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Brutale R
Owner's Manual
397 pgs7.71 Mb0

MV Agusta Brutale R Owner's Manual

Owner’s Manual
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© 2011 This document may not, in whole or in part, be reproduced without prior consent, in writing, from MV Agusta Motor S.p.A.
Part No. 8000B5502 - Edition No. 1 Printed in September 2011
Information
California 65 Proposition Warning (U.S.A. only): WARNING
This vehicle contains or emits chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.
Respect and defend natural environment
Everything we do affects the whole planet as well as its resources. MV Agusta, in order to protect the interests of the community, alerts the Customers and the Technical Assistance operators to use the vehicle and dispose of its replaced parts respecting the laws in force concerning environmental pollution and waste disposal and recycling.
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Dear Customer,
We wish to thank you for your preference and congratulate you on purchasing your new Brutale R. MV Agusta, thanks to the passionate effort of its technicians, offers to its customers a motorcycle with a new aesthetic design combined with a refined framework: these are the elements which have distinguished every vehicle created by MV Agusta throughout its glorious history. The result of this effort is an exclusive motorcycle with functional and aesthetic characteristics that place it above the finest motorcycles currently available on the market, making it an exclusive and sought-after item. In fact, the technologies and solutions applied give to the Brutale R unique characteristics common to all the MV Agusta models, strenghtening a design phylosophy that involves continuous research, technological inno­vation and love for detail. This way, MV Agusta gives to all the bikers who freely live their passion the chance to possess a unique object, which surely represents a strong reference worldwide. This manual has been drawn up with a view to providing you with a clear and practical guide to operating and maintaining your new motorcycle while safeguarding your warranty rights. The indications contained in the manual will help you make the most of your motorcycle in terms of both per­formance and operating life. The manual provides useful information on how to take care of your vehicle, and also describes some routine maintenance operations. Fundamental units such as the engine and the trans­mission are covered in the Workshop Manuals. Operations involving these parts require specific equipment and are reserved for skilled personnel. Your dealer possesses the skills, the equipment and the spare parts that are needed to keep your motorcycle in optimum working order. This manual is to be considered as an integral part of the vehicle, and must be transferred to any new owner together with the vehicle.
Have a good time!
Claudio Castiglioni MV Agusta President
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CONTENTS
chap. Subject covered page
1 GENERAL INFORMATION 10
1.1. Purpose of this manual 10
1.2. General safety informations 10
1.3. Symbols 11
1.4. Warranty Booklet and Service Coupons 12
1.5. Identification data 13
2 SAFETY INFORMATION 22
2.1. Safety 22
2.1.1. How to report a safety-related defect 22
2.1.2 Noise emission warranty 22
2.1.3. Note on tampering 22
2.1.4. Information on the emission control system 24
2.1.5. Safe riding 25
2.1.6. Maintaining your motorcycle 27
2.1.7. Before you ride 28
2.1.8. While you ride 29
2.1.9. After you ride 32
2.1.10. Installing accessories 33
2.1.11. Vehicle load 34
chap. Subject covered page
2.1.12. Modifications 36
2.1.13. Competitions 36
2.1.14. Customer satisfaction 36
2.1.15. Suggestions against theft 37
2.2. Safety labels - Location 38
2.3. Safety - Visual and acoustic signals 46
3 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS 47
3.1. Location of controls and instruments 47
3.2. Kickstand 49
3.3. Handlebar controls, left side 50
3.4 Handlebar controls, right side 52
3.5. Ignition switch and steering lock 55
3.6. Gear lever 59
3.7. Instruments and warning lights 60
3.7.1. Warning lights 61
3.7.2. General display/Gear and Water Temperature Display 62
4 OPERATION 63
4.1. Using the motorcycle 63
4.2. Break-in 64
4.3. Starting the engine 66
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CONTENTS
chap. Subject covered page
5.6.2. Rebound damper (front suspension) 112
5.6.3. Compression damper (front suspension) 113
5.7. Adjusting the rear suspension 114
5.7.1. Rebound damper (rear suspension) 115
5.8. Headlight adjustment 116
6 MAINTENANCE 118
6.1. Tables of scheduled maintenance and checks 118
6.2. Tools and accessories supplied 128
6.3. Table of lubricants and fluids 129
6.4. Checking the engine oil level 130
6.4.1. Topping up the engine oil level 131
6.5.
Checking the coolant level
133
6.5.1.
Topping up the coolant level
134
6.6. Checking the wear of the brake pads 136
6.7. Checking the brake fluid level 137
6.8. Checking the clutch fluid level 139
6.9. Checking and replacing the tires 140
6.10. Checking and lubricating the drive chain 145
6.11. Checking the idle speed 149
6.12. Periodic emission check 150
chap. Subject covered page
4.4. Selecting and setting the display functions 70
4.4. 1 . Selecting the display functions 71
4.4.2. Trip reset 75
4.4.3. How to set the measurement units 79
4.4.4. Chronometer 81
4.4.5. TC Mode 89
4.4.6. IMMOBILIZER Mode 96
4.4.7. How to select the mapping of the control unit 90
4.4.8. Warning/malfunction alerts 94
4.5. Refuelling 97
4.6. Glove compartment 99
4.7. Parking the motorcycle 100
4.8. Checks to be performed before riding 103
5 ADJUSTMENTS 105
5.1. List of adjustments 105
5.2. Table of adjustments 108
5.3. Adjusting the front brake lever 109
5.4. Adjusting the clutch lever 109
5.5. Adjusting the rearview mirrors 110
5.6. Adjusting the front suspension 111
5.6.1. Spring preload 112
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CONTENTS
chap. Subject covered page
6.13. Evaporative emission control system 151
6.14. Emission control system warranty obligations (for U.S.A. only) 152
6.14.1 Your warranty rights and obligations 152
6.14.2 Manufacturer’s warranty coverage 152
6.14.3 Owner’s warranty responsibilities 153
6.15. Limited warranty on emission control system (for U.S.A. only) 154
6.15.1 Coverage 154
6.15.2 Limitations 155
6.15.3 Limited liability 156
6.15.4 Legal rights 157
6.15.5 Additional information 157
6.16. Replacing parts - General information 158
6.16.1. Replacing the fuses 158
6.16.2. Replacing the low beam bulb 161
6.16.3.
Replacing the high beam bulb
164
6.16.4. Replacing the turn indicator bulb 165
6.16.5. Replacing the license plate light bulb 166
6.17. Battery 167
6.18. Cleaning the motorcycle 169
6.19. Prolonged inactivity 172
chap. Subject covered page
7 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOW CHART 173
7.1. Engine problems 173
7.2. Electrical equipment problems 178
8 TECHNICAL INFORMATION 182
8.1. Motorcycle overview 182
8.1.1. Front brake system 184
8.1.2. Rear brake system 185
8.1.3. Clutch system 186
8.1.4. Engine lubrication 187
8.1.5. Coolant system 188
8.1.6. Fuel system 189
8.2. Specifications 190
8.3. Measure equivalence tables for American and metric systems 197
A
B
D
C
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INDEX
Accessories – installation 33 Adjustments – clutch lever 109 – front brake lever 109 – front suspension 111 – headlight 116 – list 105 – rear suspension 114 – rearview mirrors 110 – table 108
Battery 167 Brakes – fluid level, check 137 – front brake system 184 – front brake lever, adjustment 109 – pads, wear check 136 – rear brake system 185 Break-in 64 Bulbs, replacement of – high beam 164 – license plate light 166 – low beam 161 – turn indicator 165
Chain, check 145 – lubrication 147 Cleaning the motorcycle 169 Clutch – fluid level, check 139 – lever, adjustment 109 – system 186 Competitions 36 Controls and instruments, location 47 Coolant – level, check 133 – system 188 – topping up 134
Damper – compression (front suspension) 113 – rebound (front suspension) 112 – rebound (rear suspension) 115 Display, general 62 – selecting and setting functions 69
Electrical equipment – troubleshooting 177
E
P
H
F
G
M
I
K
L
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INDEX
Emissions, control system 24 – control system warranty 152 – periodic check 150 Engine – lubrication 186 – oil level, check 130 – oil level, topping up 131 – serial number 13 – starting 66 – troubleshooting 173
Fuel system 189 Fuses, replacement 158
Gear lever 59 Glove compartment 99
Handlebar controls – left side 50 – right side 52 Headlight, adjustment 116 – high beam, bulb replacement 164 – low beam, bulb replacement 161
Identification data 13 Idle speed, check 149 Ignition switch and steering lock 55 Instruments and warning lights 60
Kickstand 49
Levels – brake fluid 137 – clutch fluid 139 – coolant 133 – engine oil 130 License plate light – bulb replacement 166 Location of controls and instruments 47 Lubricants and fluids, table 129
Maintenance and checks – tables 118 Motorcycle overview 181
Parking 100 Pre-ride checks 103
R
S
T
V
W
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INDEX
Prolonged inactivity 172 Purpose of manual 10
Rearview mirrors, adjustment 110 Refuelling 99 Replacing parts, general information 158
Safety 22 – labels, location 38 – safe riding 25 – visual and acoustic signals 46 Scheduled maintenance tables 118 Specifications 190 Spring preload 112 Suspensions – front, adjustment 111 – rear, adjustment 114 Symbols 11
Tampering, note 22 Tires, check 140 – puncturing 141 – replacement 142 Tools and accessories supplied 128
Topping up – coolant 134 – engine oil 131 Troubleshooting flow chart – electrical equipment 178 – engine 173 Turn indicator – bulb replacement 165
Vehicle – identification number 13 – load 34 – modifications 36
Warning lights 61 Warranty – Booklet, Service Coupons and Dealers’
Guide 12
– emission control system 152
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
1
EN
1.1. Purpose of this manual
Carefully read, understand and follow the instructions given in this manual. It is an essential part of the motorcycle as is intended to familiarize you with the controls, characteristics and features of the motorcycle. Keep it in a safe place for future reference. If you sell your motorcycle, please deliver this manual to the new owner.
1.2. General safety information
WARNING: Failure to follow the warnings and instructions provided in this manual could result in an accident, personal injury or death.
a. Throughout this manual, reference is made that “an acci-
dent” could occur. Any accident could result in damage to your motorcycle or its components, and more importantly, cause you or a bystander to sustain severe personal injury or death. b. If you have any questions regarding the care, use or main­tenance of your motorcycle, please contact your nearest MV Agusta dealer. A list of dealers can be found in the World Dealer guide provided with this manual.
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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1.3. Symbols
The words and symbols used below are used to help you recognize information that is important to your safety.
DANGER: Indicates an imminently haz­ardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING: Indicates a potentially haz­ardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION: Indicates a potentially haz­ardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
CAUTION: Used with a different alert symbol indicates potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage.
NOTE: Indicates important information rel­evant to the motorcycle, motorcycle use or to the sections of this documentation to which particular attention must be paid.
The following symbols give an indication of who is supposed to perform the different adjustments and/or maintenance operations:
Information on operations that can be carried out by the user.
Information on operations that are sug­gested to be performed by your autho­rized MV Agusta dealer.
The following symbol is used to provide further information:
The “ ” symbol points out the requirement to use a tool or a special equipment in order to correctly perform the described operation.
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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1.4. Warranty Booklet and Service Coupons
Besides this Owner’s Manual, the vehicle is accompanied by the following documents: a Warranty Booklet containing a Warranty and Pre-Delivery Certificate and recommended ser­vice coupons, and the MV Agusta Dealers’ Guide.
IMPORTANT (for U.S.A. only)
The copy of the Warranty and Pre-Delivery Certificate to be sent to MV Agusta must be filled in by the dealer and returned to MV Agusta USAwithin 10 days from the date of registration. Every time the vehicle is serviced by a dealer, the user must produce the Warranty Booklet so that the dealer can fill in the service coupon and return it to MV Agusta USAwithin 10 days from the date of the servicing.
IMPORTANT (for Canada only)
The copy of the Warranty and Pre-Delivery Certificate to be sent to MV Agusta must be filled in by the dealer and returned to Motovan Corporation - MV Agusta Canada within 10 days from the date of registration. Every time the vehicle is serviced by a dealer, the user must produce the Warranty Booklet so that the dealer can fill in the service coupon and return it to Motovan Corporation - MV Agusta Canada within 10 days from the date of the servicing.
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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1.5. Identification data
1) vehicle identification number
2) engine serial number
Motorcycle identification
The motorcycle is identified by the vehicle identi­fication number. When placing orders for spare parts, in addition to this number, you may be required to provide the engine serial number, the colour code and the key identification.
We recommend writing down the main numbers in the spaces provided below.
FRAME No.: ENGINE No.:
2) engine serial number
1) vehicle identification number
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
1
EN
Here below you can find a description of a vehicle identification number:
The vehicle identification number must be provided each time you need to contact the MV Agusta Technical Assistance Service, in order to guarantee the traceability of your motorcycle.
ZCG J D F V U 5 C V 000000
World Manufacturer Identifier
Motorcycle Type
Model Year
Progressive vehicle number
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
1
EN
Motorcycle key identification
Akey is supplied in duplicate for both the ignition and all the locks. Keep the duplicate in a safe place.
It is essential to provide the key identification number if you place an order for a spare motorcycle key. The key identification number is located on the MV Code Card equipped with the ignition keys.
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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1
2
6
84
9
10
3
7
5
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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Bodywork parts reference colors
Bodywork parts are painted with the following reference colors, according to the corresponding motorcy­cle color combination:
1. - Rear side fairing, right-hand;
2. - Rear side fairing, left-hand;
3. - Fuel tank;
4. - Right airbox panel;
5. - Left airbox panel;
6. - Front mudguard:
Color combination A:
Crayon Red (Code Palinal 926R750)
Color combination B:
MV Intense Black (Code Palinal 929.R486H)
Color combination C:
MV Crayon ICE White (Code Palinal 929.F364)
7. - Right side tank panel;
8. - Left side tank panel;
9. - Right side radiator protection;
10. - Left side radiator protection:
MV Embossed Matt Black Painting (Code Lechler 96382)
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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1
5
2
6
7
3
4
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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Frame parts reference colors
Frame parts are painted with the following reference colors:
1. - Frame;
2. - Headlight holder:
“Easy” Frame Matt Black Painting (Code Euro Polveri 7L 59 0000 1T 00 T)
5. - Tail piece:
CRC Intense Matt Black Painting (Code Palinal 211XR486 + Palinal Matt 3)
6. - Right side rear footrest support;
7. - Left side rear footrest support:
Fine Gray Metalized Aluminium Painting (Code Palinal F444)
3. - Engine:
Matt Black Painting (Code Pulverit 3500/0085)
4. - Engine head cover:
Engine Red (Code RAL 3001)
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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Identification of motorcycle color combination
The color code must be mentioned when ordering body spares. It can be read on the lower right side of the fuel tank.
In order to get to the color code label, it is necessary to remove the fuel tank right-hand side fairing. Pull out the rear part of the fuel tank right-hand side fai­ring as shown in the figure.
Remove the fuel tank right-hand side fairing by pulling it towards the rear part of the motorcycle.
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GENERAL INFORMATION 1
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After removing the fuel tank left-hand side fairing, it is possible to get to the color code label. On this label you can read the motorcycle color combination, which deter­mines the painting of the bodywork parts.
We recommend writing down the color code in the space provided below:
COLOR CODE:
color code label
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
2
EN
2.1. Safety
2.1.1. HOW TO REPORT A SAFETY-RELATED DEFECT
For U.S.A. only:
If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying MV Agusta S.p.A. If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an inves­tigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and rem­edy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you, your dealer, or MV Agusta S.p.A. To contact NHTSA, you may either call the Auto Safety Hotline toll-free at 1-888-327-4236 or write to: NHTSA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE West Building, Washington, D.C.
20590. You can also obtain other information
about motor vehicle safety from the Hotline.
For Canada only:
If you live in Canada, and you believe that your vehicle has a safety defect, notify Transport Canada immediately, in addition to notifying Motovan Corporation - MV Agusta Canada, 1391 Gay Lussac, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 7K1, Canada (Phone no.: 450-449-3903 ; Fax no.: 450­449-7773).
2.1.2. NOISE EMISSION WARRANTY For U.S.A. only:
MV Agusta S.p.A. warrants that, at the time of sale, the exhaust system conformed to all applic­able U.S. EPA(Environmental Protection Agency) noise control regulations. The warranty applies to the first retail purchaser of the exhaust system and to all subsequent buyers. Any warranty claims must be addressed to: MV Agusta U.S.A. LLC, Suite 224, 10 Canal Street, Bristol, PA 19007-USA.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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2.1.3. NOTE ON TAMPERING
Tampering with the noise control system is pro­hibited. In particular, the law prohibits the follow­ing acts:
1. The removal or rendering inoperative, other
than for purposes of maintenance, repair, or replacement, of any device or element of design incorporated into any new vehicle for the purpose of noise control prior to its sale or deliv­ery to the ultimate purchaser or while it is in use.
2. The use of the vehicle after such device or ele-
ment of design has been removed or rendered inoperative.
Acts presumed to constitute tampering include:
1. The removal or piercing of the exhaust
silencer, the diaphragm, the manifolds, or any other components involved in the transmission of exhaust gases.
2. The removal or piercing of any part of the
intake system.
3. Poor maintenance.
4. The replacement of any movable parts of the
vehicle or of any intake or exhaust compo­nents with parts or components other than those prescribed by the manufacturer.
NOTE
Never ride your motorcycle with a defective muf­fler. This will effect not only the motorcycle’s sound level, but its performance as well. Riding with a defective muffler can also subject you to arrest and imposition of fines. The rules of the road vary from country to country . Be sure that you understand local regulations before riding your motorcycle.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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2.1.4. INFORMATION ON THE EMISSION CON­TROL SYSTEM
The combustion process produces carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon con­trol is particularly important in that, under certain conditions and when exposed to direct sunlight, hydrocarbons undergo reactions which lead to the formation of photochemical smog. Carbon monoxide does not react in the same way , but it is highly toxic. MV Agusta uses a sequential multi­point electronic injection system and other meth­ods designed to cut carbon monoxide and hydro­carbon emissions.
Exhaust emission control system
The exhaust emission control system is made up of the sequential multipoint injection (SMPI) sys­tem, which requires no adjustment. The exhaust emission control system is distinct from the crankcase emission control system.
Crankcase emission control system
The engine is equipped with a closed-crankcase system designed to prevent the release of
crankcase emissions into the atmosphere. Blow­by gases return to the combustion chamber via the air filter and the injection system.
Evaporative emission control system
Motorcycles are equipped with an evaporative emission control system, which consists of a char­coal canister and associated tubing. This system prevents the escape of fuel vapors from the fuel tank. In addition, the fuel tanks are manufactured specifically to limit the permeation of fuel vapours from the tank walls, tubing, and gaskets, as required by U.S. EPA.
Problems relating to the vehicle’s emissions
Should the vehicle show any of the following symptoms, contact your MV Agusta dealer to have it checked and if necessary repaired:
1) Engine is difficult to start or stalls after starting.
2) Idle speed is erratic.
3) Misfiring or backfiring during acceleration.
4) Afterburning.
5) Poor performance (driveability) and excessive consumption.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
2
2.1.5. SAFE RIDING a. The rider’s judgment, training, and experience
form the basis of safe riding. You should practice riding in areas without traffic, such as an open parking lot, until you have become familiar with the motorcycle, its controls and its braking/hand­ling characteristics. In addition to obtaining the necessary driver’s license, MV Agusta strongly recommends that you take a certified course approved by the Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF), which can provide useful information both to new and experienced riders. For information about MSF training courses, call the toll-free num­ber: (800) 446-9227. Relying on the advice of people other than a qualified riding instructor, even if they are excellent motorcyclists, can be misleading and dangerous.
b. There are certain risks inherent in riding a motorcycle because it affords less personal safety protection than an automobile in the event of an accident. Unlike automobiles, motorcycles are not
equipped with airbags or other protective devices. Always wear a DOT approved helmet with eye/face protection and protective clothing, inclu­ding a motorcycle riding jacket, pants, gloves and boots, even on short rides. Also, you should wear clothing that contains bright colors and reflecting materials to maximize your visibility and presence to others. Avoid wearing dark colored clothing because that makes it more difficult for others to see you on the roadway, even in the daytime.
c. While you are wearing a helmet, you will expe­rience reduced peripheral vision, hearing and head movement. Please ride accordingly.
d. No helmet or other protective clothing can pro­vide complete protection against the risk of serious personal injury or even death in the event of an accident. Do not be deceived by the false sense of security that you might perceive by wea­ring even the highest quality protective clothing. Always use protective equipment as directed in their owner’s manuals, and ride safely.
EN
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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e. This motorcycle is for riding only on the street
and other paved surfaces. Never ride this motorcycle off road, on any trails or any unpaved surfaces.
f. Never attach any key ring or other object to your ignition key, as they could interfere with your ability to steer your motorcycle.
g. Never attach a sidecar, trailer or any other accessory to your motorcycle, as it could make the motorcycle unstable, resulting in an accident.
h. Never modify any component part of the motorcycle unless these modifications were approved in writing by MV Agusta. Non-approved modifications may jeopardize the structural inte­grity, functionality and effectiveness of the motorcycle. Any modifications must be performed by an authorized MV Agusta dealer with only MV Agusta approved accessories.
i. If your motorcycle is ever involved in an acci­dent, even if it only falls over, check all levers (hand and foot), wires, hoses, brake calipers, rims and all other components for any damage. If you are unsure about the extent of the damage, take your motorcycle to a MV Agusta dealer. Do not ride until any damage is repaired by an authorized MV Agusta dealer.
l. Avoid Carbon Monoxide Poisoning - Never let the engine run in closed places where the exhaust fumes may accumulate. Exhaust fumes contain carbon monoxide that is an odorless and colorless gas that may cause death or serious injuries at certain concentration levels. Avoid run­ning the engine indoors. Run engine in open spa­ces with plenty of ventilation, preferably outdoors, to eliminate exhaust fumes.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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2.1.6. MAINTAINING YOUR MOTORCYCLE a. Proper maintenance is crucial to safe riding.
Follow all maintenance instructions in this manual as set forth in Section 6.
b. Maintenance, repair and service of your motorcycle require specialized knowledge, tools and experience. General mechanical aptitude may not be sufficient to properly maintain, repair or service your motorcycle. These tasks should be performed by an authorized MV Agusta dealer. If you have any doubt whatsoever regarding your motorcycle, please contact an authorized MV Agusta dealer.
c. If the performance of your motorcycle changes in any way, if you see any oil, or if it begins to make any noise, immediately stop riding your motorcycle. Have your motorcycle professionally inspected and repaired by an MV Agusta dealer, as necessary.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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2.1.7. BEFORE YOU RIDE a. Your motorcycle, like all products, may wear
over time. Before each ride, make sure you perform all pre-ride checks as stated in Section
4.8 and that all components are properly adjusted as set forth in Chapter 5.
WARNING Do not ride your motorcycle if it does not pass this pre-ride test. Correct any condition before you ride.
b. Check your motorcycle for any leaks of oil or
other fluids, which is indicative of a problem with your motorcycle.
c. Test your brakes at the beginning of the ride to make sure they are operating properly.
d. Be sure that your tires are inflated to the cor­rect pressure and that there is no damage what­soever in the tread or sidewall of the tire.
e. Motorcycle riding demands your complete attention. Do not ride if you are ill, in poor physi­cal condition, under the influence of alcohol or drugs (prescription or recreational drugs) or are experiencing emotional issues that could affect your concentration level.
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SAFETY INFORMATION 2
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2.1.8. WHILE YOU RIDE a. Your motorcycle is a very high performance
vehicle. Do not confuse the enhanced capabili­ties of your motorcycle with your own capabili­ties. Increasing your skill will take time and prac­tice. Proceed carefully until you are sure you are competent to handle the capabilities of your motorcycle.
b. Always ride with care. Adopt a defensive dri­ving attitude to avoid possible accidents.
c. Change gears as necessary to ensure that the proper gear ratio is chosen in all riding conditions, allowing the engine to run at optimum speed at all times. Avoid high gear ratios when traveling at reduced speed (excessively low rpm) as well as low gear ratios when traveling at high speed (excessively high rpm). Improper gear selection will affect your ability to control your motorcycle.
d. When the motorcycle is being ridden at high speed, gearing down several times in rapid suc­cession can cause the engine to overspeed. As a result, the rear wheel may lock, leading to loss of control of the motorcycle and an accident. In addi­tion, you could damage the engine and transmis­sion. Never gear downmore than one gear at a time without allowing the engine RPM to stabilize.
e. When riding downhill, reduce the speed of your motorcycle by closing the throttle and using a low gear ratio to take advantage of engine braking. Use the front and rear brakes as little as possible to maintain your speed, in order to pre­vent brake overheating and diminished braking performance.
f. Braking in a turn could result in loss of motorcycle control. Always operate the brakes before starting a turn.
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