Analysis of 1st- through 13th-order harmonics

Total rms value (All-RMS) Total harmonic distortion

IEEE (relative to fundamental wave); CSA (relative to total rms value)

Fundamental wave frequency Power value, power content, power phase angle

Total power value Total power factor Fundamental wave frequency

Power value, power content, power phase angle

IM CW140-E

(The CW140 does not support the Harmonics Measure mode when wired to 2-system load.)

NOTE

The CW140 can show a screen of instantaneous values whether it is in the Electric Energy Measure mode or the Demand Measure mode.

1-3

Chapter 2. Components, Their Use and Overrange, and Error Indications

)

2.1 Front Panel and Connector Block

Battery charge LED indicator (for optional NiMH battery)

184 (7.24)

AC adapter jack

Power switch

START

&STOP

CLAMP ON POWER METER

FFF

LIGHT

KEY LOCK

INPUT / OUTPUT

ESC

L1NLNLN L2NL3NL4N

4F51

ENTER

TOP MENU

Product Overview

IM CW140-E

65 (2.56)

206 (8.11)

Unit: mm (approx. inches

2-1

2.2 Operation and Functions Keys

Status LED indicator* for continuous measurement

LIGHT

ESC

Name

Function keys

Key Symbol

Set data appropriate for information shown in their respective corresponding fields along the

Description

Display

bottom edge of the display.

START&STOP

key

Starts/stops logging when the CW140 is in the Instant Measure or Harmonics Measure mode. Starts/stops integration when the CW140 is in the Electric Energy Measure mode. Starts/stops demand when the CW140 is in the Demand Measure mode.

Backlight key

LIGHT

Turns on/off the backlight. Holding this key down for more than 3 seconds places the CW140 in a key lock state. To cancel the state, hold this key down again for more than 3 seconds.

Watt-hour key

Allows you to measure electric energy easily without selecting the Electric Energy Measure mode from the TOP MENU screen.

Escape key

Enter key

Cursor key

V Range key

Cancels such data as setup conditions.

ESC

Confirms such data as setup conditions.

Moves the cursor through on-screen data items so an item can be selected.

Shows/resets the voltage range. (You can change the setpoint with a function key.)

A Range key

Shows/resets the current range. (You can change the setpoint with a function key.)

Wiring key

Shows/resets the setting of a wiring method. (You can change the setting with a function key.) Also see "Checking Wiring."

TOP MENU key

Changes the display to the TOP MENU screen for selecting each measurement mode.

* Status LED indicator: Remains lit when the CW140 is performing continuous measurement (whether the

meter is in a stand-by state or taking measurements) in each measurement mode.

2-2

IM CW140-E

2.3 Connecting Input Signals to Be Measured and External Input Terminals

● Terminal Assignments

Voltage input terminals

Current (clamp) input terminals

Product Overview

FDD

Connector for connection with

an external floppy disk drive unit

RS-232C

RS-232C connector for

printer/personal computer

Event input terminals: Receive ON/OFF signals from equipment

External control input terminals: Receive START/STOP signals informing

D/A output terminals: Terminals for D/A output

LOGIC INPUT START/STOP D/A OUTPUT

Event input terminals

External control (trigger)

input terminals

L1NLNLN L2NL3NL4N

D/A output terminals

(optional)

under test.

of the start and end of logging, integration or demand measurement.

(not available if the CW140 is not equipped with a D/A output option).

IM CW140-E

2-3

2.3 Connecting Input Signal Lines to Be Measured and External Input Terminals

LL1

V INPUT

600V~MAX

TERMINALS 600V ~ MAX

O EAR

FDD

RS-232C

LOGIC NIPUT

T/ST

5.5V MAX

● Connection of Input Signal Lines to Be Measured and External Input

Terminals (Example)

Ring marker

Current clamp

HL H

T/ST

LOGIC NIPUT

.5V M

RS-232C

FDD

V ~ M

600

INA

600

V INPUT

Voltage probe (red/yellow/blue)

Voltage probe (black)

WARNING

• Thoroughly read Section 3.3, "Precautions for Wiring the Circuit Under Test."

• When wiring the CW140, turn off the circuit under test. It is extremely dangerous to connect or disconnect measuring lead wires without turning off the circuit under test.

• Be extremely careful not to connect any voltage-mode cir cuit to the current input terminals or any current-mode circuit to the voltage input terminals. Miswiring can result in not only damage to the circuit or equipment under test but also an injury to personnel.

• The CW140 can be connect to a maximum of four voltage input probes or four current-sensing clamps. Do not connect any probe or clamp that is not necessary for measurement.

• Do not use any other probes or current-sensing clamps than those supplied with the CW140.

• Before connecting a current-sensing clamp to the CW140, make sure the H and L polarities are correctly identified.

● Differentiating among Voltage Input Probes and among Current-

sensing Clamps

• Voltage Input Probes

Probe for Input terminal N: Black (one) Probes for Input terminals V1 to V3: Three different colors: Red, Yellow and Blue.

• Current-sensing Clamps

Clamps for Input terminals CH1 to CH4: Differentiated by ring markers of four different

2-4

colors

IM CW140-E

2.3 Connecting Input Signal Lines to Be Measured and External Input Terminals

● Use of Ring Markers (Standard Accessories)

Attach ring markers of the same color to both the terminal connection side and alligator clip side of a voltage input probe or to both the terminal connection side and clamping side of a current-sensing clamp. This enables you to differentiate between the input signal lines.

CAUTION

Be careful not to damage a probe when attaching ring markers.

● Connection of External I/O Terminals

Signal wire

Tool such as a flat-tip screwdriver

● Connection Procedure

Insert the signal wire into the hole while pressing the rectangular area at the bottom of the external I/O terminal using such a tool as a flat-tip screwdriver. Removing the screwdriver from the terminal fixes the signal wire in place.

Product Overview

CAUTION

• Do not apply voltages outside the allowable input voltage range (-0.5 to 5.5 V), otherwise the input circuit may be damaged.

• When wiring the CW140, be careful not to mistake an input terminal for an output terminal.

● Applicable Signal Wires

Standard wire: φ1.0 single-core wire (AWG18) or 0.75 mm Adaptable wire: φ0.4 to 1.0 single-core wire (AWG26 to 18) or 0.35 to 0.75

mm2 stranded wire (AWG22 to 20) with a minimum strand diameter of 0.18 mm; typical length of stripping = 10 mm

● Applied Terminals

LOGIC INPUT: Event input terminals (receive ON/OFF signals from

equipment under test)

START/STOP: Terminals for inputting signals informing the start and end of

logging, integration or demand measurement.

D/A OUTPUT: Terminals for D/A conversion output (optional)

IM CW140-E

stranded wire

2-5

2.4 Overrange and Other Marks Shown during Measurement

● Overrange Indications during Measurement

: Conditions for current overrange indication

This mark appears if the sampled value exceeds 300% of the rated current range or if the rms value of the measured current exceeds 110% of the rated range. If a fixed range is used, step up the range.

: Conditions for voltage overrange indication

This mark appears if the sampled value exceeds 300% of the rated voltage range or if the rms value of the measured voltage exceeds 110% of the rated range. If a fixed range is used, step up the range.

TIP

• The current overrange mark appears if an input signal to one of the terminals CH1 to CH4 satisfies the conditions noted above.

• The voltage overrange mark appears if an input signal to one of the terminals V1 to V3 satisfies the conditions noted above.

Indication of Overrange Marks When Auto-ranging Is Used

The CW140 steps up or down the range, as discussed in Section 7.3, "Ranges and Number of Digits." Then, the CW140 shows the or mark if the conditions noted above become true under the maximum range.

Indication of OR Symbol

The CW140 shows the OR symbol, instead of a usual four-digit value, if the result of measurement (calculation) satisfies the conditions noted above. (If a fixed range is used, step up the range.)

Indication of OR Symbol When Auto-ranging Is Used

The CW140 steps up or down the range, as discussed in Section 7.3, "Ranges and Number of Digits." Then, the CW140 shows the OR symbol if the conditions noted above become true under the maximum range.

WARNING

The CW140 shows an overrange mark under the maximum range only if the input level exceeds the maximum allowable input level. Do not appl y an y input level higher than the maxim um allowable input level.

2-6

IM CW140-E

2.4 Overrange and Other Marks Shown during Measurement

CAUTION

When measuring an input signal level exceeding the rated range, use a voltage transformer (VT) or a current transformer (CT) - scaling function. When using a VT or CT, thoroughl y read Section

3.5, "Wiring the Circuit under Test Using External VT/CT."

● Frequency-related Overrange Indications

Normal measurement: The measurement range is from 45 Hz to 1 kHz.

The display shows "----" if the input signal is below 40 Hz or above 1.2 kHz.

Three-phase unbalance factor measurement:

The measurement range is from 45 to 440 Hz. The display shows "----" if the input signal is below 40 Hz or above 440 Hz.

Harmonics measurement: The measurement range is from 45 to 65 Hz.

The display shows "----" if the input signal is below 40 Hz or above 70 Hz.

● Indications When the Measured Value Is Too Small

If either a voltage or current input level is below 0.4% of the rated range, the CW140 gives the readings noted below. If a fixed range is used, step down the range. Reactive power 2 and apparent power: Read zero (0). Power factor and phase angle: Read as "----".

Product Overview

If the level of active power or reactive power is below 0.7% of the rating, the reading is displayed as shown below. Active power or reactive power: Read zero (0). The integration stops.

In harmonics measurement, the display reads as shown below if the input level of a frequency-measuring device is below 10% of the rated range. All measurement data items: Read as "----". If the voltage, current or power harmonic content in harmonics measurement is below 0.1%, the phase angle of a harmonic component of that order reads as "----".

TIP

Even if the instantaneous value overrange occurs and the OR symbol appears in the electric energy measure mode, the integration processing continues. In this case, the level of accuracy of the on-screen integrated value may become inaccurate (about two times) that of the rated accuracy.

NOTE

If continuous measurement (logging, integration, or demand) is performed when in AUTO range, the range will be fixed to the value when the START&STOP key is pressed.

IM CW140-E

2-7

2.4 Overrange and Other Marks Shown during Measurement

● Other Marks

Screen View

: Appears if the demand exceeds the reference power level.

: Denotes the scaling function.

Appears if either the VT or CT ratio is set at a value other than 1. : Appears when the reactive power method is used. : Appears when display hold is enabled. : Appears when a current overrange occurs. : Appears when a voltage overrange occurs.

: Appears when the CW140 is configured so that data is stored in

internal memory.

: Appears when the CW140 is configured so that data is stored

on a floppy disk.

: Appears when the CW140 is configured so that data is output to

a printer.

: Appears when the battery becomes low (low-battery mark). : Appears when an AC adapter is used. : Appears when the CW140 is in a key lock state.

TIP

• The Floppy Disk mark is only effective if an optional external floppy disk drive is used.

• The Printer mark is only effective if an optional external printer is used.

• The Low-Battery mark appears if either an optional NiMH battery pack or alkaline batteries are used.

• The (Low-Battery mark) and (AC Adapter mark) indications share the same position of view on the display.

2-8

IM CW140-E

Chapter 3. Precautions for Safe Measurement

3.1 Handling Precautions

If you are a first-time user, be sure to read "Precautions for Safe Use of the Instrument" on pages 4 and 5.

● Do not place any load on the instrument.

Do not place any other equipment of a vessel filled with water on the instrument. Otherwise, the instrument may become defective.

● Moving the instrument

Before moving the instrument, make sure the power cord and all other cables are disconnected. When moving the instrument, hold it with both hands.

● Input Terminals

Do not bring any electrified substance close to the signal terminals. Otherwise, the internal circuitry may be destroyed. Do not apply any mechanical shock to the signal terminals. Otherwise, such impact may be transformed into electrical noise and input to the instrument.

Precautions for Safe Measurement

● Protection of Case and Operation Panel

Do not spray any volatile chemical on the case or operation panel. Do not leave any rubber or vinyl product in contact with the instrument for a prolonged period. Otherwise, the instrument may be discolored or deformed.

● Cleaning

When cleaning the case and/or operation panel, disconnect the power cord from the outlet. Then, wipe the surfaces of the case and/or operation panel with a soft clean cloth. Do not use chemicals such as benzine or paint thinner. Otherwise, the instrument may be discolored or deformed.

● Display Screen

When the instrument is shipped from the factory, the display screen is covered with a protective film. Remove the film before you begin using the instrument. The LCD backlight lasts a approximately 10,000 hours when kept turned on at room temperature. If it is used longer than that period, the brightness may drastically decrease. If this occurs, the backlight needs to be replaced. Contact the vendor from which you purchased the instrument.

IM CW140-E

3-1

3.1 Handling Precautions

● After Use

After use, disconnect the power cord from the outlet.

● Long Absence of Use

If the instrument will not be used for a prolonged period, remove the batteries (AA-size alkaline batteries or NiMH battery pack) from the instrument.

Precautions for Use of the Clamp

CAUTION

• The clamping CT (current transformer) is precision assembled to ensure high performance. When using the clamp, do not apply any intense mechanical shock, vibration or force to the clamping CT.

• If dust or any other foreign matter gets in the clamping CT, do not shut the clamping cores tight. First remove the dust and then make sure the clamping cores on both sides close smoothly.

3-2

IM CW140-E

3.2 Installation Procedure

Install the instrument in a location that satisfies the following conditions.

● Ambient Temperature and Humidity

• Ambient temperature: 5°C to 40°C

• Ambient humidity: 35 to 80% RH (no condensation)

● Operating altitude

2000m max. above sea level

● Level Location

Do not install the instrument in an unstable or inclined location. Otherwise, this may result in the failure to obtain precision measurements.

● Do not install the instrument in a location that is:

• exposed to direct sunlight or close to a heat source;

• close to such a noise source as high-voltage equipment or a motive power supply;

• exposed to a relatively large amount of lampblack, steam, dust or corrosive gas;

• exposed to frequent mechanical vibration;

• close to a source of strong electromagnetic fields; or

• unstable.

Precautions for Safe Measurement

IM CW140-E

3-3

3.3 Precautions for Wiring the Circuit under Test

WARNING

• When wiring the instrument or the instrument is turned off, turn off the circuit under test. It is extremely dangerous to connect or disconnect measuring lead wires without turning off

the circuit under test.

• Be extremely careful not to connect any volta ge-mode circuit to the current input terminals or any current-mode circuit to the voltage input terminals. Miswiring can result in not only damage to the circuit or equipment under test but also an injury to personnel.

• Do not apply any input level higher than the following to the v olta ge or current input terminals.

• Maximum allowable input (continuous)

Voltage input: 600 Vrms Current input: 250 Arms Clamp A (96030)

625 Arms Clamp C (96031)

*700 Arms Clamp B (96032)

* Refer to Section 19.2, “Specifications of Current Clamps” for details.

In addition to the maximum allowable input, the rated input levels are specified as shown below.

Voltage ratings: 150, 300 and 600 V Current ratings: 20, 50, 100 and 200 A Clamp A (96030)

50, 100, 200 and 500 A Clamp C (96031) 200, 500 and 1000 A Clamp B (96032)

• If using an external VT (voltage transformer) or CT (current transformer), make sure the transformer can adequately withstand the voltage being measured.

• Be careful not to allow the secondary stage of the CT to become open-circuited while the CT is being electrified. Otherwise, a high-voltage may develop on the secondary stage, causing extreme danger.

• The maximum allowable input voltage range of the external input terminals (external control input and event input terminals) is specified as –0.5 to 5.5 V.

Do not apply voltages exceeding this range, otherwise the input circuitry may be damaged. (When wiring the input terminals, be careful not confuse them with the optional D/A output

terminals.)

• Do not use any probes or clamps other than those voltage input probes or dedicated clamps supplied together with the CW140.

• Do not use a clamp with any non-insulated conductors.

TIP

After wiring the CW140, it is necessary to perform setting/operation for the wiring method using the WIRING key.

SEE ALSO

Section 7.1, "Wiring," for details on how to set the wiring method.

3-4

IM CW140-E

3.4 Diagrams of Basic Wiring

This section explains the methods of basic wiring using illustrations.

Current-sensing clamp

(1) 1

φφ

φ2W

φφ

O U

R C E

L O A D

Precautions for Safe Measurement

(2) 1

(3) 3

Voltage input terminals Current input terminals

φφ

φ3W

φφ

Voltage input terminals Current input terminals

φφ

φ3W2i

φφ

S O U R C E

NV1 CH1

V2 CH2

On-screen symbol

L O A D

On-screen symbol

L O A D

Voltage input terminals Current input terminals

TIP

In the case of a current-sensing clamp, the symbol of a current input terminal shown on the CW140 main unit differs from that shown on the display, as indicated in the figures above.

IM CW140-E

NV1 CH1

V3 CH3

On-screen symbol

3-5

3.4 Diagrams of Basic Wiring

(4) 3

(5) 3

φφ

φ3W3i

φφ

Voltage input terminals Current input terminals

φφ

φ4W

φφ

O U

R C

NV1 CH1

U R

V3 CH3

CH2

L O A D

On-screen symbol

L O A D

Voltage input terminals Current input terminals

V2 V3 CH3

NV1 CH1

I1 I3

CH2

On-screen symbol

When connecting the current-sensing clamp, make sure the following polarities and clamp position are correctly identified. 1 When connecting to

the CW140 main unit: H and L polarities

Conductor cable

Power supply side (SOURCE)

2 The clamp should be

positioned in the direction from the power source side to the load side, as indicated by the arrow.

Load side (LOAD)

Connector on the main unit

WARNING

In addition to using the checking wiring function, be sure to verify the actual wiring connections.

3-6

IM CW140-E

- 2-system load -

φφ

(6) 1

φ2W

φφ

××

×2

××

3.4 Diagrams of Basic Wiring

O U

R C E

L O A D

Precautions for Safe Measurement

(7) 1

(8) 3

Voltage input terminals

φφ

××

φ3W

×2

φφ

××

Voltage input terminals

φφ

××

φ3W

×2

φφ

××

Current input terminals On-screen symbol

L O A D

Current input terminals

CH4

On-screen symbol

I2-2

L O A D

CH1

CH2

I1-2

CH3

CH2

I1-2

I2-1

NV1 CH1

O U

R C

NV1

R C

IM CW140-E

Voltage input terminals

NV1

CH1

CH2

I3-1

CH3

I1-2

Current input terminals

CH4

On-screen symbol

I3-2

3-7

3.5 Wiring the Circuit under Test Using External VT/CT

WARNING

• When using an external CT, be careful not to allow the secondary stage of the CT to become open-circuited while the primary stage is being electrified. Otherwise, a high voltage may develop on the secondary stage, causing extreme danger.

• The current under test flows through the bold lines shown in the figure below . For these lines, use wire that has an adequate margin of current-carrying capacity.

If the maximum voltage or current level being measured exceeds the maximum measurement range of the CW140, use an external VT and/or CT. This strategy enables the measurement of voltage or current levels above the maximum range.

If the maximum voltage level exceeds 600 V, attach an external VT. Then, connect the secondary stage of the VT to the voltage input terminals. If the maximum current level exceeds the following value, attach an external CT. Then, connect the secondary stage of the CT to the currentsensing clamp. 200 A, when clamp A (20, 50, 100 and 200 A) is used 500 A, when clamp C (50, 100, 200 and 500 A) is used 1000 A, when clamp B (200, 500 and 1000 A) is used

Example of 1φ2W

S O

U R

C E

Voltage transfomer

TIP

• The CW140 can show the primarystage value even if the scaling function is applied using VT/CT.

SEE ALSO

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function," for details on how to use VT/CT.

• The lowest current range of the CW140 main unit itself is 20 A on full scale and the accuracy also depends on this value. Note therefore that if a CT is used and its secondary output is too small when compared with 20 A, then the error ratio will become higher.

V1Voltage input terminals Current input terminalsN CH1

艎

L O A D

CT Current transfomer

3-8

IM CW140-E

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

The CW140 can be operated with the following three types of power supply.

• Six AA-size alkaline batteries

• AC power supply through an AC adapter (standard accessory) Part number: 788011 Yokogawa’s AC adapter

• Rechargeable NiMH battery pack (optional accessory) part number: 94004

Using AA-size Alkaline Batteries

Alkaline Batteries: “AA”-size [LR6], 1.5V

● Handling Precautions

Observe the following cautionary notes when handling alkaline batteries.

WARNING

• Install the alkaline batteries with the positive and negative polarities correctly positioned, otherwise the battery fluid may leak or the batteries may explode.

• Do not disassemble the batteries, heat them, or throw them into a fire.

• Do not short-circuit the batteries.

• Do not attempt to recharge the batteries.

• Do not solder the batteries.

• When replacing the batteries, replace all of the six units at one time with new ones from the same manufacturer. (Do not use manganese batteries as replacements.)

• If the instrument will not be used for a prolonged period, remove the batteries.

Precautions for Safe Measurement

IM CW140-E

● Operating Hours of Alkaline Batteries

The operating hours of an alkaline battery vary depending on its operating environment and conditions. Refer to the following information.

Operating Hours: Approx. 3 hours Operating Conditions: The LCD backlight is turned off and no floppy drive is connected.

3-9

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

NOTE

• If the voltage of an alkaline battery falls below a given level, the mark appears in the upperright corner of the display (low-battery state). If you continue to operate the CW140 in this state, the meter automatically turns off.

• If the low-battery mark appears during measurement, change the power suppl y to an AC sour ce. Wait until the CW140 finishes or aborts measurement and therefore is ready for shutdown, before replacing the batteries with new ones.

● Procedure for Replacing Alkaline Batteries

Follow the steps below to replace alkaline batteries.

1. Make sure the power switch on the CW140 is turned off and no AC adapter is connected.

2. Remove the battery holder on the back of the CW140.

3. Place six new alkaline batteries in the battery holder.

SEE ALSO

The figure given below. House the batteries with the positive and negative polarities of each battery positioned correctly.

4. Hold the battery holder so that the battery connector on the CW140 correctly mates with the battery holder connector. Then, slide the battery holder into the slot on the CW140 with the holder's two guides engaged in the groove of the slot. Finally, make sure both connectors are precisely mated with each other.

5. Push down the lock switch on one side of the CW140 to fix the battery holder in place. (The label changes to "∆FREE".)

3-10

IM CW140-E

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

Using the AC Adapter (Standard Accessory)

● Handling Precautions

There is a danger of electrical shock or damage to the meter. Observe the following cautionary notes when handling the AC adapter.

WARNING

• Only use the manufacturer-supplied dedicated power cord.

• Before connecting the power cord, make sure the power-source voltage matches the supply voltage rating of the AC adapter.

• Before connecting the power cord, also make sure the power switch on the CW140 is turned off.

• If the CW140 is not to be used for a prolonged period, disconnect the power cord from the outlet.

• Do not use any other AC adapter than the one (part number: 788011) dedicated to the CW140.

• Do not place any load on the power cord or allow the power cord to come into accidental contact with any heat source.

• Be sure to hold the plug of the power cord, rather than holding and pulling the cord itself, when disconnecting it from the outlet.

Precautions for Safe Measurement

IM CW140-E

3-11

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

● Procedure for Connecting the AC Adapter

Follow the steps below to connect the AC adapter.

1. Make sure the power switch on the CW140 is turned off.

2. Attach the clamp filter supplied together with the AC adapter to the outputside cable of the power cord.

SEE ALSO

The figure given below.

Approx. 10 cm

part number: A1193MN

AC-input side

(for connection to the AC power outlet)

Side for connection to the CW140

clamp filter

3. Connect the AC adapter plug to the AC adapter jack of the CW140.

4. Connect the plug of the power cord supplied together with the AC adapter to the power supply connector of the AC adapter.

5. Connect the other end of the power cord to a power outlet that satisfies the power ratings (requirements) shown below.

Power Ratings of AC Adapter

Supply voltage rating 100 to 240 V AC Allowable supply voltage range 90 to 264 V AC Power supply frequency rating 50/60 Hz Allowable power supply frequency range 48 to 62 Hz Maximum power consumption 70 to 90 VA Output voltage rating of AC adapter 12 V DC Maximum output current rating of AC adapter 2.6 A

3-12

IM CW140-E

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

Using a NiMH (Nickel-Hydrogen) Battery Pack (Optional Accessory)

● Handling Precautions

Observe the following cautionary notes when handling the dedicated NiMH battery pack.

Specifications

Voltage : 7.2V Capacity : 2100mAh Number of times can be changed (life cycle) :

Approx. 300times (varies with the operating environment)

WARNING

• Since the electrolyte solution inside the battery pack is alkaline, it may damage any clothing or skin it comes into contact with due to a leakage from or rapture in the battery pack. In particular, if the solution enters an eye it may cause loss of eyesight. Therefore in such a case, thoroughly wash the affected eye with clean water immediately. Then, receive treatment from a doctor right away.

• When replacing the NiMH battery pack, be sure to turn off the power switch of the CW140 meter and remove the power cord from the outlet to avoid possible danger, such as a short in the electric circuit or electrical shock.

• Do not use any other battery pack than the manufacturer-supplied NiMH battery pack (part number: 94004).

• Do not leave the NiMH battery pack in a place that is subject to strong direct sunlight, inside a vehicle under a blazing sun, or near a fire. Doing so may cause a solution leakage, or deterioration in the performance and/or the service life of the battery pack.

• Do not disassemble or modify the battery pack. Doing so may damage the protective properties of the battery pack and cause it to heat up and rapture.

• Do not short the battery electrodes, as this may cause burns due to the battery pack heating up.

• Do not place the battery pack into a fire or apply heat to it. Doing so is dangerous, as there is a risk that it will rupture, scattering electrolyte solution.

• Do not apply excessive shock to the battery pack, for example, by throwing it. Doing so may cause solution leakage, battery pack heating, or a rapture.

• Refrain from using a defective battery pack, such as one with leaking solution, a deformation, discoloring or any other abnormality.

• Avoid any metal coming into contact with the battery pack when carrying it, as there is the danger of a short occurring.

• Do not immerse the battery pack in water or make it wet, as this may cause it to heat up or rust, as well as lead to a loss of functions.

• If the battery pack is not used for a prolonged period, remove it from the CW140 main unit and store it in the following environment:

Storage period of 1 year or less: Temperature of –20°C to 35°C

(in a place with low humidity)

Storage period of 3 months or less: Temperature of –20°C to 45°C

(in a place with low humidity)

Precautions for Safe Measurement

IM CW140-E

3-13

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

● Procedure for Installing the NiMH Battery Pack

Follow the steps below to install the dedicated NiMH battery pack.

1. Make sure the power switch on the CW140 is turned off.

2. If the AC adapter is in use, disconnect the power cord of the AC adapter from the outlet.

3. If alkaline batteries are in use, remove them from the battery holder and install the NiMH battery pack.

5. Push down the lock switch on one side of the CW140 to fix the battery holder in place. (The label changes to "∆FREE".)

SEE ALSO

The figure given below.

3-14

IM CW140-E

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

● Recharging the NiMH Battery Pack

The optional dedicated NiMH battery pack is not fully charged when shipped from the factory. Before use, recharge the battery pack to its full level. When recharging it, use the AC adapter.

WARNING

• When recharging the NiMH battery pack, be sure to do so through the CW140 main unit.

• When recharging the NiMH battery pack, keep the ambient temperature within the range from 10°C to 35°C. Recharging the battery pack outside this range may result in an insufficient amount of charge, solution leakage, or battery heating.

● Procedure for Recharging the NiMH Battery Pack

Follow the steps below to recharge the NiMH battery pack.

1. With the battery pack installed as instructed earlier, connect an AC adapter to the CW140.

2. At this point, keep the power switch on the CW140 turned off. The LED indicator beside the AC adapter jack comes on, indicating that the battery pack is being recharged. When recharging is complete, the LED indicator flashes rapidly.

Precautions for Safe Measurement

NOTE

If the power switch on the CW140 is turned on, the NiMH battery pack is not recharged. In that case, the CW140 is powered from the AC adapter.

IM CW140-E

3-15

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

TIP

• The CW140 is in a wait-for-recharge state when the LED indicator is flashing slowly (lit for approximately one second when on). The meter falls into this state when:

• the ambient temperature is outside the range from 10°C to 35°C;

• the battery performance is remarkably low due to over-discharge or for other reasons; or

• the NiMH battery pack is not installed yet.

• The LED indicator flashes rapidly if:

• the battery temperature rises above 55°C, or

• the ambient temperature changes drastically, indicating that the battery pack has been recharged to its full level. However in practice, the battery pack may not have been recharged completely for some reason.

● Indication that Recharge Is Required

NOTE

• If the voltage of the NiMH battery pack falls below a given level, the mark appears in the upper-right corner of the display (low-battery state). If you continue to operate the CW140 in this state, the meter automatically turns off.

● Operating Hours of NiMH Battery Pack

The operating hours of an NiMH battery pack vary depending on its operating environment and conditions. Refer to the following table.

Operating Hours: Approx. 7 hours Operating Conditions: The LCD backlight is turned off and no floppy drive is connected.

● Service Life of NiMH Battery Pack

The NiMH battery pack can be recharged approximately 300 times, though the frequency depends on its operating environment. The life of the battery pack is over if the low-battery mark appears soon after the battery pack has been fully recharged. Replace the battery pack with a new one.

3-16

IM CW140-E

3.6 Connecting a Power Supply and Turning It On/Off

Startup Screen

When you turn on the power switch on the CW140 main unit, the display successively presents the screens described in paragraphs (1) and (2) below.

(1) Model Name Screen

The CW140 first shows such a screen as illustrated on the right, then performs a self-test.

(2) Message Screen

1Indication of the model name

and version 2 Result of SRAM test 3 Result of backup SRAM test 4 Result of EEPROM 5Indication of function code 6 Result of RTC (real-time clock)

test 7 Result of floppy disk controller

test 8 Result of checking setup data 9 Result of internal flash memory

disk test

CW140 Ver.0.00 SRAM Check Ok Battery Backup SRAM Check Ok EEPROM OK Function Code ...00000000 RTC Check Ok FDC Check Ok Setting Ok Flash Disk Ok

Precautions for Safe Measurement

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

NOTE

If an error is found with any of the tests shown on the Message screen discussed in paragraph 2 above, the CW140 shows information about that error.

See Section 18.1, "Corrective Actions in Case of Failure," for more information.

IM CW140-E

3-17

3.7 Performing Measurements with Higher

Precision

To perform measurements with higher precision, use the CW140 under the following environmental conditions.

Ambient temperature: 23 ±5°C Ambient humidity: 35 to 75% RH (no condensation)

If installing the CW140 in a location where the ambient humidity is 30% or less, use such equipment as an anti-static mat to prevent electrostatic discharge.

If you move the CW140 from an area of low temperature and humidity to an area of high humidity and temperature or if there is a sudden change in the ambient temperature, condensation may occur in the meter. If this happens, let the meter stand still for at least one hour to allow it to adapt to the new ambient temperature and for condensation to dissolve. Then, begin operating the meter.

● Relationship between Clamp and Conductor

1 When performing a

measurement, hold the clamp-on probe so that the conductor cable runs through the center of the clamping CT.

2 Ensure that the orientation

of the clamp to the direction of the conductor cable (from the power supply to the load) is correct, as shown on the right.

3 Ensure that the clamping

CT is properly closed.

Conductor cable

Joint section

Clamping CT

Power supply side (SOURCE)

Load side (LOAD)

3-18

IM CW140-E

Chapter 4. Basic Operation Flow and Top Menu Screen

4.1 Basic Operation Flow

AC adapter

Supply power to CW140

AA alkaline batteries NiMH battely pack

Turn on power of CW140

Opening message

When you use the CW140 with the most recently used settings.

Same status as last time

power was turned off

Press the TOP MENU key to

rertrieve the Top Menu.

Selection of mode

Measurement Mode

Instantaneous value measurement Electric energy measurement Demand measurement Harmonics measurement

Press key (SETUP) to make and modify settings each mode.

TOP MENU

When you want to modify settings

Setting Mode

System settings <Chapter 5> File handling <Chapter 6>

Go to the Top Menu for first-time use after delivery.

Handy for electric energy measurement

Settings at end of last measurement Setting condition 1 Setting condition 2 Setting condition 3 Setting condition 4

Basic Operation Flow and Top Menu Screen

IM CW140-E

Calls up wiring settings <Section 7.1> Calls up voltage range settings <Section 7.3> Calls up current (ampere) range settings <Section 7.3>

Perform wiring

When you do not want to check the wiring.

Press to check the wiring. <Section 7.2>

Perfoem measurement Press key when you want to

perform measurement continuously

4-1

4.2 Top Menu Screen

The Top Menu is used to select measurement and setting modes. Press the

key to retrieve the Top Menu.

● Modes Displayed on Top Menu

Key operation

Measurement Mode See

Instantaneous value measurement Chapter 8 Electric energy measurement Chapter 9 Demand measurement Chapter 11 Harmonics measurement Chapter 12

● Top Menu Display and Selecting Modes

Retrieves the Top Menu.

Using the Cursor key, select the desired mode. (It becomes highlighted.)

Setting Mode See

System settings Chapter 5 File handling Chapter 6

TOP MENU

The selected mode screen appears.

TIP

You can also use the key to select the electric energy mode.

4-2

IM CW140-E

Chapter 5. System Settings

5.1 System Settings

This section describes system settings, including calculation selection, auxiliary function settings, and RS-232-C settings. Each setting has been set to the default value before shipment and should be changed as required.

● Screen Configuration

The System Setting screen consists of 2 pages, pages 1/2 and 2/2.

SEE ALSO

For the contents of each screen and setting details, see Table "System Settings" on pages 5-2 and 5-3.

● Basic Operation for Setting/Modification

Key operation

Retrieves the Top Menu.

Using the Cursor key, select the system setting. (It becomes highlighted.)

SYSTEM SET

SYSTEM RESET

Select system setting.

(It becomes highlighted.)

System setting screen appears.

Using the Cursor key, select an item to set.

TOP MENU

System Setting

ESC

IM CW140-E

Using the function keys, change the settings on screen 1/2.

Press the F5 key, to change the next screen.

Using the function keys, change the settings on screen 2/2.

Applies the changes you made to the settings.

Press the escape key to cancel all the changes you made.

5-1

5.1 System Settings

System Settings 1/2

Screen

Reactive power

method

Frequency

source

Low-pass filter

(Frequency

measurement)

VT ratio

(Ratio of voltage

transformation)

CT ratio

(Ratio of current

transformation)

1/2

Item Items to be selected See also Default

ON (The method is used) OFF (The method is not used)

To be changed →

Displays the selectable items in the center of the screen.

ON (Selected) OFF (Not selected)

Set to a value within 1 to 10,000.

Select the desired setting.

Section 8.6, "Computational Expressions"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Low-pass Filters"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Lowpass Filters"

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function"

OFF: The method is not used

OFF

Move to the digit to be changed.

Input values.

–

Set to a value within 0.01 to 10,000.

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function"

Move to the digit to be changed.

Input values.

–

Clamp selection 20–200 A

Clamp A (20–200 A) Clamp B (200–1000 A) Clamp C (50–500 A)

Number of

averaging

cycles

Backlight (LCD)

auto-off when

LIGHT

key is ON

Contrast (LCD) Section 17.1,

Beep Section 17.1,

+ OFF

→

2 → 3 → ... 10 → OFF

→

– OFF

10 → 9 → ... 2 → OFF

ON (Auto-off when no key action is

performed for 10 minutes)

OFF (Not used)

Adjusts LCD's contrast (1 to 8).

Input values.

–

ON (Beeps for every key action) OFF (Not used)

Power-saving

mode (LCD)

ON (Used) OFF (Not used)

Section 7.6, "Averaging Function"

Section 17.1, "Auxiliary Functions"

"Auxiliary Functions"

Section 17.1, "Auxiliary Functions"

5-2

Clamp A

OFF (Not used)

OFF

IM CW140-E

System Settings 2/2

5.1 System Settings

Screen

RS-232C settings

2/2

Item Items to be selected See also Default

Connected instrument

Baud rate

Data length

Parity Section 15.1,

Stop bit

Busy control OFF/OFF

Printer PC

To be changed →

1200/2400/4800/9600/19200 bps

7 8

None Odd Even

1 bit 2 bit

For printer

OFF/OFF XON/XOFF

CS/RS

Displays the selectable items in the center of the screen.

For PC

Select to highlight the desired setting.

OFF/OFF XON/XOFF XON/RS CS/RS

Section 17.3, "Optional Printer"

Section 15.1, "RS-232C Interface Specifications"

"RS-232C Interface Specifications"

Section 15.1, "RS-232C Interface Specifications"

Section 15.3, "Handshaking Methods"

9600 bps

None

1 bit

(No handshaking)

System Setting

Date/Time Section 17.1,

Language

IM CW140-E

Input values.

– Applies the changes

Selects the item to be changed. Year ↔ Month ↔ Day ↔ Time

(CHANGE) Press this key.

English Francais

Deutsch Italiano Español

Use the cursor key to select the language.

Press this key to confirm the selection.

"Auxiliary Functions"

Section 17.1, "Auxiliary Functions"

JST Japan Standard Time

English

5-3

5.2 System Reset

This section describes how to restore the default settings for all of the system settings (except for date, time and language). The language set before the reset can not be changed even if the system reset is executed. (Refer to “Selecting Language” on page 17-1.)

● Top Menu Operation

Key operation

Retrieves the Top Menu.

Using the Cursor key, select to highlight the system settings.

SYSTEM SET

SYSTEM RESET

Select the system reset.

(It becomes highlighted.)

A message requesting confirmation appears.

TOP MENU

● System Reset

System reset confirmation screen

All parameters will be initialized to default. Proceed?

Enter key: YES ESC key: NO

5-4

Executes system reset.

Press the key to cancel execution of system reset

ESC

and to return to the previous screen.

If system reset has been executed, the following message appears:

System reset executed. All parameters are initialized to default.

Enter key: OK

Retrieves the Top Menu.

IM CW140-E

Chapter 6. File Handling

6.1 File Handling

This section describes how to format memory or a floppy disk, and make modifications to saved files.

● Top Menu Operation

Key operation

TOP MENU

Retrieves the Top Menu.

Using the Cursor key, select file handling. (It becomes highlighted.)

The file handling screen appears.

File Handling

Select a desired item. (It becomes highlighted.)

The respective screen

SEE ALSO

For details on making settings, see Table "File Handling Items".

● File Handling Items

Change file name: Renames a saved file. Delete file: Deletes a saved file. FD format: Formats a floppy disk. Memory format: Formats internal memory. Data copy: Copies a file in internal memory to a floppy disk. Program update: Refer to NOTE on page 6-3.

TIP

To use the floppy disk items, an optional floppy disk drive is required.

IM CW140-E

6-1

6.1 File Handling

File Handling Items 1/2

Item Description Message

Change file name Select media.

MEMORY FD

Select media.

Selects a file to rename.

Enter a new name (Refer to Section 6.3).

Delete file Select media.

MEMORY FD

Select media.

Selects a file to delete. Cancels selection of a file. Selects all files on screen.

Selected file will be deleted.

Selected file will be deleted. Proceed?

ENTER key: YES ESC key: NO

Cancels selection of all files. NEXT screen.

Asterisk (*) is displayed on the left of selected file.

File deleted.

ENTER key: OK

Delete confirmation screen appears.

FD format Format FD.

1.44 MB

1.2 MB

Select capacity type.

Format FD. (_MB) ENTER key: YES ESC key: NO

Now formatting. (_MB) Format complete. (_MB)

ENTER key: OK

Memory format Format internal memory?

Formats memory.

ENTER key: YES ESC key: NO

6-2

Now formatting Format complete.

ENTER key: OK

IM CW140-E

6.1 File Handling

File Handling Items 2/2

Item Description Message

Data copy Selected file will be copied to FD.

SEE ALSO

For more about file names and attributes, see Section 6.2.

Selects a file to copy. Cancels selection of a file.

Selects all files on screen. Cancels selection of all files. Shows more files.

Astersik (*) is displayed on the left of selected file.

Copy confirmation screen appears.

● File Description

Example :

WTH001.SET

File name

Date: Y ear/Month/Day

Proceed? ENTER key: YES ESC key: NO

Copying Copy complete.

2000/01/01

ENTER key: OK

00:00

Time

WTH

File attribute

File Handling

● How to Select (Specify) File

Using the Cursor key, select a file. (It becomes highlighted.)

Press the F1 key to confirm the selection.

Asterisk (*) is displayed on the left of selected file.

A message requesting confirmation appears.

To select all files, press the key. To cancel one file, press the key. To cancel all files, press the key.

NOTE

Do not execute program update item. It is only for maintenance.

IM CW140-E

6-3

6.2 File Name and File Attribute

This section describes file names and attributes. The file name (to be specified) can consist of up to eight alphanumeric characters.

SEE ALSO

Section 6.3, “Entering a File Name” for more information on how to enter a file name.

If you do not specify any file name, the CW140 gives the file a default name as follows. Example:

DINS

xxx. CSV

↑

To this field the CW140 allocates the smallest number, between 000 to 999, that has not yet been used.

● Saving Data during Continuous Measurement in Each Mode

Measurement Mode

Instant Measure mode Electric Energy Measure mode Demand Measure mode Harmonics Measure mode

Continuous Measurement

Logging Integration Demand Logging

● Saving Data with File Functions ( ) in Each Mode

(see also Chapter 13, “File Functions”)

Measurement Mode

Instant Measure mode Electric Energy Measure mode Demand Measure mode Harmonics Measure mode

File Name

DINSXXX. CSV DWTHXXX. CSV DDEMXXX. CSV DHRMXXX. CSV

Measurement Mode

Instant Measure mode Electric Energy Measure mode Demand Measure mode Harmonics Measure mode

File Name

MINSXXX. CSV MWTHXXX. CSV MDEMXXX. CSV MHRMXXX. CSV

Measurement Mode

Instant Measure mode Electric Energy Measure mode Demand Measure mode Harmonics Measure mode

File Name

INSXXX. SET WTHXXX. SET DEMXXX. SET HRMXXX. SET

File Name

AINSXXX. CSV AWTHXXX. CSV ADEMXXX. CSV AHRMXXX. CSV

File Attribute

AINS AWTH ADEM AHRM

File Attribute

DINS DWTH DDEM DHRM

File Attribute

MINS MWTH MDEM MHRM

File Attribute

INS WTH DEM HRM

6-4

IM CW140-E

6.3 Entering a File Name

You can enter a file name of up to 8 alphanumeric characters (including symbols).

● Operation Keys

: Use this key to select an alphanumeric character or symbol.

(INPUT):Places each selected character in the file name field. (BS): Backspace

Deletes a character immediately before the cursor. (←): Moves the cursor in the file name field one character to the left. (→): Moves the cursor in the file name field one character to the right.

● Entering a File Name

: Use this key to select a character.

(INPUT): Places each selected character in the file name field.

File Handling

File name field

Character selection area

The cursor moves to the right. Repeat step above for up to 8 characters.

: Press this key to confirm the file name.

IM CW140-E

6-5

6.3 Entering a File Name

● If There is Another File with the Same Name When Saving

The following message appears.

Same file name already exists. Overwrite?

Enter key: YES ESC key: NO

: Press this key to overwrite the existing file.

ESC

: Press this key to cancel.

If you do not want to overwrite the existing file, enter another file name.

6-6

IM CW140-E

Chapter 7. Common Functions of All Modes

Wiring Voltage (RMS) Input Current (RMS) Input

1φ2W V1 I1

(CH1)

1φ3W V1 V2 I1 I2

(CH1) (CH2)

3φ3W V1 V3 I1 I3

(CH1) (CH3)

3φ3W3i V1 V3 I1 I2 I3

(CH1) (CH2) (CH3)

3φ4W V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3

(CH1) (CH2) (CH3)

Wiring Voltage (RMS) Input Load Current (RMS) Input

1φ2W×2V1 Load 1 I1-1 (CH1)

Load 2 I1-2 (CH2)

1φ3W×2V1V2 Load 1 I1-1 (CH1), I2-1 (CH2)

Load 2 I1-2 (CH3), I2-2 (CH4)

3φ3W×2V1V3Load 1 I1-1 (CH1), I3-1 (CH2)

Load 2 I1-2 (CH3), I3-2 (CH4)

7.1 Wiring

This section describes how to select and change the type of wiring to measure and wiring check function. To select and change the type of wiring to measure, press the key on the measurement screen.

Refer to Section 3.4, "Diagrams of Basic Wiring." The wiring diagram will be displayed in the wiring check function.

The following marks will be displayed to show the input terminals of the voltage probe and current sensing clamp.

Common Functions of All Modes

2-system load

TIP

The indications I1 to I3 correspond to the wiring displayed on the screen. The indications CH1 to CH4 correspond to the current input terminals.

IM CW140-E

7-1

7.1 Wiring

1φ2W

1φ3W

3φ3W

3φ3W3i

NEXT→&

3φ4W

1φ2W×2

1φ3W×2

3φ3W×2

NEXT→&

Changes the labels to

Changes the labels back to

● Selecting Measured Wiring Type

Follo the steps below to set up the wiring in each measurement mode.

Press the key to reveal the screen for selection.

Press the corresponding key to select the type of wiring to measure.

Select the power line type to proceed to the wiring check.

To check: See Section 7.2, "Checking Wiring" To not check: Return to the measurement screen.

NOTE

• The type of wiring cannot be changed during continuous measurement.

• It also cannot be changed when in electric energy mode and the elapsed time, “PASSAGE TIME”, is not at zero, or in demand mode and the remaining time, “DEMAND REST TIME”, is not at zero.

• Be sure to press the key for three seconds or more and then clear the integrated value before changing the type of wiring.

7-2

IM CW140-E

7.2 Checking Wiring

WARNING

• Checking wiring is important to ensuring safe performance and accurate measurement. Refer to Chapter 3 and then carry out the necessary precautions for safe measurement and ensure that the connections have been made correctly.

• Make sure the connection of the voltage probe, and H/L directions and measurement positions of the current sensing clamp are correct.

● Check Items

The following items will be checked and judged, and then the results of each item will be displayed as either OK or NG.

VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT INPUT VOLT. PHASE SEQUENCE (for three-phase only) CLAMP DIRECTION ERR. FREQUENCY SOURCE*

SEE ALSO

Page 7-5, “Check Items.”

Common Functions of All Modes

NOTE

• Measurement is not performed while wiring is being checked (D/A output is 0 V).

• Voltage and current ranges are set to AUTO while wiring is being checked and will retrieve the preset value after checking.

* Frequency source

The frequency source indicates the source selected for measuring the frequency of voltage inputs (V1 to V3) and current inputs (CH1 to CH4) in the system settings.

IM CW140-E

7-3

7.2 Checking Wiring

Check List CHECK ITEM RESULT VOLTAGE INPUT OK

CRRENT INPUT OK VOLT. PHASE SEQUENCE

CLAMP DIRECTION ERR

.NG FREQUENCY SOURCE OK CHECK END

CHECK : when checking

● Checking Wiring

Follow the steps below to check the wiring. Press the

Check wiring?

key, and the message shown below appears.

Press corresponding key:

To check To not check

(YES)

(NO) (Returns to the measurement screen.)

(YES): The wiring diagram corresponding to the selected power line

type will be displayed. To carry out the check (CHECK) To return to the measurement screen

(END)

(CHECK): Selecting CHECK runs the wiring check program, and then

displays the results of the check of each item as OK or NG.

• If all check results are OK, press the (END) key to return to the

• If one or more check results are NG, press:

7-4

measurement screen and proceed to measurement.

(CHECK): Press this key to check the wiring again after any

miswiring has been corrected.

(ERROR): Press this key to view the error details. (ITEM): Press this key to view the check list. (WIRE FIG): Press this key to view the wiring diagram for the

selected power line type.

(END): Press this key to quit the wiring check and return to the

measurement screen.

IM CW140-E

● Check Item

The table below shows check items and error conditions. If one ore more check results are NG, the corresponding error messages appear.

Item Error condition Error message

1. Voltage input

2. Current input

3. Voltage phase sequence

4. Clamp direction erro

5. Frequency source

10% or less of range

1% or less of range

• The result of checking item 1 "Voltage input" is NG.

•For three-phase three-wire line:

V3 leads V1 by more than approximately 80° or less than approximately 40°.

•For three-phase four-wire line:

V2 lags behind V1 by more than approximately 140° or less than approximately 100°, or V3 leads V1 by approximately more than 140° or less than approximately 100°.

• The active power is 0.17% or less of the rated voltage.

•Power for one or more phases is negative (The power for the whole three-phase three-wire line is negative). This does not apply when regenerative energy is used.

•Frequency measurement is unstable.

• Input frequency is 40 Hz or less, or

1.2 kHz or more.

7.2 Checking Wiring

No voltage input. Check VOLTAGE CLIP connection. No current input. Check CURRENT CLAMP connection. Possibility of wrong voltage wiring. Check VOLTAGE CLIP wiring.

Common Functions of All Modes

Polarity of CURRENT CLAMP is inverse. Check the direction of CURRENT CLAMP.

Frequency source is not stable. Select a stable frequency source.

NOTE

As the CW140 judges wiring according to the conditions listed above, there may be some cases where the check result of correct wiring is NG, and vice versa. If measurement values appear erroneous, check these conditions and re-check the wiring.

IM CW140-E

7-5

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

Selecting Voltage and Current Ranges

● Voltage Range

Press this key to change and set the voltage range. Fixed ranges: 150 V, 300 V, and 600 V AUTO range

Pressing the select the voltage range as shown below. Press the corresponding function key to select the desired range.

150V 300V 600V AUTO

● Current Range

Selecting Clamp Type:

Clamp A (Model: 96030): Fixed ranges: 20 A, 50 A, 100 A, and 200 A Clamp C (Model: 96031): Fixed ranges: 50 A, 100 A, 200 A, and 500 A

Clamp B (Model: 96032): Fixed ranges: 200 A, 500 A, and 1000 A Selecting between clamp type A, B and C can be made on the last page for each mode or the system setting screen.

: Clamp A (20-200 A) : Clamp B (200-1000 A) : Clamp C (50-500 A)

The default setting is Clamp A.

key changes the function key labels to allow you to

7-6

IM CW140-E

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

Press the key and select the desired current range from AUTO, and

fixed ranges (varies depending on the clamp type selected).

Pressing the A RANGE key changes the function key labels to allow you to

select the current range as shown below.

Clamp A

Clamp C

Clamp B

20A 50A 100A 200A AUTO

50A 100A 200A 500A AUTO

200A 500A 1000A AUTO

Press the corresponding function key to select the desired range.

NOTE

If continuous measurement (logging, integration, or demand) is performed when in AUTO range, the range will be fixed to the value when the START&STOP key is pressed.

TIP

• Ranges cannot be changed during continuous measurement.

• It also cannot be changed when in electric energy mode and the elapsed time, “PASSAGE TIME”, is not at zero, or in demand mode and the remaining time, “DEMAND REST TIME” is not at zero.

• Be sure to press the key for 3 seconds or more and then clear the integrated value before changing the ranges.

● Use of AUTO Range

If measurement is performed when in AUTO range, the range may become unstable due to the input of irregular pulse waveforms. In this case, change the range to a fixed value and restart measurement.

Common Functions of All Modes

IM CW140-E

When in AUTO range measurement, voltage and current ranges change, which may result in different ranges for the same power or measured value.

7-7

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

● Active/Reactive/Apparent Power Ranges

The active, reactive and apparent power ranges are determined by the voltage, current ranges and wiring as shown below:

Wiring Power range

1φ2W Voltage range × current range 1φ3W

3φ3W Voltage range × current range × 2 3φ3Wi

3φ4W Voltage range × current range × 3

● Range Configuration (Full Scale)

The table below shows active power ranges corresponding to the voltage and current ranges. Each value in the table is its full scale value.

Voltage

range

(V)

150.0

300.0

600.0

Current range for clamp A : 20/50/100/200A Model : 96030 Current range for clamp C : 50/100/200/500A Model : 96031 Current range for clamp B : 200/500/1000A Model : 96032

Wiring

1φ2W 3.000 kW 7.500 kW 15.00 kW 30.00 kW 75.00kW 150.0kW 1φ3W 6.000 kW 15.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 150.0kW 300.0kW 3φ3W 6.000 kW 15.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 150.0kW 300.0kW 3φ4W 9.000 kW 22.50 kW 45.00 kW 90.00 kW 225.0kW 450.0kW

1φ2W 6.000 kW 15.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 150.0kW 300.0kW 1φ3W 12.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 120.0 kW 300.0kW 600.0kW 3φ3W 12.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 120.0 kW 300.0kW 600.0kW 3φ4W 18.00 kW 45.00 kW 90.00 kW 180.0 kW 450.0kW 900.0kW

1φ2W 12.00 kW 30.00 kW 60.00 kW 120.0 kW 300.0kW 600.0kW 1φ3W 24.00 kW 60.00 kW 120.0 kW 240.0 kW 600.0kW 1200kW 3φ3W 24.00 kW 60.00 kW 120.0 kW 240.0 kW 600.0kW 1200kW 3φ4W 36.00 kW 90.00 kW 180.0 kW 360.0 kW 900.0kW 1800kW

Current range (A)

Clamp B (200-1000A)

Clamp C (50-500A)

Clamp A (20-200A)

20.00 50.00 100.0 200.0 500.0 1000

TIP

• For reactive and apparent power, the same table applies, however, the units of measurement are different.

For reactive power: kVar For apparent power: kVA

• If the VT or PT ratio is set to a value other than 1, multiply each value in the table by the ratio.

7-8

IM CW140-E

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

Input frequency

Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

45 to 99.99 Hz 99.99 Hz

100 to 999.9 Hz 999.9 Hz

1 to 1.2 kHz 1.200 kHz

● Display Digit

Display digit, position of decimal point, and unit of measurement are shown in the tables below. The maximum display digit for voltage, current, frequency, and power is four (9999).

Voltage

Range × VT ratio

150 to 999.9 V 999.9 V

1 to 9.999 kV 9.999 kV

10 to 99.99 kV 99.99 kV 100 to 999.9 kV 999.9 kV 1 to 6 MV 6.000 MV

Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

Current

Range × CT ratio

200 to 999.9 mA 999.9 mA

1 to 9.999 A 9.999 A

10 to 99.99 A 99.99 A

100 to 999.9 A 999.9 A

1 to 9.999 kA 9.999 kA

10 to 99.99 kA 99.99 kA

100 to 999.9 kA 999.9 kA

1 to 9.999 MA 9.999 MA

10 to 99.99 MA 99.99 MA

Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

Frequency

Common Functions of All Modes

IM CW140-E

7-9

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

Power

Rated power × VT ratio × CT ratio Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

30 to 99.99 W 99.99 W

100 to 999.9 W 999.9 W

1 to 9.999 kW 9.999 kW

10 to 99.99 kW 99.99 kW

100 to 999.9 kW 999.9 kW

1 to 9.999 MW 9.999 MW

10 to 99.99 MW 99.99 MW

100 to 999.9 MW 999.9 MW

1 to 9.999 GW 9.999 GW

10 to 99.99 GW 99.99 GW

100 to 999.9 GW 999.9 GW

1 to 9.999 TW 9.999 TW

10 to 99.99 TW 99.99 TW

100 to 999.9 TW 999.9 TW

Electric Energy

The maximum display digit for electric energy is six (999999). Display of Electric energy can select the position of decimal point and unit of

measurement. This selection can be set on page 2/3 of setup screen for Electric energy and

Demand measurement modes. When selecting STANDARD for position of decimal point, the position of

decimal point and unit of measurement are automatically set following table.

Rated power × VT ratio × CT ratio

(× demand period time: hours)*

1to9.999 W 0.00 to 9999.99 Wh

10 to 99.99 W 0.0 to 99999.9 Wh

100 to 999.9 W 0.000 to 999.999 kWh

1to9.999 kW 0.00 to 9999.99 kWh

10 to 99.99 kW 0.0 to 99999.9 kWh

100 to 999.9 kW 0.000 to 999.999 MWh

1to9.999 MW 0.00 to 9999.99 MWh

10 to 99.99 MW 0.0 to 99999.9 MWh

100 to 999.9 MW 0.000 to 999.999 GWh

1to9.999 GW 0.00 to 9999.99 GWh

10 to 99.99 GW 0.0 to 99999.9 GWh

100 to 999.9 GW 0 to 999999 GWh

1to9.999 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

10 to 99.99 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

100 to 999.9 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

* : When Demand measurement mode, Electric energy of period is obtained by

multiplying Demand period time (unit: hours)additionally.

Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

For electric energy, if the measured value exceeds the maximum displayable value, the display value will be reset to zero (e.g. 999.999 kWh → 0.000 kWh).

7-10

IM CW140-E

Electric energy

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

999.999 kWh

In the graph, this will be shown as follows.

For lagging reactive energy and leading reactive energy, the unit of measurement is Varh.

● Switching Ranges in AUTO Range

When you select AUTO range, the ranges will be automatically switched depending on the condition below. Effective measurement range: 10% to 110% of each range

(Up to 600 V for the 600 V range)

WARNING

Do not apply a voltage of more than 600 Vrms to the voltage range.

Switching to upper range

For RMS value: When the RMS value becomes 110% or more of the

rated range.

For sampled value: When the sampled value becomes 300% or more of

the rated range.

Switching to lower range

For RMS value: When the RMS value becomes 30% or less of the

rated range.

For sampled value: When the sampled value becomes about 300% or

more of the rated range (lower range after switching) as a result of switching range, switching will not be performed.

Time

Common Functions of All Modes

TIP

• Switching is performed depending on the largest input among the voltage inputs V1, V2, and V3. The selected range will be applied to all inputs.

• Switching is performed depending on the largest input among the current inputs CH1 to CH4. The selected range will be applied to all inputs.

IM CW140-E

7-11

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

Switching voltage ranges in AUTO range

Voltage range

(RMS)

600V

30V

300V

15V

150V

0 100V

60V

90V

180V

165V

200V 300V

To upper range

330V

400V 500V 600V

To lower range

600V

Input voltage

7-12

IM CW140-E

Switching current ranges in AUTO range

Clamp A : 20A/50A/100A/200A

Current range

200A

100A

20A

10A

30A

60A

7.3 Ranges and Number of Digits

(RMS)

220A

110A

50A

15A 2A

20A

Clamp B : 200A/500A/1000A

Current range

1000A

500A

200A

Clamp C : 50A/100A/200A/500A

Current range

500A

100A

50A

150A

20A

50A

55A

22A

50A0 100A 150A 200A

(RMS)

700A

300A

550A

220A

(RMS)

150A

within 5 minutes

1000A200A 400A 600A 800A

Input current

1000A

Input current

550A

Common Functions of All Modes

200A

100A

50A

20A

10A

30A 5A

60A

110A

55A

220A

TIP

During switching, the value "----" will be temporarily displayed.

IM CW140-E

500A100A 200A 300A 400A

Input current

7-13

7.4 Sampling Frequencies and Integration Periods

This section describes periods for which the sampling and integrating of measured values are performed.

● Sampling in Instant, Electric Energy, or Demand Mode

Sampling period: Approx. 10 kHz

Integration period: 120 msec

Frequency measurement input

(Sine wave)

Zero crossing signal

50 Hz

20 msec

100 msec

The integration period synchronizes with the zero crossing signal of the frequency measurement input and is defined as a time period which begins with fixed time (100 ms) and ends with the next leading edge of the zero crossing signal. The voltage and current RMS, power, and reactive power (when only the reactive power method is used) values are calculated during the integration period. Example:

Frequency (Hz) Integration period (msec) Number of sine waves

50 120 6 60 116.67 7

400 102.5 41

1K 101 101

7-14

IM CW140-E

Frequency measurement input

(Sine wave)

Zero crossing signal

7.4 Sampling Frequencies and Integration Periods

● Sampling in Harmonics Mode

(for Fundamental Wave Frequency of 45 to 65 Hz)

50 Hz

20 msec

Two periods

256 256

512 samples

Calculation time

The sampling period synchronizes with the zero crossing signal of the frequency measurement input a PLL. Two periods' worth of samples (i.e., 512 samples) are used to perform the calculation of harmonic parameters.

TIP

In the examples shown above, the waves are sine waves (50 Hz) generated by using the voltage input V1.

Common Functions of All Modes

IM CW140-E

7-15

7.5 Frequency Measurement and Lowpass Filters

This section describes frequency measurement and settings for a low-pass filter.

● Frequency Measurement Range

Normal measurement: 45 Hz to 1 kHz Harmonics mode: 45 Hz to 65 Hz (fundamental wave frequency) Three-phase unbalance rate:45 Hz to 440 Hz

● Frequency Source Setting

Frequency source can be selected from voltage inputs V1 to V3 and current inputs CH1 to CH4. The default setting is V1. The frequency source setting depends on the wiring setting.

Key operation

The frequency source can be set on page 1/2 of the system setting screen or the last page of setup screen in each measurement mode by pressing the key.

<Example: Instant mode>

(SETUP): Press this key on the Instant mode. (NEXT): Press this key to select page 2/3 of setup screen.

(NEXT): Press this key again to select page 3/3 of setup screen.

Using the Cursor key, select the frequency source item. (It becomes highlighted.)

(CHANGE): Press this key to display selectable items (for wiring) in

the center of the screen.

FREQUENCY SOURDE SETTING

V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3

Using the Cursor key, select the desired item.

Confirms the selection. Confirms the settings.

Return to the measurement screen.

7-16

IM CW140-E

7.5 Frequency Measurement and Low-pass Filters

● Low-pass Filter Setting

The low-pass filter can be used in the frequency measurement circuit to eliminate noise from inverted waveforms and distorted waveforms for accurate frequency measurement. The filter cuts off frequencies of 300 Hz or lower.

Key operation

As with frequency source setting, the low-pass filter can be set on page 1/2 of the system setting screen or on the last page of the setup screen in each measurement mode by pressing the OFF.

Using the Cursor key, select the item “Low-pass filter.”

:ON

Press either key to select the desired setting.

: OFF

Confirms the selection.

key. The default value is

Common Functions of All Modes

IM CW140-E

7-17

7.6 Averaging Function

As power in the measured lines may greatly fluctuate, the CW140 is facilitated with a function to calculate the moving average. The averaging function can be set to on or off on page 1/2 of the system setting screen or on the last page of the setup screen in each measurement mode.

Selected number of averaging: 2 to 10 cycles

● Moving Average Equation

Dn = (Mn – (m – 1) + Mn – (m – 2) +

m cycles

m: Number of averaging cycles to be set Mn: Measured value at nth measurement Dn: Moving average at nth measurement (on-screen reading)

TIP

• The averaging function cannot be used when in harmonics measure mode because the sampling method used in this mode is different from other modes.

• For integrated values of electric power and demand, the averaging function does not work even if it is set to on.

...

+ Mn – 1 + Mn) / m

SEE ALSO

For details on the settings, see page 1/2 of the system setting screen, p 5-2, or the last page of the setup screen in each measurement mode:

Instant mode: p. 8-13 Electric energy mode: p. 9-11 Demand mode: p. 11-12

7-18

IM CW140-E

7.7 Scaling Function (VT/CT)

If your system has an external VT (Voltage Transformer) or CT (Current Transformer) and uses its secondary output as an input, the scaling function can be used to display the primary value of VT or CT after calculation by setting VT ratio and CT ratio.

Default value: VT ratio: 1

CT ratio: 1

Setting Range

VT ratio 1 to 10000 CT ratio 0.01 to 10000

Example:

If VT: 2200 V → 110 V (20 : 1) then set VT ratio to 20. If CT: 100 A → 5 A (20 : 1) then set CT ratio to 20.

Display Value

Voltage: Voltage range × VT ratio Current: Current range × CT ratio Power: Rated power × VT ratio × CT ratio

If VT or CT ratio is set to a value other than 1, the the upper-left corner of the screen.

SEE ALSO

For the settings of VT and CT ratios, see page 1/2 of the system setting screen, p. 5-2, or the last page of setup screen in each measurement mode:

Instant mode: p. 8-13 Electric energy mode: p. 9-11 Demand mode: p. 11-12 Harmonics mode: p. 12-12

mark is displayed in

Common Functions of All Modes

IM CW140-E

7-19

Chapter 8. Instant Measure Mode

8.1 Detailed View of Data Items on Instant

Measure Mode Screen

In Instant Measure mode, the CW140 measures and calculates the data items listed below and displays the results.

● Display of Measured/Calculated Values

Voltage (rms value) (V) Active power (W) Power factor Current (rms value) (A) Reactive power 1 (Var) Phase angle (°)

Reactive power 2 (Var) Frequency (Hz) Apparent power (VA) Unbalance factor (%)

(Three-phase system)

Measured data items: Rms-value voltage, rms-value current, active power,

reactive power 1 and frequency

Calculated data items: Reactive power 2, apparent power, power factor,

phase angle and three-phase unbalance factor

SEE ALSO

Section 8.6, "Computational Expressions," for details on the computational expressions.

Instant Measure Mode

● Selection of Reactive Power Method

Reactive power 1: With reactive power meter method. Reactive power 2: Without reactive power meter method.

SEE ALSO

Section 8.6, "Computational Expressions," for details on the computational e xpressions when either the reactive power method is used or not used.

Selecting whether or not to use the method can be made in two ways:

• Press the key and set the data item "Reactive Power Method" on setting screen 3/3 to ON or OFF; or

• Retrieve the System Setting screen to make a selection. See the list of setup data items on each of these screens.

IM CW140-E

8-1

8.1 Detailed View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen

● Instant Measure Mode Screen

Press the key to show the TOP MENU screen.

Using the cursor key, select (INSTANT MEASURE).

Then, press the key.

The Instant Measure Mode screen appears.

Display of measured/calculated values

Display of setup conditions

● Three-phase Unbalance Factor

This data item is shown only when a three-phase wiring method is applied. The frequency range is specified as 45 to 440 Hz.

8-2

IM CW140-E

8.1 Detailed View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen

● Display of Setup Conditions

As setup conditions, the screen shows the settings of the following four data items.

WIRING: V RANGE: F SOURCE: A RANGE:

• Changing the Setup Conditions WIRING field: Change with the

V RANGE field: Change with the A RANGE field: Change with the key,

F SOURCE field: Shows the input signal whose frequency is being

measured. To change the setting of the data item "Frequency Source," select the Instant Setting screen by pressing the key twice to show page 3/3 of the screen. The default value is V1. Now change the setting and press the (CHANGE) key.

key,



key,

and then press the



relevant function key.



(SETUP) key. Then, press the

Instant Measure Mode

FREQUENCY SOURCE

V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3

Press the key.

SEE ALSO

Page 7-16, for details on the setting of the data item "Frequency Source."

IM CW140-E

8-3

8.2 Working with the Function Keys

This section explains how the function keys for the Instant Measure mode work.

(CHANGE): Switches between the DETAILS and EXPAND display

modes (see Section 8.3, "Expanded View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen").

(SETUP): Shows setup data items of the Instant Measure mode

(see Section 8.5, "Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode") on pages 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 of the Instant Setting screen.

: Selects from the data items.

to : Changes or sets the value. (NEXT): Moves to the next page (screen).

: Confirms the setting.

: Cancels the setting.

ESC

(FILE): Enables you to use the file functions (see Chapter 13,

"File Functions").

(LOAD): Reads a file from internal memory/

floppy disk.

(SAVE): Saves a file in internal memory/on

floppy disk.

(PRINT): Prints data (DISP VAL, SET ITEM

and SETUP data items).

(LOAD_CHG): Switches between Load 1 and Load 2 (if the wiring is

for a 2-load system).

(HOLD): Holds the on-screen readings.

Holding: The screen shows the mark in the

upper-middle area of the display.

8-4

IM CW140-E

8.3 Expanded View of Data Items on

UPPER: V1 MIDDLE: I1 LOWER: P

DISP. ITEM V1 V2 V3

I1 I2 I3 PQVA

(Default view)

ESC

Press the key to confirm your selection.

Use the key to select a data item to be changed.

Use the key to select a data item to be displayed.

Press the to cancel the procedure of change.

Press the (CHANGE) key to change the data item.

Instant Measure Mode Screen

You can select as many as three data items from those listed in the DISP. ITEM table to show an expanded view of them. Press the (SETUP) key to show the Instant Setting screen.

Instant Measure Mode

IM CW140-E

8-5

8.3 Expanded View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen

• Symbol Description (for selection of data items other than V1, V2, V3, I1, I2 and I3)

UPPER

P: Active power Q: Reactive power VA: Apparent power

UPPER

MIDDLE

LOWER

MIDDLE

P: Active power PF:Power factor PA: Phase angle

LOWER

P: Active power F: Frequency UR:Three-phase unbalance factor

TIP

• The choice of data items V1 to V3 and I1 to I3 varies depending on the type of wiring.

• If the CW140 is wired to a 2-load system, the same data item is selected for both loads.

• If you change the wiring type and the selected data item is not identified as an actual input on the wiring, the default data item is selected.

8-6

IM CW140-E

8.4 Logging in Instant Measure Mode

Using the logging function, you can continuously take measurements and save data. (To save data, set "LOGGING" to ON and select the output destination, or use the file function.)

● Procedure for Starting Logging

(TIME): Enters the starting time (default is the current time). (TRIGGER) - Control: Allows you to control logging by inputting a

signal to the START/STOP input terminals.

(MANUAL): Allows you to start logging by pressing the key.

The default for this key is "Manual".

● Procedure for Stopping Logging

(TIME): Enters the ending time. (TIMER): Enters the time taken from the start to the end of

logging.

(TRIGGER) - Control: Allows you to control logging by inputting a

signal to the START/STOP input terminals.

(MANUAL): Allows you to stop logging by pressing the key.

The default for this key is "Manual".

Instant Measure Mode

Setting the time: Use the shown below.

2000 / 01 / 01 / hour : minute Year ↔ Month ↔ Day ↔ Hour ↔ Minute

Setting the time: Use the below. 0000 h / 00 m/ 00 s Hour (and no. of digits) ↔ Minute ↔ Second

You can set the interval from the starting to the ending time, in 10-second increments, to a maximum of 1000 hours. Holding down the increases the speed with which the value changes.

key to move through the fields of the date and time setting, as

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

key to move through the fields of the time setting, as shown

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Input a value.

(+) or (–) key during input of a value,

IM CW140-E

8-7

8.4 Logging in Instant Measure Mode

● Start of Logging

Even if you have finished setting the time and commanded the start of logging by an external trigger, logging does not begin unless you press the (status LED indicator comes on). Logging begins only when setting of the time has been completed, the START&STOP key has been pressed, and the

mark comes on.

Status LED indicator

LED indicator

comes on.

LED indicator

goes out.

comes on.

key

Press START&STOP key to begin logging.

Logging in progress

CW140 main unit

Location of START&STOP key

START&STOP key

and LED indicator

Ready for logging

(STANDBY)

1 Indicates the status in which the starting time of logging is set and that

the CW140 is ready for logging.

2 Indicates the status in which the START&STOP key is pressed and that

the LED indicator comes on.

3 Indicates that the START&STOP key should be pressed one more time

to be

in logging.

2 3

Ready for

logging

(STANDBY)

Scheduled starting

time of logging

TIP

• The changing of settings is not allowed during logging (viewing only).

• The setting of a time earlier than the current time is not allowed. In addition, the CW140 shows an error message if, after time setting, the preset starting time of logging has already expired before logging begins.

● End of Logging

If end of logging is specified by setting the time or using a timer, the CW140 automatically stops logging and the mark appears when the preset time is up.

• Forcibly stopping logging before the preset time is up

Press the START&STOP key. The following message appears.

Logging in

Stop logging?

ENTER: YES ESC: NO

progress

Forcibly stops

logging.

Scheduled ending

time of logging

To stop logging, press the key.

To cancel the procedure for stopping logging, press the key.

ESC

8-8

IM CW140-E

8.4 Logging in Instant Measure Mode

● Viewing Logging Information

The CW140 shows the , and marks in the upper-middle area of the display. It also shows information on the start and end of logging in the lower section of the display. Information shown on the display varies depending on whether the CW140 is ready for logging, is performing logging or has finished logging, or how it starts or stops logging. If you want to show setup conditions (WIRING, V RANGE, A RANGE and FREQUENCY SOURCE data items) in the logging information area (lower section of the display), press the the same key once again, or pressing the

, or key. Pressing

key returns to the

ESC

view of logging information.

● Outputting Logged Data

This paragraph explains how to output data acquired during an interval from the start to the end of logging. You can change/define settings related to data

output by pressing the

(SETUP) key in the Instant Measure mode.

• Logging Setting LOGGING: Select from the ON and OFF options.

Instant Measure Mode

• Condition Settings for Data Output (with "LOGGING" set to ON) OUTPUT INTERVAL: Set a value between 2 minutes and 1000 hours, in

1-minute increments.

OUTPUT MEDIA: Select:

"MEMORY" to save in internal memory; "FD" to save on a floppy disk; or

"PRINTER" to print. FILENAME: Type the file name of data to be saved. SAVE/PRINT ITEM: Select the data item to be saved or printed.

SEE ALSO

Section 8.5, "Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode," for details on the setup data items.

TIP

You are not allowed to set the time interval from the start to the end of logging at a value smaller than the OUTPUT INTERVAL setpoint. If you set such a value, the CW140 shows an error message when you press the key.

IM CW140-E

8-9

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure

Page 1/3

(NEXT)

Page 2/3

(NEXT)

Page 3/3

(NEXT)

Mode

Press the (SETUP) key in the Instant Measure mode. Page 1/3 of the Instant Setting screen (INST. SET 1/3) appears.

● Screen Configuration and Setup Data Items

The Instant Setting screen consists of pages 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3. Each page lists setup data items, as shown below.

Page 1/3

EXPAND (Disply item) Logging Logging start/Logging stop* Output interval*

* Shown only if the logging function is used ("Logging" is set to ON).

TIP

The "D/A output" setup data item on the Instant Setting screen page 2/3 is visible only if the CW140 is equipped with a D/A output option.

Page 2/3

Output medium* Filename* Items to be saved/printed D/A output

Page 3/3

Reactive power method Frequency source Low-pass filter VT ratio CT ratio Clamp selection Number of averaging cycles

• Show each page of the screen with the (NEXT) key, as explained below.

8-10

IM CW140-E

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

● Basic Setting/Changing Operations

• Selection of setup data item to be set/changed Using the key, select the setup data item to be changed. (The item is highlighted.) For more information, see the tables of setup data items that follow.

• Press the relevant

key to change the setting. The functionality corresponding to each function key varies depending on the selected setup data item.

• Press the

• Pressing the

key to make changes to the next page.

key completes your settings. (The display changes to

a measurement screen.)

• If none of the settings needs to be changed, press the

key. The display

ESC

changes to a measurement screen.

TIP

• The changing of settings is not allowed when the CW140 is in a stand-by state or is performing logging (only viewing is allowed).

Instant Measure Mode

IM CW140-E

8-11

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

Table 1 of Setup Data Items

Page

Setup Data Item Items to Be Selected See Also Default

EXPAND DISPLAY ITEM

LOGGING OFF

LOGGING START METHOD (Only effective if "LOGGING" is set to ON)

Select data items to be shown in the following fields. UPPER MIDDLE LOWER

(ON): Logging is enabled. (OFF): Logging is disabled.

(TIME) (TRIGGER) (MANUAL)

Section 8.3, "Expanded View of Data Items on Instant Measure Mode Screen"

Section 8.4, "Logging in Instant Measure Mode"

UPPER: V1 (voltage) MIDDLE: I1 (current) LOWER: P

(active power)

LOGGING START METHOD: MANUAL

LOGGING STOP METHOD

1/3

OUTPUT INTERVAL (Only effective if "LOGGING" is set to ON)

(TIME) (TIMER) (TRIGGER) (MANUAL)

When setting the time:

When setting the timer:

Hour (and no. of digits) ↔ Minute ↔ Second

Set to a value between 2 minutes and 1000 hours in 1-minute increments.

Lets you move through the fields of the date and time setting. Year ↔ Month ↔ Day ↔ Hour

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Lets you move through the fields of the time setting to set a value, in 10-second increments, to a maximum of 1000 hours.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Lets you move through the digits.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Input a value.

LOGGING STOP METHOD: MANUAL

30 min (Only effective if "LOGGING" is set to ON)

OUTPUT MEDIA (Only effective if "LOGGING" is set to ON)

2/3

FILENAME (Only effective if "LOGGING" is set to ON) MEMORY/FD

8-12

MEMORY: FD: PRINTER:

Not designated: Named automatically as shown below.

Designated:

(CHANGE) : Enters a name of no more than

Select from these options with the (ON) and (OFF) keys.

AINS XXX.CSV

000 to 999

8 alphanumeric characters.

Section 6.2, "File name and File attribute"

Section 6.3, "Entering a File Name"

MEMORY

Not designated

IM CW140-E

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

Table 2 of Setup Data Items

Page

Setup Data Item Items to Be Selected See Also Default

SAVE/PRINT ITEM

2/3

D/A OUTPUT (Optional)

Select between ON and OFF under each of the VOLTAGE, CURRENT, POWER and EVENT INPUT data items.

ON OFF

Select from among CH1 to CH4.

(CHANGE)

Shows options in the middle of the screen.

For a 2-load system, use the to keys.

Selects the channel.

Confirms the selection.

"Data Items to Be Saved/Printed" on page 8-14

Section 14.1, "Optional D/A Output"

ON for all items

OFF for all channels

REACTIVE POWER METHOD

FREQUENCY SOURCE

LOWPASS FILTER (for frequency measurement)

VT RATIO (Ratio of voltage transformation)

3/3

CT RATIO (Ratio of current transformation)

(ON): The method is used. (OFF): The method is not used.

Press to change the setting. Options appear in the middle of the screen.

Selects the desired option.

Confirms the selection.

(ON): The filter is inserted. (OFF): The filter is not inserted.

Set to a value between 1 and 10000.

Moves the cursor through the digits.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Set to a value between 0.01 and 10000.

Moves the cursor through the digits.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Input a value.

Section 8.6, "Computational Expressions"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Low-pass Filters"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Lowpass Filters"

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function"

OFF: The method is not used.

Instant Measure Mode

OFF

CLAMP SELECTION

NUMBER OF AVERAGE

(20 – 200 A): Clamp A (200 – 1000 A): Clamp B (50 – 500 A): Clamp C

(+): Cycles through OFF→ 2 → 3 → ... 10 → OFF. (–): Cycles through OFF→10 → 9 → ... 2 → OFF.

"Selecting Clamp Type" under "• Current Range"on page 7-6

Section 7.6, "Averaging Function"

20 – 200 A (Clamp A)

OFF: The averaging function is not used.

TIP

The Instant Setting screen page 3/3 of Instant Measure mode partially shares the same setup data items with the System Setting screen page 1/2. Consequently, you can change these setup data items of the System Setting screen by pressing the key in Instant Measure mode, rather than by calling the TOP MENU screen and then the System Setting screen.

IM CW140-E

8-13

8.5 Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Instant Measure Mode

To select/deselect data items to be saved/printed, select between the ON and OFF options of each of the fields "VOLT.," "AMP.," "POWER" and "EVENT INPUT" (four items as a group). For voltage and current, information saved/printed differs depending on the type of wiring. See the following table.

Data Items to Be Saved/Printed

Wiring Group Saved/Printed Items

1φ2W Voltage V1

Current I1

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

1φ3W Voltage V1 V2 (V3) (Unbalance factor) (3φ3W) Current I1 I2 (I3)

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

3φ3W3i Voltage V1 V3 Unbalance factor

Current I1 I2 I3

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

3φ4W Voltage V1 V2 V3 Unbalance factor

Current I1 I2 I3

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

Event input Status H/L of event input

The data items "voltage" and "current" take rms values.

power factor, phase angle, frequency

SAVE/PRINT ITEM

(Group of items)

VOLT . : ON AMP. : ON POWER : ON EVENT INPUT: ON

With the relevant key, select the ON or OFF option. (Default: All items are set to ON.)

:ON

: OFF

• When wired to a 2-load system :ON-1 (Load 1 only)

: ON-2 (Load 2 only) : ALL (both Loads 1 and 2) : OFF

TIP

Even if you set data items to be saved/printed, they are not saved/printed if the LOGGING setup data item is set to OFF.

8-14

IM CW140-E

8.6 Computational Expressions

)

3W.

The computational expressions used for the Instant Measure mode are as follows.

● Rms-value Voltage

Vrms =

∫

√

v(t) 2 dt

● Rms-value Current

√

∫

i(t) 2 dt

Arms =

● Active Power

v (t) × i (t)dt

P =

∫

● Reactive Power

With reactive power meter method.

-1

Q =

v(t), i(t) : Input signal T : One period input signal

v (t) × i (t + )dt

∫

● Three-phase Unbalance Factor

Unbalance foctor =

• For 3φ3W

√

∑

t=0

∑

t=0

v (t) × i (t)

-1

∑

t=0

v(t) 2

∑

t=0

i(t) 2

v (t) × i (t +

×100 %

)

Polarity Lag : + Lead: –

Instant Measure Mode

(V+

: line-to-line voltages for the 3

• For 3φ4W In the equations, V

, V23, V31 for the 3φ3W are substituted with V1n, V2n, V3n,

respectively.

IM CW140-E

8-15

8.6 Computational Expressions

Computational Expressions of Instant Measure Mode

The CW140 performs the computations summarized below by using the measured values of V, A, W and Q variables.

Reactive Power 2

(Without reactive

Apparent Power

Power Factor Phase Angle

power meter method.)

1φ2W

Q= (VA)

– P

VA = V × A

With reactive power meter:

Without reactive power meter:

1φ3W

3φ3W

3φ3W3i

3φ4W

Limits of computation –1 to +1

Read-out resolution

Q i=

– Pi

(VAi) i=1, 2

∑

Q=Q1+Q2

Q i=

(VAi)

– Pi2

i=1, 3

∑

Q=Q1+Q3

Q i=

– Pi

(VAi) i=1, 3

∑

Q=Q1+Q3

Q i=

– Pi

(VAi) i=1, 2, 3

∑

Q= Q1+Q2+Q3

The rating depends on the ranges of variables V and A.

Same as that of active power.

VAi=Vi × Ai i=1, 2

∑

VA=VA1+VA2

VAi=Vi

i=1, 3

∑

VA=

2 (VA1+VA3)

VAi=Vi

i=1, 3

∑

VA=

3 / 2 (VA1+VA3)

With reactive power meter:

Without reactive power meter:

∑

VAi=Vi × Ai i=1, 2, 3

∑

VA=

VA1+VA2+VA3

The rating depends on the ranges of variables V and A.

Same as that of active power.

±1.000 ±180.0

(∑P)

/ ∑ VA

2 +Q2

∑

If the reactive power method is used:

2 +Q2

-1

cos

VA)

)

f the reactive power

method is not used:

-1

cos

With reactive power meter:

∑

cos

∑

-1

(

∑

)

+(∑Q)

)

Without reactive power meter:

-1

cos

(∑ P

/ ∑ VA)

–180 to +180

TIP

• In the case of distorted-wave input, the result of computation may differ from that of any other instrument that uses a different measuring principle.

Polarities of Active Power, Reactive Power, Power Factor and Phase Angle

Lag Lead

180180Phase difference

– – + +

Active power Reactive power Power factor Phase angle

9090 0

– + – –

+ + + +

+ – – –

• The phase lag or lead means that of current in reference to voltage.

• Even if the reactive power method is not used, the polarities of reactive power 2, power factor and phase angle are determined by those of reactive power 1.

8-16

IM CW140-E

Chapter 9. Electric Energy Measure Mode

Press the key to show the TOP MENU screen.

Using the key, select (ELEC. ENERGY MEASURE)

9.1 Data Items on Electric Energy

Measure Mode Screen

In Electric Energy Measure mode, you set the starting and ending times of integration. Then, the CW140 measures/calculates the amount of electric energy (integrated value) consumed during that interval, and shows the value. (This screen can be switched to a screen of instantaneous values.)

● Display of Measured/Calculated Values

Electric energy (Wh) Regenerative energy (Wh) Lagging reactive energy (Varh) Leading reactive energy (Varh)

● Selection of Regenerative Energy

Regenerative energy: Refers to the amount of integrated regenerative power

whose polarity is reverse to that of active power. You can select whether or

not to indicate the regenerative energy. Press the (SETUP) key in the Electric Energy Measure mode to show page 1/3 of the setting screen. Select the ON or OFF option. (Default: OFF Not indicated -)

Electric Energy Measure Mode

● Display of Information on Integration

The CW140 shows the in the upper-middle area of the display. It also shows information on the start and end of integration in the lower section of the display. Information shown on the display varies depending on whether the CW140 is ready for integration, is performing integration or has finished integration, or how it starts or stops integration. If you want to show setup conditions (WIRING, V RANGE, A RANGE and FREQUENCY SOURCE data items) in the integration information area, press the , or key. Pressing the same key once again, or pressing the

● Electric Energy Measure Mode Screen

IM CW140-E

, and marks

key returns to the view of integration information.

ESC

9-1

9.1 Data Items on Electric Energy Measure Mode Screen

Then, press the key.

The Electric Energy Measure Mode screen appears.

Display of measured/calculated values

Display of setup conditions

● Display of Electric Energy Value

Display of Electric energy can select the position of decimal point and unit of measurement. This selection can be set on page 2/3 of setup screen for Electric energy measurement mode.

Selection items of position of decimal point

STANDARD 000.000 0000.00

00000.0 000000

Selection items of unit of measurement

Wh kWh MWh GWh

When selecting STANDARD for position of decimal point, the position of decimal point and unit of measurement are automatically set following table.

Rated power × VT ratio × CT ratio

(× demand period time: hours)*

1to9.999 W 0.00 to 9999.99 Wh

10 to 99.99 W 0.0 to 99999.9 Wh

100 to 999.9 W 0.000 to 999.999 kWh

1to9.999 kW 0.00 to 9999.99 kWh

10 to 99.99 kW 0.0 to 99999.9 kWh

100 to 999.9 kW 0.000 to 999.999 MWh

1to9.999 MW 0.00 to 9999.99 MWh

10 to 99.99 MW 0.0 to 99999.9 MWh

100 to 999.9 MW 0.000 to 999.999 GWh

1to9.999 GW 0.00 to 9999.99 GWh

10 to 99.99 GW 0.0 to 99999.9 GWh

100 to 999.9 MW 0 to 999999 GWh

1to9.999 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

10 to 99.99 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

100 to 999.9 TW 0 to 999999 GWh

Position of decimal point and unit of measurement

When the value exceeds the maximum displayable value, the display value will be reset to zero (e.g. 999.999 kWh → 0.000 kWh).

● Display of Instantaneous Values

With the key, you can show the measured/calculated values of detailed Instant Measure mode data items (except for the unbalance factor).

9-2

IM CW140-E

9.2 Working with the Function Keys

This section explains how the function keys for the Electric Energy Measure mode work.

(CHANGE): Switches between the INTEGRATE and INSTANT

display modes.

(SETUP): Shows setup data items of the Electric Energy

Measure mode (see Section 9.4, "Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode") on pages 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 of the ENERGY SET screen.

: Selects from the data items.

to : Changes or set the value. (NEXT): Moves to the next page (screen).

: Confirms the setting.

: Cancels the setting.

ESC

(FILE): Enables you to use the file functions (see Chapter 13,

"File Functions").

(LOAD): Reads a file from internal memory/

floppy disk.

(SAVE): Saves a file in internal memory/on

floppy disk.

(PRINT): Prints data (DISP VAL, SET ITEM

and SETUP data items).

(LOAD_CHG): Switches between Load 1 and Load 2 (if the wiring is

for a 2-load system).

(HOLD/CLR): Holds the on-screen readings or clears the integrated

values. Holding: The screen shows the mark in the

upper-middle area of the display. (Only the hold function is available during integration.)

Clearing: Hold down the

seconds. The following message appears. Measurement data will be cleared.

key for more than 3

Electric Energy Measure Mode

Measurement data will be cleared.

ENTER: YES ESC: NO

Proceed?

Press the key to clear the integrated values. Press the

TIP

If you clear integrated values, all the readings of electric energy, regenerative energy, lagging reactive energy and leading reactive energy are reset to zero (0). (The reading of the P ASSA GE TIME data item is also reset to zero.)

IM CW140-E

key to cancel clearance.

ESC

9-3

9.3 Integration in Electric Energy Measure Mode

This section explains how to start/stop continuous measurement (integration) or output data in the Electric Energy Measure mode.

● Procedure for Starting Integration

(TIME): Enters the starting time (default is the current time).

(TRIGGER) - Control: Allows you to control integration by inputting a

signal to the START/STOP input terminals.

(MANUAL): Allows you to start integration by pressing the key.

The default for this key is "Manual".

● Procedure for Stopping Integration

(TIME): Enters the ending time.

(TIMER): Enters the time taken from the start to the end of

integration.

(TRIGGER) - Control: Allows you to control integration by inputting a

signal to the START/STOP input terminals.

(MANUAL): Allows you to stop integration by pressing the key.

The default for this key is "Manual".

Setting the time: Use the shown below.

2000 / 01 / 01 / hour : minute Year ↔ Month ↔ Day ↔ Hour ↔ Minute

Setting the time: Use the below. 0000 h / 00 m/ 00 s Hour (and no. of digits) ↔ Minute ↔ Second

You can set the interval from the starting to the ending time, in 10-second increments, to a maximum of 1000 hours. Holding down the increases the speed with which the value changes.

key to move through the fields of the date and time setting, as

(+): Increment

(–): Decrement

key to move through the fields of the time setting, as shown

(+): Increment

(–): Decrement

Input a value.

(+) or (–) key during input of a value,

9-4

IM CW140-E

9.3 Integration in Electric Energy Measure Mode

● Start of Integration

Even if you have finished setting the time and commanded the start of integration by an external trigger, integration does not begin unless you press the key (status LED indicator comes on). Integration begins only when setting of the time has been completed, the START&STOP key has been pressed, and the mark comes on.

LED indicator

Status LED indicator

LED indicator

comes on.

LED indicator

goes out.

Press the START&STOP key to begin integration.

Integration in progress

CW140 main unit

Location of START&STOP key

START&STOP key

and LED indicator

Ready for

integration

(STANDBY)

1 Indicates the status in which the starting time of integration is set and

that the CW140 is ready for integration.

2 Indicates the status in which the START&STOP key is pressed and that

the LED indicator comes on.

3 Indicates that the START&STOP key should be pressed one more time

to be

in integration.

2 3

Ready for

integration

(STANDBY)

Scheduled starting

time of integration

TIP

• The changing of settings is not allowed during integration (viewing only).

• The setting of a time that precedes the current time is not allowed. In addition, the CW140 sho ws an error message if, after time setting, the preset starting time of integration has expired before integration begins.

● End of Integration

If the end of integration has been specified by setting the time or using a timer, the CW140 automatically stops integration and the mark appears when the preset time is up.

• Forcibly stopping integration before the preset time is up

Press the START&STOP key. The following message appears.

Integration in

Stop integrate?

ENTER: YES ESC: NO

progress

Forcibly stops

Integration.

Scheduled ending time of Integration

Electric Energy Measure Mode

To stop Integration, press the key.

To cancel the procedure for stopping

IM CW140-E

Integration, press the key.

ESC

9-5

9.3 Integration in Electric Energy Measure Mode

● Outputting Integrated Data

This paragraph explains how to output data acquired during an interval from the start to the end of integration. You can change/define settings related to data output by pressing the (SETUP) key in the Electric Energy Measure mode.

• Data Output Setting DATA OUTPUT: Select from the ON and OFF options.

• Condition Settings for Data Output (with "DATA OUTPUT" set to ON) OUTPUT INTERVAL: Set a value between 2 minutes and 1000 hours, in

1-minute increments.

OUTPUT MEDIA: Select:

"MEMORY" to save in internal memory; "FD" to save on a floppy disk; or

"PRINTER" to print. FILENAME: Type the file name of data to be saved. SAVE/PRINT ITEM: Select the data item to be saved or printed.

SEE ALSO

Section 9.4, "Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode," for details on the setup data items.

TIP

You are not allowed to set the time interval from the start to the end of integration at a value smaller than the OUTPUT INTERVAL setpoint. If you set such a value, the CW140 shows an error message when you press the key.

9-6

IM CW140-E

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy

Page 1/3

(NEXT)

Page 2/3

(NEXT)

Page 3/3

(NEXT)

Measure Mode

Press the (SETUP) key in the Electric Energy Measure mode. The ENERGY SET 1/3 screen appears.

● Screen Configuration and Setup Data Items

The Energy Setting screen consists of pages 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3. Each page lists setup data items, as shown below.

Electric Energy Measure Mode

Page 1/3

Regenerative energy Integration start/Integration stop Data output Output interval* Output medium* Filename*

* Shown only if "DATA OUTPUT" is set to ON.

TIP

The "D/A output" setup data item on the Energy Setting screen page 2/3 is visible only if the CW140 is equipped with a D/A output option.

Page 2/3

Items to be saved/printed D/A output Integrated value output rate Display of Electric energy

Page 3/3

Reactive power method Frequency source Low-pass filter VT ratio CT ratio Clamp selection Number of averaging cycles

• Show each setting screen with the (NEXT) key, as explained below.

IM CW140-E

9-7

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

● Basic Setting/Changing Operations

• Press the relevant

key to change the setting. The functionality corresponding to each function key varies depending on the selected setup data item.

• Press the

• Pressing the

key to make changes to the next page.

key completes your settings. (The display changes to

a measurement screen.)

• If none of the settings needs to be changed, press the

key. The display

ESC

changes to a measurement screen.

TIP

• The changing of settings is not allowed when the CW140 is in a stand-by state or is performing integration (only viewing is allowed).

9-8

IM CW140-E

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Table 1 of Setup Data Items

Page

Setup Data Item Items to Be Selected See Also Default

REGENERATIVE ENERGY

INTEGRATE START METHOD

(ON): Indicated. (OFF): Not indicated.

(TIME) (TRIGGER) (MANUAL)

"Selection of Regenerative Energy" on page 9-1

Section 9.3, Integration in Electric Energy Measure Mode

OFF: Not indicated.

INTEGRATE START METHOD: MANUAL

INTEGRATE STOP METHOD

1/3

DATA OUTPUT

OUTPUT INTERVAL (Only effective if "DATA OUTPUT" is set to ON)

OUTPUT MEDIA (Only effective if "

DATA OUTPUT

is set to ON) FILENAME

(Only effective if "DATA OUTPUT" is set to ON) MEMORY/FD

(TIME) (TIMER) (TRIGGER) (MANUAL)

When setting the time:

When setting the timer:

(ON): Data output is enabled. (OFF): Data output is disabled.

Set to a value between 2 minutes and 1000 hours in 1-minute increments.

MEMORY: FD:

PRINTER: Not designated: Named automatically as shown below.

Designated:

(CHANGE) : Enters a name of no more than

Lets you move through the fields of the date and time setting. Year ↔ Month ↔ Day ↔ Hour

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Lets you move through the fields of the time setting to set a value, in 10-second increments, to a maximum of 1000 hours.

Hour (and no. of digits) ↔ Minute ↔ Second

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Lets you move through the digits.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Select from these options with the (ON) and (OFF) keys.

AWTH XXX.CSV

8 alphanumeric characters.

Input a value.

000 to 999

Section 6.2, "File name and File attribute" Section 6.3, "Entering a File Name"

INTEGRATE STOP METHOD: MANUAL

Electric Energy Measure Mode

OFF: Data output is disabled.

30 min (Only effective if "DATA OUTPUT" is set to ON)

MEMORY

Not designated

TIP

The Energy Setting screen page 3/3 of the Electric Energy Measure mode partially shares the same setup data items with the System Setting screen page 1/2. Consequently, you can change these setup data items of the System Setting screen by pressing the key in Electric Energy Measure mode, rather than by calling the TOP MENU screen and then the System Setting screen.

IM CW140-E

9-9

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Table 2 of Setup Data Items

Page

Setup Data Item Items to Be Selected See Also Default

SAVE/PRINT ITEM

D/A OUTPUT (Optional)

INTEGRATION RATE (If D/A output is enabled)

Select between ON and OFF under each of the VOLTAGE, CURRENT, POWER and EVENT INPUT data items.

For a 2-load system, use the

to keys.

OFF

Select from among CH1 to CH4.

(CHANGE)

Shows options in the middle of the screen.

Pressing the key shows a screen for rate selection. 1 V/5 kWh, 1 V/10 kWh, 1 V/50 kWh, 1 V/100 kWh, 1 V/500 kWh, 1 V/1 MWh

Confirms the selection.

Selects the channel.

"Data Items to Be Saved/Printed" on page 9-11

Section 14.1, "Optional D/A Output"

ON for all items

OFF for all channels

1 V/5 kWh

2/3

ENERGY DISPLAY

Selects the rate.

Confirms the selection.

• Position of decimal point

Pressing the key shows a screen for selection. STANDARD 000.000 0000.00

00000.0

• Unit of measurement

Pressing the key shows a screen for selection. Wh kWh MWh GWh

000000

Select the position of decimal point.

Confirms the selection.

Selects the unit of meaurement.

Confirms the selection.

STANDARD

kWh

9-10

IM CW140-E

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Table 3 of Setup Data Items

Page

Setup Data Item Items to Be Selected See Also Default

REACTIVE POWER METHOD

FREQUENCY SOURCE

LOWPASS FILTER (for frequency measurement)

VT RATIO (Ratio of voltage transformation)

3/3

(ON): The method is used. (OFF): The method is not used.

Press to change the setting. Options appear in the middle of the screen.

Selects the desired option.

Confirms the selection.

(ON): The filter is inserted. (OFF): The filter is not inserted.

Set to a value between 1 and 10000.

Moves the cursor through the digits.

Section 8.6, "Computational Expressions"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Low-pass Filters"

Section 7.5, "Frequency Measurement and Lowpass Filters"

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function"

OFF: The method is not used.

OFF

CT RATIO (Ratio of current transformation)

CLAMP SELECTION

NUMBER OF AVERAGE

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

Set to a value between 0.01 and 10000.

Moves the cursor through the digits.

(+): Increment (–): Decrement

(20 – 200 A): Clamp A (200 – 1000 A): Clamp B (50 – 500 A): Clamp C

(+): Cycles through OFF→ 2 → 3 → ... 10 → OFF. (–): Cycles through OFF→10 → 9 → ... 2 → OFF.

Input a value.

Section 7.7, "Scaling Function"

"Selecting Clamp Type" under "• Current Range"on page 7-6

Section 7.6, "Averaging Function"

20 – 200 A (Clamp A)

OFF: The averaging function is not used.

Electric Energy Measure Mode

IM CW140-E

9-11

9.4 Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

Setup Data Items of Electric Energy Measure Mode

To select/deselect data items to be saved/printed, select between the ON and OFF options of each of the fields "VOLT.," "AMP.," "POWER," "ELEC. ENERGY" and "EVENT INPUT" (five items as a group). For voltage and current, information saved/printed differs depending on the type of wiring. See the following table.

Data Items to Be Saved/Printed

Wiring Group Saved/Printed Items

1φ2W Voltage V1

1φ3W Voltage V1 V2 (V3) (3φ3W) Current I1 I2 (I3)

3φ3W3i Voltage V1 V3

3φ4W Voltage V1 V2 V3

Event input Status H/L of event input

The data items "voltage" and "current" take rms values.

Current I1

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

power factor, phase angle, frequency

Electric energy Active electric energy, regenerative energy, lagging

reactive electric energy, leading reactive electric energy

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

power factor, phase angle, frequency

Electric energy Active electric energy, regenerative energy, lagging

reactive electric energy, leading reactive electric energy

Current I1 I2 I3

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

power factor, phase angle, frequency

Electric energy Active electric energy, regenerative energy, lagging

reactive electric energy, leading reactive electric energy

Current I1 I2 I3

Power Active power, reactive power, apparent power,

power factor, phase angle, frequency

Electric energy Active electric energy, regenerative energy, lagging

reactive electric energy, leading reactive electric energy

9-12

IM CW140-E

YOKOGAWA CW140 User's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual