NETGEAR DG834NA Reference Manual

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone 1-888-NETGEAR

SM-DG834NA-1 August 2003

Trademarks

NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the inst ructi ons, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this e quipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radiation Exposure Statement

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environmen t. In order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity to the antenna shall not be less than 20 cm (8 inches) during normal operation.

EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance

This is to certify that the DG834 ADSL Firewall Router is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).

Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs

Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das DG834 ADSL Firewall Router gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. T estsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.

Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.

Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer

It is hereby certified that the DG834 ADSL Firewall Router has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.

Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.

Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.

When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.

Customer Support

Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

World Wide Web

NETGEAR maintains a World Wi de Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL) http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required.

iii

Contents

Chapter 1 About This Guide

Audience, Conventions, Scope ......................................................................................1-1

How to Use this Manual ..................................................................................................1-2

How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3

Chapter 2 Introduction

About the Router ............................................................................................................2-1

Key Features ..................................................................................................................2-2

A Powerful, True Firewall .........................................................................................2-2

Content Filtering .......................................................................................................2-2

Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink™ LAN Ethernet Connections ..................................2-3

Protocol Support ......................................................................................................2-3

Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-4

What’s in the Box? ..........................................................................................................2-5

The Router’s Front Panel .........................................................................................2-6

The Router’s Rear Panel .........................................................................................2-7

Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet

What You Need Before You Begin ..................................................................................3-1

ADSL Microfilter Requirements ................................................................................3-1

ADSL Microfilter .................................................................................................3-1

ADSL Microfilter with Built-In Splitter .................................................................3-2

Ethernet Cabling Requirements ...............................................................................3-2

Computer Hardware Requirements .........................................................................3-2

LAN Configuration Requirements ............................................................................3-2

Internet Configuration Requirements .......................................................................3-3

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? ......................................... 3-3

Record Your Internet Connection Information ..........................................................3-4

Contents v

Connecting the DG834 to Your LAN ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .................................... ... ... ..3-5

How to Connect the Router ......................................................................................3-5

Auto-Detecting Your Internet Connection Type ...................................................... ..3-9

Wizard-Detected PPPoE Login Account Setup ......... ...... .... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...3-10

Wizard-Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup ......... ...... .... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...3-11

Wizard-Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup .........................................................3-11

Wizard-Detected IP Over ATM Account Setup ......................................................3-12

Wizard-Detected Fixed IP (Static) Account Setup ..................................... .......... ...3-13

Testing Your Internet Connection ..................................................................................3-14

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection .............. ... ... .... ... ... .............................3-15

How to Perform Manual Configuration ...................................................................3-16

Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE ...................................3-16

Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA ...................................3-17

Internet Connection Does Note Require A Login ............................................3-18

ADSL Settings ........................................................................................................3-19

Chapter 4 Protecting Your Network

Protecting Access to Your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router ...............................................4-1

How to Change the Built-In Password .....................................................................4-1

Changing the Administrator Login Timeout ..............................................................4-2

Configuring Basic Firewall Services ...............................................................................4-2

Blocking Keywords, Sites, and Services ............................................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ..4-3

How to Block Keywords and Sites ...........................................................................4-3

Firewall Rules .................................................................................................................4-5

Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding) ............................................................................. 4-6

Inbound Rule Example: A Local Public Web Server ..........................................4-7

Inbound Rule Example: Allowing Videoconferencing ........................................ 4-8

Considerations for Inbound Rules .....................................................................4-9

Outbound Rules (Service Blocking) .........................................................................4-9

Outbound Rule Example: Blocking Instant Messenger ...................................4-10

Order of Precedence for Rules ..............................................................................4-12

Services .......................... .................................................... ..........................................4-12

How to Define Services ..........................................................................................4-13

Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall Services ............................................. ............. 4-14

How to Set Your Time Zone ...................................................................................4-14

vi Contents

How to Schedule Firewall Services ........................................................................4-15

Chapter 5 Managing Your Network

Backing Up, Restoring, or Erasing Your Settings ...........................................................5-1

How to Back Up the Configuration to a File .............................................................5-1

How to Restore the Configuration from a File .......................................................... 5-2

How to Erase the Configuration ...............................................................................5-2

Upgrading the Router’s Firmware ................. ......... .......... .......... ......... .......... .......... ........5-2

How to Upgrade the Router Firmware .....................................................................5-3

Network Management Information .................................................................................5-4

Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics ............................................................5-4

Viewing Attached Devices ........................................................................................5-9

Viewing, Selecting, and Saving Logged Information ................................................5-9

Selecting What Information to Log ..................................................................5-11

Saving Log Files on a Server ..........................................................................5-12

Examples of Log Messages ...................................................................................5-12

Activation and Administration ..........................................................................5-12

Dropped Packets .............................................................................................5-12

Enabling Security Event E-mail Notification .................................................................5-13

Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router ................................................5-14

Enabling Remote Management ....................................................................................5-14

Configuring Remote Management .........................................................................5-15

Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration

Configuring Advanced Security ......................................................................................6-1

Setting Up A Default DMZ Server ............................................................................6-1

How to Configure a Default DMZ Server ...........................................................6-2

Connect Automatically, as Required ........................................................................6-3

Disable Port Scan and DOS Protection ...................................................................6-3

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ...................................................................6-3

MTU Size .................................................................................................................6-3

Configuring LAN IP Settings ...........................................................................................6-3

DHCP ........................... ................................................................ ............................ 6-5

Use Router as DHCP server ........................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ............6-5

Reserved IP addresses .....................................................................................6-6

Contents vii

How to Configure LAN TCP/IP Settings ...................................................................6-7

Configuring Dynamic DNS .......................................................................................6-7

How to Configure Dynamic DNS ..............................................................................6-8

Using Static Routes ........................................................................................................6-9

Static Route Example ...............................................................................................6-9

How to Configure Static Routes .............................................................................6-10

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting

Basic Functioning ...........................................................................................................7-1

Power LED Not On ...................................................................................................7-2

Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On .....................................................7-2

LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On ...............................................................................7-2

Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................7-3

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................7-4

ADSL link .................................................................................................................7-4

WAN LED Blinking Yellow ..................................................................................7-4

WAN LED Off ...................................................................... ... ............................7-4

Obtaining a WAN IP Address ............................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ..................................7-5

Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA ..........................................................................7-6

Troubleshooting Internet Browsing ..........................................................................7-6

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using the Ping Utility ..............................................7-7

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .......................................................................7-7

Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device .....................................7-8

Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ......... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..7-9

Using the Reset button .............................................................................................7-9

Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................7-9

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Appendix B Network and Routing Basics

Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1

Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1

What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-2

Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2

IP Addresses and the Internet ...................................... ... .... ................................... . B-2

viii Contents

Netmask ................................................................. ................................................. B-4

Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5

Private IP Addresses .............................. ................................... ... .... ... .................... B-7

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-8

MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9

Related Documents ................................................................................................. B-9

Domain Name Server ............................................................................................ B-10

IP Configuration by DHCP ................. .................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... .. B-10

Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10

What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11

Stateful Packet Inspection ............................ ... ... .................................... ... ... .... ... ...B-11

Denial of Service Attack .........................................................................................B-11

Ethernet Cabling ....................... ... .................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ...................... B-11

Category 5 Cable Quality ...................................................................................... B-12

Inside Twisted Pair Cables .................................................................................... B-13

Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-14

Appendix C Preparing Your Network

Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ................................... ... ...... .... ... ... . C-1

Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking ....................................... C-2

Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ... ... ... ... .... ...... ... ... .... ... ... . C-2

Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings in Windows 95B, 98, and Me C-4

Selecting the Windows’ Internet Access Method .................................................... C-6

Verifying TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................................C-6

Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ............................................ C-7

Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ... ... ... ... .... ...... ... ... .... ... ... . C-7

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 .................. ... ... ... .... ... ....C-8

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP .....................................................C-8

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ................................................ C-10

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 .................................................. C-13

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 .................. ... .... ... .. C-15

Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ...................................................... C-16

MacOS 8.6 or 9.x ............ ... ... .... ... ... .................................... ... ... ... ......................... C-16

MacOS X .. .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .................................... ... ... ... .................................... .. C-16

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers .................................... ... .. C-17

Contents ix

Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account ....................................................... C-18

Are Login Protocols Used? ...................................................................................C-18

What Is Your Configuration Information? ..............................................................C-18

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers ....................... C-19

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers .....................C-20

Restarting the Network ................................................................................................C-21

Glossary Index

x Contents

Chapter 1

About This Guide

Thank you for purchasing the NETGEAR™ DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

Audience, Conventions, Scope

This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic-to-intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and networking technology tutorial information is provided in the Appendices.

This guide uses the following typographical conventions:

Table 1. Typographical conventions

italics Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names

bold times roman User input

courier font Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses

Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.

This manual is written for the DG834 router according to these specifications:

Table 1-1. Manual Specifications

Product Version DG834 ADSL Firewall Router Manual Publication Date August 2003

Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at http://

www.netgear.com/support/main.asp. Documentation updates are available on the

NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at http://www.netgear.com/docs.

About This Guide 1-1

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

How to Use this Manual

The HTML version of this manual includes these features.

Figure 1 -1: HTML version of this manual

1. Left pane. Use the left pane to view the Contents, Index, Search, and Favorites tabs.

To view the HTML version of the manual, you must have a version 4 or later browser with JavaScript enabled.

2 3

2. Toolbar butto ns. Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate, print pages, and more.

–The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab.

– Previous/Next buttons display the previous or next topic.

–The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual.

–The Print button prints the current topic. Using this button when a step-by-step

procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer--you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

3. Right pane. Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual. Also, each page of the

manual includes a link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual.

1-2 About This Guide

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

How to Print this Manual

To print this manual you man choose one of the following several options, according to your needs.

• Printing a “How To” Sequence of Steps in the HTML View. Use the Print button on the

upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic. Using this button when a step-by-step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer--you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

• Printing a Chapter. Use the link at the top right of any page.

– Click “PDF of This Chapter” link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to

print. A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. – Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save

paper an printer ink by selecting this feature.

• Printing the Full Manual. Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser

window. – Click PDF button. A new browser window opens showing the PDF versio n of the chapter

you were viewing.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. – Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save

paper an printer ink by selecting this feature.

About This Guide 1-3

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

1-4 About This Guide

Chapter 2

Introduction

This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR DG834 ADSL Firewall Router. The DG834 router is a combination of a built-in ADSL modem, router, 4-port switch, and firewall which enables your entire network to safely share an Internet connection that otherwise is used by a single computer.

Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing, refer to Appendix B, “Network

and Routing Basics” to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this

manual.

About the Router

The DG834 ADSL Firewall Router provides continuous, high-speed 10/100 Ethernet access between your Ethernet devices. The DG834 router enables your entire network to share an Internet connection through the built-in ADSL modem that otherwise is used by a single computer. With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes.

The DG834 router provides multiple Web content filtering options, plus e-mail browsing activity reporting and instant alerts. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Web site addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed ADSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers. The included firewall and Network Address Translation (NAT) features protect you from hackers.

Introduction 2-1

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

Key Features

The DG834 router provides the following features:

• A powerful, true firewall

• Content filtering

• Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink™ LAN Ethernet connections

• Extensive Internet protocol support

• Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management

• A built-in ADSL modem These features are discussed below.

A Powerful, True Firewall

Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the DG834 is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include:

• Denial of Service (DoS) protection Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service (DoS) attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack and IP Spoofing.

• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.

• Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.

• Logs security incidents The DG834 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks, and administrator logins. You can configure the router to email the log to you at specified intervals. You can also configure the router to send immediate alert messages to your email address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs.

Content Filtering

With its content filtering feature, the DG834 prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites.

2-2 Introduction

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink™ LAN Ethernet Connections

With its internal 4-port 10/100 switch, the DG834 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. The local LAN ports are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.

The router incorporates Auto Uplink

technology. Each local Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a computer or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

Protocol Support

The DG834 supports Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Appendix B, “Network and Routing Basics” provides further information on TCP/IP.

• The Ability to Enable or Disable IP Address Sharing by NAT

The DG834 allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as Network Address Translation (NAT), allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account. This feature can also be turned off completely for using the DG834 if you want to manage the IP address scheme yo urself.

• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP

The DG834 dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, router, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network.

• DNS Proxy

When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.

• Classical IP (RFC 1577)

Some Internet service providers, in Europe for example, use Classical IP in their ADSL services. In such cases, the router is able to use the Classical IP address from the ISP.

Introduction 2-3

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

• PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)

PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as EnterNet or WinPOET on your computer.

• PPP over ATM (PPPoA)

PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating an ATM connection.

• Dynamic DNS

Dynamic DNS services allow remote users to find your network using a domain name when your IP address is not permanently assigned. The router contains a client that can connect to many popular Dynamic DNS services to register your dynamic IP address.

• Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

UPnP is a networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking technology. UPnP compliant routers provide broadband users at home and small businesses with a seamless way to participate in online games, videoconferencing and other peer-to-peer services.

Easy Installation and Management

You can install, configure, and operate the DG834 within minutes after connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:

• Browser-based management

Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your router from almost any type of personal computer, such as W indows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user -friendly Setup W izard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface.

• Smart Wizard

The router automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account.

• Remote management

The router allows you to login to the Web management interface from a remote location via the Internet. For security, you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP address or range of addresses, and you can choose a nonstandard port number.

2-4 Introduction

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

• Diagnostic functions

The router incorporates built-in diagnostic functions such as Ping, DNS lookup, and remote reboot. These functions allow you to test Internet connectivity and reboot the router. You can use these diagnostic functions directly from the DG834 when your are connect on the LAN or when you are connected over the Internet via the remote management function.

• Visual monitoring

The router’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.

• Flash erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) for firmware upgrade

What’s in the Box?

The product package should contain the following items:

• DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

• AC power adapter (varies by region)

• Category 5 (Cat 5) Ethernet cable

• Telephone cable

• Microfilters (quantity and type vary by region)

• ADSL Firewall Router Resource CD, including:

—This guide — Application Notes

• A Printed Quick Installation Guide

• Warranty and Support Information Cards

If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the product for repair.

Introduction 2-5

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

The Router’s Front Panel

The DG834 ADSL Firewall Router front panel shown below contains status LEDs.

Power Test Internet LAN

Figure 2-1: DG834 Front Panel

You can use the LEDs to verify various conditions. Table 2-1 lists and describes each LED on the front panel of the router. These LEDs are green when lit.

Table 2-1. LED Descriptions

Label Activity Description

Power On

Off

Test On

Off

Internet Blink — Amber

On — Green Blink — Green

LAN On (Green)

Blink (Green) On (Amber) Blink (Amber) Off

Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router.

The system is initializing. The system is ready and running.

Indicates ADSL training. The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device. Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port.

The Local port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps. The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps. No link is detected on this port.

2-6 Introduction

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

The Router’s Rear Panel

The rear panel of the DG834 ADSL Firewall Router (Figure 2-2) contains port connections.

Figure 2-2: DG834 Rear Panel

Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following elements:

• AC power adapter outlet

• Four Local Ethernet RJ-45 ports for connecting the router to the local computers

• Factory Default Reset push button

• ADSL port for connecting the router to an ADSL line

Introduction 2-7

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

2-8 Introduction

Chapter 3

Connecting the Router to the Internet

This chapter describes how to set up the router on your Local Area Network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. It describes how to configure your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection.

What You Need Before You Begin

You need to prepare these three things before you can establish an Internet connection through your router:

1. The router connected to an ADSL line and a computer properly connected to the router as

explained below.

2. Active Internet service such as that provided by an ADSL account.

3. The Internet Service Provider (ISP) configuration information for your DSL account.

ADSL Microfilter Requirements

ADSL technology uses the same wires as your telephone service. However, ADSL adds signals to the telephone lines which create noise in the telephone service. You must use ADSL microfilters to filter out these signals before they reach your telephone.

ADSL Microfilter

Phone

Figure 3-1: ADSL microfilter

Each device such as a telephone, fax machine, answering machine, or caller ID display will require an ADSL microfilter.

Connecting the Router to the Internet 3-1

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

Note: Do not connect the DG834 to the ADSL line through a microfilter unless the microfilter is a

combination microfilter/splitter specifically designed for this purpose. Doing so will prevent the built-in ADSL modem in the DG834 from establishing a connection to the Internet. If you have any doubts about this, connect the DG834 directly to the ADSL line.

ADSL Microfilter with Built-In Splitter

DSL

Phone

Figure 3-2: ADSL microfilter with built-in splitter

Line

Use an ADSL microfilter with built-in splitter when there is a single wall outlet which must provide connectivity for both the DG834 and telephon e equipment.

Ethernet Cabling Requirements

The DG834 router connects to your Ethernet LAN via twisted-pair cables. If the computer will connect to your network at 100 Mbps, you must use a Category 5 (CAT5) cable such as the one provided with your router.

Computer Hardware Requirements

To use the DG834 router on your network, each comp uter must have an installed Ethernet adapter and an Ethernet cable.

LAN Configuration Requirements

For the initial connection to the Internet and configuration of your router, you need to connect a computer to the router which is set to automatically get its TCP/IP configuration from the router via DHCP.

Note: Please refer to Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network” for assistance with DHCP

configuration.

3-2 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

Internet Configuration Requirements

Depending on how your ISP set up your Internet account, you need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your router to the Internet:

• Virtual Path Identifier (VPI)/Virtual Channel Indentifier (VCI) parameters

• Multiplexing Method

• Host and Domain Names

• ISP Login Name and Password

• ISP Domain Name Server (DNS) Addresses

• Fixed or Static IP Address

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters?

There are several ways you can gather the required Internet connection information.

• Your ISP should have provided you with all the information needed to connect to the Internet.

If you cannot locate this information, you can ask your ISP to provide it or you can try one of the options below.

• If you have a computer already connected using the active Internet access account, you can

gather the configuration information from that computer.

• For Windows 95/98/ME, open the Network control panel, select the TCP/IP entry for the Ethernet adapter, and click Properties.

• For Windows 200 0/XP, open the Local Area Network Connection, select the TCP/IP entry for the Ethernet adapter, and click Properties.

• For Macintosh computers, open the TCP/IP or Network control panel.

• You can also refer to the ADSL Firewall Router Resource CD for the NETGEAR Router ISP Guide which provides Internet connection information for many ISPs.

Once you locate your Internet configuration parameters, you may want to record them on the page below according to the instructions in “Record Your Internet Connection Information” on page

3-4.

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Record Your Internet Connection Information

Print this page. Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP Multiplexing Method and Virtual Circuit Number: The default settings of your DG834

ADSL Firewall Router will work fine for most ISPs. However, some ISPs use a specific Multiplexing Method or a Virtual Circuit Number for either the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) or V irtual Channel Identifier (VCI). If your ISP provided you with a specific Multiplexing Method or VPI/VCI number, then fill in the following:

Multiplexing Method, circle one: LLC-based or VC-based VPI: ________

65535.

ISP Login Name: The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP. Some ISPs use your full e-mail address as the login name. The Service Name is not required by all ISPs. If you use a login name and password, then fill in the following:

A number between 0 and 255. VCI: ___________ A number between 1 and

Password: ________________________ __ __

Service Name: _____________________________ Fixed or Static IP Addr ess: If you have a static IP address, record the following information. For

example, 169.254.141.148 could be a valid IP address. Fixed or Static Internet IP Address: ______

.______.______.______ Router IP Address: ______.______.______.______ Subnet Mask: ______.______.______.______

ISP DNS Server Addresses: If you were given DNS server addresses, fill in the following: Primary DNS Server IP Address: ______

.______.______.______

Secondary DNS Server IP Address: ______.______.______.______

Host and Domain Names: Some ISPs use a specific host or domain name like CCA7324-A or home. If you did not get host or domain names, use the following examples as a guide:

• If your main e-mail account with your ISP is aaa@yyy.com, then use aaa as your host name.

Your ISP might call this your account, user, host, computer, or system name.

• If your ISP’s mail server is mail.xxx.yyy.com, then use xxx.yyy.com as the domain name. ISP Host Name: _________________________

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ISP Domain Name: _______________________

Reference Manual for the Model DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

Connecting the DG834 to Your LAN

This section provides instructions for connecting the DG834 router.

Note: The Resource CD included with your router contains an animated Installation Assistant to

help you through this procedure.

How to Connect the Router

There are three steps to connecting your firewall:

1. Connect the router to your ADSL line.

2. Connect the router to the computers on your network.

3. Log in to the router.

4. Connect to the Internet.

Follow the steps below to connect your router to your network. Before you begin, locate the ADSL configuration information from your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

1. CONNECT THE DG834 TO THE ADSL LINE.

a. You need to install a filter on every telephone or device that shares the same phone

number as your ADSL router. Select the filter that came with your router.

One-Line Filter

Phone

Two-Line Filter

DSL

Phone

Line

With Splitter

Figure 3-3: ADSL microfilters

Note: If you purchased the DG834 in a country where the filter is not included, you must acquire one.

b. Two-Line Filter Example. Insert the two-line filter into the phone outlet and connect the

phone to the phone line connector (A).

Splitter

Figure 3-4: Connecting an ADSL microfilter and phone

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Line

Phone

DSL

Note: To use a one-line filter with a separate splitter, insert the splitter into the phone outlet, connect the one-line filter to the splitter, and connect the phone to the filter.

2. CONNECT THE DG834 TO THE INTERNET.

Note: Improperly connecting a filter to your DG834 router will block your ADSL connection.

a. Turn off your computer. b. Connect the ADSL port of the DG834 to the ADSL port (B) of the two-line filter.

Line

Phone

DSL

Figure 3-5: Connecting DG834 router to an ADSL microfilter and phone

Connect the Ethernet cable (C) from your DG834’s LAN port to the Ethernet adapter in your computer.

Figure 3-6: Connecting a computer to the DG834 router

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Line

Phone

DSL

Note: The DG834 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology. Each Ethernet LAN port will automatically sense whether the cable plugged into the port should have a 'normal' connection (for example, connecting to a computer) or an 'uplink' connection (for example, connecting to a switch or hub). That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

d. Connect the power adapter to the router and plug it in to a power outlet. Verify the

following:

The power light is lit after turning on the router.

The ADSL link light is solid green, indicating a link has been established to the ADSL network.

e. Now, turn on your computer. If software usually logs you in to your Internet connection,

do not run that software or cancel it if it starts automatically.

The local lights are lit for any connected computers.

3. LOG IN TO THE DG834.

Note: Your computer needs to be configured for DHCP. For instructions on configuring for DHCP, please see Appendix C in the Reference Manual on the ADSL Firewall Router Resource CD.

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Connect to the router by typing http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of Internet Explorer

or Netscape

Navigator.

Figure 3-7: Log in to the router

A login window opens as shown below:

Figure 3-8: Login window

When prompted, enter admin for the user name and password for the password, both in lower case letters. After logging in, you will see the menu below.

Figure 3-9: Setup Wizard

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CONNECT TO THE INTERNET

The router is now properly attached to your network. You are now ready to configure your router to connect to the Internet. There are two ways you can configure your router to connect to the Internet:

a. Let the DG834 auto-detect the type of Internet connection you have and configure it. b. Manually choose which type of Internet connection you have and configure it.

These options are described below. In either case, unless your ISP automatically assigns your configuration automatically via DHCP, you need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in “Record Your Internet Connection Information” on page 3-4.

Auto-Detecting Your Internet Connection Type

The Web Configuration Manager built in to the router contains a Setup Wizard that can automatically determine your network connection type.

1. If your router has not yet been configured, the Setup Wizard shown in Figure 3-9 should

launch automatically. Note: If instead of the Setup Wizard menu, the main menu of the router’s Configuration

Manager as shown in Figure 3-15 appears, click the Setup Wizard link in the upper left to bring up this menu.

2. You must select a country and language. Language choices are English, French, German, and

Italian. After you change the language, the remaining setup screens change to the language of your choice.

3. Select Yes to allow the router to automatically determine your connection.

4. Click Next.

The Setup Wizard will now check for the following connection types:

• Dynamic IP assignment

• A login protocol such as PPPoE or PPPoA

• Classical IP over ATM (RFC1577)

• Fixed IP address assignment Next, the Setup Wizard will report which connection type it has discovered, and then display

the appropriate configuration page. If the Setup Wizard finds no connection, you will be prompted to check the physical connection between your router and the ADSL line. When the connection is properly made, the router’s Internet LED should be on.

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The ADSL settings for the multiplexing method and VPI/VCI will update with the preset

defaults. The multiplexing method preset default settings will usually work. Only change the multiplexing method if you are sure your ISP requires Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) or Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) settings that are different from the default values.

Incorrect VPI or VCI settings will prevent you from connecting to the Internet. To change these settings, click the ADSL Settings link on the main menu. See “ADSL Settings” on page

3-19 for more details.

The procedures for filling in the configuration page for each type of connection follow below.

Wizard-Detected PPPoE Login Account Setup

If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE), you will be directed to the PPPoE page shown in Figure 3-10:

Figure 3-10: Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE login accounts

Enter the PPPoE login user name and password.

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Wizard-Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup

If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over ATM (PPPoA), you will be directed to the PPPoA page shown in Figure 3-10 below:

Figure 3-11: Setup Wizard menu for PPPoA login accounts

Enter your login user name and password. These fields are case sensitive.

Wizard-Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup

If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses Dynamic IP assignment, you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3-12 below:

Figure 3-12: Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address

Click Apply to set Dynamic IP as the connection method.

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Wizard-Detected IP Over ATM Account Setup

If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses IP Over ATM Classical IP assignment (RFC1577), you will be directed to the menu shown in Figure 3-13 below:

Figure 3-13: Setup Wizard menu for IP Over ATM (Classical IP) address

Enter your assigned IP Address and Subnet Mask. This information should have been provided to you by your ISP. You need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in “Record Your Internet Connection Information” on page 3-4.

2. Enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is

available, enter it also. DNS servers are required to perform the function of translating an Internet name such as

www.netgear.com to a numeric IP address. For a fixed IP address configuration, you must obtain DNS server addresses from your ISP and enter them manually here.

3. Click Apply to save the settings.

4. Click the Test button to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR Web site does not

appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 7, “Troubleshooting”.

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Wizard-Detected Fixed IP (Static) Account Setup

If the router determines that your Internet service account uses Fixed IP assignment, you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3-14 below:

Figure 3-14: Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address

If required, enter the Account Name and Domain Name from your ISP.

2. Choose “Use Static IP Address” or “Use IP Over ATM” (IPoA — RFC1483 Routed)

according to the information from your ISP. If you choose IPoA, the router will be able to detect the gateway IP address but you still need to provide the router IP address.

3. Enter your assigned IP Address, Subnet Mask, and the IP Address of your ISP’s gateway

router. This information should have been provided to you by your ISP. You need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in “Record Your Internet Connection

Information” on page 3-4.

4. Enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is

available, enter it also. DNS servers are required to perform the function of translating an Internet name such as

www.netgear.com to a numeric IP address. For a fixed IP address configuration, you must obtain DNS server addresses from your ISP and enter them manually here.

5. Click Apply to save the settings.

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Click the Test button to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR Web site does not

appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 7, “Troubleshooting”.

Testing Your Internet Connection

After completing the Internet connection configuration, your can test your Internet connection. Log in to the router, then, from the Basic Settings link in the Setup menu, click the Test button. If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 7,

“Troubleshooting”.

Your router is now configured to provide Internet access for your network. Your router automatically connects to the Internet when one of your computers requires access. It is not necessary to run a dialer or login application such as Dial-Up Networking or Enternet to connect, log in, or disconnect. These functions are performed by the router as needed.

To access the Internet from any computer connected to your router, launch a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigato r. You should see the router’s Internet LED blink, indicating communication to the ISP. The browser should begin to display a Web page.

The following chapters describe how to configure the Advanced features of your router, and how to troubleshoot problems that may occur.

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Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection

You can manually configure your router using the menu below, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section.

ISP Does Not Require Login

ISP Does Require Login

Figure 3-15: Basic Settings menu

How to Perform Manual Configuration

We recommend that you start the manual configuration from the Setup Wizard:

1. Select your country and language. Language choices are English, French, G erman, and Italian .

After you change the language, the remaining setup screens change to the language of your choice.

2. Select No to manually configure your router connection.

3. Click Next.

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Manually configure the router in the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3-15.

5. Follow the instructions below according to the encapsulation method and whether your

Internet connection requires a login. The following methods are available:

• Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE

• Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA

• Internet Connection Does Not Require a Login

6. Usually the default ADSL Settings work fine for most ISPs and you can skip this step. If you

have any problems with your connection, check the ADSL Settings. See “ADSL Settings” on

page 3-19 for more details.

Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE

1. If your Internet connection does require login, select Yes and fill in the settings according to

the instructions below. Note: You will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your computer in order to

access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router automatically logs you in.

2. Choose PPPoe for the encapsulation method your ISP uses.

3. Enter the login name (frequently the email address your ISP provided), password, and service

name (if required).

4. If you want to change the login timeout, enter a new value in minutes. This determines how

long the router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN. Entering an Idle Timeout value of zero means never log out.

5. The DNS server is used to look up site addresses based on their names.

• Select “Get Automatically from ISP” if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address. Your ISP will automatically assign this address.

• Select “Use These DNS Servers” if your ISP gave you one or two DNS addresses. Type the primary and secondary addresses.

6. You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it. NAT automatically assigns

private IP addresses (192.168.0.x) to LAN connected devices. When NAT is disabled, only standard routing is performed by this router. Classical routing lets you directly manage the IP addresses the DG834 uses. Classical routing should selected only by experienced users.

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Note: Disabling NAT will reboot the router and reset all the DG834 configuration settings to the factory default. Disable NAT only if you plan to install the DG834 in a setting where you will be manually administering the IP address space on the LAN side of the router.

Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA

1. If your Internet connection does require login, select Yes and fill in the settings according to

the instructions below. Note: You will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your computer in order to

access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router automatically logs you in.

2. Choose PPPoA for the encapsulation method your ISP uses.

3. Enter the login name (frequently the email address your ISP provided), and password.

4. If you want to change the login timeout, enter a new value in minutes. This determines how

long the router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN. Entering an Idle Timeout value of zero means never log out.

5. Internet IP Address:

• Select “Get Dynamically from ISP” if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address. Your ISP will automatically assign these addresses.

• Select “Use Static IP Address” if your ISP has assigned you a permanent, fixed (static) IP address. Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned.

6. The DNS server is used to look up site addresses based on their names.

• Select “Get Automatically from ISP” if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address. Your ISP will automatically assign this address.

• Select “Use These DNS Servers” if your ISP has assigned you DNS server addresses. Enter the Primary and Secondary DNS server addresses that your ISP provided.

7. You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it. NAT automatically assigns

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Internet Connection Does Note Require A Login

1. If your Internet connection does not require a login, select No and fill in the settings according

to the instructions below.

2. Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name.

These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s mail or news servers.

3. Internet IP Address:

• Select “Get Dynamically from ISP” if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address. Your ISP will automatically assign these addresses.

• Select “Use Static IP Address” if your ISP has assigned you a permanent, fixed (static) IP address. Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned. Also enter the IP Subnet Mask and the Gateway IP Address. The gateway is the ISP’s router to which your router will connect.

• Select “IP Over ATM (IPoA)” if your ISP uses Classical IP Addresses (RFC1577). Enter the IP address, IP Subnet Mask, and Gateway IP Addresses that your ISP assigned.

4. Domain Name Server (DNS) Address:

• Select “Get Dynamically from ISP” if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address. Your ISP will automatically assign this address.

• If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login, select “Use these DNS servers” and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also.

A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www .netgear.com) to numeric IP addresses. Typically your ISP transfers the IP address of one or two DNS servers to your router during login. If the ISP does not transfer an address, you must obtain it from the ISP and enter it manually here.

5. You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it. NAT automatically assigns

private IP addresses (192.168.0.x) to LAN connected devices. When NAT is disabled, only standard routing is performed by this router.

Classical routing lets you directly manage the IP addresses the DG834 uses. Classical routing should selected only by experienced users.

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Router MAC Address:

This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port. Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened. They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by “cloning” its MAC address.

T o change the MAC address, select “Use this Computer’ s MAC address.” The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using. You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP. Or, select “Use this MAC address” and enter it.

7. Click Apply to save your settings.

8. Click the Test button to test your Internet connection.

If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 7,

“Troubleshooting”.

ADSL Settings

The default settings of your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router will work fine for most ISPs. However, some ISPs use a specific Multiplexing Method or a Virtual Circuit Number for either the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) or Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI).

Note: The correct country must be selected from the Setup Wizard’s first page for the default

ADSL Settings to work. If your ISP provided you with a specific Multiplexing Method or VPI/VCI number, then fill in the

following:

1. Select the ADSL Settings link from the main menu.

2. For the Multiplexing Method, select LLC-based or VC-based.

3. Type a number between 0 and 255 for the VPI. The default is 8.

4. Type a number between 1 and 65535 for the VCI. The default is 35.

5. Click Apply.

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3-20 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Chapter 4

Protecting Your Network

This chapter describes how to use the basic firewall features of the DG834 ADSL Firewall Router to protect your network.

Protecting Access to Your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router

For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. Also, after a period of inactivity for a set length of time, the administrator login will automatically disconnect. When prompted, enter admin for the router User Name and password for the router Password. You can use procedures below to change the router's password and the amount of time for the administrator’s login timeout.

Note: The user name and password are not the same as any user name or password your may use

to log in to your Internet connection. NETGEAR recommends that you change this password to a more secure password. The ideal

password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of both upper and lower case letters, numbers, and symbols. Your password can be up to 30 characters.

How to Change the Built-In Password

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

Figure 4-1: Log in to the router

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From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Set

Password to bring up the menu shown in Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2: Set Password menu

To change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice.

4. Click Apply to save your changes.

Note: After changing the password, you will be required to log in again to continue the

configuration. If you have backed up the router settings previously , you should do a new backup so that the saved settings file includes the new password.

Changing the Administrator Login Timeout

For security, the administrator's login to the router configuration will timeout after a period of inactivity. To change the login timeout period:

1. In the Set Password menu, type a number in ‘Administrator login times out’ field. The

suggested default value is 5 minutes.

2. Click Apply to save your changes or click Cancel to keep the current period.

Configuring Basic Firewall Services

Basic firewall services you can configure include access blocking and scheduling of firewall security. These topics are presented below.

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Blocking Keywords, Sites, and Services

The router provides a variety of options for blocking Internet based content and communications services. With its content filtering feature, the DG834 router prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses. Key content filtering options include:

• Keyword blocking of HTTP traffic.

• Outbound Service Blocking limits access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.

• Denial of Service (DoS) protection. Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service (DoS) attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack and IP Spoofing.

• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.

The section below explains how to configure your

router to perform these functions.

How to Block Keywords and Sites

The DG834 router allows you to restrict access to Internet content based on functions such as W eb addresses and Web address keywords.

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

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Select the Block Sites link of the Security menu.

Figure 4-3: Block Sites menu

To enable keyword blocking, select one of the following:

• Per Schedule to turn on keyword blocking according to the settings on the Schedule page.

• Always to turn on keyword blocking all of the time, independent of the Schedule page.

4. Enter a keyword or domain in the Keyword box, click Add Keyword, then click Apply.

Some examples of Keyword application follow:

• If the keyword “XXX” is specified, the URL <http://www.badstuff.com/xxx.html> is

blocked.

• If the keyword “.com” is specified, only Web sites with other domain suffixes (such as

.edu or .gov) can be viewed.

• Enter the keyword “.” to block all Internet browsing access. Up to 32 entries are supported in the Keyword list.

5. To delete a keyword or domain, select it from the list, click Delete Keyword, then click Apply.

6. To specify a trusted user, enter that computer’s IP address in the Trusted IP Address box and

click Apply. You can specify one trusted user, which is a computer that will be exempt from blocking and

logging. Since the trusted user will be identified by an IP address, you should configure that computer with a fixed IP address.

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Click Apply to save your settings.

Firewall Rules

Firewall rules are used to block or allow specific traffic passing through from one side to the other. Inbound rules (WAN to LAN) restrict access by outsiders to private resources, selectively allowing only specific outside users to access specific resources. Outbound rules (LAN to W AN) determine what outside resources local users can have access to.

A firewall has two default rules, one for inbound traffic and one for outbound. The default rules of the DG834 are:

• Inbound: Block all access from outside except responses to requests from the LAN side.

• Outbound: Allow all access from the LAN side to the outside.

You can define additional rules that will specify exceptions to the default rules. By adding custom rules, you can block or allow access based on the service or application, source or de stination IP addresses, and time of day. You can also choose to log traffic that matches or does not match the rule you have defined.

You can change the order of precedence of rules so that the rule that applies most often will take effect first. See “Order of Precedence for Rules” on page 4-12 for more details.

To access the rules configuration of the DG834, click the Firewall Rules link on the main menu, then click Add for either an Outbound or Inbound Service.

Figure 4-4: Rules menu

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• To edit an existing rule, select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit.

• To delete an existing rule, select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete.

• T o move an existing rule to a dif ferent position in the table, select its button on the left side

of the table and click Move. At the script prompt, enter the number of the desired new position and click OK.

Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding)

Because the DG834 uses Network Address Translation (NAT), your network presents only one IP address to the Internet, and outside users cannot directly address any of your local computers. However, by defining an inbound rule you can make a local server (for example, a Web server or game server) visible and available to the Internet . The rule tells the router to di rect inbou nd traffic for a particular service to one local server based on the destination port number. This is also known as port forwarding.

Note: Some residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to the Acceptable Use Policy of your ISP.

Remember that allowing inbound services opens holes in your firewall. Only enable those ports that are necessary for your network. Following are two applic ation examples of inbound rules:

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Inbound Rule Example: A Local Public Web Server

If you host a public Web server on your local network, you can define a rule to allow inbound W eb (HTTP) requests from any outside IP address to the IP address of your Web server at any time of day. This rule is shown in Figure 4-5:

Figure 4-5: Rule example: A Local Public Web Server

The parameters are:

•Service

From this list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays many common services, but you are not limited to these choices. Use the Services menu to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear.

• Action

Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled. You can block or allow always, or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu.

• Send to LAN Server

Enter the IP address of the computer or server on your LAN which will receive the inbound traffic covered by this rule.

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• WAN Users

These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule, based on their source (WAN) IP address. Select the desired option:

• Any — all IP addresses are covered by this rule.

• Address range — if this option is selected, you must enter the Start and Finish fields.

• Single address — enter the required address in the Start fields.

•Log

You can select whether the traffic will be logged. The choices are:

• Never — no log entries will be made for this service.

• Always — any traffic for this service type will be logged.

• Match — traffic of this type which matches the parameters and action will be logged.

• Not match — traffic of this type which does not match the parameters and action will be logged.

Inbound Rule Example: Allowing Videoconferencing

If you want to allow incoming videoconferencing to be initiated from a restricted range of outside IP addresses, such as from a branch office, you can create an inbound rule. In the example shown in Figure 4-6, CU-SeeMe connections are allowed only from a specified range of external IP addresses. In this case, we have also specified logging of any incoming CU-SeeMe requests that do not match the allowed parameters.

Figure 4-6: Rule example: Videoconference from Restricted Addresses

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Considerations for Inbound Rules

• If your external IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP, the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires. Consider using the Dynamic DNS feature in the Advanced menus so that external users can always find your network.

• If the IP address of the local server computer is assigned by DHCP, it may change when the computer is rebooted. To avoid this, use the Reserved IP address feature in the LAN IP menu to keep the computer’s IP address constant.

• Local computers must access the local server using the computer’s local LAN address (192.168.0.11 in the example in Figure 4-6 above). Attempts by local computers to access the server using the external WAN IP address will fail.

Outbound Rules (Service Blocking)

The DG834 allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by computers on your network. This is called service blocking or port filtering. You can define an outbound rule to block Internet access from a local computer based on:

• IP address of the local computer (source address)

• IP address of the Internet site being contacted (destination address)

•Time of day

• Type of service being requested (service port number)

Following is an application example of outbound rules:

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Outbound Rule Example: Blocking Instant Messenger

If you want to block Instant Messenger usage by employees during working hours, you can create an outbound rule to block that application from any internal IP address to any external address according to the schedule that you have created in the Schedule menu. Y ou can also have the router log any attempt to use Instant Messenger during that blocked period.

Figure 4-7: Rule example: Blocking Instant Messenger

The parameters are:

•Service

From this list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays many common services, but you are not limited to these choices. Use the Add Custom Service feature to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear.

• Action

Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled. You can block or allow always, or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu.

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• LAN Users

These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule, based on their source LAN IP address. Select the desired option:

• Any — all IP addresses are covered by this rule.

• Address range — if this option is selected, you must enter the Start and Finish fields.

• Single address — enter the required address in the Start fields.

• WAN Users

These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule, based on their destination WAN IP address. Select the desired option:

• Any — all IP addresses are covered by this rule.

• Address range —if this option is selected, you must enter the Start and Finish fields.

• Single address — enter the required address in the Start fields.

•Log

You can select whether the traffic will be logged. The choices are:

• Never — no log entries will be made for this service.

• Always — any traffic for this service type will be logged.

• Match — traffic of this type that matches the parameters and action will be logged.

• Not match — traffic of this type that does not match the parameters and action wil l be logged.

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Order of Precedence for Rules

As you define new rules, they are added to the tables in the Rules menu, as shown in Figure 4-8:

Figure 4-8: Rules table with examples

For any traffic attempting to pass through the firewall, the packet information is subjected to the rules in the order shown in the Rules T able, beginning at the top and proceeding to the default rules at the bottom. In some cases, the order of precedence of two or more rules may be important in determining the disposition of a packet. The Move button allows you to relocate a defined rule to a new position in the table.

Services

Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers. For example, Web servers serve Web pages, time servers serve time and date information, and game hosts serve data about other players’ moves. When a computer on the Internet sends a request for service to a server computer, the requested service is identified by a service or port number. This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets. For example, a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP (Web server) request.

The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and published in RFC1700, “Assigned Numbers.” Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application.

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Although the DG834 already holds a list of many service port numbers, you are not limited to these choices. Use the procedure below to create your own service definitions.

How to Define Services

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. Select the Services link of the Security menu to display the Services menu shown in

Figure 4-9:

Figure 4-9: Services menu

• To create a new Service, click the Add Custom Service button.

• To edit an existing Service, select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit Service.

• To delete an existing Service, select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete Service.

3. Use the page shown below to define or edit a service.

Figure 4-10: Add Services menu

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Click Apply to save your changes.

Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall Services

The DG834 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time and date from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet.

How to Set Your Time Zone

In order to localize the time for your log entries, you must specify your Time Zone:

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. Select the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown below.

Figure 4-11: Schedule Services menu

Select your Time Zone. This setting will be used for the blocking schedule according to your local time zone and for time-stamping log entries.

Select the Adjust for daylight savings time box if your time zone is currently in daylight savings time.

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Note: If your region uses Daylight Savings Time, you must manually select Adjust for Daylight Savings Time on the first day of Daylight Savings Time, and clear it at the end. Enabling Daylight Savings Time will cause one hour to be added to the standard time.

4. The router has a list of NETGEAR NTP servers. If you would prefer to use a particular NTP

server as the primary server, enter its IP address under Use this NTP Server.

5. Click Apply to save your settings.

How to Schedule Firewall Services

If you enabled services blocking in the Block Services menu or Port forwarding in the Ports menu, you can set up a schedule for when blocking occurs or when access is not restricted.

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. Select the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown above in the Schedule

Services menu.

3. T o block Internet services based on a schedule, select Every Day or select one or more days. If

you want to limit access completely for the selected days, select All Day. Otherwise, to limit access during certain times for the selected days, enter Start Blocking and End Blocking times.

Note: Enter the values in 24-hour time format. For example, 10:30 am would be 10 hours and

30 minutes and 10:30 pm would be 22 hou rs and 30 minutes. If you set the start time after the end time, the schedule will be effective through midnight the next day.

4. Click Apply to save your changes.

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Chapter 5

Managing Your Network

This chapter describes how to perform network management tasks with your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

Backing Up, Restoring, or Erasing Your Settings

The configuration settings of the DG834 router are stored in a configuration file in the router. This file can be backed up to your computer, restored, or reverted to factory default settings. The procedures below explain how to do these tasks.

How to Back Up the Configuration to a File

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu, select the Backup Settings menu as seen in

Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1: Backup Settings menu

Click Backup to save a copy of the current settings.

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Store the .cfg file on a computer on your network.

How to Restore the Configuration from a File

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu, select the Settings Backup menu as seen in

Figure 5-1.

3. Enter the full path to the file on your network or click the Browse button to locate the file.

4. When you have located the .cfg file, click the Restore button to upload the file to the router.

5. The router will then reboot automatically.

How to Erase the Configuration

It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to the factory default settings. This can be done by using the Erase function.

1. To erase the configuration, from the Maintenance menu Settings Backup link, click the Erase

button on the screen.

2. The router will then reboot automatically.

After an erase, the router's password will be password, the LAN IP address will be

192.168.0.1, and the router's DHCP client will be enabled.

Note: To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or

IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. See “DG834 Rear

Panel“ on page 2-7.

Upgrading the Router’s Firmware

The software of the DG834 router is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR.

Upgrade files can be downloaded from NETGEAR's Web site. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the binary (.BIN or .IMG) file before uploading it to the router.

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How to Upgrade the Router Firmware

Note: NETGEAR recommends that you back up your configuration before doing a firmware

upgrade. After the upgrade is complete, you may need to restore your configuration settings.

1. Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR.

The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the router must support HTTP uploads. NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.7 or above.

2. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

3. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the

Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2: Router Upgrade menu

In the Router Upgrade menu, click the Browse to locate the binary (.BIN or .IMG) upgrade file.

5. Click Upload.

Note: When uploading software to the router, it is important not to interrupt the Web

browser by closing the window, clicking a link, or loading a new page. If the browser is interrupted, it may corrupt the software. When the upload is complete, your router will automatically restart. The upgrade process will typically take about one minute. In some cases, you may need to clear the configuration and reconfigure the router after upgrading.

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Network Management Information

The DG834 provides a variety of status and usage information which is discussed below.

Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics

From the Main Menu, under Maintenance, select Router Status to view the screen in Figu re 5-3.

Figure 5-3: Router Status screen

The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information.

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This screen shows the following parameters:

Table 5-1. Menu 3.2 - Router Status Fields

Field Description

Account Name The Host Name assigned to the router in the Basic Settings menu. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. ADSL Port These parameters apply to the Internet (ADSL) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Internet

(ADSL) port of the router.

IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Internet (ADSL) port

of the router. If no address is shown, the router cannot connect to the Internet.

DHCP If None, the router will use a fixed IP address on the ADSL.

If Client, the router will obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet

(ADSL) port of the router.

Domain Name Server (DNS) This field displays the DNS Server IP addresses being used by the

router. These addresses are usually obtained dynamically from the ISP.

LAN Port These parameters apply to the Local (ADSL) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Local

(LAN) port of the router.

IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Local (LAN) port of

the router. The default is 192.168.0.1

DHCP If OFF, the router will not assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN.

If ON, the router will assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN.

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local (LAN)

port of the router. The default is 255.255.255.0.

Modem These parameters apply to the Local (WAN) port of the router.

ADSL Firmware Version The version of the firmware. Modem Status The connection status of the modem. Downstream Speed The speed at which the modem is receiving data from the ADSL line. Upstream Speed The speed at which the modem is transmitting data to the ADSL line. VPI The Virtual Path Identifier setting. VCI The Virtual Channel Identifier setting.

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Click the Show Statistics button to display router usage statistics, as shown in Figure 5-3 below:

Figure 5-4: Router Statistics screen

This screen shows the following statistics:.

Table 5-1. Router Statistics Fields

Field Description

WAN, LAN, or Serial Port

Status The link status of the port. TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear. RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear. Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear. Tx B/s The current line utilization—percentage of current bandwidth used on this port. Rx B/s The average line utilization for this port. Up Time The time elapsed since the last power cycle or reset.

Poll Interval Specifies the interval at which the statistics are updated in this window. Click Stop to

The statistics for the WAN (Internet), LAN (local), and Serial ports. For each port, the screen displays:

freeze the display.

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Click the Connection Status button to display router connection status, as shown in Figure 5-5 and

Figure 5-6.

Figure 5-5: Connection Status screen for Dynamic IP

Clicking the Renew button updates the status information. This screen shows the following statistics:

Table 5-1. Connection St atus Fields for Dynamic IP

Field Description

IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider. Subnet Mask Then Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider. Default Gateway Then default gateway router assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service

Provider. DHCP Server The DHCP server’s IP address. DNS Server The DNS server’s IP address. Lease Obtained Date and time the lease was obtained. Lease Expires Date and time the lease expires.

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An alternate view of the Connection Status screen is shown in Figure 5-6 below:

Figure 5-6: Connection Status screen for PPPoA

Clicking the Renew button updates the status information. This screen shows the following statistics:

Table 5-1. Connection Status Fields for PPPoA

Field Description

Connection Time The time elapsed since the last connection to the Internet via the ADSL port. Connection Method The method the ADSL port acquired its TCP/IP configuration. Negotiation ON or OFF Authentication ON or OFF IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider. Network Mask Then Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider.

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Viewing Attached Devices

The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown in Figure 5-7

Figure 5-7: Attached Devices menu

For each device, the table shows the IP address, Device Name if available, and the Ethernet MAC address. Note that if the router is rebooted, the table data is lost until the router rediscovers the devices. To force the router to look for attached devices, click the Refresh button.

Viewing, Selecting, and Saving Logged Information

The router will log security-related events such as denied incoming service requests, hacker probes, and administrator logins. If you enabled content filtering in the Block Sites menu, the Logs page can show you when someone on your network tries to access a blocked site. If you enabled e-mail notification, you will receive these logs in an e-mail message. If you do not have e-mail notification enabled, you can view the logs here.

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An example of the logs file is shown below.

Figure 5-8: Security Logs menu

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Log entries are described in Table 5-1 below:

Table 5-1. Security Log entry descriptions

Field Description

Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded. Description or

The type of event and what action was taken if any.

Action Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry. Source port and

interface

The service port number of the initiating device, and whether it

originated from the LAN or WAN Destination The name or IP address of the destination device or Web site. Destination port

and interface

The service port number of the destination device, and whether

it’s on the LAN or WAN.

Log action buttons are described in Table 5-2

Table 5-2. Security Log action buttons

Field Description

Refresh Refresh the log screen. Clear Log Clear the log entries. Send Log Email the log immediately. Apply Apply the current settings. Cancel Clear the current settings.

Selecting What Information to Log

Besides the standard information listed above, you can choose to log additional information. Those optional selections are as follows:

• Attempted access to blocked site

• Connections to the Web-based interface of the router

• Router operation (start up, get time, etc.)

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• Known DoS attacks and Port Scans

Saving Log Files on a Server

You can choose to write the logs to a computer running a syslog program. To activate this feature, select to Broadcast Lan or enter the IP address of the server where the Syslog file will be written.

Examples of Log Messages

Following are examples of log messages. In all cases, the log entry shows the timestamp as: Day, Year-Month-Date Hour:Minute:Second

Activation and Administration

Tue, 2002-05-21 18:48:39 - NETGEAR activated

[This entry indicates a power-up or reboot with initial time entry.]

Tue, 2002-05-21 18:55:00 - Administrator login successful - IP:192.168.0.2 Thu, 2002-05-21 18:56:58 - Administrator logout - IP:192.168.0.2

[This entry shows an administrator logging in and out from IP address 192.168.0.2.]

Tue, 2002-05-21 19:00:06 - Login screen timed out - IP:192.168.0.2

[This entry shows a time-out of the administrator login.]

Wed, 2002-05-22 22:00:19 - Log emailed

[This entry shows when the log was emailed.]

Dropped Packets

Wed, 2002-05-22 07:15:15 - TCP packet dropped - Source:64.12.47.28,4787,WAN Destination:134.177.0.11,21,LAN - [Inbound Default rule match]

Sun, 2002-05-22 12:50:33 - UDP packet dropped - Source:64.12.47.28,10714,WAN Destination:134.177.0.11,6970,LAN - [Inbound Default rule match]

Sun, 2002-05-22 21:02:53 - ICMP packet dropped - Source:64.12.47.28,0,WAN Destination:134.177.0.11,0,LAN - [Inbound Default rule match]

[These entries show an inbound FTP (port 21) packet, User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet (port 6970), and Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packet (port 0) being dropped as a result of the default inbound rule, which states that all inbound packets are denied.]

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Enabling Security Event E-mail Notification

In order to receive logs and alerts by e-mail, you must provide your e-mail information in the E-mail subheading:

• Turn e-mail notification on. Select this box if you want to receive e-mail logs and alerts from

the router.

• Send alerts and logs via email. Enter the name or IP address of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP)

mail server (such as mail.myISP.com). You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e-mail program. Enter the e-mail address to which logs and alerts are sent. This e-mail address will also be used as the From address. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.

• Send alert immediately . Select a box if you would like immediate notificat ion of a significant

security event, such as a known attack, port scan, or attempted access to a blocked site.

• Send logs according to this schedule. Specifies how often to send the logs: Hourly, Daily,

Weekly, or When Full. – Day for sending log

Specifies which day of the week to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily .

– Time for sending log

Specifies the time of day to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly.

If the Weekly, Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period, the log is automatically e-mailed to the specified e-mail address. After the log is sent, it is cleared from the router’s memory. If the router cannot e-mail the log file, the log buffer may fill up. In this case, the router overwrites the log and discards its contents.

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Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router

The DG834 router has a diagnostics feature. You can use the diagnostics menu to perform the following functions from the router:

• Ping an IP Address to test connectivity to see if you can reach a remote host.

• Perform a DNS Lookup to test if an Internet name resolves to an IP address to verify that the DNS server configuration is working.

• Display the Routing Table to identify what other routers the router is communicating with.

• Reboot the router to enable new network configurations to take effect or to clear problems with the router’s network connection.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Router Diagnostics heading to display the menu shown in Figure 5-9.

Figure 5-9: Diagnostics menu

Enabling Remote Management

Using the Remote Management page, you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure, upgrade and check the status of your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

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Note: Be sure to change the router's default password to a very secure password. The

ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of letters (both upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols. Your password can be up to 30 characters.

Configuring Remote Management

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Advanced section of the main menu, select the Remote Management link.

3. Select the Turn Remote Management On check box.

4. Specify what external addresses will be allowed to access the router’s remote management.

For security, restrict access to as few external IP addresses as practical.

a. To allow access from any IP address on the Internet, select Everyone. b. To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet, select IP address range.

Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range.

c. To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet, select Only this Computer .

Enter the IP address that will be allowed access.

5. Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface.

Web browser a ccess normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80. For greater security, you can change the remote management Web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided. Choose a number between 1024 and 65535, but do not use the number of any common service port. The default is 8080, which is a co mmon alternate for HTTP.

6. Click Apply to have your changes take effect.

When accessing your router from the Internet, you will type your router's WAN IP address in your browser's Address (in IE) or Location (in Netscape) box, followed by a colon (:) and the custom port number. For example, if your external address is 134.177.0.123 and you use port number 8080, enter in your browser:

http://134.177.0.123:8080

Note: In this case, the http:// must be included in the address.

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Chapter 6

Advanced Configuration

This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

Configuring Advanced Security

The DG834 ADSL Firewall Router provides a variety of advanced features, such as:

• Setting up a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) Server

• Connecting Automatically, as Required

• Disabling Port Scan and DOS Protection

• Responding to a Ping on the Internet WAN Port

•MTU Size

• The flexibility of configuring your LAN TCP/IP settings

• Using the Router as a DHCP Server

• Configuring Dynamic DNS

• Configuring Static Routes

These features are discussed below.

Setting Up A Default DMZ Server

The Default DMZ Server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are incompatible with NAT. The router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, one local computer can run the application properly if that computer’s IP address is entered as the Default DMZ Server.

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Note: For security reasons, you should avoid using the Default DMZ Server feature.

When a computer is designated as the Default DMZ Server, it loses much of the protection of the firewall, and is exposed to many exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the computer can be used to attack your network.

Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu. Instead of discarding this traffic, you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network. This computer is called the Default DMZ Server.

How to Configure a Default DMZ Server

To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server, follow these steps:

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Main Menu, under Advanced, click the WAN Setup link to view the page shown in

Figure 6-1

Figure 6-1: WAN Setup Page

Click Default DMZ Server.

4. Type the IP address for that server.

5. Click Apply to save your changes.

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Connect Automatically, as Required

Normally, this option should be Enabled, so that an Internet connection will be made automatically, whenever Internet-bound traffic is detected. If this causes high connection costs, you can disable this setting.

If disabled, you must connect manually, using the sub-screen accessed from the "Connection Status" button on the Status screen.

If you have an "Always on" connection, this setting has no effect.

Disable Port Scan and DOS Protection

The Firewall protects your LAN against Port Scans and Denial of Service (DOS) attacks. This should be disabled only in special circumstances.

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port

If you want the router to respond to a 'ping' from the Internet, select the ‘Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port’ check box. This should only be used as a diagnostic tool, since it allows your router to be discovered. Do not select this box unless you have a specific reason to do so.

MTU Size

The normal MTU (Maximum Transmit Unit) value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes, or 1492 Bytes for PPPoE connections. For some ISPs you may need to reduce the MTU. But this is rarely required, and should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary for your ISP connection.

Configuring LAN IP Settings

The LAN IP Setup menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side, and to act as a DHCP server. The router’s default LAN IP configuration is:

• LAN IP addresses—192.168.0.1

• Subnet mask—255.255.255.0

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These addresses are part of the Internet Engineering T ask Force (IETF)-designated private address range for use in private networks, and should be suitable in most applications. If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme, you can make those changes in this menu.

Figure 6-2: LAN IP Setup Menu

The LAN TCP/IP Setup parameters are:

• IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router.

• IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router. Combined with the IP address, the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it, and which must be reached through a gateway or router.

• RIP Direction RIP (Router Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction selection controls how the Router sends and receives RIP packets. Both is the default.

— When set to Both or Out Only, the router will broadcast its routing table periodically. — When set to Both or In Only, it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives. — When set to None, it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets

received.

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• RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends. It recognizes both formats when receiving. By default, this is set for RIP-1.

— RIP-1 is universally supported. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you

have an unusual network setup.

— RIP-2 carries more information. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M send the routing data in RIP-2

format. — RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting. — RIP-2M uses multicasting.

Note: If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the

browser, you will be disconnected. You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again.

DHCP

By default, the router will function as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, allowing it to assign IP, DNS server, and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router's LAN. The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router. IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu. Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN.

For most applications, the default DHCP and TCP/IP settings of the router are satisfactory . See “IP

Configuration by DHCP”on page B-10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to

assign IP addresses for your network.

Use Router as DHCP server

If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers, clear the ‘Use router as DHCP server’ check box. Otherwise, leave it selected.

Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address. These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the router’s LAN IP address. Using the default addressing scheme, you should define a range between 192.168.0.2 and

192.168.0.254, although you may want to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses.

The router will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP:

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• An IP Address from the range you have defined

• Subnet Mask

• Gateway IP Address is the router’s LAN IP address

• Primary DNS Server, if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu; otherwise, the router’s LAN IP address

• Secondary DNS Server, if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu

• WINS Server, short for Windows Internet Naming Service Server, determines the IP address associated with a particular Windows computer. A WINS server records and reports a list of names and IP address of Windows PCs on its local network. If you connect to a remote network that contains a WINS server, enter the server’s IP address here. This allows your PCs to browse the network using the Network Neighborhood feature of Windows.

Reserved IP addresses

When you specify a reserved IP address for a computer on the LAN, that computer will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router’s DHCP server. Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings.

To reserve an IP address:

1. Click the Add button.

2. In the IP Address box, type the IP address to assign to the computer or server.

Choose an IP address from the router’s LAN subnet, such as 192.168.0.x.

3. Type the MAC Address of the computer or server.

Tip: If the computer is already present on your network, you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here.

4. Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table.

Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the computer contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the computer or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew.

To edit or delete a reserved address entry:

1. Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete.

2. Click Edit or Delete.

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How to Configure LAN TCP/IP Settings

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Main Menu, under Advanced, click the LAN IP Setup l ink to view the menu, shown

in Figure 6-3 below.

Figure 6-3: LAN IP Setup Menu

Enter the TCP/IP, DHCP, or Reserved IP parameters.

4. Click Apply to save your changes.

Configuring Dynamic DNS

If your network has a permanently assigned IP address, you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers (DNS). However, if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address, you will not know in advance what your IP address will be, and the address can change frequently. In this case, you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service that will allow you to register your domain to their IP address, and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequently-changing IP address.

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The router contains a client that can connect to a dynamic DNS service provider. To use this feature, you must select a service provider and obtain an account with them. After you have configured your account information in the router, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider , log in to your account, and register your new IP address.

How to Configure Dynamic DNS

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, select Dynamic DNS to

display the page below.

3. Access the Web site of one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear in the

‘Service Provider’ box, and register for an account. For example, for dyndns.org, go to www.dyndns.org.

4. Select the “Use a dynamic DNS service” check box.

5. Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider.

6. Type the Host Name that your dynamic DNS service provider gave you.

The dynamic DNS service provider may call this the domain name. If your URL is myName.dyndns.org, then your Host Name is “myName.”

7. Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account.

8. Type the Password (or key) for your dynamic DNS account.

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If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL, you can

select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org

10. Click Apply to save your configuration.

Note: If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address such as 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x, the

dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet.

Using Static Routes

Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router. Under normal circumstances, the router has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access, and you do not need to configure additional static routes. You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network.

Static Route Example

As an example of when a static route is needed, consider the following case:

• Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP.

• You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where

you are employed. This router’s address on your LAN is 192.168.0.100.

• Your company’s network is 134.177.0.0.

When you first configured your router, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the router, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.0.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the

134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the ISP. The ISP forwards your

request to the company where you are employed, and the request will likely be denied by the company’s firewall.

In this case you must define a static route, telling your router that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100. The static route would look like Figure 6-5.

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In this example:

• The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.

• The Router IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100.

• A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN. This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination. This is a direct connection so it is set to 1.

• Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated.

How to Configure Static Routes

1. Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default User Name

of admin, default password of password, or using whatever User Name, Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router.

2. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click Static Routes to view

the Static Routes menu, shown in Figure 6-4.

Figure 6-4: Static Routes Table

To add or edit a Static Route:

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Click the Edit button to open the Edit Menu, shown in Figure 6-5.

Figure 6-5: Static Route Entry and Edit Menu

Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. This is for identification purpose only.

c. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only.

The static route will not be reported in RIP.

d. Select Active to make this route effective. e. Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination. f. Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination.

If the destination is a single host, type 255.255.255.255.

g. Type the Gateway IP Address, which must be a router on the same LAN segment as the

router.

h. Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value.

This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination. Usually, a setting of 2 or 3 works, but if this is a direct connection, set it to 1.

4. Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table.

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6-12 Advanced Configuration

Chapter 7

Troubleshooting

This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your DG834 ADSL Firewall Router. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem. For the common problems listed, go to the section indicated.

• Is the router on?

• Have I connected the router correctly?

Go to “Basic Functioning” on pa ge 7-1.

• I can’t access the router’s configuration with my browser.

Go to “Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface” on page 7-3.

• I’ve configured the router but I can’t access the Internet.

Go to “Troubleshooting the ISP Connection” on page 7-4.

• I can’t remember the router’s configuration password.

• I want to clear the configuration and start over again.

Go to “Restoring the Default Configuration and Password” on page 7-9.

Basic Functioning

After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur:

1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power LED is on (see “The Router’s Front Panel”

on page 2-6 for an illustration and explanation of the LEDs).

2. Verify that the Test LED lights within a few seconds, indicating that the self-test procedure is

running.

3. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: a. The Test LED is not lit. b. The LAN port LEDs are lit for any local ports that are connected. c. The WAN port LED is lit.

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If a port’s LED is lit, a link has been established to the connected device. If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device, verify that the port’ s LED is green. If the port is 10 Mbps, the LED will be amber.

If any of these conditions does not occur, refer to the appropriate following section.

Power LED Not On

If the Power and other LEDs are off when your router is turned on:

• Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet.

• Check that you are using the 12 V DC power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product.

If the error persists, you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On

When the router is turned on, th e Test LED turns on for about 10 seconds and then turns off. If the Test LED does not turn on, or if it stays on, there is a fault within the router.

If you experience problems with the Test LED:

• Cycle the power to see if the router recovers and the LED blinks for the correct amount of time.

If all LEDs including the Test LED are still on one minute after power up:

• Cycle the power to see if the router recovers.

• Clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to

192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Using the Reset button” on page 7-9.

If the error persists, you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On

If either the LAN LEDs or WAN LED do not light when the Ethernet connection is made, check the following:

• Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the hub or workstation.

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• Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation.

• Be sure you are using the correct cable: — When connecting the router’s WAN ADSL port, use the cable that was supplied with the

DG834.

Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface

If you are unable to access the router’s Web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network, check the following:

• If you are using an Ethernet-connected computer, check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section.

• Make sure your computer’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router. If you are using the recommended addressing scheme, your computer’s address should be in the range of

192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254. Refer to “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6 or

“Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Compu te r s” on page C-17 to find your

computer’s IP address. Follow the instructions in Appendix C to configure your computer.

Note: If your computer’s IP address is shown as 169.254.x.x:

Recent versions of Windows and MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server. These auto-generated addresses are in the range of

169.254.x.x. If your IP address is in this range, check the connection from the computer to the router and reboot your computer.

• If your router’s IP address was changed and you do not know the current IP address, clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to 192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Using the Reset button” on page 7-9.

• Make sure your browser has Java, JavaScript, or ActiveX enabled. If you are using Internet Explorer, click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded.

• Try quitting the browser and launching it again.

• Make sure you are using the correct login information. The factory default login name is admin and the password is password. Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information.

If the router does not save changes you have made in the Web Configuration Interface, check the following:

• When entering configuration settings, be sure to click the APPLY button before moving to another menu or tab, or your changes are lost.

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• Click the Refresh or Reload button in the Web browser. The changes may have occurred, but the Web browser may be caching the old configuration.

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection

If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should check the ADSL connection, then the WAN TCP/IP connection.

ADSL link

If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should first determine whether you have an ADSL link with the service provider. The state of this connection is indicated with the WAN LED.

WAN LED Green or Blinking Green

If your WAN LED is green or blinking green, then you have a g ood ADSL connectio n. You can be confident that the service provider has connected your line correctly and that your wiring is correct.

WAN LED Blinking Yellow

If your WAN LED is blinking yellow , then your router is attempting to make an AD SL connectio n with the service provider. The LED should turn green within several minutes.

If the WAN LED does not turn green, disconne ct all telephones on the line. If this solves the problem, reconnect the telephones one at a time, being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone. If the microfilters are connected correctly, you should be able to connect all your telephones.

If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED, there may be a problem with your wiring. If the telephone company has tested the ADSL signal at your Network Interface Device (NID), then you may have poor quality wiring in your house.

WAN LED Off

If the WAN LED is off, disconnect all telephones on the line. If this solves the problem, reconnect the telephones one at a time, being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone. If the microfilters are connected correctly, you should be able to connect all your telephones.

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If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED the problem may be one of the following:

• Check that the telephone company has made the connection to your line and tested it.

• Verify that you are connected to the correct telephone line. If you have more than one phone line, be sure that you are connected to the line with the ADSL service. It may be necessary to use a swapper if you ADSL signal is on pins 1 and 4 or the RJ-11 jack. The DG834 router uses pins 2 and 3.

Obtaining a WAN IP Address

If your router is unable to access the internet, and your WAN LED is green or blinking green, you should determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the browser interface.

To check the WAN IP address from the browser interface:

1. Launch your browser and select an external site such as www.netgear.com.

2. Access the Main Menu of the router’s configuration at http://192.168.0.1.

3. Under the Maintenance heading check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port.

If 0.0.0.0 is shown, your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP.

If your router is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, the problem may be one of the following:

• Your ISP may require a Multiplexing Method or Virtual Path Identifier/Virtual Channel Identifier parameter. Verify with your ISP the Multiplexing Method and parameter value, and update the router’s ADSL Settings accordingly.

• Your ISP may require a login program. Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) or PPP over ATM (PPPOA) login.

• If you have selected a login program, you may have incorrectly set the Service Name, User Name and Password. See “Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA”, below.

• Your ISP may check for your computer's host name. Assign the computer Host Name of your ISP account to the router in the browser-based Setup Wizard.

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• Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet, and may check for your computer’s MAC address. In this case:

Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address.

OR Configure your router to spoof your computer’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic

Settings menu. Refer to “Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 3-15.

Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA

The PPPoA or PPPoA connection can be debugged as follows:

1. Access the Main Menu of the router at http://192.168.0.1.

2. Under the Maintenance heading, select the Router Status link.

3. Click the Connection Status button.

4. If all of the steps indicate “OK” then your PPPoE or PPPoA connection is up and working.

5. If any of the steps indicates “Failed”, you can attempt to reconnect by clicking “Connect”. The

router will continue to attempt to connect indefinitely.

If you cannot connect after several minutes, you may be using an incorrect Service Name, User Name or Password. There also may be a provisioning problem with your ISP.

Note: Unless you connect manually, the router will not authenticate using PPPoE or

PPPoA until data is transmitted to the network.

Troubleshooting Internet Browsing

If your router can obtain an IP address but your computer is unable to load any W eb pages from the Internet:

• Your computer may not recognize any DNS server addresses.

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A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses) to numeric IP addresses. Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot your computer and verify the DNS address as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on

page C-6. Alternatively, you can configure your computer manually with DNS addresses, as

explained in your operating system documentation.

• Your computer may not have the router configured as its TCP/IP router. If your computer obtains its information from the router by DHCP, reboot the computer and

verify the router address as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6.

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using the Ping Utility

Most TCP/IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device. The device then responds with an echo reply. Troubleshooting a TCP/IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your computer.

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router

You can ping the router from your computer to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly.

To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later:

1. From the Windows toolbar, click the Start button and select Run.

2. In the field provided, type Ping followed by the IP address of the router, as in this example:

ping 192.168.0.1

3. Click OK.

You should see a message like this one:

Pinging <IP address> with 32 bytes of data

If the path is working, you see this message:

Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx

If the path is not working, you see this message:

Request timed out

If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems:

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• Wrong physical connections

— Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN

or WAN Port LEDs Not On” on page 7-2.

— Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and

for the hub ports (if any) that are connected to your workstation and router.

• Wrong network configuration

— Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP/IP software are both installed

and configured on your PC or workstation.

— Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the

addresses are on the same subnet.

Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device

After verifying that the LAN path works correctly, test the path from your PC to a remote device. From the Windows run menu, type:

PING -n 10 <IP address>

where <IP address> is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP’s DNS server. If the path is functioning correctly, replies as in the previous section are displayed. If you do not

receive replies:

— Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default router. If the IP

configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP, this information will not be visible in your PC’s Network Control Panel. Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default router as described in “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6.

— Check to see that the network address of your PC (the portion of the IP address specified

by the netmask) is different from the network address of the remote device. — Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning. — If your ISP assigned a host name to your PC, enter that host name as the Account Name in

the Basic Settings menu. — Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your PCs. Many

broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your

broadband modem, but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a

single PC connected to that modem. If this is the case, you must configure your router to

“clone” or “spoof” the MAC address from the authorized PC. Refer to “Manually

Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 3-15.

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Restoring the Default Configuration and Password

This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings, changing the router’s administration password to password and the IP address to 192.168.0.1. You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways:

• Use the Erase function of the Web Configuration Manager (see “Backing Up, Restoring, or

Erasing Your Settings” on page 5-1).

• Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known.

Using the Reset button

To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password or IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router.

1. Press and hold the Default Reset button until the Test LED turns on (about 10 seconds).

2. Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot.

Problems with Date and Time

The E-mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day. The DG834 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet. Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day. Problems with the date and time function can include:

• Date shown is January 1, 2000 Cause: The router has not yet successfully reached a Network Time Server. Che ck that your Internet access settings are configured correctly. If you have just completed configuring the router, wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again.

• Time is off by one hour Cause: The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings Time. In the E-mail menu, check or uncheck the box marked “Adjust for Daylight Savings Time”.

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7-10 Troubleshooting

Appendix A

Technical Specifications

This appendix provides technical specifications for the DG834 ADSL Firewall Router.

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility

Data and Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, RIP-1, RI P-2, DHCP, PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) or

PPP over ATM (PPPoA), RFC 1483 Bridged or Routed Ethernet, and RFC 1577 Classical IP over ATM

Power Adapter

North America: 120V, 60 Hz, input United Kingdom, Australia: 240V, 50 Hz, input Europe: 230V, 50 Hz, input Japan: 100V, 50/60 Hz, input All regions (output): 15 V AC @ 1.0A output, 30W maximum

Physical Specifications

Dimensions: 10" x 6.7" x 1.3"

255 mm x 169 mm x 34 mm

Weight: 1.4 lbs.

0.62 kg

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature: 0° to 40° C (32º to 104º F) Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing

Electromagnetic Emissions

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Meets requirements of: FCC Part 15 Class B

VCCI Class B EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B

Interface Specifications

LAN: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45 WAN: ADSL, Dual RJ-11, pins 2 and 3

T1.413, G.DMT, G.Lite ITU Annex A or B

A-2 Technical Specifications

Appendix B

Network and Routing Basics

This chapter provides an overview of IP networks and routing.

Related Publications

As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering T ask Force (IETF), an open organization that defi nes the architecture and operation of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. The documents are listed on the World W ide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide.

Basic Router Concepts

Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network (LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive. Because of this expense, Internet access is usually provided by a slower-speed wide-area network (WAN) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.

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What is a Router?

A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.

Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of physical WAN connection they support. The DG834 ADSL Firewall Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broa dband connection.

Routing Information Protocol

One of the protocols used by a router to b uild and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table.

The DG834 router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols. RIP is not required for most home applications.

IP Addresses and the Internet

Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from an Internet service provider (ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.

The Internet Protocol (IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form, separated by decimal points.

For example, the following binary address:

11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111

is normally written as:

195.34.12.7

B-2 Network and Routing Basics

NETGEAR DG834NA Reference Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual