125 psi or 289 ft. of water
(8.8 Kg/cm2 or 88 meters)
MODEL HDF3-A Performance Curve
Performance based on the following: elastomer fitted pump, flooded suction,
water at ambient conditions. The use of other materials and varying hydraulic
100(169.9)
conditions may result in deviations in excess of 5%.
120(203.9)
HEADS UP TO
0
0
200
40
6080
100
120
140160
180
200
220
240
U.S. Gallons per minute
01002003004005006007008009001000
Liters per minute
CAPACITY
SANDPIPER® pumps are designed to be powered only by compressed air.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614 Model HDF3-A & HDF4-A Page 1
260
Explanation of Pump Nomenclature, HDF3-A & HDF4-A
II 2GD T5
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
To order a pump or replacement parts, rst enter the Model Number HDF3-A, or HDF4-A, followed by the Type Designation listed below in the far left column.
A = Compressed Fibre B = Nitrile N = Neoprene SS = Stainless Steel
AL = Aluminun CI = Cast Iron PS = Plated Steel S = Santoprene
ALM = Almag 35 Aluminum H = Hytrel® R = Urethane
Hytrel is a registered tradename of E.I. du Pont. Santoprene is a registered tradename of Exxon Mobil Corp.
Maximum and Minimum Temperatures are the limits for which
these materials can be operated. Temperatures coupled with
pressure affect the longevity of diaphragm pump components.
Maximum life should not be expected at the extreme limits of
the temperature ranges.
Materials
Nitrile General purpose, oil-resistant. Shows good solvent, oil, water and hydraulic uid resistance. Should
not be used with highly polar solvents like acetone and MEK, ozone, chlorinated hydrocarbons and nitro
hydrocarbons.
NEOPRENE All purpose. Resistant to vegetable oils. Generally not affected by moderate chemicals, fats,
greases and many oils and solvents. Generally attacked by strong oxidizing acids, ketones, esters, nitro
hydrocarbons and chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons.
®
HYTREL
Urethane
Santoprene
lent abrasion resistance.
‡
For specic applications, always consult “Chemical Resistance Chart" Technical Bulletin
Good on acids, bases, amines and glycols at room temperature.
Shows good resistance to abrasives. Has poor resistance to most solvents and oils.
®
Injection molded thermoplastic elastomer with no fabric layer. Long mechanical ex life. Excel-
CF-8M Stainless Steel equal to or exceeding ASTM specication A743 for corrosion resistant iron chro-
mium, iron chromium nickel, and nickel based alloy castings for general applications. Commonly referred
to as 316 Stainless Steel in the pump industry.
Maximum Minimum
®
Operating Temperatures
190°F -10°F
88°C -23°C
200°F -10°F
93°C -23°C
220°F -20°F
104°C -29°C
150°F +32°F
66°C 0°C
275°F -40°F
135°C -40°C
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614
II 2 G c T5
II 3/2 G c T5
II 2 D c T100oC
All models, including pumps equipped with Aluminum
wetted and midsection parts.
See page 6 for ATEX Explanation of Type
Examination Certicate.
Dimensions:
Dimensions are ± 1/8"
Figures in parenthesis = millimeters
HDF3-A & HDF4-A
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614 Model HDF3-A & HDF4-A Page 3
SERVICE AND OPERATING MANUAL
II 2GD T5
Models HDF3-A Type 7
See pages 16 & 17
for ATEX ratings
PRINCIPLE OF PUMP OPERATION
This ap swing check valve pump is powered by compressed air and is a 1:1
pressure ratio design. It alternately pressurizes the inner side of one diaphragm
chamber, while simultaneously exhausting the other inner chamber. This causes the
diaphragms, which are connected by a common rod, to move endwise. Air pressure
is applied over the entire surface of the diaphragm, while liquid is discharged from
the opposite side. The diaphragm operates under a balanced condition during the
discharge stroke, which allows the unit to be operated at discharge heads over 200
feet (61 meters) of water head.
Since the diaphragms are connected by a common rod, secured by plates to the
center of the diaphragms, one diaphragm performs the discharge stroke, while the
other is pulled to perform the suction stroke in the opposite chamber.
For maximum diaphragm life, keep the pump as close to the liquid being pumped
as possible. Positive suction head in excess of 10 feet of liquid (3.048 meters) may
require a back pressure regulating device. This will maximize diaphragm life.
Alternate pressuring and exhausting of the diaphragm chamber is performed by
means of an externally mounted, pilot operated, four-way spool type air distribution
valve. When the spool shifts to one end of the valve body, inlet air pressure is applied
to one diaphragm chamber and the other diaphragm chamber exhausts. When the
spool shifts to the opposite end of the valve body, the porting of chambers is reversed.
The air distribution valve spool is moved by an internal pilot valve which alternately
pressurizes one side of the air distribution valve spool, while exhausting the other side.
The pilot valve is shifted at each end of the diaphragm stroke by the diaphragm plate
coming in contact with the end of the pilot valve spool. This pushes it into position for
shifting of the air distribution valve.
The chambers are manifolded together with a suction and discharge check valve
for each chamber, maintaining ow in one direction through the pump.
HDF4-A Type 3
INSTALLATION & START-UP
Locate the pump as close to the product being pumped as possible, keeping suction
line length and number of ttings to a minimum. Do not reduce line size.
For installations of rigid piping, short exible sections of hose should be installed
between pump and piping. This reduces vibration and strain to the piping system.
A Warren Rupp Tranquilizer
pulsation in ow.
This pump was tested at the factory prior to shipment and is ready for operation. It is
completely self-priming from a dry start for suction lifts of 20 feet (6.096 meters) or less.
For suction lifts exceeding 20 feet of liquid, ll the chambers with liquid prior to priming.
®
Surge Suppressor is recommended to further reduce
AIR SUPPLY
Air supply pressures cannot exceed 125 psi (8.61 bar). Connect the pump air inlet
to an air supply of sufcient capacity and pressure required for desired performance.
When the air line is solid piping, use a short length of exible hose (not less than 3/4"
(19mm) in diameter) between pump and piping to eliminate strain to pipes.
AIR INLET & PRIMING
For start-up, open an air valve approximately 1/2" to 3/4" turn. After the unit primes,
an air valve can be opened to increase ow as desired. If opening the valve increases
cycling rate, but does not increase ow rate, cavitation has occurred, and the valve
should be closed slightly.
For the most efcient use of compressed air and the longest diaphragm life, throttle
the air inlet to the lowest cycling rate that does not reduce ow.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614
Available from
Distributor
Available from
Warren Rupp
INSTALLATION GUIDE
Bottom Discharge Flap Valve Unit
CAUTION
The air exhaust should be
piped to an area for safe
disposition of the product
being pumped, in the event
of a diaphragm failure.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614 Model HDF3-A & HDF4-A Page 5
AIR VALVE LUBRICATION
The Sandpiper pump’s pilot valve and main air valve assemblies are designed
to operate WITHOUT lubrication. This is the preferred mode of operation. There
may be instances of personal preference, or poor quality air supplies when lubrication
of the compressed air supply is required. The pump air system will operate with
properly lubricated compressed air supplies. Proper lubrication of the compressed air
supply would entail the use of an air line lubricator (available from Warren Rupp) set
to deliver one drop of 10 weight, non-detergent oil for every 20 SCFM of air the pump
consumed at its point of operation. Consult the pump’s published Performance Curve
to determine this.
It is important to remember to inspect the sleeve and spool set routinely. It should
move back and forth freely. This is most important when the air supply is lubricated.
If a lubricator is used, oil accumulation will, over time, collect any debris from the
compressed air. This can prevent the pump from operating properly.
Water in the compressed air supply can create problems such as icing or freezing
of the exhaust air causing the pump to cycle erratically, or stop operating. This can
be addressed by using a point of use air dryer (available from Warren Rupp) to
supplement a plant’s air drying equipment. This device will remove excess water from
the compressed air supply and alleviate the icing or freezing problem.
Externally Serviceable Air Distribution System
Please refer to the exploded view drawing and parts list in the Service Manual
supplied with your pump. If you need replacement or additional copies, contact your
local Warren Rupp Distributor, or the Warren Rupp factory Literature Department at
the number shown below. To receive the correct manual, you must specify the MODEL
and TYPE information found on the name plate of the pump.
Models with 1" suction/discharge or larger and METAL center sections
The main air valve sleeve and spool set is located in the valve body mounted on
the pump with four hex head capscrews. The valve body assembly is removed from
the pump by removing these four hex head capscrews.
With the valve body assembly off the pump, access to the sleeve and spool set is
made by removing four hex head capscrews (each end) on the end caps of the valve
body assembly. With the end caps removed, slide the spool back and forth in the
sleeve. The spool is closely sized to the sleeve and must move freely to allow for proper
pump operation. An accumulation of oil, dirt or other contaminants from the pump’s
air supply, or from a failed diaphragm, may prevent the spool from moving freely. This
can cause the spool to stick in a position that prevents the pump from operating. If
this is the case, the sleeve and spool set should be removed from the valve body for
cleaning and further inspection.
Remove the spool from the sleeve. Using an arbor press or bench vise (with an
improvised mandrel), press the sleeve from the valve body. Take care not to damage
the sleeve. At this point, inspect the o-rings on the sleeve for nicks, tears or abrasions.
Damage of this sort could happen during assembly or servicing. A sheared or cut
o-ring can allow the pump’s compressed air supply to leak or bypass within the air
valve assembly, causing the pump to leak compressed air from the pump air exhaust
or not cycle properly. This is most noticeable at pump dead head or high discharge
pressure conditions. Replace any of these o-rings as required or set up a routine,
preventive maintenance schedule to do so on a regular basis. This practice should
include cleaning the spool and sleeve components with a safety solvent or equivalent,
inspecting for signs of wear or damage, and replacing worn components.
To re-install the sleeve and spool set, lightly lubricate the o-rings on the sleeve with
an o-ring assembly lubricant or lightweight oil (such as 10 wt. air line lubricant). Press
the set into the valve body easily, without shearing the o-rings. Re-install one end cap,
gasket and bumper on the valve body. Using the arbor press or bench vise that was
used in disassembly, press the sleeve back into the valve body. You may have to clean
the surfaces of the valve body where the end caps mount. Material may remain from
the old gasket. Old material not cleaned from this area may cause air leakage after
reassembly. Take care that the bumper stays in place allowing the sleeve to press
in all the way. Reinstall the spool, the opposite end cap, gasket and bumper on the
valve body. After inspecting and cleaning the gasket surfaces on the valve body and
intermediate, reinstall the valve body on the pump using new gaskets. Tighten the four
hex head capscrews evenly and in an alternating cross pattern.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614
PILOT VALVE
The pilot valve assembly is accessed by removing the main air distribution valve body
from the pump and lifting the pilot valve body out of the intermediate housing.
Most problems with the pilot valve can be corrected by replacing the o-rings. Always
grease the spool prior to inserting it into the sleeve. If the sleeve is removed from the body,
reinsertion must be at the chamfered side. Grease the o-rings to slide the sleeve into the
valve body. Securely insert the retaining ring around the sleeve. When reinserting the
pilot valve, push both plungers (located inside the intermediate bracket) out of the path
of the pilot valve spool ends to avoid damage.
PILOT VALVE ACTUATOR
Bushings for the pilot valve actuators are threaded into the intermediate bracket from
the outside. The plunger may be removed for inspection or replacement. First remove the
air distribution valve body and the pilot valve body from the pump. The plungers can be
located by looking into the intermediate. It may be necessary to use a ne piece of wire
to pull them out. The bushing can be turned out through the inner chamber by removing
the outer chamber assembly. Replace the bushings if pins have bent.
AIR EXHAUST
If a diaphragm fails, the pumped liquid or fumes can enter the air end of the pump, and
be exhausted into the atmosphere. When pumping hazardous or toxic materials, pipe the
exhaust to an appropriate area for safe disposition.
This pump can be submerged if materials of construction are compatible with the liquid.
The air exhaust must be piped above the liquid level. Piping used for the air exhaust must
not be smaller than 1" (2.54 cm). Reducing the pipe size will restrict air ow and reduce
pump performance. When the product source is at a higher level than the pump (ooded
suction), pipe the exhaust higher than the product source to prevent siphoning spills.
Freezing or icing-up of the air exhaust can occur under certain temperature and
humidity conditions. Use of a Warren Rupp Extractor/Dryer unit should eliminate most
icing problems.
BETWEEN USES
When used for materials that tend to settle out or transform to solid form, the pump
should be completely ushed after each use, to prevent damage. Product remaining
in the pump between uses could dry out or settle out. This could cause problems with
valves and diaphragms at re-start. In freezing temperatures, the pump must be drained
between uses in all cases.
CHECK VALVE SERVICING
For ap valve inspection or replacement, remove the ange bolts securing the suction
and discharge elbows and loosen Dresser-type couplings. The ap valves are exposed
for inspection or servicing upon removal of elbows.
DIAPHRAGM SERVICING
Diaphragms are serviced by removing the outer diaphragm chambers which are
secured with 12 bolts. After removing the outer chamber, unbolt the diaphragm plate by
removing 6 socket head capscrews (Allen wrench required). To remove the diaphragm
rod, remove the inner diaphragm plate secured by a nut on the end of the diaphragm rod.
The opposite diaphragm and rod can then be removed as a unit. The interior components
consisting of sleeve bearings, rod seals, and pilot valve actuator bushings are now
accessible for service if required.
REASSEMBLY
All procedures for reassembling the pump are the reverse of the above with these
further instructions:
1. Install the diaphragms with their natural bulge outward. Make certain that the rubber
diaphragm rod bumper is installed on the rod behind each inner diaphragm plate. Retorque the 6 socket head capscrews that secure the diaphragm between the plates to 30
foot Ibs. (40.67 Newton meters) torque reading.
2. Caution should be used while reassembling the check valves. The valves are
designed for some preload over the retainer and the hinge pad. This is done to insure
proper face contact with the seat. After all parts are in place, tighten the lock nuts down
on the assembly to the point where visual inspection shows that seat and valve face mate
without gap. This is important for dry primes. However, after priming action has started,
valves will function due to differential pressure without concern or trouble.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614 Model HDF3-A & HDF4-A Page 7
TROUBLE SHOOTING
PROBLEM: Pump cycles but will not pump. (Note: higher suction lifts require faster
cycling speed for priming.)
POSSIBLE CAUSES:
A. Air leak in suction line.
B. Excessive suction lift.
C. Check valve not closing.
D. Leakage at joint of suction manifold or elbow ange.
E. Suction line plugged.
F. Diaphragm ruptured.
PROBLEM: Pump will not cycle. (Note: Always disconnect air supply to relieve air
pressure before disassembling any portion of pump.)
POSSIBLE CAUSES:
A. Discharge hose or line plugged, or discharge head requirement greater than air
pressure. (Disconnect discharge line to check.)
B. Spool in air distribution valve not shifting. (Remove end cap and check spool - must
slide freely.)
C. Diaphragm ruptured. (Air will escape out discharge line in this case.)
D. Blockage in diaphragm chamber preventing movement. (Shut off air supply and
reopen after pressure is relieved.)
E. Plugged or dirty exhaust mufer.
PROBLEM: Uneven discharge ow. (Indicates one chamber not operating properly.)
POSSIBLE CAUSES:
A. Check valve not sealing properly in one chamber.
B. Diaphragm failure in one chamber.
C. Air leak at suction manifold joint or elbow ange one side.
For additional information, see the Warren Rupp Troubleshooting Guide.
WARRANTY
This pump is warranted for a period of ve years against defective material and
workmanship. Failure to comply with the recommendations stated in this manual voids
all factory warranty.
RECOMMENDED WARREN RUPP ACCESSORIES
TO MAXIMIZE PUMP PERFORMANCE:
• Tranquiilizer® Surge Suppressor. For nearly pulse-free ow.
• Warren Rupp Air Dryer. For clean, dry compressed air.
• Warren Rupp Filter/Regulator. For modular installation and
service convenience.
• Warren Rupp Speed Control. For manual or programmable
process control. Manual adjustment or 4-20mA reception.
For more detailed information on these accessories, contact your local
Warren Rupp Factory-Authorized Distributor, or Warren Rupp corporate
headquarters.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614
Grounding The Pump
One eyelet is fastened to the pump hardware.
One eyelet is installed to a true earth ground.
WARNING
Take action to prevent static sparking. Fire or explosion can result,
especially when handling ammable
liquids. The pump, piping, valves,
containers or other miscellaneous
equipment must be grounded.
This 8 foot long (244 centimeters)
Ground Strap, part number 920.025.000
can be ordered as a service item.
To reduce the risk of static electrical sparking, this pump must be
grounded. Check the local electrical code for detailed grounding
instruction and the type of equipment required, or in the absence of local
codes, an industry or nationally recognized code having jurisdiction over
specic installations.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614 Model HDF3-A & HDF4-A Page 9
IMPORTANT SAFETY
INFORMATION
IMPORTANT
Read these safety warnings
Read these safety warnings
and instructions in this
and instructions in this
manual completely, before
manual completely, before
installation and start-up
of the pump. It is the responsibility of the
of the pump. It is the responsibility of the
purchaser to retain this manual for reference.
purchaser to retain this manual for reference.
Failure to comply with the recommendations
Failure to comply with the recommendations
stated in this manual will damage the pump,
stated in this manual will damage the pump,
and void factory warranty.
and void factory warranty.
prevent leakage. Follow recommended torques
stated in this manual.
gas will void the warranty.
pressurized and must be bled of its pressure.
installation and start-up
CAUTION
Before pump operation,
inspect all gasketed
fasteners for looseness
caused by gasket creep. Retorque loose fasteners to
CAUTION
Pump not designed,
tested or certied to be
powered by compressed
natural gas. Powering
the pump with natural
WARNING
Before maintenance or
repair, shut off the compressed air line, bleed the
pressure, and disconnect
the air line from the pump.
The discharge line may be
WARNING
Take action to prevent static
sparking. Fire or explosion
can result, especially when
handling ammable liquids.
containers or other miscellaneous equipment
must be grounded. (See page 10)
The pump, piping, valves,
WARNING
This pump is pressurized
internally with air pressure
during operation. Always
make certain that all bolting
is in good condition and
bolting is reinstalled during assembly.
that all of the correct
WARNING
When used for toxic or
aggressive uids, the pump
should always be ushed
clean prior to disassembly.
WARNING
Before doing any maintenance on the pump,
be certain all pressure is
completely vented from the
pump, suction, discharge,
openings and connections. Be certain the air
supply is locked out or made non-operational,
so that it cannot be started while work is being
done on the pump. Be certain that approved
eye protection and protective clothing are worn
all times in the vicinity of the pump. Failure to
follow these recommendations may result in
serious injury or death.
piping, and all other
WARNING
Airborne particles and
loud noise hazards.
Wear ear and eye
protection.
WARNING
In the event of diaphragm
rupture, pumped material
may enter the air end of the
pump, and be discharged
into the atmosphere. If
pumping a product which is hazardous or toxic,
the air exhaust must be piped to an appropriate
area for safe disposition.
kg
WARNING
Use safe practices
when lifting
RECYCLING
Many components of SANDPIPER® AODD pumps are made
of recyclable materials (see chart on page 12 for material
specications). We encourage pump users to recycle worn out parts
and pumps whenever possible, after any hazardous pumped uids
are thoroughly ushed.
hdf3adl7sm-rev0614
MATERIAL CODES
THE LAST 3 DIGITS OF PART NUMBER
000 Assembly, sub-assembly;
and some purchased items
010 Cast Iron
012 Powered Metal
015 Ductile Iron
020 Ferritic Malleable Iron
025 Music Wire
080 Carbon Steel, AISI B-1112
100 Alloy 20
110 Alloy Type 316 Stainless Steel
111 Alloy Type 316 Stainless Steel
(Electro Polished)
112 Alloy C
113 Alloy Type 316 Stainless Steel
EC Type Certificate No. Pumps: KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
Type Certificate No. Pumps: KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
Type Certificate No. Suppressors: KEMA 09ATEX0073
II 2 G Ex ia c IIC T5
II 3/2 G Ex ia c IIC T5
II 2 D
Ex c iaD 20 IP67 T100oC
II 2 G EEx m c II T5
II 3/2 G EEx m c II T5
II 2 D c IP65 T100
II 1 G c T5
II 3/1 G c T5
II 1 D c T100
I M1 c
I M2 c
II 2 G c T5
II 3/2 G c T5
II 2 D c T100
II 3/2 G T5
II 2 D T100
Non-Conductive
Fluids
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
CE 0344
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
o
C
o
C
o
C
o
C
CE 0344
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
CE 0344
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
CE
KEMA 09ATEX0073
CE
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0071 X
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
KEMA 09ATEX0072 X
KEMA 09ATEX0073
KEMA 09ATEX0073
KEMA 09ATEX0073
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Pumps marked with equipment Category II 3/1 G (internal 3 G /
eternal 1 G), 1D, M1 and M2 when used for non-conductive fluids.
The pumps are Category II 2 G when used for conductive fluids.
Pumps and surge suppressors marked with equipment Category II 3/2
(internal 3 G / external 2 G), 2D when used for non-conductive fluids.
The pumps are Category II 2 G when used for conductive fluids.
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