Nikon D5100 Reference guide (full instructions) [ar]

ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﻲﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

Ar

ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ .Nikon ﻦﻣ (SLR) ﺔﺴﻜﻌﻨﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻴﺣﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻚﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟ ﹰﺍﺮﻜﺷ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ

ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰎ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﲢ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺜﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺘﻟ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﳊﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ

.ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰎ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺽﺍﺮﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺴﻔﺘﻟﺍ

.ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺻﺎﺧ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻠﻟ 11 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ A

.(xv–x 0) "ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ" ﺏﺎﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺃﺮﻗﺍ ،ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

D

A

0

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ

.................................................. ﺄﻄﳋﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ

0

224

.................ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ

0

220

ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺃ

:ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺴﻔﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ

.............................................. ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﶈﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

iv 0

i

.................................... ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

ii 0

i

.......................................................... ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ

0

237

i
i
i

25

35

61

99

107

115

123

137

149

151

156

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

(ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ

M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

ﺔﺼﺼﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

X
s
z
t
x
y

%

I
Q
o
i
L

167

176

192

197

i

0

0

0

0

ﻲﺘﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

/ ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

v

ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

g
u
w
n

0

29–26

63
64
66

49–47

53–50

ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

."ﺏﺍﻮﳉﺍﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺴﻟﺍ" ﺱﺮﻬﻓ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ

ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ

ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

؟i ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻓ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻ ﺔﻠﻬﺳﻭ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺳ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻞﻫ

؟ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺍ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺮﺴﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ34–30

؟ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ121–115

؟(S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ

؟(A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ

؟(M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ("ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ") ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻛ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﻋ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻟ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ78

؟(ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ106–99

؟ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ109–107

ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

؟ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻲﻠﺴﻠﺴﺗ ﻝﺪﻌﲟ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻝﺪﻌﲟ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ35

؟ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ37

؟ﺔﺋﺩﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺪﺟﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﻦﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ35

ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ

؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ42 ،39

؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ43

ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣﻭ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

؟ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﺣﺄﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

؟ﻪﻣﺎﺘﻗ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻋﻮﻄﺳ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ70

؟ﻉﻮﻄﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻈﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ76 ،74

ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

؟ﺔﺟﺎﳊﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﹰﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺀﻲﻀﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ

؟ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟"ﺀﺍﺮﻤﳊﺍ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ" ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺐﻨﲡ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ

i

i

i

i

i

i

0

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻑﺬﳊﺍ

i

i

ii

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ123

؟ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ128–124

؟ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ136

؟ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ148–146

؟ﺄﻄﳋﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺢﺴﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ132

؟ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﻮﻏﺮﳌﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ135–133

0

ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ

؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ191–176

؟"ﺀﺍﺮﻤﳊﺍ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ" ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ178

؟RAW (NEF) ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ JPEG ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ183

؟ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻳﻮﻜﺘﻟ ﹰﺎﻌﻣ NEF (RAW) ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﲔﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ182–181

؟ﺔﺣﻮﻟ ﺎﻬﻧﺄﻛﻭ ﻭﺪﺒﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ186

؟ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ113–111

0

0

0

206

209

ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ

؟ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ6–5

؟ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ13–11

؟ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﺑ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ171 ،19

؟ﻕﻼﻏﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ160

؟ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ23

؟ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ103

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺳ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ170 ،19

؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ22

؟ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ157 ،152 ،58

؟ﺓﺭﺎﻔﺻ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺭﺍﺪﺻﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﳌ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﻫ161

؟ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ224 ،11

؟ﺐﺳﺎﳊﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻒﻴﻛ138–137

؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﻃﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ145–139

؟ﻱﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻞﻫ163 ،145 ،141

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ207

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ197

؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ (ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﻀﻟﺍ) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ202

؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ

؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ

؟ﻖﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺀﺎﻄﻐﺑ ﻞﻌﻓﺃ ﺍﺫﺎﻣ38

؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻈﻧﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ

؟ﺡﻼﺻﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ

ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﳝ ﻦﻳﺃ

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

iii

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﶈﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ

ii ............................................................................................................................ ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ

x .................................................................................................................................ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

xii ......................................................................................................................................... ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

1 ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

1 ...........................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

1 ...................................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

3 ......................................................................................................................................ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

4 ............................................................................................................................................ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

5 ..................................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

7 .................................................................................................................................... ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

10 .................................................................................................................................... ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ

11 ................................................................................................................................. ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ

12 ..................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

14 .................................................................................................................................ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﳋﺍ

14 ...............................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ

15 ..................................................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ

17 .................................................................................................................................... ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺐﻛﺭ

19 ............................................................................................................................. ﻲﺳﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

21 .......................................................................................................................... ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻝﺎﺧﺩﺇ

22 .......................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ

23 ..................................................................................................... ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﳌ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

25 ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ

25 ......................................................................................................ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺳﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ

26 ..............................................................................(j ﻭ i ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ) "ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﺏﻮﺻ" ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

30 ......................................................................................................(ﺪﻬﺸﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ) ﻲﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

30 ...................................................................................................................................ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

30 ......................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ k

30 ........................................................................................................................ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ l

31 .....................................................................................................................................ﻞﻔﻃ p

31 .........................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ﺏﺎﻌﻟﺃ m

31 ....................................................................................................................................ﺏﺮﻘﻣ n

32 .................................................................................................................................. ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ

32 .............................................................................................................ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻟ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ o

32 ................................................................................................................ ﻲﻠﻴﻟ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ r

32 .................................................................................................................. ﻰﻨﺒﳌﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ/ﺔﻠﻔﺣ s

33 ............................................................................................................................ﺞﻠﺛ/ﺊﻃﺎﺷ t

33 .....................................................................................................................................ﺏﻭﺮﻏ u

33 ........................................................................................................................ﺮﺠﻔﻟﺍ/ﻖﺴﻐﻟﺍ v

iv

33 ...................................................................................................ﻒﻴﻟﺃ ﻥﺍﻮﻴﳊ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ w

34 ..........................................................................................................................ﺔﻌﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ x

34 ...................................................................................................................................... ﺭﺎﻫﺯﺃ y

34 ........................................................................................................................... ﻒﻳﺮﳋﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻟﺃ z

34 ...................................................................................................................................ﺔﻤﻌﻃﺃ A

35 (ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

35 .................................................................................................................................... ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

37 ..............................................................................................ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

39 ....................................................................................................................................... ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ

39 ......................................................................................................................... ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

42 ............................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

43 ..............................................................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

44 ....................................................................................................................................ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

45 .......................................................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ

47 ......................................................................................................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣﻭ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

47 ................................................................................................................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

49 .................................................................................................................................. ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

50 .................................................................................................................. ﺞﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

51 ................................................................................................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

54 .................................................................................................................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

56 .......................................................................................................................ﻲﻨﻣﺯ ﻞﺻﺎﻔﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

58 .......................................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ

61 M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

61 ..................................................................................................................... ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

62 .........................................................................................................(ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ) P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

63 .........................................................................................................(ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ) S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

64 .......................................................................................................(ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﺔﺤﺘﻓ) A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

65 ............................................................................................................................. (ﻱﻭﺪﻳ) M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

68 .............................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

68 ............................................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﳌﺍ

69 ....................................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ

70 ................................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

72 ............................................................................................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

74 ....................................................................................... ﻞﻈﻟﺍﻭ ﻉﻮﻄﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ

74 ..........................................................................................................................ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

76 ........................................................................................................... (HDR) ﻊﻔﺗﺮﻣ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩ ﻯﺪﻣ

v

78 ....................................................................................................................... ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ

81 .................................................................................................................................... ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

83 .......................................................................................................... ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺘﻟ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ

84 ...........................................................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﺿ

88 .......................................................................................................................................... ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ

91 ................................................................................................ (ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ) Picture Controls

91 .................................................................................................................... Picture Control ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

92 ....................................................................................................................Picture Control ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

95 ......................................................................................... ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﺍ Picture Controls ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

97 .................................................................................. ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ Picture Controls ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ

99 ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

99 .......................................................................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ

100 ........................................................................................... ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ

107 ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

107 .................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ

110 ...................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

111 .................................................................................................................................... ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ

111 ................................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ

113 .....................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ

115 ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

115 ................................................................................................... ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

116 ............................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻟ ﺔﻳﺅﺭ E

116 ..................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻂﻄﺨﻣ g

116 ......................................................................................................................... ﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ F

117 ......................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ v

117 ..........................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﻠﻇ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ B

117 .....................................................................................................................ﺔﻌﻃﺎﺳ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ C

117 ........................................................................................................................ﺔﺘﻓﺎﺧ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ D

118 ................................................................................................... ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﳋﺍ

123 ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ

123 ........................................................................................................................ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

124 ...........................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

129 ......................................................................................................................... ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ

130 .................................................................................................................................. ﱘﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

131 .................................................................................................. ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻡﻭﺯ :ﺔﺑﺮﻘﻣ ﺓﺮﻈﻧ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺇ

132 ................................................................................................................. ﻑﺬﳊﺍ ﺪﺿ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ

vi

133 ......................................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

133 ......................................................................... ﱘﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﻭ ،ﺓﺮﻐﺼﳌﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ،ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

134 .............................................................................................................................ﺓﺪﻫﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

136 .................................................................................................................................. ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ

137 ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ

137 .......................................................................................................................... ﺐﺳﺎﳊﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

137 ......................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ

138 .............................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

139 ....................................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

139 ............................................................................................................................ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

140 ...................................................................................................... ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻮﻠﺗ ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

142 ............................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ

144 .........................................................................................ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ :DPOF ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﻣﺃ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

146 .......................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

146 ................................................................................................................. ﻲﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

147 ...........................................................................................................ﺡﻮﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

149 ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ

149 ......................................................................................................... ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ :ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ D

149 ............................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ

150 ...............................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

150 ..........................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ

150 ............................................................................................................................ﺎﻴﻟﻮﻃ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺘﻟﺍ

151 ................................................................................................ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ :ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ C

152 ........................................................................................................ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

152 .......................................................................................................................... ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ

153 ............................................................................................................... ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻢﻜﲢ

153 ........................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ

154 ........................................................................................................... NR ﻞﻳﻮﻃ ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ

154 .............................................................................................................................ﻝﺎﻋ ISO NR

155 ............................................................................................................. ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

156 ................................................................ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ :ﺔﺼﺼﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ A

157 ................................................................................................. ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

158 ...................................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ :a

158 ..............................................................................................................AF-C ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ :a1

158 ..........................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ :a2

159 ..........................................................................................................................ﻯﺪﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ :a3

159 .......................................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ :b

159 .......................................................................................... EV ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻢﻜﲢ :b1

159 ...................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ/ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ :c

159 ............................................................................................ﻞﻔﻗ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﺭﺰﻟ L- ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ :c1

160 ..................................................................................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ :c2

vii

160 ..........................................................................................................................ﻲﺗﺍﺫ ﺖﻗﺆﻣ :c3

161 ................................................................................. ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻣ :c4

161 ......................................................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ/ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :d

161 ........................................................................................................................ ﺮﻴﻔﺻ ﺕﻮﺻ :d1

161 ...........................................................................................................................ISO ﺽﺮﻋ :d2

162 ..............................................................................................................ﻒﻠﳌﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﺴﻠﺴﺗ :d3

162 ...............................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ :d4

163 .....................................................................................................................ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ :d5

164 ............................................................................................ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ/ﺏﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ :e

164 ....................................................................................... ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻠﻟ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ :e1

165 .........................................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻂﺒﺿ :e2

165 .......................................................................................................... ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ :f

165 ...................................................................................................................Fn/E ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﲔﻴﻌﺗ :f1

166 ........................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ/ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻞﻔﻗ ﺭﺯ ﲔﻴﻌﺗ :f2

166 .......................................................................................... ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﻲﺴﻜﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺘﻟﺍ :f3

166 ....................................................................................................... ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﻞﻔﻗ :f4

166 .................................................................................................................ﺔﻴﺴﻜﻋ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ :f5

167 ....................................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ B

168 ....................................................................................................................... ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻄﺳ

168 ..............................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ

170 ....................................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

170 ............................................................................................................................ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

170 .......................................................................................................................ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ

170 .......................................................................................................... ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻴﻗﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ

171 .................................................................................................................... (Language) ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ

171 ...................................................................................................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ

172 ..................................................................................................................ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

172 ...................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﻊﻘﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ

174 .........................................................................................................................................GPS

175 ........................................................................................................................... Eye-Fi ﻞﻴﻤﲢ

175 ..............................................................................................................ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ

176 .......................................................................................... ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ :ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ N

177 ...................................................................................................................... ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ

178 ...............................................................................................................................D-Lighting

178 ............................................................................................................... ﺀﺍﺮﻤﳊﺍ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ

179 ..................................................................................................................................... ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ

179 ...............................................................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ

180 ..........................................................................................................................ﺢﺷﺮﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺆﻣ

181 ................................................................................................................................ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

181 ...........................................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺍﺮﺗ

183 .................................................................................................................. NEF (RAW) ﺔﳉﺎﻌﻣ

184 ............................................................................................................................. ﻢﺠﳊﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

185 .............................................................................................................................ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ

185 ...................................................................................................................................... ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ

185 .......................................................................................................................... ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﲢ

186 ............................................................................................................................ﺔﻜﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﲔﻋ

viii

186 ........................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ

186 ........................................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻂﻄﺨﻣ

187 .............................................................................................................................. ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ﻢﻜﲢ

188 .............................................................................................................................. ﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ

189 .............................................................................................................................. ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

191 ............................................................................................................... ﺐﻨﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﺒﻨﺟ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ

192 ...................................................................................................... ﻲﺘﻤﺋﺎﻗ O/ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ m

192 ..........................................................................................................................................ﻲﺘﻤﺋﺎﻗ

197 ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

197 .........................................................................................................................ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

197 ........................................................................................... ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﳌﺍ CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

199 ..................................................................................... ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﳌﺍ CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ

202 ..........................................................................................(Speedlights) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ

203 .......................................................................................... Nikon ﻦﻣ (CLS) ﻲﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ

206 ..........................................................................................................................ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ

207 ............................................................................................................... ﺓﺪﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ

208 ......................................................................................ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ

209 ............................................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

209 ........................................................................................................................................ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ

209 ...................................................................................................................................... ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ

210 .............................................................................................................ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﺷﺮﻣ

214 .............................................................................................. ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ :ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ

216 ............................................................................................................................ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

218 .......................................................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﻌﺳ

219 ............................................................................................... (P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ

220 ........................................................................................................ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ

220 ...............................................................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

220 .................................................................................................................... (ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻞﻛ) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

222 .....................................................................................................................(M ,A ,S ,P) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

223 ............................................................................................................................................ ﺽﺮﻋ

223 ............................................................................................................................ﺔﻗﺮﻔﺘﻣ ﻞﻛﺎﺸﻣ

224 .................................................................................................................................. ﺄﻄﳋﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ

227 ......................................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﳌﺍ

236 ................................................................................................................................ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﻋ

237 .........................................................................................................................................ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ

ix

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ،ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺮﻄﳋ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ Nikon ﺞﺘﻨﲟ ﺭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﳊﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ

.ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﲢ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻗﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

.ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ

ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ،ﺔﻨﻜﳑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻝﺪﻳ

.ﺍﺬﻫ Nikon

ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ❚❚

ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻚﻔﺗ ﻻ

ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﺲﳌ

ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺢﻴﻠﺼﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻞﻄﻋ ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ

ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﻉﺰﻧﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺙﺩﺎﳊ ﻭﺃ ﻁﻮﻘﺴﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺋﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺭﻮﻬﻇﻭ

ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ

ﺪﻗ ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻒﻟ

ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •

ﻪﺒﻴﺼﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺺﺨﺷ ﲔﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •
ﻲﺧﻮﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺖﻗﺆﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ

ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻊﺿﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺬﳊﺍ

.ﻑﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻞﻘﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ

ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﳊﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﺲﳌ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗﻭ ﺭﻮﺴﻜﳌﺍ ﺝﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

.ﻢﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻮﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ

.ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻫﺆﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ Nikon ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

.ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻼﻟ ﻪﺿﺮﻌﻳ

ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﺒﺘﻧﺍ

.ﻕﻭﺮﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺀﺎﻴﺷﺃ

A

ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟﺍ

ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻴﻔﻠﳋﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ

ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ

ﻦﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺍﺩ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ

A

ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﲟ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

A

A

ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﻚﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺭﺬﺣ ﻦﻛ

ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ﲔﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻨﻴﻌﺑ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﲟ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ

ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻄﻋ ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ

ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧﺍ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

،(ﺩﺮﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ) ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ

ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ .ﻕﻭﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺐﻨﺠﺘﻟ ﺭﺬﳊﺍ ﻲﺧﻮﺗ

ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ Nikon ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ

،ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ A

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﺗ ﻻ

.ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

.ﺄﻄﳋﺎﺑ ﻚﻨﻴﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻌﺒﺻﺇ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﻻ ﻰﺘﺣ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺚﻴﺣ

A

A

A

A

.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ

A

ﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﻆﻔﲢ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ

.ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ

A

x

ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ

ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﹰﺎﻓﺎﺟ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ •

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻲﻓ

ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺾﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺒﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ •

ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .(ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ

.ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺳ

ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﳌﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺔﺑﺮﺗﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ •

ﺵﺎﻤﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ

ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺭ ﺔﻔﺻﺎﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﺘﻘﺗ ﻻ •

ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ

ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻠﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺪﻳﺄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ •

ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﻦﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻻ •

ﻰﻟﺇ ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﻮﲢ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻄﻟﻮﻓ

ﻒﻠﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ

.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ

ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺝﺮﳋﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﺒﻘﲟ ﻙﻼﺳﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ

ﻦﻣ Nikon ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ ﻞﺟﺃ

ﻦﻜﳝ ﻻ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﻭﺃ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﲢ

.ﺹﺍﺮﻗﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻐﺸﺗ

ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ

.ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﺣ ﺪﻘﻓ

.ﺔﻓﺎﺟ
.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ

.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ

ﺔﺠﻣﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ

A

A

A

ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ A

ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ

ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺎﻬﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ

:ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ

ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺔﺼﺼﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •

ﻭﺃ (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﲔﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ •

ﺍﺫﺇ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ •

.ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﺖﻨﻛ

.ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻮﻠﻘﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻝﻭﺎﲢ ﻻ •

.ﺔﻃﺮﻔﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻻ •

.ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺮﻤﻐﺗ ﻻ •

ﻞﻘﻨﺗ ﻻ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ •

ﻭﺃ ﺪﺋﻼﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃ ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺨﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺮﻌﺸﻟﺍ ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ

ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻐﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺿﺮﻋ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ •

ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ ﻦﻣ

ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ •

.ﻑﺎﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺧﻭ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ •

ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺓﺪﺘﳑ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ

ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ

.ﺩﺮﺒﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺎﻬﻛﺮﺗﺍﻭ

ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ •

.ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺃ

ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ

.ﺎﻬﻜﻜﻔﺗ

.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

xi

ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﺗ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ Nikon ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ •

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻛﻭ ﺔﻗﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺩﻮﻬﳉﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻝﺬﺑ ﰎ ﲔﺣ ﻲﻓ •

ﺀﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﻱﺄﺑ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺈﺑ ﺐﺣﺮﻧ ﺎﻨﻧﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ

ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ) ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ Nikon ﻞﺜﳑ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﻓﺎﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

.(ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻣ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻻ •

ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺰﺨﺗ ،ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻳﻮﲢ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ

ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻱﺄﺑ ،ﻞﻜﺷ ﻱﺄﺑ ﺔﻐﻟ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺟﺮﺗ

.Nikon ﻦﻣ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ

ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻖﳊﺎﺑ Nikon ﻆﻔﺘﲢ •

ﻥﻭﺪﺑﻭ ﺖﻗﻭ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ

.ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﺭﺎﻄﺧﺇ

xii

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ

،ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺢﺳﺎﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﰎ ﺩﺍﻮﲟ ﻅﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺩﺮ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ

.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ

ﹰ

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ •

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﲢ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺭﺪﺻﺃ

،ﻢﻬﺳﻷﺍ) ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻠﻟ

ﺕﺎﻛﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ،(ﺦﻟﺇ ،ﺎﻳﺍﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺎﺴﻗ

ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻰﻧﺩﻷﺍ ﺪﳊﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ،ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ .ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ

ﺺﺧﺮﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺍﻮﺟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ

ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ،ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﻤﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻛﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑﻭ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻳﻮﻬﻟﺍ

ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﳌﺎﺑ ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﻻﺍ •

ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﶈﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺩﺪﲢ

،ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ

،ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﳌﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺸﳋﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺣﻮﻠﻟﺍ ،ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﳌﺍ

ﻻ .ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍ ،ﻂﺋﺍﺮﳋﺍ

ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ

،ﺕﺎﻜﻴﺸﻟﺍ ،ﺮﻴﺗﺍﻮﻔﻟﺍ

.ﺕﺎﺒﺟﻮﻟﺍ

.ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻕﺮﺧ

ﺎﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ •

،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺪﻴﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﺗ ﻻ

ﻮﻟﻭ

ﻰﺘﺣ ،ﺔﻴﻠﶈﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ

.ﺎﻬﺋﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﰎ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ "ﺔﻨﻴﻋ" ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰎ

ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

.ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻜﺻ ﰎ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺪﺘﳌﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ

.ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ

.ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺛﻮﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ

ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ

xiii

ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻑﺬﺤﻳ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ

ﺎﻣ ،ﹰﺎﻳﺭﺎﲡ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﳝﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﶈﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻜﳝ

.ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﳊﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻘﺗ

ﺊﻴﻫ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻑﺬﳊ ﻱﺭﺎﲡ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺺﺨﺸﻟ ﻪﺘﻴﻜﻠﻣ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
ﻦﻣ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ
ﺮﻴﻣﺪﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﺹﺮﳊﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﳌ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﲟ ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﰎ

ﺎﹰﻃﺎﺸﻧ ﺱﺭﺎﳝ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻣ ﻩﺰﻴﻣﺮﺘﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ ﻚﻓ (ii) ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ("AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ") AVC ﺭﺎﻴﻌﳌ ﺎﹰﻘﻓﻭ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ (i)

ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ

.(ﺔﻏﺭﺎﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﺳ ﺭﻮﺻ ،ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ) ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﲢ ﻻ ﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﻸﻣﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺯﺎﻬﳉﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ

.(84 0) ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺘﻟ ﻖﺒﺴﳌﺍ ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻠﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﰎ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻱﺃ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ

ﻦﻟﻭ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺢﻨﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻ .AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﺑ ﻪﻟ ﺺﹼﺧﺮﻣ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﲡ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﺎﹰﻴﺼﺨﺷ

ﻊﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺭ .L.L.C ,MPEG LA ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ .ﺮﺧﺁ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻷ

.ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺳﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ

.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ

AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ

http://www.mpegla.com

.ﻲﺋﺎﻬﻧ

xiv

Nikon ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ

ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ (ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ،ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﲟ) Nikon ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌﺍ

ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﲤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ Nikon ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ Nikon ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ

ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ Nikon ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ Nikon ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ Nikon ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ

.ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﲤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ

ﻞﺜﳑ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﺻﺃ ﻉﺯﻮﻣ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺺﺤﻔﺑ Nikon ﺢﺼﻨﺗ .ﻱﺭﻭﺩ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﲢﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺗ ﻭﺫ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﺳﺭ ﻞﻴﺼﲢ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ) ﻡﺍﻮﻋﺃ ﺲﻤﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺙﻼﺛ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﻧﺎﻴﺻﻭ ،ﲔﻣﺎﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ Nikon ﺔﻣﺪﺧ

ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﺐﺠﻳ

ﻞﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﻳﺮﲡ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍ ،(ﺔﻠﺣﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺎﻓﺰﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻔﺣ ﻞﺜﻣ) ﺔﻣﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﻢﺘﻳ ،ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺠﺘﻨﳌ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﺩ ﻢﻋﺩ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟ "Life-Long Learning" ﺓﺎﻴﳊﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﺑ Nikon ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺠﻛ

ﻂﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ .ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ Nikon ﻞﺜﳑ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﳊﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ .ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﺑ

.ﻑﺮﺘﺤﻣ ﻲﻨﻬﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺺﺤﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ .(ﺔﻣﺪﳋﺍ

ﻭﺃ ﺺﺤﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻱﺃ

.ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﲢ ﺪﻗ ﺮﺋﺎﺴﺧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ Nikon ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ

ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧﻭ ،(FAQs) ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻸﻟ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺟﺇ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ،ﺞﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺙﺪﺣﺄﺑ ﻡﺎﳌﻺﻟ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ

.ﺪﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﲢﻭ ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ Nikon ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﰎ

.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﲟ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ

.Nikon ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ Nikon ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ Nikon ﺭﺎﻌﺷ ﻞﻤﲢ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺷ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻦﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ-ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ

،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﻭﺮﻌﳌﺍ

.ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ،ﺭﺮﺷ ﺭﻭﺪﺻ

.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﻲﻠﶈﺍ Nikon ﻉﺯﻮﲟ ﻞﺼﺗﺍ

.NIKON ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ NIKON ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻳﻮﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ

http://www.nikonusa.com/ :ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •

http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/ :ﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺇﻭ ﺎﺑﻭﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •

http://www.nikon-asia.com/ :ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺳﻮﻧﺎﻴﻗﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﻲﻓ ﲔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •

http://imaging.nikon.com/ :ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ

،Nikon ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ

Nikon ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ D

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

ﺔﻤﻬﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ

.ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﺓﺎﻴﳊﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ

A

A

A

xv

xvi

X

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

X

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

ﺮﻴﺷﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺪﲡ ﺪﻗ .ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺷﺎﺷﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﺘﻌﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺢﻨﻣﺍ

.ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻟ ﻚﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻉﻮﺟﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

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212 ..................................................ﺓﺁﺮﻣ

46 ،17 .............ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

202 ....ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

202 .....(ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟ)

207 ............... ﻲﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺬﻔﻨﻣ

A/V ﻭ USB ﻞﱢﺻﻮﻣ

138 ...................... ﺐﺳﺎﳊﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

139 ......................

146 ............ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

147 ...........

109 ............. ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﳌ ﻞﹼﺻﻮﻣ

ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ

ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻑﺮﻄﺑ HDMI ﻞﱢﺻﻮﻣ

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206 ................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

23
24

50 ...................................... ﺞﻣﺪﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ

25

50 .......................... (ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ) ﺭﺯ M

73 .................. (ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ) ﺭﺯ Y

26

110 ........................................... ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺳ

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46 .............(E) ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

107 ....................................... ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ

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38 ........................ (ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﳌﺍ) ﺭﺯ E

29

165 ،9 ......................... (ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ Fn

17 ................................. ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ

18 ................................ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﺭﺯ

CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﺐﻘﺛ

12

22

23

ﻞﺻﻮﳌﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

10

3 .......................................ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

11

107 ،99 .............. ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

12

103 ،6 ........................

13

107 .............................ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺭﺯ

71 ...

(ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ) ﺭﺯ

14

65 ..................................(ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ N

15

73 .............................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺭﺯ

28 ....................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﺭﺯ

16

2 .................................ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ

17
18
19

20
21

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺀﻮﺿ

41 ............................................. ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ

37 ...................... ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﳌﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

52 ............ﺀﺍﺮﻤﳊﺍ ﲔﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

(ﻲﻣﺎﻣﺃ) ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺖﲢ ﺔﻌﺷﺃ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣ

37 ............................................................

24

25

26

27

28

29

(ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ) ﺭﺯ

R

1
2
3
4
5

E

6
7
8

9

1

(ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ

2

3
4

5

6

(ﻑﺬﺣ) ﺭﺯ O

133 .............. ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ

ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻞﺻﻮﳌ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

208 ............................................ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

15 .......... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﲡ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

15 ......................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﲡ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

ﺮﻴﻐﺼﺗ/ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ) ﺭﺯ W

129 ............................................(ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ

11 ..................................(ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ) ﺭﺯ Q

15 ..................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ

1

17

5 .......................(ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ) ﺭﺯ P

7

58 .......................ﻦﻳﺭﺰﺑ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺭﺯ

18

166 ،69 ،44 ........... (AE-L/AF-L) ﺭﺯ A

132 ..............................(ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ) ﺭﺯ L

19

7 ..................................... ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

20

123 ............................... (ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ K

21

21 ............ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ

12 ..............................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ

12 ....................................(ﻖﻓﺍﻮﻣ) ﺭﺯ J

22

131 ......................(ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺒﻜﺗ) ﺭﺯ X

ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ

27 ،21 .....................................................

8

9

21

10
11
12
13
14
15
16

10

11

12

13

14
15
16

17

18

19

20

8

38 ..........................ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﺔﺳﺪﻋ

38 ......................... ﻲﻃﺎﻄﻣ ﲔﻋ ﻥﺎﺠﻨﻓ

9

149 ،11 ....................(ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ) ﺭﺯ G

58 .......................ﻦﻳﺭﺰﺑ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺭﺯ

ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺣ ﺖﲢ ﺔﻌﺷﺃ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣ

37 ...............................................(ﻲﻔﻠﺧ)

4 ...............................................ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

5 ................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ

99 ..................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ

123 ................... ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻞﻣﺎﳊﺍ ﻒﻳﻮﲡ

23 .................. ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

X

22

1
2
3

4

5

6
7

ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ A

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺭﺩﺃ.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﻹ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺭﺩﺃ

2

X

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ ﲔﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ

M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﲔﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

.ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﺏﻮﺻ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﻂﻴﺴﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

(26 0) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ i •

(26 0) (ﺄﻔﻄﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ j •

ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ v •

(120 ،117 0)

(117 0) ﺔﻴﻠﻇ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ B •

(117 0) ﺔﻌﻃﺎﺳ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ C •

(117 0) ﺔﺘﻓﺎﺧ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ D •

ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻙﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ .ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﺘﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﳌﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﱢﺪﻌﺗ

(31 0) ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻳﺭ ﺏﺎﻌﻟﺃ m •

(31 0) ﺏﺮﻘﻣ n •

(32 0) ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ :h •

(62 0) ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ—P •
(63 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ—S •

(64 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﺔﺤﺘﻓ—A •

(65 0) ﻱﻭﺪﻳ—M •

ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

.ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

(116 0) ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻟ ﺔﻳﺅﺭE •

ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻂﻄﺨﻣ g •

(118 ،116 0)

ﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ F •

(119 ،116 0)

ﺪﻬﺸﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

.ﻩﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻳﺮﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﺸﳌﺍ

(30 0) ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ k •

(30 0) ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ l •

(31 0) ﻞﻔﻃ p •

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

(ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ A

ﺪﻨﻋ (104 0 ؛"ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ") ﺪﻬﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺎﺑ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ j ﻭﺃ i ﲔﻌﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ

.ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

3

ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

.ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺢﺿﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﻣﺇﻭ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻦﻜﳝ

180°

90°

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻠﻟ ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻬﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ

ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻙﺎﺴﻣﻹﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﺗ .ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ

180°

ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﻃﺍ

.ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻟﺍ

ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻣ ﺔﻳﻭﺍﺰﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

.ﺽﺭﻷﺍ

ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺮﻣ ﺔﻳﻭﺍﺰﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ

.ﻚﺳﺃﺭ ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﻓ

ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ

.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻬﻈﻴﺳ ﺎﳑ ﺓﺁﺮﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

X

ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ D

ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﻑﻼﺗﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﻒﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﺤﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺩﻭﺪﳊﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻖﻓﺮﺑ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺃ

ﻢﺴﳉ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﻬﻬﺟﻭ ﻞﻌﺟﺍﻭ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﻃﺍ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﳊ

.(99 0) ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ "ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ" ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟﻭ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ

ﹰ

ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

A

4

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﺽﺮﻌﻟ ﺓﺮﻣ P ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﻳﺪﻌﺗﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﳝ

ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻠﻇ .ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﻼﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﺀﺍﺮﺟﻹ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ

.ﻞﻠﻈﳌﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﳋﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ J ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ

P ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

X

51 .....................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

72 ................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

70 ............. ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ

91 .............................. Picture Control

47 .................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

49 ...................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

81 .....................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

54 .................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

35 .....................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

100 ،39 ................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ

101 ،42 ................................... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ

68 ...............................................ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﳌﺍ

74 ..........................

89

... ﺏﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺰﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ

23 242221

ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting

25
26

27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

21

155 ...... ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

22

79 ... ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

23

76 ...................................... HDR ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

24

161 ................."ﺮﻴﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺻ" ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

25

25 ................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

26

174 .........................

27

175 .................... Eye-Fi ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

28

224 ،11 ........................... ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺰﻣﺭ

29

90 ............ ADL ﺏﺭﺎﻘﻣ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ

30

65 ................ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

71 ...

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

31

GPS ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

90 ........ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

25 ................... ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

32

85 ........ ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

33

138 .................... ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

34

ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ) "K"

25 ....................(ﺔﻄﻘﻟ 1000 ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﻷ

1

2
3

4
5

6

16 18 20

17

9

10

26 .............(ﺄﻔﻄﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ j

11

30 ...............................ﺪﻬﺸﳌﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ

12

61 ..................M ﻭ A ﻭ S ﻭ P ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ

13

115 .................... ﺔﺻﺎﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺆﳌﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

14

65 ،64 ..........................(f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ

15

65 ،63 ............................ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

16

6 ...........................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺽﺮﻋ

17

6 .....................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

18

ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

42 ................................ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ

42 ........... ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺛﻼﺛ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

19

43 ...................... ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ

164 .......................... ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

20

ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻟ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

205 ..........................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ

163 ....................ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

1487 9 10 11 12 13

15

19

1

/ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ i

2
3
4
5
6

7

8

5

ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺀﺎﻔﺧﺇ A

ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﲢ ﺭﺯ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻖﻠﻐﺗ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ .R ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﻹ

ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ) c2 ﻱﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺪﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ) ﻥﺍﻮﺛ 8 ﻲﻟﺍﻮﺣ ﺓﺪﳌ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻱﺃ

.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣ R ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ

.((160 0 ،ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﻹﺍ

ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺔﻘﻠﻐﻣ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺗ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻢﺘﻴﺳ ،°90 ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ

ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺷ A

.ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺴﻟ ﺔﻳﺮﺼﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ

.(ﺮﻴﺒﻛ f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ،ﺔﺌﻴﻄﺑ ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

.ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ،ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ

ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻱﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ .(168 0) ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ

ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺿﻭﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌ

.(170 0) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻋ

.(ﺮﻴﻐﺻ f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ،ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

R ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ

ﹰ

ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ

.103 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ

A

A

X

6

X

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﺽﺮﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ

.ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

M ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

E ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﻉﺎﺿﻭﻷﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

.(32 0 ؛h ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

h ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

؛q ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺹﺎﺧ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

.(115 0

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

q ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

.(62 0 ؛P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳﻭ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

؛M ﻭﺃ S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

.(65 ،63 0

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

M ﻭﺃ S ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

7

.(64 0 ؛A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

+

+

A ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

E ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

E ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔﺤﺘﻓ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

.(65 0 ؛M

X

M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ

ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ

؛A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ)

.(70 0

A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ

.(51 0) ﺵﻼﻓ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ

+

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

M ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

.(72 0 ؛M ﻭﺃ A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﻝﺪﻋ

++

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

M ﺭﺰﻟﺍE ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

M ﻭﺃ A ﻭﺃ S ﻭﺃ P

8

+

؛Fn/E ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﲔﻴﻌﺗ) f1 ﻱﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ

ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﺑ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ،(165 0

:ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇﻭ (E) Fn

X

ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ

(E) Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

(47 0) ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ/ﺓﺩﻮﺟ

(35 0) ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ

(54 0) ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ(81 0) ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ

(74 0) ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting(88 0) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ

9

ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ

1

72 ............................................................. ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

70 ...........................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

155 ...............................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

25 ................................................................... ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

36 ،27 ......... ﺔﻄﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺀﻼﺘﻣﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ

85 ..........................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

70 ...................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

72 ..................................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

138 ....................................................................ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

54 .................................................................................ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ

224 ........................................................................ﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

.ﺓﺭﺍﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻉﻮﻄﺳﻭ ﺔﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﺗ ﺪﻗ

2 3

12

43 ................................................................. ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ

13

46 ،27 .........................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

14

69 ........................(AE) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

15

65 ،63 ......................................................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ

65 ،64 ................................................................... (f ﻢﻗﺭ) ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ

25 ..........................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

88 .......................................................................ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

25 ...(ﺔﻄﻘﻟ 1000 ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﻷ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ) "K"

28 ........................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

62 ................................................................. ﻥﺮﳌﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

16

65 ..........................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ

71 ......................................... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ

159 .............................................................. ﻲﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﻯﺪﻣ ﲔﻌﻣ

59

6 7 84

11 15

1210

13

ﺮﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﻌﻣ D

X

1614

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9
10
11

10

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ

.G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ،ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ

X

G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

d

(176 0) ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ :

ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ) ﻲﺘﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ :

(192 0 ؛ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻲﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ

ﺐﻳﻮﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻼﻋ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ

N •

O/m •

(156 0) ﺔﺼﺼﺨﻣ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﲔﺒﻳ

.ﺯﻮﻣﺭ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﳋﺍ

ﺬﺋﺪﻨﻋ ﻦﻜﳝ ،ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﺳﺃ ﺮﺴﻳﻷﺍ ﻦﻛﺮﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ d ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﰎ ﺍﺫﺇ

3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .(W) Q ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﻮﻌﻠﻟ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺮﻣ (W) Q ﻂﻐﺿﺍ .ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺮﻳﺮﻤﺘﻠﻟ

(149 0) ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ :

(151 0) ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :

(167 0) ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ :

D •
C •

A •

B •

11

(W) Q ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ

.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟ J ﺭﺰﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ

G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﻮﻋﻭ ﺀﺎﻐﻟﺇ

ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﻳ

ﻞﻔﺳﻷ ﺮﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﻙﺮﺤﻳ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻈﺘﻟ 4 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

ﻞﻠﻈﳌﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ :J ﺭﺰﻟﺍ

ﺽﺮﻌﻳ ﻭﺃ ﻞﻠﻈﳌﺍ ﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻳ

ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

X

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺒﺗﺍ

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺍ 1

.ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﻟ G ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻠﻇ 2

.ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ 3

.ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻ 3 ﻭﺃ 1 ﻂﻐﺿﺍ

12