TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TL494 Technical data

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

16 15 14 13 12 11 10

1IN+ 1IN−

FEEDBACK

DTC

CT RT

GND

2IN+ 2IN− REF OUTPUT CTRL V

C2 E2 E1

D, DB, N, NS, OR PW PACKAGE

(TOP VIEW)

PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

FEATURES

• Complete PWM Power-Control Circuitry

• Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or

Source Current

• Output Control Selects Single-Ended or

Push-Pull Operation

• Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at

Either Output

• Variable Dead Time Provides Control Over

Total Range

• Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V

Reference Supply With 5% Tolerance

• Circuit Architecture Allows Easy

Synchronization

DESCRIPTION

The TL494 incorporates all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control circuit on a single chip. Designed primarily for power-supply control, this device offers the flexibility to tailor the power-supply control circuitry to a specific application.

The TL494 contains two error amplifiers, an on-chip adjustable oscillator, a dead-time control (DTC) comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-V, 5%-precision regulator, and output-control circuits.

The error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from –0.3 V to V comparator has a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. The on-chip oscillator can be bypassed by terminating RT to the reference output and providing a sawtooth input to CT, or it can drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies.

The uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. The TL494 provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which can be selected through the output-control function. The architecture of this device prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation.

The TL494C is characterized for operation from 0 ° C to 70 ° C. The TL494I is characterized for operation from –40 ° C to 85 ° C.

– 2 V. The dead-time control

TL494

0 ° C to 70 ° C TL494CD TL494CN TL494CNS TL494CDB TL494CPW

–40 ° C to 85 ° C TL494ID TL494IN — — —

(1) The D, DB, NS, and PW packages are available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g., TL494CDR).

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC DIP SMALL OUTLINE

(D) (N) (NS)

PACKAGED DEVICES

(1)

SHRINK SMALL THIN SHRINK

OUTLINE SMALL OUTLINE

(DB) (PW)

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GND

Reference Regulator

Pulse-Steering

Flip-Flop

DTC

PWM

Comparator

−

Error Amplifier 1

≈ 0.1 V

Dead-Time Control

Comparator

Oscillator

OUTPUT CTRL

(see Function Table)

0.7 mA

−

Error Amplifier 2

1IN+

1IN−

2IN+

2IN−

FEEDBACK

REF

6 5

1 2

16 15

11 10

≈ 0.7 V

TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

INPUT TO

OUTPUT CTRL

FUNCTION TABLE

OUTPUT FUNCTION

VI= GND Single-ended or parallel output

VI= V

ref

Normal push-pull operation

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

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PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

Absolute Maximum Ratings

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

Supply voltage Amplifier input voltage V Collector output voltage 41 V Collector output current 250 mA

Package thermal impedance

Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260 ° C

stg

Storage temperature range –65 150 ° C

(1) Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings

only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating

conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. (2) All voltages are with respect to the network ground terminal. (3) Maximum power disipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient

temperatire is PD= (TJ(max) – TA)/ θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJof 150 ° C can affect reliability. (4) The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7.

(2)

(1)

MIN MAX UNIT

D package 73 DB package 82

(3) (4)

N package 67 ° C/W NS package 64 PW package 108

TL494

41 V

+ 0.3 V

Recommended Operating Conditions

OSC

Supply voltage 7 40 V Amplifier input voltage –0.3 V Collector output voltage 40 V Collector output current (each transistor) 200 mA Current into feedback terminal 0.3 mA Oscillator frequency 1 300 kHz Timing capacitor 0.47 10000 nF Timing resistor 1.8 500 k Ω

Operating free-air temperature ° C

MIN MAX UNIT

TL494C 0 70 TL494I –40 85

– 2 V

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 



n1

(xn X)

N  1



TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

Electrical Characteristics

over recommended operating free-air temperature range, V

Reference Section

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS

Output voltage (REF) IO= 1 mA 4.75 5 5.25 V Input regulation V Output regulation IO= 1 mA to 10 mA 1 15 mV Output voltage change with temperature ∆ TA= MIN to MAX 2 10 mV/V Short-circuit output current

(1) For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. (2) All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA= 25 ° C. (3) Duration of short circuit should not exceed one second.

(3)

Oscillator Section

CT= 0.01 µ F, RT= 12 k Ω (see Figure 1 )

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS

Frequency 10 kHz Standard deviation of frequency Frequency change with voltage V Frequency change with temperature

(1) For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. (2) All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA= 25 ° C. (3) Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula:

(3)

(4)

All values of VCC, CT, RT, and TAconstant 100 Hz/kHz

= 7 V to 40 V, TA= 25 ° C 1 Hz/kHz

∆ TA= MIN to MAX 10 Hz/kHz

= 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted)

(1)

= 7 V to 40 V 2 25 mV

REF = 0 V 25 mA

(1)

TL494C, TL494I

MIN TYP

TL494C, TL494I

MIN TYP

(2)

MAX

(2)

MAX

UNIT

(4) Temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor are not taken into account.

Error-Amplifier Section

See Figure 2

–0.3 to

TL494C, TL494I

MIN TYP

– 2

(1)

MAX

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT

Input offset voltage VO(FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 2 10 mV Input offset current VO(FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 25 250 nA Input bias current VO(FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 0.2 1 µ A

Common-mode input voltage range V Open-loop voltage amplification ∆ VO= 3 V, VO= 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL= 2 k Ω 70 95 dB

Unity-gain bandwidth VO= 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL= 2 k Ω 800 kHz Common-mode rejection ratio ∆ VO= 40 V, TA= 25 ° C 65 80 dB Output sink current (FEEDBACK) VID= –15 mV to –5 V, V (FEEDBACK) = 0.7 V 0.3 0.7 mA Output source current (FEEDBACK) VID= 15 mV to 5 V, V (FEEDBACK) = 3.5 V –2 mA

(1) All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA= 25 ° C.

= 7 V to 40 V V

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PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

Electrical Characteristics

over recommended operating free-air temperature range, V

Output Section

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

Collector off-state current V Emitter off-state current V

Collector-emitter saturation voltage V

Output control input current VI= V

(1) All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA= 25 ° C.

Common emitter VE= 0, IC= 200 mA 1.1 1.3 Emitter follower V

= 40 V, V

= VC= 40 V, VE= 0 –100 µ A

O(C1 or C2)

Dead-Time Control Section

See Figure 1

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

Input bias current (DEAD-TIME CTRL) VI= 0 to 5.25 V –2 –10 µ A Maximum duty cycle, each output 45 %

Input threshold voltage (DEAD-TIME CTRL) V

(1) All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA= 25 ° C.

VI(DEAD-TIME CTRL) = 0, CT= 0.01 µ F, RT= 12 k Ω

Zero duty cycle 3 3.3 Maximum duty cycle 0

= 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted)

= 40 V 2 100 µ A

= 15 V, IE= –200 mA 1.5 2.5

ref

(1)

MAX UNIT

3.5 mA

(1)

MAX UNIT

TL494

PWM Comparator Section

See Figure 1

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

Input threshold voltage (FEEDBACK) Zero duty cyle 4 4.5 V Input sink current (FEEDBACK) V (FEEDBACK) = 0.7 V 0.3 0.7 mA

(1) All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA= 25 ° C.

(1)

MAX UNIT

Total Device

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

= 15 V 6 10

Standby supply current mA

Average supply current VI(DEAD-TIME CTRL) = 2 V, See Figure 1 7.5 mA

(1) All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA= 25 ° C.

RT= V All other inputs and outputs open

ref

= 40 V 9 15

(1)

MAX UNIT

Switching Characteristics

TA= 25 ° C

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

Rise time 100 200 ns Fall time 25 100 ns Rise time 100 200 ns Fall time 40 100 ns

Common-emitter configuration, See Figure 3

Emitter-follower configuration, See Figure 4

(1)

MAX UNIT

(1) All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA= 25 ° C.

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Test

Inputs

DTC FEEDBACK

RT CT

GND

50 kΩ

12 kΩ

0.01 µF

REF

OUTPUT CTRL

Output 1

Output 2

150 Ω 2 W

VCC = 15 V

TEST CIRCUIT

1IN+

0 V

Voltage

at C1

Voltage

at C2

Voltage

at CT

DTC

FEEDBACK

0 V

0.7 V 0%

MAX

Threshold Voltage

VOLTAGE WA VEFORMS

Duty Cycle

Error Amplifiers

8 9

4 3

1 2 16 15

1IN−

2IN−

2IN+

TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

Figure 1. Operational Test Circuit and Waveforms

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PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

−

ref

FEEDBACK

Amplifier Under Test

Other Amplifier

Output

Each Output Circuit

68 Ω 2 W

15 V

CL = 15 pF (See Note A)

90%

10%

90%

10%

TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM

NOTE A: CL includes probe and jig capacitance.

Output

Each Output Circuit

68 Ω 2 W

15 V

CL = 15 pF

(See Note A)

90%

10%

90%

10%

TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM

NOTE A: CL includes probe and jig capacitance.

Figure 2. Amplifier Characteristics

TL494

PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

Figure 3. Common-Emitter Configuration

Figure 4. Emitter-Follower Configuration

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Df = 1%

†

100

1 k 4 k 10 k 40 k 100 k 400 k 1 M

f − Oscillator Frequency and Frequency Variation − Hz

OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY AND

FREQUENCY VARIATION

†

TIMING RESISTANCE

400

1 k

4 k

10 k

40 k

100 k

RT − Timing Resistance − Ω

0.1 µF

−2%

−1%

0.01 µF

0.001 µF

VCC = 15 V TA = 25°C

CT = 1 µF

†

Frequency variation (∆f) is the change in oscillator frequency that occurs over the full temperature range.

100

1 10 100 1 M

A − Amplifier V oltage Amplification − dB

f − Frequency − Hz

AMPLIFIER VOLT AGE AMPLIFICATION

FREQUENCY

1 k

VCC = 15 V ∆VO = 3 V TA = 25°C

10 k

100 k

TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS

SLVS074E – JANUARY 1983 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2005

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

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17-Oct-2005

PACKAGING INFORMATION

Orderable Device Status

TL494CD ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS &

TL494CDBR ACTIVE SSOP DB 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494CDBRE4 ACTIVE SSOP DB 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494CDE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS &

TL494CDR ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS &

TL494CDRE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS &

TL494CJ OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI Call TI

TL494CN ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free

TL494CNE4 ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free

TL494CNSR ACTIVE SO NS 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494CNSRG4 ACTIVE SO NS 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494CPW ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 90 Green (RoHS &

TL494CPWG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 90 Green (RoHS &

TL494CPWLE OBSOLETE TSSOP PW 16 TBD Call TI Call TI

TL494CPWR ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494CPWRG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2000 Green (RoHS &

TL494ID ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS &

TL494IDE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS &

TL494IDR ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS &

TL494IDRE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS &

TL494IN ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free

TL494INE4 ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free

TL494MJ OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI Call TI

TL494MJB OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI Call TI

(1)

The marketing status values are defined as follows:

ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in

a new design.

(1)

Package

Type

Package Drawing

Pins Package

Qty

Eco Plan

no Sb/Br)

(RoHS)

(2)

Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp

CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM

CU NIPDAU Level-NC-NC-NC

CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM

CU NIPDAU Level-NC-NC-NC

(3)

Addendum-Page 1

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

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PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2)

Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS) or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check

http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.

TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements

for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)

(3)

MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder

temperature.

Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.

In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.

17-Oct-2005

Addendum-Page 2

MECHANICAL DATA

MSSO002E – JANUARY 1995 – REVISED DECEMBER 2001

DB (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE

28 PINS SHOWN

0,65

2,00 MAX

0,38 0,22

0,05 MIN

0,15

5,60 5,00

8,20 7,40

Seating Plane

0,10

0,25 0,09

0°–ā8°

Gage Plane

0,25

0,95 0,55

PINS **

DIM

A MAX

A MIN

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion not to exceed 0,15. D. Falls within JEDEC MO-150

6,50

5,905,90

2016

7,50

6,90

8,50

10,50

9,907,90

10,50

9,90

12,90

12,30

4040065 /E 12/01

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

MECHANICAL DATA

MTSS001C – JANUARY 1995 – REVISED FEBRUARY 1999

PW (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE

14 PINS SHOWN

0,65

1,20 MAX

0,30 0,19

4,50 4,30

PINS **

Seating Plane

0,15

0,05

DIM

6,60 6,20

0,10

0,15 NOM

0°–8°

2016

Gage Plane

0,25

0,75 0,50

A MAX

A MIN

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion not to exceed 0,15. D. Falls within JEDEC MO-153

3,10

2,90

5,10

4,90

5,10

4,90

6,60

6,40

7,90

7,70

9,80

9,60

4040064/F 01/97

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

IMPORTANT NOTICE

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TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.

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TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TL494 Technical data

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual