TRENDnet TI-PG102i User Manual

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TRENDnet User’s Guide

Cover Page

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Contents

Products Overview .......................................................................... 1

TI-PG541i ....................................................................................................................... 1

TI-PG102i ....................................................................................................................... 1

TI-G160WS ..................................................................................................................... 2

Products Hardwares and Features ................................................... 3

Management Host ............................................................................................. 24

MAC Management ...................................................................................................... 26

Static MAC Settings............................................................................................ 26

Age Time Settings .............................................................................................. 28

MAC Table ......................................................................................................... 28

Port Mirror ................................................................................................................... 29

Port Settings ................................................................................................................ 31

PoE ................................................................................................................................. 3

TI-PG541i ....................................................................................................................... 3

TI-PG102i ....................................................................................................................... 6

Non-PoE ......................................................................................................................... 9

TI-G160WS ..................................................................................................................... 9

Switch Installation ........................................................................ 12

DIN-Rail Installation ..................................................................................................... 12

Install power supply connections ................................................................................ 13

SFP Transceiver/Optical Cable Installation .................................................................. 13

Basic IP Configuration .................................................................................................. 14

Connect additional devices to your switch .................................................................. 15

Accessing switch management interfaces ...................................... 16

Access your switch command line interface................................................................ 16

CLI Command Modes ......................................................................................... 16

Access your switch web management page ................................................................ 18

System Information....................................................................... 19

Basic Settings ................................................................................ 20

General Settings .......................................................................................................... 20

System ............................................................................................................... 20

Jumbo Frame ..................................................................................................... 21

SNTP ................................................................................................................... 22

General Settings ................................................................................................ 32

Information ........................................................................................................ 34

Advanced Settings ........................................................................ 35

Bandwidth Control ...................................................................................................... 35

QoS .................................................................................................................... 35

Rate Limitation .................................................................................................. 41

IGMP Snooping ............................................................................................................ 44

IGMP Snooping .................................................................................................. 44

Multicast Address .............................................................................................. 47

VLAN ............................................................................................................................ 50

Port Isolation ..................................................................................................... 50

802.1Q VLAN ...................................................................................................... 51

MAC VLAN ......................................................................................................... 55

DHCP Options .............................................................................................................. 56

DHCP Relay .................................................................................................................. 59

EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet) .................................................................................... 62

Link Aggregation .......................................................................................................... 63

Loop Detection ............................................................................................................ 67

Modbus ........................................................................................................................ 70

Power over Ethernet ................................................................................................... 74

STP ............................................................................................................................... 79

Security ........................................................................................ 87

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Table of Contents

IP Source Guard ........................................................................................................... 87

Device Management.................................................................................................. 125

Binding Table ..................................................................................................... 92

ARP Inspection ................................................................................................... 94

Filter Table ......................................................................................................... 96

Access Control List (ACL) .............................................................................................. 97

802.1x ........................................................................................................................ 101

Port Security .............................................................................................................. 106

Monitor ...................................................................................... 108

Alarm ......................................................................................................................... 108

Port Statistics ............................................................................................................. 108

Port Utilization ........................................................................................................... 109

RMON Statistics ......................................................................................................... 110

SFP Information ......................................................................................................... 110

Traffic Monitor ........................................................................................................... 111

Management .............................................................................. 113

SNMP ......................................................................................................................... 113

SNMP Trap ....................................................................................................... 115

Auto Provision ........................................................................................................... 116

Mail Alarm ................................................................................................................. 117

Maintenance .............................................................................................................. 120

System Log ................................................................................................................. 123

User Account ............................................................................................................. 123

Toplogy Map .............................................................................................................. 129

Technical Specifications .............................................................. 130

TI-PG541i ................................................................................................................... 130

TI-PG102i ................................................................................................................... 133

TI-G160WS ................................................................................................................. 136

Troubleshooting ......................................................................... 139

Appendix .................................................................................... 140

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Products Overview

TI-PG541i

TRENDnet’s 6-Port Hardened Industrial Gigabit PoE+ Layer 2 Managed DIN-Rail Switch, model TI-PG541i, has four Gigabit PoE+ ports, one Gigabit port, one Gigabit SFP slot and a 120W PoE budget. The switch is equipped with an IP30 rated metal enclosure and designed to withstand a high degree of vibration, shock, protection against ESD/EMI/surge, and operate within a wide temperature range (- 40 – 70 °C (- 40 - 158 °F)) for harsh environments. L2 management include features such as PoE port control, VLAN, multicast, and QoS which allow for network integration flexibility.

TRENDnet’s 10-Port Industrial Gigabit L2 Managed PoE+ DIN-Rail Switch, model TIPG102i, features eight Gigabit PoE+ ports with a 240W PoE budget, and includes two SFP slots that support both 100Base-FX and 1000Base-FX modules for long distance fiber applications. The hardened switch is equipped with an IP30 rated metal enclosure, designed to withstand a high degree of vibration and shock, while operating within a wide temperature range of -40° – 75° C (-40° – 167° F) for industrial environments. Advanced traffic management controls, troubleshooting, and SNMP monitoring support make this a powerful solution for SMB networks.

TI-PG102i

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

TI-G160WS

TRENDnet’s 16-Port Industrial Gigabit Web Smart DIN-Rail Switch, model TI-G160WS, delivers advanced management features with a 32Gbps switching capacity. Users are able to connect sixteen devices to the switch for high speed gigabit network connections. The switch is equipped with an IP30 rated metal enclosure, designed to withstand a high degree of vibration and shock, while operating within a wide temperature range of -40° – 75° C (-40° – 167° F) for industrial environments. Advanced traffic management controls, troubleshooting, and SNMP monitoring support make this a powerful solution for SMB networks.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

LED

State

Status

PWR (Green)

When the PWR LED is on, the device is using the primary power input source.

OFF

Primary power input source is off, disconnected, or has failed.

RPS (Green)

When the RPS LED lights on, the device is using the redundant power input source.

OFF

Redundant power input source is off, disconnected or has failed.

ALM (Red)

Indicates alarm has been triggered on DIP switch settings and signal sent out through ALM terminals on terminal block to third party alarm device.

OFF

No alarm triggered.

POST (Green)

Device is ready and completed boot process.

OFF

Device is not ready.

SFP Slot 6 (Green)

SFP link is connected.

BLINKING

Data is transmitting/receiving.

OFF

SFP link is disconnected.

PoE Ports 1-4 (Green)

PoE supplied to Ethernet port.

OFF

No PoE supplied to Ethernet port.

Ports 1-5 1000M (Green)

10/100M (Off)

Ethernet port is connected.

BLINKING

Data is transmitting/receiving. OFF

Ethernet port is not connected.

LED Indicators

PoE+ Gigabit

RJ-45 ports

10/100/1000 Mbps per port LED indicator

LINK/ACT per port LED

indicator

IP30 Rated Housing

PoE LEDs

SFP+ Slots

Gigabit RJ-45 port

Products Hardwares and Features

LED Indicators

PoE

TI-PG541i

Front View

 Ports 1-4 – Designed to operate at 10Mbps, 100Mbps, or Gigabit speed in both

half-duplex and full-duplex transfer modes. Supports Auto MDI-X and capable of delivering up to 30W (802.3at PoE+) per port.

 Port 5 - Designed to operate at 10Mbps, 100Mbps, or Gigabit speed in both

half-duplex and full-duplex transfer modes. Supports Auto MDI-X

 SFP Slot 6 – Designed to operate at Gigabit speeds.  Reset/Reboot Button – Push the button for 10 seconds and release to reset the

switch to factory defaults. Push the button for 3 seconds and release to reboot.

 Grounding point/screw – The switch chassis can also be connected to a known

ground point for additional safety and protection. (grounding wire not included)

Note: For any unused ports or SFP slots, it is recommended to leave the rubber plugs installed during operation.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Input/Ouput

Function

PWR Input (+) & (-)

Connects primary power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input first priority if available.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Please ensure that the external power supply is supplying within the range of 48VDC ~ 57VDC @ 120W or above. 130W for max. PoE+ power.

Please note power supply is sold separately (model: TI-24048) Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity

protection.

RPS Input (+) & (-)

Connects redundant power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input secondary priority if primary power input is not available or has failed.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Please ensure that the external power supply is supplying within the range of 48VDC ~ 57VDC @ 120W or above. 130W for max. PoE+ power.

Please note power supply is sold separately (model: TI-24048) Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity

protection.

ALM Output

Connects external alarm and sends output signal if fault is detected based on DIP switch settings.

Supports an output with current carrying capacity of 1A @ 24V DC.

DIP Switches

Reset Button (bottom of unit)

Ground point

6-pin terminal block (PWR, RPS, ALM)

DIP switch definition

DC Jack (optional, see below)

Top View

DC Jack Input for External Power Adapter

The device includes a DC Jack for an external power adapter and can also be used as an additional redundant power supply (RPS) input. Please ensure that the external power adapter is supplying 48VDC @

120W or above. 130W for max. PoE+ power. Please note power adapter is sold separately (model: 48VDC3000)

**Supported power supplies: TI-S12024 (120W), TI-S24048 (240W), TI-S48048 (480W).

Lower wattage power supplies may be used but may result in decreased PoE power

*Please note power supply is sold separately*

budget**

6-pin Removable Terminal Block

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

DIP No

Name

State

Status

PWR

Primary power input source alarm trigger enabled.

OFF

Primary power input source alarm trigger disabled.

RPS

Redundant power input source alarm trigger enabled.

OFF

Redundant power input source alarm trigger disabled.

ALM DIP Switches

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

LED Indicators

PoE+ Gigabit

RJ-45 ports

10/100/1000 Mbps per port LED indicator

LINK/ACT per port LED indicator

IP30 Rated Housing

PoE LEDs

SFP+ Slots

TI-PG102i

Front View

 PoE+ Ports 1-8 – Designed to operate at 10Mbps, 100Mbps, or Gigabit speed in

both half-duplex and full-duplex transfer modes while simultaneously providing power to supported PoE devices. Supports Auto MDI-X.

 Reset Button – Push the button for 5-10 seconds and release to reboot.  Grounding point/screw – The switch chassis can also be connected to a known

ground point for additional safety and protection. (grounding wire not included)

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Input/Output

Function

PWR Input (+) & (-)

Connects primary power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input first priority if available.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity protection.

RPS Input (+) & (-)

Connects redundant power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input secondary priority if primary power input is not available or has failed.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity protection.

ALM Output

Connects external alarm and sends output signal if fault is detected based on DIP switch settings.

Supports an output with current carrying capacity of 1A @ 24V DC.

DIP Switches

Reset Button

Ground point

6-pin terminal block (PWR, RPS, ALM)

DIP switch definition

Top View

*Please note power supply is sold separately*

**Supported power supplies: TI-S12024 (120W), TI-S24048 (240W), TI-S48048 (480W).

Lower wattage power supplies may be used but may result in decreased PoE power

budget**

6-pin Removable Terminal Block

Note: Turn off the power before connecting modules or wires.

Calculate the maximum possible current in each power wire and common wire. Observe all electrical codes dictating the maximum current allowable for each wire size. If current go above the maximum ratings, the wiring could overheat, causing serious damage to your equipment.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Switch

Status

Function

1 OFF

Disable alarm relay for PWR power input

Enable alarm relay for power failure on PWR power input

2 OFF

Disable alarm relay for RPS power input

Enable alarm relay for power failure on RPS power input

OFF

Storm control managed by switch configuration

Enable storm control (Broadcast and DLF rate set to 300pps) Takes precedence over storm control switch configuration

OFF

802.1p QoS managed by switch configuration

Enable 802.1p QoS on ports 1 and 2 (Set CoS priority to tag 4 on ports 1 and 2)

Takes precedence over 802.1p QoS switch configuration

5 OFF

Port 9 SFP set to Gigabit speed full duplex

Port 9 SFP set to 100Mbps speed full duplex

6 OFF

Port 10 SFP set to Gigabit speed full duplex

Port 10 SFP set to 100Mbps speed full duplex

ALM DIP Switches

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

LED Indicators

Gigabit RJ-45 ports

10/100/1000 Mbps per port LED indicator

LINK/ACT per port LED

indicator

IP30 Rated

Housing

Non-PoE

TI-G160WS

Front View

 Ports 1-16 – Designed to operate at 10Mbps, 100Mbps, or Gigabit speed in

both half-duplex and full-duplex transfer modes. Supports Auto MDI-X.

 Reboot Button – Push the button for 3 seconds and release to reboot.  Grounding point/screw – The switch chassis can also be connected to a known

ground point for additional safety and protection. (grounding wire not included)

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Input/Output

Function

PWR Input (+) & (-)

Connects primary power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input first priority if available.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity protection.

RPS Input (+) & (-)

Connects redundant power source (ex. external power supply) to power the device. Device will obtain power from this input secondary priority if primary power input is not available or has failed.

Please make sure to power supplies are turned off before wiring in. Use a flat-head screw driver to push the orange notches in order release

the wiring connections. While holding in released position, insert the wiring into the connection inputs from the external power supply and release the orange notch to lock in the wire connections.

Device supports overload current protection and reverse polarity protection.

ALM Output

Connects external alarm and sends output signal if fault is detected based on DIP switch settings.

Supports an output with current carrying capacity of 1A @ 24V DC.

DIP Switches

Reboot Button

Ground point

6-pin terminal block (PWR,

RPS, ALM)

DIP switch definition

Top View

*Please note power supply is sold separately*

**Supported power supplies: TI-M6024, TI-S12024 (120W), TI-S24048 (240W) **

6-pin Removable Terminal Block

Note: Turn off the power before connecting modules or wires.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

ALM DIP Switches

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Switch Installation

DIN-Rail Installation

The site where the switch will be installed may greatly affect its performance. When installing, consider the following pointers:

Note: The switch model may be different than the one shown in the example illustrations.

 Install the switch in the appropriate location. Please refer to the technical

specifications at the end of this manual for the acceptable operating temperature and humidity ranges.

 Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such

as motors), vibration, dust, and direct exposure to sunlight.

 Install the switch in a location that is not affected by strong electromagnetic field

generators (such as motors), vibration, dust, and direct sunlight.

 Leave at least 10cm of space at the front and rear of the switch for ventilation.

Fasten the DIN-Rail bracket to the rear of the switch using the included fasteners/screws.

Note: The DIN-Rail bracket may already be installed to your switch when received.

The movable clip at the top of the DIN-Rail bracket should be on top.

The switch can be installed to a 35mm (W) DIN-Rail located in cabinet, rack, or enclosure.

To mount the switch to a DIN-Rail using the attached DIN-Rail bracket, position the switch in front of the DIN-Rail and hook the bracket over the top of the rail. Then rotate the switch downward towards the rail until your hear a click indicating the bracket is secure and locked into place.

To unmount the switch from the DIN-Rail, slightly pull the switch downwards to clear the bottom of the DIN-Rail and rotate away from DIN-Rail to unmount.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Install power supply connections

Connect the power supply (sold separate, e.g. TRENDnet TI-S24048) to the switch terminal block as shown below.

Optional: The switch chassis can also be connected to a known ground point for additional safety and protection (grounding wire not included).

Note: Polarities V+ and V- should match between power supply and connections to switch terminal block.

Note: The models in the image may be different than your specific model.

SFP Transceiver/Optical Cable Installation

1. Remove the rubber plug from the SFP slot.

Note: For any unused ports or SFP slots, it is recommended to leave the rubber plugs installed during operation.

2. Slide the selected SFP module into the selected SFP slot (Make sure the SFP

module is aligned correctly with the inside of the slot)

3. Insert and slide the module into the SFP slot until it clicks into place.

4. Remove any rubber plugs that may be present in the SFP module’s slot.

5. Align the fiber cable’s connector with the SFP module’s mouth and insert the

connector

6. Slide the connector in until a click is heard

7. If you want to pull the connector out, first push down the release clip on top

of the connector to release the connector from the SFP module

To properly connect fiber cabling: Check that the fiber terminators are clean. You can clean the cable plugs by wiping them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball moistened with a little ethanol. Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair the quality of the light transmitted through the cable and lead to degraded performance on the port.

Note: When inserting the cable, be sure the tab on the plug clicks into position to ensure that it is properly seated.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Basic IP Configuration

2. Assign a static IP address to your computer’s network adapter in the subnet of

192.168.10.x (e.g. 192.168.10.25) and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.

3. Open your web browser, and type the IP address of the switch in the address bar, and then press Enter. The default IP address is 192.168.10.200.

4. Enter the User Name and Password, and then click Login. By default: User Name: admin Password: admin

Note: User name and password are case sensitive.

5. Click Basic Settings and then click General Settings.

6. Configure the switch IP address settings to be within your network subnet, then click

Apply.

Note: You may need to modify the static IP address settings of your computer’s network

adapter to IP address settings within your subnet in order to regain access to the switch

7. Click Save at the top right.

8. When confirmation message appears click OK.

Note: Once the settings are saved, you can connect the switch to your network.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Connect additional devices to your switch

You can connect additional computers or other network devices to your switch using Ethernet cables to connect them to one of the available Gigabit Ports. Check the status of the LED indicators on the front panel of your switch to ensure the physical cable connection from your computer or device.

Note: If you encounter issues connecting to your network, there may be a problem with your computer or device network settings. Please ensure that your computer or device network settings (also called TCP/IP settings) are configured properly within the network subnet your switch is connected.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Setting

Default Value

Default Username

admin

Default Password

admin

Setting

Default Value

IP Address

192.168.10.200

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.0

Default Gateway

0.0.0.0

Management VLAN

Default Username

admin

Default Password

admin

Node

Command

Description

enable

show hostname

This command displays the system’s network

name.

configure

reboot

This command reboots the system.

eth0

ip address A.B.C.D/M

This command configures a static IP and subnet mask for the system.

interface

show

This command displays the current port configurations.

vlan

show

This command displays the current VLAN configurations.

Accessing switch management interfaces

Access your switch command line interface

Note: The system may be managed using the Telnet protocol. The Telnet protocol is enabled by default. Throughout this user’s guide, the term “CLI Configuration” will be used reference access through the command line interface.

1. Connect your computer to one of the available Ethernet ports and make sure your computer and switch are assigned to an IP address with the same IP subnet.

2. On your computer, run the terminal emulation program (ex. HyperTerminal, TeraTerm, Putty, etc.) and set the program to use the Telnet protocol and enter the IP address assigned to the switch. The default IP address of the switch is 192.168.10.200 / 255.255.255.0.

3. The terminal emulation window should display a prompt for user name and

password. Enter the user name and password. By default:

Console User Name: admin

Note: User Name and Password are case sensitive.

Enable Mode/Privileged Exec User Name: admin Enable Mode/Privileged Exec Password: admin

CLI Command Modes

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

The Node type:

 enable

Its command prompt is “[DEVICE_NAME]#”. It means these commands can be executed in this command prompt.

 configure

Its command prompt is “[DEVICE_NAME](config)#”. It means these commands can be executed in this command prompt. In Enable code, executing command “configure terminal” enter the configure

node. [DEVICE_NAME]# configure terminal

 eth0

Its command prompt is “[DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#”. It means these commands can be executed in this command prompt. In Configure code, executing command “interface eth0” enter the eth0

interface node.

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface eth0

[DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#

 interface

Its command prompt is “[DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#”. It means these commands can be executed in this command prompt. In Configure code, executing command “interface gigaethernet1/0/5” enter

the interface port 5 node. Or In Configure code, executing command “interface fastethernet1/0/5” enter

the interface port 5 node. Note: depend on your port speed, gigaethernet1/0/5 for gigabit Ethernet

ports and fastethernet1/0/5 for fast Ethernet ports.

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface gigaethernet1/0/5 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#

 vlan

Its command prompt is “[DEVICE_NAME](config-vlan)#”. It means these commands can be executed in this command prompt. In Configure code, executing command “vlan 2” enter the vlan 2 node. Note: where the “2” is the vlan ID.

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#vlan 2 [DEVICE_NAME](config-vlan)#

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

User Name

Enter the user name.

Password

Enter the password.

Access your switch web management page

Note: Your switch default management IP address http://192.168.10.200 is accessed through the use of your Internet web browser (e.g. Internet Explorer®, Firefox®, Chrome™, Safari®, Opera™) and will be referenced frequently in this User’s Guide. Throughout this user’s guide, the term Web Configuration will be used to reference access from web management page.

1. Open your web browser and go to the IP address http://192.168.10.200. Your switch will prompt you for a user name and password.

2. Enter the user name and password. By default: User Name: admin

Password: admin

Note: User Name and Password are case sensitive.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show hostname

This command displays the system’s network name.

enable

show interface eth0

This command displays the current Eth0 configurations.

enable

show model

This command displays the system information.

enable

show running-config

This command displays the current operating configurations.

enable

show system-info

This command displays the system’s CPU loading

and memory information.

enable

show uptime

This command displays the system up time.

Parameter

Description

Model Name

This field displays the model name of the Switch.

Host Name

This field displays the name of the Switch.

Boot Code Version

This field displays the boot code version.

Firmware Version

This field displays the firmware version.

Built Date

This field displays the built date of the firmware.

DHCP Client

This field displays whether the DHCP client is enabled on the Switch.

IP Address

This field indicates the IP address of the Switch.

Subnet Mask

This field indicates the subnet mask of the Switch.

Default Gateway

This field indicates the default gateway of the Switch.

MAC Address

This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the Switch.

Serial Number

The serial number assigned by manufacture for identification of the unit.

Management VLAN

This field displays the VLAN ID that is used for the Switch management purposes.

CPU Loading

This field displays the percentage of your Switch’s system load.

Memory Information

This field displays the total memory the Switch has and the memory which is currently available (Free) and occupied (Usage).

Current Time

This field displays current date (yyyy-mm-dd) and time (hh:mm:ss).

Refresh

Click this to update the information in this screen.

System Information

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

System Status > System Information

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

configure

Reboot

This command reboots the system.

configure

hostname STRINGS

This command sets the system's network name.

configure

interface eth0

This command enters the eth0 interface node to configure the system IP.

eth0

Show

This command displays the eth0 configurations.

eth0

ip address A.B.C.D/M

This command configures a static IP and subnet mask for the system.

eth0

ip address defaultgateway A.B.C.D

This command configures the system default gateway.

eth0

ip dhcp client (disable|enable|renew)

This command configures a DHCP client function for the system.

Disable: Use a static IP address on the switch.

Enable & Renew: Use DHCP client to get an IP address from DHCP server.

eth0

management vlan VLANID

This command configures the management vlan.

Basic Settings

General Settings

System Management VLAN

To specify a VLAN group which can access the Switch.

 The valid VLAN range is from 1 to 4094.  If you want to configure a management VLAN, the management VLAN should

be created first and the management VLAN should have at least one member port.

Host Name

The hostname is same as the SNMP system name. Its length is up to 64 characters. The first 16 characters of the hostname will be configured as the CLI prompt.

Default Settings

The default Hostname is [YOUR_DEVICE_NAME] The default DHCP client is disabled. The default Static IP is 192.168.10.200 Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway is 0.0.0.0 Management VLAN is 1.

CLI Commands

Example: The procedures to configure an IP address for the Switch.  To enter the configure node.

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#

 To enter the ETH0 interface node.

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface eth0 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#

 To get an IP address from a DHCP server.

[DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#ip dhcp client enable

 To configure a static IP address and a gateway for the Switch.

[DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#ip address 192.168.202.111/24 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#ip address default-gateway 192.168.202.1

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

IP Address

Configures a IPv4 address for your Switch in dotted decimal notation. For example, 192.168.10.200.

Subnet Mask

Enter the IP subnet mask of your Switch in dotted decimal notation for example 255.255.255.0.

Default Gateway

Enter the IP address of the default outgoing gateway in dotted decimal notation, for example 192.168.10.1.

Node

Command

Description

enable

show jumboframe

This command displays the current jumbo frame settings.

configure

jumboframe (10240|9216|1552|1536|1522)

This command configures the maximum number of bytes of frame size.

Parameter

Description

Frame Size

This field configures the maximum number of bytes of frame size for specified port(s).

Apply

Click this button to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click this button to reset the fields to the last setting.

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > System

Notice:

The jumbo frame settings will apply to all ports. If the size of a packet exceeds the jumbo frame size, the packet will be dropped. The available values are 10240, 9216, 1552, 1536, 1522.

Default Settings

The default jumbo frame is 10240 bytes.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > Jumbo Frame

Jumbo Frame

Jumbo frames are Ethernet frames with a payload greater than 1500 bytes. Jumbo frames can enhance data transmission efficiency in a network. The bigger the frame size, the better the performance.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show time

This command displays current time and time configurations.

configure

time HOUR:MINUTE:SECOND

Sets the current time on the Switch.

hour: 0-23 min: 0-59 sec: 0-59

Note: If you configure Daylight Saving Time

after you configure the time, the Switch will apply Daylight Saving Time.

configure

time date YEAR/MONTH/DAY

Sets the current date on the Switch.

year: 1970- month: 1-12 day: 1-31

configure

time daylight-saving-time

This command enables the daylight saving time.

configure

This command sets the start date for the Daylight Saving Time.

For Example: first Sunday 4 0 (AM:0 1st Sunday in April)

SNTP

The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. A less complex implementation of NTP, using the same protocol but without requiring the storage of state over extended periods of time is known as the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP). NTP provides Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). No information about time zones or daylight saving time is transmitted; this information is outside its scope and must be obtained separately.

UDP Port: 123.

Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.

Note:

1. The SNTP server always replies the UTC current time.

2. When the Switch receives the SNTP reply time, the Switch will adjust the time

with the time zone configuration and then configure the time to the Switch.

3. If the time server’s IP address is not configured, the Switch will not send any

SNTP request packets.

4. If no SNTP reply packets, the Switch will retry every 10 seconds forever.

5. If the Switch has received SNTP reply, the Switch will re-get the time from NTP

server every 24 hours.

6. If the time zone and time NTP server have been changed, the Switch will

repeat the query process.

7. No default SNTP server.

Default Settings

Current Time:

---------------------------------------------- Time: 0:3:51 (UTC) Date: 1970-1-1

Time Server Configuration:

-----------------------------------------------

Time Zone : +00:00 IP Address: 0.0.0.0

DayLight Saving Time Configuration:

---------------------------------------------- State : disabled Start Date: None. End Date : None.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday) MONTH OCLOCK

configure

This command sets the end date for the Daylight Saving Time.

For Example: Last Sunday 10 18 (PM: 6 Last Sunday in October)

configure

no time daylight-saving-time

This command disables daylight saving on the Switch.

configure

time ntp-server IP_ADDRESS

This command sets the IP address of your time server.

configure

no time ntp-server

This command disables the NTP server settings.

configure

time timezone VALUE

Selects the time difference between UTC (formerly known as GMT) and your time zone.

Valid value: -1200 to 1200.

Parameter

Description

Current Time and Date

Current Time

This field displays the time you open / refresh this menu.

Current Date

This field displays the date you open / refresh this menu.

Time and Date Setting

Manual

Select this option if you want to enter the system date and time manually.

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > SNTP

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#time ntp-server 192.5.41.41 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#time timezone +0800 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#time ntp-server enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#time daylight-saving-time start-date first Monday 6 0 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#time daylight-saving-time end-date last Saturday 10 0

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

New Time

Enter the new date in year, month and day format and time in hour, minute and second format. The new date and time then appear in the Current Date and Current Time fields after you click Apply.

Enable Network Time Protocol

Select this option to use Network Time Protocol (NTP) for the time service.

NTP Server

Select a pre-designated time server or type the IP address or type the domain name of your time server. The Switch searches for the timeserver for up to 60 seconds.

Time Zone

Select the time difference between UTC (Universal Time Coordinated, formerly known as GMT, Greenwich Mean Time) and your time zone from the drop-down list box.

Daylight Saving Settings

State

Select Enable if you want to use Daylight Saving Time. Otherwise, select Disable to turn it off.

Start Date

Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you enabled Daylight Saving Time. The time is displayed in the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:

Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the second Sunday of March. Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select Second, Sunday, March and 2:00.

Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, March and the last field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would select 2:00 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1).

End Date

Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you enabled Daylight Saving Time. The time field uses the 24 hour format.

Here are a couple of examples: Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the last Sunday

of October. Each time zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select First, Sunday, November and 2:00.

Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, October and the last field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would select 2:00 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1).

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Node

Command

Description

enable

show interface eth0

The command displays the all of the interface eth0 configurations.

eth0

show

The command displays the all of the interface eth0 configurations.

Management Host

The feature limits the hosts which can manage the Switch. That is, any hosts can manage the Switch via telnet or web browser. If user has configured one or more management host, the Switch can be managed by these hosts only. The feature allow user to configure management IP up to 3 entries.

Default Settings

The default is none, any host can manage the Switch via telnet or web browser.

CLI Configuration

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

eth0

management host A.B.C.D

The command adds a management host address.

eth0

no management host A.B.C.D

The command deletes a management host address.

Parameter

Description

Management Host

This field configures the management host.

Apply

Click this button to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click this button to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Management Host List

No.

This field displays a sequential number for each management host.

Management Host

This field displays the management host.

Action

Click the Delete button to remove the specified entry.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface eth0 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#management host 192.168.200.106

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > Management Host

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show mac-addresstable aging-time

This command displays the current MAC address table age time.

enable

show mac-addresstable (static|dynamic)

This command displays the current static/dynamic unicast address entries.

enable

show mac-addresstable mac MACADDR

This command displays information of a specific MAC.

enable

show mac-addresstable port PORT_ID

This command displays the current unicast address entries learnt by the specific port.

configure

mac-address-table static MACADDR vlan VLANID port PORT_ID

This command configures a static unicast entry. configure

no mac-address-table

This command removes a static unicast entry

MAC Management

Dynamic Address:

The MAC addresses are learnt by the switch. When the switch receives frames, it will record the source MAC, the received port and the VLAN in the address table with an age time. When the age time is expired, the address entry will be removed from the address table.

Static Address:

The MAC addresses are configured by users. The static addresses will not be aged out by the switch; it can be removed by user only. The maximum static address entry is up to

256.

The MAC Table (a MAC table is also known as a filtering database) shows how frames are

forwarded or filtered across the Switch’s ports. When a device (which may belong to a

VLAN group) sends a packet which is forwarded to a port on the Switch, the MAC address

of the device is shown on the Switch’s MAC Table. It also shows whether the MAC address

is dynamic (learned by the Switch) or static (manually entered). The Switch uses the MAC Table to determine how to forward frames. See the following

figure.

1. The Switch examines the received frame and learns the port from which this

source MAC address came.

2. The Switch checks to see if the frame's destination MAC address matches a

source MAC address already learnt in the MAC Table.

 If the Switch has already learnt the port for this MAC address, then it

forwards the frame to that port.

 If the Switch has not already learnt the port for this MAC address, then

the frame is flooded to all ports. If too much port flooding, it may lead to network congestion.

 If the Switch has already learnt the port for this MAC address, but the

destination port is the same as the port it came in on, then it filters the frame.

Default Settings

The default MAC address table age time is 300 seconds. The Maximum static address entry is 256.

Static MAC Settings CLI Configuration

Figure MAC Table Flowchart

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

static MACADDR vlan VLANID

from the address table.

configure

clear mac addresstable dynamic

This command clears the dynamic address entries.

Parameter

Description

Static MAC Settings

MAC Address

Enter the MAC address of a computer or device that you want to add to the MAC address table.

Valid format is hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh.

VLAN ID

Enter the VLAN ID to apply to the computer or device.

Port

Enter the port number to which the computer or device is connected.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Static MAC Table

MAC Address

This field displays the MAC address of a manually entered MAC address entry.

VLAN ID

This field displays the VID of a manually entered MAC address entry.

Port

This field displays the port number of a manually entered MAC address entry. The MAC address with port CPU means the Switch’s MAC addresses itself.

Action

Click Delete to remove this manually entered MAC address entry

from the MAC address table. You cannot delete the Switch’s MAC

address from the static MAC address table.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#mac-address-table static 00:11:22:33:44:55 vlan 1 port 1

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > MAC Management > Static MAC Settings

Static MAC

A static Media Access Control (MAC) address is an address that has been manually entered in the MAC address table, and do not age out. When you set up static MAC address rules, you are setting static MAC addresses for a port, so this may reduce the need for broadcasting.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

Age Time

Configure the age time; the valid range is from 20 to 500 seconds. The default value is 300 seconds.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click this to update the information in the MAC table.

Parameter

Description

Show Type Apply

Select All, Static, Dynamic or Port and then click Apply to display the corresponding MAC address entries on this screen.

Refresh

Click this to update the information in the MAC table.

MAC Address

This field displays a MAC address.

Type

This field displays whether this entry was entered manually (Static) or whether it was learned by the Switch (Dynamic).

VLAN ID

This field displays the VLAN ID of the MAC address entry.

Port

This field displays the port number the MAC address entry is associated. It displays CPU if it is the entry for the Switch itself.

The CPU means that it is the Switch’s MAC.

Total Counts

This field displays the total entries in the MAC table.

Age Time Settings

Basic Settings > MAC Management > Age Time Settings

MAC Table

Basic Settings > MAC Management > MAC Table

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show mirror

This command displays the current port mirroring configurations.

configure

mirror (disable|enable)

This command disables / enables the port mirroring on the switch.

configure

mirror destination port PORT_ID

This command specifies the monitor port for the port mirroring.

configure

mirror source ports PORT_LIST mode (both|ingress|egress)

This command adds a port or a range of ports as the source ports of the port mirroring.

configure

no mirror source ports PORT_LIST

This command removes a port or a range of ports from the source ports of the port mirroring.

Port Mirror

Port-based Mirroring

The Port-Based Mirroring is used on a network switch to send a copy of network packets sent/received on one or a range of switch ports to a network monitoring connection on another switch port (Monitor to Port). This is commonly used for network appliances that require monitoring of network traffic, such as an intrusion-detection system.

Port Mirroring, together with a network traffic analyzer, helps to monitor network traffic. Users can monitor the selected ports (Source Ports) for egress and/or ingress packets.

Source Mode:

Ingress : The received packets will be copied to the monitor port. Egress : The transmitted packets will be copied to the monitor port. Both : The received and transmitted packets will be copied to the monitor

port.

Note:

1. The monitor port cannot be a trunk member port.

2. The monitor port cannot be ingress or egress port.

3. If the Port Mirror function is enabled, the Monitor-to Port can receive mirrored

packets only.

4. If a port has been configured as a source port and then user configures the port

as a destination port, the port will be removed from the source ports automatically.

Default Settings

Mirror Configurations:

State : Disable Monitor port : 1 Ingress port(s) : None Egress port(s) : None

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mirror enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mirror destination port 2 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mirror source ports 3-5 mode both

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

State

Select Enable to turn on port mirroring or select Disable to turn it off.

Monitor to Port

Select the port which connects to a network traffic analyzer.

All Ports

Settings in this field apply to all ports. Use this field only if you want to make some settings the same

for all ports. Use this field first to set the common settings and then make

adjustments on a port-by-port basis.

Source Port

This field displays the number of a port.

Mirror Mode

Select Ingress, Egress or Both to only copy the ingress (incoming), egress (outgoing) or both (incoming and outgoing) traffic from the specified source ports to the monitor port. Select Disable to not copy any traffic from the specified source ports to the monitor port.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > Port Mirroring

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Port Settings

 Duplex mode A duplex communication system is a system composed of two connected parties or

devices that can communicate with one another in both directions.

Half Duplex:

A half-duplex system provides for communication in both directions, but only one direction at a time (not simultaneously). Typically, once a party begins receiving a signal, it must wait for the transmitter to stop transmitting, before replying.

Full Duplex:

A full-duplex, or sometimes double-duplex system, allows communication in both directions, and, unlike half-duplex, allows this to happen simultaneously. Land-line telephone networks are full-duplex, since they allow both callers to speak and be heard at the same time.

 Loopback Test A loopback test is a test in which a signal in sent from a communications device and

returned (looped back) to it as a way to determine whether the device is working right or

as a way to pin down a failing node in a network. One type of loopback test is performed using a special plug, called a wrap plug that is inserted in a port on a communications device. The effect of a wrap plug is to cause transmitted (output) data to be returned as received (input) data, simulating a complete communications circuit using a single computer.

 Auto MDI-MDIX Auto-MDIX (automatic medium-dependent interface crossover) is a computer

networking technology that automatically detects the required cable connection type (straight-through or crossover) and configures the connection appropriately, thereby removing the need for crossover cables to interconnect switches or connecting PCs peerto-peer. When it is enabled, either type of cable can be used or the interface automatically corrects any incorrect cabling. For Auto-MDIX to operate correctly, the speed on the interface and duplex setting must be set to "auto". Auto-MDIX was developed by HP engineers Dan Dove and Bruce Melvin.

 Auto Negotiation Auto (auto-negotiation) allows one port to negotiate with a peer port automatically to

obtain the connection speed and duplex mode that both ends support. When autonegotiation is turned on, a port on the Switch negotiates with the peer automatically to determine the connection speed and duplex mode.

If the peer port does not support auto-negotiation or turns off this feature, the Switch determines the connection speed by detecting the signal on the cable and using half duplex mode. When the Switch’s auto-negotiation is turned off, a port uses the pre- configured speed and duplex mode when making a connection, thus requiring you to make sure that the settings of the peer port are the same in order to connect.

 Flow Control A concentration of traffic on a port decreases port bandwidth and overflows buffer

memory causing packet discards and frame losses.IEEE802.3x flow control is used in full duplex mode to send a pause signal to the sending port, causing it to temporarily stop sending signals when the receiving port memory buffers fill and resend later.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show interface IFNAME

This command displays the current port configurations.

configure

interface IFNAME

This command enters the interface configure node.

interface

show

This command displays the current port configurations.

interface

loopback (none | mac)

This command tests the loopback mode of operation for the specific port.

interface

flowcontrol (off | on)

This command disables / enables the flow control for the port.

interface

speed (auto|10-full||10-half| 100-full|100-half|1000-full)

This command configures the speed and duplex for the port.

interface

shutdown

This command disables the specific port.

interface

no shutdown

This command enables the specific port.

interface

description STRINGs

This command configures a description for the specific port.

interface

no description

This command configures the default port description.

interface

cable test

This command diagnostics the Ethernet cable and shows the broken distance.

interface

clean cable-test result

This command cleans the test result of the Ethernet cable test.

interface

show cable-test result

This command displays the test result of the Ethernet cable test.

The Switch uses IEEE802.3x flow control in full duplex mode and backpressure flow control in half duplex mode. IEEE802.3x flow control is used in full duplex mode to send a pause signal to the sending port, causing it to temporarily stop sending signals when the receiving port memory buffers fill. Back Pressure flow control is typically used in half duplex mode to send a "collision" signal to the sending port (mimicking a state of packet collision) causing the sending port to temporarily stop sending signals and resend later.

Note: 1000 Base-T doesn’t support force mode.

 Cable Test. This feature determines the quality of the cables, shorts, and cable impedance mismatch,

bad connectors, termination mismatch, and bad magnetics. The feature can work on the copper Ethernet cable only.

Default Settings

The default port Speed & Duplex is auto for all ports. The default port Flow Control is Off for all ports.

General Settings CLI Configuration

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/ PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

if-range

description STRINGs

This command configures a description for the specific ports.

if-range

no description

This command configures the default port description for the specific ports.

if-range

shutdown

This command disables the specific ports.

if-range

no shutdown

This command enables the specific ports.

if-range

speed (auto|10-full||10-half| 100-full|100-half|1000-full)

This command configures the speed and duplex for the port.

Parameter

Description

Port

Select a port or a range ports you want to configure on this screen.

State

Select Enable to activate the port or Disable to deactivate the port.

Speed/Duplex

Select the speed and duplex mode of the port. The choices are:

• Auto

• 10 Mbps / Full Duplex

• 10 Mbps / Half Duplex

• 100 Mbps / Full Duplex

• 100 Mbps / Half Duplex

• 1000 Mbps / Full Duplex

Flow Control

Select On to enable access to buffering resources for the port thus ensuring lossless operation across network switches. Otherwise, select Off to disable it.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Port

This field displays the port number.

State

This field displays whether the port is enabled or disabled.

Speed/Duplex

This field displays the speed either 10M, 100M or 1000M and the duplex mode Full or Half.

Flow Control

This field displays whether the port’s flow control is On or Off.

Link Status

This field displays the link status of the port. If the port is up, it

displays the port’s speed, duplex and flow control setting.

Otherwise, it displays Link Down if the port is disabled or not connected to any device.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface gi1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#speed auto

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > Port Settings > General Settings

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

Port

Select a port or a range ports you want to configure on this screen.

Description

Configures a meaningful name for the port(s).

Port Status

Port

This field displays the port number.

Description

The meaningful name for the port.

Status

The field displays the detail port status if the port is blocked by some protocol.

Uptime

The sustained time from last link up.

Medium Mode

The current working medium mode, copper or fiber, for the port.

Information

Basic Settings > Port Settings > Information

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6 2 42-1496

Type / Length

Data

FCS

4 2 42-1496

802.1Q Tag

Type / Length

Data

FCS

Advanced Settings

Bandwidth Control

QoS

Each egress port can support up to 8 transmit queues. Each egress transmit queue contains a list specifying the packet transmission order. Every incoming frame is forwarded to one of the 8 egress transmit queues of the assigned egress port, based on its priority. The egress port transmits packets from each of the 8 transmit queues according to a configurable scheduling algorithm, which can be a combination of Strict Priority (SP) and/or Weighted Round Robin (WRR).

Typically, networks operate on a best-effort delivery basis, which means that all traffic has equal priority and an equal chance of being delivered in a timely manner. When congestion occurs, all traffic has an equal chance of being dropped.

When you configure the QoS feature, you can select specific network traffic, prioritize it according to its relative importance, and use congestion-management and congestionavoidance techniques to give preferential treatment. Implementing QoS in your network makes network performance more predictable and bandwidth utilization more effective.

The Switch supports 802.1p priority queuing. The Switch has 8 priority queues. These priority queues are numbered from 7 (Class 7) — the highest priority queue — to 0 (Class

0) — the lowest priority queue.

The eight priority tags specified in IEEE 802.1p (p0 to p7) are mapped to the Switch’s

priority queues as follows:

Priority : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Queue : 2 0 1 3 4 5 6 7

Priority scheduling is implemented by the priority queues stated above. The Switch will empty the four hardware priority queues in order, beginning with the highest priority queue, 7, to the lowest priority queue, 0. Each hardware queue will transmit all of the packets in its buffer before permitting the next lower priority to transmit its packets.

When the lowest hardware priority queue has finished transmitting all of its packets, the highest hardware priority queue will begin transmitting any packets it may have received.

QoS Enhancement

You can configure the Switch to prioritize traffic even if the incoming packets are not marked with IEEE 802.1p priority tags or change the existing priority tags based on the criteria you select. The Switch allows you to choose one of the following methods for assigning priority to incoming packets on the Switch:

 802.1p Tag Priority - Assign priority to packets based on the packet’s 802.1p

tagged priority.

 Port Based QoS - Assign priority to packets based on the incoming port on the

Switch.

 DSCP Based QoS - Assign priority to packets based on their Differentiated Services

Code Points (DSCPs).

Note: Advanced QoS methods only affect the internal priority queue mapping for the Switch. The Switch does not modify the IEEE 802.1p value for the egress frames. You can choose one of these ways to alter the way incoming packets are prioritized or you can choose not to use any QoS enhancement setting on the Switch.

802.1p Priority

When using 802.1p priority mechanism, the packet is examined for the presence of a valid

802.1p priority tag. If the tag is present, the packet is assigned to a programmable egress queue based on the value of the tagged priority. The tagged priority can be designated to any of the available queues.

Ethernet Packet:

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

2 bytes

Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID)

Tag Control Information (TCI)

16 bits

3 bits

1 bit

12 bits

TPID (0x8100)

Priority

CFI

VID

PCP

Network Priority

Traffic Characteristics

0 (lowest)

Background

0 1 Best Effort

2 2 Excellent Effort

3 3 Critical Applications

4 4 Video, <100ms latency

5 5 Video, < 10ms latency

6 6 Internetwork Control

7 (highest)

Network Control

Version

IHL

Type of Service

Total Length

Identification

Flags

Fragment Offset

Time to Live

Protocol

Header Checksum

Source Address

Destination Address

Options

Padding

802.1Q Tag:

 Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID): a 16-bit field set to a value of 0x8100 in order to

identify the frame as an IEEE 802.1Q-tagged frame.

 Tag Control Information (TCI)

 Priority Code Point (PCP): a 3-bit field which refers to the IEEE 802.1p priority.

It indicates the frame priority level from 0 (lowest) to 7 (highest), which can be used to prioritize different classes of traffic (voice, video, data, etc.).

 Canonical Format Indicator (CFI): a 1-bit field. If the value of this field is 1, the

MAC address is in non-canonical format. If the value is 0, the MAC address is in canonical format. It is always set to zero for Ethernet switches. CFI is used for compatibility between Ethernet and Token Ring networks. If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be bridged to an untagged port.

 VLAN Identifier (VID): a 12-bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame

belongs. A value of 0 means that the frame doesn't belong to any VLAN; in this case the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and is referred to as a priority tag. A value of hex 0xFFF is reserved for implementation use. All other values may be used as VLAN identifiers, allowing up to 4094 VLANs. On bridges, VLAN 1 is often reserved for management.

Priority Levels PCP: Priority Code Point.

DiffServ (DSCP) Differentiated Services or DiffServ is a computer networking architecture that specifies a

simple, scalable and coarse-grained mechanism for classifying, managing network traffic and providing Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees on modern IP networks. DiffServ can, for example, be used to provide low-latency, guaranteed service (GS) to critical network traffic such as voice or video while providing simple best-effort traffic guarantees to noncritical services such as web traffic or file transfers.

Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) is a 6-bit field in the header of IP packets for packet classification purposes. DSCP replaces the outdated IP precedence, a 3-bit field in the Type of Service byte of the IP header originally used to classify and prioritize types of traffic.

When using the DiffServ priority mechanism, the packet is classified based on the DSCP field in the IP header. If the tag is present, the packet is assigned to a programmable egress queue based on the value of the tagged priority. The tagged priority can be designated to any of the available queues.

Example Internet Datagram Header

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

DSCP

Priority

DSCP

Priority

DSCP

Priority

0 0 1 0 2 0 60 0 31 0 62 0 63 0

IP Header Type of Service: 8 bits

The Type of Service provides an indication of the abstract parameters of the quality of service desired. These parameters are to be used to guide the selection of the actual service parameters when transmitting a datagram through a particular network. Several networks offer service precedence, which somehow treats high precedence traffic as more important than other traffic (generally by accepting only traffic above certain precedence at time of high load). The major choice is a three way tradeoff between lowdelay, high-reliability, and high-throughput.

Bits 0-2: Precedence. Bit 3: 0 = Normal Delay, 1 = Low Delay. Bits 4: 0 = Normal Throughput, 1 = High Throughput. Bits 5: 0 = Normal Reliability, 1 = High Reliability. Bit 6-7: Reserved for Future Use.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | PRECEDENCE | D | T | R | 0 | 0 | +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Precedence 111 - Network Control 110 - Internetwork Control 101 - CRITIC/ECP 100 - Flash Override 011 - Flash 010 - Immediate 001 - Priority 000 - Routine

The use of the Delay, Throughput, and Reliability indications may increase the cost (in some sense) of the service. In many networks better performance for one of these parameters is coupled with worse performance on another. Except for very unusual cases at most two of these three indications should be set.

The type of service is used to specify the treatment of the datagram during its transmission through the internet system. Example mappings of the internet type of service to the actual service provided on networks such as AUTODIN II, ARPANET, SATNET, and PRNET is given in "Service Mappings".

The Network Control precedence designation is intended to be used within a network only. The actual use and control of that designation is up to each network. The Internetwork Control designation is intended for use by gateway control originators only.

If the actual use of these precedence designations is of concern to a particular network, it is the responsibility of that network to control the access to, and use of, those precedence designations.

Example:

IP Header

DSCP=50  45 C8 . . .

Queuing Algorithms

Queuing algorithms allow switches to maintain separate queues for packets from each individual source or flow and prevent a source from monopolizing the bandwidth.

 Strict-Priority (SPQ)

The packets on the high priority queue are always service firstly.

 Weighted round robin (WRR)

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show queue cos-map

This command displays the current 802.1p priority mapping to the service queue.

enable

show qos mode

This command displays the current QoS scheduling mode of IEEE 802.1p.

configure

queue cos-map PRIORITY QUEUE_ID

This command configures the 802.1p priority mapping to the service queue.

configure

no queue cos-map

This command configures the 802.1p priority mapping to the service queue to default.

configure

qos mode high-first

This command configures the QoS scheduling mode to high_first, each hardware queue will transmit all of the packets in its buffer before permitting the next lower priority to transmit

Round Robin scheduling services queues on a rotating basis and is activated only when a port has more traffic than it can handle. A queue is given an amount of bandwidth irrespective of the incoming traffic on that port. This queue then moves to the back of the list. The next queue is given an equal amount of bandwidth, and then moves to the end of the list; and so on, depending on the number of queues being used. This works in a looping fashion until a queue is empty.

Weighted Round Robin (WRR) scheduling uses the same algorithm as round robin scheduling, but services queues based on their priority and queue weight (the number you configure in the queue Weight field) rather than a fixed amount of bandwidth. WRR is activated only when a port has more traffic than it can handle. Queues with larger weights get more service than queues with smaller weights. This queuing mechanism is highly efficient in that it divides any available bandwidth across the different traffic queues and returns to queues that have not yet emptied.

Default Settings

QoS mode : High First (SPQ) The mappings of the Priority to Queue are: PRIO 0 ==> COSQ 2 PRIO 1 ==> COSQ 0 PRIO 2 ==> COSQ 1 PRIO 3 ==> COSQ 3 PRIO 4 ==> COSQ 4 PRIO 5 ==> COSQ 5 PRIO 6 ==> COSQ 6 PRIO 7 ==> COSQ 7

The DiffServ is disabled on the switch.

DSCP Priority DSCP Priority DSCP Priority DSCP Priority

---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- ------- 00 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0

08 0 09 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 17 0 18 0 19 0 20 0 21 0 22 0 23 0 24 0 25 0 26 0 27 0 28 0 29 0 30 0 31 0 32 0 33 0 34 0 35 0 36 0 37 0 38 0 39 0 40 0 41 0 42 0 43 0 44 0 45 0 46 0 47 0 48 0 49 0 50 0 51 0 52 0 53 0 54 0 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 0 62 0 63 0

Note: If the DiffServ is disabled, the 802.1p tag priority will be used.

CLI Configuration

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

its packets.

configure

qos mode wfq-queue

This command configures the QoS scheduling mode to Weighted Fair Queuing.

configure

qos mode wrr-queue weights VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE

This command configures the QoS scheduling mode to Weighted Round Robin.

interface

default-priority

This command allows the user to specify a default priority handling of untagged packets received by the Switch. The priority value entered with this command will be used to determine which of the hardware priority queues the packet is forwarded to. Default: 0.

interface

no default-priority

This command configures the default priority for the specific port to default (0).

enable

show diffserv

This command displays DiffServ configurations.

configure

diffserv (disable|enable)

This command disables / enables the DiffServ function.

configure

diffserv dscp VALUE priority VALUE

This command sets the DSCP-to-IEEE 802.1q mappings.

Parameter

Description

All Ports 802.1p priority

Use this field to set a priority for all ports. The value indicates packet priority and is added to the priority tag

field of incoming packets. The values range from 0 (lowest priority) to 7 (highest priority).

Port

This field displays the number of a port.

802.1p Priority

Select a priority for packets received by the port. Only packets without 802.1p priority tagged will be applied the priority you set here.

Web Configuration Port Priority

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > QoS

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Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Parameter

Description

Mode

“Tag Over DSCP” or “DSCP Over Tag”. “Tag Over DSCP” means the 802.1p

tag has higher priority than DSCP.

Priority

This field displays each priority level. The values range from 0 (lowest priority) to 7 (highest priority).

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Parameter

Description

Reset to Default

Click this button to reset the priority to queue mappings to the defaults.

Priority

This field displays each priority level. The values range from 0 (lowest priority) to 7 (highest priority).

Queue ID

Select the number of a queue for packets with the priority level.

IP DiffServ (DSCP)

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > IP DiffServ (DSCP)

Priority/Queue Mapping

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Priority/Queue Mapping

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Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Parameter

Description

Schedule Mode

Select Strict Priority (SP) or Weighted Round Robin (WRR). Note: Queue weights can only be changed when Weighted Round

Robin is selected. Weighted Round Robin scheduling services queues on a rotating

basis based on their queue weight (the number you configure in the queue Weight field). Queues with larger weights get more service than queues with smaller weights.

Queue ID

This field indicates which Queue (0 to 7) you are configuring. Queue 0 has the lowest priority and Queue 7 the highest priority.

Weight Value

You can only configure the queue weights when Weighted Round Robin is selected. Bandwidth is divided across the different traffic queues according to their weights.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Schedule Mode

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Schedule

Rate Limitation Storm Control

A broadcast storm means that your network is overwhelmed with constant broadcast or multicast traffic. Broadcast storms can eventually lead to a complete loss of network connectivity as the packets proliferate.

Storm Control protects the Switch bandwidth from flooding packets, including broadcast packets, multicast packets, and destination lookup failure (DLF). The Rate is a threshold that limits the total number of the selected type of packets. For example, if the broadcast and multicast options are selected, the total amount of packets per second for those two types will not exceed the limit value.

Broadcast storm control limits the number of broadcast, multicast and unknown unicast

(also referred to as Destination Lookup Failure or DLF) packets the Switch receives per second on the ports. When the maximum number of allowable broadcast, multicast and unknown unicast packets is reached per second, the subsequent packets are discarded. Enable this feature to reduce broadcast, multicast and unknown unicast packets in your network.

Storm Control unit : pps.

Default Settings

Broadcast Storm Control : 300pps. Multicast Storm Control : None. DLF Storm Control : 300pps.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show storm-control

This command displays the current storm control configurations.

configure

This command enables the bandwidth limit for broadcast or multicast or DLF packets and set the limitation.

configure

This command disables the bandwidth limit for broadcast or multicast or DLF packets.

Parameter

Description

Port

Select the port number for which you want to configure storm control settings.

Rate

Select the number of packets (of the type specified in the Type field) per second the Switch can receive per second.

Type

Select Broadcast - to specify a limit for the amount of broadcast packets received per second.

Multicast - to specify a limit for the amount of multicast packets received per second.

DLF - to specify a limit for the amount of DLF packets received per second.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#storm-control rate 1 type broadcast ports 1-6 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#storm-control rate 1 type multicast ports 1-6 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#storm-control rate 1 type DLF ports 1-6

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Rate Limitation > Storm Control

Bandwidth Limitation

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show bandwidth-limit

This command displays the current rate control configurations.

configure

bandwidth-limit egress RATE_LIMIT ports PORTLISTS

This command enables the bandwidth limit for outgoing packets and set the limitation.

configure

no bandwidth-limit egress ports PORTLISTS

This command disables the bandwidth limit for outgoing packets.

configure

bandwidth-limit ingress RATE_LIMIT ports PORTLISTS

This command enables the bandwidth limit for incoming packets and set the limitation.

configure

no bandwidth-limit ingress ports PORTLISTS

This command disables the bandwidth limit for incoming packets.

Parameter

Description

Port

Selects a port that you want to configure.

Ingress

Configures the rate limitation for the ingress packets.

Egress

Configures the rate limitation for the egress packets.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

The rate limitation is used to control the rate of traffic sent or received on a network interface.

Rate Limitation unit: Mbs.

Default Settings

All ports’ Ingress and Egress rate limitation are disabled.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Rate Limitation > Bandwidth Limitation

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#bandwidth-limit egress 1 ports 1-6 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#bandwidth-limit ingress 1 ports 1-6

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

IGMP Snooping

The IGMP snooping is for multicast traffic. The Switch can passively snoop on IGMP packets transferred between IP multicast routers/switches and IP multicast hosts to learn the IP multicast group membership. It checks IGMP packets passing through it, picks out the group registration information, and configures multicasting accordingly. IGMP snooping allows the Switch to learn multicast groups without you having to manually configure them.

The Switch can passively snoop on IGMP packets transferred between IP multicast routers/switches and IP multicast hosts to learn the IP multicast group membership. It checks IGMP packets passing through it, picks out the group registration information, and configures multicasting accordingly. IGMP snooping allows the Switch to learn multicast groups without you having to manually configure them.

The Switch forwards multicast traffic destined for multicast groups (that it has learned from IGMP snooping or that you have manually configured) to ports that are members of that group. IGMP snooping generates no additional network traffic, allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic passing through your Switch.

The Switch can perform IGMP snooping on up to 4094 VLANs. You can configure the Switch to automatically learn multicast group membership of any VLANs. The Switch then performs IGMP snooping on the first VLANs that send IGMP packets. Alternatively, you can specify the VLANs that IGMP snooping should be performed on. This is referred to as fixed mode. In fixed mode the Switch does not learn multicast group membership of any VLANs other than those explicitly added as an IGMP snooping VLAN.

Immediate Leave

When you enable IGMP Immediate-Leave processing, the switch immediately removes a port when it detects an IGMP version 2 leave message on that port. You should use the Immediate-Leave feature only when there is a single receiver present on every port in the VLAN. (Immediate Leave is only supported on IGMP Version 2 hosts).

The switch uses IGMP snooping Immediate Leave to remove from the forwarding table an interface that sends a leave message without the switch sending group-specific queries to the interface. The VLAN interface is pruned from the multicast tree for the multicast group specified in the original leave message. Immediate Leave ensures optimal bandwidth management for all hosts on a switched network, even when multiple multicast groups are simultaneously in use.

Fast Leave

The switch allow user to configure a delay time. When the delay time is expired, the switch removes the interface from the multicast group.

Last Member Query Interval

Last Member Query Interval: The Last Member Query Interval is the Max Response Time inserted into Group-Specific Queries sent in response to Leave Group messages, and is also the amount of time between Group-Specific Query messages.

Without Immediate Leave, when the switch receives an IGMP leave message from a subscriber on a receiver port, it sends out an IGMP specific query on that port and waits for IGMP group membership reports. If no reports are received in a configured time period, the receiver port is removed from multicast group membership.

IGMP Querier

There is normally only one Querier per physical network. All multicast routers start up as a Querier on each attached network. If a multicast router hears a Query message from a router with a lower IP address, it MUST become a Non-Querier on that network. If a router has not heard a Query message from another router for [Other Querier Present Interval], it resumes the role of Querier. Routers periodically [Query Interval] send a General Query on each attached network for which this router is the Querier, to solicit membership information. On startup, a router SHOULD send [Startup Query Count] General Queries spaced closely together [Startup Query Interval] in order to quickly and reliably determine membership information. A General Query is addressed to the allsystems multicast group (224.0.0.1), has a Group Address field of 0, and has a Max Response Time of [Query Response Interval].

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show igmp-snooping

This command displays the current IGMP snooping configurations.

enable

show igmp-counters

This command displays the current IGMP snooping counters.

enable

show igmp-counters (port|vlan)

This command displays the current IGMP snooping counters per port or per vlan.

configure

igmp-snooping (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the IGMP snooping on the switch.

configure

igmp-snooping vlan VLANID

This command enables the IGMP snooping function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

configure

no igmp-snooping vlan VLANID

This command disables the IGMP snooping function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

configure

igmp-snooping unknown-multicast (drop|flooding)

This command configures the process for unknown multicast packets when the IGMP snooping function is enabled.

drop: Drop all of the unknown multicast packets.

interface

igmp-querier-mode (auto|fixed|edge)

This command specifies whether or not and under what conditions the port(s) is (are) IGMP query port(s). The Switch forwards IGMP join or leave packets to an IGMP query port, treating the port as being connected to an IGMP multicast router (or server). You must enable IGMP snooping as well.

Port IGMP Querier Mode

 Auto:

The Switch uses the port as an IGMP query port if the port receives IGMP query

packets.

 Fixed:

The Switch always treats the port(s) as IGMP query port(s). This is for when connecting an IGMP multicast server to the port(s). The Switch always forwards the client’s report/leave packets to the port.

Normally, the port is connected to an IGMP server.

 Edge:

The Switch does not use the port as an IGMP query port. The IGMP query packets received by this port will be dropped.

Normally, the port is connected to an IGMP client.

Note: The Switch will forward the IGMP join and leave packets to the query port.

Configurations:

Users can enable/disable the IGMP Snooping on the Switch. Users also can enable/disable the IGMP Snooping on a specific VLAN. If the IGMP Snooping on the Switch is disabled, the IGMP Snooping is disabled on all VLANs even some of the VLAN IGMP Snooping are enabled.

Default Settings

If received packets are not received after 400 seconds, all multicast entries will be

deleted.

The default global IGMP snooping state is disabled.

The default VLAN IGMP snooping state is disabled for all VLANs.

The unknown multicast packets will be dropped.

The default port Immediate Leave state is disabled for all ports.

The default port Querier Mode state is auto for all ports.

The IGMP snooping Report Suppression is disabled.

Notices: There are a global state and per VLAN states. When the global state is disabled, the IGMP snooping on the Switch is disabled even per VLAN states are enabled. When the global state is enabled, user must enable per VLAN states to enable the IGMP Snooping on the specific VLAN.

CLI Configuration

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Industrial Managed Switch Series

(Default:auto)

interface

igmp-immediate-leave

This command enables the IGMP Snooping immediate leave function for the specific interface.

interface

no igmp-immediateleave

This command disables the IGMP Snooping immediate leave function for the specific interface.

Parameter

Description

IGMP Snooping State

Select Enable to activate IGMP Snooping to forward group multicast traffic only to ports that are members of that group. Select Disable to deactivate the feature.

IGMP Snooping VLAN State

Select Add and enter VLANs upon which the Switch is to perform IGMP snooping. The valid range of VLAN IDs is between 1 and

4094. Use a comma (,) or hyphen (-) to specify more than one VLANs. Select Delete and enter VLANs on which to have the Switch not perform IGMP snooping.

Unknown Multicast Packets

Specify the action to perform when the Switch receives an unknown multicast frame. Select Drop to discard the frame(s). Select Flooding to send the frame(s) to all ports.

Web Configuration General Settings

Advanced Settings > IGMP Snooping > IGMP Snooping > General Settings

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#igmp-snooping enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#igmp-snooping vlan 1

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#igmp-immediate-leave [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#igmp-querier-mode fixed [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#igmp-snooping group-limit 20

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Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields to the last setting.

IGMP Snooping State

This field displays whether IGMP snooping is globally enabled or disabled.

IGMP Snooping VLAN State

This field displays VLANs on which the Switch is to perform IGMP snooping. None displays if you have not enabled IGMP snooping on any port yet.

Unknown Multicast Packets

This field displays whether the Switch is set to discard or flood unknown multicast packets.

Parameter

Description

Querier Mode

Select the desired setting, Auto, Fixed, or Edge. Auto means the Switch uses the port as an IGMP query port if the port receives IGMP query packets. Fixed means the Switch always treats the port(s) as IGMP query port(s). This is for when

connecting an IGMP multicast server to the port(s). Edge means the Switch does not use the port as an IGMP query port. In this case, the Switch does not keep a record of an IGMP router being connected to this port and the Switch does not forward IGMP join or leave packets to this port.

Immediate Leave

Select individual ports on which to enable immediate leave. Group Limit

Configures the maximum group for the port or a range of ports.

Apply

Click Apply to apply the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields.

Port

The port ID.

Querier Mode

The Querier mode setting for the specific port.

Immediate Leave

The Immediate Leave setting for the specific port.

Group Counts

The current joining group count and the maximum group count.

Port Settings

Advanced Settings > IGMP Snooping > IGMP Snooping > Port Settings

Multicast Address

A multicast address is associated with a group of interested receivers. According to RFC 3171, addresses 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, the former Class D addresses, are designated as multicast addresses in IPv4.

The IANA owns the OUI MAC address 01:00:5e, therefore multicast packets are delivered by using the Ethernet MAC address range 01:00:5e:00:00:00 - 01:00:5e:7f:ff:ff. This is 23 bits of available address space.

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Class

Address Range

Supports

Class A

1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254

Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks.

Class B

128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254

Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks.

Class C

192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254

Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.

Class D

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

Reserved for multicast groups.

Class E

240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254

Reserved for future use, or Research and Development Purposes.

IP multicast address

Description

224.0.0.0

Base address (reserved)

224.0.0.1

The All Hosts multicast group that contains all systems on the same network segment

224.0.0.2

The All Routers multicast group that contains all routers on the same network segment

224.0.0.5

The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) AllSPFRouters address. Used to send Hello packets to all OSPF routers on a network segment

224.0.0.6

The OSPF AllDRouters address. Used to send OSPF routing information to OSPF designated routers on a network segment

The first octet (01) includes the broadcast/multicast bit. The lower 23 bits of the 28-bit multicast IP address are mapped into the 23 bits of available Ethernet address space. This means that there is ambiguity in delivering packets. If two hosts on the same subnet each subscribe to a different multicast group whose address differs only in the first 5 bits, Ethernet packets for both multicast groups will be delivered to both hosts, requiring the network software in the hosts to discard the unrequired packets.

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224.0.0.9

The RIP version 2 group address, used to send routing information using the RIP protocol to all RIP v2-aware routers on a network segment

224.0.0.10

EIGRP group address. Used to send EIGRP routing information to all EIGRP routers on a network segment

224.0.0.13

PIM Version 2 (Protocol Independent Multicast)

224.0.0.18

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

224.0.0.19 - 21

IS-IS over IP

224.0.0.22

IGMP Version 3 (Internet Group Management Protocol)

224.0.0.102

Hot Standby Router Protocol Version 2

224.0.0.251

Multicast DNS address

224.0.0.252

Link-local Multicast Name Resolution address

224.0.1.1

Network Time Protocol address

224.0.1.39

Cisco Auto-RP-Announce address

224.0.1.40

Cisco Auto-RP-Discovery address

224.0.1.41

H.323 Gatekeeper discovery address

Node

Command

Description

enable

show mac-address-table multicast

This command displays the current static/dynamic multicast address entries.

configure

mac-address-table multicast MACADDR vlan VLANID ports PORTLIST

This command configures a static multicast entry.

configure

no mac-address-table multicast MACADDR

This command removes a static multicast entry from the address table.

Parameter

Description

VLAN ID

Configures the VLAN that you want to configure.

MAC Address

Configures the multicast MAC which will not be aged out. Valid format is hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh.

Port

Configures the member port for the multicast address.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes back to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > IGMP Snooping > Multicast Address

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show portisolation

This command displays the current port isolation configurations.

“V” indicates the port’s packets can be sent to that port.

“-” indicates the port’s packets cannot be sent to that port.

interface

port-isolation ports PORTLISTS

This command configures a port or a range of ports to egress traffic from the specific port.

interface

no port-isolation

This command configures all ports to egress traffic from the specific port.

VLAN

Port Isolation

The port isolation is a port-based virtual LAN feature. It partitions the switching ports into virtual private domains designated on a per port basis. Data switching outside of the port’s private domain is not allowed. It will ignore the packets’ tag VLAN information.

This feature is a per port setting to configure the egress port(s) for the specific port to forward its received packets. If the CPU port (port 0) is not an egress port for a specific port, the host connected to the specific port cannot manage the Switch.

If you wish to allow two subscriber ports to talk to each other, you must define the egress port for both ports. CPU refers to the Switch management port. By default it forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports. If it does not form a VLAN with a particular port then the Switch cannot be managed from that port.

Example: If you want to allow port-1 and port-3 to talk to each other, you must configure as below:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#port-isolation ports 3 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#exit

; Allow the port-1 to send its ingress packets to port-3.

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/3 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#port-isolation ports 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#exit

; Allow the port-3 to send its ingress packets to port-1

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/2 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#port-isolation ports 3-6

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > VLAN > Port Isolation

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

Port

Select a port number to configure its port isolation settings. Select All Ports to configure the port isolation settings for all ports

on the Switch.

Egress Port

An egress port is an outgoing port, that is, a port through which a data packet leaves.

Selecting a port as an outgoing port means it will communicate with the port currently being configured.

Select All/ Deselect All

Click Select All to mark all ports as egress ports and permit traffic. Click Deselect All to unmark all ports and isolate them. Deselecting all ports means the port being configured cannot

communicate with any other port.

Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields to the last setting.

Port Isolation Status

“V” indicates the port’s packets can be sent to that port. “-” indicates the port’s packets cannot be sent to that port.

TPID

User Priority

CFI

VLAN ID

2 bytes

3 bits

1 bit

12 bits

A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network. A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two bytes of TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier, residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame) and two bytes of TCI (Tag Control Information, starts after the source address field of the Ethernet frame).

The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum number of 4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094.

802.1Q VLAN

A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the Broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software instead of physically relocating devices.

VID- VLAN ID is the identification of the VLAN, which is basically used by the standard

802.1Q. It has 12 bits and allow the identification of 4096 (2^12) VLANs. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094.

 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames

Each port on the Switch is capable of passing tagged or untagged frames. To forward a frame from an 802.1Q VLAN-aware switch to an 802.1Q VLAN-unaware switch, the Switch first decides where to forward the frame and then strips off the VLAN tag. To forward a frame from an 802.1Q VLAN-unaware switch to an 802.1Q VLAN-aware switch, the Switch first decides where to forward the frame, and then inserts a VLAN tag reflecting the ingress port's default VID. The default PVID is VLAN 1 for all ports, but this can be changed.

A broadcast frame (or a multicast frame for a multicast group that is known by the system) is duplicated only on ports that are members of the VID (except the ingress port itself), thus confining the broadcast to a specific domain.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show vlan VLANID

This command displays the VLAN configurations.

configure

vlan <1~4094>

This command enables a VLAN and enters the VLAN node.

configure

no vlan <1~4094>

This command deletes a VLAN.

vlan

show

This command displays the current VLAN configurations.

vlan

name STRING

This command assigns a name for the specific VLAN.

The VLAN name should be the combination of the digit or the alphabet or hyphens (-) or underscores (_).

The maximum length of the name is 16 characters.

vlan

no name

This command configures the vlan name to default.

Note: The default vlan name is “VLAN”+vlan_ID, VLAN1, VLAN2,…

vlan

add PORTLISTS

This command adds a port or a range of ports to the vlan.

vlan

fixed PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for permanent member of the vlan.

vlan

no fixed PORTLISTS

This command removes all fixed member from the vlan.

vlan

tagged PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for tagged member of the VLAN group. The ports should be one/some of the permanent members of the vlan.

 802.1Q Port base VLAN With port-based VLAN membership, the port is assigned to a specific VLAN independent

of the user or system attached to the port. This means all users attached to the port should be members of the same VLAN. The network administrator typically performs the VLAN assignment. The port configuration is static and cannot be automatically changed to another VLAN without manual reconfiguration.

As with other VLAN approaches, the packets forwarded using this method do not leak into other VLAN domains on the network. After a port has been assigned to a VLAN, the port cannot send to or receive from devices in another VLAN without the intervention of a Layer 3 device.

The device that is attached to the port likely has no understanding that a VLAN exists. The device simply knows that it is a member of a subnet and that the device should be able to talk to all other members of the subnet by simply sending information to the cable segment. The switch is responsible for identifying that the information came from a specific VLAN and for ensuring that the information gets to all other members of the VLAN. The switch is further responsible for ensuring that ports in a different VLAN do not receive the information.

This approach is quite simple, fast, and easy to manage in that there are no complex lookup tables required for VLAN segmentation. If port-to-VLAN association is done with an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), the performance is very good. An ASIC allows the port-to-VLAN mapping to be done at the hardware level.

Default Settings

The default PVID is 1 for all ports.

The default Acceptable Frame is All for all ports.

All ports join in the VLAN 1.

Notice: The maximum VLAN group is 4094.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

vlan

no tagged PORTLISTS

This command removes all tagged member from the vlan.

vlan

untagged PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for untagged member of the VLAN group. The ports should be one/some of the permanent members of the vlan.

vlan

no untagged PORTLISTS

This command removes all untagged member from the vlan.

interface

acceptable frame type (all|tagged|untagged)

This command configures the acceptable frame type.

all - acceptable all frame types. tagged - acceptable tagged frame only. untagged – acceptable untagged frame only.

interface

pvid VLANID

This command configures a VLAN ID for the port default VLAN ID.

interface

no pvid

This command configures 1 for the port default VLAN ID.

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/ PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

if-range

pvid VLANID

This command configures a VLAN ID for the port default VLAN ID.

if-range

no pvid

This command configures 1 for the port default VLAN ID.

configure

vlan range STRINGS

This command configures a range of vlans.

configure

no vlan range STRINGS

This command removes a range of vlans.

vlan-range

add PORTLISTS

This command adds a port or a range of ports to the vlans.

vlan-range

fixed PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for permanent member of the VLAN group.

vlan-range

no fixed PORTLISTS

This command removes all fixed member from the vlans.

vlan-range

tagged PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for tagged member of the VLAN group. The ports should be one/some of the permanent members of the vlans.

vlan-range

no tagged PORTLISTS

This command removes all tagged member from the vlans.

vlan-range

untagged PORTLISTS

This command assigns ports for untagged member of the VLAN group. The ports should be one/some of the permanent members of the vlans.

vlan-range

no untagged PORTLISTS

This command removes all untagged member from the vlans.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#vlan 2 [DEVICE_NAME](config-vlan)#fixed 1-6 [DEVICE_NAME](config-vlan)#untagged 1-3

Web Configuration VLAN Settings

Advanced Settings > VLAN > VLAN > VLAN Settings

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

VLAN ID

Enter the VLAN ID for this entry; the valid range is between 1 and

4094.

VLAN Name

Enter a descriptive name for the VLAN for identification purposes. The VLAN name should be the combination of the digit or the alphabet or hyphens (-) or underscores (_). The maximum length of the name is 16 characters.

Member Port

Enter the port numbers you want the Switch to assign to the VLAN as members. You can designate multiple port numbers individually by using a comma (,) and by range with a hyphen (-).

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes back to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

VLAN List

VLAN ID

This field displays the index number of the VLAN entry. Click the number to modify the VLAN.

VLAN Name

This field displays the name of the VLAN.

VLAN Status

This field displays the status of the VLAN. Static or Dynamic (802.1Q VLAN).

Member Port

This field displays which ports have been assigned as members of the VLAN. This will display None if no ports have been assigned.

Action

Click Delete to remove the VLAN. The VLAN 1 cannot be deleted.

Parameter

Description

VLAN ID

Select a VLAN ID to configure its port tagging settings.

Tag Port

Selecting a port which is a member of the selected VLAN ID will make it a tag port. This means the port will tag all outgoing frames transmitted with the VLAN ID.

Select All

Click Select All to mark all member ports as tag ports.

Deselect All

Click Deselect All to mark all member ports as untag ports.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes back to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Tag Status

VLAN ID

This field displays the VLAN ID.

Tag Ports

This field displays the ports that have been assigned as tag ports.

Tag Settings

Advanced Settings > VLAN > Tag Settings

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Untag Ports

This field displays the ports that have been assigned as untag ports.

Parameter

Description

Port

Select a port number to configure from the drop-down box. Select All to configure all ports at the same time.

PVID

Select a PVID (Port VLAN ID number) from the drop-down box.

Acceptable Frame

Specify the type of frames allowed on a port. Choices are All, VLAN Untagged Only or VLAN Tagged Only.

- Select All from the drop-down list box to accept all untagged or tagged frames on this port. This is the default setting.

- Select VLAN Tagged Only to accept only tagged frames on this port. All untagged frames will be dropped.

- Select VLAN Untagged Only to accept only untagged frames on this port. All tagged frames will be dropped.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes back to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Port Status

Port

This field displays the port number.

PVID

This field displays the Port VLAN ID number.

Acceptable Frame

This field displays the type of frames allowed on the port. This will either display All or VLAN Tagged Only or VLAN Untagged Only.

Node

Command

Description

enable

show mac-vlan

This command displays the all of the mac-vlan configurations.

configure

mac-vlan STRINGS vlan VLANID priority <0-7>

This command creates a mac-vlan entry with the leading three or more bytes of mac address and the VLAN and the priority.

Port Settings

Advanced Settings > VLAN > VLAN > Port Settings

MAC VLAN

The MAC base VLAN allows users to create VLAN with MAC address. The MAC address can be the leading three or more bytes of the MAC address.

For example, 00:01:02 or 00:03:04:05 or 00:01:02:03:04:05.

When the Switch receives packets, it will compare MAC-based VLAN configures. If the SA is matched the MAC-based VLAN configures, the Switch replace the VLAN with user configured and them forward them.

For example:

Configurations: 00:01:02, VLAN=23, Priority=2. The packets with SA=00:01:02:xx:xx:xx will be forwarded to VLAN 22 member ports.

Notices: The 802.1Q port base VLAN should be created first.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

configure

no mac-vlan entry STRINGS

This command deletes a mac-vlan entry.

configure

no mac-vlan all

This command deletes all of the mac-vlan entries.

Parameter

Description

MAC Address

Configures the leading three or more bytes of the MAC address.

VLAN

Configures the VLAN.

Priority

Configures the 802.1Q priority.

Action

Click the “Delete” button to delete the protocol VLAN profile.

DHCP Options

DHCP Options, formally known as DHCP Options 82 is the “DHCP Relay Agent Information Option”. Option 82 was designed to allow a DHCP Relay Agent to insert circuit specific

information into a request that is being forwarded to a DHCP server. Specifically the

Example: [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mac-vlan 00:01:02:03:04 vlan 111 priority 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mac-vlan 00:01:02:22:04 vlan 121 priority 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#mac-vlan 00:01:22:22:04:05 vlan 221 priority 1

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > VLAN > MAC VLAN

option works by setting two sub-options: Circuit ID and Remote ID.

The DHCP option 82 is working on the DHCP snooping or/and DHCP relay. The switch will monitor the DHCP packets and append some information as below to the DHCPDISCOVER and DHCPREQUEST packets. The switch will remove the DHCP Option 82 from the DHCPOFFER and DHCPACK packets. The DHCP server will assign IP domain to the client dependent on these information.

The maximum length of the information is 32 characters.

In residential, metropolitan Ethernet-access environments, DHCP can centrally manage the IP address assignments for a large number of subscribers. When the DHCP option-82 feature is enabled on the switch, a subscriber device is identified by the switch port through which it connects to the network (in addition to its MAC address). Multiple hosts on the subscriber LAN can be connected to the same port on the access switch and are uniquely identified.

When you enable the DHCP snooping information option 82 on the switch, this sequence of events occurs:

 The host (DHCP client) generates a DHCP request and broadcasts it on the network.  When the switch receives the DHCP request, it adds the option-82 information in

the packet. The option-82 information contains the switch MAC address (the remote-ID suboption) and the port identifier, vlan-mod-port, from which the packet is received (the circuit-ID suboption).

 If the IP address of the relay agent is configured, the switch adds the IP address in

the DHCP packet.

 The switch forwards the DHCP request that includes the option-82 field to the DHCP

server.

 The DHCP server receives the packet. If the server is option-82 capable, it can use

the remote ID, the circuit ID, or both to assign IP addresses and implement policies, such as restricting the number of IP addresses that can be assigned to a single

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Code

Len

Agent Information Field

i4 … iN

Sub-Option

Len

Sub-Option Value

s4 … sN

Sub-Option Type

Length

Information

0x01

Circuit Form

Sub-Option Type

Length

Type

Length

Mac Address

0x02

8 0 6

remote ID or circuit ID. Then the DHCP server echoes the option-82 field in the DHCP

reply.

 The DHCP server unicasts the reply to the switch if the request was relayed to the

server by the switch. When the client and server are on the same subnet, the server

broadcasts the reply. The switch verifies that it originally inserted the option-82

data by inspecting the remote ID and possibly the circuit ID fields. The switch

removes the option-82 field and forwards the packet to the switch port that

connects to the DHCP client that sent the DHCP request.

Option Frame Format:

The Agent Information field consists of a sequence of SubOpt/Length/Value tuples for each sub-option, encoded in the following manner:

DHCP Agent Sub-Option Description Sub-option Code

--------------- ---------------------- 1 Agent Circuit ID Sub-option 2 Agent Remote ID Sub-option

Circuit ID Sub-option Format:

Remote ID Suboption Frame Format:

Circuit Form:

The circuit form is a flexible architecture. It allows user to combine any information or the system configurations into the circuit sub-option.

The Circuit Form is a string format. And its maximum length is 100 characters. The keyword, %SPACE, will be replaced with a space character. The other keywords get system configurations from the system and then replace the

keyword and its leading code in the Circuit form. Eventually, the content of the circuit form is part of the payload on the DHCP option 82 packet.

Rules:

 The keyword must have a leading code ‘%’. For example: %HOSTNAME.  If there are any characters following the keywords, you must add ‘+’ between

the keyword and character. For example: %HOSTNAME+/.

 If there are any characters before the keyword, you must add ‘+’ between the

character and the keyword. For example: Test+%HOSTNAME.

Keyword:

HOSTNAME -Add the system name into the Circuit sub-option.. SPACE -Add a space character. SVLAN -Add the service provider VLAN ID into the Circuit sub-option.

If the service provider VLAN is not defined, the system will return PVLAN.

CVLAN -Add the customer VLAN ID into the Circuit sub-option.

If the CVLAN is not defined, the system returns 0. PORT -Add the transmit port ID into the Circuit sub-option. FRAME -Add the frame ID into the Circuit sub-option.

The frame ID is configured with the CLI command, “dhcp-

options option82 circuit_frame VALUE”. Or GUI Circuit Frame.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show dhcp-options

This command displays the DHCP options configurations.

configure

dhcp-options option82 (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the DHCP option 82 on the Switch.

configure

dhcp-options option82 circuit_id

This command configures the information of the circuit ID sub-option.

configure

dhcp-options option82 remote_id

This command configures the information of the remote ID sub-option.

configure

dhcp-options option82 circuit_frame VALUE

This command configures the frame ID for the circuit sub-option.

configure

dhcp-options option82 circuit_shelf VALUE

This command configures the shelf ID for the circuit sub-option.

configure

dhcp-options option82 circuit_slot VALUE

This command configures the slot ID for the circuit sub-option.

SHELF -Add the shelf ID into the Circuit sub-option.

The shelf ID is configured with the CLI command, “dhcpoptions option82 circuit_shelf VALUE”. Or GUI Circuit Shelf.

SLOT -Add the slot ID into the Circuit sub-option.

The slot ID is configured with the CLI command, “dhcpoptions option82 circuit_slot VALUE”. Or GUI Circuit Slot.

For Example:

HOSTNAME=[YOUR_DEVICE_NAME]. SVLAN=44. CVLAN=32.

CircuitForm=RD+%SPACE+Department+%SPACE+%HOSTNAME+%SPACE+%POR

T+_+%SVLAN+.+%CVLAN

The circuit sub-option result is: RD Department [YOUR_DEVICE_NAME] 1_44.32

Default Settings:

DHCP Option 82 state: disabled. Circuit Frame: 1. Circuit Shelf: 0. Circuit Slot: 0. Circuit ID String: %HOSTNAME+%SPACE+eth/+%FRAME+/+%SHELF+/+%SLOT+:+%PORT+_+%SVLAN+:+%C

VLAN Remote ID String: %HOSTNAME+%SPACE+eth/+%FRAME+/+%SHELF+/+%SLOT+:+%PORT+_+%SVLAN+:+%C

VLAN

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

State

Select this option to enable / disable the DHCP option 82 on the Switch.

Circuit Frame

The frame ID for the circuit sub-option.

Circuit Shelf

The shelf ID for the circuit sub-option.

Circuit Slot

The slot ID for the circuit sub-option.

Circuit-ID String

The String of the circuit ID sub-option information.

Remote-ID String

The String of the remote ID sub-option information.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

DHCP Option 82 Port Settings

Port

The Port ID.

Curcuit-ID String

The String of the circuit ID sub-option information for the specific port.

Remote-ID String

The String of the remote ID sub-option information for the specific port.

DHCP Option 82 Port Status

The field displays all of the ports’ configurations.

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > DHCP Options

DHCP Relay

Because the DHCPDISCOVER message is a broadcast message, and broadcasts only cross other segments when they are explicitly routed, you might have to configure a DHCP Relay Agent on the router interface so that all DHCPDISCOVER messages can be forwarded to your DHCP server. Alternatively, you can configure the router to forward DHCP messages and BOOTP message. In a routed network, you would need DHCP Relay Agents if you plan to implement only one DHCP server.

The DHCP Relay that either a host or an IP router that listens for DHCP client messages being broadcast on a subnet and then forwards those DHCP messages directly to a configured DHCP server. The DHCP server sends DHCP response messages directly back to the DHCP relay agent, which then forwards them to the DHCP client. The DHCP administrator uses DHCP relay agents to centralize DHCP servers, avoiding the need for a DHCP server on each subnet.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Most of the time in small networks DHCP uses broadcasts however there are some circumstances where unicast addresses will be used. A router for such a subnet receives the DHCP broadcasts, converts them to unicast (with a destination MAC/IP address of the configured DHCP server, source MAC/IP of the router itself). The field identified as the GIADDR in the main DHCP page is populated with the IP address of the interface on the router it received the DHCP request on. The DHCP server uses the GIADDR field to identify the subnet the device and select an IP address from the correct pool. The DHCP server then sends the DHCP OFFER back to the router via unicast which then converts it back to a broadcast and out to the correct subnet containing the device requesting an address.

Configurations:

Users can enable/disable the DHCP Relay on the Switch. Users also can enable/disable the DHCP Relay on a specific VLAN. If the DHCP Relay on the Switch is disabled, the DHCP Relay is disabled on all VLANs even some of the VLAN DHCP Relay are enabled.

Applications:

 Application-1 (Over a Router)

The DHCP cleint-1 and DHCP client-2 are located in different IP segments. But they allocate IP address from the same DHCP server.

DHCP client-1 Switch Router Switch DHCP client-2

DHCP Server

 Application-2 (Local in different VLANs)

The DHCP cleint-1 and DHCP client-2 are located in different VLAN. But they allocate IP address from the same DHCP server.

Server Client Client Client Client Client Client Client

VLAN 1: port 1, 2 (Management VLAN) VLAN 2: port 3, 4 VLAN 3: port 5, 6 VLAN 4: port 7, 8

DHCP Server  Port 1. DHCP Client  Port 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

Result: Hosts connected to port 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 can get IP from DHCP server.

Note: The DHCP Server must connect to the management VLAN member ports.

The DHCP Relay in management VLAN should be enabled.

Default Settings:

The default global DHCP relay state is disabled. The default VLAN DHCP relay state is disabled for all VLANs. The default DHCP server is 0.0.0.0

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show dhcp relay

This command displays the current DHCP relay configurations.

configure

dhcp relay (disable | enable)

This command disables/enables the DHCP relay on the switch.

configure

dhcp relay vlan VLAN_RANGE

This command enables the DHCP relay function on a VLAN or a range of VLANs.

configure

no dhcp relay vlan VLAN_RANGE

This command disables the DHCP relay function on a VLAN or a range of VLANs.

configure

dhcp helperaddress IP_ADDRESS

This command configures the DHCP server’s IP

address.

configure

no dhcp helperaddress

This command removes the DHCP server’s IP

address.

Parameter

Description

State Enables / disables the DHCP relay for the Switch.

VLAN State

Enables / disables the DHCP relay on the specific VLAN(s).

DHCP Server IP

Configures the DHCP server’s IP address.

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface eth0 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#ip address 172.20.1.101/24 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#ip address default-gateway 172.20.1.1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp relay enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp relay vlan 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp helper-address 172.20.1.1

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > DHCP Relay

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show interface [IFNAME]

This command displays the current port configurations.

interface

power efficientethernet auto

The command enables EEE on the specified interface. When EEE is enabled, the device advertises and auto negotiates EEE to its link partner.

interface

no power efficientethernet auto

The command disables EEE on the specified interface.

Parameter

Description

EEE Port State

Click a port to enable IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet on that port.

Select All

Click this to enable IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet across all ports.

Deselect All

Click this to disable IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet across all ports.

Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields to the last setting.

EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet)

The Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) is an IEEE 802.3az standard that is designed to reduce power consumption in Ethernet networks during idle periods.

EEE can be enabled on devices that support low power idle (LPI) mode. Such devices can save power by entering LPI mode during periods of low utilization. In LPI mode, systems on both ends of the link can save power by shutting down certain services. EEE provides the protocol needed to transition into and out of LPI mode in a way that is transparent to upper layer protocols and applications.

Default Settings

All ports’ EEE states are disabled.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > EEE

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#interface gigabitethernet1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#power efficient-ethernet auto [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#no power efficient-ethernet auto

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show link-aggregation

The command displays the current trunk configurations.

configure

link-aggregation [GROUP_ID] (disable | enable)

The command disables / enables the trunk on the specific trunk group.

configure

link-aggregation [GROUP_ID] interface PORTLISTS

The command adds ports to a specific trunk group.

configure

no link-aggregation [GROUP_ID] interface PORTLISTS

The commands delete ports from a specific trunk group.

Link Aggregation

Static Trunk

Link Aggregation (Trunking) is the grouping of physical ports into one logical highercapacity link. You may want to trunk ports if for example, it is cheaper to use multiple lower-speed links than to under-utilize a high-speed, but more costly, single-port link.

However, the more ports you aggregate then the fewer available ports you have. A trunk group is one logical link containing multiple ports. The Switch supports both static and dynamic link aggregation.

Note: In a properly planned network, it is recommended to implement static link aggregation only. This ensures increased network stability and control over the trunk groups on your Switch.

Default Settings:

The default group Link Aggregation state is disabled for all groups. The default group Link Aggregation load balance is source MAC and destination MAC for all groups. Maximum link aggregation group: 6 Maximum port in link aggregation group: 8

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#link-aggregation 1 enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#link-aggregation 1 ports 1-4

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Link Aggregation > Static Trunk

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

Group State

Select the group ID to use for this trunk group, that is, one logical link containing multiple ports.

Select Enable to use this static trunk group.

Load Balance

Configures the load balance algorithm for the specific trunk group.

Member Ports

Select the ports to be added to the static trunk group.

Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields to the last setting.

Trunk Group Status

Group ID

This field displays the group ID to identify a trunk group, that is, one logical link containing multiple ports.

State

This field displays if the trunk group is enabled or disabled.

Load Balance

This field displays the load balance policy for the trunk group.

Member Ports

This field displays the assigned ports that comprise the static trunk group.

 You must connect all ports point-to-point to the same Ethernet switch and

configure the ports for LACP trunking.

 LACP only works on full-duplex links.  All ports in the same trunk group must have the same media type, speed,

and duplex mode and flow control settings.

 Configure trunk groups or LACP before you connect the Ethernet switch to

avoid causing network topology loops.

System Priority:

The switch with the lowest system priority (and lowest port number if system priority is the same) becomes the LACP “server”. The LACP “server” controls the operation of LACP setup. Enter a number to set the priority of an active port using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), the smaller the number, the higher the priority level.

System ID:

The LACP system ID is the combination of the LACP system priority value and the MAC address of the router.

Administrative Key:

The administrative key defines the ability of a port to aggregate with other ports. A port's ability to aggregate with other ports is determined by these factors:

LACP

The Switch adheres to the IEEE 802.3ad standard for static and dynamic (LACP) port trunking.

The IEEE 802.3ad standard describes the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) for dynamically creating and managing trunk groups.

When you enable LACP link aggregation on a port, the port can automatically negotiate with the ports at the remote end of a link to establish trunk groups. LACP also allows

port redundancy, that is, if an operational port fails, then one of the “standby” ports

become operational without user intervention.

Please note that:

Port Priority:

The port priority determines which ports should be put in standby mode when there is a hardware limitation that prevents all compatible ports from aggregating.

Default Settings:

The default System Priority is 32768. The default group LACP state is disabled for all groups.

 Port physical characteristics, such as data rate, duplex capability, and

point-to-point or shared medium.

 Configuration restrictions that you establish.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show lacp counters [GROUP_ID]

This command displays the LACP counters for the specific group or all groups.

enable

show lacp internal [GROUP_ID]

This command displays the LACP internal information for the specific group or all groups.

enable

show lacp neighbor [GROUP_ID]

This command displays the LACP

neighbor’s information for the

specific group or all groups.

enable

show lacp port_priority

This command displays the port priority for the LACP.

enable

show lacp sys_id

This command displays the actor’s and partner’s system ID.

configure

lacp (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the LACP on the switch.

configure

lacp GROUP_ID (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the LACP on the specific trunk group.

configure

clear lacp counters [PORT_ID]

This command clears the LACP statistics for the specific port or all ports.

configure

lacp system-priority<1-65535>

This command configures the system priority for the LACP. Note: The default value is 32768.

configure

no lacp system-priority

This command configures the default for the system priority for the LACP.

interface

lacp port_priority <1-65535>

This command configures the priority for the specific port. Note: The default value is 32768.

interface

no lacp port_priority

This command configures the default for the priority for the specific port.

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

if-range

lacp port_priority <1-65535>

This command configures the priority for the specific ports. Note: The default value is 32768.

if-range

no lacp port_priority

This command configures the default for the priority for the specific ports.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

State

Select Enable from the drop down box to enable Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).

Select Disable to not use LACP.

System Priority

LACP system priority is a number between 1 and 65,535. The switch with the lowest system priority (and lowest port number

if system priority is the same) becomes the LACP “server”. The LACP “server” controls the operation of LACP setup. Enter a

number to set the priority of an active port using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The smaller the number, the higher the priority level.

Group LACP

Select a trunk group ID and then select whether to Enable or Disable Group Link Aggregation Control Protocol for that trunk group.

Port Priority

Select a port or a range of ports to configure its (their) LACP priority.

Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click this to reset the fields to the last setting.

LACP Group Status

Group ID

The field identifies the LACP group ID.

State

This field displays if the group has LACP enabled.

LACP Group Status

Port

The field identifies the port ID.

Priority

The field identifies the port’s LACP priority.

Web Configuration LACP Settings

Advanced Settings > Link Aggregation > LACP

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

Group ID

Select a LACP group that you want to view.

Neighbors Information

Port

The LACP member port ID.

System Priority

LACP system priority is used to determine link aggregation group (LAG) membership, and to identify this device to other switches during LAG negotiations. (Range: 0-65535; Default:

32768)

System ID

The neighbor Switch’s system ID.

Port

The direct connected port Id of the neighbor Switch.

Age

The available time period of the neighbor Switch LACP information.

Port State

The direct connected port’s state of the neighbor Switch.

Port Priority

The direct connected port’s priority of the neighbor Switch.

Oper Key

The Oper key of the LACP member port.

Internal Information

Port Priority

The port priority of the LACP member port.

Admin Key

The Admin key of the LACP member port.

Oper Key

The Oper key of the LACP member port.

Port State

The port state of the LACP member port.

LACP Info.

Advanced Settings > Link Aggregation > LACP Info.

Loop Detection

Loop detection is designed to handle loop problems on the edge of your network. This can occur when a port is connected to a Switch that is in a loop state. Loop state occurs as a result of human error. It happens when two ports on a switch are connected with the same cable. When a switch in loop state sends out broadcast messages the messages loop back to the switch and are re-broadcast again and again causing a broadcast storm.

The loop detection function sends probe packets periodically to detect if the port connect to a network in loop state. The Switch shuts down a port if the Switch detects

that probe packets loop back to the same port of the Switch.

Loop Recovery: When the loop detection is enabled, the Switch will send one probe packets every two

seconds and then listen this packet. If it receives the packet at the same port, the Switch will disable this port. After the time period, recovery time, the Switch will enable this port and do loop detection again.

The Switch generates syslog, internal log messages as well as SNMP traps when it shuts down a port via the loop detection feature.

Default Settings

The default global Loop-Detection state is disabled.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show loop-detection

This command displays the current loop detection configurations.

configure

loop-detection (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the loop detection on the switch.

configure

loop-detection address MACADDR

This command configures the destination MAC for the loop detection special packets.

configure

no loop-detection address

This command configures the destination MAC to default (00:0b:04:AA:AA:AB).

interface

loop-detection (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the loop detection on the port.

interface

no shutdown

This command enables the port. It can unblock port blocked by loop detection.

interface

loop-detection recovery (disable | enable)

This command enables / disables the recovery function on the port.

interface

loop-detection recovery time VALUE

This command configures the recovery period time.

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/ PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

if-range

loop-detection (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the loop detection on the ports.

if-range

loop-detection recovery (disable | enable)

This command enables / disables the recovery function on the port.

if-range

loop-detection recovery time VALUE

This command configures the recovery period time.

The default Loop Detection Destination MAC is 00:0b:04:AA:AA:AB The default Port Loop-Detection state is disabled for all ports. The default Port Loop-Detection status is unblocked for all ports.

The loop detection on the Switch is disabled. Loop Detection Destination MAC=00:0b:04:aa:aa:ab

Recovery Recovery

Port State Status State Time Port State Status State Time

---- -------- ------- -------- ---- ---- -------- ------- -------- ---- 1 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 2 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 3 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 4 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 5 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 6 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 7 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 8 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 9 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 10 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 11 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 12 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 13 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 14 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 15 Disabled Normal Enabled 1 16 Disabled Normal Enabled 1

CLI Configuration

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#loop-detection enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#loop-detection enable

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Parameter

Description

State

Select this option to enable loop guard on the Switch.

MAC Address

Enter the destination MAC address the probe packets will be sent to. If the port receives these same packets the port will be shut down.

Port

Select a port on which to configure loop guard protection.

State

Select Enable to use the loop guard feature on the Switch.

Loop Recovery

Select Enable to reactivate the port automatically after the designated recovery time has passed.

Recovery Time

Specify the recovery time in minutes that the Switch will wait before reactivating the port. This can be between 1 to 60 minutes.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Loop Guard Status

Port

This field displays a port number.

State

This field displays if the loop guard feature is enabled.

Status

This field displays if the port is blocked.

Loop Recovery

This field displays if the loop recovery feature is enabled.

Recovery Time (min)

This field displays the recovery time for the loop recovery feature.

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Loop Detection

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Data Access Type

Function Code

Function Name

Note

Bit access

Physical Discrete Inputs

Read Discrete Inputs

Not support now

Internal Bits or Physical

Coils

Read Coils

Not support now

Word access

(16-bit access)

Physical Input Registers

Read Input Registers

Physical Output Registers

Read Holding Registers

Not support now

Address Offset

Data Type

Interpretation

Description System Information

0x0000

1 word

HEX

Vendor ID = 0x0b04

0x0001

16 words

ASCII

Vendor Name = “ABCDEFG Corp.” Word 0 Hi byte = ‘A’ Word 0 Lo byte = ‘B’ Word 1 Hi byte = ‘C’

Word 1 Lo byte = ‘D’ Word 2 Hi byte = ‘E’ Word 2 Lo byte = ‘F’

Word 3 Hi byte = ‘G’ Word 3 Lo byte = ‘ ’ Word 4 Hi byte = ‘C’ Word 4 Lo byte = ‘o’ Word 5 Hi byte = ‘r’ Word 5 Lo byte = ‘p’ Word 6 Hi byte = ‘.’ Word 6 Lo byte = ‘\0’

0x0020

16 words

ASCII

Product Name = “SWITCH” Word 0 Hi byte = ‘S’ Word 0 Lo byte = ‘W’ Word 1 Hi byte = ‘I’ Word 1 Lo byte = ‘T’ Word 2 Hi byte = ‘C’

Word 2 Lo byte = ‘H’

0x0040

7 words

Product Serial Number Ex: Serial No=A000000000001

0x0050

12 words

ASCII

Firmware Version=” 8648-999-

1.1.0.S0”

Word 0 Hi byte = ‘8’ Word 0 Lo byte = ‘6’ Word 1 Hi byte = ‘4’ Word 1 Lo byte = ‘8’ Word 2 Hi byte = ‘-’

Word 2 Lo byte = ‘9’ Word 3 Hi byte = ‘9’ Word 3 Lo byte = ‘9’

Modbus

MODBUS TCP supports different types of data format for reading. The primary four types of them are:

MODBUS Data Map and Information Interpretation of IE Switches

MODBUS base address of switches is 1001(decimal) for Function Code 4.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Word 4 Hi byte = ‘-’ Word 4 Lo byte = ‘1’ Word 5 Hi byte = ‘.’ Word 5 Lo byte = ‘1’ Word 6 Hi byte = ‘.’ Word 6 Lo byte = ‘0’ Word 7 Hi byte = ‘.’ Word 7 Lo byte = ‘S’ Word 8 Hi byte = ‘0’ Word 8 Lo byte = ‘\0’

0x0060

16 words

ASCII

Firmware Release Date=” Mon Sep 30 18:51:45 2013”

0x0070

3 words

HEX

Ethernet MAC Address Ex: MAC = 00-01-02-03-04-05 Word 0 Hi byte = 0 x 00 Word 0 Lo byte = 0 x 01 Word 1 Hi byte = 0 x 02 Word 1 Lo byte = 0 x 03 Word 2 Hi byte = 0 x 04 Word 2 Lo byte = 0 x 05

0x0080

1 word

HEX

Power 1(PWR) Alarm, DIP switch 1 need ON

0x0000: no alarm 0x0001: input voltage < 44V 0x0002: input voltage > 57V 0x0003: No PWR input

0x0081

1 word

HEX

Power 2(RPS) Alarm, DIP switch 1 need ON

0x0000: no alarm 0x0001: input voltage < 44V

0x0002: input voltage > 57V 0x0003: No RPSinput

0x0090

1 word

HEX

Fault LED Status 0x0000: No 0x0001: Yes

Port Information

0x0100 to 0x0109

1 word

HEX

Port 1 to 10 Link Status 0x0000: Link down 0x0001: 10M-Full-FC_ON (FC: Flow

Control) 0x0002: 10M-Full-FC_OFF 0x0003: 10M-Half-FC_ON 0x0004: 10M-Half-FC_OFF 0x0005: 100M-Full-FC_ON 0x0006: 100M-Full-FC_OFF 0x0007: 100M-Half-FC_ON 0x0008: 100M-Half-FC_OFF 0x0009: 1000M-Full-FC_ON 0x000A: 1000M-Full-FC_OFF 0x000B: 1000M-Half-FC_ON 0x000C: 1000M-Half-FC_OFF 0xFFFF: No port

0x0200 to 0x0213

(port 1) 0x0220 to 0x0233

(port 2) … 0x0320 to

20 words

ASCII

Port 1 to 10 Description

Port Description = “100TX,RJ45.” Or “1000TX,SFP.”

Word 0 Hi byte = ‘1’ Word 0 Lo byte = ‘0’ Word 1 Hi byte = ‘0’ Word 1 Lo byte = ‘T’

…

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

0x0333 (port 10)

Word 4 Hi byte = ‘4’ Word 4 Lo byte = ‘5’ Word 5 Hi byte = ‘.’ Word 5 Lo byte = ‘\0’

0x0400 to 0x0413 (port 1 to

10)

2 words

HEX

Port 1 to 10 Tx Packets Ex: port 1 Tx Packet Amount =

0x87654321 Word 0 =8765 Word 1 = 4321

0x0440 to 0x0453 (port 1 to

10)

2 words

HEX

Port 1 to 10 Rx Packets Ex: port 1 Rx Packet Amount =

0x123456 Word 0 = 0012 Word 1 = 3456

0x0480 to 0x0493 (port 1 to

10)

2 words

HEX

Port 1 to 10 Tx Error Packets Ex: port 1 Tx Error Packet Amount =

0x87654321 Word 0 =8765 Word 1 = 4321

0x04C0 to 0x04D3 (port 1 to

10)

2 words

HEX

Port 1 to 10 Rx Error Packets Ex: port 1 Rx Error Packet Amount =

0x123456 Word 0 = 0012 Word 1 = 3456

STP Information

0x0500

1 word

HEX

STP Status: 0x0000 : STP is disabled. 0x0001 : STP 0x0002 : RSTP 0x0003 : MSTP

Xpress Ring Information

0x0501

1 word

HEX

Xpress Ring Status on the Switch: 0x0000 : Disabled. 0x0001 : Enabled

0x0510

1 word

HEX

Status of Xpress-ring1 of the Switch 0x0000 : Disabled 0x0001 : Enabled

0x0511

1 word

HEX

Status of Xpress-ring2 of the Switch 0x0000 : Disabled 0x0001 : Enabled

0x0512

3 word

HEX

Destination MAC of the Xpress-ring1 Word 0 Lo byte = MAC0 Word 0 Hi byte = MAC1 Word 1 Lo byte = MAC2 Word 1 Hi byte = MAC3 Word 2 Lo byte = MAC4 Word 2 Hi byte = MAC5

0x0515

3 word

HEX

Destination MAC of the Xpress-ring2 Word 0 Lo byte = MAC0 Word 0 Hi byte = MAC1 Word 1 Lo byte = MAC2 Word 1 Hi byte = MAC3 Word 2 Lo byte = MAC4 Word 2 Hi byte = MAC5

0x0518

1 word

HEX

Primary Port of the Xpress-ring1 Word 0 Hi byte = Port ID.

0x0519

1 word

HEX

Secondary Port of the Xpress-ring1 Word 0 Hi byte = Port ID.

0x051a

1 word

HEX

Primary Port of the Xpress-ring2

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Word 0 Hi byte = Port ID.

0x051b

1 word

HEX

Secondary Port of the Xpress-ring2 Word 0 Hi byte = Port ID.

0x051c

1 word

HEX

Role of Xpress-ring1 0x0000 : Forwarder 0x0001 : Arbiter

0x051d

1 word

HEX

Role of Xpress-ring2 0x0000 : Forwarder 0x0001 : Arbiter

0x051e

1 word

HEX

Primary Port Status of Xpress-ring1 0x0000 : link down 0x0001 : forwarding 0x0002 : blocking

0x051f

1 word

HEX

Secondary Port Status of Xpress-ring1 0x0000 : link down 0x0001 : forwarding 0x0002 : blocking

0x0520

1 word

HEX

Primary Port Status of Xpress-ring2 0x0000 : link down 0x0001 : forwarding 0x0002 : blocking

0x0521

1 word

HEX

Secondary Port Status of Xpress-ring2 0x0000 : link down 0x0001 : forwarding 0x0002 : blocking

Node

Command

Description

enable

show modbus

This command displays the current Modbus configurations.

configure

modbus (disable|enable)

This command disables / enables the Modbus on the switch.

Parameter

Description

State

Select this option to enable / disable the Modbus on the Switch.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Modbus

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Class

Maximum Power

Output

from a Switch Port

Power Ranges of the PDs

15.4W

0.44W to 12.95W

4.0W

0.44W to 3.84W

7.0W

3.84W to 6.49W

15.4W

6.49W to 12.95W

34.2W

12.85W to 25.5W

Priority Level

Description

Critical

This is the highest priority level. Ports set to the Critical level are guaranteed to receive power before any of the ports assigned to the other priority levels.

High

Ports set to the High level receive power only when all the ports assigned to the Critical level are already receiving power.

Low

This is the lowest priority level. Ports set to the Low level receive power only when all the ports assigned to the Critical and High levels are already receiving power. This level is the default setting.

Power over Ethernet

(Supported Models: TI-PG541i, TI-PG102i)

The main advantage of PoE is that it can make installing a network easier. The selection of a location for a network device is often limited by whether there is a power source nearby. This constraint limits equipment placement or requires the added time and cost of having additional electrical sources installed. However, with PoE, you can install PoE compatible devices wherever they are needed without having to worry about whether there is power source nearby.

Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE)

A device that provides PoE to other network devices is referred to as power sourcing equipment (PSE). The Gigabit Web Smart PoE+ Switch is a PSE device which provides DC power to the network cable and functions as a central power source for other network devices.

Powered Device (PD)

A device that receives power from a PSE device is called a powered device (PD). Examples include wireless access points, IP phones, webcams, and even other Ethernet switches.

PD Classes PDs are grouped into five classes. The classes are based on the amount of power that PDs require. The Gigabit Web Smart PoE+ Switch supports all five classes.

Power Budget Power budget is the maximum amount of power that the PoE switch can provide at one

time to the connected PDs. Port Prioritization As long as the total power requirements of the PDs is less than the total available power of the switch, it can supply power to all of the PDs.

However, when the PD power requirements exceed the total available power, the switch denies power to some ports based on a process called port prioritization.

The ports on the PoE switch are assigned to one of three priority levels. These levels and descriptions are listed in Table 3. Without enough power to support all the ports set to the same priority level at one time, the switch provides power to the ports based on the port number, in ascending order. For example, when all of the ports in the switch are set to the low priority level and the power requirements are exceeded on the switch, port 1 has the highest priority level, port 2 has the next highest priority level and so forth.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show poe

This command displays the PoE configurations and status.

enable

show poe schedule port PORT_ID

This command displays the PoE port schedule configurations.

configure

poe (disable | enable)

This command disables or enables the global PoE for the Switch.

configure

poe total-power

This command configures the total power which the Switch can support.

interface

poe (disable|enable)

This command enables or disables the PoE function on the specific port.

interface

poe priority (critical|high|low)

This command configures the priority of the PoE function for the specific port.

 critical: The highest priority.  high: The middle priority.  low: The lowest priority.

Parameter

Description

PoE Mode

Selects the PoE mode, classification or consumption.

Classification - Allocated power according to class (0 to 4). Consumption - Allocated power according to the actual need of

each PD.

Port

Selects a port or a range of ports that you want to configure the PoE function.

State

Selects Enable to enable the PoE function on the specific port. Selects Disable to disable the PoE function on the specific port.

Priority

Selects Critical / High / Low priority for the specific port.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > PoE > Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

PoE Mode

Displays the current PoE mode.

Total Power

Displays the total power that the Switch supports.

Total Consuming Power

Displays the total consuming power for all of the PDs.

External Power Module

Displays the status of the external power module.

Port

Display the Port No.

State

Displays the PoE state for the specific port.

PD Priority

Displays the PoE priority for the specific port.

Class

The field displays the class mode which the PSE negotiate with the PD on the specific port.

Consuming Power(mW)

Displays the consuming power for the specific port.

Power Allocated(mW)

Displays the power allocated for the specific port.

Current Status(mA)

Displays the current status for the specific port.

PD Alive Check

The function has a global state configuration. If the global state configuration is enabled. The Switch will check the configurations of every port.

If the port’s state is enabled, the Switch will send keep-a-live probe packet every interval time. If the host cannot respond when the keep-a-live probe packet count is over the retry times, the Switch performs the action, reboot/alarm/all to the Power Device, depending on the port’s configuration.

Power OFF Time (sec):

When PD has been rebooted, the PoE port restored power after the specified time.

Default:15, range: 3-120 sec.

Start up Time (sec):

When PD has been start up, the Switch will wait Start up time to do PoE Auto Checking.

Default: 60, range: 30-600 sec.

Interval Time (sec):

Device will send checking message to PD each interval time. Default: 30, range: 10-120 sec.

Action:

The action when the failure detection. All: Send an alarm message to inform the administrator and then reboot

the PD.

Alarm: Just send an alarm message to inform the administrator. None: Keep Ping the remote PD but does nothing further. Reboot: Cut off the power of the PoE port, make PD rebooted.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show pd-alive

This command displays the configuration of the PD Alive Check.

configure

pd-alive (disable|enable)

This command disables or enables the global PD Alive Check for the Switch.

interface

pd-alive action (reboot|alarm|all|none)

This command configures the action when the system detects that the host cannot respond the keep-a-live probe packet.

interface

pd-alive interval VALUE

This command configures the interval to send the keep-a-live probe packets to check if the host is still alive for the specific port.

interface

pd-alive ip IP_ADDR

This command configures the Host IP address which connects to the specific port.

interface

pd-alive retry-time VALUE

This command configures the retry times when no response from the host for the keep-a-live probe packet for the specific port.

interface

pd-alive power-off-time VALUE startup-time VALUE

This command configures the power-off time and startup time.

Parameter

Description

State

Enables/Disables the PD Alive Check.

Port

Selects a port or a range of ports which you want to configure.

State

Enables/Disables the PD Alive Check for the specific port(s).

IP Address

Specifies the Host IP address which connects to the port.

Interval

The interval to send the packet probes to check if the host is still alive.

Retry Time

The retry times when no response from the host for the keepalive probe packet.

Action

The action to the Power Device when the system detects that the Power Device cannot respond the keep-a-live probe packet. The options have Reboot / Alarm / All /None.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > PoE > PD Alive Check

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Power Off Time

When PD has been rebooted, the PoE port restored power after the Power Off Time time.

Start Up Time

The Switch waits the Start Up Time to do PoE Auto Checking when the PD is rebooting.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Node

Command

Description

enable

show poe schedule port PORT_ID

This command displays the PoE port schedule configurations.

interface

poe schedule (disable|enable)

This command disables or enables the PoE schedule on the specific port.

interface

poe schedule week (Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat) check (yes|no)

This command enables or disables the PoE schedule on the specific day.

interface

poe schedule week (Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat) start-time VALUE end-time VALUE action (enable|disable)

This command configures the PoE schedule start-time and end-time on a specific day on the specific port. Users can enable or disable the PoE on the time period.

Parameter

Description

Port

Selects a port that you want to configure the PoE schedule function.

Week

Select a week day that you want to configure the schedule.

Check

Enables or Disables the PoE schedule on the specific port for a defined time period.

Time (Hour)

Select the time (in hours) to start and stop the schedule.

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > PoE > Schedule

PoE Schedule

The function has a global state configuration. If the global state configuration is disabled. The Switch will not perform the schedule function. If the global state is

enabled, the Switch will check every port’s configurations.

If the port’s check configuration is NO for a specific day, the Switch will not perform action for the specific port. If the port’s check configuration is YES for a specific day, the

Switch will check the Start time and End Time. If the current time is in the interval between Start time and End Time, the Switch will perform the action configuration. If the action is ENABLE, the Switch will send power to the port. If the current time is not in the interval between Start time and End Time, the Switch will not send power to the port.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

STP

STP/RSTP

(R)STP detects and breaks network loops and provides backup links between switches, bridges or routers. It allows a Switch to interact with other (R)STP compliant switches in your network to ensure that only one path exists between any two stations on the network.

The Switch supports Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) as defined in the following standards.

 IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol  IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

The Switch uses IEEE 802.1w RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) that allows faster convergence of the spanning tree than STP (while also being backwards compatible with STP-only aware bridges). In RSTP, topology change information is directly propagated throughout the network from the device that generates the topology change. In STP, a longer delay is required as the device that causes a topology change first notifies the root bridge and then the root bridge notifies the network. Both RSTP and STP flush unwanted learned addresses from the filtering database.

In STP, the port states are Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding. In RSTP, the port states are Discarding, Learning, and Forwarding.

Note: In this document, “STP” refers to both STP and RSTP.

STP Terminology

 The root bridge is the base of the spanning tree.  Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame onto a LAN through that port.

The recommended cost is assigned according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher the cost.

 On each bridge, the bridge communicates with the root through the root

port. The root port is the port on this Switch with the lowest path cost to the root (the root path cost). If there is no root port, then this Switch has been accepted as the root bridge of the spanning tree network.

 For each LAN segment, a designated bridge is selected. This bridge has the

lowest cost to the root among the bridges connected to the LAN.

Forward Time (Forward Delay):

This is the maximum time (in seconds) the Switch will wait before changing states. This delay is required because every switch must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a blocking state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result. The allowed range is 4 to 30 seconds.

Max Age:

This is the maximum time (in seconds) the Switch can wait without receiving a BPDU before attempting to reconfigure. All Switch ports (except for designated ports) should receive BPDUs at regular intervals. Any port that age out STP information (provided in the last BPDU) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new root port is selected from among the Switch ports attached to the network. The allowed range is 6 to 40 seconds.

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Hello Time:

This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch. The allowed range is 1 to 10 seconds.

PathCost:

Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame on to a LAN through that port. It is recommended to assign this value according to the speed of the bridge, the slower the media, the higher the cost.

How STP Works? After a bridge determines the lowest cost-spanning tree with STP, it enables the root

port and the ports that are the designated ports for connected LANs, and disables all other ports that participate in STP. Network packets are therefore only forwarded between enabled ports, eliminating any possible network loops.

STP-aware switches exchange Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) periodically. When the bridged LAN topology changes, a new spanning tree is constructed. Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the root bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Max Age), the bridge assumes that the link to the root bridge is down. This bridge then initiates negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to re-establish a valid network topology.

802.1D STP

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a link layer network protocol that ensures a loopfree topology for any bridged LAN. It is based on an algorithm invented by Radia Perlman while working for Digital Equipment Corporation. In the OSI model for computer networking, STP falls under the OSI layer-2. Spanning tree allows a network design to include spare (redundant) links to provide automatic backup paths if an active link fails, without the danger of bridge loops, or the need for manual enabling/disabling of these backup links. Bridge loops must be avoided because they result in flooding the network.

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is defined in the IEEE Standard 802.1D. As the name suggests, it creates a spanning tree within a mesh network of connected layer-2 bridges (typically Ethernet switches), and disables those links that are not part of the tree, leaving a single active path between any two network nodes.

STP switch port states

 Blocking - A port that would cause a switching loop, no user data is sent or

received but it may go into forwarding mode if the other links in use were to fail and the spanning tree algorithm determines the port may transition to the forwarding state. BPDU data is still received in blocking state.

 Listening - The switch processes BPDUs and awaits possible new information

that would cause it to return to the blocking state.

 Learning - While the port does not yet forward frames (packets) it does learn

source addresses from frames received and adds them to the filtering database (switching database)

 Forwarding - A port receiving and sending data, normal operation. STP still

monitors incoming BPDUs that would indicate it should return to the blocking state to prevent a loop.

 Disabled - Not strictly part of STP, a network administrator can manually

disable a port

802.1w RSTP In 1998, the IEEE with document 802.1w introduced an evolution of the Spanning Tree

Protocol: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), which provides for faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change. Standard IEEE 802.1D-2004 now incorporates RSTP and obsoletes STP. While STP can take 30 to 50 seconds to respond to a topology change, RSTP is typically able to respond to changes within a second.

RSTP bridge port roles:

 Root - A forwarding port that is the best port from Nonroot-bridge to

Rootbridge

 Designated - A forwarding port for every LAN segment  Alternate - An alternate path to the root bridge. This path is different than

using the root port.

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 Backup - A backup/redundant path to a segment where another bridge port

already connects.

 Disabled - Not strictly part of STP, a network administrator can manually

disable a port

Edge Port:

They are attached to a LAN that has no other bridges attached. These edge ports transition directly to the forwarding state. RSTP still continues to monitor the port for BPDUs in case a bridge is connected. RSTP can also be configured to automatically detect edge ports. As soon as the bridge detects a BPDU coming to an edge port, the port becomes a non-edge port.

Forward Delay:

The range is from 4 to 30 seconds. This is the maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding).

Transmission Limit:

This is used to configure the minimum interval between the transmissions of consecutive RSTP BPDUs. This function can only be enabled in RSTP mode. The range is from 1 to 10 seconds.

Hello Time:

Set the time at which the root switch transmits a configuration message. The range is from 1 to 10 seconds.

Bridge priority:

Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will become the root device.

Port Priority:

Set the port priority in the switch. Low numeric value indicates a high priority. A port with lower priority is more likely to be blocked by STP if a network loop is detected. The valid value is from 0 to 240.

Path Cost:

The valid value is from 1 to 200000000. Higher cost paths are more likely to be blocked by STP if a network loop is detected.

BPDU Guard:

This is a per port setting. If the port is enabled in BPDU guard and receive any BPDU, the port will be set to disable to avoid the error environments. User must enable the port by manual.

BPDU Filter:

It is a feature to filter sending or receiving BPDUs on a switch port. If the port receives any BPDUs, the BPDUs will be dropped.

Notice:

If both of the BPDU filter and BPDU guard are enabled, the BPDU filter has the high priority.

Root Guard:

The Root Guard feature forces an interface to become a designated port to prevent surrounding switches from becoming a root switch. In other words, Root Guard provides a way to enforce the root bridge placement in the network. The Root Guard feature prevents a Designated Port from becoming a Root Port. If a port on which the Root Guard feature receives a superior BPDU, it moves the port into a rootinconsistent state (effectively equal to a listening state), thus maintaining the current Root Bridge status. The port can be moved to forwarding state if no superior BPDU received by this port for three hello times.

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Node

Command

Description

enable

show spanning-tree active

This command displays the spanning tree information for only active port(s)

enable

show spanning-tree blockedports

This command displays the spanning tree information for only blocked port(s)

enable

show spanning-tree port detail PORT_ID

This command displays the spanning tree information for the interface port.

enable

show spanning-tree statistics PORT_ID

This command displays the spanning tree information for the interface port.

enable

show spanning-tree summary

This command displays the summary of port states and configurations

enable

clear spanning-tree counters

This command clears spanning-tree statistics for all ports.

enable

clear spanning-tree counters PORT_ID

This command clears spanning-tree statistics for a specific port.

configure

spanning-tree (disable | enable)

This command disables / enables the spanning tree function for the system.

configure

spanning-tree algorithm-timer forward-time TIME max-age TIME hello-time TIME

This command configures the bridge times (forward-delay,maxage,hello-time).

configure

no spanning-tree algorithmtimer

This command configures the default values for forward-time & max-age & hello-time.

configure

spanning-tree forward-time <430>

This command configures the bridge forward delay time (sec).

configure

no spanning-tree forward-time

This command configures the default values for forward-time.

configure

spanning-tree hello-time <1-10>

This command configures the bridge hello time(sec).

Default Settings:

STP/RSTP: disabled. STP/RSTP mode: RSTP. Forward Time: 15 seconds. Hello Time: 2 seconds. Maximum Age: 20 seconds. System Priority: 32768. Transmission Limit: 3 seconds. Per port STP state: enabled. Per port Priority: 128. Per port Edge port: disabled. Per port BPDU filter: disabled. Per port BPDU guard: disabled. Per port BPDU Root guard: disabled. Per port Path Cost: depend on port link speed. Example: Bandwidth -> STP Port Cost Value 10 Mbps -> 100 100 Mbps -> 19 1 Gbps -> 4 10 Gbps -> 2

CLI Configuration

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configure

no spanning-tree hello-time

This command configures the default values for hello-time.

configure

spanning-tree max-age<6-40>

This command configures the bridge message max-age time(sec).

configure

no spanning-tree max-age

This command configures the default values for max-age time.

configure

spanning-tree mode (rstp|stp)

This command configures the spanning mode.

configure

spanning-tree pathcost method (short|long)

This command configures the pathcost method.

configure

spanning-tree priority<0-61440>

This command configures the priority for the system.

configure

no spanning-tree priority

This command configures the default values for the system priority.

interface

spanning-tree (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the STP function for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree bpdufilter (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the bpdufilter function for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree bpduguard (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the bpduguard function for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree rootguard (disable|enable)

This command enables/disables the BPDU Root guard port setting for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree edge-port (disable|enable)

This command enables/disables the edge port setting for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree cost VALUE

This command configures the cost for the specific port.

Cost range: 16-bit based value range 1-65535, 32-bit based value range 1-

200000000.

interface

no spanning-tree cost

This command configures the path cost to default for the specific port.

interface

spanning-tree port-priority <0240>

This command configures the port priority for the specific port.

Default: 128.

interface

no spanning-tree port-priority

This command configures the port priority to default for the specific port.

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

if-range

spanning-tree (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the STP function for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree bpdufilter (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the bpdufilter function for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree bpduguard (disable|enable)

This command configures enables/disables the bpduguard function for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree rootguard (disable|enable)

This command enables/disables the BPDU Root guard port setting for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree edge-port (disable|enable)

This command enables/disables the edge port setting for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree cost VALUE

This command configures the cost for the specific port.

Cost range:

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16-bit based value range 1-65535, 32-bit based value range 1-

200000000.

if-range

no spanning-tree cost

This command configures the path cost to default for the specific port.

if-range

spanning-tree port-priority <0240>

This command configures the port priority for the specific port.

Default: 128.

if-range

no spanning-tree port-priority

This command configures the port priority to default for the specific port.

Parameter

Description

State

Select Enabled to use Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP).

Mode

Select to use either Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP).

Forward Time

Max Age

Any port that age out STP information (provided in the last BPDU) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new root port is selected from among the Switch ports attached to the network. The allowed range is 6 to 40 seconds.

Hello Time

This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch. The allowed range is 1 to 10 seconds.

Priority

Priority is used in determining the root switch, root port and designated port. The switch with the highest priority (lowest numeric value) becomes the STP root switch. If all switches have the same priority, the switch with the lowest MAC address will then become the root switch.

Enter a value from 0~61440. The lower the numeric value you assign, the higher the priority

for this bridge. Priority determines the root bridge, which in turn determines

the Root Hello Time, Root Maximum Age and Root Forwarding Delay.

Pathcost

Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame on to a LAN through that port. It is recommended to assign this value

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > STP > General Settings

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according to the speed of the bridge. The slower the media, the higher the cost.

Parameter

Description

Port

Selects a port that you want to configure.

Active

Enables/Disables the spanning tree function for the specific port.

Path Cost

Configures the path cost for the specific port.

Priority

Configures the priority for the specific port.

Edge Port

Configures the port type for the specific port. Edge or NonEdge.

BPDU Filter

Enables/Disables the BPDU filter function for the specific port.

BPDU Guard

Enables/Disables the BPDU guard function for the specific port.

ROOT Guard

Enables/Disables the BPDU root guard function for the specific port.

Port Status

Active

The state of the STP function.

Role

The port role. Should be one of the Alternated / Designated / Root / Backup / None.

Status

The port’s status. Should be one of the Discarding / Blocking / Listening / Learning / Forwarding / Disabled.

Path Cost

The port’s path cost.

Priority

The port’s priority.

Edge Port

The state of the edge function.

BPDU Filter

The state of the BPDU filter function.

BPDU Guard

The state of the BPDU guard function.

ROOT Guard

The state of the BPDU Root guard function.

Port Parameters

Advanced Settings > STP > Port Parameters

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Parameter

Description

Current Root Status

MAC address

This is the MAC address of the root bridge.

Priority

Root refers to the base of the spanning tree (the root bridge).

This field displays the root bridge’s priority. This Switch may

also be the root bridge.

MAX Age

This is the maximum time (in seconds) the Switch can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure.

Hello Time

This is the time interval (in seconds) at which the root switch transmits a configuration message. The root bridge determines Hello Time, Max Age and Forwarding Delay.

Forward Delay

This is the time (in seconds) the root switch will wait before changing states.

Current Bridge Status

MAC address

This is the MAC address of the current bridge.

Priority

Priority is used in determining the root switch, root port and designated port. The switch with the highest priority (lowest numeric value) becomes the STP root switch. If all switches

have the same priority, the switch with the lowest MAC address will then become the root switch.

Priority determines the root bridge, which in turn determines the Root Hello Time, Root Maximum Age and Root Forwarding Delay.

MAX Age

Hello Time

This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch.

Forward Delay

Path Cost

Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame on to a LAN through that port. It is recommended to assign this value according to the speed of the bridge. The slower the media, the higher the cost.

Root Cost

This is the number of the port on the Switch through which this Switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree.

STP Status

Advanced Settings > STP > STP Status

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Security

IP Source Guard

IP Source Guard is a security feature that restricts IP traffic on untrusted Layer 2 ports by filtering traffic based on the DHCP snooping binding database or manually configured IP source bindings. This feature helps prevent IP spoofing attacks when a host tries to spoof and use the IP address of another host. Any IP traffic coming into the interface with a source IP address other than that assigned (via DHCP or static configuration) will be filtered out on the untrusted Layer 2 ports.

The IP Source Guard feature is enabled in combination with the DHCP snooping feature on untrusted Layer 2 interfaces. It builds and maintains an IP source binding table that is learned by DHCP snooping or manually configured (static IP source bindings). An entry in the IP source binding table contains the IP address and the associated MAC and VLAN numbers. The IP Source Guard is supported on Layer 2 ports only, including access and trunk ports.

The IP Source Guard features include below functions:

1. DHCP Snooping.

2. DHCP Binding table.

3. ARP Inspection.

4. Blacklist Filter. (arp-inspection mac-filter table)

DHCP Snooping DHCP snooping is a DHCP security feature that provides network security by filtering

untrusted DHCP messages and by building and maintaining a DHCP snooping binding database, which is also referred to as a DHCP snooping binding table.

DHCP snooping acts like a firewall between untrusted hosts and DHCP servers. You can use DHCP snooping to differentiate between untrusted interfaces connected to the end user and trusted interfaces connected to the DHCP server or another switch.

The DHCP snooping binding database contains the MAC address, the IP address, the lease time, the binding type, the VLAN number, and the interface information that corresponds to the local untrusted interfaces of a switch.

When a switch receives a packet on an untrusted interface and the interface belongs to a VLAN in which DHCP snooping is enabled, the switch compares the source MAC address and the DHCP client hardware address. If addresses match (the default), the switch forwards the packet. If the addresses do not match, the switch drops the packet.

The switch drops a DHCP packet when one of these situations occurs:

 A packet from a DHCP server, such as a DHCPOFFER, DHCPACK, DHCPNAK, or

DHCPLEASEQUERY packet, is received from the untrusted port.

 A packet is received on an untrusted interface, and the source MAC address

and the DHCP client hardware address do not match any of the current bindings.

Use DHCP snooping to filter unauthorized DHCP packets on the network and to build the binding table dynamically. This can prevent clients from getting IP addresses from unauthorized DHCP servers.

Trusted vs. Untrusted Ports Every port is either a trusted port or an untrusted port for DHCP snooping. This setting

is independent of the trusted/untrusted setting for ARP inspection. You can also specify the maximum number for DHCP packets that each port (trusted or untrusted) can receive each second.

Trusted ports are connected to DHCP servers or other switches. The Switch discards DHCP packets from trusted ports only if the rate at which DHCP packets arrive is too high. The Switch learns dynamic bindings from trusted ports.

Note: The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.

Untrusted ports are connected to subscribers. The Switch discards DHCP packets from untrusted ports in the following situations:

 The packet is a DHCP server packet (for example, OFFER, ACK, or NACK).

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 The source MAC address and source IP address in the packet do not match any of

the current bindings.

 The packet is a RELEASE or DECLINE packet, and the source MAC address and

source port do not match any of the current bindings.

 The rate at which DHCP packets arrive is too high.

DHCP Snooping Database The Switch stores the binding table in volatile memory. If the Switch restarts, it loads

static bindings from permanent memory but loses the dynamic bindings, in which case the devices in the network have to send DHCP requests again.

Configuring DHCP Snooping Follow these steps to configure DHCP snooping on the Switch.

1. Enable DHCP snooping on the Switch.

2. Enable DHCP snooping on each VLAN.

3. Configure trusted and untrusted ports.

4. Configure static bindings.

Note:

The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.

If the port link down, the entries learned by this port in the DHCP snooping binding table will be deleted.

You must enable the global DHCP snooping and DHCP Snooping for vlan first.

The main purposes of the DHCP Snooping are:

1. Create and maintain binding table for ARP Inspection function.

2. Filter the DHCP server’s packets that the DHCP server connects to an untrusted

port.

The DHCP server connected to an un-trusted port will be filtered.

Default Settings

The DHCP snooping on the Switch is disabled. The DHCP snooping is enabled in VLAN(s): None.

Maximum Maximum

Port Trusted Host Count Port Trusted Host Count

----- ---------- --------------- ----- ---------- --------------1 no 32 2 no 32 3 no 32 4 no 32 5 no 32 6 no 32 7 no 32 8 no 32 9 no 32 10 no 32 11 no 32 12 no 32 13 no 32 14 no 32 15 no 32 16 no 32

Notices

 There are a global state and per VLAN states.

When the global state is disabled, the DHCP Snooping on the Switch is disabled even per VLAN states are enabled.

When the global state is enabled, user must enable per VLAN states to enable the DHCP Snooping on the specific VLAN.

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Node

Command

Description

enable

show dhcp-snooping

This command displays the current DHCP snooping configurations.

configure

dhcp-snooping (disable|enable)

This command disables/enables the DHCP snooping on the switch.

configure

dhcp-snooping vlan VLANID

This command enables the DHCP snooping function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

configure

no dhcp-snooping vlan VLANID

This command disables the DHCP snooping function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

configure

dhcp-snooping server IPADDR

This command configures a valid DHCP server.

interface

dhcp-snooping host

This command configures the maximum host count for the specific port.

interface

no dhcp-snooping host

This command configures the maximum host count to default for the specific port.

interface

dhcp-snooping trust

This command configures the trust port for the specific port.

interface

no dhcp-snooping trust

This command configures the untrust port for the specific port.

configure

interface range gigabitethernet1/0/ PORTLISTS

This command enters the interface configure node.

VLAN 1: port 1-10. DHCP Client-1: connect to port 3. DHCP Server: connect to port 1.

Procedures:

1. Default environments: A. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /release B. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /renew

 DHCP Client-1 can get an IP address.

2. Enable the global DHCP Snooping. A. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping B. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /release C. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /renew

 DHCP Client-1 can get an IP address.

3. Enable the global DHCP Snooping and VLAN 1 DHCP Snooping. A. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping B. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping vlan 1 C. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /release D. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /renew

 DHCP Client-1 cannot get an IP address.

CLI Configuration

5. If you configure a static host entry in the DHCP snooping binding table, and then

you want to change the host to DHCP client, the host will not get a new IP from DHCP server, and then you must delete the static host entry first.

; Because the DHCP server connects to a un-trust port.

4. Enable the global DHCP Snooping and VLAN 1 DHCP Snooping. A. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping B. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping vlan 1 C. [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface gi1/0/1 D. [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#dhcp-snooping trust E. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /release F. DHCP Client-1: ipconfig /renew

 DHCP Client-1 can get an IP address.

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if-range

dhcp-snooping host

This command configures the maximum host count for the specific ports.

if-range

no dhcp-snooping host

This command configures the maximum host count to default for the specific ports.

if-range

dhcp-snooping trust

This command configures the trust port for the specific ports.

if-range

no dhcp-snooping trust

This command configures the untrust port for the specific ports.

Parameter

Description

State

Select Enable to use DHCP snooping on the Switch. You still have to enable DHCP snooping on specific VLANs and specify trusted ports.

Note: The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.

Select Disable to not use DHCP snooping.

VLAN State

Select Add and enter the VLAN IDs you want the Switch to enable DHCP snooping on. You can designate multiple VLANs individually by using a comma (,) and by range with a hyphen (-

). Select Delete and enter the VLAN IDs you no longer want the

Switch to use DHCP snooping on.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

DHCP Snooping Status

DHCP Snooping State

This field displays the current status of the DHCP snooping feature, Enabled or Disabled.

Enabled on VLAN

This field displays the VLAN IDs that have DHCP snooping enabled on them. This will display None if no VLANs have been set.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping vlan 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#dhcp-snooping trust

Web Configuration DHCP Snooping

Security > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > DHCP Snooping

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Node

Command

Description

enable

show dhcp-snooping server

This command displays the valid DHCP server IP.

configure

dhcp-snooping server IPADDR

This command configures a valid DHCP server’s IP.

configure

no dhcp-snooping server IPADDR

This command removes a valid DHCP server’s IP.

Parameter

Description

IP Address

This field configures the valid DHCP server’s IP address.

Apply

Click Apply to configure the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Server Screening List

No.

This field displays the index number of the DHCP server entry. Click the number to modify the entry.

IP Address

This field displays the IP address of the DHCP server.

Action

Click Delete to remove a configured DHCP server.

DHCP Server Screening

The Switch supports DHCP Server Screening, a feature that denies access to rogue DHCP servers. That is, when one or more DHCP servers are present on the network and both provide DHCP services to different distinct groups of clients, the valid DHCP server’s packets will be passed to the client.

If you want to enable this feature, you must enable the DHCP Snooping function first. The switch allows users to configure up to three valid DHCP servers.

If no DHCP servers are configured, it means all DHCP server are valid.

CLI Configuration

Port Settings

Security > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > Port Settings

Web Configuration

Security > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > Server Screening

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Parameter

Description

Port

Select a port number to modify its maximum host count.

Trust

Configures the specific port if it is a trust port.

Maximum Host Count

Enter the maximum number of hosts (1-32) that are permitted to simultaneously connect to a port.

Apply

Click Apply to take effect the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Node

Command

Description

enable

show dhcp-snooping binding

This command displays the current DHCP snooping binding table.

configure

dhcp-snooping binding mac MAC_ADDR ip IP_ADDR vlan

VLANID port PORT_NO

This command configures a static host into the DHCP snooping binding table.

configure

no dhcp-snooping binding mac MACADDR

This command removes a static host from the DHCP snooping binding table.

Parameter

Description

MAC Address

Enter the source MAC address in the binding.

IP Address

Enter the IP address assigned to the MAC address in the binding.

VLAN ID

Enter the source VLAN ID in the binding.

Port

Specify the port in the binding.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#dhcp-snooping binding mac 00:11:22:33:44:55 ip

1.1.1.1 vlan 1 port 2

[DEVICE_NAME](config)#no dhcp-snooping binding mac 00:11:22:33:44:55 [DEVICE_NAME]#show dhcp-snooping binding

Web Configuration Static Entry Settings

Binding Table

The DHCP Snooping binding table records the host information learned by DHCP snooping function (dynamic) or set by user (static). The ARP inspection will use this table to forward or drop the ARP packets. If the ARP packets sent by invalid host, they will be dropped. If the Lease time is expired, the entry will be removed from the table.

Static bindings are uniquely identified by the MAC address and VLAN ID. Each MAC address and VLAN ID can only be in one static binding. If you try to create a static binding with the same MAC address and VLAN ID as an existing static binding, the new static binding replaces the original one.

CLI Configuration

Security > IP Source Guard > Binding Table > Static Entry Settings

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Static Binding Table

No.

This field displays a sequential number for each binding. Click it to update an existing entry.

MAC Address

This field displays the source MAC address in the binding.

IP Address

This field displays the IP address assigned to the MAC address in the binding.

Lease (Hour)

This field displays how long the binding is valid.

VLAN

This field displays the source VLAN ID in the binding.

Port

This field displays the port number in the binding.

Type

This field displays how the Switch learned the binding. Static: This binding was learned from information provided

manually by an administrator. Dynamic: This binding was learned by snooping DHCP packets.

Action

Click Delete to remove the specified entry.

Parameter

Description

MAC Address

This field displays the source MAC address in the binding.

IP Address

This field displays the IP address assigned to the MAC address in the binding.

Lease

This field displays how long the binding is valid.

VLAN

This field displays the source VLAN ID in the binding.

Port

This field displays the port number in the binding. If this field is blank, the binding applies to all ports.

Type

This field displays how the Switch learned the binding. Static: This binding was learned from information provided

manually by an administrator.

Dynamic: This binding was learned by snooping DHCP packets.

Binding Table

Security > IP Source Guard > Binding Table > Binding Table

Bindings are used by DHCP snooping and ARP inspection to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized packets in the network. The Switch learns the dynamic bindings by snooping DHCP packets and from information provided manually in the Static Entry Settings screen.

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Node

Command

Description

enable

show arp-inspection

This command displays the current ARP Inspection configurations.

configure

arp-inspection (disable | enable)

This command disables/enables the ARP Inspection function on the switch.

configure

arp-inspection vlan VLANID

This command enables the ARP Inspection function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

ARP Inspection

Dynamic ARP inspection is a security feature which validates ARP packet in a network by performing IP to MAC address binding inspection. Those will be stored in a trusted database (the DHCP snooping database) before forwarding. Dynamic ARP intercepts, logs, and discards ARP packets with invalid IP-to-MAC address bindings. This capability protects the network from certain man-in-the-middle attacks.

Dynamic ARP inspection ensures that only valid ARP requests and responses are relayed. The switch performs these activities:

 Intercepts all ARP requests and responses on untrusted ports.  Verifies that each of these intercepted packets has a valid IP-to-MAC address

binding before it updates the local ARP cache or before it forwards the packet to the appropriate destination.

Trusted and untrusted port

 This setting is independent of the trusted and untrusted setting of the DHCP

snooping.

 The Switch does not discard ARP packets on trusted ports for any reasons.  The Switch discards ARP packets on un-trusted ports if the sender’s information

in the ARP packets does not match any of the current bindings.

 Normally, the trusted ports are the uplink port and the untrusted ports are

connected to subscribers.

Configuration: Users can enable/disable the ARP Inspection on the Switch. Users also can

enable/disable the ARP Inspection on a specific VLAN. If the ARP Inspection on the Switch is disabled, the ARP Inspection is disabled on all VLANs even some of the VLAN ARP Inspection are enabled.

Default Settings

The ARP Inspection on the Switch is disabled. The age time for the MAC filter is 5 minutes. ARP Inspection is enabled in VLAN(s): None.

Port Trusted Port Trusted

----- ---------- ------ --------- 1 no 2 no 3 no 4 no 5 no 6 no 7 no 8 no 9 no 10 no 11 no 12 no 13 no 14 no 15 no 16 no

Notices

There are a global state and per VLAN states.

 When the global state is disabled, the ARP Inspection on the Switch is disabled

even per VLAN states are enabled.

 When the global state is enabled, user must enable per VLAN states to enable

the ARP Inspection on the specific VLAN.

CLI Configuration

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

configure

no arp-inspection vlan VLANID

This command disables the ARP Inspection function on a VLAN or range of VLANs.

interface

arp-inspection trust

This command configures the trust port for the specific port.

interface

no arp-inspection trust

This command configures the untrust port for the specific port.

Parameter

Description

State

Use this to Enable or Disable ARP inspection on the Switch.

VLAN State

Enter the VLAN IDs you want the Switch to enable ARP Inspection for. You can designate multiple VLANs individually by using a comma (,) and by range with a hyphen (-).

Trusted Ports

Select the ports which are trusted and deselect the ports which are untrusted.

The Switch does not discard ARP packets on trusted ports for any reason.

The Switch discards ARP packets on untrusted ports in the following situations:

• The sender’s information in the ARP packet does not match

any of the current bindings.

• The rate at which ARP packets arrive is too high. You can

specify the maximum rate at which ARP packets can arrive on untrusted ports.

Select All

Click this to set all ports to trusted.

Deselect All

Click this to set all ports to untrusted.

Apply

Click Apply to add/modify the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

ARP Inspection Status

ARP Inspection State

This field displays the current status of the ARP Inspection feature, Enabled or Disabled.

Enabled on VLAN

This field displays the VLAN IDs that have ARP Inspection enabled on them. This will display None if no VLANs have been set.

Trusted Ports

This field displays the ports which are trusted. This will display

None if no ports are trusted.

Example:

[DEVICE_NAME]#configure terminal [DEVICE_NAME](config)#arp-inspection enable [DEVICE_NAME](config)#arp-inspection vlan 1 [DEVICE_NAME](config)#interface 1/0/1 [DEVICE_NAME](config-if)#arp-inspection trust

Web Configuration

Security > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > ARP Inspection

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

Node

Command

Description

enable

show arp-inspection mac-filter

This command displays the current ARP Inspection filtered MAC.

configure

arp-inspection macfilter age VALUE

This command configures the age time for the ARP inspection MAC filter entry.

configure

clear arp-inspection mac-filter

This command clears all of entries in the filter table.

configure

no arp-inspection mac-filter mac MACADDR vlan VLANID

This command removes an entry from the ARP inspection MAC filter table.

Parameter

Description

Filter Age Time

This setting has no effect on existing MAC address filters.

Enter how long (1-10080 minutes) the MAC address filter remains in the Switch after the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet. The Switch automatically deletes the MAC address filter afterwards.

Apply

Click Apply to add/modify the settings.

Refresh

Click Refresh to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Filter Table

No.

This field displays a sequential number for each MAC address filter.

MAC Address

This field displays the source MAC address in the MAC address filter.

Filter Table

Dynamic ARP inspections validates the packet by performing IP to MAC address binding inspection stored in a trusted database (the DHCP snooping database) before forwarding the packet. When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet. The switch also periodically deletes entries if the age-time for the entry is expired.

 If the ARP Inspection is enabled and the system detects invalid hosts, the system

will create a filtered entry in the MAC address table.

 When Port link down and ARP Inspection was disabled, Switch will remove the

MAC-filter entries learned by this port.

 When Port link down and ARP Inspection was enabled, Switch will remove the

MAC-filter entries learned by this port.

 The maximum entry of the MAC address filter table is 256.  When MAC address filter table of ARP Inspection is full, the Switch receives

unauthorized ARP packet, and it automatically creates a SYSLOG and drop this ARP packet. The SYSLOG event happens on the first time.

Default Settings:

The mac-filter age time: 5 minutes. (0 – No age) The maximum mac-filter entries: 256.

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Security > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Filter Table

TRENDnet User’s Guide

Industrial Managed Switch Series

VLAN

This field displays the source VLAN ID in the MAC address filter.

Port

This field displays the source port of the discarded ARP packet.

Expiry (min)

This field displays how long (in minutes) the MAC address filter remains in the Switch.

Action

Click Delete to remove the record manually.

Total

This field displays the current number of MAC address filters that were created because the Switch identified unauthorized ARP packets.

4. Filter a range of destination MAC address.

Command: destination mac MACADDR MACADDR The second MACADDR is a mask, for example: ffff.ffff.0000

L3 ACL Support:

1. Filter a specific source IP address.

Command: source ip host IPADDR

2. Filter a specific destination IP address.

Command: destination ip host IPADDR

Access Control List (ACL)

L2 Access control list (ACL) is a list of permissions attached to an object. The list

specifies who or what is allowed to access the object and what operations are allowed to be performed on the object.

L2 ACL function allows user to configure a few rules to reject packets from the specific

ingress ports or all ports. These rules will check the packets’ source MAC address and

destination MAC address. If packets match these rules, the system will do the actions “deny”. “deny” means rejecting these packets.

The Action Resolution engine collects the information (action and metering results) from the hit entries: if more than one rule matches, the actions and meter/counters are taken from the policy associated with the matched rule with highest priority.

L2 ACL Support:

1. Filter a specific source MAC address.

Command: source mac host MACADDR

2. Filter a specific destination MAC address.

Command: destination mac host MACADDR

3. Filter a range of source MAC address.

Command: source mac MACADDR MACADDR The second MACADDR is a mask, for example: ffff.ffff.0000

3. Filter a range of source IP address.

Command: source ip IPADDR IPADDR The second IPADDR is a mask, for example: 255.255.0.0

4. Filter a range of destination IP address.

Command: destination ip IPADDR IPADDR

L4 ACL Support:

1. Filter a UDP/TCP source port.

2. Filter a UDP/TCP destination port.

Default Settings:

Maximum profile: 64. Maximum profile name length: 16.

Notices

The ACL name should be a combination of alphanumeric characters.

TRENDnet TI-PG102i User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Products Overview

TI-PG541i

TI-PG102i

TI-G160WS

Products Hardwares and Features

TI-PG541i

TI-PG102i

Non-PoE

TI-G160WS

Switch Installation

DIN-Rail Installation

Install power supply connections

SFP Transceiver/Optical Cable Installation

Basic IP Configuration

Connect additional devices to your switch

Accessing switch management interfaces

Access your switch command line interface

CLI Command Modes

Access your switch web management page

System Information

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Basic Settings

General Settings

Basic Settings > General Settings > System

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > Jumbo Frame

Jumbo Frame

SNTP

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > SNTP

Management Host

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > General Settings > Management Host

MAC Management

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > MAC Management > Static MAC Settings

Age Time Settings

Basic Settings > MAC Management > Age Time Settings

MAC Table

Basic Settings > MAC Management > MAC Table

Port Mirror

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > Port Mirroring

Port Settings

Web Configuration

Basic Settings > Port Settings > General Settings

Information

Basic Settings > Port Settings > Information

Advanced Settings

Bandwidth Control

CLI Configuration

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > QoS

IP DiffServ (DSCP)

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > IP DiffServ (DSCP)

Priority/Queue Mapping

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Priority/Queue Mapping

Schedule Mode

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Schedule

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Rate Limitation > Storm Control

Bandwidth Limitation

CLI Configuration

Web Configuration

Advanced Settings > Bandwidth Control > Rate Limitation > Bandwidth Limitation

IGMP Snooping

IGMP Snooping

CLI Configuration

Advanced Settings > IGMP Snooping > IGMP Snooping > General Settings

Port Settings

Advanced Settings > IGMP Snooping > IGMP Snooping > Port Settings

Multicast Address