Rheem R-410A Installation Manual

WARNING:

Enabled

RECOGNIZE THIS SYMBOL AS AN INDICATION OF IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING

THESE INSTRUCTIONS ARE INTENDED AS AN AID TO QUALIFIED, LICENSED SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR PROPER INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT, AND OPERATION OF THIS UNIT. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS THOROUGHLY BEFORE ATTEMPTING INSTALLATION OR OPERATION. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN IMPROPER INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT, SERVICE, OR MAINTENANCE POSSIBLY RESULTING IN FIRE, ELECTRICAL SHOCK, PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY, OR DEATH.

VARIABLE SPEED R-410A HEAT PUMP/ AIR CONDITIONING

OUTDOOR UNITS

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

(-)A15AZ(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ (15/16 SEER2) EQUIPPED WITH ECONET™ COMMUNICATIONS

Do not destroy this manual. Please read carefully and keep in a safe place for future reference by a serviceman.

[ ] indicates metric conversions.

92-104921-25-04( / )

Printed in the USA

ISO 9001:2015

CONTENTS

1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ............................................................3

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................4

2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................4

2.2 Agency Performance Audit Testing Notice ...................................................4

2.3 Importance of Quality Installation..................................................................4

2.4 System Sizing and Selection ......................................................................... 4

2.5 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups ........................................5

Contents

2.6 Checking Product Received ..........................................................................5

2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice .......................................................................5

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................5

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................6

3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models .................................... 6

3.2 Electrical and Physical Data .......................................................................... 7

4.0 INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................8

4.1 Tools and Refrigerant ..................................................................................... 8

4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing and Servicing R-410A Models .................8

4.1.2 Specications of R-410A .......................................................................8

4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for R-410A ......................................................8

4.2 Choosing a Location ......................................................................................9

4.2.1 Allowable Clearances ............................................................................9

4.2.2 Operational Issues Related to Unit Location ........................................9

4.2.3 Corrosive Environment........................................................................ 10

4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues .............................................................10

4.3 Unit Mounting ............................................................................................... 10

4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods ....................................................................... 10

4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-Down Methods .......................................10

4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.) ......................................................................... 10

4.3.3 Elevating Unit ............................................................................................ 11

4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems ................................................................ 12

4.4.2 Line Set Application Considerations ................................................... 12

4.4.2.1 Oil Return to Compressor ..............................................................12

4.4.2.2 Refrigerant Migration During Off Cycle ........................................ 12

4.4.2.3 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop ................................................... 12

4.4.2.4 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing ................................................... 12

4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection ..................................................................... 12

4.4.2.5 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications ................... 13

4.4.2.6 Capacity Losses............................................................................13

4.4.3 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses.....................................................13

4.4.4 Liquid Line Selection ........................................................................... 14

4.4.5 Vapor Line Selection ........................................................................... 14

4.5 Line Set Installation .....................................................................................17

4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices ............................................... 17

4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units .................................. 18

4.5.2.1 Outdoor Unit Level or Near Level to Indoor Coil Line Set ............18

4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................18

4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Coil (Long Line Set Applications) ..... 19

4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Coil ................................................... 20

4.5.3 Tubing Connections ............................................................................ 21

4.6 Initial Leak Testing ......................................................................................22

4.7 Evacuation ...................................................................................................22

4.8 Final Leak Testing ........................................................................................ 23

4.9 Control Wiring .............................................................................................. 23

4.9.1 EcoNet™ Communications ...................................................................23

4.9.2 EcoNet™ Control Center Installation ...................................................23

4.9.3 EcoNet™ Communication Wiring Connections ...................................23

4.9.4 Conventional 24VAC Thermostat Control Wiring Connections .......... 24

4.9.5 For Installations with Only 2 Thermostat Wires...................................25

4.9 Control Wiring (cont.) ...................................................................................26

4.10 Power Wiring ..............................................................................................27

4.11 Grounding.......................................................................................................27

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING ..............................28

5.1 System Start-Up Over view .......................................................................... 28

5.2 Initial Power-Up............................................................................................28

and EcoNet™ Communication Verification.........................................................28

5.3 EcoNet™ Control Center Set-Up ..................................................................28

5.4 Initial System ................................................................................................27

Start-Up .............................................................................................................. 27

5.5 Entering Charge Mode Using EcoNet™ Control Center Service Menu .......29

5.6 Entering Charge Mode When Using a Universal Outdoor Control ............. 29

5.7 Indoor Air-Flow Verification ........................................................................30

5.8 Refrigerant Charging ...................................................................................30

5.8.1 Measurement Device Set-Up .............................................................. 31

5.8.2 Preliminary Charging by Weight .........................................................31

5.8.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures (Optional) ...................................31

5.8.4 Final Charging by Liquid Subcooling ..................................................30

5.8.5 R- 410A Temperature Pressure Chart ................................................. 30

5.9 Completing Installation ...............................................................................30

6.0 NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION ........................................................33

6.1 Cooling Mode ............................................................................................... 33

6.2 On-Demand Cooling Dehumidification ....................................................... 33

6.3 Low Ambient Cooling Mode .........................................................................33

6.4 Supplemental Electric

6.5 Dual Fuel Applications

6.6 Demand Defrost ...........................................................................................34

6.7 Sequence of Operation for Conventional 2-Stage 24VAC Thermostat Controls .. 35

7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS .......................................................................36

7.1 E coNet™ Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) ..............................................36

7.1.1 Board Features and Connections .......................................................36

7.1.2 Factor y Superheat Setting......................................................................36

7.2 Power Inverter Compressor Control ............................................................37

8.0 ACTIVE SYSTEM PROTECTION FEATURES ...............................................38

8.1 Minimum Run Timer .....................................................................................38

8.2 Oil Return Cycle ...........................................................................................38

8.3 High Discharge Temperature.......................................................................38

8.4 High Discharge Pressure ............................................................................. 38

8.5 Low Suction Pressure

Loss of Charge ...................................................................................................38

8.6 Compressor Shut-Down Sequence for High or Low Refrigerant Pressure Fault .... 39

8.7 Overcurrent and Current Imbalance ............................................................39

8.8 Compressor Operation Outside Envelope .................................................. 39

8.9 Over and Under Voltage .............................................................................. 39

8.10 Inverter Over Temperature .........................................................................39

8.11 Controls and Communication Malfunction .................................................39

8.12 Sensor Failure Default Operation ..............................................................40

8.13 Exiting Active Protection Lock-Out Mode .................................................. 40

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................41

9.1 Checking Transducers & Temperature Sensors ..........................................43

9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide ..................................................................45

9.3 Service Analyzer Char ts ..............................................................................46

9.4 Troubleshooting Tips.......................................................................................51

10.0 OUTDOOR UNIT MAINTENANCE ................................................................ 52

10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning ................................................................................52

10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care .......................................................................52

10.3 Motor Lubrication .......................................................................................52

10.4 Replacement Parts ....................................................................................52

11.0 WIRING DIAGRAM ........................................................................................53

12.0 APPENDIX ......................................................................................................55

12.1 Agency Performance Audit Test Instructions ............................................56

Heat in Heating Mode ................................................. 33

– Heating Mode ..........................................................34

/ ....................................................................................38

1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNINGS:

• These instructions are intended as an aid to qualified, licensed service personnel for proper installation, adjustment, and operation of this unit. Read these instructions thoroughly before attempting installation or operation. Failure to follow these instructions

may result in improper installation, adjustment, service, or maintenance possibly resulting in fire, electrical shock, property damage, personal injury, or death.

• The unit must be permanently grounded. Failure to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal injury or death.

• Turn off electric power at the fuse box or service panel before making any electrical connections.

• Complete the ground connection before making line voltage connections. Failure to do so can result in electrical shock, severe personal injury, or death.

• Disconnect all power to unit before starting maintenance. Failure to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal injury or death.

• Never assume the unit is properly wired and/or grounded. Always test the unit cabinet with a noncontact voltage detector available at most electrical supply houses or home centers before removing access panels or coming into contact with the unit cabinet.

• DO NOT use oxygen to purge lines or pressurize system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in severe personal injury or death.

• The top of the scroll compressor shell is hot. Touching

the compressor top may result in serious personal injury.

• The manufacturer’s warranty does not cover any damage or defect to the unit caused by the attachment or use of any components, accessories, or devices (other than those authorized by the manufacturer) into, onto, or in conjunction with the heat pump. You

should be aware that the use of unauthorized components, accessories, or devices may adversely affect the operation of the heat pump and may also endanger life and property. The

manufacturer disclaims any responsibility for such loss or injury resulting from the use of such unauthorized components, accessories, or devices.

• This product is not approved for installation at 6561 feet [2000 meters] above sea level or higher. Installation at higher altitudes may result in control and unit failures due to electrical arc tracking between electrical components on the invertor drive control board. Possibly resulting in fire, electrical shock, property damage, personal injury, or death.

CAUTIONS:

• R-410A systems operate at approximately 60% higher pressures (1.6 times) than R-22 systems. Do not use R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A equipment. Use appropriate care when using this refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in equipment damage or personal injury.

• Only match this outdoor unit with a matched indoor coil or air handler approved for use with this outdoor unit per the unit manufacturer’s specification sheet. The use of unmatched coils or air handler will likely result in a charge imbalance between the cooling and heating modes which can cause unsatisfactory operation including a high-pressure switch lockout condition.

• Only use indoor coils approved for use on R-410A systems. An R-22 coil will have a TXV or fixed expansion device that is not designed to operate properly in an R-410A system and will result in serious operational issues. The R-22 coil could also contain a significant amount of mineral oil which is incompatible with the POE oil used in R-410A systems and could result in reliability issues with the compressor and expansion devices.

• When the indoor coil or air handler is installed over a finished ceiling and/or living area, it is required that an auxiliary overflow pan be constructed and installed under the entire indoor unit. Failure to do so can result in property damage.

• UNIT MAY START SUDDENLY AND WITHOUT WARNING. The blue cooling status LED shall blink (1 second ON, 1 second OFF) if waiting for the short cycle timer (LOCKTIMR) to expire, otherwise it shall blink the first digit of the capacity percentage requested (for example, blink 7 times for 70% capacity). At 100% capacity the LED shall be solid on. The orange heating status LED shall blink (1 second ON, 1 second OFF) if waiting for the short cycle timer (LOCKTIMR) to expire, otherwise it shall blink the first digit of the capacity percentage requested (for example, blink 7 times for 70% capacity). At 100% capacity the LED shall be solid on.

Safety

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

WARNING:

Improper installation, or installation not made in accordance with these instructions, can result in unsatisfactory operation and/or dangerous conditions and can cause the related warranty not to apply.

2.1 Introduction

The (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ series heat pumps and condensing units are specifically designed to operate with matching communicating EcoNet™ enabled air-handlers, gas furnaces, and Control Center. A conventional 24VAC 2-stage thermostat can be used, but many features and benefits are lost.

This installation instruction manual contains complete instructions for installation and setup using the EcoNet™ or conventional 24VAC 2-stage

General Information

controls. Please refer to the manufacturer's specification sheets for complete performance data, thermostat, and accessory listings.

The information contained in this manual has been prepared to assist in the proper installation, operation, and maintenance of the air conditioning system.

Read this manual and any instructions packaged with separate equipment required to make up the system prior to installation. Homeowner should retain this manual for future reference.

2.2 Agency Performance Audit Testing Notice

For purposes of verifying or testing efficiency ratings, the test procedure in Title 10 APPENDIX M to Subpart B of Part 430 (Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps) and the clarifying provisions provided in the AHRI Operations Manual 210/240 that were applicable at the date of manufacture should be used for test set up and performance.

Should this unit be selected for performance audit testing, follow the instructions included in the Appendix (Section 12.1) of this manual.

2.3 Importance of Quality Installation

A quality installation is critical to assure safety, reliability, comfort, and customer satisfaction. Strict adherence to applicable codes, the information in this installation manual, the outdoor unit installation manual, and the thermostat installation manual are key to a quality installation. Read the entire instruction manuals before starting the installation.

IMPORTANT: This product has been designed and manufactured to meet certified AHRI capacity and efficiency ratings with the appropriate outdoor units. However, proper refrigerant charge, proper airflow, and refrigerant line sizing are critical to achieve optimum capacity and efficiency and to assure reliable operation. Installation of this product should follow the manufacturer’s refrigerant charging and airflow instructions located in this installation manual and the charging chart label affixed to the outdoor unit. Failure to confirm proper charge and airflow may reduce energy efficiency and shorten equipment life.

The equipment has been evaluated in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XX, Part 3280.

Install the unit in accordance with applicable national, state, and local codes. Latest editions are available from: “National Fire Protection Association, Inc., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA

02269.” These publications are:

• ANSI/NFPA No. 70-(Latest Edition) National Electrical Code.

• NFPA90A Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.

• NFPA90B Installation of warm air heating and air conditioning systems.

Install the unit in such a way as to allow necessary access to the coil/filter rack and blower/control

compartment.

2.4 System Sizing and Selection

Before specifying any heat pump equipment, a survey of the structure and heat loss and heat gain calculations must be made. A heat loss calculation involves identifying all surfaces and openings that lose heat to the surrounding air in the heating mode and quantifying that heat loss. A heat gain calculation makes similar measurements and determines the amount of heat required to be removed in the cooling mode. A heat gain calculation also calculates the extra heat load caused by sunlight and by humidity removal. These factors must be considered before selecting a heat

pump system to provide year-round comfort. The Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

Manual J method of load calculation is one recognized procedure for determining the heating and cooling load.

After the proper equipment combination has been selected, satisfying both sensible and latent requirements, the system must be properly installed. Only then can the system provide the comfort it was designed to provide.

There are several factors that installers must consider.

• Outdoor unit location

• Indoor unit blower speed and airflow

• Proper equipment evacuation

• Supply and return air duct design and sizing

• Refrigerant charge

• System air balancing

• Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing

IMPORTANT: Excessive use of

elbows in the refrigerant line set can produce excessive pressure drop. Follow industry best practices for installation. Installation and commissioning of this equipment is to be performed by trained and qualified HVAC professionals. For technical assistance, contact

your Distributor Service Coordinator.

shipping company. Check model number, electrical characteristics, and accessories to determine if they are correct. Check system components (indoor coil, outdoor unit, air handler/furnace, etc.) to make sure they are properly matched.

2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice

Prior to agency testing, system must be operated for 20 hours at 115ºF [46.1ºC] outdoor ambient temperature with 80ºF [26.7ºC] dry bulb 75ºF [23.9ºC] wet bulb indoor ambient temperature to break the compressor in.

General Information

2.5 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups

To assure many years of reliable operation and optimum customer comfort and to assure the outdoor unit warranty remains valid, an airhandler model or indoor coil/furnace combination should be selected that is properly matched to the outdoor unit. This is especially critical for heat pump systems to assure proper refrigerant charge balance between the cooling and heating modes. The recommended approach is to select an airhandler or indoor coil and gas furnace that has an AHRI match with the outdoor unit. Refer to the AHRI directory at www.ahridirectory.org to confirm the air-handler and outdoor unit are a certified

combination in the AHRI Directory.

2.6 Checking Product Received

Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping damage. Claims for damage, either apparent or concealed, should be filed immediately with the

Unit Specications

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

(-) P 16

Z36A

3 C

Minor Series

Controls

C - Communicating N - Non-Communicating

U - Other Communicating

Type

1 - 1 Stage 2 - 2 Stage 3 - 3 Stage V - Fully Variabl

Voltag

J - 1PH 208-230'60

Major Series Capacity

24 = 24000 BTU/HR

36 = 36000 BTU/HR 48 = 48000 BTU/HR 60 - 60000 BTU/HR

Refrigerant

Z- R-410A Y - R-454B W - Future Refrigerant

Region

A - All Regions

SEER

Product Category

P - Heat Pump D - Side Discharge Heat Pump A - Air Conditioner

Brand

R - Rheem / Ruud U - Ruud Ultra

ML - Mainline

S - Sure Comfort / Russel By Rheem

3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models

Unit Specications



',0(16 6,21

“L”

“W”

“H”

ST-A1226-02-00

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Model Number Nomenclature and Available Models (cont.)

AVAILABLE MODELS

(-)A15AZ24AJ3CA (-)A16AZ24AJ3CA (-)P16AZ24AJ3CA (-)A15AZ36AJ3CA (-)A16AZ36AJ3CA (-)P16AZ36AJ3CA (-)A15AZ48AJ3CA (-)A16AZ48AJ3CA (-)P16AZ48AJ3CA (-)A15AZ60AJ3CA (-)A16AZ60AJ3CA (-)P16AZ60AJ3CA

3.2 Electrical and Physical Data

)P16AZ 24A 36A 48A 60A

Height "H" inches [cm] Length "L' inches [cm] Width "W" inches [cm]

(-)RA15AZ/(-

Height "H" inches [cm] Length "L' inches [cm] Width "W" inches [cm]

)A16AZ 24A 36A 48A 60A

27 [68.6] 35 [88.9] 35 [88.9] 45 [114.3]

29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]

27 [68.6] 27 [68.6] 31 [78.7] 31 [78.7]

29.75 [75.6] 33.75 [85.7] 33.75 [85.7] 35.75 [90.8]

ALLOW 60" [152.4 cm] OF CLEARANCE

Unit Specications

SERVICE PANELS/ INLET CONNECTIONS / HIGH & LOW VOLTAGE ACCESS ALLOW 24" [61.0 cm] OF CLEARANCE

AIR INLET LOUVERS ALLOW 6" [15.2 cm] OF CLEARANCE ALL SIDES 12" [30.5 cm] RECOMMENDED

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.1 Tools and Refrigerant

4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing and Servicing R-410A Models

Manifold Sets: – Up to 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa] High-Side

– Up to 250 PSIG [1,724 kPa] Low-Side – 550 PSIG [3,792 kPa] Low-Side Retard Manifold Hoses:

– Service Pressure Rating of 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa] Recovery Cylinders: – 400 PSIG [2,758 kPa] Pressure Rating

– Dept. of Transportation 4BA400 or BW400

approximately 60% (1.6 times) greater than R-22. Recovery and recycle equipment, pumps,

hoses, and the like must have design pressure ratings appropriate for R-410A. Manifold sets need

to range up to 800 psig [5,516 kPa] high-side and 250 psig [1,724 kPa] low-side with a 550 psig [3,792 kPa] low-side retard. Hoses need to have a service pressure rating of 800 psig [5,516 kPa]. Recovery cylinders need to have a 400 psig [2,758 kPa] service pressure rating, DOT 4BA400 or DOT BW400.

Combustibility: At pressures above 1 atmosphere, a mixture of R-410A and air can become combustible. R-410A and air should

never be mixed in tanks or supply lines or be allowed to accumulate in storage tanks. Leak checking should never be done with a mixture of R-410A and air. Leak-checking can

be performed safely with nitrogen or a mixture of R-410A and nitrogen.

4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for R- 410A

• R-410A refrigerant operates at approximately 60% higher pressure (1.6 times) than R-22. Ensure that servicing equipment is designed to operate with R-410A.

• R-410A refrigerant cylinders are light rose in color.

• R-410A, as with other HFCs, is only compatible with POE oils.

• Vacuum pumps will not remove moisture from POE oil used in R-410A systems.

• R-410A systems are to be charged with liquid

CAUTION: R-410A systems operate

at higher pressures than R-22 systems. Do not use R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A

Tools

equipment.

4.1.2 Specications of R-410A

Application: R-410A is not a drop-in replacement for R-22. Equipment designs must

accommodate its higher pressures. It cannot be retrofitted into R-22 heat pumps.

Physical Properties: R-410A has an atmospheric boiling point of -62.9°F [-52.7°C] and its saturation pressure at 77°F [25°C] is 224.5 psig [1,548 kPa].

Composition: R-410A is a near-azeotropic mixture of 50% by weight difluoromethane (HFC-

32) and 50% by weight pentafluoroethane (HFC-

125).

Pressure: The pressure of R-410A is

refrigerants. Prior to March 1999, R-410A refrigerant cylinders had a dip tube. These cylinders should be kept upright for equipment charging. Post-March 1999 cylinders do not have a dip tube and should be inverted to ensure liquid charging of the equipment.

• Do not install a suction line filter drier in the liquid line.

• A factory-approved bi-flow liquid line filter drier is shipped with every unit and must be installed in the liquid line at the time of installation. Only manufacturer-approved liquid line filter driers should be used. Filter driers must have a working pressure rating of at least 600 psig [4,137 kPa]. The filter drier will only have adequate moistureholding capacity if the system is properly evacuated.

• Desiccant (drying agent) must be compatible for POE oils and R-410A refrigerant.

4.2 Choosing a Location

ST-A1226-04-00

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.2.1 Allowable Clearances

12" [30.5 cm] to side intake louvers 24" [61.0 cm] to service access panels 60" [152.4 cm] vertical for fan discharge

If space limitations exist, the following clearances will have minimal impact to capacity and efficiency and are permitted:

Single-Unit Applications: Minimum of 6" [15.2 cm] to side intake louvers. DO NOT reduce the 60" [152.4 cm] for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm] service clearances.

Multiple-Unit Applications: For units positioned next to each other, a minimum of 6" [15.2 cm] clearance between units is recommended for 2 ton models and 9" [22.9 cm] for 3 ton to 5 ton models. Do not reduce the 60" [152.4 cm] for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm] service clearances.

IMPORTANT: Consult local and

national building codes and ordinances for special installation requirements. Following location information will provide longer life and simplified servicing of the outdoor heat pump.

NOTICE: These units must be installed

outdoors. No ductwork can be attached, or other modifications made, to the discharge grille. Modifications will affect performance or operation.

4.2.2 Operational Issues Related to Unit Location

IMPORTANT: Locate the unit in a

manner that will not prevent, impair, or compromise the performance of other equipment installed in proximity to the unit. Maintain all required minimum distances to gas and electric meters, dryer vents, and exhaust and inlet openings. In the absence of national codes or manufacturers’ recommendations, local code recommendations and requirements will take precedence.

• Refrigerant piping and wiring should be properly sized and kept as short as possible to avoid capacity losses and increased operating costs.

• Locate the unit where water runoff will not create a problem with the equipment. Position the unit away from the drip edge of the roof whenever possible. Units are weatherized, but can be affected by the following:

• Water pouring into the unit from the junction of rooflines, without protective guttering. Large volumes of water entering the heat pump while in operation can impact fan blade or motor life, and coil damage may occur to a heat pump if moisture cannot drain from the unit under freezing conditions.

• Freezing moisture or sleeting conditions can cause the cabinet to ice-over prematurely and prevent heat pump operation, requiring backup heat, which generally results in less economical operation It is highly recommended to switch the EcoNet™ Control Center or thermostat to the "Emergency Heat" mode during freezing rain or sleeting conditions to prevent damage to the outdoor coil from ice accumulating on the fan blade.

• Closely follow the clearance recommendations in section 4.2.1.

• 24" [61.0 cm] to the service panel access.

• 60" [152.4 cm] above the fan discharge (unit top) to prevent recirculation.

• 6" [15.2 cm] to the coil grille air inlets with 12" [30.5 cm] minimum recommended.

Location

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.)

4.2.3 Corrosive Environment

The metal parts of this unit may be subject to rust or deterioration if exposed to a corrosive environment. This oxidation could shorten the equipment’s useful life.

Corrosive elements include, but are not limited to, salt spray, fog or mist in seacoast areas, sulphur or chlorine from lawn watering systems, and various chemical contaminants from industries such as paper mills and petroleum refineries.

If the unit is to be installed in an area where contaminants are likely to be a problem, special attention should be given to the equipment location and exposure.

• Avoid having lawn sprinkler heads spray directly on the unit cabinet.

• In coastal areas, locate the unit on the side of the building away from the waterfront.

• Shielding provided by a fence or shrubs may give some protection, but cannot violate minimum airflow and service access clearances.

WARNING: Disconnect all power

to unit before starting maintenance. Failure to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal injury or death.

Regular maintenance will reduce the buildup of contaminants and help to protect the unit’s finish.

• Frequent washing of the cabinet, fan blade, and coil with fresh water will remove most of the salt or

Location

other contaminants that build up on the unit.

• Regular cleaning and waxing of the cabinet with a good automobile polish will provide some protection.

• A good liquid cleaner may be used several times a year to remove matter that will not wash off with water.

4.3 Unit Mounting

4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods

The outdoor heat pump unit may be mounted in a number of ways. The most common method is on the ground mounted on a concrete or pre-fabricated pad. It can also be mounted on a ground or roof mounted metal frame, wooden frame, or 4” x 4” [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] wooden stringers. It is extremely important to properly secure the unit to the pad or frame so it does not shift during high winds, seismic events, or other outside forces to eliminate the possibility of a safety hazard or physical damage to the unit. Local codes in regions subject to frequent hurricanes and seismic events will dictate specific mounting requirements and must be followed. It is also important to elevate the heat pump in areas that receive a significant amount of snowfall so accumulated snow does not block the outdoor coil and interfere with drainage of water during the defrost cycle. Refer to Section 4.3.4 for typical ground snow levels for different regions of the USA.

4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic TieDown Methods

The manufacturer-approved/recommended method is a guide to securing equipment for wind and seismic loads. Other methods might provide the same result, but the manufacturer method is the only one endorsed by the manufacturer for securing equipment where wind or earthquake damage can occur. Additional information is available on the manufacturer's website or from the wholesale distributor.

4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues

• The heat pump should be located away from the living, sleeping, and recreational spaces of the owner and those spaces on adjoining property.

• To prevent noise transmission, the mounting pad for the outdoor unit should not be connected to the structure and should be located a sufficient distance above grade to prevent ground water from entering the unit.

4.0 INSTALLATION

ST-A1226-03-00

4.3.3 Elevating Unit

WARNING: Secure an elevated unit and its elevating stand in order to prevent tipping. Failure to

do so may result in severe personal injury or death.

If elevating the heat pump, either on a flat roof or on a slab, observe the following guidelines.

• If elevating a unit on a flat roof, use 4" x 4" [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] or equivalent stringers positioned to distribute unit weight evenly and prevent noise and vibration.

• Heat pump products will need to be elevated per local climate and code requirements to provide clearance above the estimated snowfall level to ensure the unit will be protected from damage. Failure to follow these instructions may result in equipment damage and improper operation.

NOTICE: Do not block drain openings on bottom of unit.

• If unit must be elevated because of anticipated snowfall, secure unit and elevating stand such that unit and/or stand will not tip over or fall off. Keep in mind that someone may try to climb on unit.

Location

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection

4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems

To prevent failure of a new unit, the existing line set must be correctly sized for the new unit and must be cleaned or replaced. Care must be taken so the expansion device is not plugged. For new and replacement units, a liquid line filter drier must be installed and the line set must be properly sized. Test the oil for acid. If it tests positive for acid, a suction line filter drier is mandatory.

IMPORTANT: When replacing an

R-22 unit with an R-410A unit, either replace the line set or ensure that residual mineral oil is drained from existing lines including oil trapped in low spots.

4.4.2 Line Set Application Considerations

The following are special considerations that need to be addressed when selecting and installing a line set.

• Additional refrigerant charge

• Fitting losses and maximum equivalent length

considerations

• Refrigerant migration during the off cycle

• Oil return to the compressor

• Capacity losses

• System oil level adjustment

4.4.2.2 Refrigerant Migration During O󰀨

Cycle

Long line set applications can require a considerable amount of additional refrigerant. This additional refrigerant needs to be managed throughout the entire ambient operating envelope that the system will go through during its life cycle. Off-Cycle migration is where excess refrigerant condenses and migrates to the coldest and/or lowest part of the system. Excessive build-up of refrigerant at the compressor will result in poor reliability and noisy operation during startup. Section 4.5.2 demon-

strates the required unit conguration for different

applications.

4.4.2.3 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop

The total liquid line pressure drop must not exceed 50 psig [345 kPa] to assure a solid column of liquid at the metering device and stable control of superheat. Be sure to account for vertical separation,

elbows, lter driers, solenoid valves, sight glasses,

and check valves when calculating liquid line pressure drop.

4.4.2.4 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing

Excessive pressure drop and heat gain in long liq-

uid lines can result in the refrigerant ashing into a

vapor before it reaches the expansion device which

will dramatically reduce the capacity and efciency

of the system. For this reason, the liquid line must be sized properly using Table 2 and must be insulated in unconditioned spaces.

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4.4.2.1 Oil Return to Compressor

Small amounts of compressor crankcase oil is picked up and carried out of the compressor by the moving refrigerant and is circulated through the system along with the refrigerant before it returns to the compressor crankcase. It is critical to the life of the compressor for the oil to be able to return to the compressor to maintain an adequate level of oil in the compressor crankcase. Oversized vapor lines result in inadequate refrigerant velocities to carry the oil along with the refrigerant and will cause the oil to accumulate in the low spots in the vapor line instead of being returned to the compressor crankcase. This is especially true for long line lengths. Variable speed systems present an additional challenge due to the fact that the system operates at

a signicantly reduced refrigerant ow rate for a signicant percentage of operating time. Only use the

vapor line sizes listed in Table 2 to assure proper oil return. DO NOT oversize vapor line!

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.4.2.5 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications

Additional oil may need to be added if refrigerant is added during installation. If the system contains more

than 20 lbs [9 kg] of refrigerant charge, add 1 uid oz of

POE oil for every 5 lbs [13 ml/kg] of refrigerant charge over 20 lbs [9 kg].

4.4.3 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses

Refrigerant tubing is measured in terms of actual length and equivalent length. Actual length is used for refrigerant charge applications. Equivalent length takes into

account pressure losses from tubing length, ttings,

Table 1

Line Size

in [mm]

3/8 [9.53] 1.3 [0.40] 0.8 [0.24] 0.3 [0.09] 6 [1.8 3] 4 [1.22] 0.4 [0.12] 6 [1.83]

1/2 [12 .71] 1.4 [0.43] 0.9 [0.27] 0.4 [0.12] 9 [2.74] 5 [1.52] 0.6 [0.18] 6 [1. 83]

5/8 [15. 88 ] 1.5 [0.46] 1 [0.30] 0.5 [0.15] 12 [3.66] 6 [1.8 3] 0.8 [0.24] 6 [1.8 3]

3/4 [19.05] 1.9 [0.5 8] 1.3 [ 0.4 0] 0.6 [0.18] 14 [4.27] 7 [2.13 ] 0.9 [0.27] 6 [1. 83]

7/8 [22.23] 2.3 [0.70] 1.5 [0.46] 0.7 [0.21] 15 [4.57] 8 [2.44] 1 [0.30] 6 [1. 83]

1-1/8 [2 8. 58 ] 2.7 [0.82] 1.8 [0.5 5] 0.9 [0.27] 22 [ 6.71] 12 [3.66] 1.5 [0.46] 6 [1. 83]

90° Short

Radius

Elbow

90° Long

Radius

Elbow

45°

Elbow

4.4.2.6 Capacity Losses

Long line lengths can result in a reduction in capacity due to vapor line pressure drop and heat gain or loss. Refer to Table 2 for capacity loss multipliers for various vapor line diameters and equipment line lengths. This table does not account for any capacity loss due to heat gain or loss from the environment. It is extremely important not to oversize the vapor line to minimize capacity loss at the expense of proper oil return. If the table shows an “NR” for a particular vapor line diameter and length, or, if a vapor line diameter is not listed, oil return will not be adequate.

vertical separation, accessories, and lter driers. The

table below references different commonly used equivalent lengths.

Solenoid

Valve

Check

Valve

Sight

Glass

Filter Drier

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4.0 INSTALLATION

4.4.4 Liquid Line Selection

The purpose of the liquid line is to transport warm sub-cooled liquid refrigerant between the outdoor unit to the indoor unit in the cooling mode. In the heating mode, the liquid line returns sub-cooled liquid from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit. It is

important not to allow the refrigerant to ash into

superheated vapor prior to entering the expansion device of the indoor coil or outdoor unit. Flashing of refrigerant can occur for the following reasons:

• Low refrigerant charge

• Improperly selected liquid line size

• Absorption of heat prior to expansion device

• Excessive vertical separation between the outdoor

unit and indoor coil

• Restricted liquid linear lter drier

• Kinked liquid line

The total pressure drop allowed for the liquid line is 50 PSI [345 kPa]. The procedure for selecting the proper liquid line is as follows:

• Measure the total amount of vertical separation

between the outdoor unit and indoor coil.

Example Table (Excerpt from Table 2A)

• Measure the total indoor length of liquid line required.

• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with

any ttings or accessories using Table 1.

• Add the linear length to the total tting equivalent

length. This will equal your total equivalent line length.

• Reference Table 2 to verify the calculated equivalent length is acceptable with the required vertical separation and diameter of liquid line.

Example: A 3-ton heat pump unit is installed 25’ below the indoor unit, requires a 75’ of 1/2” diameter liquid line, 3/4" vapor line, 4 90° LR elbows and a

lter drier.

• Fitting Equivalent Length (ft.) = 4 × .9' + 6' = 9.6’

• Total Equivalent Length (ft.) = 75’ + 9.6' = 84.6’

This application is acceptable because the 25’ vertical rise is less than the maximum rise of 50’ for this application.

Allowable

Vapour

Line

Size

Unit Size

3 To n

Allowable

Liquid Line

Size

5/16" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 36 / 0.91 NR

3/8" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR

5/16" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 36 / 0.97 20 / 0.96

3/8" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96

1/2" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96

4.4.5 Vapor Line Selection

The purpose of the vapor line is to return superheated vapor to the condensing unit from the indoor coil in the cooling mode. While in the heating mode, the vapor line transports discharge vapor to the indoor coil from the outdoor unit. Proper vapor line sizing is important because it plays an important role in

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returning oil to the compressor to prevent potential damage to the bearings, valves, and scroll sets. Also, an improperly sized vapor line can dramatically reduce capacity and performance of the system. The procedure for selecting the proper vapor line is as follows:

Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit

Equivalent Length (Feet)

< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150

Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier

• Determine the total linear length of vapor line required.

• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with

any ttings or accessories using Table 1.

• Add the linear length and total tting equivalent

length. This will equal your total equivalent line length.

• Reference Table 2 to verify that the calculated equivalent length falls within the compatibility region of the chart.

• Verify capacity loss is acceptable for the application.

4.0 INSTALLATION

Table 2A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units)

15/16 SEER2 Variable Speed Heat Pumps/Air Conditioner

Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit

Equivalent Length (Feet)

Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier

Unit Size

2.0 Ton

*SEE

NOTE 3

3 To n

4 To n

5 To n

**SEE

NOTE 4

Allowable

Liquid Line

Size

1/4" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 6 / 0.97 NR NR

5/16" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95

3/8" 5/8" 25 /1.00 50 / 0.99 33 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95

1/4" 3/4" * 25 /1.0 0 50 / 1.00 33 / 0.99 6 / 0.99 NR NR

5/16" 3/4" * 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98

3/8" 3/4" * 25 /1.0 0 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98

5/16" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 36 / 0.91 NR

3/8" 5/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR

5/16" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 36 / 0.97 20 / 0.96

3/8" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96

1/2" 3/4" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96

3/8" 3/4" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.92

1/2" 3/4" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.92

3/8" 7/8" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97

1/2" 7/8" 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97

3/8" 3/4" 25 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 46 / 0.91 NR

1/2" 3/4" 25 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.95 50 / 0.93 50 / 0.91 NR

3/8" 7/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 38 / 0.95

1/2" 7/8" 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 50 / 0.97 50 / 0.96 50 / 0.95

3/8" 1-1/8 " ** 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 38 / 0.99

1/2" 1-1/8" * * 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99 50 / 0.99

Allowable

Vapour

Line

Size

< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150

Notes:

1) Do not exceed 150 ft linear line length.

2) Do not exceed 50 ft vertical separation between indoor and outdoor units.

3) * 3/4" vapour line should only be used for 2 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil return.

4) ** 1-1/8" vapour line should only be used for 5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil return.

5) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.

6) Applications shaded in light Gray indicate capacity multipliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.

7) Applications shaded in dark Gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or suction pressure drop.

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4.0 INSTALLATION

Table 2B: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (Metric Units)

15/16 SEER2 Variable Speed Heat Pumps/Air Conditioner

Allowable

Unit Size

7.0 K W

[2.0 Ton]

*SEE

NOTE 3

10.6 KW [3 Ton]

14 .1 K W

[4 To n ]

17. 6 KW [5 Ton]

**SEE

NOTE 4

Notes:

1) Do not exceed 46 meters linear line length.

2) Do not exceed 15 meters vertical separation between indoor and outdoor units.

*19.05mm [3/4 in.] vapour line should only be used for 2 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil

return.

**28.58mm [1-1/8 in.] vapour line should only be used for 5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor unit to assure proper oil

return.

5) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.

6) Applications shaded in light Gray indicate capacity multipliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.

7) Applications shaded in dark Gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or suction pressure drop.

Liquid Line

Size

mm [in.]

6.35 [1/4] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 10 / 0.98 2 / 0.97 NR NR

7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95

9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95

6.35 [1/4] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 10 / 0.99 2 / 0.99 NR NR

7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98

9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] * 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98

7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 11 / 0.91 NR

9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.91 NR

7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 11 / 0.97 6 / 0.96

9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96

12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96

9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.92

12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.96 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.92

9.53 [3/8] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97

12.7 [1/2] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97

9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 14 / 0.91 NR

12.7 [1/2] 19.05 [3/4] 8 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.95 15 / 0.93 15 / 0.91 NR

9.53 [3/8] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 12 / 0.95

12.7 [1/2] 22.23 [7/8] 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 15 /0.96 15 / 0.95

9.53 [3/8] 28.58 [1-1/8] ** 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 12 / 0.99

12.7 [1/2] 28.58 [1-1/8] ** 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 15 / 0.99

Allowable

Vapour Line

Size

mm [in.]

< 8 8-15 16-23 24-30 31-38 39-46

Outdoor Unit ABOVE or BELOW Indoor Unit

Equivalent Length (Feet)

Maximum Vertical Separation / Capacity Multiplier

Additional Oil, Oz. 16 SEER2 Heat Pump

Lineset

Length, Ft

Tubing

2T N/A 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12 13

3T N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6 7 9

4T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 1

5T 2 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 12 14 15

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

4.0 INSTALLATION

ST-A1226-05-00

Additional Oil, Oz. 15/16 SEER2 Air Conditoner

Lineset

Length, Ft

2T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6 7

3T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 5 6

4T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5T N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

4.5 Line Set Installation

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

• If tubing is to be run underground, it must be run in a sealed watertight chase.

• Use care in routing tubing and do not kink or twist. Use a good quality tubing bender on the vapor line to prevent kinking.

• Route the tubing using temporary hangers; then straighten the tubing and install permanent hangers. The tubing must be adequately supported.

• Isolate the vapor line from the building structure. If the vapor line comes in contact with inside walls, ceiling, or flooring, the vibration of the vapor line

4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices

Observe the following when installing correctly sized type “L” refrigerant tubing between the outdoor unit and indoor coil:

• Check Table 2 for the correct vapor line size and liquid line size.

• If a portion of the liquid line passes through a

very hot area where liquid refrigerant can be heated to form vapor, insulating the liquid line is required.

• Use clean, dehydrated, sealed refrigeration-grade tubing.

• Always keep tubing sealed until tubing is in place and connections are to be made.

• A high-quality biflow filter drier is included with all R-410A heat pump units and must be installed in the liquid line upon unit installation.

• When replacing an R-22 system with an R-410A system and the line set is not replaced, blow out the lines with dry nitrogen to remove as much of the remaining mineral oil as possible. Check for low spots where oil may be trapped and take measures to drain the oil from those areas.

in the heating mode will result in noise inside the structure.

• Blow out the liquid and vapor lines with dry nitrogen before connecting to the outdoor unit and indoor coil to remove debris that can plug the expansion device.

• If tubing has been cut, debur the ends while holding the tubing in a position to prevent chips from falling into tubing. Burrs such as those caused by tubing cutters can affect performance dramatically, particularly on small diameter liquid lines.

• For best operation, keep tubing run as short as possible with a minimum number of elbows or bends.

• Locations where the tubing will be exposed to mechanical damage should be avoided. If it is necessary to use such locations, the copper tubing should be protected by a housing to prevent damage.

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4.0 INSTALLATION

4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)

4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units

4.5.2.1 Outdoor Unit Level or Near Level to Indoor Coil Line Set

REFERENCE TABLE 2 FOR

MAXIMUM LENGTH LIMITATIONS

IDEALLY, LINE SET SLOPES AWAY

FROM OUTDOOR UNIT. VERIFY

SUB-COOLING PRIOR TO EXPANSION

DEVICE, INSULATED LIQUID LINE IN

UNCONDITIONED SPACE FOR

LONG LINE APPLICATIONS.

Figure 3

For applications with the outdoor unit and indoor unit on the same level the following is required:

• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.

• Insulated vapor line full length.

• Vapor line should slope toward the indoor unit. (Reference Figure 3)

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INSULATED VAPOR LINE FULL LENGTH

ST-A1219-01-01

• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear and equivalent length, charging requirements, and oil level adjustments spelled out in this document.

• Verify at least 5°F [2.8°C] sub-cooling at the indoor unit prior to expansion device.

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Coil (Long Line Set Applications)

INSULATED VAPOR LINE FULL LENGTH

Figure 4

INSULATE LIQUID LINE

IN UNCONDITIONED

SPACE FOR LONG

LINE APPLICATIONS

INVERTED TRAP

EVEN WITH TOP

OF THE COIL

VERIFY LIQUID SUBCOOLING

PRIOR TO EXPANSION DEVICE

IN THE COOLING MODE.

REFERENCE TABLE 2 FOR MAXIMUM LENGTH AND

VERTICAL SEPARATION LIMITATIONS

ST-A1219-02-01

For applications with the outdoor unit below the indoor coil, the following is required:

• Inverted vapor-line trap (Reference Figure 4)

• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.

• Insulated vapor line full length.

• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear and equivalent length, maximum vertical separation, charging requirements, and oil level adjustments spelled out in this document.

• Measure pressure at the liquid line service valve and prior to expansion device. Verify that the pressure drop is not greater than 50 PSI [345 kPa].

• For elevations greater that 25’ [8 m] a lower subcooling can be expected.

• Verify there is at least 5ºF [2.8ºC] of liquid subcooling at the indoor coil prior to the expansion device.

Tubing

4.0 INSTALLATION

/ŶƐƵůĂƚĞĚǀĂƉŽƌůŝŶĞĨƵůůůĞŶŐƚŚ

4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Coil

sĞƌŝĨǇůŝƋƵŝĚƐƵďͲĐŽŽůŝŶŐ ĂƚŽƵƚĚŽŽƌƵŶŝƚƉƌŝŽƌ ƚŽĞǆƉĂŶƐŝŽŶĚĞǀŝĐĞ

Figure 5

/ŶƐƵůĂƚĞĚůŝƋƵŝĚůŝŶĞ ŝŶƵŶĐŽŶĚŝƚŝŽŶĞĚƐƉĂĐĞ ĨŽƌůŽŶŐůŝŶĞ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ

ZĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞdĂďůĞϮĨŽƌ ŵĂǆŝŵƵŵůĞŶŐƚŚĂŶĚ

ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂůƐĞƉĂƌĂƚŝŽŶ

ůŝŵŝƚĂƚŝŽŶƐ

For applications with the outdoor unit above the indoor coil the following is required:

• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.

• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear and equivalent length, maximum vertical separation, charging requirements, and oil level adjustments spelled out in this document.

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• Insulated vapor line full length.

• Verify at least 5°F [2.8ºC] of liquid subcooling at the outdoor unit prior to expansion device in the heating mode.

4.5.3 Tubing Connections

Indoor coils have only a holding charge of dry nitrogen. Keep all tube ends sealed until connections are to be made.

• Use type “L” copper refrigeration tubing. Braze the connections with the following alloys:

– Copper to copper, 5% silver minimum – Copper to steel or brass, 15% silver minimum

• Be certain both refrigerant shutoff valves at the outdoor unit are closed.

4.0 INSTALLATION

•

Wrap valves with a wet rag or thermal barrier compound before applying heat.

•

Braze the tubing between the outdoor unit and indoor coil. Flow dry nitrogen into a pressure port and through the tubing while brazing, but do not allow pressure inside tubing which can result in leaks. Once the system is full of nitrogen, the nitrogen regulator should be turned off to avoid pressuring the system.

•

Remove the caps and Schrader cores from the pressure ports to protect seals from heat damage. Both the Schrader valves and the service valves have seals that may be damaged by excessive heat.

•

Clean the inside of the fittings and outside of the tubing with a clean, dry cloth before soldering. Clean out debris, chips, dirt, etc., that enters tubing or service valve connections.

• A

fter brazing, use an appropriate heatsink material to

cool the joint.

• Reinstall the Schrader cores into both pressure ports.

• Do not allow the bare vapor line and liquid line to be in contact with each other. This causes an undesirable heat transfer resulting in capacity loss and increased power consumption.

Tubing

4.0 INSTALLATION

ST-A1226-07-00

4.6 Initial Leak Testing

Indoor coils have only a holding charge of dry nitrogen. Keep all tube ends sealed until connections are to be made.

WARNING: Do not use oxygen

to purge lines or pressurize system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in severe personal injury or death.

•

Pressurize line set and coil through service fittings with dry nitrogen to 150 PSIG [1,034 kPa] (maximum). Close nitrogen tank valve, let system sit for at least 15 minutes, and check to see if the pressure has dropped. If the pressure has dropped, check for leaks at the line set braze joints with soap bubbles and repair leak as necessary. Repeat pressure test. If line set and coil hold pressure, proceed with line set and coil evacuation (see Sections 4.7 and 4.8 for evacuation and final leak testing).

temperatures that occur there.

4.7 Evacuation

Evacuation is one of the most important parts of the entire installation and service procedure. The life and efficiency of the equipment is dependent upon the thoroughness exercised by the serviceman when evacuating air and moisture from the system.

Air or nitrogen in the system increases condensing temperature and pressure, resulting in increased power consumption, erratic operation, and reduced capacity.

Moisture chemically reacts with the refrigerant and oil to form corrosive acid which attacks the compressor motor windings and internal parts and which can result in compressor failure.

• After the system has been leak-checked and proven sealed, connect the vacuum pump and evacuate system to 500 microns and hold 500 microns or less for at least 15 minutes. The vacuum pump must be connected to both the high and low sides of the system by connecting to the two pressure ports. Use the largest size connections available since restrictive service connections may lead to false readings because of pressure drop through the fittings.

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• The vapor line must be insulated for its entire length to prevent dripping (sweating) and prevent performance losses. Closed-cell foam insulation such as Armaflex and Rubatex® are satisfactory insulations for this purpose. Use 1/2" [12.7 mm] minimum insulation thickness. Additional insulation may be required for long runs. The liquid line must be insulated in any unconditioned space when long line sets are used and anytime the liquid line is run through an attic due to hot

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.9.1 EcoNet™ Communications

The EcoNet Series heat pumps and air conditioners are specifically designed to be matched with and EcoNetTM enabled air-handler or gas furnace and the EcoNetTM Control Center. While they are also designed to be controlled by a conventional 24VAC 2-stage thermostat, many features and benefits are lost.

enabled (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ

• After adequate evacuation, open both service valves by removing both brass service valve caps with an adjustable wrench. Insert a 3/16" [5 mm] or 5/16" [8 mm] hex wrench into the stem and turn counterclockwise until the wrench stops.

• If not already connected from evacuation process, gauges must be connected at this point to check and adjust charge.

IMPORTANT: Compressors should

never be used to evacuate the air conditioning system because internal electrical arcing in near vacuum conditions may result in a damaged or failed compressor. Never run a scroll compressor while the system is in a vacuum or compressor failure will occur.

4.8 Final Leak Testing

After the unit has been properly evacuated and service valves opened, a halogen leak detector should be used to detect leaks in the system. All joints and piping within the outdoor unit, indoor coil, and interconnecting tubing should be checked for leaks. If a leak is detected, the refrigerant should be recovered before repairing the leak. The Clean Air Act prohibits releasing refrigerant into the atmosphere.

4.9 Control Wiring

WARNING: Turn off electric power

at the fuse box or service panel before making any electrical connections. Also, the ground connection must be completed before making line voltage connections. Failure to do so can result in electrical shock, severe personal injury, or death.

4.9.2 EcoNet™ Control Center Installation

The EcoNet to 5 feet [1.2 to 1.5 m] above the floor on an inside wall of the living room or a hallway that has good air circulation from the other rooms being controlled by the Control Center. It is essential that there be free air circulation at the location of the same average temperature as other rooms being controlled. Movement of air should not be obstructed by furniture, doors, draperies, etc. The Control Center should not be mounted where it will be affected by drafts, hot or cold water pipes or air ducts in walls, radiant heat from fireplace, lamps, the sun, T.V. or an outside wall. See instructions packaged with Control Center for detailed mounting and installation instructions.

Control Center should be mounted 4

4.9.3 EcoNet™ Communication Wiring Connections

The four 18 AWG low-voltage control wires must be installed from the EcoNet™ Control Center to the indoor unit and from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit. The wire length between the Control Center and indoor unit should not be greater than 100 feet [30.5 m].

The wire length between the indoor unit and outdoor unit should not be greater than 125 feet [38.1 m].

Running low-voltage wires in conduit with line voltage power wires is not recommended. Low-voltage wiring must be connected to the low voltage terminal block on the Universal Outdoor Control. The terminal block can be unplugged from the control board to facilitate wiring.

An EcoNet™ communicating heat pump system consists of these matched components:

• EcoNet™ communicating outdoor unit.

• EcoNet™ communicating air handler or EcoNet™

communicating furnace.

• EcoNet™ Control Center.

Wiring

4.0 INSTALLATION

Indoor

Unit

EcoNet™

Control Center

Outdoor

Unit

4.9 Control Wiring (cont.)

Wiring

IMPORTANT: The EcoNet™ control

system requires continuous 18 AWG thermostat wire. Do not use phone cord to connect indoor

and outdoor units. This will damage the controls.

The EcoNet™ control system requires four (4) control wires for unit operation:

• R 24 VAC

• C 24 VAC common

• Data wire E1 Communications

• Data wire E2 Communications

The EcoNet™ enabled air handler or furnace is equipped with a 24-volt, 40 or 50 VA transformer for proper system operation. See the wiring diagram below for low voltage wiring connections.

4.9.4 Conventional 24VAC Thermostat Control Wiring Connections

The (-)A15AZ(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ series of outdoor units allow the installer to use a conventional 2-stage thermostat for limited unit operation.

IMPORTANT: The preferred method

of unit installation and operation is by the EcoNet™ Communicating System which allows access to

the fault history of the system. This diagnostic information is not available at the thermostat when the (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ unit is using a conventional 2-stage thermostat.

Thermostat control wiring requires a minimum of six (6) wires for proper heatpump operation and four (5) wires for proper AC operation:

R – 24 VAC (AC/HP) C – 24 VAC common (AC/HP) Y1 – Speed Command 1 (AC/HP) Y2 – Speed Command 2 (AC/HP) B – Heat pump operation (HP) W – Supplemental Heat During Defrost Cycle (AC/HP)

These wires need to be connected to each device (Control Center, indoor air handler or furnace, and outdoor unit).

Once all devices are connected, apply the line voltage to the indoor and outdoor units.

When all devices are powered, the EcoNet™ Control Center should detect the indoor and outdoor units within 45 seconds.

Once the system is powered and all components are communicating with each other, the airflow settings will be automatically configured in the airhandler or furnace.

All adjustments for indoor airflow are made at the EcoNet™ Control Center from this point. Items that can be changed are airflow trim adjustment, on-demand dehumidification, cooling and heating airflow and electric heat airflow. The Control Center also has a wide range of fault and history information. To access any of the control center menus press the settings, status, or service icons at the bottom of the touch screen. Refer to the air handler or furnace installation manual and the EcoNet™ Control Center installation manual for further details on setting up the system and available adjustment options.

The following figures show the typical control wiring diagrams with (-)A15AZ/(-)A16AZ/(-)P16AZ heat pumps using a conventional two-stage 24VAC thermostat. Cooling and heating airflow levels will need to be adjusted for homeowner comfort once the system is operational.

WIRE COLOR CODE

BK – BLACK GY – GRAY W – WHITE BR – BROWN O – ORANGE Y – YELLOW BL – BLUE PR – PURPLE G – GREEN R – RED

4.9 Control Wiring (cont.)

Field-Installed

Heat Pump

Indoor

Unit

24 VAC 2 - Stage Thermostat HP

ST-A1324-02

ST-A1324-03

Field-Installed

A16 Air

Conditioner

Indoor

Unit

24 VAC 2 - Stage Thermostat AC

4.0 INSTALLATION

TYPICAL 2-STAGE THERMOSTAT: (-)P16 HEAT PUMP WITH AIR-HANDLER USING A THERMOSTAT WITH DEHUMIDIFICATION

TYPICAL 2-STAGE THERMOSTAT: AC WITH AIR-HANDLER

To ensure this, measure “R” to earth or chassis ground on the indoor unit and make sure it measures 24VAC while “C” to chassis/earth ground is 0VAC. On the new outdoor transformer, with the transformer connected to the ODU thermostat terminal block, ensure that the low voltage lead connected to “R” on the thermostat terminal block of the unit measures 24VAC to earth/chassis ground while “C” on the same terminal block measures 0VAC to earth or chassis ground

WARNING: Never route low voltage

(eg 24VAC thermostat) wiring in the same conduit or whip as line voltage (eg 120VAC, 240VAC and etc).

Wiring

4.9.5 For Installations With Only 2 Thermostat Wires Between The Indoor And Outdoor Units.

Sourcing the following components and materials, use the provided wiring diagram to create an external 24VAC power supply to unit in the case that only two thermostat wires can be practically supplied from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit

Do not mount the new enclosure with the transformer to the outdoor unit. The enclosure with transformer must be mounted to the exterior wall of the home or structure or to a separate post or stand

Note that it is critical that the additional transformer is properly phased with the original transformer on the indoor unit.

Install the fuse in the “R” circuit from the new transformer inside the new NEMA/IP enclosure (inthe “R” wire before exiting the enclosure) with the transformer by crimping the 1/4 “ QC terminals to the wire and connecting those terminals directly to the legs of the fuse as shown in the photo below.

It is important that proper electrical power is available at the heat pump power terminal block. The acceptable operating voltage range is shown below.

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.9 Control Wiring (cont.)

Parts/Materials:

1. Minimum NEMA 3R or IP-65 rated, watertight

electrical enclosure with integrated key, screw-down lid or padlock feature to prevent accidental access. Interior dimensions should be at least 2.5” x 3.5” x

3.5”. (note: enclosures with Knock-out (KO) are preferred for simplification of installation). Same as, or similar to Grainger Item 3A909

2. A minimum 40VA (40W) (minimum), 240VAC to

24VAC (alternate 208VAC to 24VAC for 208VAC applications) Transformer Same as, or similar to Rheem part number 46-101905-01

3. Watertight conduit or electrical whips with

watertight fittings/clamps (size and length as necessary) on each end. Two must be supplied; one for 240VAC wires and another for 24VAC wires.

Warning: Never route low voltage (eg 24VAC thermostat) wiring in the same conduit or whip as line voltage (eg 120VAC, 240VAC and etc).

4. 18GA wire with 2/64” Insulation rated for 600V

(minimum), preferred colors;

FOR ECONECT INSTALLATIONS WITH

CONDUIT OR WHIP

O/R

CAP

ROUTE ALLL

WIRING IN

WATER-TIGHT

ONLY 2 THERMOSTAT WIRES

O (BK)

BK (W)

OUTDOOR UNIT CONTROL BOX

GND

240

OR 208 VAC

ELECTRICAL

DISCONNECT

BK/Y

5 WIRES

TO COMM

MODBUS P1 ON VSODU

J130

H P S

J03-01

1 (m)

FERRITERING

COII

RELAY

J03-02

INVERTER

2 (c)

BK/Y

DRIVE

3 (s)

BK/Y

BK R Y BK/Y

P302

J120

J110

1 2 3

GND KO

KO= KNOCKOUT

CONTACTOR

L1 T1

L2 T2

A1 A2

GROUND

LUG

BR (R)

5 WIRES

TO COMM

MODBUS

J130 ON

INVERTER

DRIVE

Brown (24VAC Common), Red (24VAC SEC), Black (240AC, L1), Orange (240VAC L2) (all wire lengths will depend on installation)

5. 14GA wire with 2/64” Insulation rated for 600V (minimum), preferred colors: Green (ground) to disconnect or control box of outdoor unit (wire length will depend on installation)

6. Appropriate mounting screws or bolts to mount transformer inside of NEMA/IP electrical enclosure.

7. 3Amp ATC Style Fuse Same as, or similar to Grainger Item 2FCY5

8. ¼” 18GA insulated quick-connect (QC) terminals, QTY = 6 Same as, or Similar to Grainger Item 21DH01

9. 14GA Ring Terminal, Qty = 1 Same as, or similar to Grainger Item 3VRU9

PRV

COM

GND

HPS

INDOOR

UNIT

E1 E2

FOR 240 VAC,

USE “240” TERM.

FOR 208 VAC,

USE “208” TERM.

R V S

UNIVERSAL

OUTDOOR

CONTROLLER

E1E2RCY2YBWU

V S

IN SOME CONDUIT

(UODC)

LOW VOLTAGE T-STAT

WIRING TO T-STAT AND

INDOOR SECTION

TRANSFORMER

240 208 61

NOTE: DO NOT

ROUTE LINE

VOLTAGE LOW

VOLTAGE WIRE

L1 GND

ATC FUSE

J17

J15

J16

OAT

P 10

NEW ELECTRICAL

ENCLOSURE (MINIMUM

NEMA 3

IP65)

NOTE: CAN

NOT BE MOUNTED

ON THE

OUTDOOR

UNIT

ROUTE GROUND

WIRE TO

TRANSFORMER

MOUNTING

FOOT USING

14GA RING

TERMINAL

CONTROL BOX

FERRITERING

MAIN CABINET

PRESSURE

RELIEF VALVE

DISCHARGE TEMP. SENSOR

COIL TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION TEMP. SENSOR LIQUID TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION TRANSDUCER

LIQUID TRANSDUCER

RVS

HPC

PSC (BLDC) FAN

COMP

MOTOR

ST-A1342-01

4.0 INSTALLATION

Nameplate

Operating Voltage Range at

4.10 Power Wiring

it is important that proper electrical power is available at the heat pump power terminal block. The acceptable operating voltage range is shown below.

VOLTAGE RANGES (60 HZ)

Voltage

208/230

Install a branch circuit disconnect within sight of the unit and of adequate size to handle the minimum circuit ampacity (MCA) current (see “Electrical Data” in Section

3.2). Field wiring must comply with the National Electric Code

(C.E.C. in Canada) and any applicable local code.

Power wiring must be run in a rain-tight conduit. Conduit must be attached to the hole in the bottom of the control box.

Connect power wiring to line-voltage lugs on the terminal block located in the outdoor heat pump unit electrical box. (See wiring diagram attached to unit access panel.)

Maximum Load Conditions

197–253

4.11 Grounding

WARNING: The unit must be

permanently grounded. Failure to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal injury or death.

A ground lug is provided near the line-voltage power entrance for a ground wire.

Check all electrical connections, including factory wiring within the unit and make sure all connections are tight.

DO NOT connect aluminum field wire to the line voltage terminal block.

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING

5.1 System Start-Up Overview

Once the system hardware and wiring has been properly installed, the next step is to start the system up, verify indoor air-flow, and adjust the refrigerant charge. To assure optimum comfort, efficiency, and reliability, it is extremely important to follow the procedures in this section to assure the indoor air-flow and refrigerant charge are correct.

5.2 Initial Power-Up and EcoNet™ Communication

Verication

Wiring

After all installation steps have been completed, apply electrical power to the indoor and outdoor units. The EcoNetTM Control Center or thermostat should be switched to the off position initially. Within 45 seconds of power being applied, the EcoNetTM Control Center should detect the indoor and outdoor units.

IMPORTANT: It is recommended to wait

at least 12 hours after electrical power is applied to the outdoor unit before starting the compressor to assure any liquid refrigerant inside the compressor has been driven out by the compressor stator heat.

5.3 EcoNet™ Control Center SetUp

Follow the set-up instructions included with the EcoNetTM Control Center prior to starting system. Cooling dehumidification must be disabled for indoor air-flow verification and refrigerant charging. The indoor air-flow trim adjustment should be set to 0% for indoor air-flow verification, but should be adjusted prior to refrigerant charging should the application require an adjustment to the indoor air-flow.

5.4 Initial System Start-Up

Using the EcoNet™ Control Center service menu (See Section 5.5 below) or using the thermostat (See Section 5.6 below), put the system into the charging mode which will force it to operate at 100% capacity and indoor air-ow which is necessary for accurate indoor air-ow verication and refrigerant charging. Check to make sure "On-Demand Dehumidication" is turned off in the EcoNet™ Control Center (or on the air-handler or gas furnace control board for conventional 24VAC control applications).

Start-Up

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING

5.5 Entering Charge Mode Using EcoNet™ Control Center Service Menu

1. Set the "Mode" to the "OFF" position.

2. Select "SERVICE" on the EcoNet™ Control Center screen.

3. Select "ODU Checkout". If the next screen displays a flashing "Lock-Out" message, there will be up to a 5 minute delay before it is possible to continue.

4. Once the flashing lock-out message disappears, touch OFF on the screen displayed to the right of "Var Speed ODU Test".

5. Touch the "UP" arrow repeatedly until the "Heat Charge" or "Cool Charge" menu item is displayed depending on which mode the system is to be charged in.

6. Touch "Start Test".

7. System will now operate at 100% of capacity and indoor air-flow to allow proper indoor air-flow verification and refrigerant charging until the Charge Mode is manually ended. There may be a delay before the system actually starts. If the system doesn't start, cycle power to both the indoor and outdoor units and repeat steps 1-6.

8. Note: When charging in the heating mode, the system will initiate a defrost cycle every 34 minutes if the coil temperature is below 35ºF [1.7ºC] to assure the coil stays frost free during the charging process. Allow the system to complete the defrost cycle and stabilize for at least 10 minutes before attempting to evaluate the charge level.

9. To end Charge Mode, touch the "UP" arrow repeatedly until "OFF" is displayed on the screen and then touch "Stop Test". Then touch the left arrow on the screen to return to the main screen.

10. If the indoor blower continues to run continuously after exiting the Charge Mode, cycle the power to

the air-handler or furnace.

5.6 Entering Charge Mode When Using a Universal Outdoor Control

1. Set the thermostat to the cool or heat mode depending on which mode the system is to be charged in.

2. Adjust the set point several degrees below (cool mode) or above (heat mode) the room temperature to assure the thermostat is calling for operation and will continue to do so throughout the charging process.

3. When the charging process is complete, adjust the temperature set-point to the desired level.

Start-Up

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING

5.7 Indoor Air-Flow Verication

Correct indoor air-flow and proper supply air distribution is critical to system comfort, efficiency and reliability. Excessive indoor air-flow results in elevated humidity levels in the cooling mode and excessive air noise. Low indoor air-flow reduces system capacity and can result in coil icing and compressor failure in the cooling mode and can cause nuisance high pressure switch tripping and increases power consumption in the heating mode.

Fortunately, when the (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ outdoor unit are matched to the correct air-handler or furnace/coil combination and are controlled by the communication EcoNetTM Control Center, the indoor air-flow is automatically controlled to the proper level based on the model data stored in the UODC. When the indoor blower is operating, the EcoNetTM Control Center will display the indoor air-flow in the Service Menu of the control. The approximate indoor air-flow is also displayed in 100 CFM [47 l/s] increments by a flashing LED on

Outdoor Unit

Model No.

(-)P16AZ24/(-)A16AZ24/(-)A15AZ24 750 750

(-)P16AZ36/(-)A16AZ36/(-)A15AZ36 1125 1125

(-)P16AZ48/(-)A16AZ48/(-)A15AZ48 1450 1450

(-)P16AZ60/(-)A16AZ60/(-)A15AZ60 1800 1800

Displayed Indoor CFM

the air-handler or furnace control board while the blower is operating (one flash per 100 CFM [47 l/s]) for installations where a conventional 24VAC thermostat is used.

Once the system is operating in the Charging Mode, confirm the indoor air-flow is close to those values in the table below. If the displayed indoor air-flow is not reasonably close to the value in the table, confirm cooling dehumidification is disabled, the indoor air-flow trim adjustment is set to 0%, and verify the model numbers of the indoor and outdoor units are an approved combination by the manufacturer. Once the indoor air-flow is verified, the indoor air-flow trim adjustment may be changed to suit the installation and should be done prior to final charge adjustment.

NOTICE: AHRI rated indoor air-flow may differ slightly from values in the table below.

NOTE: All indoor air-ow trims must be adjusted using the bluetooth contractor's app.

Displayed Indoor CFM

Cooling Mode

Heating Mode

Start-Up

5.8 Refrigerant Charging

The refrigerant charge for all systems should be checked against the Charging Chart located inside the access panel cover.

WARNING:

compressor shell is hot. Touching the compressor top may result in serious personal injury.

CAUTION:

approximately 60% higher (1.6 times) than R-22 pressures. Use appropriate care when using this refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in equipment damage or personal injury.

Charge for all systems should be checked against the Charging Chart inside the access panel cover.

The top of the scroll

R-410A pressures are

IMPORTANT: Do not operate the

compressor without charge in the system. Addition of R-410A will raise high-side pressures

(liquid and discharge).

NOTICE: System maintenance is to be

performed by a qualified and certified technician.

The optimum refrigerant charge for any outdoor unit matched with an indoor coil/air handler is affected by the application. Therefore, charging data has been developed to assist the field technician in optimizing the charge for all mounting configurations (UF – Upflow, DF – Downflow, LH – Left-Hand Discharge, and RH – Right-Hand Discharge). Refer to the charging chart inside the access panel cover on the unit and choose the appropriate column for the specific application being installed or serviced. New installations utilizing either an RCF indoor coil installed on a gas furnace, RH3VZ or an RHMVZ series air handler in the downflow or horizontal right-hand discharge may require removal of some refrigerant since the factory charge could result in an overcharge condition for short line length applications.

The following method is used for charging systems in the cooling and heating mode. All steps listed should be performed to ensure proper charge has been set. For measuring pressures, the service valve port on the liquid valve (small valve) and the true service port located between the two service valves are to be used.

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING

5.8.1 Measurement Device Set-Up

1. With an R-410A gauge set, attach the high-pressure

hose to the access fitting on the liquid line (small) service valve at the OD unit.

Attach the low-pressure hose to the exterior suction

port located between the two service valves that is connected to the suction tube between the reversing valve and compressor

3. Attach a temperature probe within 6" [15.2 cm]

of the outside of the unit on the copper liquid line (small line). For more accurate measurements, clean the copper line prior to measurement and use a calibrated clamp-on temperature probe or an insulated surface thermocouple.

5.8.2 Preliminary Charging by

Weight

NOTICE:

the linear length of the refrigerant line set. For a new installation, evacuation of inter-connecting

tubing and indoor coil is adequate; otherwise, evacuate the entire system. Use the factory charge shown in “Electrical and Physical Data” in Section 3.2 of these instructions or on the unit data plate. Note

that the charge value includes charge required for 15 ft. [4.6 m] of standard-size liquid line without a filter drier.

Calculate actual charge required with the actual installed liquid line size and length using:

1/4" [6.4 mm] O.D. = .3 oz./ft. [28.3 g/m] 5/16" [7.9 mm] O.D. = .4 oz./ft. [37.7 g/m] 3/8" [9.5 mm] O.D. = .6 oz./ft. [56.7 g/m] 1/2" [12.7 mm] O.D. = 1.2 oz./ft. [113.3 g/m]

Add 6 oz. [170 g] for field-installed filter drier.

Charge Adjustment = (Line Set (oz./ft.) x Total Length) – Factory Charge for Line Set

Example: A three ton heat pump unit with factory

installed 3/8” liquid service valve requires 75 ft. of line set with a liquid line diameter of 1/2”.

Factory Charge for Line Set = 15 ft. × .6 oz. = 9 oz. Charge Adjustment = (1.2 oz. × 75 ft.) – 9 oz. =

+ 81 oz. With an accurate scale (+/– 1 oz. [28.3 g]) or

volumetric charging device, adjust the refrigerant charge based on the actual line set length. If the entire system has been evacuated, add the total calculated charge.

Adjust the system charge by weight for

IMPORTANT: Charging by weight is

not always accurate since the application can affect the optimum refrigerant charge. Charging by weight is considered a starting point ONLY. Always check the charge by using the Charging Chart and adjust as necessary. CHARGING BY LIQUID SUBCOOLING PER THE SYSTEM CHARGING CHART MUST BE

USED FOR FINAL CHARGE ADJUSTMENT.

IMPORTANT: R-410A is a blended

refrigerant of R-32 and R-125 (50/50). These two refrigerants have different saturation curves and therefore change state at different pressures and temperatures. If charge is added to the system in the vapor state, it is possible to have a disproportionate amount of each part of the R-410A blend which will cause unstable and inefficient operation. Therefore, it is critical to add R-410A in the liquid form only!

5.8.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures (Optional)

1. Following airflow verification and charge weigh-in, run the unit for a minimum of 15 minutes prior to noting pressures and temperatures.

IMPORTANT: Indoor conditions as

measured at the indoor coil must be within 2°F [1.1°C] of comfort conditions per the homeowner's preference.

NOTICE:

or below this range, run the system to bring the temperature down or run the electric heat/furnace to bring the temperature up to within this range.

2. Note the Outdoor Dry Bulb Temperature, ODDB° = _____°F [°C]. Unit charging is recommended under the following outdoor conditions ONLY:

Cooling Mode ONLY: 55°F [12.8°C] outdoor dry bulb and above

Heating Mode ONLY: Between 40°F [4.4°C] and 60°F [15.6°C] outdoor dry bulb

3. Locate and note the design pressures. The correct liquid and vapor pressures are found at the intersection of the installed system and the outdoor ambient temperature on the Charging Chart located inside the access panel cover.

Liquid Pressure: = ______psig [kPa]; Vapor Pressure = ______psig [kPa]

NOTICE:

are for preliminary charge check ONLY. These pressure values are typical, but may vary due to application. Evaporator load (indoor coil in cooling mode/outdoor coil in heating mode) will cause pressures to deviate. The values listed are for the correct matched indoor coil

If the indoor temperature is above

The refrigerant pressures provided

Start-Up

5.0 SYSTEM START-UP AND REFRIGERANT CHARGING

ONLY!

4. If the measured liquid pressure is below the listed requirement for the given outdoor and indoor conditions, add charge. If the measured liquid pressure is above the listed requirement for the given outdoor and indoor conditions, remove charge.

5.8.4 Final Charging by Liquid

Subcooling

1. After preliminary charging by weight or pressures, find the design subcooling value. The correct subcooling value is found at the intersection of the installed system and the outdoor ambient temperature on the Charging Chart located inside the access panel cover.

SC° from Charging Chart = _____°F [°C].

IMPORTANT: Indoor conditions

as measured at the indoor coil are required to be within 2ºF (1.1ºC) of comfort conditions as preferred by the homeowner and must have operated for at least 15 minutes prior to final charge adjustment. Unit charging is recommended under the following outdoor conditions ONLY:

Cooling Mode: 55°F [12.8°C] outdoor dry bulb and above

Heating Mode: Between 40°F [4.4°C] and 60°F [15.6°C] outdoor dry bulb

NOTICE: Systems should not be charged

below 40°F [4.4°C] outdoor temperature.

NOTICE: If the indoor temperature is

above or below the recommended range, run the system to bring the temperature down or run the electric heat/furnace to bring the temperature up.

2. Note the measured Liquid Pressure, Liq Press = ______psig [kPa], as measured from the liquid (small) service valve. Use the Temperature Pressure Chart below to note the corresponding

Start-Up

5.8.5 R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart

SATUR ATION

TEMP ºF [ºC]

-150 [-101] – -30 [-34] 17.9 [123.4] 35 [2] 107.5 [741.2] 10 0 [38] 317.4 [2188.4]

-140 [ -96] – -25 [-32] 22.0 [151.7] 40 [4] 118.5 [817.0] 105 [41] 340.6 [2348.4]

-130 [-90] – -20 [-29] 26.4 [182.0] 45 [ 7] 13 0.2 [89 7.7] 110 [ 43] 365.1 [2517.3]

-120 [ -84] – -15 [- 26 ] 31.3 [215.8] 50 [10] 142.7 [983.9] 115 [ 46] 390.9 [2695.2]

-110 [-79] – -10 [-23] 36 .5 [251.7 ] 55 [13] 156.0 [1075.6] 120 [4 9] 418.0 [2882.0]

-100 [-7 3] – -5 [ -21] 42.2 [291.0] 60 [16] 170.1 [1172. 8] 125 [52] 446.5 [3078.5]

-90 [-68] – 0 [-18 ] 48.4 [333.7] 65 [18] 185.1 [1276.2] 130 [5 4] 476.5 [3285.4]

-80 [- 62] – 5 [ -15] 5 5.1 [38 0.0 ] 70 [21] 2 01.0 [1385 .8] 135 [ 57] 508.0 [3502.5]

-70 [-57 ] – 10 [-12 ] 62.4 [430.2] 75 [24] 217.8 [1501.7] 140 [60] 541.2 [37 31.4]

-6 0 [-51] 0.4 [2.8] 15 [-9] 70. 2 [484.0] 80 [27] 235.6 [1624.4] 145 [63] 576.0 [3971.4]

-50 [- 46] 5.1 [35.2] 20 [-7] 78 .5 [5 41.2] 85 [29] 254.5 [1754.7] 150 [6 6] 612.8 [4225.1]

-40 [-40] 10.9 [75.2] 25 [-4] 8 7.5 [ 60 3.3] 90 [32] 2 74. 3 [1891. 2]

-35 [-37] 14 .2 [ 97.9] 30 [-1] 97.2 [670.2] 95 [35] 295.3 [2036.0]

R-410A

PSIG [kPa]

SATUR ATION

TEMP ºF [ºC]

R-410A

PSIG [kPa]

saturation temperature for R-410A at the measured liquid pressure.

Liquid Saturation Temperature, SAT°= _____°F [°C].

3. Note the liquid line temperature, Liq° = _____°F [°C], as measured from a temperature probe located within 6" [15.2 cm] outside of the unit on the copper liquid line (small line). It is recommended to use a calibrated clamp-on temperature probe or an insulated surface thermocouple.

Subtract the liquid line temperature from the

saturation temperature to calculate subcooling. SAT°_____°F SC°_____°F

Adjust charge to obtain the specified subcooling

[°C]

- Liq°_____°F

[°C]

value. If the measured subcooling level is below the listed requirement for the given outdoor temperature, add charge. If the measured subcooling level is above the listed requirement for the given outdoor temperature, remove charge.

5.9 Completing Installation

• Disconnect the hoses from the pressure ports.

Replace the pressure port caps and tighten adequately to seal caps. DO NOT overtighten.

• Replace the service valve top caps finger-tight

and then tighten with a wrench to adequately seal caps. DO NOT overtighten.

• Replace control box cover and service panel and

install screws to secure panels.

• Restore power to unit at disconnect if required.

• Exit Charging Mode and configure EcoNet™

Control Center or thermostat per the thermostat installation instructions and set to desired mode and temperature.

SATUR ATION

TEMP ºF [ºC]

R-410A

PSIG [kPa]

SATUR ATION TEMP ºF [ºC]

R-410A

PSIG [kPa]

6.0 NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION

The following sections provide details on how the (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ outdoor systems are designed to operate under normal conditions. Under abnormal conditions, Active Compressor and Inverter Protection features built into the controls may alter how the system operates to protect the compressor and inverter from damage. The sequence of operation is based on the system being set up for EcoNetTM communications using an EcoNetTM enabled air-handler or gas furnace and an EcoNetTM Control Center. A section is provided at the end that describes how the system will operate if a conventional 24VAC 2-stage thermostat is used.

NOTE: The use of a conventional 24VAC thermostat eliminates many of the advanced operating and diagnostic features the customer has paid for and is strongly discouraged.

6.1 Cooling Mode

The (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ unit will have variable capacity from 45% to 65%. A compressor demand above 65% capacity shall switch the inverter operation to line voltage. This type of hybrid operation shall either take place in a fully communicating system or when connected to a communicating indoor unit and a non-communicating thermostat. In communicating mode, the control center shall send the compressor demand and shall decide when the inverter runs at line voltage or at variable speed capacity.

Note: In legacy mode the outdoor control shall determine the compressor speed.

The percentage of capacity required is based on the difference between the temperature set-point and the room temperature measured at the Control Center. One second after the compressor starts, the UODC will direct the variable speed outdoor motor to operate at the appropriate speed to deliver the necessary outdoor air-flow for that capacity percentage. Upon a call for cooling/heating, the EcoNetTM Control Center accesses the indoor air-flow parameters found in the model data residing in the UODC and directs the EcoNetTM enabled air-handler or gas furnace control board to deliver an appropriate indoor air-flow level based on the capacity percentage required at that point in time. The EcoNetTM air-handler or gas furnace control board will then direct the variable speed indoor blower motor to start and operate at the requested cooling/heating air-flow level. As the building load changes throughout the call for cooling/ heating operation, the compressor speed, outdoor fan speed, and indoor air-flow level will respond by ramping up or down as required to meet the building load exactly rather than simply cycling on and off as conventional systems do. When the call for cooling/ heating has ended, the EcoNetTM Control Center will

direct the outdoor and indoor units to shut down. The compressor and outdoor fan motor will ramp down to zero RPM and the indoor blower motor will ramp down to the minimum air-flow level for 30-45 seconds to extract the residual heating from the cold indoor coil before it stops.

Note: Anytime the compressor goes to line operation, the unit shall stay there until the heating/cooling satisfies the thermostat demand

6.2 On-Demand Cooling

Dehumidication

The EcoNetTM Control Center can be configured for On-Demand Dehumidification. This feature allows the system to automatically increase the level of dehumidification in the cooling mode by decreasing the indoor air-flow by 15% when the indoor relative humidity measured at the Control Center rises above the set-point. Once the relative humidity drops to or below the set-point, the indoor air-flow level returns to normal.

6.3 Low Ambient Cooling Mode

In some installations, a requirement exists for cooling a controlled air space when the outdoor ambient is below the normal range for cooling such as a computer room or other enclosed areas where a large heat load exists that must be kept cool. Low ambient cooling is a special cooling mode that allows the unit to provide cooling when the outdoor temperature is below low ambient temperature. When necessary, the outdoor fan shall be cycled off to maintain liquid pressure in the system. Operation below low ambient temperature requires special interpretation of the state of the suction pressure. If the outdoor air temperature is less than the low ambient temperature, a flag shall be set and the low ambient cooling algorithm shall run. If the outdoor temperature rises one degree above the low ambient temperature, the low ambient cooling algorithm shall turn off and the flag shall be reset

Note: This mode shall not be active if any sensor error code is active.

6.4 Supplemental Electric

Heat in

Heating Mode

If the building load should exceed the heating capacity in extreme outdoor conditions, the EcoNetTM Control Center or 24 VAC 2-stage thermostat will direct the RH3VZ or RHMVZ air-handler to energize supplemental electric heat as required to meet the building load. The indoor air-flow will be forced to operate at the maximum level for the system. For 13kW heaters and higher, the supplemental electric

Operation

6.0 NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION

heat will be energized in two stages as required. The compressor and outdoor fan will continue to operate at maximum capacity while supplemental electric heat is energized.

6.5 Dual Fuel Applications

–

Heating Mode

If the building load should exceed the heat pump heating capacity in extreme outdoor conditions, the EcoNetTM Control Center will direct the outdoor unit to shut down and heating responsibility will be transferred to the gas furnace. An outdoor ambient temperature can be set in the EcoNetTM Control Center to direct the system to automatically switch to gas heat when the outdoor ambient temperature drops below that set-point. If the EcoNetTM Control Center is set to the EMERGENCY HEAT (Furnace Only) mode, heating responsibility will be transferred to the gas furnace.

6.6 Demand Defrost

Defrosting of the outdoor coil in the heating mode is controlled by the Universal Outdoor Control (UODC). (-)P16AZ heat pumps utilizes “demand defrost” that initiates a defrost cycle only when frosting is detected on the outdoor coil during heating operation. The UODC continuously monitors the Outdoor Ambient Temperature Thermistor (OAT) and Outdoor Coil Temperature Thermistor to determine when a defrost cycle is required. The following sequence is followed for defrost cycles.

• Defrost Initiation: A defrost cycle is initiated when the following conditions are met.

1. The outdoor coil temperature is below 35°F [1.7°C].

2. The compressor has operated for at least

34 minutes with the outdoor coil

temperature below 35°F [1.7°C].

3. The UODC determines a defrost cycle is required based on the OAT and EVAPIN temperatures.

on line voltage then the unit will remain on line voltage until the defrost cycle is complete.

4. The indoor air-handler or gas furnace is directed to supply supplemental heat

to prevent cold air from being discharged from the supply registers during the defrost cycle.

5. The compressor speed is ramped to the pre-determined defrost speed for the duration of the defrost cycle.

• Defrost Termination: The defrost cycle will continue until the coil temperature has reached the termination temperature or 14 minutes have elapsed, whichever comes first. The factory default termination temperature is 60°F [15.6°C]. When the coil temperature reaches the termination temperature or 14 minutes have elapsed, the following action is taken.

1. The compressor speed is ramped to the

reversing valve switching speed for 30

seconds before the reversing valve is

energized.

2. The reversing valve will be energized,

switching it back to the heating position.

3. The outdoor fan motor is energized.

4. Auxiliary heat is de-energized.

5. The compressor speed will ramp to a pre determined oil circulation speed for 6 minutes.

6. The system returns to normal heating operation as directed by the EcoNetTM Control Center.

NOTE: Should the outdoor ambient

temperature thermistor fail, the UODC will initiate a defrost every 34 minutes of operation when the coil temperature is below 35°F.

If the above conditions are met, the following action will be taken.

1. The compressor speed is ramped to the predetermined reversing valve switching speed for 30 seconds before the reversing valve is de-energized.

2. The reversing valve is de-energized which will cause it to shift to the cooling position.

Note: If the demand for defrost is initiated

while on the drive the unit will remain on the drive until the defrost cycle is complete. If the demand for the defrost is initiated while

6.0 NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION

Žŝů

6.7 Sequence of Operation for

Off

Off Off On On

dĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ

ĂƚĞĨƌŽƐƚ

dĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶ

F [15.6ºC]

50ºF [10ºC]

F [4.4ºC]

F [21.1ºC]

Conventional 2-Stage 24VAC Thermostat Controls

In legacy mode, the outdoor control shall determine the compressor speed.

The difference between the temperature set-point and the room temperature measured at the 24VAC 2-stage thermostat will determine whether the system gets a cooling or heating call. Upon a cooling/ heating call, the UODC will command the air-handler or gas furnace control board to deliver an appropriate indoor air-flow level based on the capacity using the parameters stored internally to the UODC. One second after the compressor starts, the UODC will direct the variable speed outdoor motor to operate at the appropriate speed to deliver the necessary outdoor air-flow for that capacity based on the parameters stored in the UODC. As the building load changes throughout the call for cooling/heating operation, the compressor speed, outdoor fan speed, and indoor air-flow level will respond by ramping up or down as required to meet the building load exactly rather than simply cycling on and off as conventional systems do. When the call for cool ing/heating has ended, the call from the 2-stage thermostat will be removed and the UODC will direct the outdoor and indoor units to shut down. The compressor and outdoor fan motor will ramp down to zero RPM and the indoor blower motor will ramp down to the minimum air-flow level for 30-45 seconds to extract the residual heating from the cold indoor coil before it stops.

Operation

Note: Anytime the compressor goes to line operation, the unit shall stay there until the heating/ cooling satisfies the thermostat demand

7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS

7.1 EcoNet™ Universal Outdoor Control (UODC)

7.1.1 Board Features and Connections

(-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ outdoor units are equipped with a Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) that interfaces with the inverter, EcoNetTM Control Center, and EcoNetTM enabled air-handler or gas furnace using the EcoNet protocol. The UODC provides a low voltage terminal block for control wiring and connections for various sensors, controls, outdoor fan motor and inverter. If an alert or alarm occurs the Econet Control Center will display the active faults as well as fault history. If used with the conventional 24 VAC 2-stage thermostat then these faults can be found using the Bluetooth Contractor's App. Buttons are provided to initiate and terminate various test modes. A plug-in memory card provides model specific information (model data) necessary for proper

The following is a list of features on the UODC and location of each.

1. Bluetooth

2. Discharge Temp

serial communication

3. EXV

4. OAT

5. COIL/OST

6. OLT/CPT

7. Suction Pressure Tranducer

8. Liquid Pressure Tranducer

9. Reversing Valve

10. HPS

11. Common

12. Pressure Relief Valve

13. ModBus

14. SW1 and SW2

15. Power Supply LED

16. Fault Code LED

17. CPU Status LED

18. Heating Status LED

19. Cooling Status LED

20. Bluetooth LED

CAUTION: UNIT MAY START

SUDDENLY AND WITHOUT WARNING.

Components

20 19

7.1.2 Factory Superheat Setting

12 11

ST-A1324-04

The UODC is pre-programmed with the optimum superheat setting of 6º for each outdoor unit.

7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS

7.2 Power Inverter Compressor Control

(-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/(-)A16AZ outdoor units are equipped with a power inverter that varies the compressor speed to match the changing capacity needs of the conditioned space. The inverter interfaces with the Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) which communicates the level of system capacity that is required to the inverter based on input from the EcoNetTM Control Center or conventional 24VAC 2-stage thermostat. The inverter converts incoming single phase power to simulated variable frequency 3-phase power that is connected to the 3-phase compressor motor. Each of the four (-)P20 models has a unique inverter specifically designed and qualified for that specific model to provide reliable operation under the most extreme conditions. Each inverter is programmed to monitor compressor power consumption, motor torque, input current, input voltage,

compressor discharge pressure, and compressor discharge temperature. When the inverter identifies a condition that could potentially result in compressor or inverter damage, it automatically reduces the compressor speed until a more reliable operating condition is obtained or shuts the compressor completely off if necessary. Once safe operating conditions are attained, the inverter will gradually increase the compressor speed in an attempt to meet the capacity demand as long as the operating conditions remain within the safe operating range of the compressor and inverter.

1. RS485 Communication

2. Input Power

3. Drive Output

4. OD Fan Motor

Components

8.0 ACTIVE SYSTEM PROTECTION FEATURES

The controls found in the (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/ (-)A16AZ outdoor units are designed to prevent the system from operating in under conditions that could be harmful to the compressor and inverter. The Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) and Power Inverter continuously monitor multiple sensors, current, and voltage and will modify the compressor speed or completely shut the system down to protect the compressor and/or inverter if harmful operating conditions are sensed. This process is called Active System Protection. Sections 8.1 – 8.14 give a brief description of the different forms of protection that are provided. Refer to the Econet help pages on the Rheem website for further troubleshooting and diagnostics.

8.1 Minimum Run Timer

A minimum run time of 5 minutes is maintained by the VSODC to minimize short cycling which can be harmful to the compressor.

8.2 Oil Return Cycle

When the system has been operating at significantly reduced capacity for an extended period of time, the Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) will signal the Inverter to speed the compressor up to 70% capacity to help bring any oil that has accumulated in the indoor coil and refrigerant lines back to the compressor sump.

8.3 High Discharge

Temperature

The Power Inverter continuously monitors the Discharge Line Thermistor input to protect the compressor should the discharge temperature reach an unsafe level. If the discharge line temperature rises to 235°F [113ºC], the Inverter will reduce the compressor RPM incrementally until the temperature drops to 200°F [93ºC]. After the discharge temperature reaches 200°F [93ºC], the Inverter will gradually increase the compressor RPM until the compressor returns to normal speed based on the capacity demand. Should the discharge temperature rise to 235°F [113ºC] again, the Inverter to repeat the speed reduction cycle to maintain a temperature below 235°F [113ºC].

8.4 High Discharge Pressure

The High Pressure Control (HPC) limits the compressor discharge pressure to a safe level to prevent damage to the compressor. When the HPC contacts open at 610 PSIG [4206 kPa], the compressor will proceed to shut down and restart per the sequence shown below. If the HPC contacts open three (3) times during the same call for operation, the EcoNetTM Control Center will display a High Refrigerant Pressure Lockout fault on the screen. A manual reset is required for the UODC to exit the compressor lock-out mode and clear the fault. This is accomplished by disconnecting the electrical power to both the indoor and outdoor units for 1 minute and then reconnecting power.

NOTE: If the system experiences a high refrigerant pressure lock-out, the system should be evaluated to determine the cause for the high pressure condition and corrective action taken to eliminate the cause. Possible causes include excessive refrigerant charge, a failed indoor blower motor, dirty return air filter, or a dirty indoor coil (heating mode) or excessive refrigerant charge, a failed outdoor motor, or dirty outdoor coil (cooling mode).

8.5 Low Suction Pressure

Loss of Charge

The Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) continuously monitors the Suction Pressure Transducer input and will protect the compressor from damage by shutting it down when the suction pressure drops below 50 PSIG [345 kPa] in the cooling mode and below 15 PSIG [103 kPa] in the heating mode. A low pressure condition can result from inadequate indoor air-flow, low refrigerant charge or a restriction in the refrigerant circuit. The UODC will allow the compressor to restart if the suction pressure rises to 95 PSIG [655 kPa] in the cooling mode and 40 PSIG [276 kPa] in the heating mode. A low refrigerant pressure fault will be ignored for the first 90 seconds of compressor operation and during the entire defrost cycle to eliminate nuisance faults.

System Protection

8.0 ACTIVE SYSTEM PROTECTION FEATURES

If there are 3 low pressure faults in the same call for cooling or during 120 minutes of continuous heating operation, the UODC will lock the compressor out and the EcoNetTM Control Center will display a Low Refrigerant Pressure Lockout fault on the screen. If the outdoor ambient is below -10°F [-23°C] in the heating mode when the lockout occurs, the control will automatically reset when the outdoor ambient rises to -10°F [-23°C]. If the outdoor ambient is above -10°F [-23°C], a manual reset is required for the VSODU to exit the compressor lock-out mode and clear the fault. This is accomplished by disconnecting the electrical power to both the indoor and outdoor units for 1 minute and then reconnecting power.

NOTE: If the system experiences a low refrigerant pressure lock-out, the system should be evaluated to determine the cause for the low pressure condition and corrective action taken to eliminate the cause. Possible causes include low refrigerant charge, failed indoor blower motor, dirty return air filter, or a dirty indoor coil in the cooling mode or low refrigerant charge, a failed outdoor motor, or a dirty outdoor coil in the heating mode.

8.6 Compressor Shut-Down Sequence for High or Low Refrigerant Pressure Fault

1. The compressor is commanded to operate at zero (0) RPM for a minimum of 5 minutes.

2. The outdoor fan motor will continue to operate during the 5 minute compressor off delay.

3. The UODC and EcoNetTM Control Center will display the applicable fault code.

4. If after 5 minutes cooling or heating demand persists and the pressure has reached reset conditions, normal system operation will resume and the fault codes will be cleared from the UODC and EcoNetTM Control Center displays.

5. If after 5 minutes cooling or heating demand persists and the pressure has not reached reset conditions, the outdoor fan motor will be shut down. Once the pressure reaches reset conditions after the 5 minute delay, normal system operation will resume.

8.7 Overcurrent and Current Imbalance

If the compressor current exceeds an acceptable level for the compressor or inverter, the inverter will reduce the compressor speed to allow the current to return to an acceptable level. If there is a current imbalance between the compressor 3-phase windings, the inverter will shut the compressor down for 5 minutes and will lock the compressor out if there are 3 faults within a single call for operation.

8.8 Compressor Operation Outside Envelope

If the inverter detects that the compressor motor torque exceeds an acceptable level for the compressor, the inverter will reduce the compressor speed to keep the torque at an acceptable level.

8.9 Over and Under Voltage

If the supply voltage or internal DC voltage is not within an acceptable operating range, the inverter will shut the compressor off until the voltage returns to an acceptable level.

8.10 Inverter Over Temperature

If the internal inverter temperature sensors detect excessive temperatures within the inverter, the inverter will reduce the speed of the compressor or shut the compressor down until the temperatures drop to an acceptable level. The compressor will be locked out if there are 3 faults within a single call for operation.

8.11 Controls and Communication Malfunction

If the controls senses a malfunction within the control system or communications or if system model data is not available, the controls will act to shut the system down to prevent the system from operating at a condition that could harm components.

System Protection

8.0 ACTIVE SYSTEM PROTECTION FEATURES

8.12 Sensor Failure Default Operation

If the controls sense an externally connected sensor has failed, the system will enter a fail safe operating mode and will continue to condition the space until the sensor can be replaced. A fault code will be

FAILED COMPONENT FUNCTION DEFAULT OPERATION

Low Ambient Cooling No Low Ambient function

Outdoor Sensor (OAT)

Coil Sensor

One minute fan off delay on COO L mode No delay functions if failure is open or short. Continue function for a ther mistor range error.

PWM Shif t above 104°F [40°C] Shift will not occur

Defrost Initiate and Terminate Defrost will occur at each time inter val, but will terminate after 5 minutes

Defrost Defrost will be initiated based on coil temperature and time

Low Ambient Cooling No function

displayed on the EcoNetTM Control Center and Universal Outdoor Control identifying which sensor has failed. See the table below for the default operation for a sensor failure.

8.13 Exiting Active Protection Lock-Out Mode

Exiting an Active Protection Lock-Out mode can be accomplished by disconnecting electrical power to both the indoor and outdoor units for 1 minute and then restoring power. Keep in mind there was a reason for the lock-out, so the fault

code on the Universal Outdoor Control (UODC) or EcoNetTM Control Center should be read to assist with diagnosing the root cause of the lock-out and corrective action should be taken to prevent the system from repeating the lock-out.

System Protection

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

Advanced operating status and diagnostic information is available through the EcoNetTM Control Center that greatly enhances the ability to quickly and accurately diagnose system faults. For further assistance for troubleshooting a system please see the Bluetooth Contractor's App or the Econect Help Pages at myrheem. com.

EcoNet Fault Code Response Action

A001_O Model Data Conguration Error Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A002_O Compressor Model Data Error Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A003_O Fan Model Data Error Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A093_O Model Data Restore Failure Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A100_O Communications Lost with Indoor Unit Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A906_O Inverter Fault - AC Input Overvoltage Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A907_O Inverter Fault - AC Input Undervoltage Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A910_O Inverter Fault - Lost Rotor Position 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A912_O Inverter Fault - Self-Check Fault Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A915_O Inverter Fault - Comm Fault Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A920_O Inverter Fault - PFC Desaturation 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A924_O Inverter Fault - Board Temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A925_O Inverter Fault - Comp. Model Unknown Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A926_O Inverter Fault - HP Sensor Not Congured Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A927_O Inverter Fault - Drive Conguration Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A928_O Locked Out - See History Faults Permanent lockout

A929_O 240V Missing or Inverter Comm Failure Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A950_O Conguration Data Restore Failure Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A953_O Coil Temp Thermistor Failure Algorithms default

A954_O Suction Temp Thermistor Failure Algorithms default

A956_O Suction Pressure Sensor Failure Algorithms default

A957_O Low Refrigerant Pressure 4-hour lockout

A958_O High Refrigerant Pressure 4-hour lockout

A960_O Compressor Locked Rotor - Lockout Permanent lockout

A970_O Inverter/Compressor Mismatch Permanent lockout

A975_O Contactor Stuck On Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A979_O Compressor Over/Under Speed 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A980_O Fan Self Check Fault Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A987_O Compressor Loss of Phase 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A988_O Compressor Control Lost 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A989_O Charge Relay Open 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A990_O Compressor U-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A991_O Compressor V-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A992_O Compressor W-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A993_O Compressor Module Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

A994_O Compressor Parameter Fault Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

A998_O Fan Motor Parameter Fault Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

T901_O Inverter Fault - Comp. Overcurrent 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T902_O Inverter - Envelope Protection Follow req.M1HPC-SR-79

Diagnostics

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

T903_O Inverter Fault - PFC Overcurrent 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T904_O Inverter Fault - DC Bus Overvoltage 3-strikes to 30 minute lockout

T905_O Inverter Fault - DC Bus Undervoltage Lockout while active, short cycle to restart.

T908_O Inverter Fault - PIM Over-temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T909_O Inverter Fault - PFC Over-temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T911_O Inverter Fault - Current Imbalance 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T914_O Inverter Fault - DC Voltage Low 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T916_O Inverter Fault - Discharge Line Temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T917_O Inverter Fault - PIM Temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T918_O Inverter Fault - PFC Temp 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T922_O Inverter Fault - PIM Temp Foldback 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T923_O Inverter Fault - High Refrig Pressure 3-strikes to 4-hour lockout

T931_O Fan Fault Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T932_O Fan Fault Phase Current Imbalance 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T933_O Fan Fault Motor Over/Under Speed 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T934_O Fan Fault U-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T935_O Fan Fault V-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T936_O Fan Fault W-Phase Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T937_O Fan Fault Module Over Current 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T938_O Fan Fault Loss of Phase 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T939_O Fan Fault Loss of Control 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T940_O Fan Fault Module Over Temperature 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T941_O Fan Fault Start Up Fault 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T942_O Fan Fault Module Temp High 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T952_O Outside Temp Thermistor Failure Algorithms default

T955_O Compressor Temp Thermistor Failure Algorithms default

T957_O Low Refrigerant Pressure 3-strikes to 4-hour lockout

T960_O Compressor Locked Rotor 6-strikes to permanent lockout

T961_O Discharge Temp Thermistor Failure Algorithms default

T971_O Compressor Lube Protection Follow req.M1HPC-SR-80

T972_O Compressor Discharge Temp High Follow req.M1HPC-SR-81

T974_O Line Current Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T981_O Fan Overcurrent Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T982_O Fan Overvoltage Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T983_O Fan Undervoltage Fault 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T984_O Fan Locked Rotor Fault 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T986_O High Refrigerant Pressure Envelope 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T995_O IPM Overcurrent Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T996_O Low Side Overcurrent Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

T997_O High Side Overcurrent Trip 3-strikes to permanent lockout

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.1 Checking Transducers & Temperature Sensors

TRANSDUCERS:

Checking transducers for accuracy can be tricky. A technician will be required to do some voltage reading and math to validate the transducer is functioning properly. Additionally, comparing it to a reliable source can also be a challenge. Unless the gauges have been calibrated recently, the question remains, which one is right?

Knowing where to take the measurement, and getting solid reading is crucial. Measurements are done in the 0-5 volt DC range. One confusing point may be that we will take our measurements OUT and IN to the control, which are reversed when we talk formulas because we want the IN and OUT of the transducer. For instance, 5VDC out of the control board, translates to 5VDC into the transducer. And the lower variable voltage output from the transducer will be the input to the control board.

The transducer is not removed or disconnected to make these checks. The technician's meter leads need to be the smaller needle type, or actual needles can be used to gain access to the points of measurements.

Formulas for calculating gauge pressure are shown below.

SUCTION LINE TRANSDUCER:

PSIG = 375 * (VDC out / VDC in) - 8.1

LIQUID LINE TRANSDUCER:

PSIG = 812.5 * (VDC out / VDC in) - 51.85

IMPORTANT: Do the division inside

the parenthesis first, muliplication second, and subtraction last.

SUCTION LINE TRANSDUCER:

VDC out = 2.4 VDC in = 5.1 So... PSIG = 375 * (2.4 / 5.1) - 8.1 PSIG = 375 * (0.47) - 8.1 PSIG = 176.25 - 8.1 PSIG = 138.75

LIQUID LINE TRANSDUCER:

VDC out = 3.4 VDC in = 5.1 So... PSIG = 812.50 * (3.4 / 5.1) - 51.85 PSIG = 812.50 * (0.667) - 51.85 PSIG = 541.67 - 51.85 PSIG = 460.40 The pressures are best measured when the system

is off since they will be the most stable. The indoor transducer may be removed so the

pressure can be checked with gauges at the actual port the transducer is connected to. Pressures for outdoor transducers can be checked at the outdoor unit service ports with gauges since they are close enough in proximity to the transducers.

With the system powered, use the smaller meter tips to measure the voltage at the back of the transducer harness where it plugs into the control board. Voltage In will be measured from the Red and Black wires. (Red is +, Black is -). This should be very close to 5VDC, but may vary by a few 1/10ths. Voltage Out will be measured from Green to Black. (Green is the variable +, Black remains -).

Diagnostics

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.1 Checking Transducers & Temperature Sensors (cont.)

TEMPERATURE SENSORS:

All the temperature sensors/thermistors used in the equipment use the same scale of 10,000 Ohms at 77ºF (25ºC). This means, a sensor exposed to 77ºF will show a resistance of 10,000 Ohms +/1%. As the temperature decreases, the resistance increases. Alternatively, as the temperature increases, the resistance decreases.

Measurements will be made with the sensor disconnected from the control board. Again,

Diagnostics

comparing the results must be done against a calibrated tester.

A glass of water, mixed completely with ice chips and given several minutes to settle should measure 32 to 32.4ºF. [0 - 0.2 ºC]

Tem p F° Ohms Te mp F ° Ohms Temp F° Ohms Tem p F ° Ohms

0 85,378 33 31,738 66 13,138 99 5,9 61

1 82,710 34 30,855 67 12, 8 11 100 5,827

2 8 0,13 5 35 30,000 68 12,493 101 5,697

3 77,6 4 9 36 29,171 69 12,18 4 102 5,570

4 75, 249 37 28,376 70 11, 8 8 3 103 5,446

5 72,931 38 27, 5 8 9 71 11,591 104 5,326

6 70,693 39 26,834 72 11,3 07 105 5,208

7 6 8,531 40 2 6,10 3 73 11,0 3 1 106 5,094

8 66,442 41 25,394 74 10,762 107 4,982

9 6 4, 475 42 24,706 75 10,501 10 8 4,873

10 62,475 43 24,039 76 10,247 109 4,767

11 60,592 44 23,393 77 10,000 110 4,663

12 58,771 45 22,766 78 9,760 111 4,562

13 5 7, 012 46 2 2 ,158 79 9,526 112 4,464

14 55 , 311 47 21,568 80 9,298 113 4,368

15 53,667 48 20,996 81 9,077 114 4 ,274

16 52,077 49 20,4 41 82 8,862 11 5 4,1 8 3

17 50,540 50 19,902 83 8, 651 116 4,094

18 49,054 51 19,379 84 8,448 117 4,007

19 47, 6 1 6 52 18,872 85 8,250 118 3,922

20 46,225 53 18,379 86 8,056 119 3,839

21 44,880 54 17, 9 0 2 87 7, 86 8 12 0 3,758

22 43,578 55 17, 4 3 8 88 7,6 8 5 121 3,679

23 42,318 56 16,9 87 89 7, 5 0 7 12 2 3,602

24 41,0 9 9 57 16,550 90 7,333 123 3,527

25 39,920 58 16,12 5 91 7,1 6 4 124 3,453

26 38,778 59 15 ,713 92 7,000 125 3,382

27 37,672 60 15, 312 93 6,839 126 3,312

28 36,602 61 14,9 23 94 6,683 12 7 3,243

29 35,566 62 14,5 45 95 6,531 128 3 ,17 7

30 34,563 63 14 ,17 8 96 6,383 12 9 3 ,112

31 33,591 64 13,822 97 6,238 13 0 3,048

32 32,650 65 13,475 98 6,098

Apply resistance measurements to the chart found below and compare to the control.

32º will have a resistance +/- 1% of 32,650 Ohms.

In the event Celsius is being used, the Fahrenheit temperature will need to be converted.

ºC = (ºF - 32) * 5 / 9 Example using 82ºF

ºC = (82 - 32) * 5 / 9 ºC = (50) * 5 / 9 ºC = 250 / 9 ºC = 27.8

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide

WARNING:

Disconnect all power to unit before servicing. Contactor may break only one side.

Failure to shut off power can cause electrical shock resulting in personal injury or death.

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Unit will not run • Power off or loose electrical connection

• Thermostat set too high or low.

• Unit in active compressor protection

• lockout mode

• Blown fuses/tripped breaker

• Transformer defective

• High-pressure control lock-out

• Low-pressure control lock-out

• Miswiring of communications (communication light on continuously)

• Defective control board

Outdoor fan runs, compressor doesn't

Insufcient cooling • Improperly sized unit

Compressor short cycles

Registers sweat • Low indoor airow • Increase speed of blower or reduce restriction.

High head, low vapor pressures

High head, high or normal vapor pressure – Cooling mode

Low head, high vapor pressures

Low vapor, cool compressor, iced indoor coil

High vapor pressure • Excessive load

Fluctuating head and vapor pressures

Gurgle or pulsing noise at expansion device or liquid line

• Loose connection

• Communication cable disconnected or failed

• Compressor stuck, grounded or open motor winding, open internal overload.

• Low-voltage condition

• Improper indoor airow

• Incorrect refrigerant charge

• Air, noncondensibles, or moisture in system

• Restricted Refrigerant Circuit

• Incorrect voltage

• Improperly sized unit

• Refrigerant undercharge or overcharge

• (LPC or HPC Cycling)

• Restriction in liquid line, expansion device, or

lter drier

• Stuck TXV

• Dirty outdoor coil

• Refrigerant overcharge

• Outdoor fan not running

• Air or noncondensibles in system

• Reversing Valve leaking by

• Bad compressor

• Low indoor airow

• Operating below 55°F outdoors

• Moisture in system

• Low ambient cooling not operating (coil or

ambient thermistor failure)

• Defective compressor

• TXV hunting

• Air or noncondensibles in system

• Undercharge long line application

• Check for correct voltage at line voltage connections in condensing unit.

• Reset – Power cycle high and low voltage to outdoor

• unit.

• Check control board diagnostic codes.

• Replace fuses/reset breaker.

• Check wiring. Replace transformer.

• Reset by cycling power to unit. Also see high head pressure and low suction pressure remedies.

• Check for refrigerant leaks.

• Check communication wiring.

• Check for correct voltage at lter and inverter. Check

and tighten all connections.

• Check control board diagnostic codes.

• Replace

• Recalculate load.

• Check airow. Should be approximately 400 CFM [189

l/s] per ton.

• Charge per procedure attached to unit service panel.

• Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge.

Replace lter drier.

• Locate restriction and clear

• At inverter input terminals, voltage must be between 187-252 VAC when unit is operating.

• Adjust charge per charging chart.

Replace air lter.

• Remove or replace defective component.

• Verify TXV operation.

• Clean coil.

• Correct system charge.

• Repair or replace.

• Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge.

• Verify thermistor and pressure transducer connection and operation

• Replace reversing valve

• Replace compressor.

• Increase speed of blower or reduce restriction.

Replace air lter.

• Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge. Replace

lter drier.

• Recheck load calculation.

• Replace compressor.

• Check thermistor to vapor line connection. Check air distribution on coil.

• Check suction thermistor and pressure transducer operation

• Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge.

• Remove & conrm TXV movement. Clean TXV inside

with nitrogen to remove any debris then reinstall

• Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge.

• Adjust charge per charging chart.

Diagnostics

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts

COMPRESSOR OVERHEATING – HIGH DISCHARGE TEMP

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Low charge Check system charge.

Diagnostics

High superheat (greater than 15°F [-8.3°C] at coil)

Low line voltage

High head pressure

Short cycling of compressor

Verify suction thermistor operation (10k thermistor)

Verify pressure transducer operation input and output voltage

Faulty metering device, inadequate suction thermistor or pressure transducer operation.

High internal load

Restriction in liquid line

Low head pressure

Vapor or liquid line subjected to high heat source

Loose wire connections Check wiring.

Power company problem, transformer Report problem.

Undersized wire feeding unit Correct and complete diagnosis.

Overcharge Check system charge.

Dirty heat pump coil Clean coil.

Faulty or wrong size heat pump fan motor Replace fan motor.

Faulty fan blade or wrong rotation

Recirculation of air Correct installation.

Additional heat source

Noncondensibles Recover refrigerant. Evacuate and recharge system.

Equipment not matched Correct mismatch.

Cycling or faulty pressure control

Loose wiring Check unit wiring.

Thermostat

TXV restricted or not functioning properly

Distributor tube restricted

Replace thermistor.

Replace thermistor and/or harness and/or control board.

Restricted cap tube, TXV

Foreign matter stopping ow

Hot air (attic) entering return

Heat source on; miswired or faulty control

Drier plugged.

Line kinked.

Low charge

Operating in low ambient temperatures

Hot attic

Hot water line

Replace fan blade.

Replace with correct rotation motor.

Check for dryer vent near unit.

Check for recirculation from other equipment.

Check pressure and address cause of high or low pressure. Replace pressure control if faulty.

Located in supply air stream

Differential setting too close

Customer misuse

Internal foreign matter

Pressure transducer failure

Suction thermistor failure

Restricted with foreign matter

Kinked

Inside diameter reduced from previous compressor failure

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts (cont.)

COMPRESSOR OVERHEATING – HIGH DISCHARGE TEMP (cont.)

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Low charge Check system charge.

Short cycling of compressor (cont.)

Low evaporator airow

Faulty internal overload Replace compressor.

ELECTRICAL

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Voltage present on load side of inverter and compressor won't run

187 – 252VAC present at input to inverter

No voltage at input to inverter

Improper voltage

Communication failure from UODC to inver ter.

Compressor windings Check for correct ohms.

Thermostat Check for control voltage to contactor coil.

Compressor control circuit

Blown fuses or tripped circuit breaker Check for short in wiring or unit.

Improper wiring Recheck wiring diagram.

High voltage

Low voltage

FLOODED STARTS

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Liquid in the compressor shell

Too much liquid in system

Faulty stator heat circuit (single leg output to compressor)

Incorrect piping Check piping guidelines.

Overcharge Check and adjust charge.

CONTAMINATION

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Moisture Poor evacuation on installation or during service

High head pressure Noncondensibles air

Unusual head and suction pressure readings

Foreign matter –

copper lings

Copper oxide

Welding scale Nitrogen not used during brazing

Soldering ux Adding ux before seating copper partway

Excess soft solder Wrong solder material

Wrong refrigerant or mixed refrigerants

Copper tubing cuttings

Dirty copper piping or nitrogen not used when brazing

Dirty coil

Dirty lter

Duct too small or restricted

Check communication harness connectors and wire continuity.

High-pressure switch

Low-pressure cut-out

Ambient thermostat

Stater heat is active

Compressor timed off/on control or interlock

Wrong unit

Power supply problem

Wrong unit

Power supply problem

Wiring undersized

Loose connections

Check inverter for single leg output power and correct wiring.

In each case, the cure is the same. Recover refrigerant,

ush system. Add lter driver, evacuate, and recharge.

Diagnostics

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts (cont.)

LOSS OF LUBRICATION

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Compressor failures Vapor line tubing too large Reduce tubing size to improve oil return.

Low suction pressure

Cold, noisy compressor – Slugging

Noisy compressor Migration Check stater heat and compressor thermistor.

Diagnostics

Cold, sweating compressor

Low load

Short cycling of compressor

LIQUID REFRIGERANT SLUGGING

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

On start-up Incorrect piping Review pipe size guidelines.

TXV hunting when running

REFRIGERANT FLOOD BACK

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Poor system control using an TXV

Low charge Check system charge.

Refrigerant leaks Repair and recharge.

Dilution of oil with refrigerant Observe piping guidelines.

Flooding Check system charge.

Dirty lter

Reduced airow

Thermostat setting Advise customer.

Cycling or faulty high or low pressure control

Loose wiring Check all control wires.

Thermostat

Faulty TXV components

Bad pressure reading Check transducer wiring.

Suction thermistor in wrong location Relocate thermistor.

Bad suction thermistor Replace thermistor.

Dirty coil

Wrong duct size

Restricted duct

Check pressure and address cause of any abnormal pressure. Replace control if faulty.

In supply air stream, out of calibration

Customer misuse

Check TXV, suction pressure transducer, and suction thermistor for operation.

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts (cont.)

THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVES

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Recover charge, replace lter-drier, evacuate system,

recharge.

Remove restriction in liquid line. Correct the refrigerant charge.

Remove noncondensible gases.

Size liquid line correctly.

Verify suction thermistor resistance is correct and properly attached and insulated to the vapor line.

After verifying lack of connectivity, replace the pressure transducer or harness.

If harness has a short, replace harness

If gauge pressure measurement and the converted voltage readings at the control are different replace pressure transducer

If gauge pressure measurement and the converted voltage readings at the control are the same, replace the control.

Remove TXV from the system and purge with nitrogen,

replace lter drier, and recharge.

If none of the above recties the issue, replace TXV and lter drier

and recharge.

Verify 5Vdc to pressure transducer is present. If not, replace UODC.

Recover refrigerant, replace lter-drier, evacuate system, and

recharge.

Recover refrigerant, replace lter-drier, remove TXV

and purge with nitrogen, evacuate system, and recharge.

If TXV is completely clogged use the UODC to open the

TXV, and purge with nitrogen, replace lter drier, and recharge.

Install suction thermistor with the provided stainless steel strap and an additional zip tie between the 10:00 and 2:00 position on suction line, with insulation.

Verify suction thermistor resistance is correct and properly attached and insulated to the vapor line.

After verifying lack of connectivity, replace the pressure transducer or harness.

If harness has a short, replace harness.

If gauge pressure measurement and the converted voltage readings at the control are different replace pressure transducer.

If gauge pressure measurement and the conver ted voltage readings at the control are the same, replace the control.

High Superheat, Low Suction Pressure (superheat over 15°F [8.3°C])

Valve feeds too much refrigerant, with low superheat, with low superheat and higher than normal suction pressure.

Moisture freezing and blocking valve

Dirt or foreign material blocking valve Recover charge, replace lter-drier, evacuate system, recharge

Low refrigerant charge Correct the charge.

Vapor bubbles in liquid line

Undersized TXV Replace with correct valve.

Incorrectly sensing vapor line temperature

Suction thermistor incorrectly calibrated. Replace suction thermistor assembly.

Vapor pressure measured incorrectly.

TXV is stuck

UODC DC circuit failed

High superheat adjustment Change the superheat offset dip switches to increase superheat.

Moisture causing valve to stick open.

Dirt or foreign material causing valve to stick open

Oversized TXV Install correct TXV.

Incorrect suction thermistor location

Low superheat adjustment Change the superheat offset dip switches to increase superheat.

Incorrectly sensing vapor line temperature

Suction thermistor incorrectly calibrated. Replace suction thermistor assembly.

Vapor pressure measured incorrectly.

Diagnostics

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts (cont.)

THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVES (cont.)

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Dirty lter

Dirty coil

Wrong duct size

Restricted duct

Install trap riser to the top of the evaporator coil.

Recover refrigerant, replace lter-drier, evacuate

system, and recharge.

Check for blocked distributor tubes.

Ensure blower is moving proper air CFM.

Remove/Correct any airow restriction.

Relocate sensing bulb in another position around the circumference of the suction line.

Ensure sensing bulb is located properly.

Check for blocked distributor tubes.

Recover refrigerant, change lter-drier, evacuate

system, and recharge.

Connect pressure transducer in proper location, or remove any blockage.

Install suction line thermistor in correct horizontal clean section of copper pipe.

Replace suction line thermistor.

Low load

Compressor ood

Diagnostics

back upon start-up

Superheat is low to normal with low suction pressure

Superheat and suction pressure

uctuate (valve

is hunting)

Valve does not regulate at all

Reduced airow

Thermostat setting Advise customer.

Refrigerant drainage from ooded evaporator

Inoperable stator heat

Unequal evaporator circuit loading

Low load or airow entering evaporator coil

Expansion valve is oversized. Install correct TXV

Section thermistor is affected by liquid refrigerant

or refrigerant oil owing through suction line

Unequal refrigerant ow through evaporator

circuit

Moisture freezing and partially blocking TXV

Pressure transducer not connected or plugged

Suction line thermistor not connected, or installed on heat effected zone.

Suction line thermistor failed (continuity to control, wire damaged, resistance values incorrect)

9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING

9.4 Troubleshooting Tips

Cooling Mode Trouble Shooting Tips

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

PROBLEM

Overcharge

Undercharge

Liquid Restriction

(Filter Drier)

Low Indoor Airow

Dirty Outdoor Coil

Low Outdoor

Ambient Temperature

Inefcient

Compressor

Bad Indoor Suction

Pressure Transducer or

Faulty Measurement

Poorly Insulated

Indoor Vapour Line

Thermistor or Bad

Thermistor

DISCHARGE

PRESSURE

High High Low High

Low Low High Low

Low Low High High

Low Low Low Low

High High Low Low

Low Low High High

Low High High High

Low Low High High

High High Low Low

SUCTION

PRESSURE

SUPERHEAT

Normal: 5°–15°F

[2.8° – 8.3°C]

SUBCOOLING

Normal: See

Charging Chart

Diagnostics

Heating Mode Trouble Shooting Tips

INDICATORS

SYSTEM

PROBLEM

Overcharge

Undercharge

Liquid Restriction

(Filter Drier)

Low Outdoor Airow

Dirty Indoor Coil High High Low Low

Low Indoor Ambient

Temperature

Inefcient

Compressor

Bad Outdoor Suction

Pressure Transducer or

Faulty Measurement

Poorly Insulated

Outdoor Vapour Line

Thermistor or Bad

Thermistor

DISCHARGE

PRESSURE

High High OK High

Low Low OK or High Low

Low Low High High

Low Low Low Low

Low Low OK High

Low High High High

Low Low High High

High High Low Low

SUCTION

PRESSURE

SUPERHEAT

Normal: 5°–15°F

[2.8° – 8.3°C]

Charging Chart

SUBCOOLING

Normal: See

10.0 OUTDOOR UNIT MAINTENANCE

10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning

The outdoor fan draws air across the coil during operation which results in contaminants collecting on and between the aluminum fins. These contaminants restrict the air-flow through the coil resulting in reduced capacity and efficiency and increases the temperature of the components that can reduce their life. Therefore, it is recommended that the outdoor coil be cleaned at least annually by a qualified service technician using a non- corrosive coil cleaner and low pressure water hose sprayer. Care must be taken not to damage or flatten out the fins by spraying the fins from an angle. Washing from the top of the coil down

10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care

Annual cleaning of the exterior cabinet is recommended using a mild detergent, water, and cloth/sponge to remove dust, mold, and potentially corrosive contaminants that have collected on the cabinet. It is also recommended to apply a good quality automotive wax to the painted metal cabinet parts annually to protect the finish and to restore the gloss of the paint. Do not apply wax to the plastic parts.

from the inside out is the most effective method of cleaning the coil. The exterior louver panels and unit top are easily removable to facilitate the coil cleaning task.

WARNING: Disconnect electrical power to the unit before removing the top panel or any electrical panel as the fan motor could start at any time and live electrical connections will be exposed.

10.3 Motor Lubrication

The ball bearings in the outdoor motor are prelubricated by the motor manufacturer and do

Maintenance

not have oiling ports. The motor will run for an indefinite period of time without additional lubrication.

10.4 Replacement Parts

Any replacement part used to replace parts originally supplied on equipment must be the same as or an approved alternate to the original part supplied. The manufacturer will not be responsible for replacement parts not designed to physically fit or operate within the design parameters the original parts were selected for.

11.1 Wiring Diagram - Heat pump

WIRING INFORMATION

-REPLACEMENT WIRE

-MUST BE THE SAME SIZE AND TYPE

AND CONFORM TO I.E.C., N.E.C., C.E.C.,

OF INSULATION AS ORIGINAL (105C. MIN.)

-FIELD INSTALLED

-FACTORY STANDARD

LOW VOLTAGE

-FACTORY STANDARD

LINE VOLTAGE

NOTES

COMP

-FIELD INSTALLED

-FACTORY OPTION

PRESSURE

RELIEF

WARNING

-CABINET MUST BE PERMANENTLY GROUNDED

VALVE

11.0 WIRING DIAGRAM

PR......PURPLE

G........GREEN

WIRE COLOR CODE

NATIONAL WIRING REGULATIONS, AND LOCAL

CODES AS APPLICABLE.

BK......BLACK

BRUSGLESS DC

COMPONENT CODES

BLDC

DISCHARGE

TEMP. SENSOR

COIL

TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION

R........RED

W .......WHITE

Y........YELLOW

GY......GRAY

O........ORANGE

BR......BROWN

BL.......BLUE

CAPACITOR

COMMON

COMPRESSOR

DISCHARGE LINE THERMISTOR

CAP

COM

COMP

DLT

LIQUID

TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION

TRANSDUCER

LIQUID

TRANSDUCER

DIAGRAM

M1 MID-TIER

ELECTRICAL

WIRING/SCHEMATIC

GROUND

HIGH PRESSURE CONTROL

HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH

OUTDOOR AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

GND

HPC

HPS

OAT

HPC

RVS

REV:PART NO.:

90-109024-01

OUTDOOR FAN MOTOR

PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE

PERMANENT SPLIT CAPACITOR

REVERSING VALVE SOLENOID

TERMINAL BLOCK

OFM

PRV

PSC

RVS

MOTOR

PSC (BLDC) FAN

FERRITERING

J15

J17

5 WIRES

TO COMM

WIRING/SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

FERRITERING

L1 T1

CONTACTOR

L2 T2

BK/Y

5 WIRES

TO COMM

BK/Y

O/R

CAP

A1 A2

J120

BK R Y BK/Y

COII

RELAY

J03-02

J130

J03-01

MODBUS P1 ON VSODU

J130 ON

MODBUS

J16

DRIVE

INVERTER

DRIVE

INVERTER

(UODC)

J110

OAT

OUTDOOR

UNIVERSAL

CONTROLLER

123

3 (s)

2 (c)

1 (m)

MAIN CABINET

CONTROL BOX

P3P7P6

INDOOR SECTION

LOW VOLTAGE T-STAT

WIRING TO T-STAT AND

HPS

COM

GND

PRV

Wiring Diagram

BR (R)

P302

BK (W)

O (BK)

LUG

GROUND

L2 L1 GND

BK/Y

11.0 WIRING DIAGRAM

11.2 Wiring Diagram - Air Conditioner

WIRING INFORMATION

-FACTORY STANDARD

LINE VOLTAGE

NOTES

COMP

-FIELD INSTALLED

-FACTORY OPTION

-FACTORY STANDARD

LOW VOLTAGE

VALVE

RELIEF

PRESSURE

-FIELD INSTALLED

-REPLACEMENT WIRE

-MUST BE THE SAME SIZE AND TYPE

OF INSULATION AS ORIGINAL (105C. MIN.)

WARNING

AND CONFORM TO I.E.C., N.E.C., C.E.C.,

NATIONAL WIRING REGULATIONS, AND LOCAL

CODES AS APPLICABLE.

-CABINET MUST BE PERMANENTLY GROUNDED

DISCHARGE

TEMP. SENSOR

COIL

COMPONENT CODES WIRE COLOR CODE

TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION

PR......PURPLE

R........RED

W .......WHITE

Y........YELLOW

G........GREEN

GY......GRAY

O........ORANGE

BK......BLACK

BR......BROWN

BL.......BLUE

BRUSHLESS DC

CAPACITOR

COMMON

COMPRESSOR

BLDC

CAP

COM

COMP

TEMP. SENSOR

LIQUID

TEMP. SENSOR

SUCTION

TRANSDUCER

DIAGRAM

ELECTRICAL

DISCHARGE LINE THERMISTOR

GROUND

DLT

GND

LIQUID

TRANSDUCER

M1 MID-TIER AC

WIRING/SCHEMATIC

HIGH PRESSURE CONTROL

HIGH PRESSURE SWITCH

OUTDOOR AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

OUTDOOR FAN MOTOR

PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE

HPC

HPS

OAT

OFM

PRV

HPC

PSC (BLDC) FAN

0490-109070-01

REV:PART NO.:

PERMANENT SPLIT CAPACITOR

REVERSING VALVE SOLENOID

TERMINAL BLOCK

PSC

RVS

MOTOR

Wiring Diagram

FERRITERING

J15

J17

J16

5 WIRES

TO COMM

J130 ON

MODBUS

DRIVE

INVERTER

WIRING/SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

O/RY

CAP

CONTACTOR

L1 T1

FERRITERING

L2 T2

BK/Y

5 WIRES

TO COMM

MODBUS P1 ON VSODU

BK/Y

A1 A2

BK/Y

J120

BK R Y

COIl

J130

RELAY

DRIVE

INVERTER

J03-02

J03-01

(UODC)

J110

OAT

OUTDOOR

UNIVERSAL

123

P3P7P6

CONTROLLER

P302

3 (s)

2 (c)

1 (m)

MAIN CABINET

CONTROL BOX

INDOOR SECTION

LOW VOLTAGE T-STAT

WIRING TO T-STAT AND

HPS

COM

GND

PRV

BR (R)

BK (W)

O (BK)

LUG

GROUND

L2 L1 GND

BK/Y

Air Handler

Communicating

Thermostat

Heat Pump/

Air Conditioner

Field-Installed

AUX

N.C. Switch

Coil

Communicating

Thermostat

Heat Pump

Field-Installed Factory Standard

AUX

EcoNet

Enabled Furnace

N.C. Switch

12.0 APPENDIX

12.1 Agency Performance Audit Test Instructions

Performance audit testing a (-)A15AZ/(-)P16AZ/ (-)A16AZ variable speed outdoor unit's rated combination requires an EcoNet™ Control Center (according to the AHRI rating database) as an accessory to obtain the rated performance. Utilize the following instructions to properly operate the system during audit tests.

1. Install the rated system consistent with this manual and ASHRAE 37.

2. Leak check and charge the rated system per the instructions found in this manual.

3. Wire the outdoor unit, indoor air mover/furnace, indoor coil TXV control (when necessary), and EcoNet™ Control Center according to the following wiring diagrams.

5. Once each control is powered turn off the

a. Pressing the “Settings” button on the home

b. Once in the “humidity” screen, select “Yes”

c. To turn dehumidification off press the orange

Dehumidification feature:

screen followed by pressing the “humidity” button.

next to the “Enable Dehumidification ?” label.

4. Supply high and low voltage to the system.

up or blue down arrows once.

d. The “Yes” should turn to a value of “No.”

6. Once the dehumidification feature is turned off, the Aux 1 configuration needs to be set to normally closed (N.C.) as to permit a closed switch attached to the Aux 1 contacts to keep the system operating. Thereby an open switch would indicate to the system to shut down:

a. Press the back arrow in the bottom left of

the dehumidification screen to return to the “settings” screen.

b. Press the “installer” button in the bottom right

corner of the “settings” screen. c. Press the “air handler” or “furnace” button. d. Once in the “air handler settings” or “furnace

settings” screen select “N.C.” next to the “Aux

Input #1 Config” label. e. Change the “Aux #1 Config” type to “N.C.” by

pressing the orange up or blue down arrows at

the bottom of the screen twice. f. Select “Off” next to the “Aux Input #1 Config”

label. g. Change the “Aux #1 Config” value from “Off”

to “Shutdown” by pressing the orange up

button at the bottom of the screen two times.

After each press of the orange up button the

value next to the “Aux #1 Config” label should

change.

7. Entering the Test Mode

a. Press the back arrow in the bottom left of the

screen 3 times to return to the home screen

showing the inside temperature. b. Press the “Service” button on the home screen. c. Press the “ODU check-out” button in the

bottom right corner of the “service” screen to

enter the “installer checkout” screen. d. Select the desired mode of operation by

pressing “Off” next to the “Var Speed ODU

Test” label and then the orange up arrow or

blue down arrow at the bottom of the “installer

checkout” screen. NOTE: Any faults must be resolved before the

system will start. See the troubleshooting guide

in this manual for assistance. NOTE: If the unit does not start when the

“start” button is pushed verify the switch

attached to the Aux 1 input on the air handler

or furnace control board is closed and no

alarms are active. NOTE: In order to change from heating mode

to cooling mode or vice versa the system must

first be turned off by pressing the blue down

Appendix

12.0 APPENDIX

12.1 Agency Performance Audit Test Instructions (cont.)

button until “stop test” appears at the bottom of the “installer checkout” screen. Then press the “Stop” button.

8. Cycle Testing a. The Aux #1 configuration performed

above permits a N.C. set of contacts to be connected to these terminals on the air handler or the furnace controls.

b. When performing the optional AHRI cycle

tests, the Aux #1 terminals should be used to turn the unit on and off.

c. When the system is desired to be operating

the air handler or furnace control should sense continuity between the Aux #1 and Aux C terminals. This continuity will tell the system to turn on and the Test Mode selection outlined in step 7 above identifies the mode and stage of operation.

d. When the unit is desired to be off/not

Appendix

operating the air handler or furnace control should sense an open state between the Aux #1 and the Aux C terminals.

9. Exiting the Test Mode NOTE: While the test mode is active the

thermostat will not permit return to the home screen.

a. To turn the unit off either press the blue

down button until “stop test” appears at the bottom of the screen and then press “stop test” on the “installer checkout” screen or open the normally closed switch attached to the air handler or furnace Aux 1 inputs.

NOTE: Once the unit is requested to shut

down there is a 4 min. delay during which the test mode cannot be changed.

IMPORTANT: The minimum run and minimum off timers built into the UODC will be active while operating in the test mode.

b. Opening the N.C. contact will not exit the test

mode, but will permit the system to perform a soft shutdown.

c. In order for the system to return to normal

operating mode press the “Stop” button on the “installer checkout” screen and then press the back arrow in the bottom left hand side of the screen two times. This will return the thermostat to the home screen.

CM 1122

Rheem R-410A Installation Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual