Rheem R-410A Installation Manual
WARNING:
Enabled
RECOGNIZE THIS SYMBOL
AS AN INDICATION OF
IMPORTANT SAFETY
INFORMATION
WARNING
THESE INSTRUCTIONS
ARE INTENDED AS AN AID
TO QUALIFIED, LICENSED
SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR
PROPER INSTALLATION,
ADJUSTMENT, AND
OPERATION OF THIS UNIT.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS
THOROUGHLY BEFORE
ATTEMPTING INSTALLATION
OR OPERATION. FAILURE
TO FOLLOW THESE
INSTRUCTIONS MAY
RESULT IN IMPROPER
INSTALLATION,
ADJUSTMENT, SERVICE,
OR MAINTENANCE
POSSIBLY RESULTING IN
FIRE, ELECTRICAL SHOCK,
PROPERTY DAMAGE,
PERSONAL INJURY, OR
DEATH.
VARIABLE SPEED R-410A
HEAT PUMP/ AIR CONDITIONING
OUTDOOR UNITS
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
(-)A15AZ(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ
(15/16 SEER2) EQUIPPED WITH
ECONET™ COMMUNICATIONS
Do not destroy this manual.
Please read carefully and
keep in a safe place for future
reference by a serviceman.
[ ] indicates metric conversions.
92-104921-25-04( / )
Printed in the USA
ISO 9001:2015
CONTENTS
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ............................................................3
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................4
2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................4
2.2 Agency Performance Audit Testing Notice ...................................................4
2.3 Importance of Quality Installation..................................................................4
2.4 System Sizing and Selection ......................................................................... 4
2.5 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups ........................................5
Contents
2.6 Checking Product Received ..........................................................................5
2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice .......................................................................5
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................5
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................6
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models .................................... 6
3.2 Electrical and Physical Data .......................................................................... 7
4.0 INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................8
4.1 Tools and Refrigerant ..................................................................................... 8
4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing and Servicing R-410A Models .................8
4.1.2 Specications of R-410A .......................................................................8
4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for R-410A ......................................................8
4.2 Choosing a Location ......................................................................................9
4.2.1 Allowable Clearances ............................................................................9
4.2.2 Operational Issues Related to Unit Location ........................................9
4.2.3 Corrosive Environment........................................................................ 10
4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues .............................................................10
4.3 Unit Mounting ............................................................................................... 10
4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods ....................................................................... 10
4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-Down Methods .......................................10
4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.) ......................................................................... 10
4.3.3 Elevating Unit ............................................................................................ 11
4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems ................................................................ 12
4.4.2 Line Set Application Considerations ................................................... 12
4.4.2.1 Oil Return to Compressor ..............................................................12
4.4.2.2 Refrigerant Migration During Off Cycle ........................................ 12
4.4.2.3 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop ................................................... 12
4.4.2.4 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing ................................................... 12
4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection ..................................................................... 12
4.4.2.5 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications ................... 13
4.4.2.6 Capacity Losses............................................................................13
4.4.3 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses.....................................................13
4.4.4 Liquid Line Selection ........................................................................... 14
4.4.5 Vapor Line Selection ........................................................................... 14
4.5 Line Set Installation .....................................................................................17
4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices ............................................... 17
4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units .................................. 18
4.5.2.1 Outdoor Unit Level or Near Level to Indoor Coil Line Set ............18
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................18
4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Coil (Long Line Set Applications) ..... 19
4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Coil ................................................... 20
4.5.3 Tubing Connections ............................................................................ 21
4.6 Initial Leak Testing ......................................................................................22
4.7 Evacuation ...................................................................................................22
4.8 Final Leak Testing ........................................................................................ 23
4.9 Control Wiring .............................................................................................. 23
4.9.1 EcoNet™ Communications ...................................................................23
4.9.2 EcoNet™ Control Center Installation ...................................................23
4.9.3 EcoNet™ Communication Wiring Connections ...................................23
4.9.4 Conventional 24VAC Thermostat Control Wiring Connections .......... 24
4.9.5 For Installations with Only 2 Thermostat Wires...................................25
4.9 Control Wiring (cont.) ...................................................................................26
4.10 Power Wiring ..............................................................................................27
4.11 Grounding.......................................................................................................27
5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING ..............................28
5.1 System Start-Up Over view .......................................................................... 28
5.2 Initial Power-Up............................................................................................28
and EcoNet™ Communication Verification.........................................................28
5.3 EcoNet™ Control Center Set-Up ..................................................................28
5.4 Initial System ................................................................................................27
Start-Up .............................................................................................................. 27
5.5 Entering Charge Mode Using EcoNet™ Control Center Service Menu .......29
5.6 Entering Charge Mode When Using a Universal Outdoor Control ............. 29
5.7 Indoor Air-Flow Verification ........................................................................30
5.8 Refrigerant Charging ...................................................................................30
5.8.1 Measurement Device Set-Up .............................................................. 31
5.8.2 Preliminary Charging by Weight .........................................................31
5.8.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures (Optional) ...................................31
5.8.4 Final Charging by Liquid Subcooling ..................................................30
5.8.5 R- 410A Temperature Pressure Chart ................................................. 30
5.9 Completing Installation ...............................................................................30
6.0 NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION ........................................................33
6.1 Cooling Mode ............................................................................................... 33
6.2 On-Demand Cooling Dehumidification ....................................................... 33
6.3 Low Ambient Cooling Mode .........................................................................33
6.4 Supplemental Electric
6.5 Dual Fuel Applications
6.6 Demand Defrost ...........................................................................................34
6.7 Sequence of Operation for Conventional 2-Stage 24VAC Thermostat Controls .. 35
7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS .......................................................................36
7.1 E coNet™ Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) ..............................................36
7.1.1 Board Features and Connections .......................................................36
7.1.2 Factor y Superheat Setting......................................................................36
7.2 Power Inverter Compressor Control ............................................................37
8.0 ACTIVE SYSTEM PROTECTION FEATURES ...............................................38
8.1 Minimum Run Timer .....................................................................................38
8.2 Oil Return Cycle ...........................................................................................38
8.3 High Discharge Temperature.......................................................................38
8.4 High Discharge Pressure ............................................................................. 38
8.5 Low Suction Pressure
Loss of Charge ...................................................................................................38
8.6 Compressor Shut-Down Sequence for High or Low Refrigerant Pressure Fault .... 39
8.7 Overcurrent and Current Imbalance ............................................................39
8.8 Compressor Operation Outside Envelope .................................................. 39
8.9 Over and Under Voltage .............................................................................. 39
8.10 Inverter Over Temperature .........................................................................39
8.11 Controls and Communication Malfunction .................................................39
8.12 Sensor Failure Default Operation ..............................................................40
8.13 Exiting Active Protection Lock-Out Mode .................................................. 40
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................41
9.1 Checking Transducers & Temperature Sensors ..........................................43
9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide ..................................................................45
9.3 Service Analyzer Char ts ..............................................................................46
9.4 Troubleshooting Tips.......................................................................................51
10.0 OUTDOOR UNIT MAINTENANCE ................................................................ 52
10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning ................................................................................52
10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care .......................................................................52
10.3 Motor Lubrication .......................................................................................52
10.4 Replacement Parts ....................................................................................52
11.0 WIRING DIAGRAM ........................................................................................53
12.0 APPENDIX ......................................................................................................55
12.1 Agency Performance Audit Test Instructions ............................................56
Heat in Heating Mode ................................................. 33
– Heating Mode ..........................................................34
/ ....................................................................................38
2
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNINGS:
• These instructions are intended as an aid to qualified,
licensed service personnel for proper installation,
adjustment, and operation of this unit. Read these
instructions thoroughly before attempting installation
or operation. Failure to follow these instructions
may result in improper installation, adjustment,
service, or maintenance possibly resulting in
fire, electrical shock, property damage, personal
injury, or death.
• The unit must be permanently grounded. Failure
to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• Turn off electric power at the fuse box or service
panel before making any electrical connections.
• Complete the ground connection before making
line voltage connections. Failure to do so can
result in electrical shock, severe personal injury,
or death.
• Disconnect all power to unit before starting
maintenance. Failure to do so can cause electrical
shock resulting in severe personal injury or death.
• Never assume the unit is properly wired and/or
grounded. Always test the unit cabinet with a
noncontact voltage detector available at most
electrical supply houses or home centers before
removing access panels or coming into contact
with the unit cabinet.
• DO NOT use oxygen to purge lines or pressurize
system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with
oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• The top of the scroll compressor shell is hot. Touching
the compressor top may result in serious personal
injury.
• The manufacturer’s warranty does not cover any
damage or defect to the unit caused by the attachment
or use of any components, accessories, or devices
(other than those authorized by the manufacturer)
into, onto, or in conjunction with the heat pump. You
should be aware that the use of unauthorized
components, accessories, or devices may
adversely affect the operation of the heat pump
and may also endanger life and property. The
manufacturer disclaims any responsibility for such loss
or injury resulting from the use of such unauthorized
components, accessories, or devices.
• This product is not approved for installation at
6561 feet [2000 meters] above sea level or higher.
Installation at higher altitudes may result in control
and unit failures due to electrical arc tracking between
electrical components on the invertor drive control
board. Possibly resulting in fire, electrical shock,
property damage, personal injury, or death.
CAUTIONS:
• R-410A systems operate at approximately 60% higher
pressures (1.6 times) than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A
equipment. Use appropriate care when using this
refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in
equipment damage or personal injury.
• Only match this outdoor unit with a matched indoor coil
or air handler approved for use with this outdoor unit
per the unit manufacturer’s specification sheet. The
use of unmatched coils or air handler will likely result
in a charge imbalance between the cooling and heating
modes which can cause unsatisfactory operation
including a high-pressure switch lockout condition.
• Only use indoor coils approved for use on R-410A
systems. An R-22 coil will have a TXV or fixed
expansion device that is not designed to operate
properly in an R-410A system and will result in serious
operational issues. The R-22 coil could also contain a
significant amount of mineral oil which is incompatible
with the POE oil used in R-410A systems and could
result in reliability issues with the compressor and
expansion devices.
• When the indoor coil or air handler is installed over
a finished ceiling and/or living area, it is required that
an auxiliary overflow pan be constructed and installed
under the entire indoor unit. Failure to do so can result
in property damage.
• UNIT MAY START SUDDENLY AND WITHOUT
WARNING. The blue cooling status LED shall blink
(1 second ON, 1 second OFF) if waiting for the short
cycle timer (LOCKTIMR) to expire, otherwise it shall
blink the first digit of the capacity percentage requested
(for example, blink 7 times for 70% capacity). At 100%
capacity the LED shall be solid on. The orange heating
status LED shall blink (1 second ON, 1 second OFF) if
waiting for the short cycle timer (LOCKTIMR) to expire,
otherwise it shall blink the first digit of the capacity
percentage requested (for example, blink 7 times for
70% capacity). At 100% capacity the LED shall be
solid on.
Safety
3
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING:
Improper installation, or installation not made in
accordance with these instructions, can result
in unsatisfactory operation and/or dangerous
conditions and can cause the related warranty
not to apply.
2.1 Introduction
The (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ series heat
pumps and condensing units are specifically
designed to operate with matching communicating
EcoNet™ enabled air-handlers, gas furnaces, and
Control Center. A conventional 24VAC 2-stage
thermostat can be used, but many features and
benefits are lost.
This installation instruction manual contains
complete instructions for installation and setup
using the EcoNet™ or conventional 24VAC 2-stage
General Information
controls. Please refer to the manufacturer's
specification sheets for complete performance
data, thermostat, and accessory listings.
The information contained in this manual has
been prepared to assist in the proper installation,
operation, and maintenance of the air conditioning
system.
Read this manual and any instructions packaged
with separate equipment required to make up the
system prior to installation. Homeowner should
retain this manual for future reference.
2.2 Agency Performance
Audit Testing Notice
For purposes of verifying or testing efficiency
ratings, the test procedure in Title 10 APPENDIX
M to Subpart B of Part 430 (Uniform Test Method
for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps) and
the clarifying provisions provided in the AHRI
Operations Manual 210/240 that were applicable
at the date of manufacture should be used for
test set up and performance.
Should this unit be selected for performance audit
testing, follow the instructions included in the
Appendix (Section 12.1) of this manual.
4
2.3 Importance of Quality
Installation
A quality installation is critical to assure safety,
reliability, comfort, and customer satisfaction. Strict
adherence to applicable codes, the information in
this installation manual, the outdoor unit installation
manual, and the thermostat installation manual
are key to a quality installation. Read the entire
instruction manuals before starting the installation.
IMPORTANT: This product has been designed
and manufactured to meet certified AHRI capacity
and efficiency ratings with the appropriate outdoor
units. However, proper refrigerant charge, proper
airflow, and refrigerant line sizing are critical to
achieve optimum capacity and efficiency and to
assure reliable operation. Installation of this
product should follow the manufacturer’s refrigerant
charging and airflow instructions located in this
installation manual and the charging chart label
affixed to the outdoor unit. Failure to confirm
proper charge and airflow may reduce energy
efficiency and shorten equipment life.
The equipment has been evaluated in accordance
with the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XX,
Part 3280.
Install the unit in accordance with applicable
national, state, and local codes. Latest editions
are available from: “National Fire Protection
Association, Inc., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA
02269.” These publications are:
• ANSI/NFPA No. 70-(Latest Edition) National
Electrical Code.
• NFPA90A Installation of Air Conditioning and
Ventilating Systems.
• NFPA90B Installation of warm air heating and air
conditioning systems.
Install the unit in such a way as to allow necessary
access to the coil/filter rack and blower/control
compartment.
2.4 System Sizing and
Selection
Before specifying any heat pump equipment, a
survey of the structure and heat loss and heat
gain calculations must be made. A heat loss
calculation involves identifying all surfaces and
openings that lose heat to the surrounding air in
the heating mode and quantifying that heat loss. A
heat gain calculation makes similar measurements
and determines the amount of heat required to
be removed in the cooling mode. A heat gain
calculation also calculates the extra heat load
caused by sunlight and by humidity removal. These
factors must be considered before selecting a heat
pump system to provide year-round comfort. The
Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
Manual J method of load calculation is one
recognized procedure for determining the heating
and cooling load.
After the proper equipment combination has
been selected, satisfying both sensible and
latent requirements, the system must be properly
installed. Only then can the system provide the
comfort it was designed to provide.
There are several factors that installers must
consider.
• Outdoor unit location
• Indoor unit blower speed and airflow
• Proper equipment evacuation
• Supply and return air duct design and sizing
• Refrigerant charge
• System air balancing
• Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing
IMPORTANT: Excessive use of
elbows in the refrigerant line set can produce
excessive pressure drop. Follow industry
best practices for installation. Installation
and commissioning of this equipment is to
be performed by trained and qualified HVAC
professionals. For technical assistance, contact
your Distributor Service Coordinator.
shipping company. Check model number, electrical
characteristics, and accessories to determine if they
are correct. Check system components (indoor coil,
outdoor unit, air handler/furnace, etc.) to make sure
they are properly matched.
2.7 Compressor Break-In
Notice
Prior to agency testing, system must be operated
for 20 hours at 115ºF [46.1ºC] outdoor ambient
temperature with 80ºF [26.7ºC] dry bulb 75ºF
[23.9ºC] wet bulb indoor ambient temperature to
break the compressor in.
General Information
2.5 Importance of Proper
Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups
To assure many years of reliable operation
and optimum customer comfort and to assure
the outdoor unit warranty remains valid, an airhandler model or indoor coil/furnace combination
should be selected that is properly matched to the
outdoor unit. This is especially critical for heat
pump systems to assure proper refrigerant charge
balance between the cooling and heating modes.
The recommended approach is to select an airhandler or indoor coil and gas furnace that has an
AHRI match with the outdoor unit. Refer to the
AHRI directory at www.ahridirectory.org to confirm
the air-handler and outdoor unit are a certified
combination in the AHRI Directory.
2.6 Checking Product
Received
Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping
damage. Claims for damage, either apparent or
concealed, should be filed immediately with the
Unit Specications
5
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS
(-) P 16
A
Z36A
J
3 C
A
Minor Series
Controls
C - Communicating
N - Non-Communicating
U - Other Communicating
Type
1 - 1 Stage
2 - 2 Stage
3 - 3 Stage
V - Fully Variabl
e
Voltag
e
J - 1PH 208-230'60
Major Series
Capacity
24 = 24000 BTU/HR
36 = 36000 BTU/HR
48 = 48000 BTU/HR
60 - 60000 BTU/HR
Refrigerant
Z- R-410A
Y - R-454B
W - Future Refrigerant
Region
A - All Regions
SEER
2
Product Category
P - Heat Pump
D - Side Discharge Heat Pump
A - Air Conditioner
Brand
R - Rheem / Ruud
U - Ruud Ultra
ML - Mainline
S - Sure Comfort / Russel By Rheem
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models
Unit Specications
6
',0(16 6,21
“L”
“W”
“H”
ST-A1226-02-00
1
2
3
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models (cont.)
AVAILABLE MODELS
(-)A15AZ24AJ3CA (-)A16AZ24AJ3CA (-)P16AZ24AJ3CA
(-)A15AZ36AJ3CA (-)A16AZ36AJ3CA (-)P16AZ36AJ3CA
(-)A15AZ48AJ3CA (-)A16AZ48AJ3CA (-)P16AZ48AJ3CA
(-)A15AZ60AJ3CA (-)A16AZ60AJ3CA (-)P16AZ60AJ3CA
3.2 Electrical and Physical Data
(-
)P16AZ 24A 36A 48A 60A
Height "H" inches [cm]
Length "L' inches [cm]
Width "W" inches [cm]
(-)RA15AZ/(-
Height "H" inches [cm]
Length "L' inches [cm]
Width "W" inches [cm]
)A16AZ 24A 36A 48A 60A
27 [68.6] 35 [88.9] 35 [88.9] 45 [114.3]
29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]
29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]
27 [68.6] 27 [68.6] 31 [78.7] 31 [78.7]
29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]
29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]
ALLOW 60" [152.4 cm] OF CLEARANCE
Unit Specications
SERVICE PANELS/
INLET CONNECTIONS /
HIGH & LOW VOLTAGE
ACCESS ALLOW
24" [61.0 cm] OF
CLEARANCE
AIR INLET LOUVERS ALLOW
6" [15.2 cm] OF CLEARANCE ALL SIDES
12" [30.5 cm] RECOMMENDED
7
4.0 INSTALLATION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4.1 Tools and Refrigerant
4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing
and Servicing R-410A Models
Manifold Sets:
– Up to 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa] High-Side
– Up to 250 PSIG [1,724 kPa] Low-Side
– 550 PSIG [3,792 kPa] Low-Side Retard
Manifold Hoses:
– Service Pressure Rating of 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa]
Recovery Cylinders:
– 400 PSIG [2,758 kPa] Pressure Rating
– Dept. of Transportation 4BA400 or BW400
approximately 60% (1.6 times) greater than
R-22. Recovery and recycle equipment, pumps,
hoses, and the like must have design pressure
ratings appropriate for R-410A. Manifold sets need
to range up to 800 psig [5,516 kPa] high-side and
250 psig [1,724 kPa] low-side with a 550 psig
[3,792 kPa] low-side retard. Hoses need to have
a service pressure rating of 800 psig [5,516 kPa].
Recovery cylinders need to have a 400 psig [2,758
kPa] service pressure rating, DOT 4BA400 or DOT
BW400.
Combustibility: At pressures above 1
atmosphere, a mixture of R-410A and air can
become combustible. R-410A and air should
never be mixed in tanks or supply lines or
be allowed to accumulate in storage tanks.
Leak checking should never be done with a
mixture of R-410A and air. Leak-checking can
be performed safely with nitrogen or a mixture of
R-410A and nitrogen.
4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for
R- 410A
• R-410A refrigerant operates at approximately
60% higher pressure (1.6 times) than R-22.
Ensure that servicing equipment is designed to
operate with R-410A.
• R-410A refrigerant cylinders are light rose in
color.
• R-410A, as with other HFCs, is only compatible
with POE oils.
• Vacuum pumps will not remove moisture from
POE oil used in R-410A systems.
• R-410A systems are to be charged with liquid
CAUTION: R-410A systems operate
at higher pressures than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A
Tools
equipment.
4.1.2 Specications of R-410A
Application: R-410A is not a drop-in
replacement for R-22. Equipment designs must
accommodate its higher pressures. It cannot be
retrofitted into R-22 heat pumps.
Physical Properties: R-410A has an atmospheric
boiling point of -62.9°F [-52.7°C] and its saturation
pressure at 77°F [25°C] is 224.5 psig [1,548 kPa].
Composition: R-410A is a near-azeotropic
mixture of 50% by weight difluoromethane (HFC-
32) and 50% by weight pentafluoroethane (HFC-
125).
Pressure: The pressure of R-410A is
refrigerants. Prior to March 1999, R-410A
refrigerant cylinders had a dip tube. These
cylinders should be kept upright for equipment
charging. Post-March 1999 cylinders do not have
a dip tube and should be inverted to ensure liquid
charging of the equipment.
• Do not install a suction line filter drier in the liquid
line.
• A factory-approved bi-flow liquid line filter drier
is shipped with every unit and must be installed
in the liquid line at the time of installation. Only
manufacturer-approved liquid line filter driers
should be used. Filter driers must have a working
pressure rating of at least 600 psig [4,137 kPa].
The filter drier will only have adequate moistureholding capacity if the system is properly evacuated.
• Desiccant (drying agent) must be compatible for
POE oils and R-410A refrigerant.
8
4.2 Choosing a Location
ST-A1226-04-00
1
2
3
4
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.2.1 Allowable Clearances
12" [30.5 cm] to side intake louvers
24" [61.0 cm] to service access panels
60" [152.4 cm] vertical for fan discharge
If space limitations exist, the following clearances
will have minimal impact to capacity and efficiency
and are permitted:
Single-Unit Applications: Minimum of 6" [15.2
cm] to side intake louvers. DO NOT reduce the 60"
[152.4 cm] for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm]
service clearances.
Multiple-Unit Applications: For units positioned
next to each other, a minimum of 6" [15.2 cm]
clearance between units is recommended for 2 ton
models and 9" [22.9 cm] for 3 ton to 5 ton models.
Do not reduce the 60" [152.4 cm] for fan discharge
or the 24" [61.0 cm] service clearances.
IMPORTANT: Consult local and
national building codes and ordinances for special
installation requirements. Following location
information will provide longer life and simplified
servicing of the outdoor heat pump.
NOTICE: These units must be installed
outdoors. No ductwork can be attached, or other
modifications made, to the discharge grille.
Modifications will affect performance or operation.
4.2.2 Operational Issues
Related to Unit Location
IMPORTANT: Locate the unit in a
manner that will not prevent, impair, or compromise
the performance of other equipment installed
in proximity to the unit. Maintain all required
minimum distances to gas and electric meters,
dryer vents, and exhaust and inlet openings. In
the absence of national codes or manufacturers’
recommendations, local code recommendations
and requirements will take precedence.
• Refrigerant piping and wiring should be properly
sized and kept as short as possible to avoid
capacity losses and increased operating costs.
• Locate the unit where water runoff will not create
a problem with the equipment. Position the unit
away from the drip edge of the roof whenever
possible. Units are weatherized, but can be
affected by the following:
• Water pouring into the unit from the junction
of rooflines, without protective guttering. Large
volumes of water entering the heat pump while
in operation can impact fan blade or motor life,
and coil damage may occur to a heat pump if
moisture cannot drain from the unit under freezing
conditions.
• Freezing moisture or sleeting conditions can
cause the cabinet to ice-over prematurely and
prevent heat pump operation, requiring backup
heat, which generally results in less economical
operation It is highly recommended to switch the
EcoNet™ Control Center or thermostat to the
"Emergency Heat" mode during freezing rain
or sleeting conditions to prevent damage to the
outdoor coil from ice accumulating on the fan
blade.
• Closely follow the clearance recommendations in
section 4.2.1.
• 24" [61.0 cm] to the service panel access.
• 60" [152.4 cm] above the fan discharge (unit
top) to prevent recirculation.
• 6" [15.2 cm] to the coil grille air inlets
with 12" [30.5 cm] minimum recommended.
Location
9
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.)
4.2.3 Corrosive Environment
The metal parts of this unit may be subject to rust or
deterioration if exposed to a corrosive environment.
This oxidation could shorten the equipment’s useful
life.
Corrosive elements include, but are not limited to,
salt spray, fog or mist in seacoast areas, sulphur or
chlorine from lawn watering systems, and various
chemical contaminants from industries such as
paper mills and petroleum refineries.
If the unit is to be installed in an area where
contaminants are likely to be a problem, special
attention should be given to the equipment location
and exposure.
• Avoid having lawn sprinkler heads spray directly on
the unit cabinet.
• In coastal areas, locate the unit on the side of the
building away from the waterfront.
• Shielding provided by a fence or shrubs may give
some protection, but cannot violate minimum
airflow and service access clearances.
WARNING: Disconnect all power
to unit before starting maintenance. Failure to do
so can cause electrical shock resulting in severe
personal injury or death.
Regular maintenance will reduce the buildup of
contaminants and help to protect the unit’s finish.
• Frequent washing of the cabinet, fan blade, and
coil with fresh water will remove most of the salt or
Location
other contaminants that build up on the unit.
• Regular cleaning and waxing of the cabinet
with a good automobile polish will provide some
protection.
• A good liquid cleaner may be used several times
a year to remove matter that will not wash off with
water.
4.3 Unit Mounting
4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods
The outdoor heat pump unit may be mounted in a
number of ways. The most common method is on
the ground mounted on a concrete or pre-fabricated
pad. It can also be mounted on a ground or roof
mounted metal frame, wooden frame, or 4” x 4”
[10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] wooden stringers. It is extremely
important to properly secure the unit to the pad or
frame so it does not shift during high winds, seismic
events, or other outside forces to eliminate the
possibility of a safety hazard or physical damage to
the unit. Local codes in regions subject to frequent
hurricanes and seismic events will dictate specific
mounting requirements and must be followed. It is
also important to elevate the heat pump in areas
that receive a significant amount of snowfall so
accumulated snow does not block the outdoor
coil and interfere with drainage of water during
the defrost cycle. Refer to Section 4.3.4 for typical
ground snow levels for different regions of the USA.
4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic TieDown Methods
The manufacturer-approved/recommended method
is a guide to securing equipment for wind and
seismic loads. Other methods might provide the
same result, but the manufacturer method is the
only one endorsed by the manufacturer for securing
equipment where wind or earthquake damage
can occur. Additional information is available on
the manufacturer's website or from the wholesale
distributor.
4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues
• The heat pump should be located away from the
living, sleeping, and recreational spaces of the
owner and those spaces on adjoining property.
• To prevent noise transmission, the mounting pad
for the outdoor unit should not be connected to
the structure and should be located a sufficient
distance above grade to prevent ground water from
entering the unit.
10
4.0 INSTALLATION
ST-A1226-03-00
1
2
3
4.3.3 Elevating Unit
WARNING: Secure an elevated unit and its elevating stand in order to prevent tipping. Failure to
do so may result in severe personal injury or death.
If elevating the heat pump, either on a flat roof or on a slab, observe the following guidelines.
• If elevating a unit on a flat roof, use 4" x 4"
[10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] or equivalent stringers positioned to distribute unit weight evenly and prevent noise and
vibration.
• Heat pump products will need to be elevated per local climate and code requirements to provide clearance
above the estimated snowfall level to ensure the unit will be protected from damage. Failure to follow these
instructions may result in equipment damage and improper operation.
NOTICE: Do not block drain openings on bottom of unit.
• If unit must be elevated because of anticipated snowfall, secure unit and elevating stand such that unit and/or
stand will not tip over or fall off. Keep in mind that someone may try to climb on unit.
Location
11
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection
4.4.1 Replacing Existing
Systems
To prevent failure of a new unit, the existing line set
must be correctly sized for the new unit and must
be cleaned or replaced. Care must be taken so
the expansion device is not plugged. For new and
replacement units, a liquid line filter drier must be
installed and the line set must be properly sized. Test
the oil for acid. If it tests positive for acid, a suction
line filter drier is mandatory.
IMPORTANT: When replacing an
R-22 unit with an R-410A unit, either replace
the line set or ensure that residual mineral oil is
drained from existing lines including oil trapped in
low spots.
4.4.2 Line Set Application
Considerations
The following are special considerations that need
to be addressed when selecting and installing a line
set.
• Additional refrigerant charge
• Fitting losses and maximum equivalent length
considerations
• Refrigerant migration during the off cycle
• Oil return to the compressor
• Capacity losses
• System oil level adjustment
4.4.2.2 Refrigerant Migration During O
Cycle
Long line set applications can require a considerable amount of additional refrigerant. This additional refrigerant needs to be managed throughout the
entire ambient operating envelope that the system will go through during its life cycle. Off-Cycle
migration is where excess refrigerant condenses
and migrates to the coldest and/or lowest part of
the system. Excessive build-up of refrigerant at the
compressor will result in poor reliability and noisy
operation during startup. Section 4.5.2 demon-
strates the required unit conguration for different
applications.
4.4.2.3 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop
The total liquid line pressure drop must not exceed
50 psig [345 kPa] to assure a solid column of liquid
at the metering device and stable control of superheat. Be sure to account for vertical separation,
elbows, lter driers, solenoid valves, sight glasses,
and check valves when calculating liquid line pressure drop.
4.4.2.4 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing
Excessive pressure drop and heat gain in long liq-
uid lines can result in the refrigerant ashing into a
vapor before it reaches the expansion device which
will dramatically reduce the capacity and efciency
of the system. For this reason, the liquid line must
be sized properly using Table 2 and must be insulated in unconditioned spaces.
Tubing
12
4.4.2.1 Oil Return to Compressor
Small amounts of compressor crankcase oil is
picked up and carried out of the compressor by the
moving refrigerant and is circulated through the
system along with the refrigerant before it returns to
the compressor crankcase. It is critical to the life of
the compressor for the oil to be able to return to the
compressor to maintain an adequate level of oil in
the compressor crankcase. Oversized vapor lines
result in inadequate refrigerant velocities to carry
the oil along with the refrigerant and will cause the
oil to accumulate in the low spots in the vapor line
instead of being returned to the compressor crankcase. This is especially true for long line lengths.
Variable speed systems present an additional challenge due to the fact that the system operates at
a signicantly reduced refrigerant ow rate for a signicant percentage of operating time. Only use the
vapor line sizes listed in Table 2 to assure proper oil
return. DO NOT oversize vapor line!
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.4.2.5 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line
Set Applications
Additional oil may need to be added if refrigerant is
added during installation. If the system contains more
than 20 lbs [9 kg] of refrigerant charge, add 1 uid oz of
POE oil for every 5 lbs [13 ml/kg] of refrigerant charge
over 20 lbs [9 kg].
4.4.3 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses
Refrigerant tubing is measured in terms of actual length
and equivalent length. Actual length is used for refrigerant charge applications. Equivalent length takes into
account pressure losses from tubing length, ttings,
Table 1
Line Size
in [mm]
3/8 [9.53] 1.3 [0.40] 0.8 [0.24] 0.3 [0.09] 6 [1.8 3] 4 [1.22] 0.4 [0.12] 6 [1.83]
1/2 [12 .71] 1.4 [0.43] 0.9 [0.27] 0.4 [0.12] 9 [2.74] 5 [1.52] 0.6 [0.18] 6 [1. 83]
5/8 [15. 88 ] 1.5 [0.46] 1 [0.30] 0.5 [0.15] 12 [3.66] 6 [1.8 3] 0.8 [0.24] 6 [1.8 3]
3/4 [19.05] 1.9 [0.5 8] 1.3 [ 0.4 0] 0.6 [0.18] 14 [4.27] 7 [2.13 ] 0.9 [0.27] 6 [1. 83]
7/8 [22.23] 2.3 [0.70] 1.5 [0.46] 0.7 [0.21] 15 [4.57] 8 [2.44] 1 [0.30] 6 [1. 83]
1-1/8 [2 8. 58 ] 2.7 [0.82] 1.8 [0.5 5] 0.9 [0.27] 22 [ 6.71] 12 [3.66] 1.5 [0.46] 6 [1. 83]
90° Short
Radius
Elbow
90° Long
Radius
Elbow
45°
Elbow
4.4.2.6 Capacity Losses
Long line lengths can result in a reduction in capacity
due to vapor line pressure drop and heat gain or loss.
Refer to Table 2 for capacity loss multipliers for various
vapor line diameters and equipment line lengths. This
table does not account for any capacity loss due to heat
gain or loss from the environment. It is extremely important not to oversize the vapor line to minimize capacity loss at the expense of proper oil return. If the table
shows an “NR” for a particular vapor line diameter and
length, or, if a vapor line diameter is not listed, oil return
will not be adequate.
vertical separation, accessories, and lter driers. The
table below references different commonly used equivalent lengths.
Solenoid
Valve
Check
Valve
Sight
Glass
Filter
Drier
13
Tubing
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.4.4 Liquid Line Selection
The purpose of the liquid line is to transport warm
sub-cooled liquid refrigerant between the outdoor
unit to the indoor unit in the cooling mode. In the
heating mode, the liquid line returns sub-cooled
liquid from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit. It is
important not to allow the refrigerant to ash into
superheated vapor prior to entering the expansion
device of the indoor coil or outdoor unit. Flashing of
refrigerant can occur for the following reasons:
• Low refrigerant charge
• Improperly selected liquid line size
• Absorption of heat prior to expansion device
• Excessive vertical separation between the outdoor
unit and indoor coil
• Restricted liquid linear lter drier
• Kinked liquid line
The total pressure drop allowed for the liquid line is
50 PSI [345 kPa]. The procedure for selecting the
proper liquid line is as follows:
• Measure the total amount of vertical separation
between the outdoor unit and indoor coil.
Example Table (Excerpt from Table 2A)
• Measure the total indoor length of liquid line required.
• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with
any ttings or accessories using Table 1.
• Add the linear length to the total tting equivalent
length. This will equal your total equivalent line
length.
• Reference Table 2 to verify the calculated equivalent length is acceptable with the required vertical
separation and diameter of liquid line.
Example: A 3-ton heat pump unit is installed 25’
below the indoor unit, requires a 75’ of 1/2” diameter
liquid line, 3/4" vapor line, 4 90° LR elbows and a
lter drier.
• Fitting Equivalent Length (ft.) = 4 × .9' + 6' = 9.6’
• Total Equivalent Length (ft.) = 75’ + 9.6' = 84.6’
This application is acceptable because the 25’ vertical rise is less than the maximum rise of 50’ for this
application.
Allowable
Vapour
Line
Size
Unit Size
3 To n
Allowable
Liquid Line
Size
5/16" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 36 / 0.91 NR
3/8" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR
5/16" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 36 / 0.97 20 / 0.96
3/8" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96
1/2" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96
4.4.5 Vapor Line Selection
The purpose of the vapor line is to return superheated vapor to the condensing unit from the indoor coil
in the cooling mode. While in the heating mode, the
vapor line transports discharge vapor to the indoor
coil from the outdoor unit. Proper vapor line sizing
is important because it plays an important role in
Tubing
returning oil to the compressor to prevent potential
damage to the bearings, valves, and scroll sets.
Also, an improperly sized vapor line can dramatically reduce capacity and performance of the system.
The procedure for selecting the proper vapor line is
as follows:
Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit
Equivalent Length (Feet)
< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150
Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier
• Determine the total linear length of vapor line
required.
• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with
any ttings or accessories using Table 1.
• Add the linear length and total tting equivalent
length. This will equal your total equivalent line
length.
• Reference Table 2 to verify that the calculated
equivalent length falls within the compatibility
region of the chart.
• Verify capacity loss is acceptable for the application.
14
4.0 INSTALLATION
Table 2A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units)
15/16 SEER2 Variable Speed Heat Pumps/Air Conditioner
Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit
Equivalent Length (Feet)
Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier
Unit Size
2.0 Ton
*SEE
NOTE 3
3 To n
4 To n
5 To n
**SEE
NOTE 4
Allowable
Liquid Line
Size
1/4" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 6 / 0.97 NR NR
5/16" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95
3/8" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95
1/4" 3/4" * 25 /1.0 0 50 / 1.00 33 / 0.99 6 / 0.99 NR NR
5/16" 3/4" * 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98
3/8" 3/4" * 25 /1.0 0 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98
5/16" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 36 / 0.91 NR
3/8" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR
5/16" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 36 / 0.97 20 / 0.96
3/8" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96
1/2" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96
3/8" 3/4" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.92
1/2" 3/4" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.92
3/8" 7/8" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97
1/2" 7/8" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97
3/8" 3/4" 25 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 46 / 0.91 NR
1/2" 3/4" 25 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR
3/8" 7/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 38 / 0.95
1/2" 7/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95
3/8" 1-1/8 " ** 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 38 / 0.99
1/2" 1-1/8" * * 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99
Allowable
Vapour
Line
Size
< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150
Notes:
1) Do not exceed 150 ft linear line length.
2) Do not exceed 50 ft vertical separation between indoor and outdoor units.
3) * 3/4" vapour line should only be used for 2 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor
unit to assure proper oil return.
4) ** 1-1/8" vapour line should only be used for 5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor
unit to assure proper oil return.
5) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.
6) Applications shaded in light Gray indicate capacity multipliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not
recommended, but are allowed.
7) Applications shaded in dark Gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or suction pressure drop.
Tubing
15
4.0 INSTALLATION
Table 2B: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (Metric Units)
15/16 SEER2 Variable Speed Heat Pumps/Air Conditioner
Allowable
Unit Size
7.0 K W
[2.0 Ton]
*SEE
NOTE 3
10.6 KW
[3 Ton]
14 .1 K W
[4 To n ]
17. 6 KW
[5 Ton]
**SEE
NOTE 4
Notes:
1) Do not exceed 46 meters linear line length.
2) Do not exceed 15 meters vertical separation between indoor and outdoor units.
3)
*19.05mm [3/4 in.] vapour line should only be used for 2 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil
return.
4)
**28.58mm [1-1/8 in.] vapour line should only be used for 5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil
return.
5) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.
6) Applications shaded in light Gray indicate capacity multipliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.
7) Applications shaded in dark Gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or suction pressure drop.
Liquid Line
Size
mm [in.]
6.35 [1/4] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 10 / 0.98 2 / 0.97 NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95
9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95
6.35 [1/4] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 10 / 0.99 2 / 0.99 NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98
7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 11 / 0.91 NR
9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.91 NR
7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 11 / 0.97 6 / 0.96
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96
12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.92
12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.92
9.53 [3/8] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97
12.7 [1/2] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 14 / 0.91 NR
12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.91 NR
9.53 [3/8] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 12 / 0.95
12.7 [1/2] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 /0.96 15 / 0.95
9.53 [3/8] 28.58 [1-1/8] ** 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 12 / 0.99
12.7 [1/2] 28.58 [1-1/8] ** 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99
Allowable
Vapour Line
Size
mm [in.]
< 8 8-15 16-23 24-30 31-38 39-46
Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit
Equivalent Length (Feet)
Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier
Additional Oil, Oz. 16 SEER2 Heat Pump
Lineset
Length, Ft
Tubing
2T N/A 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12 13
3T N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6 7 9
4T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 1
5T 2 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 12 14 15
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
16
4.0 INSTALLATION
1
2
ST-A1226-05-00
Additional Oil, Oz. 15/16 SEER2 Air Conditoner
Lineset
Length, Ft
2T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6 7
3T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6
4T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
5T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4.5 Line Set Installation
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
• If tubing is to be run underground, it must be run in
a sealed watertight chase.
• Use care in routing tubing and do not kink or twist.
Use a good quality tubing bender on the vapor line
to prevent kinking.
• Route the tubing using temporary hangers; then
straighten the tubing and install permanent hangers.
The tubing must be adequately supported.
• Isolate the vapor line from the building structure. If
the vapor line comes in contact with inside walls,
ceiling, or flooring, the vibration of the vapor line
4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices
Observe the following when installing correctly sized
type “L” refrigerant tubing between the outdoor unit and
indoor coil:
• Check Table 2 for the correct vapor line size and
liquid line size.
• If a portion of the liquid line passes through a
very hot area where liquid refrigerant can be
heated to form vapor, insulating the liquid line is
required.
• Use clean, dehydrated, sealed refrigeration-grade
tubing.
• Always keep tubing sealed until tubing is in place and
connections are to be made.
• A high-quality biflow filter drier is included with all
R-410A heat pump units and must be installed in the
liquid line upon unit installation.
• When replacing an R-22 system with an R-410A
system and the line set is not replaced, blow out
the lines with dry nitrogen to remove as much of the
remaining mineral oil as possible. Check for low spots
where oil may be trapped and take measures to drain
the oil from those areas.
in the heating mode will result in noise inside the
structure.
• Blow out the liquid and vapor lines with dry nitrogen
before connecting to the outdoor unit and indoor
coil to remove debris that can plug the expansion
device.
• If tubing has been cut, debur the ends while holding
the tubing in a position to prevent chips from
falling into tubing. Burrs such as those caused by
tubing cutters can affect performance dramatically,
particularly on small diameter liquid lines.
• For best operation, keep tubing run as short as
possible with a minimum number of elbows or bends.
• Locations where the tubing will be exposed to
mechanical damage should be avoided. If it is
necessary to use such locations, the copper tubing
should be protected by a housing to prevent damage.
Tubing
17
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)
4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units
4.5.2.1 Outdoor Unit Level or Near Level to Indoor Coil Line Set
REFERENCE TABLE 2 FOR
MAXIMUM LENGTH LIMITATIONS
IDEALLY, LINE SET SLOPES AWAY
FROM OUTDOOR UNIT. VERIFY
SUB-COOLING PRIOR TO EXPANSION
DEVICE, INSULATED LIQUID LINE IN
UNCONDITIONED SPACE FOR
LONG LINE APPLICATIONS.
Figure 3
For applications with the outdoor unit and indoor
unit on the same level the following is required:
• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.
• Insulated vapor line full length.
• Vapor line should slope toward the indoor unit.
(Reference Figure 3)
Tubing
INSULATED VAPOR LINE FULL LENGTH
ST-A1219-01-01
• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear
and equivalent length, charging requirements,
and oil level adjustments spelled out in this document.
• Verify at least 5°F [2.8°C] sub-cooling at the
indoor unit prior to expansion device.
18
Loading...