
ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ
ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
Ar

ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ .ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ (SLR) ﺔﺴﻜﻌﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻴﺣﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻚﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟ ﹰﺍﺮﻜﺷ
ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ
.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ
ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺗ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺜﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺘﻟ
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ
ﻕﺎﺤﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﻟﺍ
D
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ؛ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ
.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ
.ﻚﻴﻤﺳ ﻂﺨﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ
.ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺽﺍﺮﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﺴﻔﺘﻟﺍ
ﺩﻮﻨﺑ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺻﺎﺧ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
.ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻠﻟ 22 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ .ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ
ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ A
A
0
ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ
ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ
"ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ" ﺏﺎﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺃﺮﻗﺍ ،ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
.(xiii-xv 0)

ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺃ
:ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺴﻔﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ
....................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ
iv
0
...............................................................................................................ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
ii
0
................................................................................................................. ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
xxii
0
.....................................................................................................................................ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ
449
0
.......................................................................................................................... ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ
424
0
...........................................................................................ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ
419
0
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ
ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ
ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ
ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺗ
ﺵﻼﻔﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺻ ﺕﺍﺮﻛﺬﻣ
ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ
ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ
X
s
x
y
d
N
k
S
Z
r
J
l
t
I
e
Q
U
n
111
117
123
153
173
191
207
235
255
263
283
385
1
0
19
0
49
0
63
0
85
0
97
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ
i

0
49
63
223
111
114
93 ،90
ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
."ﺏﺍﻮﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺴﻟﺍ" ﺱﺮﻬﻓ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋﺍ
ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ
ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
؟ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻓ ﺕﺎﻄﻘﻟ ﺬﺧﻷ ﺔﻠﻬﺳﻭ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺳ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻞﻫ40 ،xxii
ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ
؟(ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ C)
؟(ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ 1) ﻡﻼﻓﺃ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ
ﺀﺎﺸﻧﻹ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻲﻨﻣﺯ ﻞﺻﺎﻔﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺩ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ
؟ﺾﻘﻨﻣ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ
ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ
؟ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻲﻠﺴﻠﺴﺗ ﻝﺪﻌﻤﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ
؟ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ
ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ97
؟ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ103
ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
؟ﻪﻣﺎﺘﻗ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻋﻮﻄﺳ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ137
؟ﻉﻮﻄﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻈﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ186 ،184
ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣﻭ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ
؟ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﺣﺄﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ
؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ
0
؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ235
؟ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ238
؟ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ291
؟ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ280
؟ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺢﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ249
؟ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﻮﻏﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ251
ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ
ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ
ii

0
؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ361
؟RAW (NEF) ﺔﻐﻴﺼﺑ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻦﻣ JPEG ﺦﺴﻧ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ372
ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ
79
ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ
؟ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻦﻣ
0
،295 ،207
305
0
0
192
391
ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ
؟ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ19
؟ﻕﻼﻏﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ317 ،316
؟ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ38
؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺳ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ ﻒﻴﻛ348 ،30
؟ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ36
؟ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ
؟ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ22
ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ
؟ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻒﻴﻛ263
؟ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﻃﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ271
؟ﻱﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ274
ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ
؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ442
؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ385
ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ (Speedlights) ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ
؟ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ
؟ﻲﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ
؟ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻈﻧﺃ ﻒﻴﻛ398
؟ﺡﻼﺻﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﻦﻳﺃ405
iii

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ
ii ..................................................................................................... ﺏﺍﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
xiii ......................................................................................................ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ
xvi ...................................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ
xxii ...................................................................................................ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
1 ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ
1 ...........................................................................................................ﺓﻮﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ
2 ...................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
2 .......................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ
7 ..........................................................................................ﺔﻳﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ
9 ........................................................................................ ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ
11 ......................................................................................... ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ
13 .................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
17 ............................................................................. BS-2 ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
19 ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ
19 ........................................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ
20 ................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﺍﻮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
22 ............................................................................................................ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ
23 .........................................................................................................ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ
23 ...................................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺷﺍ
25 ...................................................................................................... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ
28 ..........................................................................................................ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺐﻛﺭ
30 ................................................................................................. ﻲﺳﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ
33 ...............................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ
36 ..........................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ
38 ...............................................................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ
40 ..................................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ
40 .....................................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﱢﻐﺷ
42 ....................................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺰﻬﺟ
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43 .................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ
46 ..........................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
47 ........................................................................ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﻮﻏﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ
49 ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
52 .......................................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ
55 ...................... ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ
58 ...................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
59 ..........................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
60 .......................................................ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
63 ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ
67 ................................................................................................................ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ
68 ........................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ :ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ
70 ....................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ :ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
71 ................................................................................................... ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ
74 ....................................................................................................ﻢﻠﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ
77 ................................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
79 ............................................................................................................... ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ
79 .......................................................................................................ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ
83 .................................................................................... ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ
85 ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
85 ..........................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ
90 .............................................................................................................. ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻮﺟ
93 ............................................................................................................. ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﺣ
95 ...........................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﻲﺘﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
v

97 ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
97 ............................................................................................ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
97 .............................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
100 ...........................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ
103 ............................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ
105 .......................................................................................... ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ
108 .............................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ
111 ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
111 ...................................................................................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ
112 ................................................................................. ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ
114 ...............................................................................................ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
116 ............................................................................................ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﺓﺁﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻊﺿﻭ
117 ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ
117 ....................................................................................................... ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ
119 ........................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ
123 ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
123 ................................................................................................................... ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ
125 ......................................................................................... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
126 ............................................................................................. ﺞﻣﺮﺒﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ :e
127 ....................................................................................ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﻖﻟﺎﻏ :f
128 ..................................................................................ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ-ﺔﺤﺘﻓ :g
129 ..............................................................................................................ﻱﻭﺪﻳ :h
131 .............................................................................ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺓﺪﻤﻟ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
133 ................................................................................. ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ ﻞﻔﻗ
135 .................................................................(AE) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗ
137 .....................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ
139 ................................................................................................................... ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ
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153 ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ
153 ...............................................................................................ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
156 .............................................................................. ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺘﻟ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ
160 ......................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ
163 ................................................................................................. ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﺿ
173 ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺗ
173 ................................................................................................... Picture Controls
173 ................................................................................... Picture Control ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ
175 ..................................................................ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ Picture Controls ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ
179 ................................................... ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﺍ Picture Controls ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ
182 ............................................ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ Picture Controls ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ
184 ......................................... ﻝﻼﻈﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ
184 .......................................................................................... ﺔﻄﺸﻧ D-Lighting
186 ......................................................................... (HDR) ﻊﻔﺗﺮﻣ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩ ﻯﺪﻣ
191 ﺵﻼﻔﺑ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
191 .......................................................................................................ﺵﻼﻓ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
192 ....................................................... ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ (CLS) ﻲﻋﺍﺪﺑﻹﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ
198 .......................................................................................... i-TTL ﺵﻼﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ
199 ......................................................................................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺃ
202 .......................................................................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ
204 ........................................................................................... FV ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻞﻔﻗ
207 ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
207 ............................................. ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ :ﻦﻳﺭﺰﺑ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ
210 .............................................................................................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ
216 .....................................................................ﻲﻨﻣﺯ ﻞﺻﺎﻔﺑ ﻲﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
223 ..................................................................................... ﺾﻘﻨﻣ ﻲﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ
228 .........................................................................CPU ﺓﺪﺣﻮﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺠﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻋ
231 ............................................................................................. GPS ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
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235 ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ
235 .............................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
235 ......................................................................................... ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﻹﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
235 ...........................................................................................ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﺽﺮﻋ
236 .......................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺗﺎﻔﻣ
238 ....................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
247 .............................................................................. ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﺯ :ﺔﺑﺮﻘﻣ ﺓﺮﻈﻧ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺇ
249 ..................................................................................... ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﺿ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ
251 ................................................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﻑﺬﺣ
251 ......................................................................ﺓﺮﻐﺼﻣ ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺽﺮﻋ
253 .................................................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ
255 ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺻ ﺕﺍﺮﻛﺬﻣ
255 ....................................................................................... ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺻ ﺕﺍﺮﻛﺬﻣ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ
260 ............................................................................................ ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺻ ﺕﺍﺮﻛﺬﻣ ﺽﺮﻋ
263 ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ
263 ................................................................................................ ﺐﺳﺎﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ
263 ........................................................................................ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ
267 .......................................................................................... ﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ USB ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ
269 ........................................................................ﺖﻧﺮﺛﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﺳﻼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ
271 ............................................................................................................. ﺭﻮﺻ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ
272 ................................................................................................ﺔﻌﺑﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ
273 ......................................................................ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻮﻠﺗ ﺓﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ
275 ...............................................................................................ﺭﻮﺻ ﺓﺪﻋ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ
277 ..................................................... ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ :DPOF ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﺮﻣﺃ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ
280 ............................................................................ ﻥﻮﻳﺰﻔﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
281 .................................................................................................... HDMI ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
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283 ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
283 .................................................................. ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ :ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ D
284 ...............................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ
284 ..................................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺀﺎﻔﺧﺇ
285 ............................................................................... ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ
286 .................................................................................(ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ) ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ
289 ............................................................................................ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ
290 .................................................................................................. ﻑﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ
290 ............................................................................................... ﺎﻴﻟﻮﻃ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺘﻟﺍ
291 .............................................................................................ﺢﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ
293 ......................................................... ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺧ :ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ C
294 ..................................................................................ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻥﺰﺨﻣ
295 ............................................................................. ﺓﺪﺘﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺎﺨﻣ
296 ............................................................................................. ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ
298 .............................................................................................ﻒﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺗ
299 ...............................................................................................ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ
300 ...................................................................... ﻑﺍﻮﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ
301 .............................................................................. ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ
NR ﻞﻳﻮﻃ ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ
302 ................................ (ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺿﻮﺿ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ)
302 .................................................................................................ﻝﺎﻋ ISO NR
303 ........................ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟﺍ :ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ A
305 .........................................................................ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻴﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻥﺰﺨﻣ
307 ........................................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ :a
307 .............................................................................. AF-C ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ :a1
308 .............................................................................. AF-S ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ :a2
309 ........................................................ ﻞﻔﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻘﻌﺗ :a3
309 ........................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﺸﻨﺗ :a4
310 ................................................................ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ :a5
310 .............................................................. ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺔﻃﺎﺣﺇ :a6
311 .................................................................... ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺩﺪﻋ :a7
311 ...........................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :a8
312 ....................................................(.ﻉ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ
312 ................................................ ﻩﺎﺠﺗﻻﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ :a10
313 ........................................................................ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ/ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ :b
313 ................................................................ ISO ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ :b1
313 ..................................................... EV ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ :b2
313 ...................................................ﺵﻼﻓ/ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﺓﻮﻄﺧ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ :b3
ix
ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :a9

314 ...................................................... ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﻞﻬﺳ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ :b4
315 ....................................................................ﻒﺼﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ :b5
315 ...........................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻂﺒﺿ :b6
316 .....................................................................ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ/ﺕﺎﺘﻗﺆﻣ :c
316 ....................................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺰﻟ L- ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ :c1
316 ..................................................................................ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻣ :c2
317 ............................................................................................ ﻲﺗﺍﺫ ﺖﻗﺆﻣ :c3
317 .......................................................................... ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻔﻄﻧﺍ ﺮﺧﺄﺗ :c4
318 ............................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ/ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ :d
318 ...........................................................................................ﺮﻴﻔﺻ ﺕﻮﺻ :d1
318 .....................................................................................ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ :d2
319 ...........................................................................ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ :d3
319 .............................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
320 ............................................................................ﻒﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﺴﻠﺴﺗ :d5
321 ................................................................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ :d6
321 ................................................................ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ/ﻢﻜﺤﺗ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ :d7
321 ........................................................................ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﺤﻴﻤﻠﺗ :d8
322 ..................................................................................ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ :d9
322 ............................................................................ LCD ﺔﺷﺎﺷ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﺇ :d10
323 ..........................................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ/ﺏﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ :e
323 .........................................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻣﺍﺰﻣ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ :e1
324 .............................................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻖﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻋﺮﺳ :e2
324 ........................................................................................ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺵﻼﻓ :e3
325 ....................................................ﺵﻼﻔﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ :e4
325 ........................................................................................ ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺵﻼﻓ :e5
325 ........................................................................
326 ................................................................(M ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺍ) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ :e7
326 .....................................................................ﺏﺭﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ :e8
327 .............................................................................................ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ :f
327 ....................................................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻲﻓ ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺰﻟﺍ :f1
328 ................................................................................ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ :f2
328 ............................................................................................ Fn ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f3
333 .................................................................................... ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f4
333 ......................................................................ﻲﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f5
333 ..........................................................ﻲﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻂﺳﻭ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f6
334 ............................................................................ (ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻋ) Fn ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f7
334 ................................................................ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻔﻗﻭ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ
335 .........................................................................................BKT ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f9
336 ................................................................. ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﺃ ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗ :f10
ﺮﻴﺧﺄﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ :d4
ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻂﺒﺿ :e6
ﺔﻋﺮﺳ :f8
x

337 .............................................................ﺹﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺯ :f11
338 .................................................................. ﺔﺤﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻞﻔﻗ :f12
338 ............................................................................... ﺔﻴﺴﻜﻋ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ :f13
338 ........................................................(ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻋ) ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f14
339 ............................................................................................ﺽﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﺯ :f15
339 ...................................................................... ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :f16
340 .............................................................................................................. ﻢﻠﻴﻓ :g
340 ........................................................................................... Fn ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :g1
341 ...................................................................................ﺔﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :g2
342 ......................................................... ﻲﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺭﺯ ﻂﺳﻭ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :g3
343 ..........................................................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ :g4
344 ................................................................ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :ﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ B
345 ................................................................................. ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ
345 ......................................................................................... ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻄﺳ
346 ...............................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻘﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ
348 .........................................................................................ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﻻﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ
348 .......................................................................... ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻴﻗﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ
349 ......................................................................................(Language) ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ
350 ................................................................................... ﺎﻴﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻭﺪﺗ
351 ......................................................................................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
352 ........................................................................................ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ
353 .............................................................................ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
354 ............................................................................................................. IPTC
356 ............................................................................. ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ ﻞﻴﻤﺤﺗ/ﻆﻔﺣ
358 ................................................................................................ﻲﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﺍ ﻖﻓﺃ
359 .........................................................ﺔﻗﺪﺑ ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ
360 ..............................................................................ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ
361 ................................................... ﺔﺤﻘﻨﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ :ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ N
364 ...................................................................................................D-Lighting
365 ............................................................................. ﺀﺍﺮﻤﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ
366 .......................................................................................................... ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ
367 .................................................................................................. ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ
367 .......................................................................................... ﺢﺷﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺆﻣ
368 .................................................................................................... ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻮﺗ
369 ..............................................................................................ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺍﺮﺗ
372 ................................................................................. NEF (RAW) ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻣ
374 ...............................................................................................ﻢﺠﺤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
376 ........................................................................................................... ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ
xi

377 ...........................................................................................ﻩﻮﺸﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ
378 ................................................................................................ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ
378 ................................................................................ﺐﻨﺟ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﺒﻨﺟ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ
380 .......................................................................... ﺓﺮﻴﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ m/ﻲﺘﻤﺋﺎﻗ O
385 ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ
385 ..............................................................................................ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ
391 ..................................................................................................ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ
396 ............................................... ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ
398 .................................................................................................... ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ
398 ..............................................................................................................ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟﺍ
398 ........................................................................................................... ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ
399 ...........................................................................ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺩﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺢﺷﺮﻣ
399 ..........................................................................................."ﻥﻵﺍ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ"
400 ......................................................"ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ/ﺀﺪﺑ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ"
402 ............................................................................................... ﻱﻭﺪﻳ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
406 .................................................................................ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ
408 ................................................................. ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ :ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ
412 ..............................................................................................ﺔﻴﺿﺍﺮﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﻹﺍ
418 ......................................................................................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ
419 ............................................................................ ﺎﻬﺣﻼﺻﺇﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﻷﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﻜﺘﺳﺍ
424 ..........................................................................................................ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ
430 ..............................................................................................................ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ
440 ..............................................................................................ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻣ
442 ....................................................................................ﺓﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ
444 ..............................................................................................ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﻌﺳ
447 .......................................................................................................... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﻋ
449 ................................................................................................................... ﺱﺮﻬﻔﻟﺍ
xii

ﻚﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ
ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺮﻄﺨﻟ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻚﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﺑ ﺭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺤﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ
ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣﺍ .ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ
.ﺎﻬﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ
ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﺤﺗ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻗﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ .ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻝﺪﻳ
.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺘﻟﺍ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺯﻮﻣﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ
A
ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ❚❚
ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻏﺍ
ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻄﻋ
ﺔﺤﺋﺍﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﺧﺩ ﺙﺎﻌﺒﻧﺍ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ
ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻏ
ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻞﺼﻓﺍ ،(ﺩﺮﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ) ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ
ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ
ﺪﻗ .ﻕﻭﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﺐﻨﺠﺘﻟ ﺭﺬﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﺧﻮﺗ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺯﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ
ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻚﻔﺗ ﻻ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﺲﻤﻟ
،ﻞﻄﻋ ﺙﻭﺪﺣ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻞﻫﺆﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻠﺼﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ
ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻂﻘﻓ
ﻭﺃ ﻁﻮﻘﺴﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺋﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺭﻮﻬﻇﻭ
ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺙﺩﺎﺤﻟ
ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ
.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ
xiii
.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ
A
A
ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ A
ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﺟﺍ
ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ
ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ
ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ
.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ
ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﺗ ﻻ
ﺔﻳﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺲﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ
.ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺋﺍﺩ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ
ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ
ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻘﻟ ﻚﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺭﺬﺣ ﻦﻛ
ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻱﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ
ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﻻ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻨﻴﻌﺑ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ
.ﺄﻄﺨﻟﺎﺑ ﻚﻨﻴﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻌﺑﺎﺻﺃ
A
ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ
A

ﺮﺼﻗ) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻞﺻﻮﺗ ﻻ •
.ﺎﻬﻜﻜﻔﺗ ﻭﺃ (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ •
ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻝﻮﺤﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﺖﻨﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
.ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ
ﻭﺃ ﺏﻮﻠﻘﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻝﻭﺎﺤﺗ ﻻ •
.ﺲﻜﻌﻟﺎﺑ
ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻬﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻻ •
.ﺔﻃﺮﻔﻣ
.ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺀﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺮﻤﻐﺗ ﻻ •
ﻞﻘﻧ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ •
ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺨﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻨﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺪﺋﻼﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃ
.ﺮﻌﺸﻟﺍ
ﻲﻓ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺿﺮﻋ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ •
.ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻐﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ
ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ ،ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ
.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ
ﺐﻛﺭ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ •
ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻧﺰﺧﻭ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
.ﻑﺎﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺎﺑ
ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ •
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ
ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺓﺪﺘﻤﻣ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ
ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ .ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺎﻬﻛﺮﺗﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﺰﻧ
.ﺩﺮﺒﺗ
ﻲﻓ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ •
ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ
.ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻠﻟﺍ
ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ A
ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ
ﺕﺍﺯﺎﻏ ﻂﺳﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻝﺎﻌﺘﺷﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ
.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ
ﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﻆﻔﺤﺗ
ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
ﻆﺣﻻ ،ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﺇ .ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻹﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ ﺓﺮﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ
ﻱﺃ ﻞﻔﻃ ﻉﻼﺘﺑﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺮﻄﺨﻟ
ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ ،ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ
.ﺭﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻴﺒﻃ
ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ
ﻭﺃ ﻊﻴﺿﺭ ﺔﺒﻗﺭ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻳﺮﺷ ﻒﻟ
.ﻕﺎﻨﺘﺧﻼﻟ ﻪﺿﺮﻌﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻞﻔﻃ
ﻦﺣﺎﺷ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﻣﻼﺗ ﻻ
ﻞﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
.ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺍ
ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﺗ
ﺕﺍﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ
ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻕﻭﺮﺤﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ
.ﺔﻀﻔﺨﻨﻣ
ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ A
ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﺗ ﺪﻗ
ﺮﻴﻏ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺎﻬﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ
ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺢﻴﺤﺻ
ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ
:ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ
ﺔﺼﺼﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ
CR1616 ﻡﻮﺜﻴﻟ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •
ﻉﻮﻧ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﻻ
.ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ
ﺔﻜﻠﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺗ
.ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ
A
A
A
xiv

ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﻭﺃ ﻞﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﺒﻘﻤﺑ ﻙﻼﺳﺃ ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ
ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺝﺮﺨﻟﺍ
ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻘﻓﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ
ﻭﺃ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ
ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻛ
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ .ﺹﺍﺮﻗﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﺑ ﺓﺰﻬﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﻟﺍ
ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺕﻮﺻ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺠﻣﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ
.ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﺣ ﺪﻘﻓ ﻰﻟﺇ
ﺔﺒﻛﺮﻣ ﻖﺋﺎﺳ ﻮﺤﻧ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻻ
ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
.ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ
ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﺒﺘﻧﺍ
ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •
ﺐﺒﺴﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺀﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ
.ﻕﻭﺮﺣ
ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ •
ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﺒﻴﺼﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻦﻴﻋ ﻦﻣ
ﻲﺧﻮﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺖﻗﺆﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺎﺼﺑﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
،ﻊﺿﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺭﺬﺤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺠﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ
.ﻑﺪﻬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻞﻘﺗ ﻻ
ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ
ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﺴﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﺗ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ
ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ
ﻝﺎﺘﺴﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻟ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺗﻭ ﺭﻮﺴﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺟﺰﻟﺍ
ﻭﺃ ﻦﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻝﻮﺧﺪﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ
.ﻢﻔﻟﺍ
ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ A
A
ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﹰﺎﻓﺎﺟ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ •
ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺮﺗﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ •
A
ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﻷﺍ
ﺪﻗ .ﺔﻓﺎﺟ ﺵﺎﻤﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ
ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ
ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﺘﻘﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻛ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ
ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻳﺪﻋﺮﻟﺍ ﻒﺻﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ
A
ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ
.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ
ﻞﺒﻛ ﻱﻮﻠﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺪﺸﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻝﺪﻌﺗ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺗ ﻻ •
ﻞﻔﺳﺃ ﻞﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ .ﻒﻨﻌﺑ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ
A
ﻦﻴﺨﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻪﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻠﻴﻘﺛ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺃ
ﺭﻮﻬﻇﻭ ﻝﺯﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ .ﺐﻬﻠﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ
ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻜﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻙﻼﺳﻷﺍ
.ﺺﺤﻔﻠﻟ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻰﻟﺇ
ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺏﻮﺸﻧ
.ﺔﻠﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺪﻳﺄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﻠﺗ ﻻ •
ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ﻊﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﻻ •
A
ﻊﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻄﻟﻮﻓ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﺑ
.ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺖﺑﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ
ﻒﻠﺗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ
ﺏﻮﺸﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻧﻮﺨﺴﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ
.ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻬﻛ
.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ
ﻻ •
.ﻖﻳﺮﺣ
xv

ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ
ﻦﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﺗ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ •
.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﺔﻗﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺩﻮﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﻝﺬﺑ ﻢﺗ ﻦﻴﺣ ﻲﻓ •
ﻻﺇ ،ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻛﻭ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﻓﺎﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺀﺎﻄﺧﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺈﺑ ﺐﺣﺮﻧ ﺎﻨﻧﺃ
ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ) ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ
.(ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ
ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ ﻱﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻ •
،ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻳﻮﺤﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﻤﻟﺍ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺍﺩﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺰﺨﺗ
ﻲﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻱﺄﺑ ،ﻞﻜﺷ ﻱﺄﺑ ﺔﻐﻟ ﻱﺃ
.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺒﺴﻣ
ﺕﺎﻔﺻﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻖﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻆﻔﺘﺤﺗ •
ﻩﺬﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ
.ﻖﺒﺴﻣ ﺭﺎﻄﺧﺇ
ﻥﻭﺪﺑﻭ ﺖﻗﻭ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﺘﻜﻟﺍ
xvi

ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ
ﻑﺬﺤﻳ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻑﺬﺣ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟﺮﺑ
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﺟﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﻲﺋﺎﻬﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ
ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﺳﺇ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺎﻣ ،ﹰﺎﻳﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺓﺮﻓﻮﺘﻣ ﺞﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻤﻳﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ
.ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻘﺗ .ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ
ﻑﺬﺤﻟ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺮﺧﺃ ﺺﺨﺸﻟ ﻪﺘﻴﻜﻠﻣ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﻻ ﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﻸﻣﺍ ﻢﺛ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺊﻴﻫ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ
ﻱﻭﺪﻴﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻠﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻢﺗ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻱﺃ ﻝﺍﺪﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻣ ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ
ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺮﻴﻣﺪﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﻺﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘﻟ ﺹﺮﺤﻟﺍ ﺐﺠﻳ .(168 0) ﻖﺒﺴﻤﻟﺍ
.(ﺔﻏﺭﺎﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﺳ ﺭﻮﺻ ،ﻝﺎﺜﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ)
.ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟﺍ
xvii

ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺔﻇﻮﺤﻠﻣ
ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﻢﺗ ﺩﺍﻮﻤﺑ ﻅﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﺩﺮﺠﻤﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ
.ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ،ﻲﺋﻮﺿ ﺢﺳﺎﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ
ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ •
ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ
ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻳﺬﺤﺗ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺪﺻﺃ
ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻠﻟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ
ﻢﺋﺎﺴﻗ ،ﺕﺎﻜﻴﺸﻟﺍ ،ﺮﻴﺗﺍﻮﻔﻟﺍ ،ﻢﻬﺳﻷﺍ)
،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ،(ﺦﻟﺇ ،ﺎﻳﺍﺪﻬﻟﺍ
ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻰﻧﺩﻷﺍ ﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ
ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ،ﹰﺎﻀﻳﺃ .ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ
ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺍﻮﺟ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ
ﺕﻻﺎﻛﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺺﺧﺮﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ
،ﺔﻳﻮﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ،ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑﻭ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺮﻛﺍﺬﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﻕﻮﻘﺤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻤﻟﺎﺑ
ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺩﺪﺤﺗ
ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ
،ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﻤﻟﺍ ،ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ
،ﺔﻴﺒﺸﺨﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺣﻮﻠﻟﺍ
ﻡﻼﻓﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍ ،ﻂﺋﺍﺮﺨﻟﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﻤﻟﺍ
ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺮﻏﻮﺗﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍﻭ
ﻕﺮﺧ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺀﺎﺸﻧﺇ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ
.ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻦﻴﻧﺍﻮﻗ
ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ
.ﺕﺎﺒﺟﻮﻟﺍ
ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﻻﺍ •
ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ
ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ •
ﹰ
ﺎﻧﻮﻧﺎﻗ
،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺪﻴﻌﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻨﺗ ﻻ
ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ
ﻢﺗ ﻮﻟﻭ ﻰﺘﺣ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ
ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ "ﺔﻨﻴﻋ" ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻊﺿﻭ
ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﻼﻤﻌﻟﺍ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ
.ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻜﺻ ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ
ﺮﻴﻏ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ
ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺪﺘﻤﻟﺍ
ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﻄﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ
ﺔﻘﺛﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺼﺗ
ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ
.ﺎﻬﺋﺎﺸﻧﺇ
ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ
.ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻘﺒﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻛ
.ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
xviii

ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
.ﺪﻴﻘﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﺤﺗﻭ ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻷ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻢﺗ
ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺑ) ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ
ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ (ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺤﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ،ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ
ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﻤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺋﺍﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﻤﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ
ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﻦﻣ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ-ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺕﺎﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﻭﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺭﺎﻌﺷ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻻ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺷ ﻊﻴﻨﺼﺗ
ﺓﺭﺍﺮﺣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﺘﻳ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍ
ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ .ﺐﻳﺮﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﻻﺍ ،ﺭﺮﺷ ﺭﻭﺪﺻ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ
.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻉﺯﻮﻤﺑ ﻞﺼﺗﺍ ،ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ
ﻊﻣ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻟﺍ
xix

AVC Patent Portfolio License ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ
ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻤﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻢﺗ
ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ ﻚﻓ (ii) ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ("AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ") AVC ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﺎﹰﻘﻓﻭ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻣﺮﺗ (i) ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ
ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺮﻴﻏﻭ ﺎﹰﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﹰﻃﺎﺸﻧ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﻳ ﻚﻠﻬﺘﺴﻣ ﻩﺰﻴﻣﺮﺘﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ
ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﻷ ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻦﻟﻭ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺗ ﻱﺃ ﺢﻨﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻ .AVC ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﺑ ﻪﻟ ﺺﹼﺧﺮﻣ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﺮﻓﻮﻣ
ﻊﻗﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺭ .L.L.C ،MPEG LA ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﺮﺧﺁ
http://www.mpegla.com
ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﻊﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍ ﻂﻘﻓ
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺖﻤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ
ﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ .ﺎﻬﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻲﻓ
.ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻣﺮﺤﻳﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﻳ
ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﻹﺍﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ
ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺺﺤﻔﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺢﺼﻨﺗ .ﻱﺭﻭﺩ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺗﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺗ ﻭﺫ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ
ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﻧﺎﻴﺻﻭ ،ﻦﻴﻣﺎﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺔﻣﺪﺧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﺻﺃ ﻉﺯﻮﻣ ﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺺﺤﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ .(ﺔﻣﺪﺨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﺳﺭ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻆﺣﻻ) ﻡﺍﻮﻋﺃ ﺲﻤﺧ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺙﻼﺛ
ﻕﺎﻓﺭﺇ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﻑﺮﺘﺤﻣ ﻲﻨﻬﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟﺍﻭ
ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﻮﺴﺴﻛﺇ ﻱﺃ
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﻭﺃ ﺺﺤﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﻻﺍ
ﺔﻤﻬﻣ ﺭﻮﺻ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
ﻂﻘﺘﻟﺍ ،(ﺔﻠﺣﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺎﻓﺰﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻔﺣ ﻞﺜﻣ) ﺔﻣﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
ﻭﺃ ﺭﺍﺮﺿﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻦﻟ .ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺒﻳﺮﺠﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ
.ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻮﺼﻘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺙﺪﺤﺗ ﺪﻗ ﺮﺋﺎﺴﺧ
D
D
A
xx

ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ
ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭ ﻢﺋﺍﺩ ﻢﻋﺩ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟ "ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ" ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﺑ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺰﺠﻛ
ﺐﻳﻮﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ،ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟ
http://www.nikonusa.com/ :ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •
http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/ :ﺎﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺇﻭ ﺎﺑﻭﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ •
http://www.nikon-asia.com/ :ﻂﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﻕﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺳﻮﻧﺎﻴﻗﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻟ
ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻸﻟ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺟﺇ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ،ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﺪﺣﺄﺑ ﻡﺎﻤﻟﻺﻟ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ .ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺨﺑ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧﻭ ،(FAQs) ﺔﻌﺋﺎﺸﻟﺍ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻞﻀﻔﺗ .ﻚﺘﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻧ ﻞﺜﻤﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
http://imaging.nikon.com/ :ﻝﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ
A
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ
•
xxi

ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
.D4 ﻊﻣ ﻊﻳﺮﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺪﺒﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻊﺒﺗﺍ
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺰﺣ ﺐﻛﺭ
.ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﺒﻘﺛ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺈﺑ ﻡﺍﺰﺤﻟﺍ ﺐﻛﺭ
.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ (25 0) ﻞﺧﺩﺃﻭ (23 0) ﻦﺤﺷﺍ
.ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺧﺩﺇ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺐﻛﺭ
.(28 0) ﺔﺳﺪﻋ ﺐﻛﺭ
1
2
3
xxii

ﻒﻠﺨﻟﺍ
.(33 0) ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺫ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻞﺧﺩﺃ
4
.(40 0) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﱢﻐﺷ
ﹰ
ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ
ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ .30 ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ،ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﻂﺒﺿﻭ ﺔﻐﻟ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ
.ﺮﻈﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻤﻟ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟ 38
ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ
ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺷﺆﻣ
K
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
.(97 0) ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺮﺘﺧﺍ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﺭﺩﺃ
.(ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺗ ﻱﺭﺆﺑ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ) AF
ﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﺿﺍ
.(44 ،43 0)
ﺔﻄﻐﺿ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ
ﺭﺯ ﻂﻐﺿﺍ ﻢﺛ ،ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﺒﻀﻟ
ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺔﻄﻐﺿ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ
.ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻ
.(46 0) ﺓﺭﻮﺼﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋﺍ
5
A
6
7
8
xxiii

xxiv

X
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ
X
ﺓﻮﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ
ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﻉﺎﺒﺗ .ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻛ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺗ
.ﻞﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ
ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﻢﺴﺟ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ •
(394 ،28 0) BF-1B
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ •
(191 ،17 0) BS-2
D4 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻛ •
(2 0)
ﺯﺍﺮﻃ USB ﻞﺑﺎﻛ •
(272 ،267 0) UC-E15
ﻞﺑﺎﻛ ﻚﺒﺸﻣ •
(267 0) USB
UF-2 ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ •
ﺲﺒﻘﻤﺑ ﻮﻳﺮﻴﺘﺳ ﻞﺑﺎﻜﻟ
(395 0) ﺮﻴﻐﺻ
ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ •
(263 0) ViewNX 2 ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺗ ﺹﺮﻗ •
1
ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ •
ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﻦﺤﺸﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻹ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻡﻮﻴﺜﻴﻟ ﻥﻮﻳﺃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ •
(25 ،23 0) ﻑﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﻊﻣ EN-EL18
ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ﻞﺑﺎﻛ ﻊﻣ MH-26 ﺯﺍﺮﻃ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺑ ﻦﺣﺎﺷ •
(440 ،23 0) ﻑﺍﺮﻃﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺤﻟ ﻦﻳﺀﺎﻄﻏﻭ
(xxii 0) AN-DC7 ﻡﺍﺰﺣ •
ﻥﺎﻤﻀﻟﺍ •
(ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ) ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ •

ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺪﺠﺗ ﺪﻗ .ﺎﻬﺗﺎﺷﺎﺷﻭ ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺯﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﺘﻌﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ ﺢﻨﻣﺍ
.ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻟ ﻚﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻉﻮﺟﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻴﺷﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ
ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ
X
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
137 .......................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ
125 ........................ﻲﺋﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
36 ........................... ﺓﺮﻛﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﺗ
xxii .................................. ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺰﺣ ﺐﻘﺛ
7 ................................ ﺔﻳﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﻮﻟ
109 .................(E) ﺔﻳﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻼﻋ
38 ....................ﺮﺘﺑﻮﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﺑ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ
191 ،17 ......... (ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺵﻼﻓ ﺓﺪﺣﻭ ﺖﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟ)
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
410 ،191 ،17 ....................................................
E
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
I/Q
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ
10
335 ،149 ،145 ،141 ......................ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ
11
111 ....................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺹﺮﻗ
xxii .................................. ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺰﺣ ﺐﻘﺛ
12
200 .......................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
13
202 ..................................... ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ
14
15
124 ..................................................ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ
16
111 ....................................ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺹﺮﻗ
40 ،10 ......................................ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ
17
44 ،43 .....................................ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ
339 ،65 .................................ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﺭﺯ
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
D
ﻞﻔﻗ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
M
ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
Y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2

X
272 ،267......................................USB ﻞﺻﻮﻣ
261 ،69 .......................... ﺱﺃﺭ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺳ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ
69 ........................ ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟ ﻞﹼﺻﻮﻣ
280 ..................... ﺮﻴﻐﺻ ﻑﺮﻄﺑ HDMI ﻞﱢﺻﻮﻣ
269 ..............................................ﺖﻧﺮﺛﺇ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ
29 ........................................ ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ
ﻲﺋﺎﻘﻠﺘﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺯ
101 ،98 ،54 ،52 ...............................................
25 ................... ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ
25 ...............................ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻄﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻴﺠﺣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
ﻱﺭﺆﺒﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ
108 ،97 ،52 ......................................................
433 ....................................ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻗﺇ ﻉﺍﺭﺫ
،28 .................................... ﻢﺴﺠﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
394
3
402 ،116....................................................ﺓﺁﺮﻣ
13
115 ............................ ﻲﺗﺍﺬﻟﺍ ﺖﻗﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻣ
14
15
75 ،69 ،65 ........................................................
16
191 .....................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻣﺍﺰﻣ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
17
18
394 ،231..............................ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ ﺓﺮﺸﻋ ﻭﺫ
19
191 ................................ﺵﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻣﺍﺰﻣ ﻑﺮﻃ
20
21
22
23
24
ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺑﺩ ﺓﺮﺸﻋ ﻭﺫ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ ﻑﺮﻃ
394 ،231...........................................................
272 ،267...........................USB ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
391 .....................ﺔﻴﻓﺮﻃ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﺃ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
69 .....................................ﺕﻮﺻ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
280 ،269...........................................................
391 ...................................ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺯﺎﻬﺟ ﻞﺻﻮﻣ
(ﻡﻼﻓﻸﻟ) ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ
ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﺤﺗ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
ﺖﻧﺮﺛﺇ/HDMI ﻞﺻﻮﻣ
ﺀﺎﻄﻏ
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

(ﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ) ﺍﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﺟ
X
42 ...ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻠﻟ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ ﻞﻔﻗ
334 ...................(ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻋ) Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
CPU ﺕﻼﺻﻮﻣ
29 ................................................. ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ
109 ،29 ......................ﺔﺳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ
ﻞﺟﺭﻷﺍ ﻲﺛﻼﺛ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺲﺒﻘﻣ
ﺮﺛﺆﻳ ﺪﻗ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ .ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻣ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺏﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
6
341 ،333 ،125 ،67 ..........Pv ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
7(ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻋ) Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
336 ............................. ﻲﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ
8
340 ،328 ،205 ،89 ..........Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
9
10
336 .....................................ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻠﻟ
11
.ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻃﺎﻨﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﻬﺟﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻲﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﻗ
ﻱﺩﻮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻠﻟ ﻖﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺯ
ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻤﻟﺍ
1Pv ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
2
3Fn ﺭﺰﻟﺍ
4
5
D
4