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GATEWAY
Vega BS gateway designed to deploy LoRaWAN network within
863-870 MHz frequency band.
Vega BS operates with Linux operating system and supplied with
pre-installed Packet forwarder software.
VEGA BS
User Manual
www.vega-absolute.ru
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Document Information
Title
Gateway Vega BS
Document type
Manual – Translation from Russian
Document number
V02-BS-01
Revision and date
15 - 20 November 2018
Product name
Type number
Gateways
Vega BS-1
Vega BS-2
Vega BS-1.2
Vega BS-2.2
Revision
Date
Name
Comments
01
27.04.2017
KEV
Document creation date
02
15.05.2017
PKP
Minor edits
03
18.05.2017
KEV
Общее руководство на БС-1 и БС-2
04
13.06.2017
KEV
Edits in the content of the package
05
14.06.2017
KEV
Part «Configuration» was edit, A5 format
06
14.08.2017
KEV
Antenna mounting recommendation was added
07
16.08.2017
KEV
Part «Operation» was edit
08
28.08.2017
KEV
Minor edits in the «Configuration of a static IP-adress»
09
27.09.2017
KEV
«SIM card installation» was added
10
02.11.2017
KEV
Parts «Gateway setting up for 3G operation»,
«Recommendations» were added, new format
This document applies to the following products:
Revision History
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11
29.06.2018
KEV
Vega BS-1.2 and Vega BS-2.2 description is added, content
of the package is changed, working temperatures are
changed
12
23.08.2018
KEV
Minor changes
13
18.09.2018
KEV
Minor changes
14
24.10.2018
KEV
Ethernet type added in specification
15
20.11.2018
KEV
Changes in part «Configuration of a static IP-adress», adds to
part «Start of work»
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CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION PRINCIPLES................................................................................................................... 6
2 SPECIFICATION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7
3 OPERATION .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Input and output interfaces ................................................................................................................................................ 10
SIM card installation at the BS-2 and BS-2.2 ................................................................................................................... 11
Control instruments – pushbuttons and switches ........................................................................................................ 13
Indication ............................................................................................................................................................................... 14
4 GATEWAY CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................................................. 15
Connection to the computer – start of work ................................................................................................................. 15
Packet forwarder updating to 4.0.1 version .................................................................................................................... 22
Configuration of a static IP-adress for the gateway ...................................................................................................... 24
Gateway setting up for 3G operation ............................................................................................................................... 30
5 STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 33
6 CONTENT OF THE PACKAGE ............................................................................................................................................. 34
7 WARRANTY ............................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Appendix – recommendations for working with gateway .............................................................................................. 36
Antenna mounting recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 36
Recommendations for gateway using in white IP net .................................................................................................. 37
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The gateway shall be installed and adjusted by qualified specialists in
order to ensure proper operation of the device.
Vega BS/User Manual
INTRODUCTION
This manual is designed for Vega BS-1, Vega BS-2, Vega BS-1.2 and Vega BS-2.2
gateways (hereinafter – the gateway) manufactured by Vega-Absolute LLC and provides
information on powering and activation procedure, control commands and functions of the
gateway.
This manual is targeted at specialists familiar with installation work fundamentals for
electronic and electrical equipment.
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IP65
IP67
1 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION PRINCIPLES
Vega BS gateway is designed to deploy LoRaWAN network within 863-870 MHz
frequency band.
The gateway operates with Linux operating system and is supplied with pre-installed
Packet forwarder software.
Vega BS/User Manual
The gateway is powered and communicates with the server via the Ethernet channel.
The device is configured through Ethernet via SSH protocol with any terminal program
(e.g. PuTTY).
Vega BS-2 and Vega BS-2.2 have an additional 3G-module for communication channel
and GPS/GLONASS-module for gateway positioning, and internal clock synchronizing with
navigation-satellites signals.
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BS-1
BS-1.2
BS-2
BS-2.2
Main
GPS/GLONASS module
no
yes
3G modem
no
yes
Server communication
link
Ethernet 10/100 Base-T
Ethernet 10/100 Base-T,
GSM 3G
Operating system
Linux
USB-port
yes
Operating
-40…+70 °С
LoRaWAN
Number of LoRa
channels
8
Frequency band
863-870 MHz
Power output
up to 500 mW
Antenna connector
SMA
N-Type female
SMA
N-Type
Radio coverage in
restrained urban
conditions
up to 5 km
Radio coverage within
line of sight
up to 15 km
Power
Power consumption
3 W
4 W
Power supply
Passive POE 4,5(+) 7,8(-) 15 W
Case
Housing dimensions
165 х 110 х 40
190 х 183 х 75
165 х 110 х 40
190 х 183 х 75
Ingress protection
IP65
IP67
IP65
IP67
Mounting
mast supports
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2 SPECIFICATION
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3 OPERATION
The gateway terminal board has control and indication instruments, input and output
interfaces. Detailed information see below.
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Fig. 3.1. Control and indication instruments, input and output interfaces.
1 – mini USB-port for connection to a computer
2 – USB-host for connection of external devices
3
– /Spare/
4 – gateway reset button
5 – service DIP-switches
6 – performance indicators of various systems
7 – micro SD-card connector
8 – Ethernet-cable connector
9 – additional power connector (optional)
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Contact no.
Color
Designation
1
Orange-and-white
TD+ signal
2
Orange
TD- signal
3
Green-and-white
RD+ signal
4
Blue
Power
5
Blue-and-white
Power
6
Green
RD- signal
7
Brown-and-white
Ground
8
Brown
Ground
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CONTACTS
Fig. 3.2. Contacts in the connectors.
The gateway is connected to the network with 8-core network cable (twisted pair)
through connector on the terminal board (fig. 3.1 (8)). Cable shall be crimped in compliance
with Т568А and Т568B standards. Contacts shall be numerated 1-8 right-to-left.
Colors are shown for cable T568B:
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SMA
N
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There is an additional power connector on the board (fig. 3.1 (9)). It can be connectable
only when power contacts 4, 5 and 7, 8 in the network cable are disabled. Permissible power
voltage is 12-48 V. Minimum power is 20 W.
INPUT AND OUTPUT INTERFACES
The gateway has a mini-USB-port for connecting to a computer and working via the SSH
protocol (Fig. 3.1 (1)), and a USB-host for connecting of external devices via a USB cable (Fig. 3.1
(2)). There is a slot on the board for a SD card (fig. 3.1 (7)).
In addition, there is a connector on the gateway housing for connecting of the antenna
supplied with the device: SMA or N-connector.
For high-quality signal reception, it is important to place the gateway antenna properly.
For antenna installing recommendations, see the Appendix.
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BS-2
BS-2.2
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SIM CARD INSTALLATION AT THE BS-2 AND BS-2.2
Vega BS-2 and Vega BS-2.2 gateways include a GSM module, installing on the main
board.
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The SIM slot is located on the back of the module. To install the SIM card, you must
disconnect the GSM module from the main board and turn it over.
You need to insert the SIM card of the micro-SIM format into the slot, and then return
the GSM module on its own place.
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CONTROL INSTRUMENTS – PUSHBUTTONS AND SWITCHES
There are two buttons on the gateway board. One button is spare for further
developments (Fig. 3.1 (3)). Push the other button (Fig. 3.1 (4)) for the gateway instantaneous
rebooting.
In addition, there are DIP-switches (Fig. 3.1 (5)) on the board used to select the download
option of the firmware image: from internal memory, from the SD card or via mini-USB from
the computer. The switches are only for service conditions. In operating mode, only switches
3 and 4 shall be enable, see fig. 3.3.
Fig. 3.3. Operating position of DIP-switches
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LED
Color
Indication
Rx
Green
Flashes
– data exchange via USB_DBG port
Tx
Red
Link
Green
Flashes
– activity via Ethernet
GPS1
Blue
Doesn’t light
– no data from GPS-receiver
Flashes
– there data exist, but are not valid for use by Packet
forwarder
Lights –
location identified
LoRa
Yellow
Lights
– Packet forwarder is started
Doesn’t light
– Packet forwarder is stopped
GSM
Green
Lights
– GSM-modem is enabled
Doesn’t light
– GSM-modem is disabled
PWR
Red
Lights
– gateway is powered
Doesn’t light
– gateway is not powered
1
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INDICATION
There are several LEDs (fig. 3.1 (6)) on the terminal board; its signals showing in the table
below. They indicate operation of particular systems: power (on / off), visibility of GPS satellites,
GSM modem (on / off), operation of the LoRa signals processing program (Packet forwarder
on/off), Ethernet activity, the data exchange via mini USB port.
GPS LED indicates the GPS system functioning only while Packet forwarder processing (LoRa LED lights).
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4 GATEWAY CONFIGURATION
CONNECTION TO THE COMPUTER – START OF WORK
The gateway is configuring while connects to a computer using a terminal program.
Connection is possible, for example, with a mass-market PuTTY program. There are two ways
of connection to the gateway – via a serial port or SSH.
1. Connection via a serial port
In case of a serial port, connect the gateway to a personal computer with a mini-USB
connector by a cable. On the board, the required port designating as USB_DBG (Fig. 3.1 (1)).
Next, connect to a virtual COM port by installing the driver for MCP2200. "Ports (COM and LPT)"
menu appears at the device manager.
Search “USB Serial Port” in the “Ports” menu and see its number.
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Open PuTTY, select Serial, enter number of the gateway virtual COM-port and speed
(115200) in the corresponding fields.
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Push “Open” button.
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2. Connection via SSH
In case of SSH, select SSH connection in the PuTTY dialog box, enter the device's IPaddress and port 22. By default, the device obtains an IP-address via DHCP when connected
via Ethernet.
Push “Open” button.
After connecting to the gateway by one of the methods, PuTTY terminal window
appears where you should to enter login and password. By default, login root and password
temppwd (symbols not displaying while entering the password) are used for connection to
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the gateway. At the first connection, it is recommend to change the password for individual
access.
Now the configuration can be carrying out.
Packet forwarder starts automatically when the system starts. Before the gateway
configuring, stop Packet forwarder by entering command:
/etc/init.d/lora_watchdog stop
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Settings contained in local_conf.json file take priority over global_conf.json
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Configuration files are in the directory LoRa/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd – it may
contain frequency band, the gateway ID, IP-address and server ports settings.
global_conf.json – global configuration file;
local_conf.json – local configuration file.
Enter the command, containing the required configuration file in order to change the
settings, for example:
After all changes completed enter the command:
/etc/init.d/lora_watchdog start
Packet forwarder will automatically start with new settings.
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To connect the gateway to the server, you must use the UDP port
specified in the server configuration file. On the gateway, the port
configuration is in the global_conf.json file
In the global_conf.json file, the UDP port settings are in the gateway_conf section,
there are server_port_up and server_port_down parameters.
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In order to communicate with the server correctly, you should make sure that these
UDP port parameters correspond to those specified in the server configuration file (see details
in the «IOT Vega Server Manual»).
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To replace configuration file (for example, for change frequency plan) you need to
make the following steps:
1. Go to Packet forwarder directory by the command:
cd LoRa/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd/
2. Download file with needful settings. For example, from iotvega.com the EU868
frequency plan file (following command is exactly for that file):
wget http://iotvega.com/content/ru/bs/bs01/EU868_global_conf.json
3. Open the old file global_conf.json by the command:
nano LoRa/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd/global_conf.json
and make a copy of the next parameters - gateway_ID, server address and port, and
then close the file.
4. Delete old file global_conf.json by the command:
rm global_conf.json
5. Make a copy of downloaded file (EU868_global_conf.json in our example) with a
new name global_conf.json by the command:
cp EU868_global_conf.json global_conf.json
6. Open file global_conf.json by the command:
nano LoRa/packet_forwarder/lora_pkt_fwd/global_conf.json
and specify saved in step 3 parameters, - gateway_ID, server address and port, and
then save and close the file.
7. Restart gateway by the command: reboot
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Before upgrading Packet forwarder, save the settings from the files
local_conf.json and global_conf.json located in ~/LoRa/packet_forwarder
/lora_pkt_fwd/ for later restoration of the settings after the update
PACKET FORWARDER UPDATING TO 4.0.1 VERSION
Packet forwarder updating through computer connection using the terminal program in
the following way:
1. After connecting to gateway, enter login and password in the PuTTY terminal
window.
2. Enter a command /etc/init.d/lora_watchdog stop – command to turn off the internal
timer.
3. Go to the root directory with the command cd ~/
4. Delete files of the previous version of Packet forwarder by sequential introduction
of commands:
rm -r LoRa
rm LoRa.tar.gz
5. Download files of the new version of the Packet forwarder by typing at the
command line:
wget ftp://89.189.183.233:14104/3.12.10-ti2013.12.01/LoRa_v4.0.1.tar.gz
6. Unzip the downloaded files with the command tar xf LoRa_v4.0.1.tar.gz -C ~/
7. Move downloaded files to the working directory mv ~/LoRa_v4.0.1 ~/LoRa
8. Restore settings in files local_conf.json и global_conf.json
9. If the GPS module in BS-2 has a label "MOD_EVA", then in the file global_conf.json
the option "ubx_timegps_control_enable" should be enabled, i.e.
"Ubx_timegps_control_enable": true. In other cases, when the GPS-module has
other labels, that option should be disabled, i.e. "Ubx_timegps_control_enable":
false.
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10. Restart the Packet forwarder process with the command
/etc/init.d/lora_watchdog start
Update complete.
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CONFIGURATION OF A STATIC IP-ADRESS FOR THE GATEWAY
Configuration of a static IP is different for first generation gateways and second.
For the first generation (BS-1 and BS-2) configuration carrying out with the terminal
program in the following way:
1. After connecting to the gateway, enter login and password in the PuTTY terminal
window.
2. Open file nano /etc/network/interfaces. Search authorization settings in this file:
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In that example shown setting of the static IP-address 192.168.240.252
and gateway 192.168.240.1
You need to change those values to others, which are necessary to your
own case
Vega BS/User Manual
3. Enter changes highlighted in red:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
pre-up /bin/grep -v -e "ip=[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+" /proc/cmdline > /dev/null
address 192.168.240.252
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.240.1
4. Open file nano link_detect.sh - then search string
if [ "$LINK_STATE" == "UP" ] ; then
Check after this string the following string is entered
if [ -n "$(cat /etc/network/interfaces | grep "iface $INTERFACE inet dhcp")" ]; then
Check before string
killall -15 lora_pkt_fwd
the following string is entered
fi
(see figure below)
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5. If the strings correspond to the figure above, do not change anything. If these strings
are absent, enter them – changes are highlighted in red:
if [ "$LINK_STATE" == "UP" ] ; then
if [ -n "$(cat /etc/network/interfaces | grep "iface $INTERFACE inet dhcp")" ]; then
killall -15 udhcpc
udhcpc –R –t 5 –n –p /var/run/udhcpc.$INTERFACE.pid –i $INTERFACE
fi
killall -15 lora_pkt_fwd
6. Enter reboot at the command line to reboot the gateway with new settings.
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For the second generation (BS-1.2 and BS-2.2) configuration carrying out with the
terminal program in the following way:
1. After connecting to the gateway, enter login and password in the PuTTY terminal
window.
2. Open file nano /etc/network/interfaces. Search authorization settings in this file:
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3. That are strings exactly:
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4. For static IP mode, you should to remove # symbol from the 3
specify your parameters are address, netmask and gateway.
5. Comment the 2
nd
string, there is result on the following screenshot (but another
addresses value):
rd
to 6th strings and
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In that example shown setting of the static IP-address 192.168.10.2 and
gateway 192.168.10.1
You need to change those values to others, which are necessary to your
own case
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6. Type reboot in command line for gateway restarting with new settings.
7. Going back is similar.
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Gateway BS-2.2 does not required a special setting up for 3G operation,
except the paragraph 3, namely – specify a cellular operator APN
GATEWAY SETTING UP FOR 3G OPERATION
Gateway BS-2 setting up for 3G operation using the terminal program carried out in the
following order:
1. After connecting to the gateway enter login and password in the PuTTY terminal
window.
2. Check, that in file nano /etc/ppp/peers/wvdial entered strings highlighted in red:
noauth
name wvdial
usepeerdns
defaultroute
replacedefaultroute
Vega BS/User Manual
If these strings are not present, then you should to add them.
3. Check, that in file nano /etc/wvdial.conf entered strings highlighted in red:
; Init1 = ATZ
; Init2=ATQO V1 E1 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Init1 = AT+CPIN?
Init2 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","internet.beeline.ru"
Modem Type = USB Modem
Baud = 460800
New PPPD = yes
Auto Reconnect = off
Modem = /dev/ttyACM0
ISDN = 0
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In that example shown 3G setting for Beeline cellular operator
You need to change those values to others, which are necessary to your
own case
Password and Username fields could not be are empty, if those parameters
are not used by the cellular operator, then you may to enter ‘internet’ word at
both fields for example
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Phone = *99#
Password = beeline
Username = beeline
where "internet.beeline.ru" is APN cellular operator. Change APN value according to APN
cellular operator using by the gateway.
If the strings correspond to the figure above, you do not need to change anything. If
these strings are not present, then you should to add them. At that, strings
Init1 = AT+CPIN?
Init2 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","internet.beeline.ru"
are entering instead string
Init = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","internet.beeline.ru"
The last three strings of the file specify the required dial-up phone, user name and
password (different for each cellular operator):
Phone = *99#
Password = beeline
Username = beeline
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If you use such two communication channels as Ethernet and 3G at the same
time you should to remember that Ethernet has a priority for communication
and 3G used as a backup option if gateway cannot communicate with the
server via Ethernet
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4. Create a script to update the DNS data received from the operator
nano /etc/ppp/ip-up.d/resolv_conf_update
#!/bin/sh -e
cat /etc/ppp/resolv.conf > /etc/resolv.conf
exit 0
Give him the right to run by typing at the command line:
chmod +x /etc/ppp/ip-up.d/resolv_conf_update
5. Add parameters to startup by typing at the command line:
update-rc.d gsm_init defaults
6. Type reboot at the command line to reboot the gateway with new settings.
To stop using the 3G modem for communicate with server, type at the command line
update-rc.d -f gsm_init remove and restart the gateway to apply new settings.
To start using the 3G modem to communicate with the server again, type update-rc.d
gsm_init defaults at the command line and restart the gateway to apply new settings.
For recommendations for gateways using white IP, see Appendix.
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5 STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION REQUIREMENTS
Vega BS gateways shall be stored in the original packaging in heated room at
temperatures +5 °С to +40 °С and relative humidity less than 85 %.
The gateway transportation is permissible in covered freight compartments of all types
at any distance at temperatures -40 °C to +85 °C.
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6 CONTENT OF THE PACKAGE
The gateway delivered complete with:
Vega BS gateway – 1 pc.
POE-adapter– 1 pc.
Factory certificate – 1 pc.
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7 WARRANTY
The manufacturer guarantees normal operation of the gateway and its elements within
36 months from the date of sale.
The manufacturer undertakes to repair or replace the failed device within 36 months
from the date of sale.
The consumer undertakes to comply with the terms and conditions of transportation,
storage and operation, specified in this manual.
Warranty does not apply to:
- the device with mechanical, electrical and / or other damages and defects caused by
violation of the transportation, storage and operation requirements;
- the device lacking any part of the kit;
- the device with traces of repair performed not by the manufacturer's service center;
- the device with traces of oxidation or other signs of liquids leaking inside the device.
In the event of a warranty claim, contact the service center:
113/1, Kirova Str., Novosibirsk, 630008, Russia.
Tel.: +7 (383) 206-41-35.
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For example, 25 meters of RG-58 cable attenuate the signal by 14 dBm, i.e. if
transmission power is 14 dBm (25mW), the power on the antenna will be 1mW
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APPENDIX – RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WORKING WITH GATEWAY
ANTENNA MOUNTING RECOMMENDATIONS
The Antenna included in the scope of supply has fasteners for installation on a mast
support. To ensure maximum communication range, follow the installation guidelines for the
antenna:
1. Install the antenna outside, preferably on the roof of the building (the higher - the
better, depending on the surrounding buildings). Installing the antenna in the room significantly
weakens the sensitivity of the antenna.
2. The installation site shall be as far as possible from the cellular antennas. Antenna
tuning requires the maximum distance from other antennas. After tuning and testing, antenna
can be brought back closer to the cellular antennas, if the quality of the communication is
satisfactory.
3. The antenna shall not stand in the close proximity to obstacles (about 2 meters from
railing, walls, etc.). The sensitivity towards the obstacle weakens.
4. The gateway shall be installed in the close proximity to the antenna – at the length of
the antenna coaxial conductor. Increase of the cable length between the antenna and the
gateway will result in a loss of antenna sensitivity.
5. The antenna directional pattern shall be taken into account. In the horizontal plane,
the antenna has a circular direction, but no vertical direction. Therefore, the quality of
communication directly under the antenna will be worse than at some distance from the
antenna.
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RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GATEWAY USING IN WHITE IP NET
In case the BS is used in network with white IP, it is recommended to change the standard
port numbers of ssh and telnet to anothers. This should be taken into account while port
forwarding. The steps sequence for changing BS dropbear and telnetd ports is described below.
To change ssh port:
1. Enter at the command line of the terminal program /etc/init.d/dropbear stop
2. Open file nano /etc/init.d/dropbear
3. Find string DROPBEAR_PORT=22 and change standard port «22» to another, then
save the file.
4. Enter at the command line of the terminal program /etc/init.d/dropbear start
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To change telnet port:
1. Enter at the command line of the terminal program /etc/init.d/telnetd stop
2. Enter at the command line killall -15 telnetd
3. Open file nano /etc/init.d/telnetd - and find strings:
4. Enter strings highlighted in red (instead of "2224" enter the desired port number):
telnetd=/usr/sbin/telnetd
port="-p 2224"
...
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --exec $telnetd -- $port
5. Save file and enter at the command line /etc/init.d/telnetd start
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vega-absolute.ru
User Manual © Vega-Absolute LLC 2017
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