Tektronix tds2014 schematic

TDS1000B and TDS2000B Series
Digital Storage Oscilloscope
User Manual

Revision A

www.tektronix.com

071-1817-00

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights re
owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by n a tio nal
copyright laws and international treaty provisions.

Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending.
Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously p ublished
material. Specifications and pr

TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

OpenChoice™ is a registered trademark of Tektronix, Inc.

served. Licensed software products are

ice change privileges reserved.

PictBridge™ is a registered tr
Products Association CIPA DC-001-2003 Digital Photo Solutions fo r Imaging
Devices.

ademark of the Standard of Camera & Imaging

Contacting Tektronix

Tektronix, Inc.
14200 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA

For product information, sales, service, and technical support:

In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.

TDS1000B and TDS2000B Oscilloscopes

Warranty 18 – Limited Lifetime Warranty

Tektronix warrants to the original end user purchaser (“original purchaser”) of the product
listed below that the product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for
the lifetime of the product. As used herein, “lifetime of the product” is defined as a

period ending five (5) years after Tektronix discontinues manufacturing the product
(as determined by Tektronix), but the warranty period shall be at least ten (10) years
from the date of purchase of the product by the original purchaser from Tektronix or
an authorized Tektronix distributor. This limited lifetime warranty only applies to
the original purchaser and is not transferable. In the event of a warranty claim under

the limited lifetime warranty, the purchaser must provide satisfactory evidence of the date
of purchase from Tektronix or an authorized Tektronix distributor and that it is the original
purchaser. In the event of the sale or other transfer of the product by the original purchaser
to a third party within three (3) years of the date of purchase of the product by the original
purchaser, the warranty period shall be three (3) years from the date of purchase of the
product by the original purchaser from Tektronix or an authorized Tektronix distributor.
Probes and other accessories and batteries and fuses are not covered by this warranty.

If the product proves defective during the applicable warranty period, Tektronix, at its
option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will
provide a replacement of an equivalent product (as determined by Tektronix) in exchange
for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for
warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts,
modules and products become the property of Tektronix.

As used hereafter, “Customer” refers to the person or entity asserting rights under this
warranty. In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix
of the defect before the expiration of the applicable warranty period and make suitable
arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging
and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, shipping
charges prepaid and with a copy of proof of purchase by the original purchaser. Tektronix
shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within
the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible
for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned
to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by accident, ordinary
wear and tear of mechanical components, use outside of the p roduct’s specifications,
improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not
be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from
attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the
product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible
equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix
supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other
products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty
of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE
PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’
RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE
SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR
BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NO T BE
LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

P2220 Probe

Warra nty 2

Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and
workmanship for a period of one (1)
proves defective during this w arranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair
the defective product without ch
in exchange for t he defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by
Tektronix for warranty work may
replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.

In order to obtain service under this w arranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the
defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the
performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the
defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges
prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to
a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer
shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges
for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or
improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish
service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other
than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage
resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any
damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a
product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such
modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS
PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
TEKTRONIX AND
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’
RESPONSIBIL
SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR
BREACH OF TH
LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES I
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

ITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE

RRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS

GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE

ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

IS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE

year from the date of s hipment. If any such product

arge for parts and labor, or w ill provide a replacement

be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All

Table of Contents

General Safety Summary .............................. ................. iv

Environmental Considerations ...... .................................. vii

Preface......................................................... ........... ix

Help System ..................... .................................... x

Firmware Updates Through the Internet ....................... .. xi

Conventions........................................ ................ xii

Getting Started ................................................ ............ 1

General Features.................................................. ... 1

Installation

Functional Check............. ....................................... 4

Probe Safety ...... ................................................... 5

Voltage Probe Check Wizard ................................. ...... 5

Manual Probe Compensation....................................... 7

Probe Attenuation Setting ................................. ......... 8

Current Probe Scaling.............. ................................. 8

Self Calibration....................................... ............... 9

Operating Basics.............................................. .......... 11

Display Area ....................................... ................ 12

Using the Menu System ............................. ............. 15

Vertical Controls.................................................. . 16

Horizontal Controls ......................... ...................... 17

Trigger Controls ............................................... .... 18

Menu and Control Buttons .............. ......................... 19

Input Connectors ......................... ......................... 22

Other Front-Panel Items ....................... ................... 23

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions............................... 25

Setting Up the Oscilloscope ............. ......................... 25

Triggering .......................................... ................ 26

Acquiring Signals ..................... ............................ 29

Scaling and Positioning Waveforms ............. ................ 30

Taking Measurements........... .................................. 34

................................... ........................ 3

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual i

Table of Contents

Application Examples...................................... ............ 37

Taking Simple Measurements .............................. ...... 38

Using Autorange to Examine a Series of Test Points........... 43

Taking Cursor Measurements .................. .................. 44

Analyzing Signal Detail .................................... ...... 48

Capturing a Single-Shot Signal . ................................. 51

Measuring Propagation Delay.................................... 53

Triggering on a Specific Pulse Width.......... .................. 54

Triggering on a Video Signal......................... ............ 56

Analyzing a Differential Communication Signal ............... 61

Viewing Impedance Changes in a Network......... ............ 63

Math FFT..................................... ........................... 67

Setting Up the Time-Domain Waveform ........................ 67

Displaying the FFT Spectrum ........................... ......... 69

Selecting an FFT Window..................................... ... 70

Magnifying and Positioning an FFT Spectrum ................. 74

Measuring an FFT Spectrum Using Cursors .................... 75

USB Flash Drive and Device Ports ................. .................. 77

USB Flash Drive Port ....................................... ...... 77

File Management Conventions................................... 79

Saving and Recalling Files With a USB Flash Drive........... 80

Using the Save Function of th e PRINT Front Panel Button .. . 82

USB Device Port ........ .......................................... 85

Installing the PC Communications Software on a PC.......... 85

Connecting to a PC................................................ 86

Connecting to a GPIB System.................................... 89

Command Entry .................. ................................. 89

Connecting to a Printer ...................... ..................... 90

Printing a Screen Image ......... ................................. 90

Reference.......... ................................................... ... 93

Acquire...................... ....................................... 93

Autorange................... ....................................... 96

Autoset ................... .......................................... 98

Cursor ....................... ...................................... 102

Default Setup ..................... ................................ 103

ii TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Table of Contents

Display ..................... ....................................... 103

Help ...... ................................................... ...... 107

Horizontal........................... .............................. 107

Math ............................................. .................. 109

Measure ........... ................................................ 111

Print .................. ............................................. 112

Probe Check .............................. ........................ 113

Ref Menu. ................................................... ...... 114

Save/Recall . .. . . . . ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. 114

Trigger Controls ............................................... ... 121

Utility...................................... ........................ 128

Vertical Controls.................................................. 132

Appendix A: Specifications................ ........................... 135

Oscilloscope Specifications...................................... 135

Oscilloscope Certifications and Compliances.................. 148

P2220 Probe Specifications...................................... 153

Appendix B: Accessories .......................................... ... 157

Appendix C: Cleaning .................. .............................. 161

General Care .................................... .................. 161

Cleaning.................... ....................................... 161

Appendix D: Default Setup........................................... 163

Appendix E: Font Licenses................... ........................ 167

Index

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual iii

General Safety Summary

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent
damage to this product or any products connected to it.

To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury

Use Proper Power Cord. Use only the power cord specified for this

product and certified for the country of u se.

Connect and Disconnect Properly. Connect the probe ou tput to the

measurement instrument before connecting the probe to the circuit
under test. Connect the pro
before connecting the probe input. Disconnect the probe input and the
probe reference lead from the circuit under test before disconnecting
the probe from the measure

Ground the Product. This product is grounded t hroug h the grounding

conductor of the power co
conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making
connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure that
the product is properl

be reference lead to the circuit under test

ment instrument.

rd. To avoid electric shock, the grounding

y grounded.

Observe All Terminal Ratings. To a v o id fire or shock hazard, observe all

ratings and markings
further ratings information before making connections to the product.

Connect the probe re

Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common
terminal, that exce

Power Disconnect. The power switch discon nects the product from the

power source. See in
switch; it must remain accessible to the user at all tim es.

Do Not Operate With

or panels removed.

iv TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

on the product. Consu lt the product manual for

ference lead to earth ground only.

eds the maximum rating of that terminal.

structions for the location. Do not block the power

out Covers.

Do not operate this product with covers

General Safety S um mary

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect that there is

damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.

Avoid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed co nnection s and

components when power is present.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.

Do Not Operate in an Explos ive Atmosphere.

Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.

Provide Proper Ventilation.

Refer to the manual’s installation instructions

for details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual v

General Safety Summary

Terms in this Manual

These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could

result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could

result in damage to this product or other property.

Symbols and Terms on the Product

These terms may appear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you
read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible
as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:

vi TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Environmental Considerations

This section provides informati
the product.

on about the environmental impact of

Product End-of-Life Handling

Observe the following guidelines when recycling an instrument or
component:

Equipment Recycling. Production of this equipment required the

extraction and use of natural resources. The equipment may contain
substances that could be harmful to the environment or human health
if improperly handled at th e product’s end of l ife. In o rder to a void
release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the use
of natural resources, we encourage you to recycle this product in an
appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are reused
or recycled appropriately.

The symbol shown below indicates that this product complies with the
European Union’s requirements according to Directive 2002/96/EC on
waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). For informatio n
about recycling options, check the S upport/Service section of the
Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com).

Mercury Notification. This product uses an LCD back light lamp that

contains mercury. Disposal may be regulated due to environmental
considerations
United States, the Electronics Industries Alliance (ww w.eiae.org) for
disposal or recyclin g information.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual vii

. Please contact your local authorities or, within the

Environmental Considerations

Restriction of Hazardous Substances

This product has been classified as Monitoring and Control equipment,
and is outside the scope of the 2002/95/EC RoHS Directive. This
product is known to contain l ead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent
chromium.

viii TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Preface

This manual contains operating information for the TDS1000B and
TDS2000B Series Digital Storage Oscilloscopes. The manual con sists
of the following chapters:

Preface

The Getting Started chapter briefly describes features of the
oscilloscope and provides installation instructions.

The Operating Basics chapter covers operatin g principles of the
oscilloscopes.

The Understanding Oscilloscope Functions chapter describes
basic operations and function s of an oscilloscope: setting up the
oscilloscope, triggering, acquiring data, scaling and positioning
waveforms, and taking measurements.

The Application Exam ples chapter provides examples on how to
solve a variety of measurement problems.

The Math FFT chapter describes how to use the Math Fast Fourier
Transform function to convert a time-domain signal into its
frequency components (spectrum).

The USB Flash Drive and Device Ports chapter describes how to
use the USB Flash Drive port and how to connect th e oscilloscope
to printers and computers through the USB Device port.

The Reference chapter describes the selections or available range of
values for each option.

The Appendix A: Specifications chapter includes electrical,
environmental, and physical specifications for the oscilloscope and
the P2220 probe, as well as certifications and compliances.

The Appendix B: Accessories chapter briefly describes standard
and optional accessories.

The Appendix C: Cleaning chapter describes how to take care of
the oscilloscope.

The Appen dix D: Default Setup chapter contains a list of the menus
and controls with the default (factory) settings that are recalled
when you push the DEFAULT SETUP front-panel button.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual ix

Preface

The Appendix E: Font Licenses chapter provides the licenses to
use specific Asian fonts.

Help System

The oscilloscope has a Help system with topics that cover all the
features of the oscilloscope. Yo u can use the Help system to display
several kinds of information:

General information about understanding and using the
oscilloscope, such as Using the Menu S ystem.

Information about specific menus and controls, such as the Vertical
Position Control.

Advice about problems you may face while using an oscilloscope,
such as Reducing Noise.

The Help system provides several ways to find the information you
need: context-sensitive help, hyperlinks, and an index.

Context-Sensitive Help

The oscilloscope displays information about the last menu displayed on
the screen when you push the HELP front-panel button. When viewing
help topics, a n LED light
that the knob is active. If the topic uses more than one page, turn the
multipurpose knob to move from page to pag e within the topic.

s next to the multipurpose k nob to ind icate

Hyperlinks

Most of the h elp topics contain phrases marked with angle brackets, such
as <Autoset>. These are links to other topics. Turn the m ultip urpose
knob to move the highlight from on e link to another. Push the Show
Topic option button to display the topic corresponding to th e highlighted
link. Push the Back option button to return to the previous to pic.

x TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillo sco pe User Manual

Index

Push the front-panel HELP button, then push the Index option button.
Push the Page Up or Page Down option buttons until you find the index
page that contains the topic you wan t to view. Turn the multipurpose
knob to highlight a help topic. Push the Show Topic option button to
display the topic.

NOTE. Push the Exit option button or any menu button to remove the Help

text from the screen and return to displaying waveforms.

Firmware Updates Through the Internet

If a newer version of firmware becomes available, you can use the
Internet and a USB flash drive to update your oscilloscope. If you do
not have access to the Internet, contact Tektronix for information on
update procedures.

To update the firmware from the Internet, follow these steps:

1. Push the UTILITY ► S ystem Status option, and write do wn the
firmware version number o f the oscilloscope.

2. From your computer, access the www.tektronix.com web site and
check if a n ewer version of oscilloscope firmware is available.

Preface

3. If there is a newer version of firmware, download the firm war e
file from th e web page.

You may need to unzip the dow nlo aded file.

4. Copy the TDS1K2KB.TEK firmware file to the root fol der of a
USB flash drive.

5. Insert the USB flash drive into the USB Flash Drive port on the
front of the oscilloscope.

6. From your oscilloscope, p ush the UTILITY ► File Utiliti es ►

- more - page 2 of 2 ► Update Firmware option button.

It takes several minutes to update the firmware.

Your oscillosco pe w ill prom pt yo u to press a button when the firmware
update is complete. You must not remove the U SB flash drive, or power
off the oscilloscope until the firmware update is complete.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual xi

Preface

Conventions

This manual uses the follow ing conventions:

Front-panel buttons, knobs and connectors appear in all uppercase
letters. For example: HELP, PRINT.

Menu options appear with the first letter of each word in upper case.
For example: Peak Detect, Window Zone.

Multipurpose knob

Front-panel buttons and knob labels

— All upper case

Option buttons — First letter of each word on screen is upper case

NOTE. Option buttons may also be called screen buttons, side-menu

buttons, bezel buttons, or soft keys.

The ► delimiter s

eparates a series of button pushes. For example,
UTILITY ► Options ► Set Date and Time means that you
push the UTILITY front-panel button, then push the Options
option button,

and then push the Set Date and Time option button.
Multiple pushes of an option button may be requ ir ed to select the
desired option.

xii TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillosco pe User Manual

Getting Started

TDS1000B and TDS2000B Series Dig
are small, lightweight, benchtop oscilloscope you can use to take
ground-referenced measurements.

This chapter describes how to do the following tasks:

Install your product

Perform a brief functional check

Perform a probe check and compensate probes

Match your probe attenuation f

Use the self calibration routine

NOTE. You can select a language to display on the screen when you power

on the oscilloscope. A t any time, you can also acc ess the UTILITY ►
Language option to select a language.

General Features

The next table and list describe the general features.

Model Channels Bandwidth Sample rate Display

TDS1001B

TDS1002B

TDS1012B

TDS2002B

TDS2004B

TDS2012B

TDS2014B

TDS2022B

TDS2024B

ital Storage Oscilloscopes

actor

240MHz

260MHz

2 100 MHz

260MHz

460MHz

2 100 MHz

4 100 MHz

2 200 MHz

4 200 MHz

500 MS/s

1.0 GS/s

1.0 GS/s

1.0 GS/s Color

1.0 GS/s Color

1.0 GS/s Color

1.0 GS/s Color

2.0 GS/s Color

2.0 GS/s Color

Monochrome

Monochrome

Monochrome

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 1

Getting Started

Context-sensitive help system

Color or monochrome LCD display

Selectable 20 MHz bandwidth limit

2500 point record length for each channel

Autoset

Autoranging

Probe Check Wizard

Setup and waveform storage

USB Flash Drive port for file storage

Direct printing to any PictBridge compatible print er

PC communications through the USB Device port with OpenChoice
PC Communications software

Connect to a GPIB controller through an optional TEK-USB-488
adapter

Cursors with readouts

Trigger frequ ency readout

Eleven automatic measurements

Waveform averaging and peak detection

Dual time base

Math functions: +, -, and × operations

Math Fast Fourier Transform (FF T)

Pulse Width trigger capability

Video trigger capability with line-selectable triggering

External trigger

Variable persistence display

User interface and help topics in ten languages

2 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillo sco pe User Manual

Installation

Power Cord

Use only the power cord provided with your oscilloscope. Appendix B :
Accessories lists the standard and the optional accessories.

Power Source

Getting Started

Use a power source that delivers 90 to 264 VAC
you have a 400 Hz power so urce, it m ust deliver 90 to 132 VA C

,45to66Hz. If

RMS

RMS

,

360to440Hz.

Security Loop

Use a standard laptop computer security lock, or thread a security cable
through the built-in cable chan nel to secure your oscilloscope to your
location.

Security cable channel Security lock hole

Power cord

Ventilation

NOTE. The oscilloscope cools by conv ection. Keep two inches clear on the

sides and top of the product to allow adequate air flow.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 3

Getting Started

Functional Check

Perform this functional check to verify that your oscilloscope is
operating correctly.

ON/OFF button

DEFAULT SETUP button

PROBE COMP

1. Power on the oscilloscope.

Push the DEFAULT SETUP button.

The default Probe option attenua
setting is 10X.

2. Set the switch to 10X on the P2220
probe and connect the probe to channel
1 on the oscilloscope. To do this, align
the slot in the probe co nnector with the
key on the CH 1 BNC, push to connect,
and twist to the right to lock the probe
in place.

Connect the probe tip and referenc e
lead to the PROBE COMP terminals.

tion

3. Push the AUTOSET button. Within
a few seconds, you should see a
square wave in the display of about 5V
peak-to-peak at 1 kHz.

Push the CH1 MENU button on the
front panel twice to remove channel 1,
push the CH 2 MENU button to display
channel 2, and repeat steps 2 and 3.
For 4-channel models, repeat for CH 3
and CH 4.

4 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillo sco pe User Manual

Probe Safety

Check and observe probe ratings before using probes.

A guard arou nd the P2220 probe body provides a finger barrier for
protection from electric shock.

WARNING. To avoid electric shock when using the probe, keep fingers

behind the guard on the probe body.

Getting Started

Finger guard

To avoid electric shoc
of the probe head whil

Connect the probe to the oscilloscope, and connect the ground terminal
to ground before yo u take any measurements.

k while using the probe, do not touch metallic portions

e it is connected to a voltage source.

Vo ltage Probe Check Wizard

You can use the Probe Check Wizard to verify that a voltage probe is
operating properly. The wizard does not support current prob es.

The wizard helps you adjust the compensation for voltage probes
(usually with a screw on the probe body or probe connector) and set the
factor for the Attenuation option for each channel, such as in the CH 1
MENU ► Probe ► Vo l ta g e ► Attenuation option.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 5

Getting Started

You should use the Probe Check Wizard each time you connect a
voltage probe to an input channel.

To use the Probe Check Wizard, push the PROBE CHECK button . If
the voltage probe is connected properly, compensated properly, and the
Attenuation option in the oscilloscope VERTICAL menu is set to match
the probe, the oscilloscope displays a PASSED message at the bottom
of the screen. Otherwise, the oscilloscope displays directions on the
screen to guide you in correcting these problems.

NOTE. The Probe Check Wizard is useful for 1X, 10X, 20X, 50X, and 100X

probes. It is not useful for 500X or 1000 X probes, or for probes connected
to the EXT TRIG BNC.

NOTE. When the process is complete, the Probe C heck Wizard restores the

oscilloscope se ttings (other than the Probe option) to what they were before
you pushed the PROBE CHECK button.

To compensate a probe that you plan to use with the EXT TRIG input,
follow these steps:

1. Connect the probe to any input channel BNC, such as to CH 1.

2. Push the PROBE CHECK button and follow the directions on

the screen.

3. After you verify that the probe functions and is compensated
properly, connect the probe to the EXT TRIG BNC.

6 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillo sco pe User Manual

Manual Probe Compensation

As an alternative method to the Pro be Check Wizard, you can manually
perform this adjustment to match your probe to the input channel.

Getting Started

PROBE

COMP

Overcompensated

Undercompensated

Compensated correctly

AUTOSET

button

1. Push the CH 1 MENU ► Probe ►
Vol tage ► Attenuation option and

select 10X. Set the switch to 10X on the
P2220 probe and connect the probe to
channel 1 on the oscilloscope. If you
use the probe hook-tip, ensure a proper
connection by firmly inserting the tip
onto the probe.

2. Attach the probe tip to the PROBE
COMP ~5V@1kHz terminal and the
reference lead to the PROBE COMP
chassis terminal. Display the channel,
and then push the AUTOSET button.

3. Check the shape of t
waveform.

4. If necessary, adjust your probe. The
P2220 probe is shown.

Repeat as necessary.

he displayed

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 7

Getting Started

Probe Attenuation Setting

Probes are available with various attenuation factors which affect the
vertical scale of the signal. The Probe Check Wizard verifies that the
attenuation factor in the oscilloscope matches the probe.

As an alternative method to Probe Check, you can m anually select the
factor that matches the attenuation of your probe. For example, to match
a probe set to 10X connected to CH 1, push the CH 1 MENU ► Probe
► Vo l t ag e ► Attenuation option, and select 10X.

NOTE. The default setting for the Attenuation option is 10X.

If you change the Attenu ati
need to change the oscilloscop e Attenuation option to match. Switch
settings are 1X and 10X.

NOTE. When the Attenuation switch is set to 1X, the P2220 probe limits the

bandwidth of the oscilloscope to 6 MHz. To use the full bandwidth of the
oscilloscope, be sure to set th e switch to 10X.

Current Probe Scaling

Current probes provide a voltage signal proportional to the current. You
need to set the oscilloscope to match the scale of your current probe.
The default scale is 10 A/V.

For example, to set the scale for a current probe connected to CH 1,
push the CH 1 MENU ► Probe ► Current ► Scale option, and
select an appropriate value.

on switch on the P2 220 probe, you also

Attenuation switch

8 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscillo sco pe User Manual

Self Calibration

The self calibration r outine lets you op timize the oscilloscope signal path
for maximum measurement accuracy. You can run the routine at any
time but you should always run the routine if the ambient temperature
changes by 5 ° C (9 °F) or more. The routine takes about two minutes.

For accurate calibration, power on the oscilloscope and wait twenty
minutes to ensure it is warmed u p.

To compensate the signal path, disconnect any probes or cables from the
input connectors. Then, access the UTILITY ► Do Self Cal option,
and follow the directions on the screen.

Getting Started

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 9

Getting Started

10 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Operating Basics

The front panel is divided into ea
chapter provides you with a quick overview of the controls and the
information displayed on the screen.

2-channel model

sy-to-use functional areas. This

4-channel model

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 11

Operating Basics

Display Area

In addition to displaying waveforms, the display is filled with many
details about the waveform and the oscilloscope control settings.

NOTE. For details on displaying the FFT function, (See page 69, Displaying

the FFT Spectrum .)

1. Icon display shows acquisition mode.

Sample mode

Peak detect mode

Average mode

12 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Operating Basics

2. Trigger status indicates the following:

The oscilloscope is acquiring pretrigger data. All
triggers are ignored in this state.

All pretrigger data has been acquired a nd the
oscilloscope is ready to accept a trigger.

The oscilloscope has seen a trigger and is acquiring
the posttrigger data.

The oscilloscope has stopped acquiring waveform
data.

The oscilloscope has compl
acquisition.

The oscilloscope is in auto mode and is acquiring
waveforms in the absence of triggers.

The oscilloscope is acquiring and displaying
waveform data continuously in scan mode.

eted a Single Sequence

3. Marker shows horizontal trigger p osition. Turn the HORIZONTAL
POSITION knob to adjust the position of the marker.

4. Readout shows the time at the center gr aticule. The trigger time
is zero.

5. Marker shows Edge or Pulse Width trigger level.

6. On-screen markers sh

ow the ground reference points of the
displayed waveforms. If there is no m ark er, the channel is not
displayed.

7. An arrow icon indicates that the waveform is inverted.

8. Readouts show the v

9. AB

icon indicates that the channel is bandwidth l im ited.

W

ertical scale factors of the channels.

10. Readout shows main time base setting.

11. Readout shows windo

w time base setting if it is in use.

12. Readout shows trigger source used for triggering.

13. Icon shows selected trigger type as follows:

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 13

Operating Basics

14. Readout shows Edge or Pulse Width trigger level.

15. Display area shows helpful messages; some messages display for

only three seconds.

If you recall a saved waveform, readout shows information about
the reference waveform, such as RefA 1.00V 500µs.

16. Readout shows date and time.

17. Readout shows trigger frequency.

Message Area

The oscilloscope displays a messag e area (item n umber 15 in the
previous figure) at the bottom of the screen that conveys the following
types of helpful information:

Edge trigger for the rising edge.

Edge trigger for the falling edge.

Video trigger for line sync.

Video trigger for field sync.

Pulse Width trigger, positive polarity.

Pulse Width trigger, negative polarity.

Directions to access another m enu, such as when you push the
TRIG MENU button:

For TRIGGER HOLDOFF, go to HORIZONTAL MENU

Suggestion of what you might want to do next, such as when you
push the MEASURE button:

Push an option button to change its measurement

Information about the action th e oscilloscope performe d, such as
when you push the DEFAULT SETUP button:

Default setup recalled

Information about the waveform, such as when you push the
AUTOSET butto n:

Square wave or pulse detected on CH1

14 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Using the Menu System

The user interface of the oscilloscopes was designed for easy access to
specialized functions through the menu structure.

When you push a front-panel button, the oscilloscope displays the
corresponding menu on the right side of the screen. The menu shows the
options that are available when you push the unlabeled option buttons
directly to the right of the s creen .

The oscilloscope uses several methods to display menu options:

Page (Submenu) Selection: For some m enus, you can use the top
option button to choose two or three submenus. Each time you
push the top butto n, the optio ns change. For example, when you
push t he top button in the TRIGG E R M enu, the oscilloscope cycles
through the Edge, Video, and Pulse Width trigger submenus.

Circular List: The oscillosco pe sets the parameter to a different
value each time you push the option button. For example, you can
push the CH 1 MENU button and then push the top option button to
cycle through the Vertical (channel) Coupling options.

In some lists, you can use the multipurpose knob to select an option.
A hint line tells you when the multipurpose knob can be used, and
an LED by the multipu rp ose knob lights wh en the knob is active.
(See page 19, Menu and Control Buttons.)

Operating Basics

Action: The oscilloscope displays the type of action that will
immediately occur when you push an Action option button. For
example, when the Help Index is visible, and you push the Page
Down option button, the oscilloscope imm edi a tely displays the
next page of index entries.

Radio: The oscilloscope uses a different button for each option.
The currently-selected option is highlighted. For example, the
oscilloscope displays various acquisition mode options wh en you
push the ACQUIRE Menu butto n. To select an option, push the
corresponding button.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 15

Operating Basics

Page Selection Circular List

TRIGGER CH1

Type

Edge

or or

TRIGGER CH1

Type

Video

or or

TRIGGER CH1

Type

Pulse

Vertical Controls

Coupling

DC

Coupling

AC

Coupling

Ground

Action Radio

HELP

Page

Up

Page

Down

ACQUIRE

Sample

Peak Detect

Average

All model s, 4-channel shown

POSITION (CH 1, CH 2, CH 3 & CH 4).

Positions a waveform vertically.

CH 1, CH 2, CH 3 & CH 4 MENU. Displays the Vertical menu selections

and toggles the display of the channel waveform on and o ff.

16 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

VOLTS/DIV (CH 1, CH 2, CH 3 & CH 4). Selects vertical scale factors.

MATH MENU. Displays waveform math operations menu and toggles the

display of the math waveform on and off.

Horizontal Controls

2-channel model 4-channel model

Operating Basics

POSITION.

Adjusts the horizontal position of all c han nel and math
waveforms. The resolution of this control varies with the time base
setting. (See page 109, Window Zone.)

NOTE. To make a large adjustment to the horizontal position, turn the

SEC/DIV knob to a larger value, change the horizontal position, and then
turn the SEC/DIV knob back to the previous value.

HORIZ MENU. Displays the Horizontal

SET TO ZERO. Sets the horizo ntal position to zero.

SEC/DIV. Selects the horizontal time/div (scale factor) f or the main or

Menu.

the window time base. When Window Zone is enabled, it changes the
width of the window zone by changing the w ind ow time base. (See
page 109, Window Zone.)

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 17

Operating Basics

Trigger Controls

2-channel mode l

4-channel model

LEVEL.

the amplitude level

TRIG MENU. Displays the Trigger Menu.

SET TO 50%. The trig

the peaks o f the trigger signal.

FORCE TRIG. Completes an acquisition regardless of an adequate trigger

signal. This button has no effect if the acquisition is already stopped.

TRIG VIEW. Displays the trigger waveform in place of the channel

waveform while
how the trigger settings affect the trigger signal, such as trigger coupling.

When you use an Edge or Pulse trigger, the LEVEL knob sets

that the signal must cross to acquire a waveform.

ger level is set to the vertical midpoin t between

you hold down the TRIG VIEW button. Use this to see

18 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Menu and Control Buttons

Multipurpose knob

Refer to the Reference chapter for detailed information on the menu
and button controls.

Multipurpose Knob. The function is determ ined by the displayed menu

or selected menu option. When active, the adjacent LED lights. The
next table lists the functions.

Active menu or
option Knob function Description

Cursor Cursor 1 or

Cursor 2

Display

Help

Horizontal

Math

Adjust Contrast Changes the contrast of the

Scroll Selects entries in the Index;

Holdoff Sets the amount of time before

Position

Vertica

lScale

Operating Basics

Positions the selected cursor

display

selects links in a topic; displays
the next or p revious page for a
topic

another trigger event can
be accepted;(See page 128,
Holdoff.)

Positions the Math waveform

Changes
wavefo

the scale of the Math

rm

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 19

Operating Basics

Active menu or
option Knob function Description

Measure Type

Save/Recall

Trigger

Utility ► File
Utilities

Utility ► Options
► GPIB Setup ►
Address

ty ► Options

Utili
► Set D
Time

ate and

Selects the type of automatic
measurement for each source

Action

File selection

Source Selects the source when the

Video line
number

Pulse width

File selection

Name entry

Val ue e ntry

Val ue e ntry

Sets the transaction as save or
recall for setup files, waveform
files, and screen images

Selects setup, waveform, or
image files to save, or selects
setup or wave form files to recall

Trigger Type option is set to
Edge

Sets the oscilloscope to a
specific line number when the
Trigger Type option is set to
Video and the Sync option is
set to Line Number

Sets the width of the pulse
when the Trigger Type option is
set to Pulse

Selects files to rename or
delete;(See page 131, File

Utilities for the USB Flash
Drive.)

Renames the file or folder;
(See page 131, Rename File or
Folder.)

Sets the GPIB address for the
TEK-USB-488 adapter

he value for the date and

Sets t

(See pa ge 130 , Setting

time;

ate and Time.)

the D

20 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Operating Basics

Active menu or
option Knob function Description

Vertical ► Probe
► Voltage ►

Attenuation

Vertical ► Probe
► Current ► Scale

AUTORANGE. Displays the Autorange Menu, and activates or

Value entry

Value entry

For a channel menu (such
as the CH 1 MENU), sets
the attenuation factor in the
oscilloscope

For a of channel menu (such as
the CH 1 MENU), sets the scale
in the oscilloscope

deactivates the autoranging function. When autoranging is active, the
adjacent LED lights.

SAVE/RECALL. Displays the Save/Recall Menu for setups and

waveforms.

MEASURE. Displays the automated measurements menu.

ACQUIRE. Displays the Acquire Menu.

REF MENU. Displays the Reference Menu to quickly display and hide

reference waveforms stored in the oscilloscope non -volatile memory.

UTILITY. Displays the Utility Menu.

CURSOR. Displays the Cursor Menu. Cursors remain v isible (unless

the Type option is set to Off) after you leave the Cu rsor Menu but are
not adjustable.

DISPLAY. Displays the Display Men u.

HELP. Displays the Help Menu.

DEFAULT SETUP. Recalls the factory setup.

AUTOSET. Automatically sets the oscilloscope controls to produ ce a

usable display of the input sig nals.

SINGLE SEQ. Acquires a single waveform and then stops.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 21

Operating Basics

RUN/STOP. Continuously acq uires waveforms or stops the acquisitio n.

PRINT. Starts the print operation to a PictBridge compatib le printer, or

performs the SAVE function to the

SAVE. An LED indicates when the PRINT button is configured to save

data to the U SB flash drive.

Input Connectors

2-channel model

USB flash drive.

4-channel model

CH 1, CH 2, CH 3 & CH 4.

EXT TRIG. Input connector for an external trigger source. Use the

Trigger Menu to select the Ext, or Ext/5 trigger source. P ush and hold
the TRIG VIEW button to see how the trigger settings affect the trigger
signal, such as trigger coupling.

22 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

nput connectors for waveform display.

I

Other Front-Panel Items

USB Flash Drive Port. Insert a USB flash drive for data storage or

retrieval. The oscilloscope displays a clock symbol to indicate when the
flash drive is active. After a file is saved or retrieved, the oscilloscope
removes the clock, and displays a hint line to n otify y ou that the save or
recall operation is complete.

For flash drives with an LED, the LED blinks when saving data to or
retrieving data from the drive. Wait until the LED stops to remove the
drive.

Operating Basics

USB Flash Drive port

PROBE COMP. Probe co

to electrically match a voltage probe to the o scill oscope input circu it.
(See page 5, Voltage Probe Check Wizard.)(See page 7, Manual Probe
Compensation.)

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 23

mpensation output and chassis reference. Use

Operating Basics

24 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

This chapter contains general in
before you use an oscilloscope. To use your oscilloscope effectively,
you need to learn a bou t the following function s:

Setting up the oscilloscope

Triggering

Acquiring signals (waveforms)

Scaling and positioning waveforms

Measuring waveforms

The next figure shows a block diagram of the various functions of the
oscilloscope and their relati

formation that you need to understand

onships to each other.

Setting Up the Oscilloscope

You should become familiar with several functions that you may use
often when operating your oscilloscop e: Autoset, Autorange, saving a
setup, and recall

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 25

ing a setup.

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

Using Autoset

Each tim e you push the AUTOSET button, the Autoset function ob tains
a stable waveform display for you. It automatically adjusts the vertical
scale, horizontal scale and trigger settings. Autoset also displays several
automatic measurements in the graticule area, depending on the signal
type.

Using Autorange

Autorange is a continuous function that you can enable or disable. The
function adjusts setup values to track a signal w hen the signal exhibits
large changes or when you physically move the probe to a different
point.

Saving a Setup

The oscilloscope saves the current setup if y ou wait five seconds a fter
the last chang e before you power off the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope
recalls this setup the n e xt time you apply power.

You can use the SAVE/RECALL Menu to save up to ten different setups.

You can also save setups to a USB flash drive. The oscilloscope
accommodates a USB flash drive for removable data storage and
retrieval. (See page 7 7, USB Flash Drive Port.)

Recalling a Setup

The oscilloscope can recall the last setup before the oscilloscope was
powered off, any saved setups, or the d efault setup. (See page 114,
Save/Recall.)

Default Setup

The oscilloscope is set up for normal operation when it is shipped
from the factory. This is the default setup. To recall this setup, push
the DEFAULT SETUP button. To view the default settings, refer to
Appendix D: Default Setup.

Triggering

The trigger determines when the oscilloscope starts to acquire data
and to display a waveform. When a trigger is set up properly, the

26 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

oscilloscope converts unstable displays or blank screens into meaningful
waveforms.

Triggered waveform Untriggered wav eforms

For oscilloscope-specific descriptions, refer to the Operating Basics
chapter. (See page 18, Trigger Controls.) ReferalsototheReference
chapter. (See page 121, Trigger Controls.)

WhenyoupushtheRUN/STOPorSINGLESEQbuttontostartan
acquisition, the oscilloscope goes through the following steps:

1. Acquires enough data to fill the portion of the waveform record to

the left of the trigger point. This is called the pretrigger.

2. Continues to acquire data while waiting for the trigger condition

to occur.

3. Detects the trigg e r condition.

4. Continues to acquire data until the waveform record is full.

5. Displays the newly-acquired waveform.

NOTE. For Edge and Pulse triggers, the oscilloscope counts the rate at

which trigger events occur to determine trigger frequency. The oscilloscope
displays the frequency in the lower right corner of the screen.

Source

You can u se the Trigger Source options to select the signal that the
oscilloscope uses
(available on ly with Edge triggers), or any sign a l connected to a c hannel
BNC or to the EXT TRIG BNC.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 27

as a trigger. The source can be the AC power line

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

Types

The oscilloscope provides three ty pes of t rig gers: Edge, Video, and
Pulse Width.

Modes

You can select the Auto or the Normal trigger mode to define how the
oscilloscope acquires data when it doe s not detect a trigger condition.
(See page 122, Mode Options.)

To perform a single sequence acquisition, push the SINGLE SEQ button.

Coupling

You can use the Trigger Coupling option to determine which part of the
signal will pass to the trigger circuit. This can help you attain a stable
display of the waveform.

To use trigger coupling, push the TRIG MENU b utton, select an Edge
or Pulse trigger, and select a Coupling option.

NOTE. Trigger coupling affects only the signal passed to the trigger system.

It does not affect the bandwidth or coupling of the signal displayed on the
screen.

To view the conditioned signal being passed to the trigger circuit, push
and hold down the TRIG VIEW button.

Position

The horizon tal position control establishes the time between the
trigger and the screen center. Refer to Horizontal Scale and Position;
Pretrigger Information for information on how to use this control to
positionthetrigger. (Seepage30,Horizontal Scale and Position;
Pretrigger Information.)

Slope and Level

The Slope and Level controls help to define the trigger. The Slope option
(Edge trigger type only) determines whether the oscilloscope finds the
trigger point on the rising or the falling edge of a signal. The TRIGGER
LEVEL knob controls where on the edge the trigger point occurs.

28 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Trigger level can be

adjusted vertically

Acquiring Signals

When you acquire a signal, the osci lloscope converts it into a digital
form and displays a waveform. The acquisition mode defines how the
signal is digitized, and th
level of detail in the acquisition.

Acquisition Modes

There are three acquisition modes: Sample, Peak Detect, and Average.

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

Rising edge Falling edge

Trigger can be rising or falling

e time base setting affects the time span and

Sample. In this acquisition mo de, the oscilloscope sam ples the signal

in evenly spaced intervals to construct the waveform. This mode
accurately represents signals most of the time.

However, this mode does not acquire rapid variations in the signal that
may occur between samples. This can result in aliasing, and may cause
narrow pulses to be missed. In these cases, you should use the Peak
Detect mode to acquire data. (See page 31, Time Domain Aliasing.)

Peak Detect. In this acquisition mode, the oscilloscope finds the highest

and lowest values o

f the input signal over each sample interval and uses
these values to display the waveform. In this way, the oscilloscope can
acquire and display narrow pulses, which may have otherwise been
missed in S am ple m

Average. In this acq uisition mode, the oscilloscope acquires several

ode. Noise will appear to be higher in this mode.

waveforms, averages them, and displays the resulting waveform. You
can use this mode to reduce random noise.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 29

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

Time Base

The oscilloscope digitizes w a veform s by acquiring the value of an input
signal at discrete points. The time base allows you to control how often
the values are digitized.

To adjust the time base to a horizontal scale that suits your purpose, use
the SEC/DIV knob.

Scaling and Positioning Waveforms

You can change the display of waveforms by adjusting the scale
and position. When you change the scale, the waveform display
will increase or d ecrease in size. When you change the position, the
waveform will move up, down , right, or left.

The channel indicator (located on the left of the graticule) identifies
each waveform on the display. The indicator points to the g round
reference level of the waveform record.

You can view the display area and readouts. (See page 12, Display
Area.)

Vertical Scale and Position

You can change the vertical position of w aveform s by moving them up
or down in the display. To compare data, you can align a waveform
above another or you can align waveforms on top of each other.

You can change the vertical scale of a waveform. The waveform display
will contract or expand relative to the ground reference level.

For oscilloscope-specific descriptions, refer to the Operating Basics
chapter. (See page 16, Vertical Controls.) ReferalsototheReference
chapter. (See page 132, Ve rt i ca l C o nt r o ls .)

Horizontal Scale and Position; Pretrigger Information

You can adjust the HORIZONTAL POSITION control to view
waveform data before the trigger, after the trigger, or some of each.
When you change the h orizontal position of a wa veform , you are
actually changing the tim e between the trigger and the center of the
display. (This appears to move t he waveform to the right or left on
the display.)

30 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

For example, if you want to find the cause of a glitch in your test circuit,
you might trigger on the glitch and make the pretrigger period large
enough to capture data before the glitch. You can then analyze the
pretrigger data and perhaps find the cause of the glitch.

You change the horizontal scale of all t he waveforms by turning the
SEC/DIV knob. For example, you might want to see just one cycle of a
waveform to measure the overshoo t on its rising edge.

The oscilloscope shows the hor izontal scale as time per division in the
scale readout. Since all active waveforms use th e same time base, the
oscilloscope only displays one value for all the active chann els, excep t
when you use Window Zone. Refer to Window Zone for infor mation on
how to use the window function. (See page 109, Window Zone .)

For oscilloscope-specific descriptions, refer to the Operating Basics
chapter. (See page 17, POSITION.)ReferalsototheReference
chapter.(See page 107, Horizontal.)

Time Doma in Aliasing. Aliasing occurs when the oscilloscope does

not sample the signal fast enough to construct an accurate waveform
record. When this happe

ns, the oscilloscope displays a waveform with
a frequency lower than the actual input waveform, or triggers and
displays an unstable waveform.

Actual high-frequency

waveform

Apparent low-frequency

waveformduetoaliasing

Sample points

The oscilloscope accurately represents signals, but is limited by the
probe bandwidth, the oscilloscope bandwidth, and the sample rate. To
avoid aliasing, the oscilloscope must sample the signal more than twice
as fast as the highest frequency compo nent of the signal.

The highest frequency that the oscilloscope sampling rate can
theoretically represent is the Nyquist frequency. The sample rate is
called the Nyquist rate, and is twice the Nyquist frequency.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 31

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

The oscilloscope maximum sample rates are at least ten times the
bandwidth. These high sample rates help reduce the possibility of
aliasing.

There are several ways to check for aliasing:

Turn the SEC/DIV knob to change the horizontal scale. If the shape
of the w aveform changes drastically, you may have aliasing.

Select the Peak Detect acquisition mode. (See page 29, Peak
Detect.) This mode sam ples the highest and lowest values so
that the oscilloscope can detect faster signals. If the shape of the
waveform changes drastically, you may have aliasing.

If the trigger frequency is faster than the display information, you
may have aliasing or a waveform that crosses the trigger level
multiple times. Examining the waveform allows you to identify
whether the shape of the signal is going to allow a single trigger
crossing per cycle at the selected trigger level.

If multiple triggers are likely to occur, select a trigger level that will
generate only a single trigger per cycle. If the trigger frequency i s
still faster than the display indicates, you may have aliasing.

If the trigger frequency is slower, this test is not useful.

If the signal you are viewing is also the trigger source, use the
graticule or the cursors to estimate t he frequency of the displayed
waveform. Compare this to the Trigger Frequency readout in the
lower right corner of the screen. If they differ by a large amount,
you may have aliasing.

The next t able lists the time base settings that y ou can use to avoid
aliasing at various frequencies and the respective sample rate. At
the fastest SEC/DIV setting, aliasing is not likely to occur due to the
bandwidth limitations of the oscilloscope inp ut amplifiers.

32 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

Settings to avoid aliasing in Sample mode

Time base Samples per second Maximum

2.5 ns

5.0to250.0ns

500.0 ns

1.0 ms

2.5 ms

5.0 ms

10.0 ms

25.0 ms

50.0 ms

100.0 ms

250.0 ms

500.0 ms

1.0 ms

2.5 ms

5.0 ms

10.0 ms

25.0 ms

50.0 ms

100.0 ms

250.0 ms

500.0 ms

1.0 s

2.5 s

5.0 s

10.0 s

25.0 s

50.0 s

*

Depending on the oscilloscope model.

†

Bandwidth reduced to 6 MHz with a P2220 probe set to 1X.

2GS/s

1GS/sor2GS/s

500.0 MS /s

250.0 MS /s

100.0 MS /s

50.0 MS/s

25.0 MS/s

10.0 MS/s

5.0 MS/s

2.5 MS/s

1.0 MS/s

500.0 kS /s

250.0 kS /s

100.0 kS /s

50.0 kS/s

25.0 kS/s

10.0 kS/s

5.0 kS/s

2.5 kS/s

1.0 kS/s

500.0 S/s

250.0 S/s

100.0 S/s

50.0 S/s

25.0 S/s

10.0 S/s

5.0 S/s

*

200.0 MHz

200.0 MHz

200.0 MHz

125.0 MHz

50.0 MHz

25.0 MHz

12.5 MHz

5.0 MHz

2.5 MHz

1.25 MHz

500.0 kHz

250.0 kHz

125.0 kHz

50.0 kHz

25.0 kHz

12.5 kHz

5.0 kHz

2.5 kHz

1.25 kHz

500.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

125.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

25.0 Hz

12.5 Hz

5.0 Hz

2.5 Hz

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 33

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

Ta king Measurements

The oscilloscope displays graphs of voltage versus time and can help
you to measure the displayed waveform.

There are several ways to take measurements. You can use the graticule,
the cursors, or an automated measurement.

Graticule

This method allows you to make a quick, visual estimate. For example,
you might look at a waveform amplitude and d etermine that it is a little
more than 100 mV.

You can take simple measurements by counting the major and minor
graticule divisions involved and multiplying by the scale factor.

Forexample,ifyoucountedfiv e major vertical graticu le divisions
between the minimum and maximum values of a waveform and knew
you had a scale factor of 100 mV/division, then you could calculate
your peak-to-peak voltage as follows:

5 divisions x 100 mV/divi s ion = 500 mV

Cursor

Cursors

This method allows you to take measurements by moving the cursors,
which always appear in pairs, and reading their numeric values from the
display readouts. There are two types of cursors: Amplitude and Time.

When you use cursors, be sure to set the Source to the waveform on the
display that you want to measure.

34 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Understanding Oscilloscope Functions

To use cursors, push the CURSOR button.

Amplitude Cursors. Amplitude cursors appear as horizontal lines on the

display and measure the vertical
to the reference level. For the Math FFT function, these cursors measure
magnitude.

Time Cursors. Time cu rsors appear as vertical lines on the disp lay and

measure both horizontal and vertical parameters. Times are referenced
to the trigger point. For the Math FFT function, these curso rs measure
frequency.

Time cursors also include a reado ut of the waveform amplitude at the
point the waveform crosses the cu rsor.

parameters. Amplitudes are referenced

Automatic

The MEASURE Menu can take up to five autom atic measurements.
When you take automatic measurements, the oscilloscope does all
the calculating for you. Because the measurements use the waveform
record points, they are more accurate than the graticule or cursor
measurements.

Automatic measurements use readouts to show measurement results.
These readouts are updated periodically as the oscilloscope acquires
new data.

For measurement descriptions, refer to the Reference chapter. (See
page 111, Taking Measurements.)

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 35

Understanding Oscilloscope Functio ns

36 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

This section presents a series of application examples. These simplified
examples highlight the features of the oscillosco pe and give you ideas
for using it to solve your own test problems.

Taking simple measurements

Using Autoset

Using the Measure Menu to take automatic measurements

Measuring two signals and calculating gain

Using Autorange to examine a series of test points

Taking cursor measurements

Measuring ring frequency and ring amplitude

Measuring pulse width

Measuring rise time

Analyzing signal detail

Looking at a noisy signal

Using the average function to separate a signal from noise

Capturing a single-shot signal

Optimizing the acquisition

Measuring propagation delay

Triggering on a pulse width

Triggering on a video signal

Triggering on video fields and video lines

Using the window function to s ee waveform details

Analyzing a differential communication signal using Math functions

Viewing impedance changes in a network using X Y mode and
persistence

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 37

Application Examples

Ta king Simple Measurements

You need to see a signal in a circuit, but you do not know the amplitude
or frequency of the signal. You want to quickly display the signal and
measure the frequency, period, and peak-to-peak amplitude.

Using Autoset

To quickly display a signal, fol low these steps:

1. Push the CH 1 MENU button.

2. Push Probe ► Vol ta ge ►Attenuation ► 10X.

3. Set the switch to 10X on the P2220 probe.

4. Connect the channel 1 probe tip to the signal. Connect the reference

lead to the circuit reference point.

5. Push the AUTOSET button.

The oscilloscope sets the vertical, horizontal, and trigger controls
automatically. If you want to optimize the display of the waveform, you
can manually adjust these co ntrols.

NOTE. The oscilloscope displays relevant automatic measurements in the

waveform area of the s creen based on the signal type that is detected.

38 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

For oscilloscope-specific descriptions, refer to the Reference chapter.
(See page 98 , Autoset.)

Taking Automatic Measurements

The oscilloscope can take automatic measurements of most displayed
signals.

NOTE. If a question mark (?) appears in the Value readout, the signal

is outside the measurement range. Adjust the VOLTS/DIV knob of the
appropriate channel to decrease the sensitivity or change the SEC/DIV
setting.

To measure signal frequency, period, and peak-to-peak amplitude, rise
time, and positive width, follow these steps:

1. Push the MEASURE button to see the M easure Menu.

2. Push the top option button

; the Measure 1 Menu appears.

3. Push Ty p e ► Freq.

The Va lu e readout displays the measurement and updates.

4. Push the Back option button

.

5. Push the second option button from the top; the Measure 2 Menu

appears.

6. Push Ty p e ► Period.

The Va lu e readout displays the measurement and updates.

7. Push the Back option butt

on.

8. Push the middle option button; the Measure 3 Menu appears.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 39

Application Examples

9. Push Type ► Pk-Pk.

The Value readout displays the measurement and updates.

10. Push the Back option button.

11. Push the second option button from the bottom; the Measure 4

Menu appears.

12. Push Ty p e ► Rise Time.

The Value readout displays the measurement and updates.

13. Push the Back option button.

14. Push the bottom option button; the Measure 5 Menu appears.

15. Push Ty p e ► Pos Width.

The Value readout displays the measurement and updates.

16. Push the Back option button.

CH1
Freq

1.000kHz

CH1

Period

1.000ms

CH1

Pk-Pk

5.04V

CH1

Rise Time

2.611µs?

CH1

Pos Width

500.0µs

40 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

Measuring Two Signals

If you are testing a piece of equipment and need to measure the gain of
the audio amplifier, you will need an audio generator that can inject a
test signal at the am plifi er input. Connect two oscilloscope channels
to the amplifier input and output as shown nex t. Measure both signal
levels and use the measurements to calculate the gain.

CH1

Pk-Pk

2.04V

CH2

Pk-Pk

206mV

CH1

None

CH1

None

CH1

None

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 41

Application Examples

To activate and display the signals connected to channel 1 and to
channel 2, and select measurements for the two ch annels, follow these
steps:

1. Push the AUTOSET button.

2. Push the MEASURE button to see the Measure Menu.

3. Push the top option button; the Measure 1 Menu appears.

4. Push Source ► CH1.

5. Push Type ► Pk-Pk.

6. Push the Back option b utton.

7. Push the second option button from the top; the Measure 2 Menu

appears.

8. Push Source ► CH2.

9. Push Type ► Pk-Pk.

10. Push the Back option button.

Read the d isplayed peak-to-peak amplitudes for both channels.

11. To calculate the ampl ifier voltage gain, use these equations:

VoltageGain = output amplitude/input amplitude

VoltageGain (dB) = 20 × log

(VoltageGain)

10

42 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

Using Autorange to Examine a Series of Test Points

If you have a machine that is malfunctioning, you may need to find the
frequency and RMS voltage of several test points, and compare these
values to ideal values. You are not able to access front-panel controls
since you need to use both hands when probing test points that are
difficult to physically reach.

1. Push the CH 1 MENU button.

2. Push Probe ► Voltage ► Attenuation and set to match the

attenuation of the probe attached to channel 1.

3. Push the AUTORANGE button to activate autoranging, and select

the Vertical and Horizontal option.

4. Push the MEASURE button to see the M easure Menu.

5. Push the top option button; the Measure 1 Menu appears.

6. Push Source ► CH1.

7. Push Ty p e ► Frequency.

8. Push the Back option button.

9. Push the second option button from the top; the Measure 2 Menu

appears.

10. Push Source ► CH1.

11. Push Type ► Cyc RMS.

12. Push the Back option button.

13. Attach the probe tip and reference lead to the first test point. Read

the frequency and cycle RMS measurements from the oscilloscope
display and compare these to the ideal values.

14. Repeat step 13 for each test point, until you find the malfunctioning

component.

NOTE. When Autorange is active, each time you move the probe to an other

test point, the oscilloscope readjusts the horizontal scale, the vertical scale,
and the trigger level, to give you a useful display.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 43

Application Examples

Taking Cursor Measurements

You can use the cursors to quickly take time and amplitude
measurements on a waveform.

Measuring Ring Frequency and Amplitude

To measure the ring frequency at the rising edge of a signal, follow
these steps:

1. Push the CURSOR buttontoseetheCursorMenu.

2. Push Type ► Time.

3. Push Source ► CH1.

4. Push the Cursor 1 option button.

5. Turn the multipurpose kn ob to place a cursor on the first peak of

the ring.

6. Push the Cursor 2 option button.

7. Turn the multipurpose knob to place a cursor on the second peak

of the ring.

You can see the Δ (delta) time and frequency (the measured ring
frequency) in th e Cursor Menu.

Type

Time

Source

CH1

Δt 540.0ns

1/Δt1.852MHz

ΔV0.44V

Cursor1

180ns

1.40V

Cursor2

720ns

0.96V

44 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

8. Push Ty p e ► Amplitude.

9. Push the Cursor 1 option button .

10. Turn the multipurpose knob to place a cursor on the first peak of

the ring.

11. Push the Cursor 2 option button.

12. Turn the multipurpose knob to place Cu rsor 2 on the lowest part

of the ring.

You can see the amplitude of the ring in the Cursor Menu.

Type

Amplitude

Source

CH1

ΔV 640mV

Cursor 1

1.46V

Cursor 2

820mV

Measuring Pulse Width

If you are analyzing a pulse waveform and you want to know the width
of the pulse, follow these steps:

1. Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor M enu .

2. Push Ty p e ► Time.

3. Push Source ► CH1.

4. Push the Cursor 1 option button .

5. Turn the multipurpose knob to place a cursor on the rising edge

of the pulse.

6. Push the Cursor 2 option button .

7. Turn the multipurpose knob to place a cursor on the falling edge

of the pulse.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 45

Application Examples

You can see the follow ing measurements in the Cursor Menu:

The time at Cursor 1, relative to the trigger.

The time at Cursor 2, relative to the trigger.

The Δ (delta) time, which is the pulse width measurement.

NOTE. The Positive Width measurement is available as an automatic

measurement in the Measure Menu. (See page 111, Taking Measurements.)

Type

Time

Source

CH1

Δt 500.0µs

1/Δt 2.000kHz

ΔV1.38V

Cursor 1

0.00s

0.98V

Cursor 2

500µs

-1.00V

NOTE. The Positive Width measurement also displays when you selec t the

Single-Cycle Square option in the AUTOSET Menu. (See page 101, Square
Wave or Pulse.)

46 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

Measuring Rise Time

After measuring the pulse width, you decide that you need to check
the rise time of the pulse. Typically, you measure rise time between
the 10% and 90% levels of the waveform. To measure the rise time,
follow these steps:

1. Turn the SEC/DIV knob to display the rising edge of the waveform.

2. Turn the VOLTS/DIV and VERTICAL POSITION knobs to set

the waveform amplitude to about five div isions.

3. Push the CH 1 MENU button.

4. Push Vo l t s/ D i v ► Fine.

5. Turn the VOLTS/DIV knob to set the waveform amplitud e to

exactly five divisions.

6. Turn the VERTICAL POSITION knob to center the waveform;

position the baseline of the waveform 2.5 divisions below the
center graticule.

7. Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor M enu .

8. Push Ty p e ► Time.

9. Push Source ► CH1.

10. Push the Cursor 1 option button.

11. Turn th e mu ltipurpose knob to place a cursor at the p oint where the

waveform crosses the second graticule line below center screen.
This is the 10% level of the waveform.

12. Push the Cursor 2 option button.

13. Turn the multipurpose k nob to place a cursor at the point where the

waveform crosses the second graticule line above center screen.
This is the 90% level of the waveform.

The Δt readout in the Cursor Menu is the rise time of the waveform.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 47

Application Examples

5 divisions

NOTE. The Rise Time measurement is available as an automatic

measurement in the Measure Menu. (See page 111, Taking Measurements.)

NOTE. The Rise Time measurement also displays when you select the Rising

Edge option in the AUTOSET Menu. (See page 101, Square Wave or Pulse.)

Analyzing Signal Detail

Type

Time

Source

CH1

Δt 140.0ns

1/Δt7.143MHz

ΔV 2.08V

Cursor 1

-80.0ns

-1.02V

Cursor 2

60.0ns

1.06V

You have a noisy signal displayed on the oscilloscope and you need to
know more about i t. You suspect that the signal contains much more
detail than you can now see in the display.

48 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

Looking at a Noisy Signal

The signal appears noisy and you suspect that noise is causing problems
in your circuit. To better analyze the noise, follow these steps:

1. Push the ACQUIRE button to see the Acquire Menu.

2. Push the Peak Detect option button.

3. If necessary, push the DISPLAY button to see the Display Menu.

Use the Adjust Contrast option button with the multipurpose knob
to adjust the display t o see the noise more easily.

Peak detect emphasizes noise spikes and glitches in your signal,
especially when the time base is set to a slow setting.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 49

Application Examples

Separating the Signal from Noise

Now you want to analyze the signal shape and ignore the noise. To
reduce random noise in the oscilloscope display, follow these steps:

1. Push the ACQUIRE button t o see the Acquire M enu.

2. Push the Average option button.

3. Push the Averages option button to see the effects of varying the

number of running averages on the waveform display.

Averaging reduces random noise and makes it easier to see detail in a
signal. In the example below, a ring shows on the rising an d falling
edges of the signal wh en the noise is removed.

50 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Capturing a Single-Shot Signal

The reliability of a reed relay in a piece of equipment has been poor and
you need to investigate the problem. You suspect that the relay contacts
arc when the relay opens. The fastest that you can open and close th e
relay is about once per minute, so you need to capture the voltage acro ss
the relay as a single-shot acquisition.

Application Examples

To set up for a single-shot acquisition, follow these steps:

1. Turn the vertical VOLTS/DIV and horizon tal SEC/DIV knobs to

the appropriate ranges for the signal you expect to see.

2. Push the ACQUIRE button to see the Acquire Menu.

3. Push the Peak Detect option button.

4. Push the TRIG MENU button to see the Trigger Menu.

5. Push Slope ► Rising.

6. Turn the LEVEL knob to adjust the trigger level to a voltage

midway between the open and closed voltages of the relay.

7. Push the SINGLE SEQ button to start t he acquisition.

When the relay opens, the oscilloscope triggers and captures the event.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 51

Application Examples

Optimizing the Acquisition

The initial acquisition shows the relay contact beginning to open at the
trigger point. This is followed by a large spike that indicates contact
bounce and inductance in the circuit. The inductance can cause contact
arcing and premature relay failure.

You can use the vertical, horizontal, and trigger cont rols to optimize
the settings before the next single-shot event is captured. When the
next acquisition is captured with the n ew settings (push the SINGLE
SEQ button again), you can see t hat the contact bounces several times
as it opens.

52 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Measuring Propagation Delay

You suspect that the mem ory timing in a microprocessor circuit is
marginal. Set up the oscilloscope to measure t he propagation delay
between the chip-select signal and the data output of the memory device.

Application Examples

Type

Time

Source

CH1

Δt 20.00ns

1/Δt50.00MHz

ΔV0.28V

Cursor 1

50.0ns

-0.20V

Cursor 2

70.0ns

0.08V

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 53

Application Examples

To set up to measure propagation delay, follow these steps:

1. Push the AUTOSET button to trigger a stable d isplay.

2. Adjust the horizontal and vertical controls to optimize the display.

3. Push the CURSOR buttontoseetheCursorMenu.

4. Push Type ► Time.

5. Push Source ► CH1.

6. Push the Cursor 1 option button.

7. Turn the multipurpose knob to place a cursor on the active edge

of the chip-select signal.

8. Push the Cursor 2 option button.

9. Turn the multipurpose knob to place the second cursor on the data

output transition.

The Δt readout in the Cursor Menu is the propagation delay between
the waveforms. The readout is valid because the two waveforms have
the same SEC/DIV setting.

Triggering on a SpecificPulseWidth

You are testing the p ulse w idt hs of a signal in a circuit. It is critical that
thepulsesallbeaspecific width, and you need to verify that they are.
Edge triggering shows that your signal is as specified, and the pulse
width measurement does not vary from the specification. However, you
think there might be a problem.

54 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

To set up a test for pulse width aberrations, follow these steps:

1. Push the AUTOSET button to trigger a stable display.

2. Push the Single Cycle option

view a single cycle of the signal, and to quickly take a Pulse Width
measurement.

3. Push the TRIG MENU button to see the Trigger Menu.

4. Push Ty p e ► Pulse.

5. Push Source ► CH1.

6. Turn the TRIGGER LEVEL knob t o set the trigger level near

the bottom of the signal.

7. Push When ► = (equals).

8. Turn the multipurpose kno

reported by the Pulse Width measurement in step 2.

9. Push More ► Mode ► Normal.

You can achieve a stable display with the oscilloscope triggering on
normal pulses.

1. Push the When option button to select ≠, <,or>.Ifthereare

any aberrant pulses tha
oscilloscope triggers.

button in the AUTOSET Menu to

b to set the pulse width to the value

t meet the specified When condition, the

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 55

Application Examples

NOTE. The trigger frequency readout shows the frequency of events that

the oscilloscope might consider to be a trigger, and may be less than the
frequency of the input signal in Pulse Width trigger mode.

Triggering on a Video Signal

You are testing the vide
need to display the video output signal. The video output is an NTSC
standard signal. Use the video trigger to obtain a stable display.

o circuit in a piece of medical equipment and

56 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

NOTE. Most video sy

inputs do not prop
amplitude inaccu
75 ohm feedthrou
equivalent) bet
the oscillosco

stems use 75 ohm cab ling. The oscilloscope

erly terminate low impe danc e cabling. To avoid

racy from improper loading and reflections, place a

gh terminator (Tektronix part number 011-0055-02 or

ween the 75 ohm c oaxial cable from the signal source and

pe BNC input.

Triggering on Video Fields

Automatic. To trigger on the video fields, follow these steps:

1. Push the AUTOSET button. When Autoset is complete, the

oscilloscope displays the video signal with sync on All Fields.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 57

Application Examples

The oscilloscope sets the Standard opt ion when you use the Autoset
function.

1. Push the Odd Field or Even Field option buttons from the
AUTOSET Menu to sync on odd or even fields only.

Manual. An alternative method re

quires more steps, but may be
necessary depending on the video signal. To use the manual method,
follow these steps:

1. Push the CH 1 MENU button.

2. Push Coupling ► AC.

3. Push the TRIG MENU button to see the Trigger Menu.

4. Push the top option button and select Video.

5. Push Source ► CH1.

6. Push the Sync option button a nd select All Fields , Odd Field,or

Even Field.

7. Push Standard ► NTSC.

8. Turn the horizontal SEC/DIV knob to see a complete field across

the screen.

9. Turn the vertical VOLTS/DIV knob to ensure that the entire video

signal is visible on the screen.

58 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

Triggering on Video Lines

Automatic. You can also look at the video lines in the field. To trigger

on the video lines, follow these s

1. Push the AUTOSET button.

2. Push the top option button to select Line to sync on all lines. (The
AUTOSET Menu includes All Lines and Line Number options.)

Manual. An alternative method requires m ore steps, but may be

necessary depending on the video signal. To use this m ethod, follow
these steps:

1. Push the TRIG MENU button to see the Trigger Menu.

2. Push the top option button and select Video.

3. Push the Sync option button and select All Lines or Line Number

and turn the multipurpose knob to set a specific line number.

4. Push Standard ► NTSC.

5. Turn the SEC/DIV knob to see a complete video line across t he

screen.

teps:

6. Turn the VOLTS/DIV knob to ensure that the entire video signal
is visible on the screen.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 59

Application Examples

Incoming video signal

Using the Window Function to See Waveform Details

You can use the window (zoom ) function to examine a specific portion
of a waveform without changing the main display.

If you want to view the color burst in the prev ious waveform in m ore
detail without changing the main display, follo w these steps:

1. Push the HORIZ MENU button to see the Horizontal Menu and
select the Main option.

2. Push the Window Zone option b utton.

3. Turn the SEC/DIV knob and select 500 ns. This will be the

SEC/DIV setting of the expanded view.

4. Turn the HORIZONTAL POSITION knob to position the window
around the portion of the waveform that you want to expand.

60 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

1. Push the Window option button to see the expanded portion of

the waveform.

2. Turn the SEC/DIV knob to optimize viewing the expanded

waveform.

To switch between the Main and Window views , push the Main or
Window option button in the Horizontal M enu.

Analyzing a Differential Communication Signal

You are having intermittent problems with a serial data commun icati on
link, and you suspect poor signal quality. Set up the oscilloscope to
show you a snapshot of the serial data stream so you can verify the
signal levels and transition times.

Because this is a differential signal, you use the Math function of the
oscilloscope to view a better representation o f th e waveform.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 61

Application Examples

NOTE. Be sure to first compensate both probes. Differences in probe

compensation appear as errors in the differential signal.

62 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

To activate the differential signals connected to channel 1 and to channel
2, follow these steps:

1. Push the CH 1 MENU button and set the Probe ► Vol ta g e►

Attenuation option to 10X.

2. Push the CH 2 MENU button and set the Probe ► Vol ta g e►

Attenuation option to 10X.

3. Set the switches to 10X on the P2220 probes.

4. Push the AUTOSET button.

5. Push the MATH MENU button to see the Math M e nu.

6. Push the Operation option button and select -.

7. Push the CH1-CH2 option button to display a new waveform that

is the difference between the displayed waveforms.

8. To adjust the vertical scale and position of the Math waveform,

follow these steps:

a. Remove the channel 1 and channel 2 waveforms from the

display.

b. TurntheCH1andCH2VOLTS/DIVandtheVERTICAL

POSITION knobs to ad just the vertical scale and position of
the Math w aveform .

For a more stable display, push the SINGLE SEQ button to control the
acquisition of the waveform. Each time you push the SINGLE SEQ
button, the oscilloscope acquires a snapshot of the d igi tal data stream.
You can use the cursors or automatic measurements to analyze the
waveform, or you can store the waveform to analyze later.

Viewing Impedance Changes in a Network

You have designed a circuit that needs to operate over a wide
temperature range. You need to evaluate the change in impedance of the
circuit as the ambient temperature is changed.

Connect the oscilloscope to mon itor the input and output of th e circuit
and capture the changes that occur as you vary the temperature.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 63

Application Examples

To view the input and output o f the circuit in an XY display, follow
these steps:

1. Push the CH 1 MENU button.

2. Push Probe ► Vol ta ge ►Attenuation ► 10X.

3. Push the CH 2 MENU button.

4. Push Probe ► Voltage ► Attenuation ► 10X.

5. Set the switches to 10X on the P2220 p ro bes.

6. Connect the channel 1 probe to the input of the n etwo rk, and

connect the channel 2 probe to the output.

64 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Application Examples

7. Push the AUTOSET button.

8. Turn the VOLTS/DIV knobs to display approximately the sam e

amplitude signals on each channel.

9. Push the DISPLAY button to see the Display Menu.

10. Push Format ► XY.

The oscilloscope displays a Lissajous pattern representing the input
and output characteristics of the circuit.

11. Turn the VOLTS/DIV and VERTICAL POSITION kno bs to

optimize the display.

12. Push Persist ► Infinite.

13. Push the Adjust Contrast option button and turn the multipurpo s e

knob to ad just the display.

As you adjust the amb ient temperature, the display persistence
captures the changes in the characteristics of the circuit.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 65

Application Examples

66 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Math FFT

This chapter contains detailed information on how to use the Math FFT
(Fast Fourier Transform). You can use the FFT Math mode to convert
a time-domain (YT) signal into its frequency components (spectrum).
You can use the Math FFT mode for the follo wing ty pes of analysis:

Analyze harmonics in power lines

Measure harmonic content and distortion in systems

Characterize noise in DC power supplies

Testimpulseresponseoffilters and systems

Analyze vibration

To use t he Math FFT mode, you need to perform the following tasks:

Set up the source (tim e-dom ain) waveform

Display the FFT spectrum

SelectatypeofFFTwindow

Adjust the sample rate to display the fundamental frequency and
harmonics without aliasing

Use zoom controls to magnify the spectrum

Use cursors to measure the spectrum

Setting Up the Time-Domain Waveform

Before you use FFT mode, you need to set up the time-domain (YT)
waveform. To do so, fo llo w these steps:

1. Push AUTOSET to display a YT waveform.

2. Turn the VERTICAL POSITION knob to m ove the YT waveform

to the center v er tical ly (zero divisions).

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 67

Math FFT

This ensures that the FFT will show a true DC value.

3. Turn the HORIZONTAL POSITION knob to position the part
of the YT waveform that you want to analyze in the center eight
divisions of the screen.

The oscilloscope calculates the FFT spectrum using the center 2048
points of the time-domain waveform.

4. Turn the VOLTS/DIV knob to ensure that the entire waveform
remains on the screen. The oscilloscope may display erroneous
FFT results (by adding high frequency components) if the entire
waveform is not visible.

5. Turn the SEC/DIV knob to p ro vide the resolution you want in the
FFT spectrum.

6. If po ssible, set the o scillo scope to display many signal cycles.

If you turn the SEC/DIV knob to select a faster setting (fewer
cycles), the FFT spectrum shows a larger frequency range, and
reduces the possibility of FFT aliasing. (See page 73, FFT
Aliasing.) However, the oscilloscope also displays less f requ
resolution.

ency

To set up the FFT display, follow these steps:

1. Push the MATH MENU button to see the Math Menu.

2. Push Operation ► FFT.

3. Select the Math FFT Source channel.

In many cases, the oscilloscope can produce a useful FFT spectrum
even if the YT waveform is not triggered. This is especially true if your
signal is periodic or rand om (noisy).

NOTE. Trigger and position any transient or bu rst waveforms as closely as

possible to the center of the screen.

Nyquist Frequency

The highest frequen c y that any real-time digitizing oscilloscope can
measure without errors is one-half the sample rate. This frequency is
called the Nyquist frequency. Frequency information abo ve the N yquist

68 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

frequency is undersampled, which causes FFT aliasing. (See page 73,
FFT Aliasing.)

The math function transforms the center 2048 points of the time-domain
waveform into an FFT spectrum. The resulting FFT spectrum contains
1024 points that go from DC (0 Hz) to the Nyquist frequency.

Normally, the display compresses the FFT spectrum h orizon tally into
250 points, but you can use the FFT Zoom function to expand the FFT
spectrum to more clearly see the frequency components at each of the
1024 data poin ts in the FFT spectru m.

NOTE. The oscilloscope vertical response rolls off slowly above its

bandwidth (40 MHz, 60 MHz, 100 MHz or 200 MHz, depend ing on the
model, or 20 MHz when the Bandwidth Limit option is ON). Therefore,
the FFT spectrum can show valid frequency information higher than the
oscilloscope bandwidth. However, the magnitude information near or above
the bandwidth will not be accurate.

Displaying the FFT Spectrum

Push the MATH MENU button to display the Math Menu. Use the
options to select the Source channel, Window algorithm, and FFT Zoom
factor. You can display only one FFT spectrum at a time.

Math FFT

Math FFT option Settings Comments

Source CH1, CH2, CH31,

Window Hanning, Flattop,

FFT Zoom X1, X2, X5, X10

1

Available only on a 4 -channel oscilloscope.

1

CH4

Rectangular

Selects the channel use d as the FFT
source

Selects the FFT window type;(See
page 70, Selecting an F FT Window.)

Changes the horizontal magnification
of the FFT display; (See page 74,

Magnifying and Positioning an FFT
Spectrum.)

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 69

Math FFT

Fundamental
frequency
component

Frequency
component

1. Frequency at the center graticule line.

2. Vertical scale in dB per division (0 dB = 1 V

3. Horizontal scale in frequency per division.

4. Sample rate in number of samples per second.

5. FFT window t ype.

Selecting an FFT Window

Windows reduce spectral leakage in the FFT spectrum. The FFT
assumes that the YT waveform repeats forever. With an integral number
of cycles (1, 2, 3, ...), the YT waveform starts and ends at the sam e
amplitude and there are no discontinuities in the signal shape.

A non-integral number of cycles in the YT waveform causes the signal
start and end points to be at different amp litudes. The transitions
between the start and end points cause discontinu iti es in the signal that
introduce high-frequency transients.

RMS

).

70 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Math FFT

Applying a windo w to the YT waveform changes the waveform so
that the s tart and stop values are close to each other, reducing the
discontinuities.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 71

Math FFT

The Math FFT functi

on includes three FFT Window options. There is
a trade-off between frequency resolution and amplitude accuracy with
each type of window. W hat you want to measure and your source signal
characteristic

Window Measure Characteristics

Hanning Periodic

Flattop Periodic

Rectangular Pulses or

s will help you to determine which w indow to use.

Better frequency, poorer magnitude

waveforms

waveforms

transients

accuracy than Flattop

Better magnitude, poorer frequency
accuracy than Hanning

Special-p
waveforms
disconti
the same

urpose window for

that do not have

nuities. This is essentially

as no window

72 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

Math FFT

FFT Aliasing

Problems occur when the oscilloscope acquires a time-domain
waveform containing frequency components that are greater than the
Nyquist frequency. (See page 68, Nyquist Frequency.) The frequency
components that are above the Nyquist frequency are undersampled,
appearing as lower frequency components t hat "fold back" around the
Nyquist frequency. These incorrect components are called aliases.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 73

Math FFT

Eliminating Aliases

To eliminate aliases, t ry the following remedies:

Turn the SEC/DIV knob to set the sample rate to a faster setting.
Since you increase the Nyquist frequency as you increase the
sample rate, the aliased frequency components appear at their
proper frequency. If too many frequency components are shown
on the screen, you can use the FFT Zoom option to magnify the
FFT spectrum.

If you do not need to view frequency co mp onen ts ab ove 20 MHz,
set the Bandwidth Limit option to On.

Put an external filter on the source signal to bandwidth limit
the source waveform t o frequencies below that of the Nyquist
frequency.

Recognize and ignore the aliased frequencies.

Use zoom controls and the cursors to magnify and measure the
FFT spectrum.

Magnifying and Positioning an FFT Spectrum

You can magnify and use cursors to take measurements on the FFT
spectrum. The oscilloscope includes an FFT Zoom option to magnify
horizontally. To magnify vertically, you can use the vertical controls.

Horizontal Zoom and Position

The FFT Zoom option lets you h
without changing the sample rate. Zoom factors are X1 (default), X 2,
X5, and X10. At zo om factor X1, and with the waveform centered in
the graticule, the left gr
line is at the Nyq uist frequency.

When you change the zoom factor, the FFT spectrum is magnified
about the center graticule line. In other words, the axis o f horizontal
magnification is the center graticule line.

Turn the HORIZONTA L POSITION knob clockwise to move the
FFT spectrum to the right. Push the SET TO ZERO button to position
the center of the spectrum at the center o f the graticule.

74 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

aticule line is at 0 Hz and the right graticule

orizontally magnify the FFT spectrum

Vertical Zoom and Position

The channel vertical knobs become vertical zoom and position controls
for their respective channels when displaying the FFT spectrum. The
VOLTS/DIV knob provides zoom factors of X0.5, X1 (default), X2, X5,
and X10. The FFT spectrum is vertically magnified about the M marker
(math waveform reference point on the left edge of the screen).

Turn the VERTICAL POSITION knob clockwise to move the
spectrum up for the source channel.

Measuring an FFT Spectrum Using Cursors

You can take two measurements on FFT spectrums: magnitude (in dB),
and frequency (in Hz). Magnitude is referenced to 0 dB, where 0 dB
equals 1 V

You can use the cursors to take measurements at any zoom factor. To
do so, follow these steps:

1. Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor M enu .

2. Push Source ► MATH.

RMS

.

Math FFT

3. Push the Type option button to select Magnitude or Frequency.

4. Use the multipurpose knob to move cursors 1 and 2.

Use horizontal cursors to measure magnitude and vertical cursors to
measure frequency. The options display the delta between the two
cursors, the value at cursor 1 position, and the v alue at cursor 2 position.
Delta is the absolute value of cursor 1 minus cursor 2.

Magnitude cursors Frequency cursors

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 75

Math FFT

You can also take a frequency measurement without using the cursors.
To do so, turn the Horizontal Position knob to position a frequency
component on the center graticule line and read the frequency at the top
right of the display.

76 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

USB Flash Drive and Device Ports

This chapter describes how to use
on the oscilloscope to do the following tasks:

Save and recall waveform data or setup data, or save a screen image

Print a screen image

Transfer waveform data, setup data, or a screen image to a PC

Control the oscilloscope with remote commands

To use the PC Communications software, launch and refer to the online
help from the software.

USB Flash Drive Port

The front of the oscilloscope has a USB Flash Drive port to
accommodate a USB flash drive for file storage. The oscilloscope can
save data to and retrieve data from the flash drive.

the Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports

USB Flash Drive port

NOTE. The oscilloscope can only support flash drives wi

capacity of 2 GB or less.

To connect a USB flash drive, follow these steps:

1. Align the USB fl ash drive with the USB Flash Drive port on t he
oscilloscope. Flash drives are shaped f or p roper in stallation.

2. Insert t he flash drive into the port until the drive is fully inserted.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 77

th a storage

USB Flash D riv e and Device Ports

For flash drives with an LED, the drive "blinks" while the
oscilloscope writes data to or reads data from the drive. The
oscilloscope also displays a clock symbol to indicate when the flash
drive is active.

After a file is saved or retrieved, the LED on the drive (if any) stops
blinking, and the oscilloscope removes the clock. A hint line also
displays to notify you that the save or recall operation is complete.

ToremoveaUSBflash drive, wait until the LED on the drive (if any)
stops blinking or until the hint line appears that says the operation is
complete, grab the edg e of the drive, and extract the drive from the port.

Flash Drive Initial Read Time

The oscilloscope reads the internal structure of a USB flash drive each
time you install a drive. The time to complete the read depends on the
size of the flash drive, how the drive is formatted, and the number of
files stored on the drive.

NOTE. To sig n i ficantly shorten the initial read time o f 64 M B and larger

USB flash drives, format the drive on your PC.

Formatting a Flash Driv

The Format function deletes all data on the USB flashdrive.Toformat
a flash dr ive, follow t

1. Insert a USB flash drive into the Flash Drive port on the front of
the oscilloscope.

2. Push the UTILITY button to see the Utility Menu.

3. Push File Utilities ► More ► Fo rmat.

4. Select Ye s to format t

78 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

e

hese steps:

he flash drive.

Flash Drive Capacities

The oscilloscope can store the following types and n um ber of files per
1MBofUSBflash drive memory:

5 Save All operations; (See page 82, Saves All t o Files.) (See
page 115, Save All.)

16 screen image files (capacity depends on the image format); (See
page 84, Saves Image to File.) (See page 115, Save Image.)

250 oscilloscope setting (.SET) files; (See page 116, Save Setup.)

18 waveform (.CSV) files; (See page 117, Save Waveform.)

File Management Conventions

The oscilloscope uses th e following file management conventions for
data storage:

The o scilloscope checks for available space on the USB flash drive
before writing files, and displays a warning message if there is not
enough memory available.

USB Flash Drive and Device Ports

The term “folder” refers to a directory location o n the USB flash
drive.

The default location for the file save or file recall functions is the
current folder.

A:\ is the root folder.

The oscilloscope resets the current folder to A:\ when you power
on the oscilloscope, or when you insert a USB flash drive after
the oscilloscope is powered on.

File names can have one to eight characters, followed by a period,
and then followed with an extension of one to three characters.

Theoscilloscopedisplayslongfile names created on PC operating
systems with the shortened file name from the operating system.

File names are case insensitive and are displayed in upper case.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 79

USB Flash D riv e and Device Ports

You can u se t he File Utilities menu to do the following tasks:

List the contents of the current folder

Select a fi le or folder

Navigate to other folders

Create, rename, and delete files and folders

Format the USB flash drive

(See page 131, File Util iti es for the USB Flash Drive.)

Saving and Recalling Files With a USB Flash Drive

There are two ways to operate the USB flash drive for file storage:

through the Save/Recall m enu

through the alternative Save function of th e Print button

You can use the following Save/Recall menu options to write data to or
retrieve data from a USB flash drive:

Save Image

Save Setup

Save Waveform

Recall Setup

Recall Waveform

NOTE. The PRINT button can be used as a SAVE button for quick storage

of files to a flash drive. For information on how to save many files at o nce,
or imag es one after another, refer to Using the Save Functions of the Print
Button. (See page 82, Using the Save Function of the PRINT Front Panel
Button.)

Save Image, Save Setup, and Save Waveform Options

You can save a screen image, the oscilloscope settings, or waveform
data to a file on the USB flash drive through the Save/Recall menu.

80 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual

USB Flash Drive and Device Ports

Each save option operates in a similar w ay. As an example, to save a
screen image file to a fl ash drive, follow these steps:

1. Insert a USB flash drive into the USB Flash Drive port.

2. Push UTILITY ► Options ► Printer Setup and set the following

options:

Ink Saver On, Off

Layout Portrait,

Landscape

Prints the screen image on a
white background when you
select On

Printer output orientation

3. Access the screen you want to save.

4. Push the SAVE/RECALL front panel button.

5. Select the Action ► Save Image ► Save option.

The oscilloscope saves the screen image in the current folder and
automatically generates the file name. (See page 114, Save/Recall .)

Recall Setup, and Rec all Waveform Options

You can recall the oscilloscope settings or waveform data from a file on
the USB flash drive through the Save/Recall menu.

Each recall option operates in a similar way. As an example, to recall a
waveform file from a USB fl ash drive, follow these steps:

1. Insert the USB flash drive that contains the desired waveform file

into the USB Flash Drive port on the front of the oscillosco p e.

2. Push the SAVE/RECALL front panel button.

3. Select the Action ► Recall Waveform ► Select File option.

You can use the Change Folder option to navigate to another folder
on the flash drive.

4. Turn the multipurpose knob to select the waveform file to recall.

Thenameofthefile in the Recall option changes as you scroll.

TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual 81

USB Flash D riv e and Device Ports

5. Select the To option and specify which reference memory location
to recall the waveform to RefA or RefB. RefC and RefD are
available on 4-channel models.

6. Push the Recall FnnnnCHx.CSV option button, where
FnnnnCHx.CSV is the name of the waveform file.

NOTE. For folders on the flash drive that contain one waveform file, select

the SAVE/RECALL ► Action ►Recall Waveform ► To option and
specify the reference memory location to recall the waveform to. The name
of the file appears in the Recall option.(See page 114, Save/Recall.)

Using the Save Function of t

You can set the PRINT front panel button to write data to the USB flash
drive as an alternative fu
to save data, access one of the following options:

SAVE/RECALL ► Save All ► P

UTILITY ►Options ► Printer Setup

NOTE. An LED by the PRINT button lights to indicate the alternative SAVE

function that writes data to the USB flash drive.

Saves All to Files

The Saves All to Files option lets you save the current oscilloscope
information to files on the USB flash drive. A single Sa ves All to Files
action uses less than 700 kB of space on the flash drive.

Before you can save data to the USB flash drive, you need to change
the PRINT front panel button to the alternative SAVE function. To
do so, select the SAVE/RECALL ► Save All ► PRINT Button ►
Saves All to Files option.

To save all the oscilloscope files to a USB flash drive, follow these steps:

1. Insert a USB flash drive into the USB F lash Drive port.

nction. To set the function of the PRINT button

he PRINT Front Panel Button

RINT Button

2. To change the folder designated as the current folder, push the
Select Folder optio n button.

82 TDS1000B/2000B Series Oscilloscope User Manual