ST VNH3SP30-E User Manual

VNH3SP30-E

Automotive fully integrated H-bridge motor driver

Features

	Type	RDS(on)	Iout	Vccmax
	VNH3SP30-E	45mΩ max	30A	40V
		(per leg)

■Output current: 30A

■5V logic level compatible inputs

■Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown

■Overvoltage clamp

■Thermal shut down

■Cross-conduction protection

■Linear current limiter

■Very low standby power consumption

■PWM operation up to 10 kHz

■Protection against loss of ground and loss of VCC

■Package: ECOPACK®

Description

The VNH3SP30-E is a full-bridge motor driver intended for a wide range of automotive applications. The device incorporates a dual monolithic high-side driver (HSD) and two lowside switches. The HSD switch is designed using STMicroelectronics proprietary VIPower™ M0-3 technology that efficiently integrates a true Power MOSFET with an intelligent signal/protection circuit on the same die.

Table 1. Device summary

MultiPowerSO-30™

The low-side switches are vertical MOSFETs manufactured using STMicroelectronics proprietary EHD (“STripFET™”) process.The three circuits are assembled in a MultiPowerSO30 package on electrically isolated lead frames. This package, specifically designed for the harsh automotive environment, offers improved thermal performance thanks to exposed die pads. Moreover, its fully symmetrical mechanical design provides superior manufacturability at board level. The input signals INA and INB can directly interface with the microcontroller to select the motor direction and the brake condition. Pins DIAGA/ENA or DIAGB/ENB, when connected to an external pull-up resistor, enable one leg of the bridge. They also provide a feedback digital diagnostic signal. The normal condition operation is explained in The speed of the motor can be controlled in all possible conditions by the PWM up to kHz. In all cases, a low level state on the PWM pin will turn off both the LSA and LSB switches. When PWM rises to a high level, LSA or LSB turn on again depending on the input pin state.

Package		Order codes
	Tube		Tape & reel
MultiPowerSO-30	VNH3SP30-E		VNH3SP30TR-E

February 2008

Rev 7

1/33

www.st.com

Contents	VNH3SP30-E

Contents

1	Block diagram and pins description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		. 5
2	Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		8
	2.1	Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	8
	2.2	Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	9
	2.3	Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	15
3	Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		20
	3.1	Reverse battery protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	21
	3.2	Open load detection in Off mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	21
	3.3	Test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	22
4	Package and PCB thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		25
	4.1	MultiPowerSO-30 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	25

4.1.1Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in steadystate mode 26

4.1.2Thermal resistances definition

(values according to the PCB heatsink area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.1.3 Thermal calculation in transient mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.1.4Single pulse thermal impedance definition

(values according to the PCB heatsink area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

5	Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		29
	5.1	ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
	5.2	MultiPowerSO-30 package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
	5.3	Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
6	Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		32

2/33

VNH3SP30-E	List of tables

List of tables

Table 1. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Table 2. Block description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Table 3. Pin definitions and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Table 4. Pin functions description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Table 5. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 6. Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 7. Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 8. PWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 9. Switching (VCC = 13V, RLOAD = 1.1Ω, unless otherwise specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 10. Protection and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 11. Truth table in normal operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table 12. Truth table in fault conditions (detected on OUTA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table 13. Electrical transient requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Table 14. Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in steady-state mode . . . . 26 Table 15. Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Table 16. MultiPowerSO-30 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Table 17. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

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List of figures	VNH3SP30-E

List of figures

Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 4. Definition of the delay times measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 5. Definition of the low side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 6. Definition of the high side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Figure 7. On state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 8. Off state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 9. High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 10. Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 11. Input high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 12. Input low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 13. Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 14. High level enable pin current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 15. Delay time during change of operation mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 16. Enable clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 17. High level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 18. Low level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Figure 19. PWM high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 20. PWM low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 21. PWM high level current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 22. Overvoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 23. Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 24. Current limitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 25. On state high side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 26. On state low side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 27. On state high side resistance vs Vcc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 28. On state low side resistance vs Vcc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 29. Output voltage rise time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 30. Output voltage fall time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 31. Enable output low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 32. ON state leg resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 33. Typical application circuit for DC to 10 kHz PWM operation short circuit protection . . . . . 20 Figure 34. Half-bridge configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 35. Multi-motors configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 36. Waveforms in full bridge operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 37. Waveforms in full bridge operation (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Figure 38. MultiPowerSO-30™ PC board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 39. Chipset configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 40. Auto and mutual Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 41. MultiPowerSO-30 HSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Figure 42. MultiPowerSO-30 LSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Figure 43. Thermal fitting model of an H-bridge in MultiPowerSO-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Figure 44. MultiPowerSO-30 package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 45. MultiPowerSO-30 suggested pad layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figure 46. MultiPowerSO-30 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Figure 47. MultiPowerSO-30 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

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VNH3SP30-E	Block diagram and pins description

1 Block diagram and pins description

Figure 1. Block diagram

	Table 2.	Block description
	Name		Description
	Logic control		Allows the turn-on and the turn-off of the high side and the low side switches
			according to the truth table
	Overvoltage +		Shuts down the device outside the range [5.5V..36V] for the battery voltage
	undervoltage
	High side and low		Protects the high side and the low side switches from the high voltage on the
	side clamp voltage		battery line in all configurations for the motor
	High side and low		Drives the gate of the concerned switch to allow a proper RDS(on) for the leg of
	side driver		the bridge
	Linear current limiter		Limits the motor current by reducing the high side switch gate-source voltage
			when short-circuit to ground occurs
	Overtemperature		In case of short-circuit with the increase of the junction’s temperature, shuts
	protection		down the concerned high side to prevent its degradation and to protect the die
	Fault detection		Signals an abnormal behavior of the switches in the half-bridge A or B by
			pulling low the concerned ENx/DIAGx pin

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Block diagram and pins description		VNH3SP30-E
	Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view)

Table 3.	Pin definitions and functions
Pin No		Symbol	Function
1, 25, 30		OUTA, Heat Slug3	Source of high side switch A / Drain of low side switch A
2, 4, 7, 9, 12,
14, 17, 22, 24,		NC	Not connected
29
3, 13, 23		VCC, Heat Slug1	Drain of high side switches and power supply voltage
6		ENA/DIAGA	Status of high side and low side switches A; open drain output
5		INA	Clockwise input
8		PWM	PWM input
11		INB	Counter clockwise input
10		ENB/DIAGB	Status of high side and low side switches B; open drain output
15, 16, 21		OUTB, Heat Slug2	Source of high side switch B / Drain of low side switch B
26, 27, 28		GND	Source of low side switch A(1)
		A
18, 19, 20		GNDB	Source of low side switch B(1)

1. GNDA and GNDB must be externally connected together.

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VNH3SP30-E			Block diagram and pins description
	Table 4.	Pin functions description
	Name		Description
	VCC		Battery connection
	GNDA, GNDB		Power grounds; must always be externally connected together
	OUTA, OUTB		Power connections to the motor
			Voltage controlled input pins with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. These two pins
	INA, INB		control the state of the bridge in normal operation according to the truth table (brake
			to VCC, brake to GND, clockwise and counterclockwise).
			Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. Gates of low side
	PWM		FETs are modulated by the PWM signal during their ON phase allowing speed
			control of the motor.
			Open drain bidirectional logic pins. These pins must be connected to an external pull
	ENA/DIAGA,		up resistor. When externally pulled low, they disable half-bridge A or B. In case of
			fault detection (thermal shutdown of a high side FET or excessive ON state voltage
	ENB/DIAGB		drop across a low side FET), these pins are pulled low by the device (see truth table
			in fault condition).

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Electrical specifications	VNH3SP30-E

2 Electrical specifications

Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions

2.1Absolute maximum ratings

	Table 5.	Absolute maximum ratings
	Symbol	Parameter	Value	Unit
	Vcc	Supply voltage	-0.3...40	V
	Imax1	Maximum output current (continuous)	30	A
	IR	Reverse output current (continuous)	-30
	IIN	Input current (INA and INB pins)	±10
	IEN	Enable input current (DIAGA/ENA and DIAGB/ENB pins)	±10	mA
	Ipw	PWM input current	±10
		Electrostatic discharge (R = 1.5kΩ, C = 100pF)
	VESD	– logic pins	4	kV
		– output pins: OUTA, OUTB, VCC	5	kV
	Tj	Junction operating temperature	Internally limited
	Tc	Case operating temperature	-40 to 150	°C
	TSTG	Storage temperature	-55 to 150

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VNH3SP30-E	Electrical specifications

2.2Electrical characteristics

Vcc = 9V up to 18V; -40°C < Tj < 150°C, unless otherwise specified.

Table 6.	Power section
Symbol	Parameter			Test Conditions	Min		Typ	Max	Unit
VCC	Operating supply				5.5			36	V
	voltage
			Off state:
			INA = INB = PWM = 0; Tj = 25°C; VCC = 13V			20		30	µA
I	Supply current		INA = INB = PWM = 0					40	µA
S
			On state:
			INA or INB = 5V, no PWM					15	mA
RONHS	Static high side		IOUT = 12A; Tj = 25°C			23		30
	resistance		IOUT = 12A; Tj = -40 to 150°C					60	mΩ
RONLS	Static low side		IOUT = 12A; Tj = 25°C			11		15
	resistance		IOUT = 12A; Tj = -40 to 150°C					30
	High side free-
Vf	wheeling diode		If = 12 A			0.8		1.1	V
	forward voltage
	High side off state		Tj = 25°C; VOUTX = ENX = 0V; VCC = 13V					3
IL(off)	output current								µA
			Tj = 125°C; VOUTX = ENX = 0V; VCC = 13V					5
	(per channel)
Table 7.	Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB)
Symbol	Parameter			Test conditions	Min		Typ	Max	Unit
VIL	Input low level voltage			Normal operation (DIAGX/ENX pin acts				1.5
VIH	Input high level voltage				3.25
				as an input pin)
VIHYST	Input hysteresis voltage				0.5				V
VICL	Input clamp voltage			IIN = 1mA	6		6.8	8
				IIN = -1mA	-1		-0.7	-0.3
IINL	Input low current			VIN = 1.5V	1				µA
IINH	Input high current			VIN = 3.25V				10
VDIAG	Enable output low level			Fault operation (DIAGX/ENX pin acts as				0.4	V
	voltage			an output pin); IEN = 1mA

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Electrical specifications

VNH3SP30-E

Table 8.

PWM

Symbol

Parameter

Test Conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

Vpwl

PWM low level voltage

1.5

V

Ipwl

PWM low level pin

Vpw = 1.5V

1

µA

current

Vpwh

PWM high level voltage

3.25

V

Ipwh

PWM high level pin

Vpw = 3.25V

10

µA

current

Vpwhhyst

PWM hysteresis voltage

0.5

Vpwcl

PWM clamp voltage

Ipw = 1mA

VCC + 0.3

VCC + 0.7

VCC + 1

V

Ipw = -1mA

-5

-3.5

-2

Vpwtest

Test mode PWM pin

-3.5

-2

-0.5

V

voltage

Ipwtest

Test mode PWM pin

VIN = -2 V

-2000

-500

µA

current

Table 9.

Switching (VCC = 13V, RLOAD = 1.1Ω, unless otherwise specified)

Symbol

Parameter

Test Conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

f

PWM frequency

0

10

kHz

td(on)

Turn-on delay time

Input rise time < 1µs

100

300

(see Figure 6)

td(off)

Turn-off delay time

Input rise time < 1µs

85

255

(see Figure 6)

µs

tr

Rise time

(see Figure 5)

1.5

3

tf

Fall time

(see Figure 5)

2

5

tDEL

Delay time during change

(see Figure 4)

600

1800

of operating mode

Table 10.

Protection and diagnostic

Symbol

Parameter

Test Conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

VUSD

Undervoltage shut-down

5.5

V

VOV

Overvoltage shut-down

36

43

ILIM

Current limitation

30

45

A

TTSD

Thermal shut-down temperature

VIN = 3.25V

150

170

200

TTR

Thermal reset temperature

135

°C

THYST

Thermal hysteresis

7

15

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