ST VNH3SP30-E User Manual
Features
VNH3SP30-E
Automotive fully integrated H-bridge motor driver
Type R
VNH3SP30-E
■ Output current: 30A
■ 5V logic level compatible inputs
■ Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown
■ Overvoltage clamp
■ Thermal shut down
■ Cross-conduction protection
■ Linear current limiter
■ Very low standby power consumption
■ PWM operation up to 10 kHz
■ Protection against loss of ground and loss of
V
CC
■ Package: ECOPACK
DS(on)
45mΩ max
(per leg)
®
I
V
out
30A 40V
ccmax
Description
The VNH3SP30-E is a full-bridge motor driver
intended for a wide range of automotive
applications. The device incorporates a dual
monolithic high-side driver (HSD) and two lowside switches. The HSD switch is designed using
STMicroelectronics proprietary VIPower™ M0-3
technology that efficiently integrates a true Power
MOSFET with an intelligent signal/protection
circuit on the same die.
MultiPowerSO-30™
The low-side switches are vertical MOSFETs
manufactured using STMicroelectronics
proprietary EHD (“STripFET™”) process.The
three circuits are assembled in a MultiPowerSO30 package on electrically isolated lead frames.
This package, specifically designed for the harsh
automotive environment, offers improved thermal
performance thanks to exposed die pads.
Moreover, its fully symmetrical mechanical design
provides superior manufacturability at board level.
The input signals IN
and INB can directly
A
interface with the microcontroller to select the
motor direction and the brake condition. Pins
DIAG
/ENA or DIAGB/ENB, when connected to an
A
external pull-up resistor, enable one leg of the
bridge. They also provide a feedback digital
diagnostic signal. The normal condition operation
is explained in The speed of the motor can be
controlled in all possible conditions by the PWM
up to kHz. In all cases, a low level state on the
PWM pin will turn off both the LS
switches. When PWM rises to a high level, LS
LS
turn on again depending on the input pin
B
and LS
A
B
or
A
state.
Table 1. Device summary
Order codes
Package
Tube Tape & reel
MultiPowerSO-30 VNH3SP30-E VNH3SP30TR-E
February 2008 Rev 7 1/33
www.st.com
33
Contents VNH3SP30-E
Contents
1 Block diagram and pins description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.1 Reverse battery protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2 Open load detection in Off mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.3 Test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4 Package and PCB thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.1 MultiPowerSO-30 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.1.1 Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in steadystate mode 26
4.1.2 Thermal resistances definition
(values according to the PCB heatsink area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.3 Thermal calculation in transient mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.4 Single pulse thermal impedance definition
(values according to the PCB heatsink area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5 Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.1 ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.2 MultiPowerSO-30 package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.3 Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2/33
VNH3SP30-E List of tables
List of tables
Table 1. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table 2. Block description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Table 3. Pin definitions and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table 4. Pin functions description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 5. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table 6. Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 7. Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 8. PWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 9. Switching (V
Table 10. Protection and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 11. Truth table in normal operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 12. Truth table in fault conditions (detected on OUTA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 13. Electrical transient requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 14. Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in steady-state mode . . . . 26
Table 15. Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table 16. MultiPowerSO-30 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 17. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
=13V, R
CC
=1.1Ω, unless otherwise specified) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
LOAD
3/33
List of figures VNH3SP30-E
List of figures
Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 4. Definition of the delay times measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 5. Definition of the low side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 6. Definition of the high side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 7. On state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 8. Off state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 9. High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 10. Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 11. Input high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 12. Input low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 13. Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 14. High level enable pin current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 15. Delay time during change of operation mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 16. Enable clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 17. High level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 18. Low level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 19. PWM high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 20. PWM low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 21. PWM high level current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 22. Overvoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 23. Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 24. Current limitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 25. On state high side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 26. On state low side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 27. On state high side resistance vs Vcc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 28. On state low side resistance vs Vcc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 29. Output voltage rise time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 30. Output voltage fall time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 31. Enable output low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 32. ON state leg resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 33. Typical application circuit for DC to 10 kHz PWM operation short circuit protection . . . . . 20
Figure 34. Half-bridge configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 35. Multi-motors configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 36. Waveforms in full bridge operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 37. Waveforms in full bridge operation (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 38. MultiPowerSO-30™ PC board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 39. Chipset configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 40. Auto and mutual Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 41. MultiPowerSO-30 HSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 42. MultiPowerSO-30 LSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse. . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 43. Thermal fitting model of an H-bridge in MultiPowerSO-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 44. MultiPowerSO-30 package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 45. MultiPowerSO-30 suggested pad layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 46. MultiPowerSO-30 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 47. MultiPowerSO-30 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4/33
VNH3SP30-E Block diagram and pins description
1 Block diagram and pins description
Figure 1. Block diagram
Table 2. Block description
Name Description
Logic control
Overvoltage +
undervoltage
High side and low
side clamp voltage
High side and low
side driver
Linear current limiter
Overtemperature
protection
Fault detection
Allows the turn-on and the turn-off of the high side and the low side switches
according to the truth table
Shuts down the device outside the range [5.5V..36V] for the battery voltage
Protects the high side and the low side switches from the high voltage on the
battery line in all configurations for the motor
Drives the gate of the concerned switch to allow a proper R
the bridge
Limits the motor current by reducing the high side switch gate-source voltage
when short-circuit to ground occurs
In case of short-circuit with the increase of the junction’s temperature, shuts
down the concerned high side to prevent its degradation and to protect the die
Signals an abnormal behavior of the switches in the half-bridge A or B by
pulling low the concerned EN
/DIAGx pin
x
DS(on)
for the leg of
5/33
Block diagram and pins description VNH3SP30-E
Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view)
Table 3. Pin definitions and functions
Pin No Symbol Function
1, 25, 30 OUT
, Heat Slug3 Source of high side switch A / Drain of low side switch A
A
2, 4, 7, 9, 12,
14, 17, 22, 24, 29NC Not connected
3, 13, 23 VCC, Heat Slug1 Drain of high side switches and power supply voltage
6EN
5IN
A
A
/DIAG
A
Status of high side and low side switches A; open drain output
Clockwise input
8 PWM PWM input
11 IN
10 EN
15, 16, 21 OUT
26, 27, 28 GND
18, 19, 20 GND
1. GNDA and GNDB must be externally connected together.
B
/DIAG
B
B
, Heat Slug2 Source of high side switch B / Drain of low side switch B
B
A
B
Counter clockwise input
Status of high side and low side switches B; open drain output
Source of low side switch A
Source of low side switch B
(1)
(1)
6/33
VNH3SP30-E Block diagram and pins description
Table 4. Pin functions description
Name Description
V
CC
, GNDBPower grounds; must always be externally connected together
GND
A
OUTBPower connections to the motor
OUT
A,
Battery connection
Voltage controlled input pins with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. These two pins
IN
A, INB
control the state of the bridge in normal operation according to the truth table (brake
to VCC, brake to GND, clockwise and counterclockwise).
Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. Gates of low side
PWM
FETs are modulated by the PWM signal during their ON phase allowing speed
control of the motor.
Open drain bidirectional logic pins. These pins must be connected to an external pull
ENA/DIAGA,
ENB/DIAG
up resistor. When externally pulled low, they disable half-bridge A or B. In case of
fault detection (thermal shutdown of a high side FET or excessive ON state voltage
B
drop across a low side FET), these pins are pulled low by the device (see truth table
in fault condition).
7/33
Electrical specifications VNH3SP30-E
2 Electrical specifications
Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions
2.1 Absolute maximum ratings
Table 5. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
V
cc
I
max1
I
R
I
IN
EN
I
pw
V
ESD
T
j
c
T
STG
Supply voltage -0.3...40 V
Maximum output current (continuous) 30
Reverse output current (continuous) -30
Input current (INA and INB pins) ±10
Enable input current (DIAGA/ENA and DIAGB/ENB pins) ±10
PWM input current ±10
Electrostatic discharge (R = 1.5kΩ, C = 100pF)
– logic pins
– output pins: OUT
, OUTB, V
A
CC
Junction operating temperature Internally limited
Case operating temperature -40 to 150
Storage temperature -55 to 150
A
mAI
4
5
kV
kV
°CT
8/33
VNH3SP30-E Electrical specifications
2.2 Electrical characteristics
Vcc = 9V up to 18V; -40°C < Tj< 150°C, unless otherwise specified.
Table 6. Power section
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
V
Operating supply
CC
voltage
5.5 36 V
Off state:
20 3040µA
I
S
Supply current
=INB=PWM=0; Tj= 25°C; VCC=13V
IN
A
=INB=PWM=0
IN
A
On state:
or INB=5V, no PWM 15 mA
IN
A
R
ONHS
R
ONLS
Static high side
resistance
Static low side
resistance
= 12A; Tj= 25°C
I
OUT
= 12A; Tj= -40 to 150°C
I
OUT
= 12A; Tj= 25°C
I
OUT
= 12A; Tj= -40 to 150°C
I
OUT
23 30
60
mΩ
11 15
30
High side free-
V
wheeling diode
f
= 12 A0.81.1V
I
f
forward voltage
I
L(off)
High side off state
output current
(per channel)
Tj=25°C; V
= 125°C; V
T
j
=ENX=0V; VCC=13V
OUTX
=ENX=0V; VCC=13V
OUTX
3
5
Table 7. Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB)
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min Typ Max Unit
V
IL
V
IH
V
IHYST
V
ICL
I
INL
I
INH
V
DIAG
Input low level voltage
Input high level voltage 3.25
Normal operation (DIAG
as an input pin)
/ENX pin acts
X
1.5
Input hysteresis voltage 0.5
IIN=1mA 6 6.8 8
Input clamp voltage
= -1mA -1 -0.7 -0.3
I
IN
Input low current VIN=1.5V 1
Input high current VIN=3.25V 10
Enable output low level
voltage
Fault operation (DIAGX/ENX pin acts as
an output pin); IEN=1mA
0.4 V
µA
µA
V
µA
9/33
Electrical specifications VNH3SP30-E
Table 8. PWM
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
V
pwl
I
pwl
V
pwh
I
pwh
V
pwhhyst
V
pwcl
V
pwtest
I
pwtest
Table 9. Switching (VCC=13V, R
PWM low level voltage 1.5 V
PWM low level pin
current
V
=1.5V 1 µA
pw
PWM high level voltage 3.25 V
PWM high level pin
current
V
= 3.25V 10 µA
pw
PWM hysteresis voltage 0.5
I
= 1mA VCC+0.3 VCC+0.7 VCC+1
PWM clamp voltage
Test mode PWM pin
voltage
Test mode PWM pin
current
pw
= -1mA -5 -3.5 -2
I
pw
-3.5 -2 -0.5 V
= -2 V -2000 -500 µA
V
IN
=1.1Ω, unless otherwise specified)
LOAD
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
f PWM frequency 0 10 kHz
t
d(on)
t
d(off)
t
r
t
f
t
DEL
Table 10. Protection and diagnostic
Turn-on delay time
Turn-off delay time
Rise time (see Figure 5)1.53
Fall time (see Figure 5)25
Delay time during change
of operating mode
Input rise time < 1µs
(see Figure 6)
Input rise time < 1µs
(see Figure 6)
100 300
85 255
(see Figure 4) 600 1800
V
µs
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
V
V
I
T
T
LIM
USD
OV
TSD
TR
HYST
Undervoltage shut-down 5.5
Overvoltage shut-down 36 43
Current limitation 30 45 A
Thermal shut-down temperature V
Thermal reset temperature 135
Thermal hysteresis 7 15
10/33
= 3.25V 150 170 200
IN
V
°CT
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