Thank you and congratulations on your purchase of this Yamaha product.
• You can enjoy the high-quality stereo sound of this integrated amplifier at home.
• To use the product properly and safely, we suggest that you read this manual and the “Safety Brochure” thoroughly.
Keep the manual in a safe, accessible place for future reference.
Features
◆Floating balanced circuit for power amplifier
◆Tone control circuit with a parallel volume system
◆Large power supply with four separate circuits
◆Left-right symmetrical design
◆Fully discrete phono amp
3
Things to know before using this product
Note
About this manual
• This manual describes the unit’s features and connection procedures.
• The illustrations as shown in this manual are for instructional purposes only.
• Specifications and appearance are subject to change without notice.
•“
•“CAUTION” describes precautions to be followed to avoid injury.
•“NOTICE” describes precautions to be followed to avoid malfunction or damage to the product.
• “” describes supplemental information about the product.
WAR NI NG
” describes precautions to be followed to avoid the possibility of serious injury or even death.
Supplied accessories
Please make sure that the following accessories are included in the package.
• Remote control
• Batteries (AAA, R03, UM-4) (×2)
• Power cable*
• Owner’s Manual (this book)
• Safety Brochure
* Multiple power cables might be included in the package depending on the area of distribution.
Please use the one that is appropriate for your AC outlet.
This section lists the names and describes the function of
various parts on the front and rear panels, and the remote control.
5
Part Names and Functions
134562
Front panel
1 A (Power) switch/indicator
A
(Power) switch
Up position
Down positionOffOff
Power statusIndicator
OnLit brightly
StandbyLit dimly
While the A (Power) switch is in the up position,
press the A AMP key on the remote control
repeatedly to switch the power to the unit between on
and standby mode. In addition, under either of the
following conditions, the unit will enter standby
mode.
• If the Auto Power Standby function is enabled.
(➔ page 10)
• If you turn off the power to a device that has been set to
trigger connection to this unit. (➔ page 20)
6
NOTICE
If you plan not to use the unit for an extended period of
time, be sure to unplug the power plug from the AC
outlet. Even when the power is turned off, a minimal
amount of electric current is still flowing to the unit.
Note
• After you turn on the unit, it will take a few seconds
before the unit can reproduce sound.
• Do not turn on the power to this unit again within
10 seconds after the power has been turned off. Doing so
may generate noise.
• While the unit is in standby mode, to turn on power to
the unit first set the A (Power) switch to the down
position to turn the power off, then set the switch to the
up position.
• While the unit is in standby mode, if you unplug the
power cable from the AC outlet and then plug it in again,
the power to the unit will be turned on.
English
2 Remote control sensor
Receives signals from the remote control. (➔ page 14)
3 PHONES jack
Connect your headphones here.
Note
• Connecting the headphones here will result in the
following:
- No sound will be heard from the connected speakers.
- Audio signals will not be output at the PRE OUT jacks.
- You will be unable to select MAIN DIRECT as the input
source.
• If MAIN DIRECT is selected as the input source, audio
signals will not be output at the PHONES jack.
4 SPEAKERS selector
Switches sets of speakers connected to the
SPEAKERS L/R CH A and B terminals on the rear
panel as follows:
OFF: No audio signals will be output from the
speakers.
A: Audio signals will be output from the set of
speakers connected to the A terminals.
B: Audio signals will be output from the set of
speakers connected to the B terminals.
A+B BI-WIRING: Audio signals will be output from
the sets of speakers connected to the A and B
terminals. Select this position when you plan to
make a bi-wired connection. (➔ page 19)
NOTICE
[Model for Asia]
If you connect two sets of speakers (A+B), use the
speakers with an impedance of 12Ω or higher.
[Other models]
If you connect two sets of speakers (A+B), use the
speakers with an impedance of 8Ω or higher.
5 METER selector
Switches the meter function as follows:
OFF: Turns off meter operation and display
illumination.
PEAK: Switches the meter display type to a peak
level meter. The peak level meter shows the
highest instantaneous level of an audio output
signal.
VU: Switches the meter display type to a VU (Volume
Unit) level meter. The VU level meter shows an
effective audio output value that represents the
way sound is perceived by human ears.
DIMMER: When selected, the DIMMER
automatically changes the brightness of the meter
display in steps. When you see the brightness level
you desire, switch to another setting parameter to
lock in the new brightness setting.
6 Meter (LEFT/RIGHT)
Indicates the audio output level of the left (LEFT) and
right (RIGHT) channels.
7
Part Names and Functions
Front panel
7 BASS control
Adjusts the volume level of the bass range.
Adjustable range:−10 dB – 0 – +10 dB
8 TREBLE control
Adjusts the volume level of the treble range.
Adjustable range:−10 dB – 0 – +10 dB
9 BALANCE control
Adjusts the audio output balance between the left and
right speakers to compensate for sound imbalances
caused by speaker locations or listening room
conditions.
Note
• If both BASS and TREBLE controls are set to 0 (zero), the
audio signal will bypass the tone control circuit.
• The BASS, TREBLE, and BALANCE control settings will not
affect the input signals at the MAIN IN jacks nor the output
signals at the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
7890
0 INPUT selector/indicator
Selects the input source. The indicator for the selected
input source lights up. Audio signals of the selected
input source will be output at the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
MAIN DIRECT: Selects the component connected to
the MAIN IN jacks as the input source.
LINE 1/LINE 2: Selects the component connected to
the LINE 1 or LINE 2 jacks as the input source.
CD: Selects the CD player connected to the CD input
jacks as the input source.
TUNER: Selects the tuner connected to the TUNER
input jacks as the input source.
PHONO: Selects the turntable connected to the
PHONO input jacks as the input source.
Note
• If MAIN DIRECT is selected as the input source, audio
signals will not be output at the PRE OUT, LINE 2 OUT or
PHONES jacks.
• If LINE 2 is selected, audio signals will not be output at
the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
8
English
CBA
A Feet
If the unit is unstable, adjust the height of the feet as
needed by rotating them.
B AUDIO MUTE switch/indicator
Press this switch to reduce the current volume level by
approximately 20 dB. The indicator will light up.
Press again to restore the audio output to the previous
volume level. The indicator will turn off.
C VOLUME knob
Adjusts the volume level. This setting will not affect
the output level at the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
NOTICE
If you select MAIN DIRECT as the input source for this
unit, the volume level will be fixed. In this case, to adjust
the volume level, use the volume control on the
external amplifier connected to the MAIN IN jacks.
9
Part Names and Functions
Rear panel
1
1 PRE OUT jacks
Note
• Audio signals output at the PRE OUT jacks are the same
channel signals that are output at the SPEAKERS L/R CH
terminals.
• The following parameter settings are effective for audio
signals output at the PRE OUT jacks.
-BASS
-TREBLE
-BALANCE
-VOLUME
2 AUTO POWER STANDBY switch
ON: The unit enters standby mode automatically if it
is left turned on and not operated for eight hours
(Auto Power Standby function).
OFF: The unit does not enter standby mode
automatically.
3 TRIGGER IN jack
Connect external components that support the trigger
function. (➔ page 20)
A8C7B9D60
4 REMOTE IN/OUT jacks
Connect external components that support the remote
function. (➔ pages 20 and 21)
5 SERVICE jack
This jack is used to test the product.
6 SPEAKERS L/R CH terminals
7 TUNER input jacks
8 PHONO input jacks
9 CD input jacks
0 MM/MC switch
Set this switch to the MM or MC position according to
the type of magnetic cartridge installed in the turntable
that is connected to the PHONO input jacks.
Note
Before you replace the cartridge for the turntable, be sure
to turn off the power to this unit.
10
English
2345
E6
A GND (Ground) terminal
If you connect your turntable to this unit, ground it to
the GND terminal. Doing so may reduce noise.
CAUTION
Do not loosen the GND terminal knob excessively.
Otherwise, the knob may come off and a child may
swallow it accidentally.
Note
This is not a safety ground.
B LINE 1 input jacks
C LINE 2 jacks
Connect external components that feature analog
audio in/out jacks.
D MAIN IN jacks
Connect external components that feature a volume
control function so that you can use this unit as a
power amplifier.
NOTICE
If you select MAIN DIRECT as the input source for this
unit, the volume level will be fixed. In this case, to adjust
the volume level, use the volume control on the
external amplifier connected to the MAIN IN jacks.
E AC IN jack
Connect the supplied power cable here. (➔ page 21)
11
Part Names and Functions
Remote control
1
2
3
6
7
1 Infrared signal transmitter
Outputs infrared control signals toward the unit.
(➔ page 14)
2 A AMP key
Turns on the power to the unit or switches it to
standby mode. (➔ page 6)
3 Input select keys
Select the input source.
Audio signals of the selected input source will be
output at the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
LINE 1/LINE 2: Selects the component connected to
the LINE 1 or LINE 2 jacks as the input source.
PHONO: Selects the turntable connected to the
PHONO input jacks as the input source.
MAIN DIRECT: Selects the component connected to
the MAIN IN jacks as the input source.
CD: Selects the CD player connected to the CD input
jacks as the input source.
TUNER: Selects the tuner connected to the TUNER
input jacks as the input source.
Note
• If MAIN DIRECT is selected as the input source, audio
signals will not be output at the PRE OUT, LINE 2 OUT or
PHONES jacks.
• If LINE 2 is selected, audio signals will not be output at
the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
12
4
5
4 VOLUME +/− keys
Adjust the volume level. This setting will not affect
the output level at the LINE 2 OUT jacks.
NOTICE
If you select MAIN DIRECT as the input source for this
unit, the volume level will be fixed. In this case, to adjust
the volume level, use the volume control on the
external amplifier connected to the MAIN IN jacks.
5 MUTE key
Press this key to reduce the current volume level by
approximately 20 dB. Press the key again to restore
the previous volume level.
English
6 Tuner control keys
Control the functions of a connected Yamaha tuner.
For more information, refer to the owner’s manual for
your tuner.
7 CD player control keys
Control the functions of a connected Yamaha CD
player. For more information, refer to the owner’s
manual for your CD player.
OPEN/CLOSE key: Opens or closes the disc tray
of a connected CD player.
ACD key: Turns on the power to a connected CD
player, or switches it to standby mode.
(Play): Starts playback of the CD player.
(Pause): Pauses playback of the CD player.
Press or to resume playback.
(Stop): Stops playback of the CD player.
/ (Skip): Skips to the next track, or returns
to the beginning of the current track.
SOURCE key: Selects the source to be played on the
CD player. The playback source changes each
time this key is pressed.
LAYER key: Toggles the playback layer of a hybrid
super audio CD between “Super audio CD” and
“CD.”
Note
Some Yamaha tuners or CD players might not support the
tuner or CD player control keys.
13
Part Names and Functions
3
30 30
Within 6 m
■ Installing batteries in the remote
control
1Remove the battery compartment cover.
2
Insert two batteries (AAA, R03, UM-4)
according to the polarity markings (+ and −)
on the inside of the battery compartment.
1
2
3Reinstall the battery compartment cover.
■ Operating the remote control
Operate the remote control in the range shown below by
pointing it toward the remote control sensor on the front
panel of the unit.
14
English
Connections
This section explains how to connect the unit to speakers and
audio source components.
15
Connections
+
-
+
-
Tur ntab le
Speaker A
(R channel)
(➔ page 18)
Speaker B
(R channel)
(➔ page 18)
Tun er
CD player featuring
RCA jacks
BD player, etc.
Connection diagram
CAUTION
Be sure to complete all connections before plugging in the power cable to an AC outlet. (➔ page 21)
16
English
Speaker A
(L channel)
Speaker B
(L channel)
External amplifier or
active subwoofer
Preamplifier,
AVamplifier, etc.
CD recorder, tape deck,
etc.
NOTICE
If a component is connected to the MAIN IN jacks, the unit’s volume level will be fixed. Therefore, do not connect a CD player or
other components that do not feature volume adjustment to the MAIN IN jacks. Otherwise, a loud sound may be emitted,
resulting in malfunction of the unit or damage to the speakers.
+
-
+–
17
Connections
+
–
+
–
L
R
Figure 1
Figure 2
10 mm
Diameter of the
speaker cable wire
hole: 6.0 mm
Connecting speakers
Note
• Because this power amplifier is of the floating balanced type,
the following connections are not possible.
- Connecting between two “+” (or two “−”) terminals of
the left and right channels (Fig. 1).
- Connecting each “−” terminal of the unit’s left and right
channels to the opposite channel speakers (cross
connection, Fig. 2).
- Connecting the left/right channel “−” terminals (or
accidentally allowing them to come in contact) with the
metal part of the rear panel of this unit.
+
L
–
–
R
+
• Do not connect an active subwoofer to the SPEAKERS L/R CH
terminals. Connect the subwoofer to the unit’s PRE OUT
jacks.
■ Using speaker cables
1Remove approximately 10 mm of insulation
from the end of each speaker cable, and
twist the exposed wires together tightly to
prevent short circuits.
2Unscrew the knob on each speaker
terminal, and then insert the bare wire into
the side hole on the terminal.
3Tighten the knob.
CAUTION
• Do not loosen the knob excessively. Otherwise, the knob
may come off and a child may swallow it accidentally.
• To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not touch the
speaker terminals while the power to the unit on.
NOTICE
• If the SPEAKERS terminals come into contact with a
metallic rack, a short circuit may occur, resulting in
damage to this unit. When installing the unit in a rack,
maintain a sufficient clearance to prevent the SPEAKERS
18
terminals from coming into contact with the rack.
• Do not let the bare speaker wires touch each other, nor let
them touch any metal part of this unit. Otherwise, the
unit and/or the speakers may be damaged.
English
Bi-wired connection
Banana plug
Diameter of the
banana plug hole: 4.0 mm
Y-sha ped lug
Thickness of the
terminal core: 5.8 mm
Rear panel of this unitSpeaker
Note
All connections must be correct: L (left) to L, R (right) to R, “+” to
“+”, and “−” to “−”. For information regarding the connection
procedure, refer to the owner’s manual for your speakers.
■ Using banana plug cables
(Models for U.S.A., Canada, Australia, China, and Taiwan)
First tighten the knob on the SPEAKERS
terminal, and then insert the banana plug into
the head of the knob.
A bi-wired connection separates the woofer from the mid
and high ranges. Speakers that support bi-wired
connection feature two pairs of terminals (total four
terminals). These two pairs of terminals can divide the
speakers into two independent parts. To make this kind of
connection, you need to connect mid and high range
drivers to one pair of terminals, and low range drivers to
the other pair of terminals.
1Remove the shorting bars or bridges on the
speakers.
2Connect this unit to the speakers as shown
in the figure below.
An example of left channel connection
■ Using Y-shaped lug cables
1Unscrew the knob, and then sandwich the
Y-shaped lug between the ring part and
base of the terminal.
2Tighten the knob.
3Set the SPEAKERS selector on the front
panel to A+B BI-WIRING.
19
Connections
Rear panel of this unit
Yama ha AV r ecei ver or
other component that features
TRIGGER OUT jacks and PRE OUT jacks
Monaural
mini-plug cable
Stereo pin cable
Rear panel of this unit
Infrared receiver
Infrared
transmitter
Remote controlExternal component
(CD player, etc.)
Trigger connection
You can connect a Yamaha AV receiver or other
component that supports the Trigger function. You can
control this unit in sync with a connected component.
TRIGGER
MAIN IN
PRE OUT
TRIGGER
OUT
IN
Remote connection
■ Operating the unit from another room
If you connect a commercially-available infrared receiver
and transmitter to the unit’s REMOTE IN/OUT jacks, you
will be able to operate the unit and/or external component
from another room, using the supplied remote control.
When the power to the connected component is turned on,
the power to this unit is also turned on. Simultaneously,
the input source to the unit is set to MAIN DIRECT.
If MAIN DIRECT has been selected as the input source
for this unit, when the power to the connected component
is turned off, this unit will enter standby mode.
Note
When the power switch on this unit is turned Off, the power to
the unit will not be triggered.
20
English
Connecting the power cable
Rear panel of this unit
Infrared receiver
Remote controlYamaha component
(up to 3 components,
including this unit)
Monaural
mini-plug cable
Supplied power cable
To o utl et
Rear panel of this unit
■ Remote connection between Yamaha
components
If you have another Yamaha component that supports
remote connections, an infrared transmitter is not
necessary. Connect an infrared receiver to the unit’s
REMOTE IN/OUT jacks, as shown below.
Up to 3 Yamaha components (including this unit) can be
set up for remote connection.
REMOTE
INOUT
After all connections are complete, plug the power cable
into the AC IN connector of the unit, and then plug the
power plug into the AC outlet.
21
English
Appendix
This section lists technical specifications for this unit.
23
Appendix
Specifications
Rated output power (20 Hz to 20 kHz, 0.07% THD)
2-channel driven
[Model for Asia]
8Ω ............................................................ 90 W + 90 W
6Ω .........................................................110 W + 110 W
[Other models]
8Ω ............................................................ 90 W + 90 W
4Ω ........................................................ 150 W + 150 W
Dynamic power
8Ω ........................................................ 105 W + 105 W
6Ω ........................................................ 135 W + 135 W
4Ω ........................................................ 190 W + 190 W
2Ω ........................................................ 220 W + 220 W
IEC output power (1 kHz, 0.07% THD)
[Models for U.K. and Europe]
8Ω ............................................................ 95 W + 95 W
Maximum effective output power
(JEITA, 1 kHz, 10% THD)
8Ω ........................................................ 120 W + 120 W
4Ω ........................................................ 190 W + 190 W
Power bandwidth (0.1% THD, 45 W)
2-channel driven
8Ω ........................................................10 Hz to 50 kHz
[Models for U.S.A. and Canada] ....... AC 120 V, 60 Hz
[Model for China].............................. AC 220 V, 50 Hz
[Model for Korea].............................. AC 220 V, 60 Hz
[Model for Australia]......................... AC 240 V, 50 Hz
[Models for U.K. and Europe]........... AC 230 V, 50 Hz
[Model for Asia] ..............AC 220–240 V, 50 Hz/60 Hz
[Model for Taiwan].............................AC 110 V, 60 Hz
Power consumption
[Model for Asia] .................................................250 W
[Other models].................................................... 350 W
* The contents of this manual apply to the latest
specifications as of the publishing date. To obtain the
latest manual, access the Yamaha website and
download the manual file.
Standby power consumption
OFF mode ............................................................ 0.1 W
Standby mode ...................................................... 0.2 W
Maximum power consumption (1 kHz, 4Ω 10% THD)
[Model for Taiwan]............................................. 700 W
Dimensions (W × H × D)
..................................................... 435 × 157 × 463 mm
Weight
...........................................................................22.0 kg
25
Appendix
MAIN IN
INPUT SELECTOR
TREBLE
+
−
+
−
A
B
MIDDLE
BASS
TONE CONTROL
OPE AMP
FLOATING INDEPENDENT
POWER SUPPLY
CONSTANT CURRENT
POWER SUPPLY
FOR AUDIO
POWER RELAY
POWER AMP PRE STAGE
POWER SUPPLY
L ch +
POWER SUPPLY
FOR CONTROL
TOROIDAL
TRANSFORMER
L ch −
R ch +
R ch −
BALANCE SIGNAL
POSITIVE OUT
NEGATIVE OUT
UNBALANCE SIGNAL
POWER SUPPLY
FOR CPU
PHONO
CD / TUNER
LINE1 / LINE2
LINE2 OUT
PREOUT
PREOUT AMP
LINE2 OUT AMP
MC HEAD AMP
MM EQ AMP
LINE AMP
VOLUME
TONE CONTROL BYPASS
TONE CONTROL
LINE AMP
FLOATING BALANCE
SPEAKER A/B
SPEAKER OUT
LOW IMPEDANCE DRIVE
HEADPHONE
METER DRIVER
RECTIFICATION
PEAK/VU
LOG AMP
DRIVER
METER
SUB TRANSFORMER
DISCRETE AMP
Block diagram
26
English
Acoustic characteristics
■ Tone control characteristics
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
–2
Response (dB)
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
–14
1020 3050100200 3005001k
2k3k5k10k20k 30k50k100k
Frequency (Hz)
■ Total harmonic distortion
1.000
0.500
0.200
0.100
0.050
0.020
THD + N Ratio (%)
0.010
0.005
0.002
0.001
20kHz
20Hz
1kHz
105210050201
Output (W)
27
Appendix
■ Total harmonic distortion (PHONO)
10
5
3
2
1
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.01
THD + N Ratio (%)
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.0005
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
100µ200µ500µ1m2m5m10m20m
20Hz1kHz20kHz
50m100m 200m500m12
Generator Level (Vrms)
28
English
Troubleshooting
Refer to the table below if this unit does not function properly. If the instructions below do not help, or if the problem you
are experiencing is not listed below, turn off the unit, disconnect the power plug, and contact the nearest authorized
Yamaha dealer or service center.
ProblemCauseRemedy
The power cable is not connected to
Power does not turn on.
The A (Power) indicator
on the front panel
flashes.
When the unit is
powered on, the INPUT
indicator flashes and
the volume level
decreases.
No sound is heard.
The sound is suddenly
muted.
The volume level
cannot be adjusted.
Only one channel
speaker can be heard.
the AC IN connector on the rear panel
or is not plugged into an AC outlet.
The unit has been exposed to a
strong external electric shock (such as
lightning or strong static electricity).
The protection circuitry has been
activated because of a short circuit,
etc.
There is a problem with the internal
circuitries of this unit.
The protection circuitry has been
activated because of a short circuit,
etc.
Incorrect input or output cable
connections.
No appropriate input source has been
selected.
The SPEAKERS selector is set to OFF.
The speaker cables are not connected
properly.
The protection circuitry has been
activated because of a short circuit,
etc.
MAIN DIRECT is selected as the input
source.
The playback component or speakers
are not connected properly.
The volume level balance between
the left and right speakers is not
adjusted properly.
Connect the power cable firmly.21
Turn off the unit, disconnect the power plug from
the AC outlet, wait for about 30 seconds, and then
plug the unit in again.
Make sure that the speaker wires are not touching
each other or shorting out against the rear panel of
the unit, and then turn on the power to the unit.
Disconnect the power plug from the AC outlet and
contact the nearest authorized Yamaha dealer or
service.
Make sure that the speaker wires are not touching
each other or shorting out against the rear panel of
the unit, and then turn on the power to the unit.
Connect the cables properly. If the problem
persists, the cables might be defective.
Select an appropriate input source using the INPUT
selector on the front panel (or one of the input
selector keys on the remote control).
Set the SPEAKERS selector to the appropriate
position.
Make sure that the speaker cables are connected
properly.
Make sure that the speaker wires are not touching
each other or shorting out against the rear panel of
the unit, and then turn on the power to the unit.
Adjust the volume level on the connected
component.
Alternatively, connect the external component to a
pair of the input jacks other than the MAIN IN jacks,
and then select the corresponding input source.
Make sure that they are connected properly. If the
problem persists, the cables might be defective.
Adjust the volume level balance between the left
and right speakers properly using the BALANCE
control.
See
page
—
18
—
18
16
8, 12
7
18
18
8
16
8
29
Appendix
ProblemCauseRemedy
There is a lack of bass
and no ambience.
A “humming” noise is
heard.
Playback audio is
distorted while you
listen to a connected CD
player or tape deck
through headphones
(that are connected to a
CD player or tape deck).
The volume level of the
vinyl record is too low.
The remote control
does not work or
function properly.
The + and − wires are connected in
reverse at the amplifier or the
speakers.
Incorrect input or output cable
connections.
The turntable is not grounded to the
GND terminal.
The power to the unit is turned off.Turn on the power to the unit.6
The MM/MC switch on the rear panel
is set incorrectly.
The remote control has been used
out of the operating range.
Direct sunlight or lighting (from an
inverter type of fluorescent lamp,
strobe light, etc.) is hitting the remote
control sensor on the front panel.
The batteries are weak.Replace all batteries.14
Connect the speaker wires to the correct + and −
phase.
Connect the cables properly. If the problem
persists, the cables might be defective.
Connect the turntable to the GND terminal of this
unit.
Set the MM/MC switch to the MM or MC position
according to the type of magnetic cartridge of the
turntable.
The remote control must be used within a
maximum distance of 6 m and no more than
30 degrees off-axis from the remote control sensor
on the front panel.
Change the orientation of the lighting or reposition
the unit.
See
page
18
16
16
10
14
—
Maintenance
Mirror-finish side panels
We recommend that you use a cleaning cloth such as those made for pianos.
Other surfaces
Do not use chemical agents, such as benzene or thinner for cleaning. Otherwise, the surfaces might be damaged.
Wipe the surfaces using a soft dry cloth.
30
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