Teledyne 200AU User Manual

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INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MODEL 200AU

NITROGEN OXIDES ANALYZER

TELEDYNE INSTRUMENTS

ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION DIVISION

(T-API)

6565 NANCY RIDGE DRIVE

SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-2251

TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190

FAX: 858-657-9816

TEL: 858-657-9800

E-MAIL: api-sales@teledyne.com

WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com

02293

REV. F

07/06/99

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

SAFETY MESSAGES

Your safety and the safety of others is very important. We have provided many important safety messages in this manual. Please read these messages carefully.

A safety message alerts you to potential hazards that could hurt you or others. Each safety message is associated with a safety alert symbol. These symbols are found in the manual and inside the instrument. The definition of these symbols is described below:

GENERAL WARNING/CAUTION: Refer to the instructions for details on the specific danger.

CAUTION: Hot Surface Warning

CAUTION: Electrical Shock Hazard

Technician Symbol: All operations marked with this symbol are to be performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

Electrical Ground: This symbol inside the instrument marks the central safety grounding point for the instrument.

CAUTION

The analyzer should only be used for the purpose

and in the manner described in this manual.

If you use the analyzer in a manner other than that for which

it was intended, unpredictable behavior could ensue with

possible hazardous consequences.

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SAFETY MESSAGES .........................................................................................II

TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................................III

LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... VII

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................ VIII

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL..................................................................... 1-1

2 GETTING STARTED.................................................................................... 2-1

NPACKING

2.1 U

LECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS

2.2 E

NITIAL OPERATION

2.3 I

....................................................................................................................2-1

....................................................................2-1

.........................................................................................................2-6

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS, WARRANTY ........................ 3-1

PECIFICATIONS

3.1 S

3.2 EPA E

3.3 W

ARRANTY

QUIVALENCY DESIGNATION

.............................................................................................................3-1

...................................................................................3-2

....................................................................................................................3-3

4 THE M200AU NOX ANALYZER ................................................................... 4-1

RINCIPLE OF OPERATION

4.1 P

PERATION SUMMARY

4.2 O

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector................................................................4-3

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board.......................................................................................4-3

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software ........................................................................4-4

4.2.4 V/F Board ..............................................................................................................4-4

4.2.5 Front Panel............................................................................................................4-5

4.2.6 Power Supply Module............................................................................................4-7

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System.........................................................................4-7

4.2.8 Ozone Generator...................................................................................................4-7

4.2.9 Molybdenum Converter – Ozone Scrubber ...........................................................4-8

...............................................................................................4-1

....................................................................................................4-3

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES............................................................................. 5-1

NDEX TO FRONT PANEL MENUS

5.1 I

5.1.1 Sample Menu ........................................................................................................5-4

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu .........................................................................................................5-6

......................................................................................5-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

AMPLE MODE

5.2 S

.............................................................................................................5-10

5.2.1 Test Functions .....................................................................................................5-10

5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions............................................................5-13

5.3 SET-UP M

ODE

.............................................................................................................5-16

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG) .........................................................................5-16

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal) ..........................................................................5-16

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS) ...........................................................................5-16

5.3.4 Range Menu........................................................................................................5-19

5.3.5 Password Enable.................................................................................................5-21

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock ...............................................................................................5-22

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode..................................................................................................5-22

5.3.8 Communications Menu........................................................................................5-22

5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS) ......................................................................................5-22

5.3.10 M200AU Operating Modes ................................................................................5-22

TATUS OUTPUT

5.4 S

5.5 RS-232 I

NTERFACE

..........................................................................................................5-23

......................................................................................................5-24

5.5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface..........................................................................5-25

5.5.2 Command Summary............................................................................................5-28

5.5.3 TEST Commands and Messages........................................................................5-32

5.5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages................................................................5-33

5.5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages .........................................................5-34

5.5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages...........................................................5-36

5.5.7 DAS Commands and Message ...........................................................................5-37

5.5.8 Internal Variables.................................................................................................5-39

6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE............................................... 6-1

ACK MOUNT OPTIONS

6.1 R

ERO/SPAN VALVES

6.2 Z

UTOCAL

6.3 A

- S

6.4 4-20 MA, C

6.5 NO

CONVERTER

ETUP ZERO/SPAN VALVES

URRENT LOOP OUTPUT

...................................................................................................6-1

.......................................................................................................6-1

............................................................................6-2

..................................................................................6-4

...........................................................................................................6-4

7 CALIBRATION & ZERO/SPAN CHECKS ................................................... 7-1

ANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CAL WITH ZERO/SPAN GAS IN THE SAMPLE PORT

7.1 M

ANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CALIBRATION WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVES OPTION

7.2 M

UTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CHECK

7.3 A

YNAMIC ZERO/SPAN CALIBRATION

7.4 D

SE OF ZERO/SPAN VALVES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE

7.5 U

7.6 EPA P

ROTOCOL CALIBRATION

......................................................................................7-7

.................................................................................7-7

........................................7-8

........................................................................................7-9

7.6.1 Calibration of Equipment .......................................................................................7-9

7.6.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources .................................................................7-11

7.6.3 Data Recording Device........................................................................................7-12

7.6.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System .....................................................................7-12

..............7-4

...............7-6

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure...........................................................7-16

7.6.6 Moly Converter Efficiency....................................................................................7-23

7.6.7 Calibration Frequency .........................................................................................7-25

7.6.8 Other Quality Assurance Procedures ..................................................................7-25

7.6.9 Summary of Quality Assurance Checks ..............................................................7-27

7.6.10 ZERO and SPAN Checks..................................................................................7-29

7.6.11 Recommended Standards for Establishing Traceability ....................................7-30

7.6.12 Certification Procedures of Working Standards .................................................7-31

ALIBRATION OF INDEPENDENT RANGES OR AUTORANGING

7.7 C

.............................................7-32

7.7.1 Zero Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range ....................................7-32

7.7.2 Span Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range ...................................7-33

ALIBRATION QUALITY

7.8 C

7.9 R

EFERENCES

...............................................................................................................7-35

..................................................................................................7-33

8 MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................... 8-1

AINTENANCE SCHEDULE

8.1 M

EPLACING THE SAMPLE PARTICULATE FILTER

8.2 R

AMPLE PUMP MAINTENANCE

8.3 S

LEANING THE REACTION CELL

8.4 C

EPLACING THE MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER

8.5 R

NEUMATIC LINE INSPECTION

8.6 P

EAK CHECK PROCEDURE

8.7 L

IGHT LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE

8.8 L

ROM REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE

8.9 P

...............................................................................................8-1

.................................................................8-3

..........................................................................................8-5

.......................................................................................8-7

.....................................................................8-9

........................................................................................8-11

.............................................................................................8-15

...................................................................................8-16

................................................................................8-16

9 TROUBLESHOOTING, ADJUSTMENTS .................................................... 9-1

PERATION VERIFICATION

9.1 O

-M200AU D

9.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables ....................................................................9-3

9.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages...........................................................9-8

9.1.3 Fault Diagnosis using DIAGNOSTIC Mode .........................................................9-11

9.1.4 M200AU Internal Variables..................................................................................9-19

9.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output ...............................................................................9-21

9.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure .............................................................................9-23

ERFORMANCE PROBLEMS

9.2 P

............................................................................................9-26

9.2.1 AC Power Check .................................................................................................9-26

9.2.2 Flow Check..........................................................................................................9-27

9.2.3 No Response to Sample Gas ..............................................................................9-27

9.2.4 Negative Output...................................................................................................9-28

9.2.5 Excessive Noise ..................................................................................................9-28

9.2.6 Unstable Span .....................................................................................................9-29

9.2.7 Unstable Zero ......................................................................................................9-30

9.2.8 Inability to Span ...................................................................................................9-30

9.2.9 Inability to Zero ....................................................................................................9-31

IAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES

.........................................9-3

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.10 Non-Linear Response........................................................................................9-31

9.2.11 Slow Response..................................................................................................9-32

9.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration.................................9-32

UBSYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING AND ADJUSTMENTS

9.3 S

9.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard..............................................................................9-32

9.3.2 RS-232 Communications.....................................................................................9-36

9.3.3 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board ...........................................................................9-39

9.3.4 Status/Temp Board..............................................................................................9-45

9.3.5 Power Supply Module..........................................................................................9-47

9.3.6 Ozone Generator.................................................................................................9-52

9.3.7 Flow/Pressure Sensor .........................................................................................9-55

9.3.8 NOx Sensor Module.............................................................................................9-60

9.3.9 Z/S Valves ...........................................................................................................9-64

9.3.10 Pneumatic System.............................................................................................9-65

.......................................................9-32

10 M200AU SPARE PARTS LIST ................................................................ 10-1

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ..................................................A-1

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

LIST OF FIGURES

IGURE

2-1: R 2-2: R 2-3: I 2-4: F 2-5: A 4-1: B 5-1: S 5-2: S 7-1: C 7-2: D 8-1: R 8-2: S 8-3: R 8-4: M 8-5: P 8-6: P 8-7: P 9-1: S 9-2: CPU B

EMOVAL OF SHIPPING SCREWS EAR PANEL

NLET AND EXHAUST VENTING

RONT PANEL SSEMBLY LAYOUT LOCK DIAGRAM AMPLE MENU TREE ETUP MENU TREE

ALIBRATION SETUP IAGRAM OF EPLACING THE PARTICULATE FILTER

AMPLE PUMP ASSEMBLY

EACTION CELL ASSEMBLY

OLYBDENUM CONVERTER ASSEMBLY NEUMATIC DIAGRAM NEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPTION NEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH EXTERNAL CONVERTER OPTION PAN CALIBRATION VOLTAGE

OARD JUMPER SETTINGS

9-3: RS-232 PIN A 9-4: V/F B 9-5: P 9-6: E 9-7: O 9-8: F 9-9: NO 9-10: NO 9-11: PMT C 9-12: H

OARD SETTINGS OWER SUPPLY MODULE LAYOUT LECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

ZONE GENERATOR SUBSYSTEM

LOW/PRESSURE SENSOR

SENSOR MODULE

OOLER SUBSYSTEM

IGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY

HECK FOR CORRECT POWER

& C

..........................2-3

........................................................................................................2-4

...............................................................................2-5

....................................................................................................2-10

............................................................................................2-11

..................................................................................................4-2

............................................................................................5-2

..............................................................................................5-3

............................................................................................7-3

GPT C

ALIBRATION SYSTEM

.............................................................7-18

...................................................................8-4

.....................................................................................8-6

..................................................................................8-8

................................................................8-10

TANDARD CONFIGURATION

- S

.............................................8-12

........................................8-13

.................................8-14

.............................................................................9-25

.........................................................................9-34

SSIGNMENTS

...............................................................................9-38

........................................................................................9-44

.......................................................................9-49

.............................................................................9-50

........................................................................9-54

..................................................................................9-57

.......................................................................................9-58

.....................................................................................9-59

...............................................................................9-61

........................................................................9-63

vii

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

LIST OF TABLES

ABLE

2-1: F 2-1: F 4-1: F 4-2: O 5-1: S 5-2: S 5-3: S 5-3: S 5-4: S 5-5: S 5-6: DAS D 5-7: C

INAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES INAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES (CONTINUED RONT PANEL STATUS ZONE GENERATOR START-UP TIMING AMPLE MENU AMPLE MENU ETUP MENU ETUP MENU (CONTINUED ETUP MENU ETUP MENU

ATA CHANNEL EDITING

ALIBRATE

, S 5-8: M200AU O 5-9: S

TATUS OUTPUT PIN ASSIGNMENTS

5-10: RS-232 P 5-11: RS-232 S 5-12: RS-232 T 5-13: RS-232 C 5-14: RS-232 C 5-15: RS-232 I

NTERFACE COMMAND TYPES

5-16: RS-232 T 5-17: RS-232 W 5-18: RS-232 C 5-19: RS-232 C 5-20: RS-232 C 5-21: RS-232 D 6-1: Z 6-2: E 7-1: T 7-2: M 7-3: E 7-4: M 7-5: M 7-6: M 7-7: E 7-8: Z/S V 7-9: A 7-10: A 7-11: Z 7-12: E

ERO/SPAN VALVE OPERATION XAMPLE OF AUTOCAL SETUP YPES OF ZERO/SPAN CHECK AND CALIBRATION

ANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

NTER EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATIONS PROCEDURE

ANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

NABLING DYNAMIC ZERO/SPAN

ALVES MODES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE

CTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES

CTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE XPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATION PROCEDURE

..................................................................2-12

) .............................................2-13

LED'S.................................................................................4-6

....................................................................4-8

......................................................................................................5-4

......................................................................................................5-5

.........................................................................................................5-6

) ....................................................................................5-7

.........................................................................................................5-8

.........................................................................................................5-9

..............................................................................5-19

ETUP PASSWORDS

PERATING MODES

..........................................................................5-21

..............................................................................5-23

......................................................................5-24

ORT SETUP WITCHING FROM TERMINAL MODE TO COMPUTER MODE

ERMINAL MODE EDITING KEYS

OMMAND SUMMARY OMMAND SUMMARY

RONT PANEL

- F

............................................................................5-29

............................................................................5-30

................................................................5-25

.......................5-27

.............................................................5-27

................................................................5-31

EST MESSAGES

ARNING MESSAGES ALIBRATION COMMANDS ALIBRATION EXAMPLES ALIBRATION MESSAGES IAGNOSTIC COMMAND SUMMARY

..................................................................................5-32

...........................................................................5-33

......................................................................5-34

.......................................................................5-35

......................................................................5-36

.........................................................5-37

..............................................................................6-1

................................................................................6-4

.....................................................7-2

ERO GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT

- Z

..............7-4

..................................7-5

PAN GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT

- S

- Z/S V

ALVES ALVES

..........................................7-6

..........................................7-7

..............7-5

.............................................................................7-8

...........................................7-9

..............................7-10

.................................................7-11

........................................................................7-19

...........................................7-20

viii

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

ABLE

7-13: S 7-14: A 7-15: D 7-16: A 7-17: NIST-SRM'S A

PAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE UTOMATIC CALCULATION OF CONVERTER EFFICIENCY

EFINITION OF LEVEL 1 AND LEVEL

CTIVITY MATRIX FOR DATA QUALITY

VAILABLE FOR TRACEABILITY OF CALIBRATION AND AUDIT GAS STANDARDS

.........................................................................7-20

2 Z

........................................................................................................................7-31

7-18: C 8-1: P 8-2: P 9-1: T 9-1: T 9-1: T 9-1: T 9-2: F 9-2: F 9-3: S 9-4: D 9-4: D 9-4: D 9-4: D 9-5: M 9-6: T 9-6: T 9-7: M 9-8: V/F B 9-9: P 9-10: P 9-11: O 10-1: TELEDYNE API M200AU S 10-1: TELEDYNE API M200AU S

ALIBRATION QUALITY CHECK

REVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

REVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE CALENDAR EST FUNCTIONS EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED RONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES RONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES (CONTINUED UMMARY OF DIAGNOSTIC MODES

IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE

ODEL

200AU V

EST CHANNEL READINGS EST CHANNEL READINGS (CONTINUED

OTHERBOARD JUMPER SETTINGS

OARD SWITCH SETTINGS

OWER SUPPLY MODULE SUBASSEMBLIES

OWER SUPPLY MODULE

ZONE GENERATOR CONTROL CONDITIONS

...................................................................................................9-4

IGNAL

- S

IGNAL

- S

IGNAL

- S

IGNAL

- S

ARIABLES

............................................................................7-34

) ..............................................................................9-5

) ..............................................................................9-6

) ..............................................................................9-7

.......................................................................9-9

........................................................................9-12

I/O...........................................................................9-13

I/O (C I/O (C I/O (C

ONTINUED ONTINUED ONTINUED

...................................................................................9-20

....................................................................................9-21

.......................................................................9-41

.............................................................................9-42

LED O

PERATION

PARE PARTS LIST PARE PARTS LIST (CONTINUED

10-2: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200AU E A-1: E

LECTRICAL SCHEMATICS

..................................................................................... A-1

........................................7-24

ERO AND SPAN CHECKS

............................7-26

..................................................................7-28

................................................................8-1

...............................................................8-2

).................................................9-10

) ......................................................9-14

) ......................................................9-15

) ......................................................9-16

) ...............................................................9-22

............................................................9-48

.........................................................9-51

........................................................9-53

...................................................10-1

) ..............................10-2

XPENDABLE KIT

...........................................10-3

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

The Model 200AU has been designed to provide serviceability, reliability and ease of operation. The M200AU’s microprocessor continually checks operating parameters such as temperature, flow, and critical voltages. The instrument’s modular design uses captive screws to facilitate repair and ease of access. If you encounter any difficulty refer to Section 9 General Troubleshooting Hints.

We recognize that the need for information in this manual changes as time passes. When the instrument first arrives, it is necessary to get it up and running quickly and verify its correct operation. As time passes, more detailed information is often required on special configurations, calibration alternatives and other operational details. Finally there is the need for periodic maintenance and to quickly troubleshoot problems to assure maximum reliability and data integrity.

To address these needs, we have created three indexes to the information inside. They are:

Table of Contents:

Outlines the contents of the manual in the order the information is presented. This is a good overview of the topics covered in the manual. There is also a list of Tables and a list of Figures.

Index to M200AU Front Panel Menus:

The Menu Index (Figure 5-1, Figure 5-2, Table 5-1 and Table 5-2) briefly describes the front panel menus and refers you to other sections of the manual that have a detailed explanation of each menu selection.

Troubleshooting Section 9:

The Troubleshooting Section, outlined in the Table of Contents, allows you to diagnose and repair the instrument based on variables in the TEST menu, the results of DIAGNOSTIC tests, and performance faults such as excessive noise or drift. The troubleshooting section also explains the operation, adjustment, diagnosis and testing of each instrument subsystem.

If you are unpacking the instrument for the first time, please refer to Getting Started in Section 2.

1-1

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

1-2

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

2 GETTING STARTED

2.1 Unpacking

1. Verify that there is no apparent shipping damage. If damage has occurred please advise shipper first, then Teledyne API.

CAUTION

To avoid personal injury, always use two persons to

lift and carry the Model 200AU.

2. Before operation, it is necessary to remove the shipping hold-down screws. Remove the instrument cover, then refer to Figure 2-1 for screw location.

3. Also check for internal shipping damage, and generally inspect the interior of the instrument to make sure all circuit boards and other components are in good shape.

4. Please check the voltage and frequency label on the rear panel of the instrument for compatibility with the local power before plugging in the M200AU.

2.2 Electrical and Pneumatic Connections

Refer to Figure 2-2 to locate the rear panel electrical and pneumatic connections.

1. Attach the pump to the Exhaust Out port on the instrument rear panel.

2. If you are connecting to a calibrator, attach a vented sample inlet line to the sample inlet port. The pressure of the sample gas at the inlet port should be at ambient pressure. The exhaust from the pump should be vented to atmospheric pressure. See Figure 2-3 for inlet and exhaust line venting recommendations during calibration.

3. If desired, attach the analog output connections to a strip chart recorder and/or datalogger. Refer to Figure 9-4 for the jumper settings for the desired analog output voltage range. Factory default setting is 0-5VDC.

4. Connect the power cord to the correct voltage line, then turn to Section 2.3 Initial Operation.

2-1

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

WARNING

Analyzer Exhaust –Sample Pump

For brief periods after power-up, analyzer

exhaust may contain ozone.

Make sure pump exhaust is routed to well ventilated

area at atmospheric pressure.

WARNING

Lethal voltages present inside case.

Do not operate with cover off during normal operation.

Before operation check for correct input voltage and frequency for

both the analyzer and the sample pump.

Do not operate without proper chassis grounding.

Do not defeat the ground wire on power plug.

Turn off analyzer power before disconnecting

electrical subassemblies.

2-2

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-1: Removal of Shipping Screws & Check for Correct Power

2-3

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-2: Rear Panel

2-4

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-3: Inlet and Exhaust Venting

2-5

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

2.3 Initial Operation

1. After confirming proper supply voltage, turn on the instrument power.

2. The display should immediately light, displaying the instrument type (M200AU) and the computer's memory configuration. If you are unfamiliar with the M200AU, we recommend that you read the overview Section 4 before proceeding. A diagram of the software menu trees is in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2.

3. The M200AU requires about 30 minutes for all internal components to come up to temperature. During this time the ozone generator power is OFF until the membrane dryer has time to purge itself, therefore there will be no response from the instrument, even if span gas is coming in the sample port. During this time temperatures and other conditions are out of specification. Because many warning conditions could be displayed the software suppresses warning conditions for 30 minutes after power up. After 30 minutes, warning messages will be displayed until the respective warning conditions are within specifications. Use the CLR key on the front panel to clear warning messages.

4. While waiting for instrument temperatures to come up, you can check for correct operation by using some of the M200AU's diagnostic and test features.

5. Examine the TEST functions by comparing the values listed in Table 2-1 to those in the display. Remember that as the instrument warms up the values may not have reached their final values yet. If you would like to know more about the meaning and utility of each TEST function, refer to Table 9-1. Also, now is a good time to verify that the instrument was shipped with the options you ordered. Table 2-1 also contains the list of options. Section 6 covers setting up the options.

6. When the instrument is warmed up, re-check the TEST functions against Table 2-1. All of the readings should compare closely with those in the Table. If they do not, see Section

9.1.1. The next task is to calibrate the analyzer. There are several ways to do a calibration, they are summarized in Table 7-1. For instruments not equipped with the external converter option, we recommend calibration with zero air and span gas coming in through the sample port. The procedure is:

2-6

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 1 - Enter the expected NOx and NO span gas concentrations:

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL-CONC-NOX

This key sequence causes the M200AU to prompt for the expected NO

concentration. Enter the NOx span

concentration value by pressing the key under each digit until the expected value is set.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected NOx span value. This value will be

used in the internal formulas to compute subsequent NO

concentration values.

3. Press CAL-CONC-NO

In the same CAL-CONC sub menu press the NO button and enter the expected NO span value, then ENTR. As before this value will be used in the internal formulas to compute the subsequent NO concentration values.

4. Press EXIT-EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

5. Press SETUP-RNGEMODE-SING-ENTR

6. Press SETUP-RNGE-SET

If necessary, you may want to change ranges. Normally the instrument is shipped in single range mode set at 500 ppb. We recommend doing the initial checkout on the 500 ppb range.

After SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter 500 and press ENTR. The instrument will now be in the 500 ppb range.

7. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

2-7

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 2 - Calibrate the instrument:

Zero/Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Input Zero gas Allow Zero gas to enter the sample port on the rear of the instrument.

2. Press CAL The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. When the CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

3. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value. If you wait less than 10 minutes the final zero value may drift.

4. Press ZERO The ZERO button will be displayed.

5. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and zeroes the instrument.

6. Input Span Gas Switch gas streams to span gas.

7. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the span value. If you wait less than 10 minutes the final span value may drift.

8. Press SPAN The SPAN button should be displayed. If it is not, check the Troubleshooting Section 9.2.8 for instructions on how to proceed. In certain circumstances at low span gas concentrations (<100ppb), both the ZERO and SPAN buttons will appear.

9. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations so that the concentration displayed is the same as the expected span concentration you entered above, thus spanning the instrument.

10. Press EXIT Pressing EXIT returns the instrument to SAMPLE mode.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 3 - Review the quality of the calibration:

Calibration Quality Check Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Scroll the TEST

function menu until the NO

SLOPE is

displayed.

2. Scroll the TEST

function menu until the NO SLOPE is displayed.

The SLOPE value for NO not in this range, check Section 7.8 or 9. If the SLOPE value is in the acceptable range, the instrument will perform optimally.

The SLOPE value for NO should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is not in this range, check Section 7.8 or 9. If the SLOPE is in the acceptable range, the instrument will perform optimally.

should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

NOTE:

slopes should be equal within ± 0.1.

4. Scroll the TEST

function menu until the NO

OFFSET is

displayed.

The NO and NO

The M200AU will display the OFFSET parameter for the NO equation. This number should be near zero. A value of 0.0 mV –10 +150 mV indicates calibration in the optimal range. If the OFFSET value is outside this range, check Section 7 or 9 for procedures to correct the OFFSET value to near zero.

5. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

The instrument will now display the NO OFFSET value. It should also have a value near zero (0.0 mV –10 +150 mV).

the NO OFFSET is displayed.

Step 4 - The M200AU is now ready to measure sample gas.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-4: Front Panel

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-5: Assembly Layout

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values

Test Values

Observed Value

Units Nominal Range Reference Section

RANGE ppb 5-2000 5.3.4

STABILITY ppb 0.001-2000 9.1.1, 9.2.5,

Table 9-1

SAMP FLW cc/min 1000 ± 100 9.3.7, Table 9-1

OZONE FL cc/min 80 ± 15 9.3.6, 9.3.7

PMT mV 0-5000 9.3.8.1, Table 9-1

PREREACT mV 0-1000 Table 9-1

HVPS V 450 - 900 constant 9.3.8.5

DCPS mV 2500 ± 200 9.3.5, 9.3.4

RCELL TEMP

BOX TEMP

PMT TEMP

MOLY TEMP

C 40 ± 1 9.3.8.2

C 8-48 9.3.4.1

C -5 ± 1 9.3.8.4

C 315 ± 5 9.3.4.1

RCEL PRES IN-Hg-A 1 - 4 constant 9.3.7

SAMP PRES IN-Hg-A 25 - 30 constant 9.3.7

Electric Test & Optic Test

Electric Test

PMT Volts mV 2000 ± 500 9.1.3.2

NO Conc PPB 1000 ± 250 9.1.3.2

NOx Conc PPB 1000 ± 250 9.1.3.2

Optic Test

PMT Volts mV 2000 ± 1000 9.1.3.3

NO Conc PPB 1000 ± 500 9.1.3.3

NOx Conc PPB 1000 ± 500 9.1.3.3

(table continued)

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values (Continued)

Parameter

NO Span Conc PPB 1 - 2000 Table 7-3

NOx Span Conc PPB 1 - 2000 Table 7-3

NO Slope -

NOx Slope -

NO Offset mV -10 to +150 Table 7-18

NOx Offset mV -10 to +150 Table 7-18

Moly Efficiency % 0.96 - 1.02 7.6.6, 5.2.2.6

Stability at Zero PPB 0.001 - 2000 Table 9-1

Stability at Span PPB < 1 @ 400 ppb Table 9-1

Sample Flow cc/min 1000 ± 100 9.3.7, Figure 9-8

Ozone Flow cc/min 80 ± 15 9.3.7, Figure 9-8

Factory Installed Options Option Installed

Power Voltage/Frequency

Observed Value

Units Nominal Range Reference Section

1.0 ± 0.3

Measured Flows

Table 7-18

Rack Mount, w/ Slides

Rack Mount, w/ Ears Only

Rack Mount, External Pump w/ Slides

Rack Mount, External Pump w/o Slides

Stainless Zero/Span Valves

Current Loop - NOx Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - NO Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - NO2 Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - TST Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

PROM # Serial # Date Technician

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS,

WARRANTY

3.1 Specifications

Ranges In 1ppb increments from 5ppb to 2000ppb independent ranges or autoranging Noise at Zero Noise at Span Lower Detectable Limit Zero Drift

Span Drift Lag Time 20 sec Rise Time Fall Time Sample Flow Rate 1000 cc/min. ± 10% Linearity Precision 0.5% of reading above 50 ppb Hydrocarbon Interference Propylene rejection ratio > 20,000:1

Temperature Range 20-30

Temp Coefficient < 0.1% per Humidity 0-95% RH non-condensing Voltage Coefficient < 0.1% per V Dimensions HxWxD 7" H x 17" W x 23.6" D (18cm x 43cm x 61cm) Weight, Analyzer 43 lbs (20 kg) Weight, Ext Pump Pack 21 lbs (9.5 kg) Power, Analyzer Power, Analyzer Power, Ext Pump 110V~ 60 Hz, 220V~ 50 Hz, 240V~ 50Hz, 150 watts Power, Ext Pump Environmental

Recorder Output 100 mV, 1, 5, 10V, isolated or non-isolated current loop Analog Resolution 1 part in 1024 of selected voltage or current range Status Option 12 Status Outputs from opto-isolator Measurement Units ppb, ug/m

<25 ppt RMS

<0.25% RMS of reading above 50 ppb

<0.1 ppb / 24 hours

<0.5% FS or 50 ppt RMS whichever is greater / 7 days

95% in <50 sec6

50 ppt RMS

<0.2 ppb / 7 days

1% of full scale or ± 0.1 ppb whichever is greater

Ethylene rejection ratio > 40,000:1

C within drift and noise specifications

C safe operating range

5-35

230V~ 50 Hz, 2.5A

230V~ 50 Hz, 2.2A

Installation Category (Over-voltage Category) II

100V~ 50/60 Hz, 120V~ 60 Hz, 230V~ 50 Hz, 2.5A, 125 watts

Pollution Degree 2

1. As defined by USEPA.

2. At constant temperature and voltage.

3. With adaptive filter, > 20 ppb change.

4. Electrical rating for CE Mark compliance.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3.2 EPA Equivalency Designation

Teledyne Instruments Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Division, Model 200AU High Sensitivity Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer is designated as Reference Method Number RFNA-1194099 as defined in 40 CFR Part 53, when operated under the following conditions:

1. Range: Any range from 50 parts per billion (ppb) to 1 ppm.

2. Ambient temperature range of 20 to 30oC.

3. Line voltage range of 105-125 VAC, 60Hz; 220-240 VAC, 50Hz.

4. With 5-micron TFE filter element installed in the internal filter assembly.

5. Sample flow of 1000 ± 100 cc/min.

6. Vacuum pump capable of 6"Hg Abs pressure @ 2 slpm or better.

7. Software settings:

A. Dynamic span OFF

B. Dynamic zero OFF

C. Cal-on-NO2 OFF

D. Dilution factor OFF

E. AutoCal ON or OFF

F. Independent range ON or OFF

G. Autorange ON or OFF

H. Temp/Pres compensation ON

I. Converter Efficency 0.96 to 1.02

Under the designation, the Analyzer may be operated with or without the following options:

1. Rack mount with slides.

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only.

3. Rack mount for external pump w/o tray.

4. Stainless steel zero/span valves.

5. 4-20mA, isolated outputs.

6. Status outputs.

7. RS-232 output.

8. 1 micron sample filter.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3.3 Warranty

WARRANTY POLICY

Prior to shipment, Teledyne API equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested. Should equipment failure occur, Teledyne API assures its customers that prompt service and support will be available.

COVERAGE

After the warranty period and throughout the equipment lifetime, Teledyne API stands ready to provide on-site or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in the industry. All maintenance and the first level of field troubleshooting is to be performed by the customer.

NON-TELEDYNE API MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT

Equipment provided but not manufactured by Teledyne API is warranted and will be repaired to the extent and according to the current terms and conditions of the respective equipment manufacturers warranty.

GENERAL

TELEDYNE API warrants each Product manufactured by Teledyne API to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one year from the date of delivery. All replacement parts and repairs are warranted for 90 days after the purchase.

If a Product fails to conform to its specifications within the warranty period, Teledyne API shall correct such defect by, in Teledyne API's discretion, repairing or replacing such defective Product or refunding the purchase price of such Product.

The warranties set forth in this section shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Product: (i) that has been altered or subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or (ii) that has been used in any manner other than in accordance with the instruction provided by Teledyne API or (iii) not properly maintained.

THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION AND THE REMEDIES THEREFORE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER WARRANTY OF QUALITY, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THE REMEDIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION ARE THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY CONTAINED HEREIN. TELEDYNE API SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OF TELEDYNE API'S PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR OTHERWISE.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

All units or components returned to Teledyne API should be properly packed for handling and returned freight prepaid to the nearest designated Service Center. After the repair, the equipment will be returned, freight prepaid.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4 THE M200AU NOX ANALYZER

4.1 Principle of Operation

The Teledyne API Model 200AU Analyzer is designed to measure the concentration of nitric oxide [NO], total oxides of nitrogen [NOx] and, by calculation, nitrogen dioxide [NO2].

The instrument measures the light intensity of the chemiluminescent gas phase reaction of nitric oxide [NO] and ozone [O3] as follows:

O*NOONO

223

+→+

hvNO*NO

+→

The reaction of NO with ozone results in electronically excited NO2 molecules as shown in the first equation above. The excited NO2 molecules release their excess energy by emitting a photon and dropping to a lower energy level as shown in the second equation. It has been shown that the light intensity produced is directly proportional to the [NO] concentration present.

The Analyzer samples the gas stream and measures the [NO] concentration by digitizing the signal from the Analyzer's photomultiplier tube (PMT). A valve then routes the sample stream through a converter containing heated molybdenum to reduce any NOx present to NO by the following reaction:

315o C

MoONO3MoNO3

+→+

The Analyzer now measures the total NOx concentration. The [NOx] and [NO] values are subtracted from each other by the built-in computer, yielding the [NO2] concentration. In the third measurement phase, the instrument measures sample gas which has been mixed with ozone outside of the reaction cell. This Pre-Reactor allows the measurement of any hydrocarbon interferents present in the sample gas stream. The three results [NO], [NOx], and [NO2] are then further processed and stored by the computer yielding several instantaneous and long term averages of all three components.

The software uses an adaptive filter to accommodate rapid changes in concentration. The algorithm monitors the rate of change in concentration for both the NO and NOx channels. When a change in concentration is detected, the software changes the sample filters to rapidly respond to the change. The filters are adjusted to minimize the errors introduced by the time delay between the NOx and NO channel measurements; this assures accurate NO2 measurements. When the rate of change decreases, the filters are lengthened to provide better signal/noise ratio. The parameters used to operate the adaptive filter have been tuned to match the electrical and pneumatic characteristics of the M200AU.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 4-1: Block Diagram

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2 Operation Summary

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector

The sensor module (Figure 9-9) is where light from the chemilumenescent reaction is generated and detected. It is the most complicated and critical sub-assembly in the entire analyzer. It consists of the following assemblies and functions:

1. The reaction cell and flow control module

2. Reaction cell heater/thermistor

3. PMT and high voltage power supply

4. PMT cooler/cold block/heatsink/fan

5. Preamp assembly:

A. Preamp range control hardware

B. HVPS control

C. PMT cooler temp control

D. Electric test electronics

E. Optic test electronics

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board

The sensor board consists of 2 pressure sensors and a flow sensor. One pressure sensor measures the pressure in the reaction cell. The reaction cell is maintained at about 0.1 atmospheric pressure. The second pressure sensor measures the pressure just upstream of the reaction cell, which is near ambient pressure. From these two pressures the sample flow rate can be computed and is displayed as sample flow in the TEST menu. Finally, a solid state flow meter measures the ozone flow using a resistive bridge. Likewise, it is displayed as a TEST function.

The M200AU displays all pressures in inches of mercury-absolute (in-Hg-A). Absolute pressure is the reading referenced to a vacuum or zero absolute pressure. This method was chosen so that ambiguities of pressure relative to ambient pressure can be avoided.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

NOTE

On vacuum vs absolute pressure:

Many vacuum gauges read relative to ambient pressure, therefore

a reading of 25" of mercury (Hg) at sea level (which would give an

absolute pressure of about 5" Hg in the reaction cell) would read

only 20" Hg at high altitude sites. Therefore in this manual the vacuum

specification of 5" Hg pressure is given as an absolute pressure

- 5"Hg-A - reference against zero absolute pressure (a perfect vacuum) thus removing ambiguities for high altitude sites.

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software

CPU Board

The M200AU Analyzer is operated by an V40 series micro computer. The computer's multitasking operating system allows it to do instrument control, monitor test points, provide analog output and provide a user interface via the display, keyboard and RS-232 port. These operations appear to be happening simultaneously but are actually done sequentially based on a priority queuing system maintained by the operating system. The jobs are queued for execution only when needed, therefore the system is very efficient with computer resources.

The M200AU is a true computer based instrument. The microprocessor does most of the instrument control functions such as temperature control, valve switching. Data collection and processing are done entirely in the CPU with the final concentration values being sent to a D/A converter to produce the instrument analog output.

The computer memory is divided into 3 sections: ROM memory contains the multi-tasking operating system code plus the instructions that run the instrument. The RAM memory is used to hold temporary variables, current concentration data and data acquisition system data. The EEPROM memory contains the instrument set-up variables such as range and instrument ID number. The EEPROM data is non-volatile so the instrument can lose power and the current setup information is preserved.

4.2.4 V/F Board

The V/F board is multifunctional, consisting of A/D input channels, digital I/O channels, and analog output channels. Communication with the computer is via a STD bus interface. The computer receives all of the instrument data and provides all control functions through the V/F board.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2.5 Front Panel

The front panel of the M200AU is shown in Figure 2-4. The front panel consists of a 2 line display and keyboard, 3 status LED's and power switch. Communication with the display, keyboard, and status LED's is done via the computer's on-board parallel port. The M200AU was designed as a computer controlled instrument, therefore all major operations can be controlled from the front panel display and keyboard.

The display consists of 2 lines of 40 characters each. The top line is divided into 3 fields, and displays information. The first field is the mode field. A list of operating modes is given in Table 5-8.

The center field displays TEST values. The TEST functions allow you to quickly access many important internal operating parameters of the M200AU. This provides a quick check on the internal health of the instrument. The right hand field shows current concentration values of NO, NOx, and NO2. The display scrolls between the 3 values every 4 seconds.

4.2.5.1 Keyboard

The second line of the display contains eight fields. Each field defines the key immediately below it. By redefining the keys dynamically it is possible to simplify the instrument electronics and user interface.

When entering data in the keyboard, if the entered value is not accepted, the M200AU will "beep" to notify the user that the value keyed in was not accepted. The original value remains unchanged.

4.2.5.2 Status LED's

At the right of the display there are 3 status LED's. They can be in three states, OFF, ON, and Blinking. The meanings of the LED's are given in Table 4-1.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 4-1: Front Panel Status LED's

LED State Meaning

Green On

Off Blinking

Yellow Off

On Blinking

Red Off

Blinking

(1) This occurs during Calibration, DAS holdoff, power-up holdoff, and when in Diagnostic mode.

Monitoring normally, taking DAS data NOT monitoring, DAS disabled Monitoring, DAS in HOLDOFF mode (1)

Auto cal. disabled Auto/Dynamic cal. enabled Calibrating

No warnings exist Warnings exist

4.2.5.3 Power Switch

The power switch has two functions. The rocker switch controls overall power to the instrument, in addition it includes a circuit breaker. If attempts to power up the M200AU result in a circuit breaker trip, the switch automatically returns to the off position, and the instrument will not power up.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2.6 Power Supply Module

The Power supply module supplies AC and DC power to the rest of the instrument. It consists of a 4 output linear DC power supply and a 15 volt switching supply. In addition, it contains the switching circuitry to drive the DC operated valves and several switched AC loads to operate the Rx cell heater, the Moly heater, and the ozone generator.

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System

A standard M200AU comes with 2 valves. The NO/NOx valve switches sample from either the sample inlet port or from the moly converter into the reaction cell. Each NO/NOx cycle, the Prereactor valve re-routes sample gas into the Pre-reactor volume which allows time for the NOOzone reaction to complete. The pneumatic timing of the Pre-reactor is set so that any hydrocarbon interferences are measured and eliminated from the signal.

The M200AU is equipped with a high performance pump, capable of producing a reaction cell pressure of less than 4” Hg-A. See Figure 2-3 for hook-up information. A catalytic ozone scrubber protects the pump from the corrosive effects of ozone. See Section 4.2.8.

4.2.8 Ozone Generator

Because of the instability of ozone, it is necessary to generate this gas inside the analyzer. The ozone generation module consists of a high frequency switching AC supply and pulse transformer connected to a silent discharge tube. Air is supplied to the generator from a permeation type air drier. A complete description of its function and service requirements can be found in Section 9.3.6.

Although there are dangerous high voltages generated in the ozone generator, they are isolated from the user by sealing the system in a single potted assembly. The dry air supply for the ozone generator uses a membrane drier to supply air with a dew point of 0o C or less. The exhaust side of the membrane is connected to the vacuum manifold at the rear of the instrument.

Normal room air contains enough water vapor to damage the generator and components downstream. Because of this, the ozone generator may not turn on immediately at power up.

A heated catalytic ozone scrubber, located in the molybdenum converter assembly removes excess ozone from the instrument exhaust. The delay is built into the instrument to allow the dryer to start operating and purge the system with dry air. Table 4-2 details the conditions for turning on the ozone generator.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 4-2: Ozone Generator Start-up Timing

Time Since Last Power-up

< 1 hour ON at power-up Gen ON immediately after power-up.

> 1 hour OFF at power-up Wait 30 min, then turn gen ON.

Ozone Gen State Program Action

4.2.9 Molybdenum Converter – Ozone Scrubber

The molybdenum converter is a stainless steel cartridge containing molybdenum chips heated to 315° C. The converter's function is to reduce NOx to nitric oxide NO. The temperature control for this module is done by the Switch Card in the Power Supply Module using commands generated by the CPU. The temperature is measured by a type J thermocouple and is conditioned on the Status/Temp board. The analog voltage representing the Moly temperature is read by the V/F board and sent to the CPU where signals are generated for temperature control. The digitized voltage is translated to degrees for the TEST function on the front panel and for warnings.

The molybdenum converter assembly also contains a catalytic ozone scrubber that removes excess ozone from the instrument exhaust.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES

5.1 Index To Front Panel Menus

The M200AU has 2 main operating modes, namely the SAMPLE and SETUP modes. The instrument is operating in the SAMPLE mode when it is measuring gas. The SETUP mode is used to create or change operating parameters such as range. Also in SETUP mode the instrument has extensive fault diagnosis tools. A list of M200AU operating modes is given in Table 5-8.

The next several pages contain two different styles of indexes that will allow you to navigate the M200AU software menus. The first two pages show a "tree" menu structure to let you see at a glance where each software feature is located in the menu. The second menu contains a brief description of each key mnemonic and a reference to the section of the manual that describes its purpose and function in detail.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 5-1: Sample Menu Tree

5-2

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 5-2: Setup Menu Tree

5-3

Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.1.1 Sample Menu

Table 5-1: Sample Menu

Menu Level

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

TEST TST>

CAL Zero/Span calibration w/ gas

CALZ Zero calibration w/ zero gas

CALS Span calibration w/ span gas

ZERO Press ZERO then ENTR will

SPAN Press SPAN then ENTR will

CONC Expected NO/NOx span

NOX

Test functions 5.2.1, Table 9-1

through sample port

from zero valve option

from span valve option

zero analyzer

span analyzer

concentrations and Moly conv. efficiency setup

Enter expected NOx span

CONC

Enter expected NO span

CONC

concentration

Reference Section

5.2.2.1, 7.1

5.2.2.2, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.3, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.2, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.3, 7.2, 7.3

7.1

5.2.2, Table 7-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-2: Sample Menu

Menu Level

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

CONV Sub-menu for converter

efficiency setup and verification

NO2 Expected NO2 concentration for

converter efficiency calculation

CAL Automatic converter efficiency

calibration and entry

SET Set the converter efficiency

manually

MSG Displays warning messages 9.1.2

CLR Clears warning messages 9.1.2

SETUP The SETUP Menu - See next

table

Reference Section

5.2.2.6, 7.6.6

Table 5-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu

Table 5-3: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #1

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

CFG CFG is primarily used for

showing special configuration options and factory special software

PREV,

NEXT, LIST

AUTOCAL Automatic span check or

SEQUENCE Selects Sequence 5.3.2, 6.4

PREV-

MODE Selects mode of calibration

SET For a given Sequence and

DAS Data Acquisition System

(table continued)

PREV, NEXT can be used to

scroll through the configuration list. LIST automatically scrolls the list

calibration

Scrolls display to select

calibration sequence 1, 2, or 3

(zero, span, zero-span) plus disable

Mode, sets timing and calibration attributes

(DAS) - keeps 1 to 1500 minute averages of data

Reference Section

5.3.1

5.3.2, 6.4

5.3.3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-3: Setup Menu (Continued)

Setup Menu #1

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

VIEW Select which DAS data

collector to view

PREV-

EDIT Allows editing of the several

UP Displays the DAS data buffer

UP10 Move UP 10 averages in the

DOWN Move down 1 average in the

DOWN10 Move DOWN 10 averages in

PRNT Prints the setup parameters of

Scroll through data collectors

CONC, PNUMTC, CAL DAT, STABILITY

attributes of a data collection channel.

- Move UP 1 average in the DAS data buffer

DAS data buffer

the DAS data buffer

a data collector to the RS-232 port

Reference Section

5.3.3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-4: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #2

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

RANGE Range control menu 5.3.4

MODE Range mode select - Single,

Autorange, Independent, Remote

SET Sets range if mode is Single

range

NO Sets NO concentration range if

indep ranges enabled

NOx Sets NOx concentration range if

indep ranges enabled

NO2 Sets NO2 concentration range if

indep ranges enabled

LO Sets low range if Autorange

enabled

HI Sets high range if Autorange

enabled

UNITS Unit selection menu 5.3.4.5

PPB, UGM Select units that instrument uses 5.3.4.5

DIL Enter dilution factor if

connected to stack dilution probe

PASS Password enable/disable menu 5.3.5

ON-OFF Enable/disable password

checking

CLOCK TIME Adjusts time on the internal

time of day clock

DATE Adjusts date on the internal

time of day clock

MORE Continue menus on next level

down

COMM RS-232 communications

control menu

BAUD Sets the BAUD rate to 300 -

19,200

ID Sets the instrument ID -

(included on all RS-232 messages)

Reference Section

5.3.4

5.3.4.1

5.3.4.3

5.3.4.2

5.3.4.4

5.3.5

5.3.6

5.3.8, 5.5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-5: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #3

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

VARS Internal variables 5.3.9, 9.2

PREV,

NEXT, JUMP, EDIT

DIAG Diagnostic menu 5.3.7, 9.1.3

PREV,

SIG I/O Examines, changes analog and

ANALOG

D/A CAL Calibrates V/F board and the

TEST

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the VARS menu. JUMP will go to variable number selected, EDIT will allow editing of the selected variable.

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the DIAG menu.

digital internal signals

Writes a stepped analog output

OUT

CHNL

voltage to the 4 analog outputs

analog outputs

Routes several internal signals to TCHAN analog output - used for diagnosis

Reference Section

5.3.9, 9.2

5.3.7, 9.1.3

9.1.3.1

9.1.3.5

9.1.3.6

9.1.1

OPTIC

TEST

ELEC

TEST

O3 GEN Turns OFF/ON ozone generator 9.1.3.4

RS-232 Writes test data to RS-232 port

Activates Optic Test feature 9.1.3.3

Activates Electric Test feature 9.1.3.2

9.1.3.7

- used for diagnosis

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5.2 Sample Mode

5.2.1 Test Functions

NOTE

In any of the following TEST functions, if a value of

XXXX is displayed, that indicates an off scale and

therefore meaningless reading.

To use the TEST functions to diagnose instrument faults, refer to Troubleshooting Section 9.1.

Range

This is the range of the instrument. Electronically, there is only one physical range. The range of the instrument is just the software expanding various portions of the single physical range to fill the selected analog output voltage range. In standard configuration there is one range for all 3 outputs.

Independent range option allows different ranges for each output. When enabled, there will be three range values displayed, NO, NOx and NO2.

Auto range mode allows a low range and high range. The M200AU will automatically switch to the other range dynamically as concentration values require. The TEST values will show the range the instrument is currently operating in, and will dynamically display the alternate range as the range changes occur.

NOTE

Each of the range modes Single range, Auto range, and

Independent ranges are mutually exclusive.

Stability

The instrument noise is computed using the standard deviation of the last 10 minutes of data, with the value being computed at the end of each NO/NOx cycle. It is computed for the NOx channel only. The stability value only becomes meaningful if sampling a constant concentration for more than 10 minutes. The value should be compared to the value observed in the factory check-out.

The Stability reading on the front panel TEST functions is different than the STABIL reading found in the DAS. Check the DAS in Section 5.3.3 for more information on the STABIL - DAS.

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Sample Flow

The SAMPLE FLOW test function is computed from the pressure measured up-stream of the sample flow orifice. The pressure down-stream of the orifice is also checked to assure the assumptions of the equation are valid. This will register variations in flow caused by changes in atmospheric pressure, but will not detect a plugged sample flow orifice. The nominal value is 1000 ± 100 cc/min.

Ozone Flow

The OZONE FLOW test function is directly measured by a solid state flow meter. Variations in this value indicate variations in ozone flow. The nominal value for ozone flow is 80 ± 15 cc/min.

PMT Voltage

The PMT VOLTAGE measures the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The waveform of the PMT voltage can be complex, and vary from near 0 mV when zero gas is in the reaction cell to 5000 mV when a high concentration of NOx is being measured. If the PMT reading is consistently 5000 mV, that indicates an off-scale reading. Typical readings bounce around, which is normal.

Normalized PMT Voltage

Like the PMT Voltage TEST function above, the NORMALIZED PMT VOLTAGE measures the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The difference is that several normalization functions are applied to this signal before it is displayed. The most important is the temperature and pressure compensation factors. If NORM PMT is used as suggested in the Factory Calibration Procedure (Section 9.1.6) the M200AU will be correctly calibrated.

PREREACT Voltage

This test measurement is the Pre-reactor voltage. It indicates the most recent reading from the Pre-reactor circuit. The units are mV and readings up to 1000 are considered normal.

High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)

The HVPS reading is a measure of the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage. The voltage used to set the HVPS output is generated on the Preamp board. Its value is between 0 and 1 volt, corresponding to a voltage of 0 to 1000 volts out of the HVPS. The HVPS front panel TEST measurement should be greater than 450 volts and will typically be 500-800 V.

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DC Power Supply (DCPS)

The DCPS voltage is a composite of the 5 and ± 15 VDC voltages in the Power Supply Module. This is meant to be a quick indicator to show if the PSM is working correctly. The nominal value is 2500 mV ± 200 mV.

Reaction Cell Temperature

This is a measurement of the temperature of the reaction cell. It is controlled by the computer to 40 ± 1° C. Temperatures outside this range will cause the M200AU output to drift.

Box Temperature

This TEST function measures the temperature inside the chassis of the M200AU. The temperature sensor is located on the Status/Temp Board. Typically it runs 2 to 10° C higher than the ambient temperature.

PMT Temperature

The temperature of the PMT is closely controlled by a dedicated proportional temperature controller. The nominal set-point is -5 ± 1° C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument drift due to gain changes in the PMT detector.

Block Temperature

The temperature of the sample flow and ozone flow control orifice blocks. The nominal set-point is 40 ± 1° C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument drift.

Moly Temperature

The moly temperature is controlled by the computer. The nominal set-point is 315 ± 5° C. The temperature sensor inside the moly is a type-J thermocouple. The thermocouple amplifier is located on the STATUS/TEMP board. If the thermocouple breaks, the reading will go to 500° C and remove power from the heater.

Reaction Cell Pressure

The pressure in the reaction cell is measured by a solid state pressure sensor, which measures absolute pressure. This pressure will vary depending on several things.

1. The type of pump attached to the analyzer.

2. Variations in local weather will cause a ± 0.3in-Hg change in pressure.

3. The altitude of the analyzer will cause the cell pressure to change.

Nominal values are 1 to 4 in-Hg-A. typical reading is about 3.5 in-Hg-A.

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Sample Pressure

The pressure in the sample inlet line is measured by a solid state pressure sensor which measures absolute pressure. This pressure typically runs 0.5" or so below atmospheric pressure due to the pressure drop in the sample inlet lines and valves.

NOx, NO Slope and Offset Values

The coefficients of 2 (NOx and NO) straight line equations (y = mx + b) determine the calibration of the M200AU. The slope parameter(m) can be thought of as a gain term which determines the steepness of the calibration curve. The offset parameter (b) compensates for differences in the background signal of the NO and NOx channels.

The values of these parameters can be used to determine the quality of the calibration. These 4 parameters contain valuable information about the quality and validity of the calibration. For example, the NO and NOx slope values should not differ by more than .1 from each other. Larger values indicate a flow imbalance such as a leak or problems with the molybdenum converter. Refer to Section 7.8 Calibration Quality for details on how to use these values.

Time

This is an output of the M200AU's internal time of day clock.

5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions

The calibration and zero/span checking of the M200AU analyzer is treated in detail in Section 7, Table 7-1 summarizes types of calibration. The basic function of each of these keys is described here. When any of the CAL buttons are pressed (or whenever the instrument enters the CAL mode), the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

5.2.2.1 CAL, CALS, CALZ

These keys control the calibration functions of the analyzer. In the CAL mode the analyzer can be calibrated without switching on the zero valve or the span valve. If the analyzer has the Zero/Span valve option, there will be CALZ and CALS buttons also. These buttons operate the Zero/Span valves. The setup of these options is covered in Section 6.3, and operation is explained in Section 7.

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5.2.2.2 Zero

Pressing the ZERO key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the OFFSET value of the internal formula so that the instrument reads zero. The M200AU allows zero adjustment over a limited range of signal levels, therefore the signal does not have to be exactly zero for the instrument to do a zero cal. The instrument will not, however, allow a zero cal on any signal level, therefore it is not possible to zero the instrument with high concentrations of span gas in the reaction cell. If the ZERO key does not come on as expected, check Section 9.2.9.

5.2.2.3 Span

Pressing the SPAN key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the SLOPE value of the internal formula so the instrument displays the span value. The expected NOx and NO span concentrations must be entered before doing a SPAN calibration. See Table 7-3.

Like the Zero calibration, the Span cal cannot be done with any concentration of span gas. If the signal level is outside certain limits the, SPAN key will not be illuminated. If you encounter this condition see Section 9.2.8. It is also possible at low levels of span concentration that BOTH the ZERO and SPAN keys might be on, thus allowing you to either zero or span the instrument. In this case, care must be taken to perform the correct operation or the analyzer can become miscalibrated.

5.2.2.4 NO, NOx Cal Concentration

Before the M200AU can be spanned, it is necessary to enter the expected span concentrations for NO and NOx. This is done by using CAL-CONC-NOX or CAL-CONC-NO keys for NOx and NO span concentrations, respectively. Concentration values from 1 to 2000 ppb are valid

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5.2.2.5 Formula Values

The slope and offset terms should be checked after each calibration. The values for these terms contain valuable information about the internal health of the analyzer. The range of acceptable values and their meanings is given in Section 7.8.

To compute the NOx and NO concentrations, the formula for a straight line is used.

Where:

y = the NOx or NO concentration

m = the slope

x = the conditioned PMT tube output

b = the offset

y = mx + b

In comparison with analog analyzers the slope term is equivalent to the "span pot" and the b term is equivalent to the "zero pot". Again, like an analog analyzer there is only a limited range of adjustment allowed for either term, and there are consequences of having the values near the high or low limits of their respective ranges.

The x term is the conditioned PMT signal. PMT signal is adjusted for the Pre-reactor background, range, temperature, and pressure.

The offset (b) term is the total background light with the Pre-reactor term subtracted out.

The Pre-reactor term measures detector dark current, amplifier noise, and ozone generator and hydrocarbon background.

After every zero or span calibration, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the calibration. The calibration of the M200AU involves balancing several sections of electronics and software to achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

See Section 7.8 for the calibration quality check procedure.

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5.2.2.6 Automatic Converter Efficiency Compensation

The M200AU can automatically compensate the NOx and NO2 readings for the molybdenum converter efficiency. There are 2 ways to enter the converter efficiency into the instrument. The first is to just type in the converter efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET menu. The second method is to have the M200AU compute the efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLYCAL menu. See the Calibration Section 7.6.6.1 Molybdenum Converter Efficiency for details.

To disable the compensation, press CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET and enter 1.0000 as the efficiency. Factory default is 1.0000.

5.3 Set-Up Mode

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG)

This menu item will tell if the installed software has factory special features or other nonstandard features. If you call Teledyne API service you may be asked for information from this menu.

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal)

The AutoCal feature allows the M200AU to automatically operate the Zero/Span Valve option to periodically check its calibration. Information on setting up AutoCal is in Section 6.3.

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)

The M200AU contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that enables the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery backed memory. This information can be viewed from the front panel or printed out through the RS-232 port. The diagnostic data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to determine when maintenance and servicing will be required.

The logged parameters are stored in what are called “Data Channels.” Each Data Channel can store multiple data parameters. The Data Channels can be programmed and customized from the front panel. A set of default Data Channels has been included in the M200AU software. For more information on programming custom Data Channels, a supplementary document containing this information can be requested from Teledyne API.

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5.3.3.1 Data Channels

The function of the Data Channels is to store, report, and view data from the analyzer. The data may consist of NO, NOx, NO2 concentration, or may be diagnostic data, such as the sample flow or reaction cell pressure.

The M200AU comes pre-programmed with a set of useful Data Channels for logging concentration and predictive diagnostic data. The default Data Channels can be used as they are, or they can be changed by the user to fit a specific application. They can also be deleted to make room for custom user-programmed Data Channels.

The data in the default Data Channels can be viewed through the SETUP-DAS-VIEW menu. Use the PREV and NEXT buttons to scroll through the Data Channels and press VIEW to view the data. The last record in the Data Channel is shown. Pressing PREV and NEXT will scroll through the records one at a time. Pressing NX10 and PV10 will move forward or backward 10 records. For Data Channels that log more than one parameter, such as PNUMTC, buttons labeled <PRM and PRM> will appear. These buttons are used to scroll through the parameters located in each record.

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The function of each of the default Data Channels is described below:

CONC:

PNUMTC:

CALDAT:

STABIL:

Samples NOx, NO and NOy concentration data at one minute intervals and stores an average every hour with a time and date stamp. Readings during calibration and calibration hold off are not included in the data. The last 800 hourly averages are stored.

Collects sample flow and sample pressure data at five minute intervals and stores an average once a day with a time and date stamp. This data is useful for monitoring the condition of the pump and critical flow orifice(sample flow) and the sample filter(clogging indicated by a drop in sample pressure) over time to predict when maintenance will be required. The last 360 daily averages (about 1 year) are stored.

Logs new slope and offset every time a zero or span calibration is performed, also records the sample concentration reading just prior to performing a calibration.

Logs the standard deviation of the last 50 minutes of NOx data, with readings taken 2 minutes apart(i.e. 25 readings taken 2 minutes apart.) The collector operates in “sliding window” fashion with the oldest reading being deleted and a new reading added every 2 minutes. A new value of STABIL is added to the data buffer every 2 minutes. A time and date stamp is recorded for every data point logged.

NOTE: This Data Channel collects data based on an event (a calibration) rather than a timer. This Data Channel will store data from the last 200 calibrations. This does not represent any specific length of time since it is dependent on how often calibrations are performed. As with all Data Channels, a time and date stamp is recorded for every data point logged.

This is the EPA definition of noise used for equivalency testing. The collector provides a continuous readout of the noise. In order for the data to be meaningful, the instrument must sample a constant concentration of gas for at least 50 minutes.

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Table 5-6: DAS Data Channel Editing

Step Action Comment

Press SETUP-DAS-EDIT

Press PREV/NEXT

Press EDIT

Press SET> (5 times)

Press EDIT

Toggle OFF to ON

Press ENTR

Press EXIT (4 times)

Enter DAS menu to edit Data Channels

Select Data Channel to edit

Enter the Edit menu for the selected Data Channel

Scroll through Data Channel properties until RS-232 REPORT: OFF is displayed

Edit selected setup property

Change RS-232 REPORT property

Accepts change

Exits back to sample menu

5.3.4 Range Menu

The instrument operates on any full scale range from 5 to 2000 ppb. The range is the concentration value that equals the maximum voltage output on the rear panel of the instrument.

The front panel will read the concentration anywhere from 0 to 2000 ppb regardless of the range selected.

NOTE

Only one of the following range choices can be active at any one time.

There are 3 range choices:

1. Single Range

2. Auto Range

3. Independent Ranges

5.3.4.1 Single Range

This range option selects a single range for all output channels (NO, NOx, NO2) of the M200AU. To select Single Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SING, then press ENTR. To set the value for the range press SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter the full scale range desired from 5 ppb to 2000 ppb, then press ENTR.

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5.3.4.2 Auto Range

Auto Range allows the NO, NOx, NO2 outputs to automatically range between a low range and a high range. There is only one low range and one high range for all outputs. The Hi range mode is signaled by a bit on the STATUS option, see Table 5-9. When the instrument output increases to 98% of the low range value, it will Auto Range into Hi range. In Hi range, when the output decreases to 75% of low range, it will change to the lower range. If you select a Hi range that is less than Low range, the M200AU will remain locked in Low range and behave as a Single Range instrument.

To set up Auto Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-AUTO, then press ENTR. To set the values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200AU will prompt you for LO, then HI which are the lower and upper ranges of Auto Range. Key in the values desired, then press ENTR.

5.3.4.3 Independent Ranges

Independent Ranges allows you to select different ranges for NO, NOx, and NO2.

To set up Independent Ranges press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-IND, then press ENTR. To set the values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200AU will prompt you for the range of NO, NOx and NO2 channels. Key in the desired range for each channel, press ENTR after each value.

5.3.4.4 Concentration Units

The M200AU can display concentrations in ppb, ug/m3 units. Concentrations displayed in ug/m3 use 0° C, 760 mm-Hg for STP. Consult your local regulations for the STP used by your agency. The following equations give approximate conversions:

NO ppb x 1.34 = NO ug/m

NO ppm x 1.34 = NO mg/m

NO2 ppb x 2.05 = NO2 ug/m

NO2 ppm x 2.05 = NO2 mg/m

NH3 ppb x 0.76 = NH3 ug/m

NH3 ppm x 0.76 = NH3 mg/m

To change the current units press SETUP-RNGE-UNIT from the SAMPLE mode and select the desired units.

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NOTE

You should now reset the expected span concentration values in the new

units and re-calibrate the instrument using one of the methods in Section 7.

Changing units affects all of the RS-232 values, all of the

display values, and all of the calibration values.

Example:

If the current units are in ppb and the span value is 400 ppb, and

the units are changed to ug/m3 the span value is NOT re-calculated

to the equivalent value in ug/m3. Therefore the span value now

becomes 400 ug/m3 instead of 400 ppb.

5.3.4.5 Recorder Offset

If necessary, the analog outputs can be biased. This can be used to offset the output voltage of each channel ±10% of the current output voltage setting. It is intended for recorders that cannot show slightly negative readings. It can also be used to bias the input to a datalogger to offset small external ground loop voltages that are sometimes present in monitoring systems

The offset is set in the V/F calibration menu. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, scroll to A/D CALIBRATION, then press ENTR. Select CFG-SET-OFFSET, then enter the desired offset and press ENTR. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode.

5.3.5 Password Enable

If password protection is enabled, a password is required to access calibration or setup menus. In the VARS menu a password is always required. To enable passwords press SETUP-PASS-ON. A list of passwords is in Table 5-7.

Table 5-7: Calibrate, Setup Passwords

Password Usage Password

Calibration Password Use to get into CAL menus 512, 101

Setup Password Use to get into SETUP menus 818, 101

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5.3.6 Time of Day Clock

The instrument has an internal time of day clock. The time of day can be set by pressing SETUPCLOCK-TIME and entering the time in 24hr format. In a similar manner the date can be entered by pressing SETUP-CLOCK-DATE and entering the date in a dd-mmm-yy format.

If you are having trouble with the clock running slow or fast, the speed of the clock can be adjusted by selecting the CLOCK_ADJ variable in the SETUP-MORE-VARS menu. The units of CLOCK_ADJ are seconds per day.

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode

The M200AU Diagnostic Mode allows additional tests and calibrations of the instrument. These features are separate from the TEST functions because each DIAG function has the ability to alter or disable the output of the instrument. While in DIAG mode no data is placed in the DAS averages. Details on the use of Diagnostic mode are in Section 9.1.3.

5.3.8 Communications Menu

The COMM menu allows the RS-232 BAUD rate to be set. To set the BAUD rate press SETUPMORE-COMM-BAUD, select the appropriate BAUD rate, then press ENTR.

The instrument ID number can also be set. This ID number is attached to every RS-232 message sent by the M200AU. To set the ID press SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID and enter a 4 digit number from 0000-9999, then press ENTR

5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS)

This menu enables you to change the settings on certain internal variables. The VARS Table 9-5 is located in the Troubleshooting Section 9.1.4.

5.3.10 M200AU Operating Modes

The M200AU has 2 main operating modes that were discussed earlier in this section, namely SAMPLE and SETUP modes. In addition, there are other modes of operation when the instrument is being diagnosed or calibrated. A list of M200AU operating modes is given in Table 5-5.

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Table 5-8: M200AU Operating Modes

Mode Description

ZERO CAL D Automatic dynamic zero calibration

ZERO CAL A Automatic zero calibration

ZERO CAL R Remote zero calibration

ZERO CAL M Manual zero calibration

SPAN CAL D Automatic dynamic span calibration

SPAN CAL A Automatic span calibration

SPAN CAL R Remote span calibration

SPAN CAL M Manual span calibration

M-P CAL Manual multi-point calibration

DIAG ELEC Electrical diagnostic test

DIAG OPTIC Optical diagnostic test

DIAG OZONE Ozone generator diagnostic test

DIAG AOUT D/A output diagnostic test

DIAG Main diagnostic menu

DIAG I/O Signal I/O diagnostic

DIAG RS232 RS232 output diagnostic

SETUP x.x Setup mode (x.x is software version)

SAMPLE ZS Sampling; automatic dynamic zero and span calibration enabled

SAMPLE Z Sampling; automatic dynamic zero calibration enabled

SAMPLE S Sampling; automatic dynamic span calibration enabled

SAMPLE A Sampling; automatic cal. enabled

SAMPLE Sampling; automatic cal. disabled

5.4 Status Output

The status output is an option that reports Analyzer conditions via contact closures on the rear panel. The closures are available on a 50 pin connector on the rear panel. The contacts are NPN transistors which can pass 50 ma of direct current. The pin assignments are listed in Table 5-9.

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Table 5-9: Status Output Pin Assignments

Output # Pin # Definition Condition

1 1,2 ZERO CAL CLOSED IN ZERO CAL

2 3,4 SPAN CAL CLOSED IN SPAN CAL

3 5,6 FLOW ALARM CLOSED IF FLOW WARNING

4 7,8 TEMP ALARM CLOSED IF ANY TEMP WARNING

5 9,10 DIAG MODE CLOSED IN DIAG MODE

6 11,12 POWER OK CLOSED IF SYSTEM POWER OK

7 13,14 SPARE

8 15,16 SPARE

9 17,18 SPARE

10 19,20 AUTORANGE - HI CLOSED IF IN HIGH RANGE

11 21,22 SYSTEM OK CLOSED IF NO FAULTS PRESENT

12 23,24 RX CELL PRESS CLOSED IF ABS PRES > 15" HG

The Status Board schematic can be found in the Appendix Drawing 01087.

5.5 RS-232 Interface

The RS-232 communications protocol allows the instrument to be connected to a wide variety of computer based equipment. The interface provides two basic functions in the M200AU.

1. First is a comprehensive command interface for operating and diagnosing the analyzer.

2. The interface can also provide an audit trail of analyzer events. In this function the port sends out messages about instrument events like calibration or warning messages. If these messages are captured on a printer or remote computer, they provide a continuous audit trail of the analyzers operation and status.

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5.5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface

The baud rate is set from the front panel by SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD. Select the baud rate appropriate for your application, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19,200. It is important to note that the other device must have identical settings in order for the communications to work correctly.

Second is physical wiring of the analyzer to the other unit. We have incorporated into the Analyzer LED's that signal the presence of data on the communications lines, and also switches to easily re-configure the analyzer from DCE to DTE if necessary. In addition the front panel diagnostics allow test data streams to be sent out of the port on command. This flexibility and diagnostic capability should simplify attaching our equipment to other computers or printers. If problems occur, see the Troubleshooting Section 9.3.2.

Setup from the Front Panel

There are 2 additional RS-232 setups that can be done via the front panel.

1. Set the instrument ID number by SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID, and enter a 4 digit number from 0000-9999. This ID number is part of every message transmitted from the port.

2. Set the RS-232 mode bit field in the VARS menu. To get to the variable press, SETUPMORE-VARS, then ENTR and scroll to RS232_MODE, then press EDIT. The possible values are in Table 5-10.

Table 5-10: RS-232 Port Setup - Front Panel

Decimal Value Description

1 Turns on quiet mode (messages suppressed)

2 Places analyzer in computer mode (no echo of chars)

4 Enables Security Features (Logon, Logoff)

8 Enables API protocol and setup menus

16 Enable alternate protocol

32 Enable multidrop protocol

NOTE

To enter the correct value, ADD the decimal values of the features you

want to enable. For example if LOGON and front panel RS-232

menus are desired, the value entered would be 4 + 8 = 12.

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Security Feature

The RS-232 port is often connected to a public telephone line which could compromise instrument security. If the LOGON feature is implemented, the port has the following attributes:

1. A password is required before the port will operate.

2. If the port is inactive for 1 hour, it will automatically LOGOFF.

3. Repeat attempts at logging on with incorrect passwords will cause subsequent logins (even with the correct password) to be disabled for 1 hour.

4. If not logged on, the only command that is active is the '?'.

5. The following messages will be given at logon.

LOG ON SUCCESSFUL LOG ON FAILED LOG OFF SUCCESSFUL

The RS-232 LOGON feature must be enabled from the front panel by setting bit 4 of the RS232_MODE variable in the VARS menu, see Table 9-5. Once the feature is enabled, to logon type:

LOGON 940331

940331 is the default password. The password can be changed to any number from 0 to 999999 by the variable RS232_PASS. To change the password enter the command

V RS232_PASS=NNNNNN

which sets the password to the value NNNNNN.

Protocol of Port Communication

The RS-232 interface has two protocols of communication, because if the port is attached to a computer it needs to have different characteristics than if used interactively. Consequently, there are two primary styles of operation: terminal mode and computer mode.

Correct password given

Password not given or incorrect

Logged off

When an operator is communicating with the analyzer via a terminal, the analyzer should be placed into TERMINAL MODE, which echoes keystrokes, allows editing of the command line using the backspace and escape keys, and allows recall of the previous command. When a host computer or data logger is connected to the analyzer, it should be placed into COMPUTER MODE, which does not echo characters received or allow the special editing keys. See Table 5-11 for relevant commands.

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Table 5-11: RS-232 Switching From Terminal Mode to Computer Mode

Key Function

Control-T (ASCII 20 decimal) Switch to terminal mode (echo, edit)

Control-C (ASCII 3 decimal) Switch to computer mode (no echo, no edit)

If the command line doesn't seem to respond to keystrokes or commands, one of the first things you should do is send a Control-T to switch the command line interface into terminal mode. Also, some communication programs remove CTRL-T and CTRL-C characters from the byte stream, therefore these characters will not be sent to the analyzer. Check your communications program owners manual.

Entering Commands in Terminal Mode

In terminal mode, all commands must be terminated by a carriage return; commands are not processed until a carriage return is entered. While entering a command you may use the editing keys shown in Table 5-12.

Table 5-12: RS-232 Terminal Mode Editing Keys

Key Function

CR (carriage return) Execute command

BS (backspace) Backspace one character to the left

ESC (escape) Erase entire line

Commands are not case-sensitive; you should separate all command elements (i.e. keywords, data values, etc.) by spaces.

Words such as T, SET, LIST, etc. are called keywords and are shown on the help screen in uppercase, but they are not case-sensitive. You must type the entire keyword; abbreviations are not accepted.

NOTE

To open the help screen,

Type "?" and press the Enter key.

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5.5.2 Command Summary

The information contained in the rest of this section covers commonly used commands that are required to operate the instrument from a remote terminal. If you are going to be writing computer programs to communicate with the M200AU (i.e. operating the port in COMPUTER MODE) we suggest that you order a supplementary manual "The RS-232 Interface", Teledyne API part number 01350. This manual describes additional features of the port.

The Teledyne API RS-232 interface protocol has a multidrop capability. This is why an optional ID number is permitted for all commands. If you don’t include the ID number in the command, all of the instruments connected to the RS-232 interface will respond. If you include the ID number in the command, only the instrument whose ID number matches will execute the command.

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Table 5-13: RS-232 Command Summary

Commands Definition

? [id] Print help screen. ID is an optional instrument ID number.

T [id] LIST Print all active test messages

T [id] LIST name or T [id] name

W [id] LIST Print all active warnings

W [id] CLEAR name or W [id] name

C [id] command Execute calibration "command" from Table 5-18

D [id] LIST Prints all I/O signal values

D [id] name Print single I/O signal value/state

D [id] name=value Sets I/O signal to new "value"

D [id] LIST NAMES Lists diagnostic test names

D [id] ENTER name Enters and starts 'name' diagnostic test

D [id] EXIT Exits diagnostic mode

D [id] RESET Resets analyzer(same as power-on)

D [id] RESET RAM System reset, plus erases RAM. Initializes DAS, NO, NOx, NO2 conc

D [id] RESET EEPROM System reset, plus erases EEPROM (RESET RAM actions + setup

Print single test message "name" from Table 5-16

Clear single warning message "name" from Table 5-17

readings, calib not affected.

variables, calibration to default values). Restores all factory defaults.

D [id] PRINT Prints properties for all data channels (DAS)

D [id] PRINT "name” Prints properties for single data channel. Quotes around name are

required.

D [id] REPORT "name" [RECORDS=number] [COMPACT|VERBOSE]

V [id] LIST Print all setup variable names and values

V [id] name Print individual setup variable value

V [id] name=value Sets setup variable to new "value"

V [id] CONFIG Print analyzer configuration

V [id] MODE Print current analyzer mode

Prints DAS records for a data channel. Quotes around name are required. Parameters in brackets are optional.

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Table 5-14: RS-232 Command Summary

Terminal Mode Editing Keys Definition

BS Backspace

ESC Erase line

CR Execute command

^C Switch to computer mode

Computer Mode Editing Keys Definition

LF Execute command

^T Switch to terminal mode

Security Features Definition

LOGON [id] password Establish connection to analyzer

LOGOFF [id] Disconnect from analyzer

General Output Message Format

Reporting of status messages for use as an audit trail is one of the two principal uses for the RS232 interface. You can effectively disable the asynchronous reporting feature by setting the interface to quiet mode. All messages output from the analyzer (including those output in response to a command line request) have the format:

X DDD:HH:MM IIII MESSAGE

X is a character indicating the message type, as shown in the table below.

DDD:HH:MM is a time-stamp indicating the day-of-year (DDD) as a number from 1 to 366, the hour of the day (HH) as a number from 00 to 23, and the minute (MM) as a number from 00 to

59.

IIII is the 4-digit machine ID number.

MESSAGE contains warning messages, test measurements, DAS reports, variable values, etc.

The uniform nature of the output messages makes it easy for a host computer to parse them.

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Table 5-15: RS-232 Interface Command Types

First Character Message Type

C Calibration

D Diagnostic

T Test measurement

V Variable

W Warning

There are 5 different types of messages output by the M200AU. They are grouped below by type in Table 5-13 to Table 5-21. The meanings of the various messages are discussed elsewhere in the manual. The TEST, DIAGNOSTIC and WARNING messages are discussed in Sections 9.1 and 9.2. DAS and VARIABLES are discussed in Section 5.3.5 and 5.3.9. CALIBRATE is discussed in Section 7.

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5.5.3 TEST Commands and Messages

Table 5-16: RS-232 Test Messages

Name Message Description

RANGE2 RANGE=xxxxx PPB3 Analyzer range

NOXRANGE

NORANGE

NO2RANGE

NOX RNG=xxxxx PPB

NO RNG=xxxxx PPB

NO2 RNG=xxxxx PPB

STABILITY NOX STB=xxxx.xx PPB Std. Deviation NOx conc values.

SAMPFLOW SAMP FLW=xxx CC/M Sample flow rate

OZONEFLOW OZONE FL=xxxx CC/M Ozone flow rate

PMT PMT=xxxxxx MV PMT output

NORMPMT NORM PMT=xxxxxx MV Normalized PMT output

PRE-REACTOR PREREACT=xxxxx MV Pre-reactor filter value

HVPS HVPS=xxxxx V High voltage power supply

Indep. Range for NOx channel

Indep. Range for NO channel

Indep. Range for NO2 channel

DCPS DCPS=xxxxxx MV DC power supply

RCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP=xxx C Reaction cell temperature

BOXTEMP BOX TEMP=xxx C Internal box temperature

PMTTEMP PMT TEMP=xxx C PMT temperature

CONVTEMP MOLY TEMP=xxx C Molycon temperature

RCELLPRESS RCEL=xxx.x IN-HG-A Rx cell pressure

SAMPPRESS SAMP=xxx.x IN-HG-A Sample pressure

NOXSLOPE NOX SLOPE=xxxxx NOx slope parameter

NOXOFFSET NOX OFFS=xxxxx NOx offset parameter

NOSLOPE NO SLOPE=xxxxxx NO slope parameter

NOOFFSET NO OFFS=xxxxxx NO offset parameter

NO2CONC NO2=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NO2 concentration

NOXCONC NOX=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NOx concentration

NOCONC NO=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NO concentration

TESTCHAN TEST=xxxxx MV Test channel diagnostic output

CLOCKTIME TIME=HH:MM:SS Time of day

Displayed when independent range is enabled.

Displayed when single or auto range is enabled.

Depends on which units are currently selected.

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The T command lists TEST messages. Examples of the T command are:

T LIST

T LIST ALL

T CONVTEMP

T LIST NOX

T NOX

Lists all active test messages

Lists all test messages

Prints the temperature of the moly converter

Prints NOx concentration message

5.5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages

Table 5-17: RS-232 Warning Messages

Name Message Description

WSYSRES SYSTEM RESET Analyzer was reset/powered on

WRAMINIT RAM INITIALIZED RAM was erased

WSAMPFLOW SAMPLE FLOW WARN Sample flow out of spec.

WOZONEFLOW OZONE FLOW WARNING Ozone flow out of spec.

WRCELLPRESS RCELL PRESS WARN Rx cell pressure out of spec.

WBOXTEMP BOX TEMP WARNING Box temp. out of spec.

WRCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP WARNING Reaction cell temp. out of spec.

WCONVTEMP MOLY TEMP WARNING Molycon temp. out of spec.

WPMTTEMP PMT TEMP WARNING Molycon temp. out of spec.

WPREREACT PRACT WARN XXX.X MV Pre-reactor filter receive a reading out

of limit spec.

WHVPS HVPS WARNING High voltage out of spec.

WDCPS DCPS WARNING DC Voltage out of spec.

WOZONEGEN OZONE GEN OFF Ozone Generator is off

WDYNZERO CANNOT DYN ZERO Dynamic zero cal. out of spec.

WDYNSPAN CANNOT DYN SPAN Dynamic span cal. out of spec.

WVFDET V/F NOT DETECTED V/F board not installed or broken

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Whenever a warning message is reported on the analyzer display, if the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode(i.e. not in quiet mode) the warning message is also sent to the RS-232 interface. These messages are helpful when trying to track down a problem with the analyzer and for determining whether or not the DAS reports are actually valid. The warning message format is for example:

W 194:11:03 0200 SAMPLE FLOW WARN

The format of a warning command is W command. Examples of warning commands are:

W LIST

W CLEAR ALL

List all current warnings

Clear all current Warnings

Individual warnings may be cleared via the front panel or the command line interface. To clear the sample flow warning shown above the command would be:

W WSAMPFLOW

5.5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages

There are several methods of both checking the calibration and calibrating the M200AU, these are discussed in Section 7. The C command executes one of the calibration commands shown in Table 5-18.

Table 5-18: RS-232 Calibration Commands

Command Description

C [id] ZERO [1 or 2] Start remote zero calibration. The number is optional and selects the

range to calibrate. If not specified, the range defaults to range 1.

C [id] COMPUTE ZERO Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing ZERO-ENTR on front panel.

C [id] SPAN [1 or 2] Start remote span calibration.

C [id] COMPUTE SPAN Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing SPAN -ENTR on front panel.

C [id] ASEQ number Executes automatic calibration sequence (1, 2, or 3).

C [id] EXIT Exits the current calibration step and goes to the next one.

C [id] ABORT Aborts the entire calibration sequence.

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Table 5-19: RS-232 Calibration Examples

Action RS-232 Commands Comments

Zero Calibration C ZERO

C COMPUTE ZERO C EXIT

Zero Calibration of low range AutoRange Enabled

Span Calibration of high range AutoRange Enabled

Zero Calibration with Dynamic Calibration enabled

Zero Calibration C ZERO

Execute AutoCal Sequence #2 C ASEQ 2 Execute a predefined AutoCal

C ZERO 1 C COMPUTE ZERO C EXIT

C SPAN 2 C COMPUTE SPAN C EXIT

C ZERO C EXIT

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit zero gas. Zero cal in Single Range mode

Z/S valves switched to admit zero gas. Zero calibration of low range in Auto Range mode

Z/S valves switched to admit span gas. Span calibration of high range in Auto Range mode

Z/S valves switched to admit zero gas. Instrument is zero calibrated if DYN CAL is enabled.

Z/S valves switched to admit zero gas. Instrument zero is just checked, but not changed.

Sequence. Executes sequence immediately, ignoring time and date parameters.

Span Calibration Check C SPAN

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit span gas. Instrument span is just checked, but not changed.

Whenever the analyzer starts or finishes a ZS calibration, it issues a status report to the RS-232 interface. If the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode, these reports will be sent. Otherwise, they will be discarded. Table 5-20 shows the format of the text of the calibration messages. An example of an actual sequence of calibration status messages is:

C DDD:HH:MM IIII START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION C DDD:HH:MM IIII NOX=xxxxx PPB NO=xxxxx PPB NO2=xxxxx PPB C DDD:HH:MM IIII FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

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Table 5-20: RS-232 Calibration Messages

Message Description

START ZERO CALIBRATION Beginning ZS zero calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB FINISH ZERO CALIBRATION

Finished ZS zero calibration

START SPAN CALIBRATION Beginning ZS span calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB FINISH SPAN CALIBRATION

Finished ZS span calibration

START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION Beginning multi-point calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB

Finished multi-point calibration

FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

Depends on software options installed.

Depends on which units are currently selected.

5.5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages

When Diagnostic mode is entered from the RS-232 port, the diagnostic mode issues additional status messages to indicate which diagnostic test is currently selected. Examples of Diagnostic mode messages are:

D DDD:HH:MM IIII ENTER DIAGNOSTIC MODE D DDD:HH:MM IIII EXIT DIAGNOSTIC MODE

Example of turning on the Ozone Generator via the RS-232 port:

D ENTER SIG D OZONE_GEN=ON D EXIT

The following is a summary of the Diagnostic commands.

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Table 5-21: RS-232 Diagnostic Command Summary

Command Description

D [id] LIST Prints all I/O signal values. See Table 9-4 for Signal I/O definitions.

D [id] name=value Examines or sets I/O signal. For a list of signal names see Table 9-4.

Must issue D ENTER SIG command before using this command.

D [id] LIST NAMES Prints names of all diagnostic tests.

D [id] ENTER SIG D [id] ENTER OT D [id] ENTER ET

D [id] EXIT Must use this command to exit SIG, ET or OT Diagnostic modes

D [id] RESET Resets analyzer software (same as power on).

D [id] RESET RAM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM. Erases NO, NOx, NO2 conc

D [id] RESET EEPROM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM and EEPROM. Returns all

Executes SIGNAL I/O diagnostic test. Executes Optic Test diagnostic test. Executes Elect Test diagnostic test. Example of Ozone Generator diagnostic is in Section 5.5.6. Use D EXIT to leave these diagnostic modes.

values. Keeps setup variables and calibration. (same as installing new software version)

setup variables to factory defaults, resets calibration, Pre-reactor values.

5.5.7 DAS Commands and Message

The M200AU contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that enables the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery backed memory. This information can be printed out through the RS-232 port. The diagnostic data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to determine when maintenance and servicing will be required.

To print out the properties of all of the data channels enter:

D PRINT

To print the properties of just a single data channel enter:

D PRINT "name”

For example to print the properties of the CONC data channel enter:

D PRINT “CONC”

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To print records from a DAS data channel enter:

D REPORT “name” RECORDS=nnn COMPACT|VERBOSE

Examples of reports are:

D REPORT “CONC” RECORDS=35 VERBOSE D REPORT “CALDAT” RECORDS=10 D REPORT “PNUMTC” RECORDS=155 VERBOSE

Automatic RS-232 reporting can be independently enabled and disabled for each Data Channel. For all default data channels, automatic reporting is initially set to “OFF.” If this property is turned on, the Data Channel will issue a report with a time and date stamp to the RS-232 port every time a data point is logged. The report format is shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NOCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG N2CNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

One CONC report consists of:

D = Type of report (Diagnostic) 94:08:00 = Time and Date stamp (Julian day, Hr, Min) 0200 = Instrument ID number CONC = Data Channel name CONC = concentration data PNUMTC = pneumatic parameters CALDAT = calibration parameters AVG = Type of data AVG = average reading INST = instantaneous reading NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB = Name of the parameter NX = NOx NO = NO N2 = NO2

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All of the default Data Channels sample more than one parameter, for these channels, each parameter is printed on a separate line.

There is also a compact format. If this attribute is enabled, all 3 concentration parameters are printed on one line as shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : 120.0 100.0 20.0

The parameters are in the order of NOx, NO, and NO2.

To change any of the attributes of a particular data channel, the channel attributes are edited from the front panel by pressing the EDIT key.

5.5.8 Internal Variables

A list of M200AU variables is shown in Table 9-5.

A list of variables and their settings can be requested over the RS-232 port by:

V LIST Lists internal variables and values

The output from this command is long and will not be shown here. The general format of the output is:

name = value warning_lo warning_hi (data_lo to data_hi)

Where:

name = name of the variable

value = current value of variable

warning_lo = lower limit warning (displayed if applicable)

warning_hi = upper limit warning (displayed if applicable)

data_lo = lower limit of allowable values

data_hi = upper limit of allowable values

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Variables can be changed. Before changing the settings on any variables, please make sure you understand the consequences of the change. We recommend you call the factory before changing the settings on any variables. The general format for changing the settings on a variable is:

V name[=value [warn_lo [warn_hi]]]

For example to change the warning limits on the box temperature type:

V BOX_SET 30 10 50

and the CPU should respond with:

V DDD:HH:MM IIII BOX_SET=30 10 50 (0 to 60)

The CONFIG command lists the software configuration. To show the software configuration, type:

V CONFIG

In addition to SAMPLE and SETUP modes the M200AU has a number of additional operational modes. They are listed in Table 5-8. To list the analyzer's current mode type:

V MODE

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6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Optional equipment offered with the M200AU includes:

1. Rack mount with slides

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only

3. Stainless steel zero/span valves

4. 4-20mA, isolated outputs

5. NOy Converter

6.1 Rack Mount Options

Rack Mount including slides and ears, permits the Analyzer to be mounted in a standard 19" wide x 24" deep RETMA rack. Can also be ordered without slides for applications requiring the instrument to be rigidly mounted in a RETMA rack.

6.2 Zero/Span Valves

The Zero/Span Valve option consists of two stainless steel solenoid valves. This option is applicable only to the instrument with internal molybdenum converter. See Figure 2-5 for valve location. Connections are provided on the rear panel for span gas and zero gas inputs to the valves. (See Figure 2-2) The valves can be actuated by several methods shown in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1: Zero/Span Valve Operation

Mode Description Reference Section

1. Front panel operation via CALS and CALZ buttons

2. Automatic operation using AUTOCAL

3. Remote operation using the RS-232 interface

4. Remote operation using external contact closures

Calibration Section 7 - Manual Zero/Span Check.

Setup and use of AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2, and Section 7.3.

Setup described in Table 6-2. Operation of AUTOCAL described in Section 5.3.2 and Section 7 - Calibration. A complete description of the RS-232 interface is available. Order part number 01350.

Section 7.7 - Automatic operation using external contact closures. Truth Table 7-8 and Section 9.3.4.3.

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Zero/Span valves have 3 operational states:

1. Sample mode. Here both valves are un-energized and sample gas passes through the sample/cal valve and into the analyzer for analysis.

2. Zero mode. The sample/cal valve is energized to the cal mode. The zero/span valve is unenergized in the zero mode, thus allowing zero gas to be admitted through the rear panel bulkhead fitting into the analyzer.

3. Span mode. The sample/cal and the zero/span valves are both energized and in the cal mode. With both valves on, span gas is admitted through a rear panel bulkhead fitting into the analyzer.

Zero air and span gas inlets should supply their respective gases in excess of the 1000 cc/min demand of the Analyzer. Supply and vent lines should be of sufficient length and diameter to prevent back diffusion and pressure effects. See Figure 2-3 for fitting location and tubing recommendations.

Zero air for this instrument should have less than 1 ppt (.001 ppb) NO and have various interferent gas concentrations such that they produce less than 1 ppt total interferent. We recommend a tank of Ultra Zero Air commonly used in gas chromatographic applications as a reliable and constant source of zero air. Another source of zero air is the Model 701 zero air module.

6.3 Autocal - Setup Zero/Span Valves

The Autocal system operates by executing SEQUENCES. It is possible to enable 0-3 sequences, each sequence operates in one of 4 MODES:

Mode No. Mode Name Action

1. Disabled Disables the Sequence

2. Zero Does a Zero Calibration

3. Zero-Span Does a Zero and Span Calibration

4. Span Does a Span Calibration

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For each mode there are seven attributes that the MODE can have that control operational details of the SEQUENCE. They are:

Attribute No. Attribute Name Action

1. Timer Enabled Turns on the Sequence timer

2. Starting Date Sequence will operate after Starting Date

3. Starting Time Time of day sequence will run

4. Delta Days Number of days to skip between each Seq. execution

5. Delta Time Number of hours later each “Delta Days” Seq is to be run.

6. Duration Number of minutes the sequence operates

7. Calibrate Calibrate the instrument at end of sequence.

Example of enabling sequence #2:

Do a span check ½ hour later every other day, lasting 15 minutes, without calibration.

Mode and Attribute Value Comment

Sequence 2 Define Seq. #2

Mode 4 Select Span Mode

Timer Enable ON Enable the timer

Starting Date Sept. 4, 1996 Start after Sept 4

Starting Time 01:00 First Span starts at 1:00AM

Delta Days 2 Do Seq #2 every other day

Delta Time 00:30 Do Seq #2 ½ hr later each time

Duration 15.0 Operate Span valve for 15 min

Calibrate NO Do not calibrate at end of Seq

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Table 6-2: Example of AutoCal Setup

Step Action Comment

1. Press SETUP-ACAL

2. Press PREV-NEXT Press PREV-NEXT until SEQ 2 is displayed

3. Press MODE Select the MODE menu

3. Press PREV-NEXT Press PREV NEXT to scroll to SPAN

4. Press ENTR ENTR selects the SPAN MODE

5. Press SET Select the SET menu to change the sequence attributes

6. Press PREV-NEXT Scroll the SET menu to TIMER ENABLE

7. Press EDIT Allows changing the TIMER ENABLE attribute, select ON

8. Press ENTR ENTR changes TIMER ENABLE to ON

9. Press PREV-NEXT Repeat steps 6-9 for each attribute

10. Press EXIT Press the EXIT key to return to upper level menus

This button sequence will cause the AUTOCAL menu to be displayed.

6.4 4-20 mA, Current Loop Output

The current loop option replaces the voltage output of the instrument with an isolated 4-20 mA current output. The current outputs come out on the same terminals that were used for voltage outputs, see Figure 2-2. See Troubleshooting Section 9.3.3 for setup and calibration.

6.5 NOy Converter

The NOy Converter Option allows placement of the molybdenum converter at the sample inlet point. This configuration is useful for background studies and where it is desirable to immediately convert certain components of the atmosphere that decompose rapidly, or may be lost on the walls of a normal sample induction system. This group of compounds is sometimes referred to as NOy.

The Option consists of a modified M200AU, a M501Y chassis and remote converter. The pneumatic diagram for this system of components is in Figure 8-7. Because of the nature of this option, there is a separate manual “M501Y – Remotely Mounted Converter” (P/N 02808). The manual covers setup, calibration, and operation of the system.

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7 CALIBRATION & ZERO/SPAN CHECKS

There are several ways to check and adjust the calibration of the M200AU. These different methods are summarized in Table 7-1. In addition, all of the methods described in this section can be initiated and controlled via the RS-232 port.

We strongly recommend that SPAN CALIBRATION be done with NO span gas. SPAN CHECKS can be done with either NO only, NO2 only or a mixture of NO and NO2 (GPT).

Zero air used for all calibration procedures, including GPT, should have 1 ppt NO and NO2, less than 1 ppt of major interferents such as SO2, NH3, and hydrocarbons and a dew point of -5o C or less. The calibration gasses should be from a reliable supplier, since the quality of the tank concentration values ultimately determines the accuracy of the analyzer. EPA protocol calibration gasses should be used for EPA monitoring, see Section 7.6.

NOTE

If you are using the M200AU for EPA monitoring, only the calibration method described in Section 7.6 should be used.

NOTE

If there are any problems completing any of the following procedures,

refer to Section 9.2.8 and 9.2.9 - Unable to Span or Zero.

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Table 7-1: Types of Zero/Span Check and Calibration

Section Type of Cal or Check Description

7.1 Manual Z/S Check or Calibration through the sample port

7.2 Manual Z/S Check or Calibration with Z/S Valves Option.

7.3 Automatic Z/S Check with Z/S Valves Operates Z/S valves once per day to check the

7.4 Dynamic Z/S Calibration with Z/S Valves

7.5 Use of Z/S Valves with Remote Contact Closure

7.6 EPA Protocol Calibration Covers methods to be used if data is for EPA

7.7 Special Calibration Requirements for Independent Ranges or AutoRanging

7.8 Calibration Quality Information on how to determine if the calibration

This calibration option uses calibration gas coming in through the sample port. Zero/Span valves do not operate.

How to operate Zero/Span Valves Option. Can be used to check or adjust calibration.

calibration.

Operates Z/S valves once per day and adjusts calibration.

Operates Z/S valves with rear panel contact closures. Without valves, can be used to switch instrument into zero or span cal mode. Used for either checking or adjusting zero/span.

equivalency monitoring.

Covers special requirements if using Independent Range or AutoRange

performed will result in optimum instrument performance.

7.9 References Contains a list of references on quality control

and calibration.

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Figure 7-1: Calibration Setup

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7.1 Manual Zero/Span Check or Cal with Zero/Span Gas in the Sample Port

The calibration of the instrument can be checked or adjusted using gas coming through the sample port. This method is often used when the calibration gas is supplied from an external calibrator and valve system.

This is the calibration procedure to use if the instrument is purchased without the Zero/Span Valve option.

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 ppb, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero value. Table 7-2 details the zero calibration procedure with zero gas coming in through the sample port.

Table 7-2: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Zero Gas thru Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. The zero gas must come in through the sample port. When the CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value or for STABIL reading to get to < 2 ppb.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages.

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Enter the expected NOx and NO span gas concentrations:

Table 7-3: Enter Expected Span Gas Concentrations Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

CAL-CONC-NOX

This key sequence causes the M200AU to prompt for the expected NO

Enter the NO

concentration.

span concentration value by pressing the key

under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can also be entered from CALS or CALZ.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected NOx span value.

3. Press

Now enter the expected NO span concentration as in step one.

CAL-CONC-NO

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR stores the NO span value and returns the prompt to the CONC menu.

5. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

If desired, compensation for moly converter efficiency (CE) can be included in the NOx concentration calculation. The CE must be entered prior to calibration. Refer to Section 7.6.6.1 for the CE procedure.

Table 7-4: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Span Gas thru Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200AU enters the calibrate mode. NO span gas should be fed to the sample port. When the CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and causes the instrument to read the NO and NO

span

concentrations.

5. Press EXIT M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages.

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7.2 Manual Zero/Span Check or Calibration with Zero/Span Valves Option

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated from the front panel keyboard. In the Zero/Span valve option the zero and span gas come into the valves through ports on the rear panel of the instrument.

Table 7-5: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALZ The analyzer enters the zero calibrate mode. This switches the sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow zero gas to come in through the zero gas inlet port in the rear panel. When the CALZ button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations, forcing the reading to zero.

5. Press EXIT M200AU returns to sample mode. Immediately after calibration, readings do not go into the DAS averages.

Refer to Table 7-3 to enter expected NO and NOx values.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-6: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALS The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. This operates the sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow span gas to come in through the cal gas inlet port in the rear panel. When the CALS button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages.

7.3 Automatic Zero/Span Check

In a typical air monitoring application it is desirable to have the analyzer automatically check (AUTOCAL) its calibration each day. If provided with the proper options, the M200AU provides this capability by using the time of day clock to signal the computer system to check operations. When enabled, the instrument software will automatically check zero and span (AUTOCAL) each day. Optionally, the Z/S cycle can be moved backwards or forwards a fixed time each day.

AUTOCAL setup is covered in Table 6-2.

7.4 Dynamic Zero/Span Calibration

The AUTOCAL system described above can also optionally be used to calibrate the instrument once each 24 hours. Dynamic Calibration is enabled by the CALIBRATE attribute in the AUTOCAL setup menu, see Table 6-2 and Table 7-7. If calibration is initiated using the rear panel contact closures, the DYN_ZERO and DYN_SPAN variables must be set to ON in the VARS menu.

Before proceeding with enabling DYNAMIC Z/S you must setup the AUTOCAL feature. Enabling AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2. To enable DYNAMIC Zero/Span Calibration:

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-7: Enabling Dynamic Zero/Span

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

SETUP-ACAL

2. Press PREV-NEXT Select the sequence you want for dynamic calibration.

3. Press SET Select the SET menu.

4. Press PREV-NEXT Scroll through the SET menu to the CALIBRATE attribute.

5. Press EDIT Set the CALIBRATE attribute value to ON to enable

6. Press EXIT Causes the M200AU to return to SAMPLE mode.

Causes the M200AU go to the AutoCal menu.

Dynamic Span.

With dynamic calibration turned on, the instrument will re-set the slope and offset values for the NO and NOx channel each day. This continual re-adjustment of calibration parameters can often mask subtle fault conditions in the analyzer. It is recommended that if Dynamic Cal is enabled, the TEST functions, SLOPE and OFFSET values in the M200AU should be checked frequently to assure high quality and accurate data from the instrument.

7.5 Use of Zero/Span Valves with Remote Contact Closure

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated using Remote Contact Closures provided on the rear panel. See Figure 2-2 for connector location and pinout. When the contacts are closed, the analyzer will switch to zero or span mode. The contacts must remain closed for at least 1 second, and will remain in zero or span mode as long as the contacts are closed. To calibrate the instrument at the end of the Zero/Span valve cycle (DYNAMIC CAL), the CAL_ZERO and CAL_SPAN variables in the VARS menu must be set to ON.

The CPU monitors these two contact closures and will switch the Analyzer into zero or span mode when the contacts are closed for at least 1 second.

In order to do another remote check, both contact closures should be held open for at least 1 second, then may be set again. Table 7-8 shows what type of check is performed based on the settings of the two contact closures.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-8: Z/S Valves Modes with Remote Contact Closure

Ext Zero CC Ext Span CC Operation

Contact Open Contact Open State when in SAMPLE mode, normal monitoring.

Contact Open Contact Closed Span check or calibrate*

Contact Closed Contact Open Zero check or calibrate*

* Calibrate only if Dynamic Calibration is enabled.

7.6 EPA Protocol Calibration

If the M200AU is to be used for EPA compliance monitoring, it must be calibrated in accordance with the instructions in this section.

In order to insure that high quality, accurate measurements are obtained at all times, the M200AU must be calibrated prior to use. A quality assurance program centered on this aspect and including attention to the built-in warning features of the M200AU, periodic inspection, regular zero/span checks and routine maintenance is paramount to achieving this.

In order to have a better understanding of the factors involved in assuring continuous and reliable information from the M200AU, it is strongly recommended that Publication No. PB 273518 Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems (abbreviated, Q.A. Handbook) be purchased from the NTIS (phone 703-487-4650). Special attention should be paid to Section 2.3 which deals with chemiluminescent based NO2 analyzers and upon which most of this section is based. Specific regulations regarding the use and operation of ambient oxides of nitrogen analyzers can be found in 40 CFR 50 and 40 CFR 58. Both publications are available from the U.S. Government Printing Office (phone 202-783-3238).

7.6.1 Calibration of Equipment

In general, calibration is the process of adjusting the gain and offset of the M200AU against some recognized standard. The reliability and usefulness of all data derived from any analyzer depends primarily upon its state of calibration. In this section the term dynamic calibration is used to express a multipoint check against known standards and involves introducing gas samples of known concentration into the instrument in order to adjust the instrument to a predetermined sensitivity and to produce a calibration relationship. This relationship is derived from the instrumental response to successive samples of different known concentrations. As a minimum, three reference points and a zero point are recommended to define this relationship. The true values of the calibration gas must be traceable to NIST-SRM's (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook).

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

All monitoring instrument systems are subject to some drift and variation in internal parameters and cannot be expected to maintain accurate calibration over long periods of time. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically check the calibration relationship on a predetermined schedule. Zero and span checks must be used to document that the data remains within control limits. These checks are also used in data reduction and validation. Table 7-9 summarizes the initial quality assurance activities for calibrating equipment. Table 7-10 is a matrix for the actual dynamic calibration procedure.

Table 7-9: Activity Matrix for Calibration Equipment and Supplies

Equipment/ Supplies

Recorder Compatible with output

Sample line and manifold

Calibration equipment

Working standard NO cylinder gas or NO

permeation tube

Recording forms

Audit equipment

Acceptance Limits

signal of analyzer; min chart width of 150 mm (6 in) is recommended

Constructed of PTFE, glass, or stainless steel

Meets guide line reference 1 and Section 2.3.2(Q. A. Handbook)

Traceable to NIST-SRM Meets limits in traceability protocol for accuracy and stability. (Section 2.0.7, Q. A. Handbook)

Develop standard forms N/A Revise forms as appropriate

Must not be the same as used for calibration

Frequency And Method Of Measurement

Check upon receipt Return equimpent to

Check upon receipt Return equipment to

See Section 2.3.9 (Q. A. Handbook)

Analyzed against NISTSRM; see protocol in Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook

System must be checked out against known standards

Action If Requirements Are Not Met

supplier

Return equipment/ supplies to supplier or take corrective action

Obtain new working standard and check for traceability

Locate problem and correct or return to supplier

Calibrations should be carried out at the field monitoring site. The Analyzer should be in operation for at least several hours (preferably overnight) before calibration so that it is fully warmed up and its operation has stabilized. During the calibration, the M200AU should be in the CAL mode, and therefore sample the test atmosphere through all components used during normal ambient sampling and through as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable. If the instrument will be used on more than one range, it should be calibrated separately on each applicable range (See Section 7.7). Calibration documentation should be maintained with each analyzer and also in a central backup file.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-10: Activity Matrix for Calibration Procedure

Equipment/ Supplies

Calibration gases

Acceptance Limits

Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1 (Q.A. Handbook)

Dilution gas Zero air, free of

contaminants; TAD Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1 (Q.A. Handbook)

Multi-point calibration (GPT)

< 2 minutes PR >

1. t

2.75 ppm/min

2. Use calibration procedure in Subsection 2.4 (Q.A. Handbook); also TAD and Federal Register

3. Converter efficiency > 96%

and

Frequency And Method Of Measurement

Assayed against an NIST-SRM quarterly, Sec. 2.0.7, (Q.A. Handbook)

See TAD

Method

Return to supplier or take

1. Sect. 7.6.4 (this manual)

2. Section 7.6.5.3 (this

manual), TAD Federal Register Figure 7-2; see Section 7.6.7 for frequency

and

Action If Requirements Are Not Met

Working gas standard is unstable, and/or measurement method is out of control; take corrective action such as obtaining new calibration gas.

appropriate action with generation system

1. Adjust flow conditions and/or reaction chamber volume to meet suggested limits

2. Repeat the calibration

3. Replace or service the converter

3. Subsection 7.6.6 (this manual)

7.6.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources

Production of Zero Air

Due to the high sensitivity of the M200AU special care must be taken to assure that the zero air has extremely low levels of pollutants. We recommend using Ultra Zero Air, which is commonly used for gas chromatographic applications. If other zero air sources are used, the NO concentration should be < 1 ppt (0.001 ppb) and the concentration of interferent gasses should be < 1 ppt (0.001 ppb) for the sum total of all interferents.

Devices that condition ambient air by drying and removal of pollutants are available on the commercial market such as the Teledyne API Model 701 Zero Air Module. We recommend this type of device for generating zero air. Detailed procedures for generating zero air are in TAD2.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Selection of NO span gas standards

The NIST-SRM's provide references against which all calibration gas mixtures must be compared (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook). The procedure requires the comparison of the concentration of a commercial, working calibration standard to an NIST-SRM. This is described in Subsection 7.1 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. Subsections 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 describe the verification and re-analysis of cylinder gases.

Care must be taken to assure that no oxygen is allowed in the NO tank, regulator, or sample lines. If oxygen is present, it reacts with NO to produce NO2, which can lead to significant errors in NO concentration measurement.

It is good practice to request a NOx analysis from the supplier of the NO calibration gas. Generally the maximum NO2 impurity that should be allowed is 1% of the NO concentration. The NO2 impurity in the NO standard can be measured by the M200AU. A procedure is given in the TAD for NO2 measurement.

Use of NO2 permeation tubes as standards

The steps required to compare the concentration of a commercial working calibration standard to an NIST-SRM are described in Subsection 7.3.3 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. See Subsection 7.3.6 for the re-analysis of permeation tubes.

7.6.3 Data Recording Device

Either a strip chart recorder, data acquisition system, digital data acquisition system should be used to record the data from the M200AU RS-232 port or analog outputs. If analog readings are being used, the response of that system should be checked against a NIST referenced voltage source or meter. Data recording device should be capable of bi-polar operation so that negative readings can be recorded.

7.6.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System

7.6.4.1 Gas Phase Titration (GPT

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) with serial dilution is recommended for checking the converter efficiency and NO2 channel linearity of the M200AU. Those using a NO2 permeation tube should refer to TAD.2

The principle of GPT is based on the rapid gas phase reaction between NO and O3 which produces stoichiometric quantities of NO2 as shown by the following equation:

ONOONO

223

+→+

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Given that the NO concentration is known for this reaction, the resultant concentration of NO2 can be determined. Ozone is added to excess NO in a dynamic calibration system, and the NO channel of the chemiluminescent analyzer detects the changes in NO concentration. After the addition of O3, the observed decrease in NO concentration on the calibrated NO channel is equivalent to the concentration of NO2 produced. The amount of NO2 generated may be varied by adding varying amounts of O3 from a stable O3 generator. All zero air used in this procedure should conform to the requirements stated in Section 7.

Dynamic calibration systems based on this principle are commercially available such as the Teledyne API Model 700 Calibrator, or may be assembled by the user. A recommended calibration system is described in the Federal Register1 and detailed in TAD.2

7.6.4.2 GPT Calibrator Check Procedure

It has been determined empirically that the NO-O3 reaction goes to completion (<1% residual O3) if the NO concentration in the reaction chamber (ppm) multiplied by the residence time (min.) of the reactants in the chamber is >2.75 ppm-min. The theory behind the development of this equation is in the Federal Register1 and in TAD.2

It is currently not known whether this relationship holds up at the extremely low concentrations of which the M200AU is capable. We therefore recommend that the GPT procedure be carried out at the normal flow-rate and concentrations encountered in ambient air monitoring, then performing a serial dilution of the resultant gas stream to get the low concentration values.

The following procedures and equations should be used to determine whether an existing GPT calibration system will meet required conditions for a specific calibration.

For calibrators that have known pre-set flow rates, use equations 7-5 and 7-6 of steps 7 and 8 (below) to verify the required conditions. If the calibrator does not meet specifications, follow the complete procedure to determine what flow modifications must be made.

1. Select a NO standard gas that has a nominal concentration in the range of 50 to 100 ppm. Determine the exact concentration [NO]

by referencing against an NIST-SRM, as

STD

discussed in Section 2.0.7 (Q.A. Handbook).

2. Determine the volume (cm3) of the calibrator reaction chamber (VRC). If the actual volume is not known, estimate the volume by measuring the approximate dimensions of the chamber and using an appropriate formula.

3. Determine the required minimum total flow output (FT) using Equation 7-1:

FT = analyzer flow demand (cm3/min) x 110/100 Equation 7-1

If more than one analyzer is to be calibrated at the same time, multiply FT by the number of analyzers.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4. Calculate the NO concentration [NO]

needed to approximate 90% of the URL of the NO2

OUT

analyzer to be calibrated, using Equation 7-2:

[NO]

5. Calculate the NO flow (FNO) required to generate the NO concentration [NO]

= URL of analyzer (ppm) x 90/100 Equation 7-2

OUT

, using

Equation 7-3:

]

OUT

]

STD

Equation 7-3

[NO

6. Calculate the required flow through the ozone generator (FO), using Equation 7-4:

min-ppm 2.75

Equation 7-4

[NO

]

STD

7. Verify that the residence time (tR) in the reaction chamber is <2 min, using Equation 7-5:

min2

≤

NOO

Equation 7-5

8. Verify that the dynamic parameter specification (PR) of the calibrator's reaction chamber is >2.75 ppm-min using Equation 7-6:

[]

NOP

STDR

×=

NOO

75.2

≥

Equation 7-6

NOTE

If tr is >2 minutes or if PR is <2.75 ppm-min, changes in flow conditions

(FT, FO, FNO) or in the reaction chamber volume (VRC), or both will

have to be made, and tr and PR will have to be re-calculated.

9. After equations 7-5 and 7-6 are satisfied, calculate the diluent air flow (FD) using Equation 7-7:

FD = FT - FO - FNO Equation 7-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.4.3 Example Calculation

Following is an example calculation that can be used to determine whether an existing GPT calibrator will meet the required conditions for a specific calibration. For this example, it is assumed that only the volume of the reaction chamber, VRC, and the concentration of the NO standard, [NO]

, are known. All flow settings (FNO, FO, FT, and FD) will be calculated. In many

STD

uses, these flow settings are known and need only to be substituted in Equations 7-5 and 7-6 to verify the required conditions. Before doing any calculations, the URL and flow demand of the analyzer being calibrated must be known. For the M200AU:

Upper range limit = 0.5 ppm

Flow demand = 1000 cm3/min.

Volume of calibrator reaction chamber is determined by physical measurement:

VRC = 180 cm3

The concentration of the NO standard gas to be used is determined by reference against an NIST-SRM (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook):

[NO]

= 50.5 ppm

STD

1. Determine the total flow (FT) required at the output manifold using Equation 7-1:

FT = 1000 cm3/min (110/100) = 1100 cm3/min

Because low flows are difficult to control and measure, it is often advantageous to set a higher total flow than needed. In this example, we will let FT = 3300 cm3/min

2. Determine the NO conc, [NO]

, required at the output manifold, using Equation 7-2:

OUT

[NO]

3. Calculate the NO flow (FNO) required to generate [NO]

= 0.5 ppm (90/100) = 0.45 ppm

OUT

, using Equation 7-3:

OUT

min/

3300ppm45.0

ppm5.50

4. Calculate the required flow rate through ozone generator (FO) using Equation 7-4:

50.5 ppm x 2

2.75 ppm -

9494. min

/ x 180

- 2

min

. min

= cm/ - 2 cm/ = 2

97180 9 4 82

62 3 3

min

. min min

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5. Verify that the residence time (tR) in the reaction chamber is <2 min using Equation 7-5:

= t

282

180

5.29min/

min/

min58.0

6. Verify the dynamic parameter specification (PR) of the calibrator reaction chamber using Equation 7-6:

min/

4.29min/

min/

282

ppm5.50= P

282

4.29

180

min/

4.29min/

7. Calculate the diluent air flow (FD) required at the mixing chamber, using Equation 7-7:

FD = 3300 cm3/min - 282 cm3/min –29.4 cm3/min = 2988.6 cm3/min

7.6.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure

The procedure for calibration of chemiluminescent NOx analyzers by GPT is specified in the Federal Register.1 This section applies the general procedure to the specific case of the M200AU.

ppm75.2

Calibration must be performed with a calibrator that meets all conditions specified in Subsection

2.3.2 (Q.A. Handbook). Flow settings used in the GPT calibration for NO2 must be determined

as illustrated in Section 7.6.4, this manual.

The user should be sure that all flow meters are calibrated under the conditions of use against a reliable standard. All volumetric flow rates should be corrected to 25oC (78oF) and 760 mm (29.92 in.) Hg. Calibrations of flow meters are discussed in TAD.2

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) requires the use of the NO channel of the analyzer to determine the amount of NO2 generated by titration. Therefore it is necessary to calibrate and determine the linearity of the NO channel before proceeding with the NO2 calibration. It is also necessary to calibrate the NOx channel. This can be done simultaneously with the NO calibration. During the calibration the M200AU should be operating in its normal sampling mode, and the test atmosphere should pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other components used during normal ambient sampling and as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable. All operational adjustments to the M200AU should be completed prior to the calibration. The following software features must be set into the desired state before calibration.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

1. Automatic Converter Efficiency compensation. See Sections 7.6.6, this manual.

2. Independent range selection. See Sections 5.3.4 and 7.7, this manual.

3. Automatic temperature/pressure compensation. See Table 9-5.

4. Alternate units, make sure ppb units are selected for EPA monitoring. See Section

5.3.4.5.

5. Autoranging option. See Section 5.3.4.2.

Converter efficiency should be set prior to calibration since its value is used in the computation of the NOx and NO2 concentration outputs.

The analyzer should be calibrated on the same range used for monitoring.

If AutoRanging or Independent range options are selected the highest of the ranges will result in the most accurate calibration, and should be used.

Make sure the GPT calibration system can supply the range of concentrations at a sufficient flow over the whole range of concentrations that will be encountered during calibration.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 7-2: Diagram of GPT Calibration System

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Teledyne 200AU User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual