Simrad AP25 User Manual

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MANUAL

SIMRAD AP25

Autopilot

20221495F Sw.1.3 English

Instruction manual

Instruction Manual

This manual is intended as a reference guide for operating and correctly installing the AP25 autopilot.

Great care has been paid to simplify operation and set-up of the Simrad AP25, however, an autopilot is a complex electronic system. It is affected by sea conditions, speed of the vessel, hull shape and size.

Please take time to read this manual to get a thorough understanding of the operation and system components and their relationship to a complete AP25 autopilot system.

Other documentation material that is included in this manual is a warranty card. This must be filled out by the authorized dealer that performed the installation and mailed in to activate the warranty.

20221495F 1

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Document history

Rev. A First edition.

Rev. B Minor corrections in text. Table with SimNet/NMEA2000 messages

included.

Rev. C FU50 substituted by FU25. Part no. for AC40 Power PCB ass’y, page 136

corrected. Added notes in chapter 3.19. Minor corrections in text and display pictures.

Rev. D Figures 3-6, 3-9, 3-19 and drawing/screen picture on page 39 and 50

corrected. Minor corrections in text. Updated according to autopilot SW

1.2.00

Rev. E Virtual feedback implemented. Minor corrections to text. Applies for SW

1.2.01 and onwards.

Rev. F Correction on page 71, 93 and 150 regarding external alarm on AC10. Use

of AT10 for connection of NMEA compass when AC10 is used as autopilot computer, page 90.

2 20221495F

Instruction manual

Contents

1 System description ....................................................................................... 9

1.1 General .................................................................................................. 9

1.2 How to use this manual......................................................................... 9

1.3 System components............................................................................. 10

1.4 AP25 Control Unit .............................................................................. 11

1.5 Autopilot Computer ............................................................................ 11

1.6 RF300 Rudder Feedback unit ............................................................. 11

1.7 Heading Sensors.................................................................................. 12

RC36 Rate compass ............................................................................ 12

RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate Compass (optional) ................................ 12

NMEA compass (optional) ................................................................. 12

Simrad gyrocompasses........................................................................ 12

1.8 Optional equipment.............................................................................13

R3000X Remote Control ....................................................................13

JS10 Joystick.......................................................................................13

FU25 Follow-Up Steering Lever ........................................................ 13

TI25 Thruster Interface ....................................................................... 13

Multiple stations.................................................................................. 14

1.9 Software record ................................................................................... 14

2 Operation.................................................................................................... 15

2.1 Overview............................................................................................. 15

2.2 ON/OFF - Standby mode .................................................................... 16

Flashing course knob icon ..................................................................17

Alarms ................................................................................................. 17

2.3 AP25 with MSD50 Stern Drive unit...................................................18

Zero point setting ................................................................................ 18

2.4 Follow-Up steering (FU)..................................................................... 19

2.5 Non-Follow-Up steering (NFU) .........................................................19

2.6 R3000X Remote Control (NFU)......................................................... 20

2.7 JS10 Joystick (NFU) ........................................................................... 20

2.8 Automatic Steering .............................................................................21

20221495F 3

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Heading capture ..................................................................................

2.9 Automatic control of steering parameters...........................................22

Power boat........................................................................................... 22

Sailboat................................................................................................ 23

2.10 Manual Selection of HI/LO Parameters..............................................23

2.11 PATTERN steering.............................................................................24

U-turn .................................................................................................. 24

C-turn .................................................................................................. 25

Spiral-turn ...........................................................................................26

Zigzag-turns ........................................................................................ 27

Square-turn..........................................................................................28

Lazy S-turn.......................................................................................... 29

Depth Contour.....................................................................................30

2.12 Dodge in AUTO.................................................................................. 32

2.13 Thruster Steering (optional)................................................................33

2.14 Tacking in Auto mode ........................................................................35

2.15 NoDrift................................................................................................ 35

Dodge in NoDrift mode ...................................................................... 36

2.16 Navigating with the AP25................................................................... 37

Setting the waypoint arrival circle ...................................................... 39

2.17 Dodge in NAV .................................................................................... 40

2.18 Selecting a different Navigation source.............................................. 41

2.19 Wind vane steering..............................................................................41

2.20 Tacking and gybing in Wind mode.....................................................43

Tack and gybe operations ...................................................................44

Tack and gybe prevent ........................................................................ 44

2.21 Wind steering and navigation ............................................................. 45

Operating in WIND

mode ............................................................. 47

NAV

RACING .............................................................................................47

2.22 Multiple station system....................................................................... 48

2.23 Lock function...................................................................................... 48

2.24 User Set-up Menu ............................................................................... 50

Alternating Course Knob Icon............................................................ 50

STANDBY Mode ...............................................................................50

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Instruction manual

AUTO Mode .......................................................................................

NAV Mode.......................................................................................... 58

WIND Mode .......................................................................................58

2.25 Quick Setup......................................................................................... 59

VMG optimizing (RACING).............................................................. 59

Layline steering (RACING)................................................................ 60

2.26 INFO menu ......................................................................................... 60

Course knob icon ................................................................................62

INFO menu flowchart ......................................................................... 62

INFO menu and Main Screen, active unit ..........................................63

INFO menu and Main Screen, inactive or locked unit ....................... 63

3 Installation.................................................................................................. 65

3.1 General ................................................................................................ 65

3.2 Installation checklist ...........................................................................65

3.3 Unpacking and handling ..................................................................... 66

3.4 Determine system configuration ......................................................... 66

3.5 AP25 System Layout ..........................................................................67

3.6 RF300 Rudder feedback installation................................................... 67

3.7 Autopilot computer installation ..........................................................69

3.8 Cable connections ............................................................................... 70

3.9 Grounding and RFI ............................................................................. 70

3.10 Drive unit installation..........................................................................72

Connecting a reversible pump ............................................................74

Connecting a hydraulic linear drive.................................................... 75

Connecting a solenoid valve ............................................................... 75

3.11 Control unit installation ...................................................................... 76

Panel mounting ...................................................................................76

Alternative panel mounting................................................................. 76

Optional bracket mounting .................................................................77

3.12 ROBNET2 network cables ................................................................. 77

AP27 connection................................................................................. 79

3.13 RC36 Rate Compass installation ........................................................ 79

3.14 RFC35 Fluxgate Compass installation ...............................................81

3.15 R3000X Remote Control installation .................................................82

20221495F 5

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.16

JS10 Joystick....................................................................................... 82

3.17 S35 NFU Lever installation ................................................................ 82

3.18 Interfacing ........................................................................................... 83

3.19 SimNet.................................................................................................83

SimNet network cables ....................................................................... 84

SimNet power and termination ........................................................... 84

3.20 Single NMEA input/output.................................................................89

3.21 Double NMEA input/output ............................................................... 89

3.22 NMEA output on Port 2......................................................................90

3.23 NMEA Compass input........................................................................90

3.24 Radar Clock/Data................................................................................ 91

3.25 IS15 Instrument installation................................................................91

3.26 External Alarm....................................................................................93

3.27 LF3000 Linear Feedback.................................................................... 93

4 Configuration and setup ...........................................................................95

4.1 First time turn on.................................................................................95

4.2 Description of Installation Settings..................................................... 96

4.3 Installation Menu ................................................................................97

Language selection.............................................................................. 98

4.4 Dockside settings ..............................................................................100

Boat type ........................................................................................... 100

Drive unit voltage..............................................................................101

Rudder Feedback Calibration ...........................................................101

Rudder Test ....................................................................................... 103

Drive engage ..................................................................................... 105

Rudder Deadband.............................................................................. 105

Wind setup ........................................................................................106

Minimum wind angle (NORMAL)...................................................106

Minimum wind angle (RACING)..................................................... 107

Tack angle (RACING)...................................................................... 107

Tack time (RACING)........................................................................ 107

Wind shift limit (RACING) .............................................................. 108

Dockside settings when configured for Virtual Feedback................109

4.5 Interface Settings............................................................................... 113

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Instruction manual

4.6

Display units .....................................................................................113

4.7 Sea Trial ............................................................................................ 114

Set Rudder zero................................................................................. 115

Minimum rudder ............................................................................... 115

Compass calibration.......................................................................... 116

Compass Offset ................................................................................. 118

Set Thrust Direction .......................................................................... 119

Wind Offset.......................................................................................120

Wind damping...................................................................................120

Depth Offset...................................................................................... 121

Automatic tuning............................................................................... 121

Transition Speed ...............................................................................123

Init NAV ...........................................................................................123

NAV change limit ............................................................................. 124

Rudder play compensation................................................................ 124

4.8 Parameters ......................................................................................... 125

Manual parameter adjust................................................................... 126

Recall Autotuned?.............................................................................128

4.9 Service Menu ....................................................................................128

System Data Menu ............................................................................ 129

SimNet and NMEA Data Screen ......................................................129

NMEA Port test (AC hardware) .......................................................130

Simnet setup...................................................................................... 131

Master Reset......................................................................................132

Final sea trial..................................................................................... 132

Providing user training...................................................................... 133

5 Maintenance ............................................................................................. 135

5.1 Control unit ....................................................................................... 135

5.2 Autopilot Computer ..........................................................................135

5.3 Rudder Feedback...............................................................................135

5.4 Compass ............................................................................................ 135

5.5 Drive unit ..........................................................................................135

5.6 Exchange of software programme .................................................... 136

Autopilot Computer ..........................................................................136

20221495F 7

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Autopilot Control Unit......................................................................

137

6 Trouble shooting ...................................................................................... 139

6.1 Alarms ............................................................................................... 139

7 Spare Parts List........................................................................................ 144

8 Technical Specifications .......................................................................... 147

8.1 AP25 Autopilot System ....................................................................147

8.2 AP25 Control Unit ............................................................................ 149

8.3 Autopilot Computers......................................................................... 150

8.4 RC36 Rate compass .......................................................................... 152

8.5 RFC35 Fluxgate compass ................................................................. 153

8.6 RF300 Rudder Feedback................................................................... 153

8.7 R3000X Remote Control ..................................................................155

8.8 JS10 Joystick.....................................................................................155

8.9 FU25 Steering Lever.........................................................................156

8.10 IS15 Rudder ...................................................................................... 157

8.11 SimNet...............................................................................................158

8.12 IP protection......................................................................................159

8.13 NMEA and SimNet messages........................................................... 160

9 Glossary ....................................................................................................164

10 Index.......................................................................................................... 167

SALES AND SERVICE WORLDWIDE

8 20221495F

1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.1 General

Congratulations on the purchase of your new Simrad AP25 autopilot system and thank you for selecting what we feel is the most advanced autopilot system available on the market today.

Simrad manufactures a complete range of autopilots for all types of vessels, from recreational boats to merchant marine vessels. The company's involvement in autopilots began in 1953 with equipment for the North Sea fishing fleet under the brand name Robertson. Professional mariners around the world acknowledge that the Robertson and Simrad brand names are synonymous with the absolute best in autopilot technology.

The Simrad AP25 autopilot represents yet another step forward in autopilot technology with the intent of providing leisure boats between 30 and 80 foot with a host of new features. Among these the new Virtual Feedback algorithms in the autopilot software enable your autopilot to steer without having to mount a conventional rudder feedback unit.

System description

The autopilot system can be expanded and enhanced with a selection of options and accessories.

The brain in the AP25 autopilot system is the single "intelligent" autopilot computer that communicates on the proprietary Robnet2 network to establish a reliable digital communication and power distribution network between the units in the autopilot system.

The AP25 autopilot is also equipped with the SimNet data and control network. SimNet provides high speed data transfer and control of Simrad products integrated in a total steering and navigation system.

1.2 How to use this manual

This manual is intended as a reference guide for operating, installing and maintaining the Simrad AP25 autopilot. Great care has been paid to simplify operation and set-up of the AP25.

Please take time to read this manual to get a thorough understanding of the operation and system components and their relationship to a complete AP25 autopilot system.

20221495F 9

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Other documentation material that is provided with your system includes a warranty card. This must be filled out by the authorized dealer that performed the installation and mailed in to activate the warranty.

1.3 System components

A basic AP25 system consists of the following units (refer to Figure 1-1):

• AP25 Control Unit with accessories

• Autopilot Computer

• Rate compass

• Rudder Feedback Unit with transmission link

• Drive unit

The basic system can be expanded with multiple fixed and hand held full function control units, hand held remote and steering lever.

Figure 1-1 AP25 Basic system

10 20221495F

1.4 AP25 Control Unit

A compact autopilot control for panel, bulkhead or bracket mounting. Large LCD 5” display for readout of autopilot data, mode keys and a rotary course knob. It has two Robnet2 connectors for system interconnection and expansion and two SimNet connectors for control and data sharing with other Simrad products. A NMEA2000 Adaptor Cable is available for interface through a SimNet port (page

1.5 Autopilot Computer

The autopilot computer is the heart in the AP25 autopilot system. It contains the steering computer, interface to other system components, NMEA 0183 interface and drive electronics for the drive unit motor and clutch. Three models, AC10, AC20 and AC40 are available.

System description

146).

Autopilot computer comparison chart:

AC10 AC20 (AC40)

Supply voltage 10-28 V 10-40 V

Motor current (continuous/peak) 6/12 A 10/20A (20/40A)

Clutch/bypass current 1,5 A* 1,5 A*

Number of control units 2 7

NMEA 0183 ports (input/output) 1 2

Solenoid output x x

Input for NFU control x x

External alarm x

Radar clock/data interface x

Input for NMEA compass x

* 3A on later models

1.6 RF300 Rudder Feedback unit

Rudder feedback unit with transmission link and 10 m (30 feet) of cable. Transforms the angular travel of the rudder to a digital signal read by the autopilot steering computer.

20221495F 11

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

1.7 Heading Sensors

The AP25 autopilot can be used with the following combinations of heading sensors:

RC36 Rate compass

Fluxgate compass with integrated rate sensor. Provides a dramatic improvement to the dynamic performance of both the autopilot and a stabilized radar display.

RC36 comes as standard with the autopilot.

RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate Compass (optional)

A compact heading sensor from Simrad with 15 m (45 feet) of cable. The direction of the earth's magnetic field is sensed by a floating ring core in a fluxgate coil and transformed to a digital signal read by the autopilot steering computer.

RFC35 can operate as a low cost back-up compass for the AP25 autopilot.

NMEA compass (optional)

A well performing compass that outputs NMEA 0183 HDT or HDG messages at 10 Hz can be connected directly to the AC20 or AC40 autopilot computer.

The AC10 Autopilot Computer has no port for NMEA compass input.

It is absolutely necessary for the autopilot that the heading rate is minimum 10 Hz.

Simrad gyrocompasses

Depending on the model there is direct NMEA0183 interface or you will need an optional GI51 interface unit to get NMEA0183 interface. Ask your Simrad dealer for information.

12 20221495F

1.8 Optional equipment

A series of optional equipment are available for the basic AP25 system.

R3000X Remote Control

A small handheld remote control with two push buttons for power steering or course selection (port and starboard), and one push button with built-in lighted indicator for limited mode change.

JS10 Joystick

The JS10 Joystick is a Non-Follow-Up steering lever designed for indoor and outdoor console mount. It has a spring-loaded return-to-mid-position feature and is equipped with 10 m (33’) of cable and installation hardware.

System description

FU25 Follow-Up Steering Lever

Note ! Not applicable for Virtual feedback configuration (page 66).

The FU25 Follow-up steering lever features a dial with 5° rudder angle markings. The rudder will move and stop at the angle selected on the dial. The FU25 has a mid-position indent, buttons for (limited) mode selection, and mode indicators. It is designed for indoor and outdoor bulkhead or flush panel-mounting.

Refer to the FU25 manual for more information.

TI25 Thruster Interface

The TI25 Thruster Interface is designed to provide a control signal for operating a thruster interfaced to an AP25 system. It operates on/off solenoids, or a Danfoss PVEM valve. The Danfoss valve is a proportional valve that will provide full thruster performance with the output from TI25. The thruster output signal is calculated in the TI25 based on the mode of operation and the heading information. Set-up is from the control unit communicated via Robnet2. All settings are stored in the thruster interface unit.

Refer to the TI25 manual.

20221495F 13

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Multiple stations

Multiple control units can be added to the system. See comparison chart on page

1.9 Software record

When the system is switched on, a status display shows the software versions for the control unit and the autopilot computer. See page

Software version Description

SW 1.1.00 First issue

SW 1.2.00 NoDrift mode implemented. Easy access to

16.

NAV source selection. Selectable NAV change limit implemented. Steering parameters can be changed in Auto mode. User Setup menu re-edited. Outboard selectable as boat type in dockside setup. Improvement in Wind mode algorithms. Depth contour pattern implemented. New INFO page showing SOG/Depth.

11.

SW 1.2.01 Virtual feedback implemented.

SW 1.3.00 Anomalies in Setup and in French and

German language repaired. Updated according to NMEA2000 ver. 1.100.

Note ! Units with SW 1.2.00 and onwards are not compatible with units

with SW 1.1.00.

14 20221495F

Operation

2 OPERATION

WARNING ! An autopilot is a very useful navigational aid, but DOES

NOT under any circumstance replace a human navigator.

Do not use automatic steering when:

• In heavy traffic areas or in narrow waters

• In poor visibility or extreme sea conditions

• When in areas where use of autopilot is prohibited

by law

When using an autopilot:

• Do not leave the helm unattended

• Do not place any magnetic material or equipment

near heading sensor used in the autopilot system

• Verify at regular intervals course and position of

vessel

• Always switch to Standby mode and reduce speed

in due time to avoid hazardous situations

2.1 Overview

Multifunction LCD

STANDBY mode/POWER on/off

PORT key

TURN/ DODGE key

AUTO mode

NAV or WIND mode

INSTRUMENT screens/ setup menus

Figure 2-1 AP25 Front Panel

20221495F 15

STARBOARD key

Course knob

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

The control unit shown above can operate as a stand alone unit in an autopilot system or combined in a multistation system. In a multistation system the command can easily be transferred from one unit to another. Units not in control will display "Inactive" and/or

The AP25 system is capable of the following primary steering modes: STBY (power steering), AUTO, NAV and WIND, each mode having a dedicated push button.

Each of the mode push buttons is clearly identified with the primary function in large text, and a secondary function listed in smaller text. Each button provides you with a multiple function mode display.

A group of user adjustable settings are provided in the AP25 User Setup Menu (page

Alarms are presented in plain text to alert you of system and external data failure conditions. Alarms include both audible and visual presentations. The alarm listing is on page

50).

139.

2.2 ON/OFF - Standby mode

Note ! At first time turn on see chapter 4.1.

A single press on the STBY button switches the system ON and the following status displays are shown:

Autopilot model

Simrad

AP25

Software version

SimNet no.

Autopilot computer model

Software version

Power board revision

Main board revision

SW 1.2.01

HW rev. 00

Sn xxxxxx

Simrad

AC20

SW 1.2.01

P00 M00 S000

Software release

Hardware revision

Software release

Self check

SW and HW revisions shown are examples only.

16 20221495F

Operation

After approximately 5 seconds, the system is operative and the unit that was turned on will show the Standby mode display. Other units in a multistation system will display "Inactive". Control is transferred to any single unit by pressing its’ STBY button.

A long press (2-3 sec.) on the STBY button switches the system OFF and during this time, the alarm will sound.

Note ! In an emergency, it is possible, on a multistation system, to turn

OFF the system at any control unit by pressing the STBY button for 2-3 seconds.

STBY mode is the mode that is used when steering the boat at the helm.

Display information:

− Standby mode

− Current heading 345°

− Rudder angle 1° to

starboard.

Note ! When the autopilot operates on Virtual feedback, the numerical

indication of the rudder angle is omitted.

Virtual feedback

See pages 67 and 109 about Virtual feedback.

Flashing course knob icon

When the course knob and the PORT/STBD buttons are used for settings etc., an icon will flash on the screen to tell that no course changes can be made unless you press the AUTO button.

Alarms

In the event there is an audible alarm with explaining text on the control unit, refer to section

20221495F 17

6, Trouble shooting.

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

2.3 AP25 with MSD50 Stern Drive unit

Note ! The information in section 2.3 only applies if your autopilot is

driving a Simrad MSD50 Stern Drive.

The MSD50 Stern drive unit has a relative feedback signal which needs a zero point setting after the autopilot has been turned on. Refer to the MSD50 manual for further information.

Zero point setting

Note ! If you do not need a rudder angle display when leaving the dock,

just steer the boat manually on a straight course and press the AUTO button. The zero point is then set automatically.

If you prefer to use the rudder angle display when leaving the dock, proceed as follows:

After turn on the rudder angle display will alternate between 10 degrees port and starboard to indicate that the "rudder" zero point need be set.

Use the wheel to bring the "rudder" to midship position. Turn the wheel from lock to lock (H.O. to H.O.) and count the exact number of turns. Then start from one lock position and turn the half number of turns.

Press AUTO and then STBY. The zero point is now set and the display will show:

Follow the operating instructions on the following pages. There is no further need for zero point settings until next time you turn the autopilot on.

18 20221495F

Operation

2.4 Follow-Up steering (FU)

Note ! Not applicable for Virtual feedback configuration (page 67).

In the Follow-Up steering mode the course knob may be used to set rudder commands. The commanded rudder angle is shown on the display and the rudder will move to the commanded angle and stop.

Press both

buttons

simultaneously

to activate

Use course

knob to

command

rudder angle

Follow-Up

WARNING ! While in Follow-up mode you cannot take manual control

of the wheel.

Return to manual control in Standby by pressing the STBY button

2.5 Non-Follow-Up steering (NFU)

In Standby mode, the NFU display is presented when the PORT or STBD button is pressed. The rudder will move as long as the button is pressed and the rudder angle is shown on the display.

Activates PORT rudder command

Activates STBD rudder command

Note ! When a NFU steering lever or remote control is operated, other

control units become “Inactive”.

20221495F 19

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

2.6 R3000X Remote Control (NFU)

In STANDBY mode, the rudder will

SIMRAD

Push button for Port and Stbd commands

STBY-AUTO

STBY/automatic.

Automatic modes are active when the lamp is lit.

Simrad R3000X

move as long as the Port or Stbd button is pressed.

In AUTO mode and Wind modes the set course or set wind angle will change 1° each time the button is pressed.

Note!

If you keep the button pressed, it will automatically change the setting in increments of 3° per second.

Mode changes are as per table below.

Initial mode 1

press 2nd press

STBY

AUTO

NAV

STBY

AUTO

WIND

WINDN

Notes !

1. When NAV mode is selected in User Setup

2. When WIND mode is selected in User Setup

3. NAV and WIND

modes can only be entered from the

Control unit because you have to accept the prompt displays.

2.7 JS10 Joystick (NFU)

The principle is similar to that of R3000X Remote Control (see above). The rudder will move as long as the lever is offset to Port or Starboard. JS10 has no mode change feature.

AUTO

STBY

WIND

STBY

AUTO

STBY

WIND

1)3)

Note ! When a NFU steering lever or a remote control is operated, the

control units and FU25 become "Inactive".

20 20221495F

2.8 Automatic Steering

When AUTO mode is selected, the AP25 automatically picks the current boat heading as the set course and maintains the simultaneous rudder angle. This gives a bumpless transfer at the mode change.

The AP25 will keep the boat on the set course until a new mode is selected or a new course is set with the course knob or the PORT or STBD buttons. One revolution of the course knob equals a 45° course change.

Operation

Automatic steering mode

Set course: 340 degrees

Compass reading: 340°M

Heading source: Rate compass

Rudder angle: 00°

Speed: 8.1 kt water speed from the log

Steering parameter: LO-A

Decrease Increase

Course adjust 1°

(or 10°)/ push

Note ! On power boats it is possible in the User Setup menu to set the

CCW: Decrease CW: Increase

buttons to change the course by 10° per press (see page

Course change

255).

Once the course is changed to a new set course, the boat will automatically turn to the new heading and continue to steer straight.

Heading capture

When in AUTO or NoDrift modes this feature allows you to automatically cancel the turn you are in by an instant press on the AUTO or NAV button (NoDrift). The autopilot will counteract the turn and the boat will continue straight ahead on the heading read from the compass the very moment you pressed the AUTO or NAV (NoDrift) button.

20221495F 21

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Automatic steering mode

New “captured” heading: 305 degrees

Compass reading: 301° M (Magnetic) or

T (True)

Heading source: Rate compass

Rudder angle: 01° to stbd.

Speed: 8.1 kt water speed from the log

Steering parameter: LO-A

Regain manual steering by pressing the STBY button

2.9 Automatic control of steering parameters

The AP25 provides two different sets of steering parameters for controlling the response of the boat at different speeds or wind directions while in AUTO, NAV or WIND modes.

Power boat

The AP25 selects the LO (response) steering parameters when engaging an automatic mode from STBY provided there is no speed input. This is a safety feature. When entering an automatic mode at low speed, the steering parameters may be changed to HI automatically by input data from a speed log or a GPS navigator, or manually.

The speed at which the AP25 automatically changes from LO to HI parameters (or opposite) is determined by the "Transition Speed" set in the Installation Setup Menu (Sea trial). See diagram below.

Legend

HI-A High response parameters set automatically

LO-A Low response parameters set automatically

HI-M High response parameters set manually

LO-M Low response parameter set manually

22 20221495F

Operation

Speed

26 24 22 20 18

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2

Transition to LO parameters with increasing speed: 10 Knots

Transition Speed set to 9 Knots

Transition to HI parameters with decreasing speed: 8 Knots

Sailboat

When sailing in WIND mode, the parameters are automatically changed by the direction of the wind as per below or by the boat speed.

The transition between HI and LO parameters and vice versa will have a different characteristics with regards to the wind angle compared with the transition controlled by the speed of the boat.

If you loose too much speed e.g. when tacking, the parameters will change to HI to gain sufficient rudder response. This should be observed when setting the transition speed on sailboats.

2.10 Manual Selection of HI/LO Parameters

Manual selection of HI/LO parameters is necessary if there is no speed input to the autopilot or if you want to override the automatic control.

To toggle between LO and HI parameters, press the "AUTO" button two times quickly.

20221495F 23

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Notes !

1. If you are in NAV or WIND modes you need not mode to manually change the parameter set. Just make a quick double press on the AUTO button.

2. The manually selected setting (HI or LO) will override the automatic selection and remain in effect until you re-enter any automatic mode from STBY.

Quick

double

press

enter AUTO

2.11 PATTERN steering

The AP25 offers a number of different pattern steering features when in AUTO mode. The U-turn pattern is always available. Other turn patterns can be selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

U-turn

This feature is very useful in a man overboard situation and whenever you want to steer back on a reciprocal heading.

U-Turn changes the current set course to be 180 degrees in the opposite direction. The user must decide whether the U-Turn should be made to Port or Starboard when bringing the boat on the new course. U-Turn is activated by a quick press on the TURN/DODGE button. The AP25 will continue on the set course until you press either the PORT or STBD button to select the direction to make the U-Turn. If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the AP25 will return to the AUTO mode and stay on course.

55.

Press

TURN/DODGE to

enter TURN mode

24 20221495F

Select STBD

U-turn

Boat makes

STBD U-

turn

Operation

C-turn

The AP25 provides a continuous turn feature when in AUTO mode. This may be used for circling fish or a particular object on the seabed.

C-turn makes the boat turn in a circle with a constant rate of turn. The user decides whether the C-turn should be made to Port or to Starboard.

Ensure that the C-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

To enter C-turn mode:

First select U-turn with a press of the TURN/DODGE button.

55.

Then select C-turn by another press of the TURN/DODGE button.

Boat turning port

The AP25 will continue on the set course until you press either the PORT or STBD button to select the direction in which to make the C-turn. If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the autopilot will return to AUTO mode and stay on course.

The turn rate can be adjusted before the turn is initiated and during the turn. Increasing the turn rate yields to a smaller circle and vice versa.

To exit C-turn mode, press any of the mode buttons. When pressing the AUTO button, the new set course is shown in the upper portion of the display.

20221495F 25

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Spiral-turn

The spiral turn feature may also be used for circling fish or when searching a particular object on the seabed.

Spiral-turn makes the boat turn in a spiral with a decreasing or increasing rate of turn. The user decides whether the spiral-turn should be made to Port or Starboard.

Ensure that the Spiral-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

To enter Spiral turn mode:

Press the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until SPIRAL is flashing in the display.

55.

The initial rate of turn can be adjusted before the turn is initiated. Increasing the ROT yields to a smaller circle and vice versa. Adjustable range is 10 to 600°/min.

Boat turning starboard

Increase 1 Increase 5 Decrease 1 Decrease 5

To exit spiral-turn mode, press any of the mode buttons. When pressing the AUTO button, the new set course is shown in the upper portion of the display.

The AP25 will continue on the set course until you press either the PORT or STBD button to select the direction in which to make the spiral turn. If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the autopilot will return to AUTO mode and stay on course.

Select “spiral increase” to move outwards in the spiral and “spiral decrease” to move inwards. Higher number gives a wider spiral. When Spiral 0 the boat will turn in a circle. Range: 0-9.

26 20221495F

Operation

Zigzag-turns

A zigzag turn pattern is also available when in AUTO mode.

The user decides whether the first turn should be made to Port or Starboard.

Ensure that the zigzag-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

To enter zigzag turn mode:

Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until ZIGZAG is flashing in the display.

The course change can be set before the turn is initiated. (Range: 2-70°).

The AP25 will continue on the set course until you press either the PORT or STBD button to select the direction in which to make the first course change. If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the autopilot will return to AUTO mode and stay on course.

55.

Boat turning starboard

Initial course change 20°

To exit zigzag-turn mode, press any of the mode buttons. When pressing the AUTO button, the new set course is shown in the upper portion of the display.

While sailing in a zigzag pattern you can alter the course change (4-140°), time on the leg (1-20 min.), and the set course. An arrow shows the direction of the course change.

Main course

Course change 40°

Time on leg

20221495F 27

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Square-turn

The square turn feature in AUTO mode can also be made a rectangle or any pattern when the next turn is 90°.

The user decides whether the first turn should be to Port or Starboard.

Ensure that the Square-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

To enter Square turn mode:

Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until SQUARE is flashing in the display.

55.

The time between each 90° course change can be adjusted before the turn is initiated (1-30 min.).

Boat turning to starboard

When the square turn is selected you can change the time between each course change (1-20 min.) hence the length of the leg. While you are on the leg you can also change the time and thus change the shape of the pattern. You can also at any time change the set course.

To exit square-turn mode, press any of the mode buttons. When pressing the AUTO button, the new set course is shown in the upper portion of the display.

Time

28 20221495F

Operation

Lazy S-turn

The AP25 also provides a lazy S-turn feature when in AUTO mode.

The user decides whether the initial turn should be made to Port or to Starboard.

Ensure that the lazy S-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up 2 menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

To enter Lazy S-turn mode:

Press of the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until LAZY S is flashing in the display.

The course change can be adjusted before the turn is initiated (2-80°).

55.

Boat turning to port

Initial course change

While in a Lazy-S pattern you can alter the course change magnitude (4-160°), the frequency or rate of change (1-9) and the main course. An arrow shows the direction of the turn.

Main course

Course change

Low rate

Main course

High rate

To exit Lazy S-turn mode, press any of the mode buttons. When pressing the AUTO button, the new set course is shown in the upper portion of the display.

20221495F 29

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Depth Contour

Steering to a depth contour is also an AUTO mode feature. With input from an echo sounder, the autopilot can be set to steer the boat to a set depth. This is very useful if you want to follow a depth contour.

Smooth seabed Rocky waters

Slope Narrow channel Ridge

Caution ! Do not use this feature unless the seabed is suitable. Do not use

it in rocky waters where the depth is varying significantly over a small area.

Ensure that the depth-turn pattern has been selected under the User Set-up menu. Refer to Turn Pattern select on page

55.

Make sure you have depth reading available in the system. Press the TURN/DODGE button repeatedly until DEPTH is flashing in the display. The actual depth reading is shown on the display.

30 20221495F

Select depth slope with the course knob. “/” means shallow is to starboard, “\” means shallow to port. Steer the boat to the depth you want to track and in the direction of the depth contour (main course). When the wanted depth is shown in the display, activate the depth contour steering with PORT or STBD button (any of the two).

If you do not press PORT or STBD within 1 minute, the autopilot will return to AUTO mode and stay on course.

The display has the following menu items:

Operation

Reference depth

The reference depth is captured when the Depth pattern is activated. To change the reference simply use the PORT or STBD button or the course knob.

Depth gain

The autopilot is tracking the depth by computing an x-track error when the boat is off the reference depth. This error automatically adjusts the set course to bring the boat back on track.

Use the gain control to have a firm or smooth response to the variation in depth.

Range: (05-95)

Main course

This should be the main (average) direction of the depth contour you want to follow. If the contour line is making a big change in direction, you should manually adjust the set course to the new direction. This will result in a quicker response from the autopilot. If the course is not adjusted, the autopilot will need more time to turn and steer the boat back to the reference depth.

Contour Cross Angle (CCA)

With this parameter you can make the boat lazy-s across your reference depth. With the CCA set to zero there is no S-ing. The CCA is an angle that is added to or subtracted from the set

20221495F 31

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

course. Each time the boat crosses the reference depth the sign (+/-) of the CCA is changed and makes the boat turn to cross the reference depth contour in the opposite direction. The larger the CCA the bigger the turn.

CCA set to 15 degrees Approaching reference depth from starboard

CCA set to 15 degrees Approaching reference depth from port

Reference

Range: (0-50)

2.12 Dodge in AUTO

Dodging is useful in situations where you need to quickly take control of the helm to steer around an obstruction, and then resume the previous set heading. Dodging is activated by a quick double press on the TURN/DODGE button.

When in DODGE mode the displayed set course is the last one set prior to activating the dodge function. When DODGE is displayed, the AP25 is no longer in control of the steering, and you must either manually steer the boat in STBY mode or take control using Non Follow Up or Follow Up steering. On manual steering (STBY mode) the clutch or bypass valve in the drive unit will be disengaged. The AP25 will remain in the DODGE mode until you exit DODGE by a second press on the TURN/DODGE button or select a mode.

Quick double press on TURN/

DODGE to activate Dodge mode

32 20221495F

Perform dodging in one of the following ways:

Operation

1. Manually steer the boat

by the wheel:

2. Non Follow Up steering

by pressing:

or using NFU steering lever

3. Follow Up steering by

pressing both:

and using the course knob

To return from Dodge mode, press one of the following:

Selects AUTO mode and returns to the last set course

Note ! Using NFU or FU modes while dodging will make “NFU” or

Selects AUTO mode with the current heading as the set course

“FU” flash instead of “DODGE”.

2.13 Thruster Steering (optional)

If the boat is equipped with an appropriate thruster (page 13), it can be connected to the AP25 system and the boat can then be controlled by rudder and thruster.

When the AP25 is controlling the thruster you may:

• Have excellent course and track keeping performance at

very low speeds (AUTO or NAV modes).

• Have automatic heading control when stationary, e.g.

keep the bow into the wind and/or the waves.

• Provided the warf has no steel construction you can use

AUTO mode to keep the bow steady when docking.

A thruster icon below the mode index confirms that a thruster is connected to the system (via TI25 Thruster Interface).

From the User Set-up Menu (page thruster on and off. When the thruster is switched on, both rudder and thruster is used to maintain the heading. If the boat speed exceeds 6 knots the thruster is automatically disabled.

Examples of display pictures:

52) you can switch the

20221495F 33

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

STANDBY

Non-Follow Up steering mode

Heading to be

maintained by rudder

Heading to be

maintained by rudder

and thruster

AUTO mode

Heading maintained by

rudder

Note ! When operating an On/Off thruster be aware that most electrical

Heading maintained

by rudder and thruster

thrusters have a built in thermal cut-off switch. The switch will shut off the motor if it is overheating and re-engage it when it has cooled down. The water temperature also affects the running time. The On/Off thruster may only run for a few minutes, and the total running time for a longer period should be limited by increasing the thruster sensitivity value (see page

57).

34 20221495F

2.14 Tacking in Auto mode

The tack function is only available in sailboats when the system is set up for SAIL boat type in the installation setup.

Tacking in AUTO mode is different from tacking in WIND mode. In AUTO mode the tack angle is fixed and can be set in the Installation/Dockside menu. Default tack angle is 100°.

Tacking should only be performed into the wind and must be tried out in calm sea conditions with light wind to find out how it works on your boat. Due to a wide range of boat characteristics (from cruising to racing boats) the performance of the tack function may vary from boat to boat. Except for the fixed course change and the difference in displays, the procedure is similar to that of the U-Turn described on page

Operation

24.

Select

STBD

tack

Boat makes STBD

tack

Press

TURN/DODGE

to enter TACK

mode

2.15 NoDrift

Note ! The source when operating in NoDrift mode is the Position (Pos)

source.

The NoDrift mode is an alternative to route steering in NAV mode, and is automatically entered when you press the NAV WIND button provided NoDrift has been selected in the (user) SETUP menu.

The autopilot will steer to an imaginary waypoint and the bearing is the boat’s heading at the very moment the NoDrift mode is engaged.

Unlike when in Auto mode the vessel will steer a course equal to the bearing line unaffected by wind and current (no drift).

The course to steer to (bearing line) can be changed the same way as when changing course in Auto mode.

20221495F 35

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Select NoDrift in the Setup menu when in STANDBY or AUTO mode. Press the NAV WIND button to enter NoDrift mode. The NAV WIND key is now programmed to always activate the NoDrift mode. If you want the key to activate NAV mode, enter the User Setup menu and select NAV.

NoDrift mode

Set course: 345

NoDrift indicator: 0.000nm

Pos Source: CP34

Heading: 345°M

Note ! To operate in NoDrift mode your GPS/chart plotter must be

turned on.

Dodge in NoDrift mode

This is similar to dodging in Auto mode.

36 20221495F

Operation

2.16 Navigating with the AP25

Note ! The source when operating in NAV mode is the Navigation (Nav)

source.

The AP25 has the capability to use steering information from an external navigator (GPS, Chart Plotter) to direct the boat to a specific waypoint location, or through a route of waypoints. In the NAV mode, the AP25 uses the compass as heading source for course keeping. The information received from the navigator alters the set course to keep the boat on the track line and direct the AP25 to the destination waypoint.

Note ! Navigational steering should only be used in open waters. By

selecting the NAV mode, the AP25 is set for automatic steering on the current set course and then waits for the user to accept the course change to the track line or destination waypoint.

To obtain satisfactory navigation steering, the following points must be fulfilled prior to entering the NAV mode:

• The AP25 autosteering must be tested and determined

satisfactory.

• The navigation receiver (GPS, Chart Plotter) must be in full

operating mode with adequate signal characteristics for valid position and navigation data.

• At least one waypoint must be entered and selected as the

current “Go to” waypoint.

• The navigation receiver (source) for the autopilot will be the

one that is automatically selected in the interface set-up or manually selected in the User setup2 menu item called “Source select” (page

52).

The AP25 is designed to steer in “mixed mode” operation. This combines the straight steering capability of cross track error (XTE) steering in conjunction with the turning capability of bearing mode steering (Course To Steer, CTS) and automatic Waypoint shift.

Note ! If the AP25 is connected to a navigation receiver that does not

transmit a message with bearing to next waypoint, it will pick a XTE message and steer on Cross Track Error only. In that case you have to revert to AUTO mode at each waypoint and manually change set course to equal bearing to next waypoint and then select NAV mode again.

Press the NAV button to activate the NAV prompt display.

20221495F 37

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

The prompt display shows the name or number of the next waypoint (WP), the bearing of the track line (BWW) from the previous waypoint to the destination waypoint, the required course change (CHG) and the direction in which the boat will turn.

Note ! If only one waypoint has been entered the bearing will be from

the present position to the destination waypoint.

The lower left portion shows the compass heading and the lower right portion shows the rudder angle and speed.

Press the NAV button again to accept the waypoint as the location to steer towards. The autopilot turns the boat onto the track line.

− NAV mode

− Course to steer (CTS): 211 is set

internally by the autopilot to steer the boat onto the track line.

− Cross track error (XTE): 0.017

nm to stbd.

− NAV data source: CE34-1

− Compass heading: 345° M.

− Next waypoint: Egersund

− Bearing from current position to

the next waypoint (BPW) : 270°M

− Distance to waypoint: 10 nm

Note ! For Cross Track Error, the number of decimals shown depends

on the output from the GPS/chart plotter. Three decimals give a more accurate track keeping.

When operating the AP25 in NAV mode to steer through a route of waypoints, the AP25 will steer to the first waypoint in the route after you accept the first waypoint as the location to steer towards. When you arrive at the waypoint, the AP25 will output an audible warning, display an alert screen with the new course information, and automatically change course onto the new leg.

38 20221495F

Operation

Note ! If the required course change is more than the NAV change limit

(default 10 change is acceptable. This is a safety feature. See page

), you have to verify that the upcoming course

124 on

how to change the ‘NAV change limit’.

Alert screen. Press NAV button to verify course change larger than 10°.

If no verification is received, the AP25 will continue on the current set course in AUTO mode.

Regain manual steering by pressing the STBY button

Setting the waypoint arrival circle

For route navigation it is recommended to use automatic waypoint shift/change at a set waypoint arrival circle.

The arrival circle should be adjusted according to boat speed. The higher speed, the wider circle. The intention is to make the autopilot start the heading change in due time to make a smooth turn onto the next leg.

The figure below may be used to select the appropriate waypoint circle on the GPS/chart plotter.

20221495F 39

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Example: With the speed of 20 knots you should use a waypoint circle with radius 0.09 nm.

Note ! The distance between any waypoints in a route must not be

smaller than the radius of the waypoint arrival circle when using automatic waypoint shift.

2.17 Dodge in NAV

When dodging in NAV mode, the course displayed as Course To Steer (CTS) is the boat’s recommended heading. However, the previous set course is stored by the AP25. When DODGE is flashing on the display, the AP25 is no longer in control of the steering and you must either steer the boat manually or take control using either Non-Follow-up steering or Follow-up steering. On manual steering, the clutch (or bypass valve) in the drive unit will be disengaged when dodging. The AP25 will remain in the DODGE mode until you exit DODGE by a second press on the TURN/DODGE button or until you select another mode.

Perform dodging the same way as in AUTO mode above.

Quick double press on

TURN/DODGE

to activate Dodge mode

40 20221495F

Operation

To return from Dodge mode, press one of the following:

Returns to NAV mode at present position with a new NAV prompt. Keeps all offset estimates (Wind/current etc.) in the algorithms (recommended).

Selects NAV mode at present position with a new NAV prompt. May result in a less accurate return to the track.

Selects AUTO mode with the current heading as the set course.

2.18 Selecting a different Navigation source

If you have more than one navigation source connected to the AP25, you will be able to choose any for navigation. Refer to the “Source select” item in the User Set-up 2 menu for details on selecting a different navigator (page

52).

2.19 Wind vane steering

Prior to entering WIND mode the AP25 system should be operating in AUTO, with valid input from the selected wind transducer. The WIND mode is only available if the system has been set up for SAIL-boat in the Installation/Dockside Menu, and the NAV/WIND source is set to WIND under the USER SETUP menu. (Refer to page

Enter the WIND mode by pressing the NAV/WIND button.

The set course to steer (CTS) and set wind angle are entered from the compass heading and the wind transducer when at the moment the WIND-mode is selected. From that point the autopilot will change the course to maintain the wind angle as the wind direction may change.

Note ! If the cumulative shift of the wind direction exceeds a set limit

from the time a new wind angle is set, a WIND SHIFT alarm will sound.

50).

20221495F 41

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

The display will show the set wind angle. Adjustments to this set angle can be made by using the course knob or PORT or STBD button.

The display also presents heading and rudder angle.

Wind (vane) mode

Set wind angle: 044 degrees from stbd.

Measured wind angle: 041°A (apparent)

(T = True)

Course to steer: 309°

Compass reading: 311° M (magnetic) T (true)

Heading source: Rate compass

Rudder angle: 01° to port

Speed over ground (SOG): 8.0 kts

Parameter: LO-A (Low response,

automatic set)

Steer port Steer stbd.

Adjust set wind angle 1°/push Major wind angle adjust

CCW: Steer port CW: Steer stbd

Regain manual steering by pressing the STBY button

42 20221495F

2.20 Tacking and gybing in Wind mode

In WIND mode there is a tacking and gybing aid function.

Tacking in WIND mode as compared to AUTO mode can be performed when sailing with apparent or true wind as the reference, and with a true wind angle of less than 90 degrees.

The tacking operation will immediately mirror the set wind angle to the opposite side. A tacking-message will flash on the display for 5 seconds. Any new command given when the message is flashing, will interrupt the tack operation. The rate of turn during the tack will be given by the ‘Tack time’ parameter set in the Installation/Dockside menu (page

A quick press on the TURN/DODGE button will activate the tack function and the boat will start turning to the same wind angle on the other side.

107).

Operation

20221495F 43

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Tack and gybe operations

Gybing is possible when the true wind angle is larger than 120°.

When a gybe is initiated, the wind angle will first be set to 170°T on the same side as the current wind angle. The main sail should now be hauled. With the main sail safely hauled, the wind side may be changed. This is done by pressing either PORT or STBD buttons depending on the way the boat should continue to turn. The new set wind angle will then become the same as the wind angle set before the gybe operation started.

The rate of turn when changing wind side in a gybe will be the highest possible, determined by the performance of the drive unit.

Tack and gybe prevent

When beating and running, sailing is at the most critical.

If the sails are unbalanced when beating, yaw forces from the sails can drive the boat into the wind. If the boat is driven beyond the minimum wind angle, the thrust from the sails will suddenly disappear and the boat speed reduced. Then the boat will be even more difficult to steer because the rudder will become less effective.

The tack prevent function in WIND-mode has been implemented to avoid such situations. It will react immediately when the apparent wind angle becomes 5° less than the set minimum wind angle. Additional amount of rudder will be commanded to immediately increase the wind angle.

When running, it is difficult to steer the boat with waves coming sideways or from behind. The waves may yaw the boat so that

44 20221495F

Operation

the wind side is shifted and an unwanted gybe may happen. This can be hazardous for both the crew and the mast.

The gybe prevent function will be activated when the measured apparent wind angle becomes greater than 175° or when the wind angle gets opposite to the set wind angle. Additional rudder will be commanded to keep the wind on the same side as the set wind angle.

Caution ! The tack and gybe prevent functions are not a guarantee

against getting into a hazardous situation. If the effect of the rudder and/or drive unit is not adequate, it may happen. Pay particular attention in such situations.

2.21 Wind steering and navigation

The autopilot can also steer the boat given both wind data and track data from a GPS/Chartplotter. In this mode called

WIND

mode the automatic steering is based on a set of

NAV

criteria (see bullets below). Wind steering and navigation is activated by pressing the NAV/WIND button when in Wind mode. There are two sub-modes under this key: NORMAL (default) and RACING (see below). The initial course change (CHG) needed to navigate towards the active waypoint, is calculated by the autopilot. The autopilot will maintain windside in these calculations and the change of course is accepted by pressing the PORT or STBD button [1].

20221495F 45

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

[1] [2] [4] [3] [7]

[5] [6] [8]

Figure 2-2 Wind steering

46 20221495F

Operation

Operating in WIND

NAV

mode

Refer to Figure 2-2 with references [ ] the associated displays and the criteria (bullets) below.

• The set wind angle should be larger than the ‘Minimum

wind angle’ set in the Installation/Dockside menu and smaller than 170° Apparent.

• Information about when it is time to head directly towards

the waypoint, Distance To Turn (DTT) and Estimated Time to Turn (ETT) are displayed. These calculations are based on the assumption that the set wind angle will be the same or larger after a tack or gybe towards the waypoint [3] [7].

• A turn prompt will appear when it is time to head towards

the waypoint and the autopilot will calculate and display the change of heading by comparing the current heading and the heading towards the waypoint (CHG) [5].

• When heading towards the waypoint, the autopilot utilizes

either the XTE from the GPS/Chartplotter to maintain track or a layline calculated by the autopilot. The calculated layline applies when the Cross Track Error (XTE) from the external navigator is larger than 0.15 nm [8].

RACING

If ‘Wind setup’ is set to ‘RACING’ in the Installation/Dockside menu, a more advanced steering is possible:

• Optimising VMG to wind may be enabled when beating

and it is not possible to head directly towards the waypoint [2] [4].

• Layline steering may be disabled when heading directly

towards the waypoint. Instead you can optimise the Waypoint Closure Velocity (WCV) by trimming the sails and the set wind angle. A turn prompt will then be displayed if the difference between Course Over Ground (COG) and Bearing Position Waypoint (BPW) exceeds 30° when heading towards a waypoint [8].

See chapter

2.25 Quick Setup on how to access these parameters

20221495F 47

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

2.22 Multiple station system

In normal operation control is accessible from every control unit connected to the AP25 system. One control unit is "active" and provides the user with access to all functions. All remaining control units are "inactive" and have no effect on mode changes or course selection. A single press on any of the mode buttons on an "inactive" control unit will allow transfer of command and make it "active".

2.23 Lock function

The "LOCK" function is a safety feature in the AP25 system. It will disable all control units, including the FU25 Follow-up lever, except for a single user selected control unit location.

When the "lock" function is in use, no transfer of command can take place; only the active control unit stays in command.

To enable the "lock" function, make a quick double press on the STBY button.

The display on the active control unit will first show a and then the icon will alternate with the mode index.

The "locked" control units in the system will show:

48 20221495F

icon

Operation

The “Lock function is disengaged by one of the following actions:

• The active control unit unlocks the other ones and makes them

“inactive” by another double press on the STBY button. It

also displays the

icon before it returns to the normal active

state.

• The system is switched OFF by any

for 2-3 seconds).

control unit (press STBY

20221495F 49

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

2.24 User Set-up Menu

In the AP25, all modes except NFU and FU have a

Quick double press

to access

complemental User Set-up menu. You can easily access the set-up menu by a quick double press on the INFO/SETUP button.

Scroll through the menu

Alternating Course Knob Icon

When the course knob is used in the User Set-up menu, an icon will alternate with the mode index to tell that no course changes can be made unless you press the mode button.

The user set-up menu times out 30 seconds after the last operation in the menu.

Use the course knob

to change a value or a

setting

STANDBY Mode

Backlight

The backlight of the display and buttons may be adjusted to 10 levels (10 = brightest). The setting is stored when the system is turned off. Adjustment is local to the control unit you adjust or synchronized with other units in the Simrad Group (page

NAV source

Select the source for NAV mode steering e.g. CP34.

131).

50 20221495F

Operation

NAV WIND

This setup will configure the active mode under the NAV WIND button. The following alternatives are available:

• NAV (Ref page

• NoDrift (Ref. page

37)

35)

• WIND Auto

Wind steering will be disabled when ‘NAV’ or ‘NoDrift’ is selected.

Note ! Wind steering is only available if ‘Boat type’ is set to ‘Sail’ in

the Installation/Dockside menu (see Dockside settings, page

100).

If ‘NAV WIND’ is set to ‘WIND Auto’, wind steering will be enabled. Pressing the NAV WIND button will then initiate the WIND-mode. The autopilot will automatically select between apparent and true wind steering.

True wind steering is used when running. When the boat is running, it will also be surfing on the waves. This may lead to significant changes in boat speed, hence changes in apparent wind angle. Steering to apparent wind is therefore used only when beating or reaching.

Wind, RACING parameters

If ‘Wind setup’ is set to ‘RACING’ in the Installation/Dockside menu (see page

106), more settings are available as ‘Wind’

parameters:

• WIND Apparent

• WIND True

• WIND Auto

Default: WIND Auto

AUTO Mode

Settings that are added for the AUTO and WIND modes are shown below. Other relevant settings are described under STANDBY mode in this chapter.

Response

The Autotune function in the AP25 is so refined that 80-85 % of the boats will need no further adjustments of the steering parameters. On some boats, however, or at particular sea conditions a fine tuning of the steering parameters may improve the performance of the autopilot.

The Response control allows you to make this fine tuning. It can be set to seven levels. Level 3 (default) has the values of Rudder and Counter Rudder parameters set by the Autotune function. If no Autotune is made (not recommended) the level 3 values are the factory default values.

A low response level reduces the rudder activity and provides a more “loose” steering.

A high response level increases the rudder activity and provides a more “tight” steering.

A too high response level will make the boat start S-ing.

Range: 1 – 7

Default: 3

NAV WIND setting, see page

Racing parameters, see page

56 20221495F

Operation

Thruster sens

(only available if a thruster is connected).

The Thruster sensitivity determines how many degrees the vessel will deviate from the set course before a thruster command is given. As the vessel deviates from its heading, the thruster will push the vessel back on. A higher value will reduce the thruster activity.

If the thruster commands are hunting from side to side, the set value for Thruster sens may be too low.

Range: 3° to 30° in 1° increments.

Default: 5°.

Seastate filter

OFF: Seastate filter is disabled.

AUTO: Automatically reduces rudder activity and

autopilot sensitivity in rough weather by an adaptive process (default).

MANUAL: Manual yaw band adjust (1-10, 10 ≈ ±6°).

The manual setting determines the number of degrees the vessel may deviate from the set course before any command is given to the rudder. The AUTO setting is recommended. The MANUAL settings may be used to find the optimum combination of course keeping and low rudder activity in rough but steady sea conditions.

Reset trip

Same procedure as in STANDBY mode

User setup 2

Refer to User setup 2 for STANDBY mode, page

52.

20221495F 57

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

NAV Mode

The User setup for NAV mode is similar to the User setup for AUTO mode. It does not include the Nav/Wind and the Source select items.

The User setup 2 contains the Set shallow water alarm and the Contrast setting. Refer to User Set-up for STANDBY mode.

WIND Mode

The User setup menu for WIND mode is the same as for NAV mode. In addition you have:

Wind response

If the difference between the set wind angle and the actual wind angle is too big, the ‘Wind response’ can be increased to reduce the deviation.

Note ! First make sure that the course keeping is acceptable, i.e. the

difference between the Course To Steer (CTS) and the actual heading is at a minimum.

If the actual wind angle is S-ing around the set wind angle or the rudder activity is too high, the ‘Wind response’ should be reduced.

Range: 1 – 7

Default: 3

58 20221495F

WIND Auto

This line will only appear if the autopilot has been set up for racing in the installation menu (page information about the RACING parameters.

User setup2

The User setup 2 contains the Set shallow water alarm and the Contrast setting. Refer to User setup 2 for STANDBY mode.

2.25 Quick Setup

Operation

106). See page 51 for

Quick Setup gives easy access to the racing parameters provided the Wind setup has been set to RACING in the Installation/Dockside menu (see

106).

page

The Quick setup menu is activated by a quick double press on the NAV/WIND button.

Step through the menu by using the PORT or STBD button. Select by rotating the course knob. A filled square = On.

VMG optimizing (RACING)

The VMG (to wind) parameter can only be enabled or disabled when ‘Wind setup’ is set to ‘RACING’. It is disabled in the ‘NORMAL’ sub-mode.

When enabled, the VMG optimizing will be active for 5 – 10 minutes after a new wind angle has been set. It will only be activated when beating.

‘VMG’ will be displayed in the upper left corner under the mode index when the VMG optimizing feature is active.

Range: Enabled/Disabled

Default: Disabled

20221495F 59

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Layline steering (RACING)

‘Layline steering’ can only be enabled or disabled when ‘Wind setup’ is set to ‘RACING’. It is enabled in the ‘NORMAL’ submode.

Layline steering is useful when navigating. It will use the Cross Track Error (XTE) from the navigator to keep the boat on the track line. If the XTE from the navigator exceeds 0.15 nm, the autopilot will calculate its own layline towards the waypoint and follow that. Layline steering is not active when turning, tacking or gybing.

‘XTE’ will be displayed in the upper left corner under the mode index when layline steering is active.

Range: Enabled/Disabled

Default: Enabled

2.26 INFO menu

A number of instrument pages are available under each mode screen if the required NMEA 0183 sentences are provided (see

8.1) or the information is available on SimNet (page

Standby mode Heading Heading source

paragraph

131). The INFO menu is accessed by a single press on the INFO/SETUP button.

Left hand side of the screen will show the following information depending on mode:

Auto mode Set course Heading Heading source HI parameters, set automatically

Nav/NoDrift mode Course to steer. Cross Track error (XTE) LO parameters set manually

Wind mode Set true wind angle Actual wind angle LO parameters.

WindN mode Set true wind angle Actual wind angle LO parameters.

60 20221495F

Operation

Step or scroll through the available instrument screens by pressing the PORT or STBD button or using the course knob. The right hand side of the display will show the following instrument screens:

If you prefer not to have all the instrument pages available in the INFO menu, you may remove pages under the User setup 2 menu. See page

55.

Return to last instrument screen by a simple press on the INFO button.

20221495F 61

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Course knob icon

Initially when the INFO menu is accessed an icon will replace the mode index to tell that no course changes or other course related settings can be made unless you press a mode key. The icon will time out after 3-5 seconds and be replaced by the mode index.

Note ! Whenever the INFO menu is active and the mode index is

present, operating the PORT and STBD button or the course knob will immediately make the main display reappear.

INFO menu flowchart

4578

3-5 sec. time-out

Toggle

3-5 sec. time-out

62 20221495F

Operation

INFO menu and Main Screen, active unit

INFO-menu

Main screen

3-5 sec. time out

INFO menu and Main Screen, inactive or locked unit

Previous INFO page

Next INFO page

Last shown INFO page

20221495F 63

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

This page is intentionally left blank

64 20221495F

3 INSTALLATION

3.1 General

This section provides detailed information required to successfully installing AP25 Autopilot system.

The AP25 system includes several modules that need to be mounted in different locations on the boat, and also need to interface with at least three different systems on the boat:

• The boat's steering system

• The boats electrical system (input power)

• Other equipment on board

In addition, the advanced capabilities of the AP25 require the installer to perform a series of settings and tests to verify proper operation of the system, refer to the check list below.

Installation

3.2 Installation checklist

1. Determine the system configuration you are installing

Figure 3-1)

(

2. Perform the hardware installation (Page

3. Connect SimNet devices to SimNet (page

4. Connect NMEA2000 devices (page

5. Connect NMEA 0183 devices (inputs and outputs, page

6. Perform Set-up (Section

7. Perform dockside autopilot tests (refer to Operating

Instructions, page

a) Test all stations (if applicable) - lock/unlock - active/

inactive

b) Test Non-Follow Up mode c) Test Follow-Up mode d) Test AUTO mode e) Test NAV mode and input interfaces

f) Test WIND and WIND

interfaces

g) Test interface outputs to external equipment (if

connected)

15)

4, page 95)

67)

83)

86)

89)

modes (if sailboat) and input

8. Perform sea trial settings (Page

a) Rudder zero

20221495F 65

114)

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

b) Compass calibration c) Compass Offset adjustment d) Automatic tuning e) Viewing parameters

9. Test Autopilot Operation at Sea (refer to Sea Trial

instructions, pages

114, 132)

10. Provide the user with training (Page

3.3 Unpacking and handling

Care should be taken when unpacking and handling the equipment. A visual inspection should be made to see that the equipment has not been damaged during shipment and that all components and parts are present according to the packing list.

A standard AP25 autopilot system will include:

• Control unit with standard installation accessories and one

15 m (49') Robnet2 cable.

• Autopilot computer (AC10, AC20 or AC40).

• RC36 Rate Compass with 15 m (49') cable attached.

• RF300 Feedback unit with 10 m (33') cable attached and

transmission rod.

• Appropriate drive unit for the installation (unless the AP25 is

going to operate an existing drive unit or solenoids).

133)

• Optional equipment that may have been ordered for the

installation.

3.4 Determine system configuration

It is important to become familiar with the configuration of the system prior to beginning the installation. The AP25 system layout with options is shown in

Pay particular attention to the autopilot computer/drive unit combinations on page

As many of the units are communicating on a common network (Robnet2), with identical connectors, the installation is simplified. Try to mount the units within the standard cable length supplied with each unit, if possible. Robnet2 Extension Cable (10m) is available from your distributor.

66 20221495F

72 and the chart on page 11.

Figure 3-1

Notes!

1. On boats powered by outboards or stern drives it may be difficult to install a rudder feedback unit (chapter

3.27). Use of the Virtual feedback algorithms in the software may then be preferred as this requires no installation of a rudder feedback unit (page be used on boats up to 40 ft.

2. In order to benefit from the virtual feedback technology your autopilot system must be using a Simrad rate compass for heading information.

3.5 AP25 System Layout

Installation

3.6 and

109). The Virtual Feedback can

STBY

PWR

AUTO

SPEED

NAV

SETUP

INSTR

TURN

STBY

PWR

AUTO

SPEED

NAV

SETUP

INSTR

TURN

STBY AUTO

SIMRAD R3000X

Figure 3-1 AP25 system layout with options

AUTO

STBY

SPEED

PWR

NAV

TURN

SETUP

3.6 RF300 Rudder feedback installation

The RF300 Rudder feedback unit mounts close to the rudder, and is mechanically linked to the rudder tiller arm or rudder quadrant.

Refer to Note that the RF300 transmitter arm has two slots for the

20221495F 67

Figure 3-2 for the recommended mounting arrangement.

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

transmission link. The slots enable maximum flexibility to provide the 1:1 mechanical linkage relationship.

Note ! Do not try to remove the transmitter arm from the feedback unit.

The unit is factory adjusted and need no further adjustment at installation than described below.

As a starting point, it is desirable to set the transmitter rod to the inner limit of the outer slot if possible. (Refer to

Figure 3-2). Drill and tap the rudder tiller arm so that the Y1 dimension is equal to the Y2 dimension (Use 4.2 mm drill and 5 mm tap). Attach the ball joint to the tiller arm, and connect the transmitter rod to the ball joint at the rudder tiller arm.

Turn the helm wheel to set the rudder tiller arm to approximate centre position.

Rotate the RF300 transmitter lever until it is set to centre position. (Use the alignment mark to line up the transmitter lever to be opposite the cable entry into the feedback.).

Note ! Carefully observe the alignment marks. A rudder feedback alarm

may be the result if the alignment instructions as per

Figure 3-2

are neglected.

Attach the transmitter rod to the RF300. Set the RF300 mounting location to be in accordance with

Figure 3-2. The centre of the RF300 should be in line with the centre of the rudder post. Mount the RF300 to a suitable platform using the screws provided. If necessary, add blocking material under the RF300 to adjust the height of the transmission arm to be level with the rudder tiller arm.

Figure 3-2 RF300 mounting

(019356)

68 20221495F

Installation

Note ! Due to space limitations, it may be necessary to cut the length of

the transmitter rod to move the RF300 closer to the rudder post.

Tighten the mounting screws for both the RF300 feedback unit and the transmitter rod ball joint.

Observe the RF300 while someone turns the helm wheel through the complete travel from full port to full stbd. rudder to verify that the mechanical linkage to the RF300 is not obstructed.

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

MAIN PCB

RF +

Rudder Feedb.

* NON POLARIZED

(COLOR INDEPENDENT)

Figure 3-3 RF300 connection

3.7 Autopilot computer installation

The autopilot computer is designed to operate in a location that provides ambient temperatures below +55°C (+130°F).

Note ! The autopilot computer

units (AC10, AC20 and AC40) are not weatherproof and should be mounted vertically as shown in a dry place between the control unit and the drive unit.

Figure 3-4 Autopilot computer mounting

20221495F 69

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.8 Cable connections

Use only shielded cables. This includes Mains input, drive units and if necessary for the extension of the RF300 Rudder Feedback cable. The clutch/bypass cable and the solenoid cable should be 1,5 mm (AWG20) twisted pairs.

The mains supply cable and the drive unit motor cable should have sufficient wire gauge. This will minimize voltage drop and allow the drive unit to operate at full power. Refer to the table below for recommended cable sizes.

Cable length Drive Unit Voltage

(AWG14). Signal cables should be 0.5 mm2

1. Breaker panel to autopilot computer.

2. Autopilot computer to Drive Unit motor (Length refers to each of the two cables)

Up to 3 m (10 ft.) 12 2,5 12 2,5

Up to 6 m (20 ft.) 10 4 10 2,5

Up to 10 m (32 ft.) 8 6 10 4

Up to 16 m (52 ft.) 6 10 8 6

3.9 Grounding and RFI

The autopilot system has excellent RFI protection and all units use the autopilot computer as a common ground/shield connection. The autopilot computer should therefore have a proper ground connection to the hull/bonding system.

Robnet2 cables and other signal cables (compass, feedback, NMEA) should not be run in parallel with other cables carrying RF or high current, such as VHF and SSB transmitters, battery chargers/ generators, winches and thrusters.

12 V 24 V

AWG

Remove the bottom cover to get access to the plug-in terminals. Strip about 1 cm (0.4") of the cable's insulation and pull the screen backwards to cover the insulation. Position the straps as shown and tighten well to make sure the screen has good contact.

Provide sufficient wire length so that the plug-in terminals can be easily connected/disconnected.

Pull out each terminal before connecting the wires. Remove all strands before putting on the terminal cover.

70 20221495F

ote!

Installation

The Mains input is not polarity

rotected on

C40.

Ground terminal

Power Board terminals

Main Board terminals

TB8, TB9 and TB10 are not on the AC10 Power Board

20221495F 71

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.10 Drive unit installation

The relations between drive units, drive unit voltage, autopilot computer, drive performance and interface to the steering gear are shown in the tables below.

Refer to the connecting diagram for the different drive units on

74 onwards.

page

Installation instruction for the drive units are found in the manual for the individual units.

The maximum drive current capability of the AC10, AC20 and AC40 autopilot computers are different. Use the table below as reference and observe the notes on next page.

HYDRAULIC PUMPS

RAM CAPACITY

MODEL MOTOR

VOLTS

RPU80 12V AC10 80 (4,9) 250

RPU160 12V AC20 160 (9,8) 550

RPU300 12V AC40 290

RPU300 24V AC20 290

AUTOPILOT

COMPUTER

MIN

(cu. in.)

(17,7)

MAX

(cu. in.)

(15,2)

(33,5)

960

(58,5)

960

(58,5)

FLOW RATE

AT 10 bar

/min

(cu. in/min)

800 (49) 50 2,5-6 A

1600 (98) 60 3-10 A

3000 (183) 60 5-25 A

3000 (183) 60 2,5-12 A

MAX

PRESSURE

bar

PWR.

CONSUM-

PTION

Steering gear interface: Hydraulic plumbing

Notes !

1. The AP25 system detects whether a reversible motor or a

solenoid is connected and outputs the correct drive signal automatically.

2. The drive output of AC10 is sufficient for any type of 12 and

24V solenoids normally found on a recreational boat.

72 20221495F

LINEAR DRIVE UNITS

Installation

MODEL MOTOR

VOLTS

MLD200 12V AC10 300 (11,8) 200

HLD350 12V AC10 200 (7,9) 350

HLD2000L 12V AC20 340 (13,4) 500

HLD2000D 24V AC20 200 (7,9) 1050

HLD2000LD 24V AC20 340 (13,4) 1050

MSD50* 12V AC10 190 (7,5) 60

AUTOPILOT

COM-

PUTER

MAX

STROKE

mm (in.)

PEAK

THRUST

kg (lb.)

(440)

(770)

(1100)

(2310)

(132)

MAX RUDDER TORQUE

(lb.in.)

490

(4350)

610

(5400)

1460 (12850) 19 3-10 A 298

1800

(15900)

3180

(28000)

– 15 0,8-2 A –

Steering gear interface: Connects to quadrant or tiller.

* For stern drive power assisted steering only.

1. The motor voltage is stepped down by the autopilot computer when operating from 24V or 32V mains.

HARD-

OVER

TIME

sec.

(30% load)

15 1,5-6 A 263

12 2,5-8 A 175

11 3-10 A 175

19 3-10 A 298

PWR. CON-

SUMP.

TILLER

ARM

(in.)

(10,4)

(6,9)

(11,7)

(6,9)

(11,7)

2. The specified autopilot computer is necessary to achieve max drive unit capacity.

3. Recommended operational thrust or torque is 70% of listed peak value.

4. Typical average power consumption is 40% of listed maximum value.

20221495F 73

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

PREVIOUS MODELS DRIVE OF UNITS

Model Autopilot

computer

RPU100 (1,0l) RPU150 (1,5l) RPU200 (2,0l)

AC20 AC20

AC20 (Reversible hydraulic pump)

RPU1 (1,4/2,0l) RPU3 (3,8/5,0l)

MRD100 (Reversible

AC10

AC40

AC20 mechanical drive)

MRD150

AC20 12V

(USA only)

Drive unit

voltage

12V 12V 24V

12V, 24V 24V, 24V

12V 24V

32V

Input

voltage

Drive output Interface to

steering

(Mains)

12,24,32V Proportional

rate

Solenoid

valves, on/off

12,24,32V 24,32V

12V to clutch 24V to clutch

Hydraulic plumbing

Chain/

sprockets Proportional rate to motor

12, 24V 32V

12V to clutch 32V to clutch

Chain/

sprocket Proportional rate to motor

gear

Note ! When selecting DRIVE UNIT voltage in the Installation setup,

the clutch/bypass voltage is always set equal to the motor voltage. If a retrofit installation where e.g. a HLD2000 has a 12V motor and a 24V bypass valve, the bypass valve solenoid has to be changed back to standard 12V version.

Connecting a reversible pump

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

TB1

TB2 TB3 TB4

Simrad

reversible

pump

TB5

TB6

Sol. -Motor

Figure 3-5 Connecting a reversible pump

74 20221495F

Connecting a hydraulic linear drive

Installation

HYDRAULIC

LINEAR DRIVE

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

Single pole

clutch/bypass

switch

Figure 3-6 Connecting a hydraulic linear drive

Connecting a solenoid valve

SOLENOID

VALVE

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

TB1

POWER PCB

TB1

TB2 TB3 TB 4

Sol. -Motor

POWER PCB

TB2 TB3 TB4

Sol. -Motor

TB5

TB6

Drive

Engage

TB7

TB6

Sol. -Motor

Sol. gnd

Sol. -Motor

Sol.

Sol.Sol. gnd

Figure 3-7 Connecting a solenoid valve

20221495F 75

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.11 Control unit installation

Avoid mounting the control unit(s) where it is easily exposed to sunlight, as this will shorten the lifetime of the display. If this is not possible, make sure the units are always covered with the white protection cover when not used.

Caution ! Do not install the control unit where moisture at the rear can

be present. It could cause damage by entering the breathing hole or by coming into contact with the electrical connectors.

Panel mounting

The mounting surface must be flat and even to within 0.5 mm.

• Drill the 4 mounting holes and make a panel cut-out

according to supplied template.

• Use the supplied gasket (P.N. 22084693) between the

panel and the unit.

• Use the supplied 19 mm screws to fasten the control

unit to the panel.

• Apply the front panel corners.

• Connect the Robnet2 cable(s) to the control

unit connector(s).

Alternative panel mounting

This way of mounting may be simpler, but will lift the unit from the panel surface. When installed adjacent to Simrad equipment there will be a 5,5 mm (0,22”) difference in height between the autopilot and the other equipment.

• Use the template and drill hole(s) only for the

connectors.

• Place the thick gasket (P.N. 22086029) between panel

and unit, correctly orientated (see marking on gasket).

• Follow above panel mounting instructions but use the

supplied 32 mm screws to fasten the control unit to the panel

Do not over-tighten the mounting screws!

76 20221495F

Installation

Optional bracket mounting

• Locate the cradle on the mounting site and mark the 4 holes

for the fixing screws on the mounting surface.

• Drill the 4 mounting holes and screw the cradle to the

mounting surface.

• Use the supplied screws to fasten the control unit to the left

and right brackets.

• Apply the front panel corners.

• Use the two locking knobs to assemble the cradle with the left

and right brackets and adjust the control head to best viewing angle.

• Connect the Robnet2 cable(s) to the control unit connector(s)

(See note on page

78).

Figure 3-8 AP25 Bracket mounting

3.12 ROBNET2 network cables

As Robnet2 units have two Robnet2 connectors (blue) they can be used as "jack points" for further expansion of the system. There are no dedicated "in" or "out" connectors. You may connect the cables to any available Robnet2 connector (blue) on the specific unit. The Robnet2 connectors have a locking mechanism for extra safety.

Caution ! Do not mix the blue Robnet2 cables with the yellow SimNet

cables.

The 15 m cable to the autopilot computer has a connector only at the control unit end. Robnet2 cables with 5 pin male connector at

20221495F 77

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

both ends are available in 1, 5 and 10 m length. For cable extension a Robnet2 T-Joiner is required.

When installing a system, try to minimize total Robnet2 cable length by connecting all Robnet2 units to the nearest available Robnet2 connector.

Total length of Robnet2 cable installed in a system should not exceed 50 m (165').

Examples of interconnecting Robnet2 units:

AP27

CONTROL

UNIT

COMPASSAUTOPILOT

JP27

COMPUTER

CONTROL

UNIT

CONTROL

UNIT

Figure 3-9 Interconnecting Robnet2 units

A Robnet2 T-joiner P/N 24005662 is available to make the Robnet2 interconnection more simple by reducing the number of cables or extend cables when necessary.

See table for pin configuration and colour code of the network cable.

Cable pairs Color code Signal

Pink V SYSTEM+

1. pair Grey V SYSTEM–

Brown Bus–

2. pair White Bus+

Yellow On - Off

Figure 3-10 Robnet2 Connector

Note ! The connectors are weather proof according to IP65, when

properly installed. All connectors not in use must be fitted with the plastic cap to protect them against dirt and moisture.

78 20221495F

Installation

AP25

CONTROL UNIT

Connect to any of the two Robnet2 connectors

REAR VIEW

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

MAIN PCB

Bus

Bus+

TB15

Vsys+

Pnk Gry

ROBNET

Vsys

Figure 3-11 Control unit connection

J1 and J2 (top) are Robnet2 connectors. J3 and J4 are SimNet connectors.

On-Off

Yel

AP27 connection

If a Simrad AP27 is part of the system, use the JP27 Jack Point and connect as shown on

Figure 3-9. Alternatively cut the connector from the cable and connect the wires in parallel with the cable shown on

Note ! The AP27 cable contains an air-breathing tube. Check that the

Figure 3-11 using the same color code.

tube is open after you have cut the cable.

3.13 RC36 Rate Compass installation

Figure 3-12

RC36 mounting

The heading sensor is the most important part of the AP25 system and great care should be taken when deciding the

20221495F 79

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

mounting location. As the heading is displayed on the AP25 Control Unit, the heading sensor can be mounted at a remote location.

The RC36 rate compass also contains a magnetic heading sensor, so particular attention must be paid to the location. It can be mounted on deck or bulkhead, athwartship or alongship and has a 15 m (99’) cable with a Robnet2 connector. The heading offset feature in the AP25 will compensate for the mechanical offsets that may be a result of the selected location and orientation of the RC36.

If the RC36 is deck or bulkhead mounted athwartship with the cable gland pointing aft, little if any offset correction is required. With the cable gland pointing forward a 180° correction is required.

When mounting RC36 on a bulkhead alongship, a +90° or –90° correction is needed dependent on whether it is port or starboard bulkhead.

Note ! Offset correction is performed after the calibration (see

paragraph

4.7).

Find a location that provides a solid mounting place free from vibration, and as close to the vessel's centre of roll and pitch as possible, i.e. close to the water line. It should be as far as possible from disturbing magnetic influences such as the engines (min. 2 meters), engine ignition cables, other large metal objects and particularly the drive unit. On steel hull boats it should be mounted 0,75-1 m above the wheel house on a non magnetic stand.

Use the supplied mounting kit and drill the holes through the centre of the slots in the sensor or the mounting brackets.

Note ! The compass face plate on the RC36 is the TOP. Never mount it

upside down! Level the sensor as close to horizontal as possible.

80 20221495F

Installation

RATE

COMPASS

AP16, AP25, AP26

Figure 3-13 RC36 connection to autopilot control unit

Plug the RC36 into a Robnet2 connector (see

Figure 3-9) or cut the connector from the cable and connect the wires in parallel with the cable shown in

Figure 3-11.

3.14 RFC35 Fluxgate Compass installation

(Optional back-up compass)

The RFC35 Fluxgate Compass is a magnetic sensor, which means you have to take the same precautions at installation as for the standard RC36 (see previous page).

• Connect the RFC35 to the autopilot computer as per

3-14

RFC35

FLUXGATE

COMPASS

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

MAIN PCB

HS+

HS-

Heading

Sensor

* NON POLARIZED

(COLOR INDEPENDENT)

Figure

Figure 3-14 RFC35 connection

20221495F 81

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.15 R3000X Remote Control installation

R3000X should be mounted in the supplied bracket that can be fixed by four mounting screws. The unit is weather proof and can be mounted outdoor.

R3000X

REMOTE CONTROL

Figure 3-15 R3000X connection

3.16 JS10 Joystick

Refer to separate installation instructions supplied with the JS10 Joystick.

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

TB2

TB3 T B4

TB5

TB6

Lamp

Stbd

Yel

REMOTE

TB7

Port

Red Blu

TB1

TB8

Gnd

3.17 S35 NFU Lever installation

The unit is mounted to a bulkhead or panel by two screws from the front. The cable is connected to the autopilot computer according to the screw terminals if necessary to make the direction of the lever movement coincide with the direction of the rudder movement.

82 20221495F

Figure 3-16. Interchange the Port and Stbd wires to

Installation

S35

STEERING LEVER

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

TB3

TB4

TB5

TB1 TB2

NOTE! Disregard the color code on the terminal label.

TB6

TB7

REMOTE

Lamp

Stbd

Yel

Port

Gnd

Brn/Wh

Pnk/Gry

Grn

Figure 3-16 S35 connection

The unit is opened by removing the three screws on the back cover. Inside are two sets of micro-switches, a printed circuit board with a plug-in terminal and a jumper strap.

3.18 Interfacing

With the AP25 autopilot system there are several possibilities to connect to other equipment for data collection and exchange.

1. Use SimNet

2. Use SimNet via AT10 Universal SimNet/NMEA Converter

3. Connect to a NMEA2000 network via the adapter (drop)

cable, part no. 24005729.

4. The AC10 has a single NMEA0183 input/output port.

5. The AC20 and AC40 have two NMEA0183 input/output ports

and Clock Data interface to Simrad and Furuno radars.

The NMEA0183 output may also drive Simrad IS15 instruments directly.

The different connecting diagrams on the following pages illustrate the interface possibilities of the AP25 autopilot.

3.19 SimNet

The SimNet cable system with very small plugs in both ends makes it easy to run the cables, only 10 mm (3/8”) holes are required through panels and bulkheads. The SimNet accessory program contains the necessary items to complete a successful installation.

20221495F 83

Simrad AP25 Autopilot

SimNet network cables

A SimNet unit has one or two yellow SimNet connectors. There are no dedicated “in” or “out” connectors. Find the shortest and easiest way to route the SimNet cables from product to product and select the standard length cables from the SimNet accessory program. SimNet cables are available in 0.3 m (1 ft.), 2 m (6.6 ft.), 5 m (16.6 ft.) and 10 m (33 ft.) length all with plugs at both ends. Connect products with two SimNet connectors in a daisy chain and use drop cable and T-joiner for products with only one SimNet connector.

The SimNet power cable has a red connector with built in terminator.

If you plan to extend your SimNet system in the future it may be an idea to prepare for it by adding a few T-joiners in central locations. The T-joiners provides easy access to the network and can be replaced with a new product, or the new product can be connected via a drop cable.

SimNet power and termination

The following rules should be observed when installing SimNet.

1. It must have a separate 12VDC power from the battery bus or

the circuit breaker board to avoid interference

2. It must not be connected to the supply voltage terminals of

the Autopilot Computer (introduces interference).

3. It will power an IS12 instrument system. Hence SimNet on

other equipment can be connected and powered via IS12.

4. It must be properly terminated.

The SimNet network has to be terminated according to the number and type of products connected.

In a small system consisting of maximum 5 SimNet products and a total length of 5 m SimNet cable you only need the SimNet power cable with built in termination (red disc on cable plug). On larger systems you will also need a termination at the other end of the chain.

For additional information about SimNet ask for the separate SimNet Manual.

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Installation

PAGELIGHT

DATA

SIMRAD I S12

STBY

AUTO

PWR

UPPER

LOWER

INFO

SETUP

NAV

TURN

WIND

DODGE

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

ALARM

UPPER

LIGHT

LOWER

TIMER

INFO INFO

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

ALARM

UPPER

LIGHT

LOWER

TIMER

INFO

Figure 3-17 SimNet network, small system

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

ALARM

UPPER

LOWER

LIGHT

TIMER

INFO

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

ALARM

UPPER

LOWER

LIGHT

TIMER

INFO

DATA

SIMRAD I S12

LOWER

UPPER

PAGE

LIGHT

INFO

STBY

AUTO

PWR

1 1

INFO

NAV

TURN

SETUP

WIND

DODGE

Figure 3-18 SimNet network, small system with Wind

transducer

The wind transducer (*) has a built in terminator.

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

UPPERALARM

LOWER

LIGHT

TIMER INFO

INFO

Notes !

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

UPPER

LOWER

ALARM

LIGHT

TIMER

INFO

COMBI

SIMRAD IS12

ALARM

UPPER

LOWER

LIGHT

TIMER

INFO

STBY

PWR

AUTO

NAV

WIND

DODGE INFO

DATA

SIMRAD IS12

UPPER

LOWER

PAGELIGHT

INFO

Figure 3-19 SimNet network, medium system

1. Maximum total length of SimNet cable is 40 m (130 ft.)

excluding the 30 m (99 ft.) of masthead cable.

2. The wind transducer (*) has a built in terminator

3. If there is no wind transducer connected, a SimNet

terminator must be connected instead.

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Installation

COMBI COMBI

STBY

AUTO

PWR

INFO

NAV

TURN

SETUP

WIND

DODGE

SIMRAD IS12

LOWER

ALARM

UPPER

LIGHT

TIMER

INFOINFO

SIMRAD IS12

UPPER

ALARM

LOWER

LIGHT

TIMER

INFO INFO

DATA

SIMRAD IS12

LOWER

UPPER

LIGHT

PAGE

INFO

Figure 3-20 Robnet2 and SimNet network

* The wind transducer has a built in terminator

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

Notes !

Figure 3-21 Robnet2, SimNet and Roblink network

1. Maximum total length of SimNet cable is 60 m (196 ft.)

excluding the 30 m (99 ft.) of masthead cable.

2. It is not necessary to connect all autopilot control units to

SimNet for data sharing. However, if you want to have full redundancy and SimNet control, e.g. select sources, you have to connect the actual unit to SimNet.

3. AT15 is a NMEA0183/SimNet converter for the IS15

Instrument system. IS15 makes no load on SimNet.

4. AT44 is a SimNet interface that is supplied with CX44 and

CX54 products.

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3.20 Single NMEA input/output

Installation

NAV RECEIVER

OR PLOTTER (NMEA talker)

NMEA listener

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

MAIN PCB

TB13

TX1+

NMEA

Output1

TX1

TB14

Sys. sel.

Gnd

RX1+

NMEA Input 1

RX1

Note

Vbat+

IS15 RUDDER IS15 COMPASS RADAR

Figure 3-22 Single NMEA connection

Caution ! If an IS15 Instrument is powered from TB14 Vbat+ and Gnd,

please observe that Vbat output voltage will follow mains supply voltage. IS15 Compass can only operate on 12V.

3.21 Double NMEA input/output

GPS or

CHARTPLOTTER

GPS or

CHARTPLOTTER

AC20/AC40 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

RX2+

NMEA Input2

TB10

RX2

TX2+

Output2

TX2

NMEA

TB8

TB9

Figure 3-23 Double NMEA connection

MAIN PCB

TB13 TB14

RX1+

TX1

TX1+

Vbat+

NMEA Output1

Sys. sel.

NMEA Input 1

RX1

Gnd

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

3.22 NMEA output on Port 2

Output signal Output terminal Output sentence

Continuous output of compass heading at 10 Hz (10x/sec.) Rudder angle output at 5 Hz

Autopilot Computer Power PCB. NMEA2, TX2+, TX2–.

NMEA format

3.23 NMEA Compass input

AC20/AC40 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

NMEA

COMPASS

HDT (True) or HDG (Magn.) depending on heading source. RSA Rudder angle

POWER PCB

TB8

TB9

RX2+

NMEA Input2

TB10

RX2

Notes !

Figure 3-24 NMEA compass connection:

1. The compass connected to the NMEA port (RX2) will not be

calibrated from the autopilot.

2. The AC10 Autopilot Computer has no port for NMEA

compass input. Use the AT10 Universal Converter (P/N

24005936) according to the drawing below.

AUTOPILOT

CONTROL UNIT

SimNet

12V SimNet

supply

AT10

CONVERTER

White (Rx+)

Brown (Rx-)

NMEA

COMPASS

Tx+

Tx-

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3.24 Radar Clock/Data

Installation

SIMRAD/

ANRITSU

FURUNO

RADAR

AC20/AC40 AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

TB8

Data_h

Figure 3-25 Radar Clock/Data connection

3.25 IS15 Instrument installation

For installation and operation of the IS15 instruments refer to separate manuals. There are two options for interfacing the IS15, SimNet (see page recommended and you need the dedicated AT15 Active Tee as an interface item (page

83) and NMEA0183. The SimNet interface is

88, 146).

TB9

Data_c

Clk_h

Radar

TB10

Clk_c

NMEA In

This connection will provide speed, depth and temperature input to the autopilot. If an IS15 Wind Transducer is connected to the system, wind information will also be transferred to the autopilot.

The connection is made by a Roblink cable from the instrument NMEA socket (4) to the Autopilot Computer Main Board, Terminal RX1+ and RX1-. See

NMEA Out

Figure 3-26.

This will provide the instrument system with heading data.

The connection is made by a Roblink cable from the Autopilot Computer Main Board, terminal TX1+ and TX1– to the instrument NMEA socket (4). See

Figure 3-26.

You will need a minimum of two instrument heads to make the system both ‘listen’ and ‘talk’ (I/O).

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

If IS15 Expander is used in the instrument system, the NMEA connections are made to this unit. See

Figure 3-26 IS15 Instruments / Autopilot computer connection

Figure 3-27.

Figure 3-27 IS15 Expander / Autopilot computer connection

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3.26 External Alarm

The external alarm circuit has an open collector output for an external alarm relay or buzzer (not on AC10). The operating voltage for the circuit is the main supply voltage. Max. load on external alarm output is 0.9 Amp.

Installation

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

POWER PCB

TB6

TB7

TB8

Ext.

alarm

TB9

Figure 3-28 External alarm connection

3.27 LF3000 Linear Feedback

Caution ! The rod of the LF3000 is not locked in place in the cylinder.

Pay attention as it may slip out of its housing and end up on the seabed.

The LF3000 is a waterproof feedback unit. It has a 300 mm (11,8") stroke and comes with a special mounting bracket which secures the LF3000 to the cylinder of the existing outboard drive unit.

The 8,5 m (28') cable is terminated in the LFI3000 Mk2 Linear Feedback Interface according to

The mounting hardware provided is made to interface with Teleflex HC5340 cylinders and Hynautic K7 and K10 Cylinders. The hardware may not be appropriate for other systems.

Center the drives. Loosely secure the LF3000 to the supplied mounting bracket, across the center of the drive unit cylinder. Either cylinder may be used if there is a dual set up. You may mount the feedback in either direction, i.e. the shaft of LF3000 may point to port or starboard.

Figure 3-30.

Loosen the end bolt (a) used to secure the cylinder to the drive unit mount. Insert the rod retaining assembly (b) and retighten the bolt. Secure the feedback rod to the retainer plate using the

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

two washers and the cap nut provided. Adjust the location of the LF3000 Linear Feedback to allow full travel of the hydraulic cylinder without causing the retainer plate to hit the end of the cylinder. Check that the outboard motor can be tilted freely. Tighten all nuts and the mounting bracket.

Turn the helm slowly by hand to the stop on either side, check that the rod does not bind up in any direction. Make a “drip nose” (c) on the cable to the unit and clamp the cable to allow full engine movement to port and starboard.

(END VIEW)

RETAINER PLATE

MOUNTING BRACKET CLAMPS (2 HALVES)

ALLEN HEX SCREWS (2) FLAT WASHERS (2)

CYLINDER

BRACKET

LOCK NUT

LF3000

FLAT WASHERS (2)

LF3000

LINEAR FEEDBACK

Figure 3-29 LF3000 mounting

Electrical connection

LFI3000 Mk2

LINEAR FEEDBACK

INTERFACE

TB1

Brown

White

AUTOPILOT COMPUTER

MAIN PCB

TB2

Yellow

Brown

Green

White

RF+

Rudder Feedb.

Figure 3-30 LF3000/LFI3000 Mk2 connections

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Configuration and setup

4 CONFIGURATION AND SETUP

4.1 First time turn on

Before attempting to turn on the AP25 and perform an Installation Setup, the hardware installation and electrical connections must be completed in accordance with the installation instructions.

The design of the AP25 includes advanced features that have simplified the installation and setup of an autopilot.

Note ! If the autopilot is going to use Virtual feedback (page 67) you

must first go to page

109.

This is the start-up screen that is presented the first time you turn on your autopilot by pressing the STBY/PWR button.

Notes !

1. You can postpone the automatic interface by going directly to

the Installation/Dockside setup. Any time the STBY button is pressed the interface prompt will reappear until the automatic interface has been performed.

2. Be aware that you will have no compass reading before the

automatic interface is completed.

Continue by pressing the STBD (START) button to start the automatic interface.

The autopilot will search for connected sources, and as the sources are detected a black square appears on the screen.

“SEARCHING” is flashing as long as the autopilot is searching for data. When the automatic interface setup is finished, “FINISHED PRESS →” is displayed. Press the STBD button to accept.

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

The display will read ‘SETUP REQUIRED’.

Continue with the installation setup according to the next chapters.

If you already have completed the installation settings, the autopilot will enter STBY mode.

4.2 Description of Installation Settings

Note ! The installation settings must be performed as part of the

installation of the AP25 system. Failure to do so correctly may prohibit the AP25 from functioning properly!

The Installation menu can only be accessed in STBY mode.

The Installation Settings are grouped into the following functional categories:

• Language: Selection of language used for display

information

• Dockside: Items to be set prior to sea trials

These will vary depending on the type of feedback the autopilot will use (page

109)

• Interface: Setting the format of the clock/data output for

radars connected to the Autopilot Computer.

• Display units: Setting the units to be displayed for wind

speed, water temperature and depth.

• Sea trial: Presents settings and automatic calibrations to

be performed during sea trial.

• Parameters: Permits viewing and changing of basic

steering parameters (See also Response control, page

56).

67, 100,

• Service: System data, NMEA data, NMEA test,

SimNet setup, Master reset of memories.

Each group is designed to focus on specific functions, and enable quick access when changes need to be made.

96 20221495F

Configuration and setup

Some important points regarding the installation settings:

• When the AP25 is delivered new from the factory AND ANY

TIME AFTER A MASTER RESET OF MEMORIES HAS BEEN PERFORMED, the installation settings are all reset to factory preset (default) values. The automatic interface prompt will appear (see page

95) and a complete setup has to

be made.

• The values that are selected from within the Installation

Settings Menu, are stored in the memory of the AP25 system. No specific action is required to "SAVE" the selected values. Once the value is changed, it is stored until the next time the menu item is selected and changed.

• The Installation Settings are global except for display units

and language, enabling settings to be distributed to all control units in the system.

• The Seatrial settings are dependent on successful completion

of the Dockside settings.

4.3 Installation Menu

The Installation Menu is presented on the autopilot display by pressing and holding the INFO/SETUP button for 5 seconds.

Note ! The INSTALLATION MENU is different from the USER SETUP

MENU. Refer to the flow diagram on the next page for a pictorial view of the Installation Menu.

Navigate through the Installation Menu as follows:

• Answer YES to a question by rotating the course knob

clockwise.

• Answer NO to a question or proceed to the next menu item by

pressing the STBD button.

• Return to the previous menu item by pressing the PORT

button.

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Simrad AP25 Autopilot

• Change the selected item by rotating the course knob in either

direction.

• Exit the Installation Menu by pressing STBY, AUTO, or

NAV/WIND buttons.

When using the Installation Menu, refer to the diagram "Installation settings Menu Flow Chart" on next page.

Note ! You may proceed through all items in the installation menu by

continuing pressing the STBD button.

Language selection

To access the language selection in the Installation Menu, confirme “Yes” by turning the course knob clockwise

The AP25 can present the display text in eight different languages:

English, Deutsch, Francais, Espanol, Italiano, Nederlands, Svenska and Norsk.

Turn the course knob to select the language you wish to use.

Continue to next item in the menu by pressing the STBD button, or leave the menu by pressing the STBY button.

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Simrad AP25 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.1 General

1.2 How to use this manual

1.3 System components

1.4 AP25 Control Unit

1.5 Autopilot Computer

1.6 RF300 Rudder Feedback unit

1.7 Heading Sensors

RC36 Rate compass

RFC35 Electronic Fluxgate Compass (optional)

NMEA compass (optional)

Simrad gyrocompasses

1.8 Optional equipment

R3000X Remote Control

JS10 Joystick

FU25 Follow-Up Steering Lever

TI25 Thruster Interface

Multiple stations

1.9 Software record

2 OPERATION

2.1 Overview

2.2 ON/OFF - Standby mode

Virtual feedback

Flashing course knob icon

Alarms

2.3 AP25 with MSD50 Stern Drive unit

Zero point setting

2.4 Follow-Up steering (FU)

2.5 Non-Follow-Up steering (NFU)

2.6 R3000X Remote Control (NFU)

2.7 JS10 Joystick (NFU)

2.8 Automatic Steering

Heading capture

2.9 Automatic control of steering parameters

Power boat

Sailboat

2.10 Manual Selection of HI/LO Parameters

2.11 PATTERN steering

U-turn

C-turn

Spiral-turn

Zigzag-turns

Square-turn

Lazy S-turn

Depth Contour

Reference depth

Depth gain

Main course

Contour Cross Angle (CCA)

2.12 Dodge in AUTO

2.13 Thruster Steering (optional)

2.14 Tacking in Auto mode

2.15 NoDrift

Dodge in NoDrift mode

2.16 Navigating with the AP25

Setting the waypoint arrival circle

2.17 Dodge in NAV

2.18 Selecting a different Navigation source

2.19 Wind vane steering

2.20 Tacking and gybing in Wind mode

Tack and gybe operations

Tack and gybe prevent

2.21 Wind steering and navigation

RACING

2.22 Multiple station system

2.23 Lock function

2.24 User Set-up Menu

Alternating Course Knob Icon

STANDBY Mode

AUTO Mode

NAV Mode

WIND Mode

2.25 Quick Setup

VMG optimizing (RACING)

Layline steering (RACING)

2.26 INFO menu