M-Audio Axiom 25-49-61 User Manual

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Axiom 25-49-61

User Guide

Advanced Semi-Weighted USB MIDI Controller

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Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

What’s In The Box? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Axiom Keyboard overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Section 1: Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.1 Axiom Keyboards Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.2 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.3 Driver Installation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.4 MIDI Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.5 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

2.1 The Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.2 MIDI Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.3 Program And Bank Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.4 MIDI Controller Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Section 3: Advanced Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3.1 MIDI Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3.2 Recall And Store Of Your Control Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.3 How To Avoid Jumping Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.4 The Rotary Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.5 Pressure Pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.6 Controlling Several Devices At The Same Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.7 ‘Group A’ Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3.8 Example Of Control Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Section 4: Usage Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.1 MIDI Out From USB Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.2 Recording Your Performance On A Sequencer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.3 Controlling A Sound Module From The Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Section 5: MIDI Messages Explained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

5.1 Program & Bank Changes Explained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

5.2 RPN/NRPN’s Explained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

5.3 SysEx Explained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Section 6: Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Technical Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Warranty Terms and Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Appendix A - MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Appendix B – Useful MIDI Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Appendix D – Assignable Controller Numbers To Linear Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Appendix E – Assignable Controller Numbers To Non-Linear Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Appendix F – Assignable Controller Numbers To Rotary Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Appendix G – Assignable Controller Numbers To Trigger Pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Appendix H - Hexadecimal Conversion Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

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Axiom Line User Guide

Introduction

Congratulations on the purchase of your M-Audio Axiom MIDI controller keyboard. Your keyboard gives you vast control over your software, virtual instruments or sequencer. You can also use the Axiom to control hardware sound modules, synthesizers or sequencers.

< The eight fully assignable pads give you the ability to trigger samples and loops separately from the keyboard in real-time.

< The eight fully assignable rotary encoders allow for smooth control of your software’s features with no jumping parameters.

< The versatile and easy to use Axiom keyboard is a great controller in the studio and on stage in live performance.

What’s In The Box?

If any of the following items are missing from your package, please contact your retailer.

< Axiom keyboard

< Quick Start Guide

< Keyboard Controller Series CD-ROM

< Software bundle CD-ROM

< USB cable

Axiom Keyboard overview

Here is a run down of some of the great features the Axiom keyboards have to offer:

< 25, 49 or 61 note keyboard versions.

< Eight fully programmable endless rotary encoders.

< Eight fully programmable sample trigger pads.

< Nine fully assignable 40mm sliders (Axiom 49 and 61 only).

< USB 1.1 port to connect the Axiom to a computer. The keyboard will also draw power from the USB port, so no additional power supply is

required.

< MIDI IN and MIDI OUT ports for connecting external MIDI gear.

< Expression pedal jack (expression pedal not included).

< Sustain pedal jack (sustain pedal not included).

< Fully programmable after-touch strip under the keyboard.

< Null mode – for full parameter recall with each preset. No more jumping dials!

< Controller Mute – reposition your controller without affecting your software.

< Easy to program controls can be assigned to a vast range of MIDI messages including MIDI controller messages, GM/GS/XG Sys Ex

messages, NRPN/RPN messages, channel after-touch, program/bank changes, note messages and some useful variations of these.

< Rotary encoders can be programmed to use any of six popular increment/decrement methods to account for all software that currently

supports rotary encoders. The encoders can also function as standard MIDI controllers with absolute values.

< A range of different acceleration curves for the encoders for realistic dial control.

< Trigger pads respond to velocity or pressure and can be programmed to either send MIDI note data or controller messages, allowing for

full control over all your software samplers, loop triggers and much more!

About This Manual

There are 5 sections to this manual. Section 1 provides an overview of your new Axiom keyboard and gives you details how to set up the keyboard with your computer. Section 2 gives you some basic control features of your keyboard to get you started right away. In Section 3, we delve into more advanced functions and programming and in Section 4 we provide some examples of your Axiom keyboard in use. Finally, Section 5 explains MIDI and some commonly misunderstood MIDI message types.

Introduction

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Axiom Line User Guide

Section 1: Getting Started

1.1 Axiom Keyboards Overview

1.1.1 Top Panel Overview

1.1.2 Back Panel Overview

1.1.3 Control Deﬁnitions

These controls are referred by name throughout this manual.

1: LCD Display 8: Numeric Keypad 15: MIDI OUT Port

2: Sliders 9: Octave /Transpose Buttons 16: MIDI IN Port

3: Encoders 10: Pitch Bend Wheel 17: USB 1.1 Port

4: Transport Buttons 11: Modulation Wheel 18: DC Power Jack

5: Assignable Buttons 12: Keyboard with Aftertouch 19: Power Switch

6: Trigger Pads 13: Expression Pedal Jack 20: Kensington Lock

7: Function Buttons 14: Sustain Pedal Jack

Section 1: Getting Started

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1.2 Setup

If you intend to connect your Axiom keyboard to a computer, please be sure you read sections 1.2 and 1.3 ﬁrst. If you only intend to use your Axiom keyboard to control a sound module or synthesizer through the external MIDI OUT port, you should skip to section 1.4.

1.2.1 Minimum System Requirements

If you are using your Axiom with a computer, the following minimum system requirements apply:

Windows*

Mac OS*

• Pentium 3 – 800 MHz or higher • Macintosh G3** 800/G4** 733 MHz or higher

(CPU may be higher for laptops) (CPU requirement may be higher for laptops)

• 256 MB RAM • OS X 10.3.9 with 256 MB RAM,

• DirectX 9.0b or higher • OS X 10.4.2 or greater with 512 MB RAM

• Windows XP (SP2) or higher

(Windows 98, Me, NT, or 2000 not supported)

*M-Audio suggests you also check the minimum system requirements for your software, as they may be greater than the above.

**Native USB port required; G3/G4 accelerator cards are not supported.

1.3 Driver Installation Procedure

Important: Do not connect the USB cable to a computer until you have read and understood the instructions in the Quick Start Guide. A printed copy of this is included in the box and you will also ﬁnd this on the Keyboard Controller Series CD-ROM.

1.3.3 Using The Axiom With Your Software

When installed, the Axiom appears in the computer as a simple MIDI device with two input ports and one output port. You should select the ﬁrst listed Axiom input port as the MIDI input device in your software. Once this is set, your software will read data transmitted from the Axiom.

If you have connected external MIDI gear like a drum pad controller or another keyboard to your Axiom’s MIDI IN port, this gear can be interfaced to the computer by selecting the second listed Axiom input port. In this way, your Axiom is acting as a MIDI to USB interface.

It is also possible to stream data from your computer to external MIDI gear connected to the MIDI OUT port of your Axiom – effectively a USB to MIDI interface. To do this, you should select the Axiom output device in your software. Note that some other steps are necessary to make this work that will be fully explained later in this manual.

The port names are deﬁned in the table below. Note that the MIDI ports will appear with different names depending on whether you are using Mac or PC, and whether you’ve installed the Windows multi-client driver or not:

USB Input Port from Axiom Input port from external MIDI IN USB Output port to Axiom

Mac OS X

USB Axiom port 1 USB Axiom port 2 USB Axiom

Windows Class Driver

USB Audio Device* USB Audio Device* USB Audio Device*

Windows Multi-Client Driver

USB Axiom In USB Axiom Out (2) USB Axiom Out

* These will appear as a single USB Audio Device in the Device Manager.

1.4 MIDI Connections

The MIDI Out jack accepts a standard 5-pin DIN-type MIDI plug (available from most professional audio retailers).

The MIDI Out jack can be used to connect the Axiom to a hardware sequencer or an external synthesizer or sound module.

1.5 Power Supply

If you are using your Axiom with a computer via its USB port, there is no need for an external power supply. Your Axiom will draw its power from the computer.

However, if you are intending to use your Axiom without connecting to a computer’s USB port, then you will need to use an external power supply. No power supply is included in the box, so please select one that meets the following requirements:

< 12V DC < 250mA – 300mA < Center positive

Section 1: Getting Started

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Axiom Line User Guide

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom

Your Axiom controller will not make any sound unless it is connected to a computer or other external MIDI gear. This is because the Axiom sends just MIDI data when you play it and MIDI data does not produce sound on its own. Instead, it is used to control audio on your computer or MIDI gear to generate sounds.

Programming MIDI data can get complicated at times, so with the Axiom range of keyboards, we have done our best to make MIDI programming as simple as possible. In this section we look at the most common MIDI messages and how to program them on your Axiom.

So to begin, you should familiarize yourself with the function button panel.

(This is a good place to introduce you to the way we approach the differences between the Axiom 61 and 49 versions and the Axiom 25. The appearance and functionality of the Axiom 61 and 49 are the same, it’s just the size of the keyboard that is different, and so when we give instructions for these two versions they are always grouped together. The Axiom 25 looks different and operates differently, so we always give you a separate set of instructions for this version.)

2.0.1 Axiom 49 And 61 Functions

Numeric Keypad

Use the numeric keypad to enter numerical values during programming. The LCD displaywill always reﬂect the values you enter.

2.0.2 Axiom 25 Functions

Advanced

A number of advanced functions on the Axiom 25 are accessed from the keyboard itself. These functions are listed above the keys on front

panel of the unit. To access these functions, you must always ﬁrst press the Advanced button which then lights to conﬁrm that the keys on the keyboard will be used for data entry rather than sending musical MIDI notes.

Here is a list of the advanced functions that are available on your Axiom 25:

White Keys: Black Keys: Numeric Data Entry Keys

Ctrl Assign Zone Chan Numbers 0-9 and Enter.

Chan assign Ctrl Select

Vel. Lock

Data 1

Bank LSB Data 2

Bank MSB Data 3

Mem Dump Curve Type (velocity curve,

pad curve, rotary encoder acceleration curve)

MIDI Out from USB

Store

Some of the functions on the Axiom 25 require you to enter numerical values. For functions that require numeric data entry;

< Press the Advanced button.

< Enter the data value using the Numeric Data Entry keys 0-9 on the keyboard (printed above the keyboard).

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm the value.

Use the –/+ buttons to make small single step adjustments. As you enter data from the keyboard numeric keys, the numbers are be displayed on the LCD.

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom

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2.0.3 Function Index

Function Section

Advanced (Axiom 25 only) 2.0.2

-/+ 2.0.2

Snapshot 3.3.3

Zone Range 3.6.4

Zone/Group 3.6.2

Recall* 3.2

Program* 2.4.2 & 3.6.6

Mute 3.3.1

Null 3.3.2

Glob. Chan* 2.2 & 3.6.7.3

Panic 2.4.3

Ctrl Assign 2.4.2

Chan. Assign 3.6.7

Vel. Lock

3.5.6

Bank LSB 2.3 & 3.6.6

Bank MSB 2.3 & 3.6.6

Mem. Dump 3.2.2

Dev. ID (Axiom 49, 61 only)

3.2.3

MIDI Out 4.1

Store 3.2.2

Zone Chan. 3.6.3

Ctrl Select 2.4.2

Data 1 3.1

Data 2 3.1

Data 3 3.1

Drawbar 3.1.2

Curve (Axiom 25 only)

2.1.1, 3.4.1 & 3.5.5

Accel Curve (Axiom 49, 61 only)

3.4.1

Vel Curve (Axiom 49, 61 only)

2.1.1

Pad Curve (Axiom 49, 61 only)

3.5.5

Numeric Keypad (Axiom 49, 61 only) 2.0.1

Data Entry Keys (Axiom 25 only)

2.0.2

* If any of these functions are assigned, the –/+ buttons will continue to control that function on the ﬂy. In the case of the Axiom 25, this means

that changes to Program, Glob. Chan and Recall can be performed without having to press the Advanced button. If you wish to enter the number using the numeric data entry keys, then either press Advanced, or press both the –/+ buttons together.

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom

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Axiom Line User Guide

2.1 The Keyboard

When you play the keyboard, MIDI note messages are sent. These messages are read by your computer software or external MIDI gear and used to generate sound accordingly.

2.1.1 Velocity Curve

A MIDI note message is sent with a velocity value between 0 and 127 which speciﬁes how hard you pressed the key. A velocity value of 0 speciﬁes that the key has been released. Since different people have different playing styles, your Axiom offers a number of different velocity curves. You should experiment with the different velocity curves available to ﬁnd the curve that best suits your playing style.

It is also possible to send ﬁxed velocities each time you press a key. This is useful when composing drum parts, or simple synthesizer tracks. The ﬁxed velocities are selected by assigning curve 10 to 12 as follows:

Curve Fixed Velocity value

F10 64

F11 100

F12 127

To change the velocity curve:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Vel. Curve Keys button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the currently selected velocity curve, preceded by a ‘C’ if a curve is selected, or ‘F’ if a ﬁxed velocity is selected.

< Enter the new curve number using the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button. This sets the keyboard to control data entry.

< Press the Curve Key button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the currently selected velocity curve, preceded by a ‘C’ if a curve is selected, or ‘F’ if a ﬁxed velocity is selected.

< Enter the new curve number using the numeric data entry keys.

The velocity curve is remembered whenever you power down your Axiom.

2.1.2 Octave

There are 128 possible notes that can be sent as MIDI messages. If you wish to play a note that is out of your keyboard’s range, it is possible to shift the keyboard’s range up or down using the Octave buttons. The Octave buttons shift the range of the keyboard up or down by 12 notes. Using the Octave buttons all of the 128 notes can be sent.

To access all 11 available octaves from your keyboard:

< Press Octave DOWN to shift down one octave at a time.

< Press Octave UP to shift up one octave at a time.

2.1.3 Transpose

The Octave buttons can also be used to transpose your keyboard. Some players like to play in a particular key like C or F, for example. Transpose lets you change the pitch you are controlling and continue to play in the key that is most comfortable for you. It is possible to transpose up or down by as much as 12 MIDI notes (or semi-tones). This means if you press the transpose –/+ buttons 12 times, the tone will sound exactly one octave higher or lower.

To transpose the pitch you are playing:

< Press both Octave DOWN and Octave UP together. The current transpose value will ﬂash on the LCD display.

< Press either UP to transpose up by one 1⁄2 step, or DOWN to transpose down by one 1⁄2 step. The transpose value on the LCD will update

accordingly.

< When your transpose edit is accepted, the LCD display will stop ﬂashing and performance mode resumes.

The maximum transpose value is +12 (up) or -12 (down).

Once you have set the transpose value, the Octave buttons will return to controlling the Octave shift.

Octave and Transpose settings can be saved to any of the 20 memory locations of your Axiom. This process is explained in detail in

section 3.2.

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom

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2.2 MIDI Channel

MIDI messages can be sent on any of 16 channels. If you are connected to a computer, the MIDI software will be receiving on all channels in most cases. However, when you are connected to external MIDI synthesizers, sound modules and some virtual instruments, you need to match the transmit channel of your keyboard with the receiving channel of the MIDI device for the connection to work properly.

To set the channel of your keyboard:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the G. Chan button. The LCD will ﬂash the channel that the keyboard is currently transmitting on.

< Enter a channel within the range 1-16 on the numeric keypad. The LCD will update to display the new channel selected as you enter the

data.

25 note version:

< Press the G. Chan button. The LCD will ﬂash the GLOB CHAN symbol.

< Use the –/+ buttons to select a channel in the range 1-16. As you press these buttons you will see the selected channel change on the

LCD display.

< Press the G. Chan button.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Enter the channel in the range 1-16 on the numeric data entry keys.

Controlling Percussion Sounds – Setting the transmit channel of your keyboard to channel 10 will allow you to control percussion sounds on any GM, GM2, GS, or XG compatible module or synthesizer.

The Global MIDI channel setting can be saved to any of the 20 memory locations of your Axiom. This process is explained in detail in section 3.2.

2.3 Program And Bank Changes

Program messages (commonly referred to as program changes) are used to select different instrument sounds in a MIDI device. Program messages cover a range of 128 instruments. These instruments are accessed by sending program numbers 0 to 127.

Some MIDI devices have more than 128 instruments. If this is the case, the instruments tend to be separated into groups of 128, called banks. You can send bank MSB and bank LSB messages to access these different banks. Please consult the user manual of your MIDI device to see the bank numbers and program numbers that map to the different instruments that are available to you.

To send a program change:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Program button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the program number that was last sent out.

< Enter the program change in the range 0-127 on the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Program button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the PROG symbol.

< Use the –/+ buttons to select a program change in the range 0-127.

< Press the Program button.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Enter the program change in the range 0-127 on the numeric data entry keys.

Section 2: Basic MIDI Control From Your Axiom

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Axiom Line User Guide

To send a bank change:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Bank LSB or Bank MSB button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the bank number that was last sent out.

< Enter the new bank number in the range 0-127 on the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press either the Bank LSB key or Bank MSB key.

< The LCD will ﬂash the bank number that was last sent out.

< Enter the new bank number in the range 0-127 on the numeric data entry keys.

Program and bank settings can be saved to any of the 20 memory locations of your Axiom. This process is explained in detail in section 3.2.

2.4 MIDI Controller Messages

There are 128 MIDI controller messages that are used for controlling the MIDI-adjustable parameters on your external MIDI gear, or software. Examples of these controllable parameters include volume, pan, expression, reverb, chorus and portamento.

Each of the controls on your Axiom keyboard is able to send any of the 128 standard MIDI controller messages to control such parameters. Please note that in order for these effects to work, the MIDI device you are sending to must be able to receive these messages. A full list of these control messages is given in Appendix C.

For example, you may want to set the Modulation wheel to control the reverb amount. This is done by changing the control number of the Modulation wheel assignment to 91.

Examples of other popular effects are listed in the table below. (Please consult Appendix C for the full list.)

Effect Control Number

Modulation 1

Volume

Pan 10

Expression 11

Reverb depth 91

Chorus depth 93

There are many different types of virtual instrument and MIDI device software available and most of these respond to MIDI controller messages, allowing you to control a variety of parameters from your Axiom keyboard. Please review the manual of your software, or MIDI gear to see what these controller numbers are.

2.4.1 Extra Messages – 128 To 131

You may have noticed that although we have stated there are 128 MIDI controller messages, Appendix C shows 132 assignable controller messages. This is because messages 128 – 131 are a different type of MIDI message deﬁned in the General MIDI Speciﬁcation as RPN messages. You can assign these to the controls on your Axiom keyboard in exactly the same way as any other MIDI controller message. The RPN messages control the following:

Controller Number MIDI Message Use

128 Pitch Bend Sensitivity Alters the range of a pitch bend message

129 Master Tune (coarse) Adjusts the tuning of your sound module or synthesizer in large steps

130 Master Tune (ﬁne) Adjusts the tuning of your sound module or synthesizer in small steps

131 Channel Aftertouch* Adds a vibrato effect

*Channel Aftertouch is not an RPN message. However, it is an additional effect message deﬁned in the General MIDI speciﬁcation and this is why we have included it in Appendix C.

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2.4.2 Programming The Controls On Your Axiom

When programming a control on your Axiom, the control that was last used is ﬁrst selected for programming. To select a different control for programming use one of the following two methods:

Method 1:

25, 49 and 61 note versions:

< Move the control you wish to program, or press the assignable button, or pad.

Method 2:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Ctrl Select buttons.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the last used control.

< Use the numeric keypad to enter the number of the control you want to select for programming.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Select key on the keyboard.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the last used control.

< Use the numeric data entry keys to enter the number of the control you want to select for programming.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm and return to performance mode.

The advantage of method 2 is that you do not have to move a control to select it – so there is no danger of disturbing a parameter on the

MIDI device you are controlling.

Programming a control:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the control for programming using method 1 or 2 above.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned MIDI controller number. The control you are programming is displayed in the bottom

left hand corner of the LCD display for clarity.

< Use the numeric keypad to enter the MIDI controller number 0-131 as deﬁned in Appendix C.

25 note version:

< Select the control for programming using method 1 or 2 above.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key on the keyboard.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned MIDI controller number. The control you are programming is displayed in the bottom

left hand corner of the LCD display for clarity.

< Use the numeric data entry keys to enter the MIDI controller 0-131 as deﬁned in Appendix C.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm and return to performance mode.

The settings of your controls can be saved to any of the 20 memory locations of your Axiom. This process is explained in detail in section 3.2.

2.4.3 Panic

At times you may ﬁnd that the sound on your sound module or virtual instrument does not seem correct, or that notes get “stuck” and sound continuously. When this happens, press the Panic button to send ‘reset all controllers’ and ‘all notes off’ commands. This will release stuck notes and reset controller values back to normal. The messages are sent on all 16 MIDI channels.

2.4.4 Reset

It is possible to completely reset your keyboard at any time. To do this, turn the Axiom off and then press and hold down both of the –/+ buttons as you power up the keyboard. Important Note: When you perform this reset, all of the factory presets are lost. To restore the factory presets, please use the Enigma software, available as a free download at www.m-audio.com .

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Section 3: Advanced Features

In Section 2 we saw how to use the keyboard, send program and bank changes and assign MIDI controllers to the various controls on your Axiom. These basic skills allow you to perform with many software applications, sound modules or synthesizers. However, the Axiom has some more advanced features that allow you to take your performance even further. In this section we look at these features and what they can do for your performance.

(If you have not done so already, please familiarize yourself with the various functions used when programming your Axiom. Details of these functions are given in section 2.0.)

3.1 MIDI Controllers

Appendix C lists all the standard MIDI controller messages and some additional common messages all of which can be assigned to the controls on your Axiom.

Here we introduce an expanded list of MIDI controllers and also different ways that the controls on the Axiom are able to function. Since these extra controller numbers are speciﬁc to different types of controls on the Axiom, please consult the appendices:

Axiom Control Controller Deﬁnition Table

Sliders Appendix D

After-touch strip

Appendix D

Expression pedal Appendix D

Pitch Bend Wheel Appendix D

Modulation Wheel Appendix D

Sustain pedal Appendix E

Transport buttons

Appendix E

Assignable buttons Appendix E

Rotary encoders

Appendix F

Trigger Pads

Appendix G

Each MIDI controller has either 2 or 3 extra data parameters associated with it, as shown in the appendices listed above. The function of these extra data parameters depends on what MIDI controller number is assigned to the selected Axiom control. The appendices above show the details of what this functionality may be. The extra data parameters for a controller are accessed using the Data 1, Data 2 and Data 3 buttons on the 49 and 61 note versions, and the Advanced button, followed by the Data 1, Data 2 or Data 3 keys on the 25 note version.

The useful programming examples given below describe some of the uses for these extra data parameters.

3.1.1 Limiting The Range Of Controllers

It is possible to limit the range of the sliders, after-touch strip, expression pedal or dials on your Axiom. This is achieved using the extra data parameters for the controller as follows:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Set the control to transmit a MIDI controller message as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press Data 2 and enter the minimum value for the controller’s range.

< Press Data 3 and enter the maximum value for the controller’s range.

25 note version:

< Set the control to transmit a MIDI controller message as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Data 2 key and enter the minimum value for the controller’s range.

< Press the Data 3 key and enter the maximum value for the controller’s range.

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3.1.2 Drawbar Mode

Drawbar mode is a quick method of reversing the direction of the nine sliders on your Axiom. If you are controlling an instrument that makes use of drawbars rather than faders – the M-B3 electric organ on KeyRig for example, then you should use drawbar mode.

(The Drawbar function is not available on the 25 note version.)

To enable Drawbar mode, press the two buttons labelled Drawbar. When Drawbar mode is active, this will be indicated by the Drawbar symbol in the LCD display.

The status of Drawbar mode can be saved in any of the 20 memory locations. It will also be remembered when you power down your Axiom.

NOTE: It is possible to reverse the direction of any control on your Axiom 25, 49 or 61, by switching the minimum and maximum limits for the controller (refer to the previous section).

3.1.3 Turning Controls OFF

Stop a control from transmitting MIDI data by turning that control OFF. This is done as follows:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the control as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button and enter ‘000’ on the numeric keypad.

< While the LCD is still ﬂashing, press the data minus (–) button.

< The LCD will now display ‘OFF’.

25 note version:

< Select the control using the method described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key, and enter ‘000’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< While the LCD is still ﬂashing, press the data minus (–) button.

< The LCD will now display ‘OFF’.

3.2 Recall And Store Of Your Control Setups

Once you have programmed the controls of your Axiom, you can store your setup into one of the 20 memory locations the Axiom offers.

The 20 locations are accessed using the Store and Recall buttons. Use the Store button to write your control setups to a memory location. Use the Recall button to get your control setups back.

To store all of the current control settings on your Axiom:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Store button.

< Enter the number of the memory location (1 to 20) using the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Store key.

< Enter the number of the memory location (1 to 20) using the numeric data entry keys, or the –/+ buttons.

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To recall any memory you have stored:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Recall button.

< Enter the number of the memory location (1 to 20) using the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Recall button.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Enter the number of the memory location (1 to 20) using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Recall button.

< Use the –/+ buttons to increment, decrement the currently selected memory.

3.2.1 Control Groups

The controls on your Axiom are separated into 4 groups (3 on the 25 note version), labeled A, B, C and D. It is possible to recall or store each group individually. The controls are grouped as follows:

Group A: Group B: Group C: Group D (49 note and 61 note versions only):

Keyboard Eight Encoders Eight Trigger Pads Nine Sliders

Pitchbend Wheel Six Transport Controls Nine Assignable buttons

Modulation Wheel Drawbar mode setting

Expression Pedal

Aftertouch Strip

Sustain Pedal

Zone settings*

Global Channel setting

MIDI Out from USB setting

Program, Bank LSB, MSB settings

* For more detail on Zone settings, please see section 3.6.

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The active groups during store and recall of memories are indicated on the LCD display. The Zone/Group button is used to select which groups are active. If Zone/Group is active, the LED will light inside the Zone/Group button.

On the 49 and 61 note versions, when Zone/Group is active, buttons D42, D43, D44 and D45 are used to activate/deactivate Groups A-D, as the LCD screen shows.

On the 25 note version, when Zone/Group is active, the PLAY, REC and LOOP buttons are used to activate/deactivate Groups A-C, as the LCD display shows.

Whenever you press the Recall or Store buttons, you will notice that Zone/Group select becomes active automatically.

If you press the Store button, all groups will be active by default to prevent any risk of some of the controls you have set up getting missed. However, it is possible to de-activate any groups of controllers you do not wish to store at that time.

If you press the Recall button, the groups are active as you will have set up before recall was pressed..

For example, if you want to store the settings for the trigger pads only:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Store button.

< Press buttons D42, D43 and D45 to de-activate groups A, B and D.

< The LCD display will now only ﬂash the Group C symbol.

< Use the numeric keypad to enter the memory location to store the Pad settings.

25 note version:

< Press Advanced

< Press the Store key

< Press the PLAY and REC buttons to de-activate groups A and B.

< The LCD display will now only ﬂash the Group C symbol.

< Use the numeric data entry keys to enter the memory location.

3.2.2 Storing Your Presets On A computer

It is possible to store the entire memory contents of your Axiom onto an external computer, or a hardware sequencer. This is done using the Memory Dump feature which sends a MIDI Sys Ex dump to the connected device.

You can record the Sys Ex data to a MIDI track on a sequencer, or we recommend using M-Audio’s unique Enigma software.

To send the entire memory contents of your Axiom to a computer:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Memory Dump buttons.

< The LCD display will ﬂash ‘SYS’.

< Do not touch your Axiom until the Sys Ex dump has completed and the LCD display has returned to normal.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Mem.Dump key.

< The LCD display will ﬂash ‘SYS’.

< Do not touch your Axiom until the Sys Ex dump has completed and the LCD display has returned to normal.

By sending the Sys Ex dump back into the MIDI IN port or the USB in on your Axiom, you re-program the memory just as it was saved.

Note: The Sys Ex data will program the 20 memories on your Axiom. It does NOT affect the current control settings on your Axiom. If you want to access data from the Sys Ex dump you sent to the Axiom, call up any memory location.

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3.2.3 Device ID

On the 49 and 61 note versions, you can deﬁne the device ID of your speciﬁc Axiom keyboard when sending a Sys Ex memory dump. The device ID is used to distinguish between any number of connected Axiom keyboards, if you are lucky enough to own more than one!

The 25 note version does not have a device ID feature and so the device ID remains hard coded at 127. (127 is also the default device ID for the 49 and 61 note versions.) With the device ID set to 127, your Axiom responds to any Sys Ex memory dump that it reads at the USB IN or MIDI IN port.

If you change the device ID to any number other than 127, the device will only respond to Sys Ex memory dumps which were originally recorded on the same device ID number.

3.3 How To Avoid Jumping Parameters

A common problem with MIDI controllers occurs when you move a control and the receiving parameter on your external MIDI gear or software jumps from its present setting to the one you just sent. The result can be a volume spike, or vibrato effect suddenly engaging or a pan position jumping from one side to another. The Axiom is well equipped to avoid this situation.

3.3.1 Mute

The Mute button on your Axiom will turn off the MIDI data output from all controls. This allows you to re-position the control you are using to a setting that matches the current value of the parameter you are addressing.

When the controls are all muted, the LCD displays the MUTE symbol. The controls are un-muted by pressing the Mute button a second time.

Note that Mute does not affect the assignable buttons, sustain pedal or the keyboard. This is because these controls send one-shot MIDI controllers, so there is never a need to match them to the parameter they are controlling. So, Mute mode is disengaged when you play the keyboard, or if you press an assignable button or the sustain pedal.

3.3.2 Null

The Null button engages Null mode which is used to temporarily deactivate the controls on your Axiom when you call up a new memory location. Null mode blocks the controls from outputting MIDI data until they reach the same position at which you left them the last time you used the memory location. When Null mode is active, there is never a worry that a control on your Axiom will cause a parameter to jump.

Turn Null mode on and off at any time simply by pressing the Null button. When Null mode is active, the LED in the Null button will be lit.

Here’s how it works. When Null mode is active, moving a control on the Axiom engages a comparison between the current position of the control and its position when you last used the memory. If the control is at a different position than where you last left it, the NULL symbol on the LCD display is shown and the numerical value displayed indicates how far away you are from the original position. A negative number indicates that the current value is lower than where you had left it, and a positive number indicates a higher value. As you move the control nearer to its original value, you see the numbers on the LCD display tend towards 0. When 0 is reached, the NULL symbol turns off, and the control starts to output MIDI data again.

The current positions of every control are remembered each time you leave a memory to recall a new one, regardless of whether Null mode is active or not.

The status of Null mode is stored on powering down your Axiom.

3.3.3 Snapshot

The Snapshot function sends out the current values of the sliders, expression pedal, modulation wheel, pitch bend wheel and rotary encoders. This will adjust your software or external MIDI gear to the control positions on your Axiom.

Snapshot can be used in conjunction with the Mute function (section 3.3.1) in order to perform a function not available on most hardware synths. Use the Mute function to re-position the controls of your Axiom as you like, and then use the Snapshot function to send all of the new positions at the same time.

3.4 The Rotary Encoders

As mentioned in section 2 it is possible to assign the rotary encoders to any MIDI controller message listed in Appendix C. When the encoders are assigned to MIDI controllers, they work in the same way as the sliders – when the minimum or maximum limit is reached, no more data is sent until you turn the dial the other way.

It is possible to program the encoders to increment or decrement the current value in the software, rather than sending an actual value. This means that there is never a risk of causing your software parameters to jump if they do no match the position of the control you’re moving.

Please note that not all software supports the use of rotary encoders. Also, those applications that do support them can differ in the way they are implemented. The Axiom therefore supports several different types of increment/decrement MIDI messages. You should check your software’s manual to see what message type is supported and how to engage endless dial support. To help with this we have listed the names commonly used for each of the relative data methods. We have also provided the data values used to represent data increment and data decrement. Where a range of values is speciﬁed for an increment or decrement, the range is in the form “(slow movement) to (fast movement)”.

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The Program change increment/decrement will send out program changes with each step.

In order to program one of these methods to the rotary encoders on your Axiom, you should assign the MIDI controllers given below:

MIDI CC Endless data method Increment Decrement

145 Program Change increment/decrement - -

146 2’s comp from 64 / Relative (binary offset) 065 to 127

063 to 000

147 2’s comp from 0 / Relative (2’s comp) 001 to 64 127 to 065

148 Sign magnitude / Relative (signed bit) 065 to 127 001 to 063

149 Sign magnitude / Relative (signed bit 2) 001 to 063 065 to 127

150 Single value Increment/decrement 096 097

151 RPN increment/decrement message 096 then 000 to 127 097 then 000 to 127

152 NRPN increment/decrement message 096 then 000 to 127 097 then 000 to 127

Assign the Rotary Encoders this way:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the rotary encoder as explained in Section 2.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button. The LCD ﬂashes the encoder’s current controller assignment.

< Decide which endless data method you want from the table above, and enter its MIDI CC number using the numeric keypad.

< Press Data 2. The LCD display ﬂashes the encoder’s current data parameter.

< Enter the MIDI controller number from Appendix C that you want. Note that the range in this case is 0-127, not 0-131.

< The encoder will now transmit increment/decrement messages on the MIDI controller you have set.

25 note version:

< Select the rotary encoder as explained in Section 2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key. The LCD will ﬂash the dials current controller assignment.

< Decide which endless data method you require from the table above, and enter its MIDI CC number using the numeric data entry

keys.

< Press the Data 2 key. The LCD display will ﬂash the encoder’s current data parameter.

< Enter the MIDI controller number from Appendix C that you want. Note that the range in this case is 0-127, not 0-131.

< The encoder will now transmit increment/decrement messages on the MIDI controller you have set.

3.4.1 Acceleration Curves

There are three acceleration curves (C1-3) which deﬁne the relationship between how fast you turn the endless dial and the value increment/ decrement that is sent out. It is also possible to turn the acceleration curve OFF so that regardless of how quickly or slowly you turn the dial, the value will only increment/decrement by 1 per step. Turning the acceleration curve off is useful if you are performing adjustments that require ﬁne tuning.

To turn the acceleration curve off, set the curve to 0. Curve settings 1-3 get progressively more sensitive to large movements of the dial. So, if you are going to be performing a lot of large, fast controller sweeps, you should select acceleration curve 3.

The curve selected by default is 2 which we advise for general use, in performing both large and small sweeps.

To select the acceleration curve:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Accel. Curve buttons.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned acceleration curve.

< Use the numeric keypad to select an acceleration curve in the range 0 to 3. 0 will turn the curve off.

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Axiom Line User Guide

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Curve key 3 times.

< The LCD display will ﬂash ‘En’ on the small 2-digit display to indicate that you have selected to edit the endless dial’s acceleration

curve. The currently assigned acceleration curve will ﬂash on the larger, 3-digit display.

< Use the numeric data entry keys, or the –/+ buttons to select an acceleration curve in the range 0 to 5. 0 will turn the curve off.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm.

3.5 Pressure Pads

The eight pressure pads on your Axiom are unique controls. As you apply more pressure to a pad, a higher value of effect is transmitted. The pads can also be used as triggers for composing drum patterns, or triggering samples and loops.

You can program the pads to any of the controllers listed in Appendix G.

If you program a controller number from 0 to 144, the pad sends a value according to the pressure you apply.

If you program a controller number from 145 up to 156, the pad works as a trigger, sending a single value when you press the pad, and another value when you release it.

Some useful settings for these pads are:

3.5.1 Sample/Loop Triggers With MIDI Notes

Setting a pad to controller 147 sets the pad to send a MIDI Note On message when you press it, and a MIDI Note Off message when you release it. This is useful when triggering samples on your external MIDI gear or software. When you program a pad to controller 148, the MIDI Note Off message is not sent until you press the pad a second time (toggle effect). This can be useful if you want to keep a loop playing continuously.

To program the pads to send a MIDI note on/off message:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the pad as described in Section 2.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned controller to the pad.

< Enter 147 for Note on/off (press/release), or 148 for note on/off (press two times – toggle).

< Press the Data 1 button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned note for the pad.

< Enter the note number you want the pad to transmit using the numeric keypad.

< The Data 2 and Data 3 buttons can be used to specify the note off velocity, and note on velocity respectively.

25 note version:

< Select the pad as described in Section 2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned controller to the pad.

< Enter 147 for Note on/off (press/release), or 148 for note on/off (press two times – toggle).

< Press the Data 1 key.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned note for the pad.

< Enter the note number you want the pad to transmit using the numeric keypad.

< The Data 2 and Data 3 keys can be used to specify the note off velocity, and note on velocity respectively.

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3.5.2 Drum Pattern Composition

When you ﬁrst turn your Axiom on, you will ﬁnd that the pressure pads are set up as drum triggers for composing drum loops in MIDI sequencers.

To set up the drum triggers, you need to program the pads to send speciﬁc MIDI note numbers (see previous section). The note numbers you assign depend on the drums that you want to control. Please refer to Appendix B to see which drums are mapped to which MIDI note numbers. Then, using the Data 1 parameter for each pad on your Axiom, assign that note number to the pad, as described above.

3.5.3 Sample/Loop Triggers With MIDI Controller Messages

Some software may require you to send standard MIDI controller messages to trigger samples or loops. To make this work you ﬁrst assign a MIDI controller to the pad and then set the pad to send just ON and OFF values. This is done as follows:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the pad as described in Section 2.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned controller to the pad.

< Enter ‘146’, which sets the pad to send an ON value when pressed, and OFF value when released.

< Press the Data 1 button and enter the controller number from Appendix C that you want the pad to send. The range of values here

is 0-127.

< Press the Data 3 button and enter the ON value (this should be 127 in most cases).

< Press the Data 2 button and enter the OFF value (this should be 0 in most cases).

3.5.4 Pressure Control

Using the pressure control, the pads give you a different type of performance option on your Axiom. You can control parameters on your software in a way that would not be possible on a standard dial or slider. The pressure pads can be used to make some very interesting effects.

As we’ve seen above, each pad can be assigned an individual MIDI controller number. It is also possible to assign minimum and maximum values to the controller. As you apply more and more pressure to the pad, the value of the controller you are sending will increase, until the maximum value you speciﬁed is reached. On release, the pad will return to the minimum value you speciﬁed.

To set the controller for a pressure pad, with a minimum and maximum value:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the pad as described in Section 2.

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned controller to the pad.

< Enter the controller number from Appendix C that you want the pad to send.

< If you want to specify a minimum value limit, press the Data 2 button and enter the minimum value.

< If you want to specify a maximum value limit, press the Data 3 button and enter the maximum value.

25 note version:

< Select the pad as described in Section 2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned controller to the pad.

< Enter the controller number from Appendix C that you want the pad to send, using the numeric data entry keys.

< If you want to specify a minimum value limit, press the Data 2 key and enter the minimum value.

< If you want to specify a maximum value limit, press the Data 3 key and enter the maximum value.

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3.5.5 Pad Curve

The Pad curve button is used to set the response curve of all eight pads. It is not possible to set the response curve of the pads independently.

There are nine response curves, and 3 ﬁxed curves.

To change the velocity curve:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Pad. Curve button.

< The LCD will ﬂash the currently selected velocity curve. Proceeded by a ‘C’ if a curve is selected, or ‘F’ if a ﬁxed velocity* is selected.

< Enter the new curve number using the numeric keypad.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Pad. Curve key twice.

< The LCD will ﬂash the currently selected velocity curve. Proceeded by a ‘C’ if a curve is selected, or ‘F’ if a ﬁxed velocity* is selected.

< Enter the new curve number using the numeric data entry keys.

*It is also possible to select to send ﬁxed velocities each time you press a key. This is useful when composing drum parts, or simple synthesizer tracks. The ﬁxed velocities are selected by assigning curve 10 to 12 as follows:

Curve Fixed Velocity value

10 64

11 100

12 127

3.5.6 Vel. Lock

The Vel. Lock feature allows you to immediately turn off the response curve of the pads, and lock them to a set velocity. You can assign a different Lock velocity to each pad individually.

To turn Vel. Lock mode on and off, use the Vel. Lock buttons.

Please note that the Vel. Lock feature only applies to pads set up as trigger pads. If a pad is assigned as a pressure pad, the Vel Lock function has no affect.

The velocities that are locked by this function are set using the Data 2 and Data 3 parameters for each pad.

Setting the Vel Lock parameters as follows:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the pad for programming as explained in Section 2.4.2.

< Ensure the pad is set up as a note trigger pad as described in Section 3.5.1.

< Press the Data 3 button. Enter the ﬁxed ON velocity.

< Press the Data 2 button. Enter the ﬁxed OFF velocity.

25 note version:

< Select the pad for programming as explained in Section 2.4.2.

< Ensure the pad is set up as a note trigger pad as described in Section 3.5.1.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Data 3 key. Enter the ﬁxed ON velocity.

< Press Data 2 key. Enter the ﬁxed OFF velocity.

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3.6 Controlling Several Devices At The Same Time

In a software MIDI environment, it is often desirable to control more than one device at a time. This is done by transmitting on different MIDI channels, each one triggering a different sound. Using the Axiom, you can divide the keyboard into sections, with each section transmitting on a different MIDI channel. Furthermore, you assign the channel of each control on your Axiom to individual channels, or even tie controls to the different sections of the keyboard you have set. Dividing the keyboard between channels is done using the Zone feature.

3.6.1 Zones

The Zone feature on your Axiom is used to control several different sound devices at the same time. In doing so, you can create split, layer and harmony effects and more.

For example, you can split the keyboard on your Axiom so your left hand plays a bass sound and your right hand plays a piano sound. You can create a setting where you hear a chord by playing a single note, or you can set up a way to quickly switch between different instruments. The Zone feature on the Axiom allows you to do all of these things and more.

3.6.2 Activating/De-activating Zones

There are 4 zones assignable on the 49 and 61 note versions and 3 zones assignable on the 25 note version. To activate/de-activate zones, press the Zone/Group button which lights to conﬁrm your selection.

To enable/disable any zone:

< Press the Zone/Group button.

< On 49 and 61 note versions use the assignable buttons D37, D38, D39 and D40 to activate/de-activate zones 1-4 respectively.

< On the 25 note version, press LOOP, RW, FF buttons to activate/de-activate zones 1-3 respectively.

* When you enable a single zone, the other 2 (or 3) zones are automatically disabled. To enable multiple zones, press the respective zone activate/de-activate buttons at the same time.

The active zones will always be shown on the LCD display

Zones have a number of parameters associated with them and editing these parameters affects all zones that are currently active simultaneously. Editing the various Zone parameters is described below.

The active/inactive status of each zone can be stored to the 20 memory locations. You must ensure Group A is selected to store this data. Please see section 3.2.1 for more information on Groups.

3.6.3 Zone Channel

If you want to use the Zone feature to control a number of different instruments, you need to set each of the zones to transmit on different channels.

To assign the channel of a zone:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Zone Chan. button. The LED in the Zone/Group button lights to indicate that Zone/Group mode is automatically selected.

< The LCD displays the current transmit channel for the selected zone and ﬂashes the symbols representing the zones that are currently

active (and therefore be affected by this channel change). Select the zones for assignment using the activate/de-activate buttons as described in the previous section.

< Enter the new channel number (00 to 16) using the numeric keypad. (Please note that assigning the zone to channel 00, will set the

zone to transmit on the Global Channel (see see section 2.2)).

< Once the channel edit is complete, Zone/Group mode exits automatically.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< The LCD displays the current transmit channel for the selected zone and ﬂashes the symbols representing the zones that are currently

active (and therefore be affected by this channel change). Select the zones for assignment using the activate/de-activate buttons as described in the previous section.

< Enter the new channel number (00 to 16) using the numeric keypad. (Please note that assigning the zone to channel 00, will set the

zone to transmit on the Global Channel (see see section 2.2)).

< Once the channel edit is complete, Zone/Group mode exits automatically.

The transmit channel of each zone can be stored to the 20 memory locations. You must ensure Group A is selected to store this data.

Please see section 3.2.1 for more information on Groups.

Section 3: Advanced Features

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Axiom Line User Guide

3.6.4 Zone Range

The Zone Range deﬁnes the upper and lower limits of the keys contained in a zone.

To set the range of a zone:

< Press the Zone Range button. The LED in the Zone/Group button lights to indicate that Zone/Group mode is automatically selected.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the symbols representing all zones which are currently active, and will therefore be affected by this range

setting. The Range symbol will also appear on the LCD display.

< Press a key on the keyboard to select the lower limit of the zone. The note number is displayed in small digits on the LCD display.

< Press a second key on the keyboard to select the upper limit of the zone. The note number is displayed in large digits of the LCD

display.

Once two keys have been pressed, the keyboard will automatically return to normal, and the range of the edited zone will be updated.

Note: It’s possible for zones to overlap to create the effect of ‘layered’ keyboards.

The range of each zone can be stored to the 20 memory locations. You must ensure Group A is selected to store this data. Please see section

3.2.1 for more information on Groups.

3.6.5 Octave And Transpose Of A Zone

Each zone can be octave shifted or transposed independently.

To set the octave or transposition of a zone:

< Press the Zone Range button.

< Select the zones you want to edit using the zone activate/de-activate buttons as described in section 3.6.2.

< Use the Octave –/+ buttons to select the new octave/transpose value, as described in section 2.1.2 and 2.1.3.

If Zone Range mode is not active when you make an octave/transpose change, the change is global, meaning all active zones will be affected.

If Zone Range mode is active when you make an octave/transpose change, only those zones currently active will be affected.

The Octave and Transpose values for each independent zone, as well as the global octave and transpose values can be stored to the 20 memory locations. You must ensure Group A is selected to store this data. Please see section 3.2.1 for more information on Groups.

3.6.6 More About Program, Bank LSB And Bank MSB

We saw in section 2.3 how Program and Bank messages can be sent from your Axiom to select different sounds on the connected device(s).

When you send these messages, they apply to whichever zones are active at that time. If two zones are selected and set to transmit on different channels, the Program or Bank message will be sent on BOTH channels.

Note: New Program and Bank messages always override previously sent Program and Bank messages. It is important to ensure that ONLY those zones that you want to send these messages on are active, or you could call up new sounds on a device you don’t intend to.

The last sent Program, Bank LSB and Bank MSB message for each zone is remembered, and can be stored in each of the 20 memory locations. You must ensure Group A is selected to store this data. Please see section 3.2.1 for more information on Groups.

3.6.7 Individual Channel Assignments Of Controls

Every control on your Axiom can be assigned to its own individual channel, allowing you to control several instruments at the same time. It is also possible to tie a control to a zone, or to the Global Channel.

To assign the transmit channel for a control:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Select the control as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the Chan. Assign button.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned MIDI channel.

< Use the numeric keypad to enter the new MIDI channel in the range 00 to 20 (20 MIDI channels?? – we explain this below).

Section 3: Advanced Features

Page 25

25 note version:

< Select the control as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Chan. Assign key.

< The LCD display will ﬂash the currently assigned MIDI channel.

< Use the numeric data entry keys to enter the new MIDI channel in the range 00 to 19 (19 MIDI channels?? – we explain this below).

The Channel assignment of each control is saved if the group to which that control belongs is active when you store to any of the 20 memory

locations.

3.6.7.1 Tying Controls To Zones

If you assign a control to channel 17, 18, 19 or 20 the control is tied to the transmit channel of Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3 or Zone 4 respectively

(remember that the 49 and 61 note versions of the Axiom have four possible zones and the 25 note version has three). Therefore, as you alter a zone’s channel, you are also altering the control’s channel at the same time.

Note that although a control may be tied to a zone, if you want to save this assignment to any of the 20 memory locations, it is necessary

to ensure you select the group to which the control belongs. Group A does not cover this.

3.6.7.2 About Sys Ex Messages & Device ID

When transmitting Sys Ex messages, the individual control channel number does not deﬁne a transmit channel, but a device ID instead.

This is a difference that is indicated on the LCD display when it DOES NOT show a ‘c’ for channel.

Device ID values range from 00 – 127. In most cases, you should set the device ID to 127, which is a value that allows Sys Ex messages to

be received by all connected devices.

Please note that the device ID assigned to a controller cannot be changed using the Dev ID button. This button is used for setting the global

device ID of the Axiom.

For more information on Device ID’s and Sys Ex messages please see section 5.3.

3.6.7.3 The Global Channel

The Global Channel of the Axiom can be altered easily on the ﬂy and any control or zone that is assigned to channel 00 will transmit on

whatever channel the Global Channel is set to.

The Global Channel can be stored to any of the 20 memory locations, as long as Group A is selected.

3.7 ‘Group A’ Controls

Note: For information on Group A memory recall, please review section 3.2.1.

The term ‘Group A controls’ refers to the pitch-bend wheel, modulation wheel, after-touch, sustain pedal and expression pedal. Each of these controls differs from other controls on your Axiom because these can be programmed to be active or inactive in each zone independently.

This means for instance, that you can set the sustain pedal to work on Zone 1, but not Zone 2, or the pitch-bend wheel to affect Zone 3, but not Zone 1.

In order for the Group A control to transmit on all zones, the channel assignment must be set to 0. If a Group A control is assigned to any channel other than 0, it will behave in the same way as any other control on your Axiom.

If a Group A control is selected, when you press Ctrl Assign, the MIDI controller message you assign to the Group A control will apply to all the zones that are active at that time. This means the MIDI controller you have assigned to the Group A control will be transmitted on all the channels the selected zones were assigned to.

In order to prevent the Group A control transmitting on more than one active zone, you can simply assign the Group A control to the desired zone’s channel. This will prevent the Group A control having an affect on any of the other zones, as long as they are not assigned to the same channel.

Alternatively, you can set the controller message to OFF if you do not want a Group A control to affect certain zones:

< Select the Group A control.

< The LED in the Zone/Group button lights to conﬁrm your move.

< Select the zones that you do NOT want the Group A control to affect.

< Use the Ctrl Assign button to set the value to ‘000’ as described in section 2.4.2.

< Press the minus (–) button to set the control to OFF.

Note: If a zone is not enabled, the Group A controller will NOT transmit the data that is assigned to that Zone.

Section 3: Advanced Features

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Axiom Line User Guide

3.8 Example Of Control Functionality

3.8.1 Setting Toggle Values For The Buttons

The assignable buttons and the pedals can each be assigned to toggle between two MIDI controller message values. You may for example want to send out value 15 when you ﬁrst press the button followed by value 74 when you press the button for a second time.

Setting up a toggle effect:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Data 2 button.

< Type in ‘015’ using the numeric keypad. This sets the OFF position value.

< Press the Data 3 button.

< Type in ‘074’ using the numeric keypad. This sets ON position value.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Data 2 key.

< Type in ‘15’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm. This sets the OFF position value.

< Press the Data 3 key.

< Type in ‘074’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm. This sets ON position value.

If you want the button to send the same value every time you press it, simply set the same value for both Data 2 and Data 3.

The above method toggles the button each time you press it. It is also possible to set the button to send one value when you press it, and

another value when you release it.

Setting up an alternating value effect:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< Type in ‘148’ using the numeric keypad. This sets the button up for ‘MIDI CC (On/Off) mode’, as shown in Appendix E.

< Assign the OFF and ON value using Data 2 (for off value) and Data 3 (for on value) respectively, as described above.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key.

< Type in ‘148’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm. This sets the button up for ‘MIDI CC (On/Off) mode’, as shown in Appendix E.

< Assign the OFF and ON value using Data 2 (for off value) and Data 3 (for on value) respectively, as described above.

Section 3: Advanced Features

Page 27

3.8.2 Assigning MMC Messages To A Button

MIDI Machine Control messages are used by some devices and software to control transport functions such as Stop, Play and Record. The Transport controls on your Axiom keyboard default to MMC messages, however it is important to note, that not all MIDI devices or software applications respond to MMC messages. Even those that do support MMC often need to be set up manually to respond to these messages. Please consult the documentation relating to your device to check this. The MMC message format is a Sys Ex message, using a single byte to deﬁne the message type. The table below lists the currently deﬁned MMC messages:

Number MMC Command

01 STOP

02 PLAY

03 DEFERRED PLAY

04 FAST FORWARD

05 REWIND

06 RECORD STROBE

07 RECORD EXIT

08 RECORD PAUSE

09 PAUSE

10 EJECT

11 CHASE

12 COMMAND ERROR RESET

13 MMC RESET

To assign the desired MMC message to an assignable button, pad or sustain pedal:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< Type in ‘149’ using the numeric keypad. This is the number that corresponds to the MMC instruction (Appendix E).

< Press the Chan. Assign button.

< Type in ‘127’, using the numeric keypad. This sets the device ID for the Sys Ex message to 127. (Please see section 3.6.7.2 for more

information on Device ID’s.)

< Press the Data 2 button.

< Enter a number from the table above to select the message type.

< Press Enter to conﬁrm.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key.

< Type in ‘149’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm.

< Press the Advanced button again.

< Press the Chan. Assign key.

< Type in ‘127’ using the numeric data entry keys.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm. This sets the device ID for the Sys Ex message to 127. (Please see section 3.6.7.2 for more information

on Device ID’s.)

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Data 2 key.

< Enter a number from the table above to select message type.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm.

Section 3: Advanced Features

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Axiom Line User Guide

3.8.3 Assigning RPN/NRPN Messages To A Fader/Endless Dial

For a detailed description of RPN/NRPN data see section 5.2. The RPN messages that are deﬁned in the General MIDI speciﬁcation are preprogrammed and can be easily assigned to various controls on your Axiom in the same way as standard MIDI controllers are assigned. The RPN messages currently deﬁned occupy MIDI controllers 128 to 130, as shown in Appendix C.

To assign RPN numbers:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the Ctrl Assign button.

< Type in ‘132’ or ‘133’ using the numeric keypad, to send a course RPN adjustment (132), or ﬁne RPN adjustment (133) respectively.

< Use the Data 2 and Data 3 keys to enter the RPN LSB and MSB values.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the Ctrl Assign key.

< Type in ‘132’ or ‘133’ using the numeric keypad, to send a course RPN adjustment (132), or ﬁne RPN adjustment (133) respectively.

< Press the Enter key to conﬁrm.

< Press the Advanced button.

< Use the Data 2 and Data 3 keys to enter the RPN LSB and MSB values.

You will ﬁnd that most data sheets for those devices that make use of NRPN's give the MSB and LSB values that you should enter with Data

3 and Data 2 (see Appendix B for Roland/XG deﬁned NRPN messages). Some manuals however may only give you the hex values. The Axiom requires you to enter the decimal value. You can easily convert hexadecimal values to decimal using your computer’s calculator. Select scientiﬁc mode and select hex. Enter the hexadecimal value you need to convert. Press the Dec button on the calculator to convert it to a decimal value.

You can also use the table in Appendix H.

Section 3: Advanced Features

Page 29

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Axiom Line User Guide

Section 4: Usage Examples

4.1 MIDI Out From USB Function

MIDI Out from USB can be used to switch the source of the MIDI data seen at the MIDI Out port of your Axiom.

On initial power up, MIDI Out from USB mode is off. This means that as you play your Axiom, MIDI data will be generated at the MIDI Out port.

If you turn MIDI Out From USB mode on, playing your Axiom will no longer generate data at the MIDI Out port. The data is instead streamed from the computer. So, as long as you have selected your Axiom as the active output port in your computer’s sequencer, this is the data that will be seen at the MIDI Out port.

For example, if you want to control a sound module from your Axiom, you should turn MIDI Out from USB off. If you want the sound module to play data streamed from your computer however, then you should turn MIDI Out from USB on and ensure that the output port for your Axiom is selected as the computer’s MIDI output device (this is done in your computer software).

The following diagrams clarify the routing of MIDI data when MIDI out from USB mode is both off and when it is on:

MIDI Out from USB mode is off:

MIDI Out from USB mode is on:

To control MIDI out from USB mode:

49 and 61 note versions:

< Press the MIDI Out button.

< You see a MIDI plug symbol appear on the LCD display.

< To turn MIDI Out from USB mode back off, press again. When you do this, the MIDI plug symbol disappears.

25 note version:

< Press the Advanced button.

< Press the MIDI Out key.

< You see a MIDI plug symbol appear on the LCD display.

< To turn MIDI Out from USB mode back off, repeat these steps. When you do this, the MIDI plug symbol disappears.

Section 4: Usage Examples

Page 31

4.2 Recording Your Performance On A Sequencer

A sequencer records, stores and edits MIDI data. Although hardware sequencers also exist, we will focus on the more commonly used software sequencers in this manual. Examples of popular software sequencers are Pro ToolsTM, CubaseTM and LogicTM, although there are many different sequencing applications available for your computer.

In order to use the Axiom with your sequencer, you need to set up the sequencer software so that the Axiom is recognized as the sequencer’s MIDI input device.

You need to choose a MIDI output device that is capable of making sound when MIDI data is sent to it. This may be a soundcard on your computer, or a sound module connected to a MIDI port which is in turn connected to your computer. Please consult your sequencer’s user manual for more information on how this is done. Section 1.3.3, “Using The Axiom With Your software” details how the Axiom will appear in the device listing of your sequencer.

With the Axiom set-up to communicate with the sequencer, data will go into the sequencer, and straight back out of the sequencer to trigger the sounds on the computer’s soundcard or the external sound module you have selected as the output device.

You can then record and edit your performance on your sequencer.

4.3 Controlling A Sound Module From The Computer

By turning on MIDI Out from USB mode (section 4.1), the data coming in from the computer will go directly out of the MIDI Out port and trigger the sounds in the external sound module. This means that your Axiom is effectively acting as a USB to MIDI interface. In order to channel MIDI data from the computer to the MIDI Out port, you should set the MIDI Output device on your computer to be the Axiom.

Alternatively, you may want to merge the MIDI data from your Axiom with the data from the computer. This would allow you to play and record to a sequencer, and play back the entire performance on a sound module connected to the MIDI Out port of your Axiom. To do this:

< Set MIDI Out from USB mode on (section 4.1).

< Select the Axiom as the MIDI Input device in your sequencer.

Section 4: Usage Examples

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Axiom Line User Guide

Section 5: MIDI Messages Explained

5.1 Program & Bank Changes Explained

The original GM MIDI Speciﬁcation was designed to access only 128 different sounds (a lot at the time) using Program Change messages (0-127).

Later on, in order to access the expanded set of sounds used in General MIDI (GM), Bank Change messages were added to the speciﬁcation. Within each bank there are a possible 128 different sound patches that can be accessed using the standard Program Change command. Using the expanded 14-bit Bank Change command, there are now 16,384 banks available – each with 128 sounds patches. Technically speaking, the ﬁrst 7 bits of the 14-bit Bank Change message are sent in a single byte known as the Bank LSB. The last 7 bits deﬁne another byte known as the Bank MSB. The BANK LSB is the most commonly used. This allows for 128 bank changes, and often there is no need to send a Bank MSB.

You will ﬁnd almost all MIDI devices respond to Program Change commands and many are organized according to the GM listing. In all General MIDI devices, the different sounds are always organized in the same way from device to device, so the piano sounds are in their particular place, the string sounds are in their place, the drum sounds and so on. All GM devices (both hardware and software sound modules) are clearly labeled as such, so you know that their sounds are organized in the General MIDI structure. So when a GM device receives a MIDI Program Change, it calls up a type of sound that you expect from the GM sound set. All non-GM devices call up unique sounds from their memory upon receiving MIDI Program Changes. Since the sounds in a non-GM device are not preset to a particular order, you need to take a look at the device itself to see which sound you want and at which location in the memory that it lies. Many VST instruments such as Native Instruments’ FM7 or the synth modules in Reason are non-GM devices.

Bank Change messages are useful when calling up sounds from a large library that may exist in a particular sound module or software synth. For example devices that are built with Roland's GS speciﬁcation or Yamaha's XG speciﬁcation require you to specify a Bank Change in order to access the extra voices and effects that these devices provide.

Sending Program, Bank LSB and Bank MSB data is made simple using the Axiom. Simply press the Edit button, followed by the Program, Data LSB or Data MSB key and enter the program or bank change you wish to send.

5.2 RPN/NRPN’s Explained

Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN's) are device speciﬁc messages that enable you to control synths and sound modules via MIDI. The MIDI speciﬁcation deﬁnes open parameter numbers to allow manufacturers to specify their own controllers. The more common of these are registered by the MIDI Manufacturer's Association and are now part of the MIDI speciﬁcation (hence the term Registered Parameter Numbers – RPN's). (See Appendix F.)

MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively, while 100 and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB (see the MIDI controllers list in Appendix D). To transmit an NRPN/RPN, these two controller messages are sent along with their user-speciﬁed values. A further controller message and value needs to be sent to specify the (coarse or ﬁne) value adjustment. This is speciﬁed by controller number 6 (Data entry) for coarse adjustments or number 38 for ﬁne adjustments.

A list of NRPN's is always given in the user’s manual of any device that receives NRPN messages. It is always necessary that the NRPN MSB and LSB be sent together. Both will be speciﬁed in the device's manual. You may ﬁnd the manufacturers have speciﬁed the numbers in hexadecimal format only. In this case, use Appendix C to translate the value to Decimal.

Your Axiom keyboard makes the process of transmitting NRPN's easy. All you need is to enter the desired NRPN LSB by pressing the LSB/Data button twice, enter the NRPN MSB by pressing the MSB/Data button twice, and as you move the controller, the selected NRPN message is sent out. Assign NRPN coarse to make big sweeps, or NRPN ﬁne to make slight adjustments.

Section 5: MIDI Messages Explained

Page 33

5.3 SysEx Explained

System Exclusive (SysEx) messages were deﬁned in the MIDI speciﬁcation to allow individual devices to have individual control via MIDI. The format of SysEx messages allows for virtually any function to be performed via MIDI – so long as the receiving device is able to translate the message, and act accordingly. This allows devices to send audio sample memory data, memory dumps, controller settings, and much more. It also allows the controllers of one device to be controlled by another.

It is not possible to program your own speciﬁed SysEx message into the Axiom. However, there are some useful SysEx messages pre-programmed into the keyboard that can be accessed by assigning the appropriate MIDI CC to a controller (see Appendix B).

It should be noted that a SysEx message is not transmitted on any speciﬁed channel. All SysEx messages contain a device ID that is used to identify which of the connected devices should respond to the SysEx message. All other devices are ignored. If you are using a SysEx message on the Axiom, the global channel is ignored. When you press the Chan key, instead of entering a channel for the controller, you will be entering a device ID instead. This is indicated by the fact that the LED displays a 3-digit number, not a 2-digit number proceeded by a ‘c’.

Device ID’s values range from 00 to 127. 127 is the default device number setting on the Axiom. This setting transmits the SysEx message to all devices.

Although it is not possible to program the controllers of the Axiom with your own SysEx messages, there are software applications that can receive a MIDI input signal and transmit a different, user speciﬁed message. You can program your SysEx messages into the translator software, then translate the incoming data from the keyboard to your SysEx, depending on the controller you are using.

And ﬁnally...

If you are still having trouble with any of the features on the Axiom, please consult the following Troubleshooting Guide, which answers some frequently asked questions. If you are still not able to ﬁnd the answer you are looking for, please feel free to contact M-Audio technical support for further assistance. Support details are given following the Troubleshooting Guide below.

Section 5: MIDI Messages Explained

Page 34

Axiom Line User Guide

Section 6: Troubleshooting

The Axiom has been designed to give you high performance MIDI control. It has been tested under a wide range of systems and operating conditions. However, there are virtually limitless numbers of operating scenarios, any of which may affect your system’s performance. Though this section cannot cover all possible situations you may encounter, we would like to offer some suggestions for dealing with common problems.

If you are connecting to a computer, we recommend that you avoid connecting too many devices to your computer at the same time. The more devices you have connected to the computer, the greater the load on the computer’s CPU. Although it is possible in theory to chain multiple USB devices together, doing so may degrade your system’s performance.

My Axiom suddenly stopped working after having performed well since installation on a computer.

< Switch off the unit and leave it off for 10 seconds. Then restart your computer, power up your Axiom and try again. If the problem persists,

you may have to reinstall the drivers for the unit. The latest drivers are available at http://www.m-audio.com.

I have plugged in a Sustain pedal to my Axiom, but it works backwards.

< The polarity of the Sustain pedal is calculated by the Axiom when it is powered up. On power up, the Sustain pedal is assumed to be in

the off position. So, if you want the Sustain pedal to be off when it is not depressed, make sure not to press the pedal when you power up. To reverse the pedal polarity, just press and hold the pedal when you power up. Note: this will have to be done each time you power up the Axiom.

I have connected the Axiom to my computer. When I press a key, there is a delay before I hear any sound.

< This delay is known as latency. Latency with MIDI signals is caused at the computer and is not coming from the Axiom. This may be due

to the CPU load of the soft-synth you are using. MIDI data is simply control data. MIDI data is read by the soft-synth; the soft-synth then completes a large number of complex calculations in order to produce the sound you hear and all this processing activity takes time. If you already have adjusted the appropriate parameters relating to latency on your sound card, try re-installing the latest drivers for the sound card, or try reducing the buffer sizes of the sound card. If you are using a host application, check its buffer size settings as most applications allow for user adjustment to improve timing.

< If you feel that you may need to upgrade your sound card, please visit http://www.m-audio.com.

Technical Info

Caution: Electro Static Discharge, Electrical Fast Transient and Conducted RF interference may cause the unit malfunctioning. In such case, unplug the unit and plug it in again to restore normal operation.

Note: Your M-Audio product has been tested to comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. Modiﬁcations not authorized by the manufacturer may void users authority to operate this device.

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

< Re-orient or relocate the receiving antenna.

< Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

< Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

< Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ TV technician for help.

ASIO is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH.

VST is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH

Warranty Terms and Registration

Warranty Terms

M-Audio warrants products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship, under normal use and provided that the product is owned by the original, registered user. Visit www.m-audio.com/warranty for terms and limitations applying to your speciﬁc product.

Warranty Registration

Thank you for registering your new M-Audio product. Doing so immediately both entitles you to full warranty coverage and helps M-Audio develop and manufacture the ﬁnest quality products available. Register online at www.m-audio.com/register to receive FREE product updates.

Section 6: Troubleshooting

Axiom Line

Tested to comply with FCC standards

FOR HOME OR STUDIO USE

Page 35

Contact Information

If you have any questions, comments or suggestions about this or any M-Audio product, we invite you to contact us by using the following information:

M-Audio USA 5795 Martin Rd., Irwindale, CA 91706

M-Audio Germany Kuhallmand 34, D-74613 Ohringen, Germany

Technical Support

tel (pro products): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (626) 633-9055

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tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+49 (0)7941 - 9870030

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 98 70070

Sales

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .info@m-audio.de

tel: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 98 7000

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 98 70070

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.m-audio.de

M-Audio U.K. Floor 6, Gresham House, 53 Clarenden Road, Watford WD17 1LA, United Kingdom

M-Audio Canda 1400 St-Jean Baptiste Ave. #150, Quebec City, Quebec G2E 5B7, Canada

Technical Support

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . support@maudio.co.uk

tel:(Mac support): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1765 650072

tel: (PC support): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+44 (0)1309 671301

Sales

tel: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1923 204010

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1923 204039

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.maudio.co.uk

Technical Support

phone (PC support): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (418) 872-0444

phone (MAC support): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (418) 872-0444

fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : (418) 872-0034

Sales

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . infocanada@m-audio.com

phone: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(866) 872-0444

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (514) 396-7102

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.m-audio.ca

M-Audio France Floor 6, Gresham House, 53 Clarenden Road, Watford WD17 1LA, United Kingdom

M-Audio Latin America 5795 Martin Rd. Irwindale, CA 91706 USA

Technical Support

e-mail (PC support): . . . . . . . . . . support@m-audio-france.com

e-mail (Mac support): . . . . . . . . . . . mac@m-audio-france.com

tel (PC support): . . . . . . . . .0820 000 731 (0,12 Euros par minute)

tel (Mac support): . . . . . . . . 0820 391 191 (0,12 Euros par minute)

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01 72 72 90 52

Sales

tel: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0810 001 105 (Numero Azur)

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .info@m-audio-france.com

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01 72 72 90 52

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.m-audio-france.com/

Technical Support

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . glozada@m-audio.com

phone: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (52 871) 747 90 25

Sales

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cadams@m-audio.com

phone: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (949) 766-7589

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(949) 766-7590

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.m-audio.com

M-AudioJapan

アビッドテクノロジー株式会社 | エムオーディオ事業部〒 460-0002愛知県名古屋市中区丸の内 2-18-10 2-18-10Marunouchi Naka-Ku,Nagoya460-0002 Japan

カスタマーサポート(技術的なお問い合わせ)

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .win-support@m-audio.co.jp

e-mail(Macintosh環境専用):

. . . . . . mac-support@m-audio.co.jp

tel: . . . . . . . . . 052-218-0859(10:00~12:00/13:00~17:00)

セールスに関するお問い合わせ

(技術的なお問い合わせはご遠慮下さい)

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . info@m-audio.co.jp

tel: . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-3375(9:30~12:00/13:00~18:00)

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-0875

プレス/メディアに関するお問い合わせ

(技術的なお問い合わせはご遠慮下さい)

e-mail: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . suppot@m-audio.co.jp

tel: . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-3375(9:30~12:00/13:00~18:00)

fax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-0875

web: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . http://www.m-audio.co.jp

Contact Information

Page 36

Axiom Line User Guide

Appendices

Appendix A - MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART

Function Transmitted Received Remarks

Basic :Default

Channel:Changed 1-16

1-16 X

:Default

Mode :Messages

:Altered ---------

********* X

Note

Number:True Voice

0-127

********* X

Velocity: Note ON

: Note OFF 0

X X

After : Keys

Touch :Ch’s

0 X

Pitch Bend 0 X

Control 0-119

Change 0 X

120-127 0 X

Program

Change:True Number

0-127

********* X

System Exclusive GM, GM2, MMC Memory Dump

Song Position

Common:Song Select

System :Clock

Exclusive:Commands X

X X

Aux :Local ON/OFF

Messages :All Notes OFF

:Active Sense

:Reset 0

0 X

Notes: 0 = YES X=NO

Appendices

Page 37

Appendix B – Useful MIDI Data Tables

B1 - General MIDI Instruments – Program Change Numbers.

Piano Bass Reed Synth Effects

0 Acoustic Grand Piano

1 Bright Acoustic Piano

2 Electric grand Piano

3 Honky Tonk Piano

4 Electric Piano 1

5 Electric Piano 2

6 Harpsichord

7 Clavinet

32 Acoustic Bass

33 Fingered Bass

34 Electric Picked Bass

35 Fretless Bass

36 Slap Bass 1

37 Slap Bass 2

38 Syn Bass 1

39 Syn Bass 2

64 Soprano Sax

65 Alto Sax

66 Tenor Sax

67 Baritone Sax

68 Oboe

69 English Horn

70 Bassoon

71 Clarinet

96 SFX Rain

97 SFX Soundtrack

98 SFX Crystal

99 SFX Atmosphere

100 SFX Brightness

101 SFX Goblins

102 SFX Echoes

103 SFX Sci-Fi

Chromatic Percussion Strings/Orchestra Pipe Ethnic

8 Celesta

9 Glockenspiel

10 Music Box

11 Vibraphone

12 Marimba

13 Xylophone

14 Tubular bells

15 Dulcimer

40 Violin

41 Viola

42 Cello

43 Contrabass

44 Tremolo Strings

45 Pizzicato Strings

46 Orchestral Harp

47 Timpani

72 Piccolo

73 Flute

74 Recorder

75 Pan Flute

76 Bottle Blow

77 Shakuhachi

78 Whistle

79 Ocarina

104 Sitar

105 Banjo

106 Shamisen

107 Koto

108 Kalimba

109 Bag Pipe

110 Fiddle

111 Shanai

Organ Ensemble Synth Lead Percussive

16 Drawbar Organ

17 Percussive Organ

18 Rock Organ

19 Church Organ

20 Reed Organ

21 Accordion

22 Harmonica

23 Tango Accordion

48 String Ensemble 1

49 String Ensemble 2

50 Syn Strings 1

51 Syn Strings 2

52 Choir Aahs

53 Voice Oohs

54 Syn Choir

55 Orchestral Hit

80 Syn Square Wave

81 Syn Sawtooth Wave

82 Syn Calliope

83 Syn Chiff

84 Syn Charang

85 Syn Voice

86 Syn Sawtooth Wave

87 Syn Brass & Lead

2 Tinkle Bell

113 Agogo

114 Steel Drums

115 Woodblock

116 Taiko Drum

117 Melodic Tom

118 Syn Drum

119 Reverse Cymbal

Guitar Brass Synth Pad Sound Effects

24 Nylon Acoustic

25 Steel Acoustic

26 Jazz Electric

27 Clean Electric

28 Muted Electric

29 Overdrive

30 Distorted

31 Harmonics

56 Trumpet

57 Trombone

58 Tuba

59 Muted Trumpet

60 French Horn

61 Brass Section

61 Syn Brass 1

62 Syn Brass 2

88 New Age Syn Pad

89 Warm Syn Pad

90 Polysynth Syn Pad

91 Choir Syn Pad

92 Bowed Syn Pad

93 Metal Syn Pad

94 Halo Syn Pad

95 Sweep Syn Pad

120 Guitar Fret Noise

121 Breath Noise

122 Seashore

123 Bird Tweet

124 Telephone Ring

125 Helicopter

126 Applause

127 Gun Shot

B2 - General MIDI Note Numbers

Octave (n) Note Numbers

Cn C#n Dn D#n En Fn F#n Gn G#n An A#n Bn

-1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83

84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107

108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119

120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127

Appendices

Page 38

Axiom Line User Guide

B3 - Roland GS And Yamaha XG NRPN Messages

NRPN NRPN Data Data

MSB LSB MSB LSB

CC99 CC98 CC06 CC38

01 08 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Rate (relative change)

01 09 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Depth (relative change)

01 0A 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Delay (relative change)

01 20 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Cutoff Freq. (relative change)

01 21 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Resonance (relative change)

01 63 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Attack Time (relative change)

01 64 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Decay Time (relative change)

01 66 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Release Time (relative change)

14 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Cutoff Freq. (relative change)*

15 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Resonance (relative change)*

16 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Attack Rate (relative change)*

17 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Decay Rate (relative change)*

18 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Coarse (relative change)

19 00-7F 00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Fine (relative change)*

1A 00-7F 00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Level (absolute change)

1C 00-7F 00-7F n/a (Random, L>C>R) Drum Instrument Panpot (absolute change)

1D 00-7F 00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Reverb Send Level (absolute change)

1E 00-7F 00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Chorus Send Level (absolute change)

1F 00-7F 00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Variation Send Level (absolute change)**

* added by Yamaha XG; % changed from Delay to Variation by Yamaha XG

General MIDI Reverb and Chorus Types

B4 - GM2 Reverb Types

0: Small Room

1: Medium Room

2: Large Room

3: Medium Hall

4: Large Hall

8: Plate

B5 - GM2 Chorus Types

0: Chorus 1

1: Chorus 2

2: Chorus 3

3: Chorus 4

4: FB Chorus

5: Flanger

Appendices

Page 39

Appendix C - General MIDI Controller Numbers (MIDI CC's)

00 Bank Select 50 Gen Purpose 3 LSB 100 Reg Param LSB

01 Modulation 51 Gen Purpose 4 LSB 101 Reg Param MSB

02 Breath Control 52 Controller 52 102 Controller 102

03 Controller 3 53 Controller 53 103 Controller 103

04 Foot Control 54 Controller 54 104 Controller 104

05 Porta Time 55 Controller 55 105 Controller 105

06 Data Entry 56 Controller 56 106 Controller 106

07 Channel Volume 57 Controller 57 107 Controller 107

08 Balance 58 Controller 58 108 Controller 108

09 Controller 9 59 Controller 59 109 Controller 109

10 Pan 60 Controller 60 110 Controller 110

11 Expression 61 Controller 61 111 Controller 111

12 Effects Controller 1 62 Controller 62 112 Controller 112

13 Effects Controller 2 63 Controller 63 113 Controller 113

14 Controller 14 64 Sustain Pedal 114 Controller 114

15 Controller 15 65 Portamento 115 Controller 115

16 Gen Purpose 1 66 Sostenuto 116 Controller 116

17 Gen Purpose 2 67 Soft Pedal 117 Controller 117

18 Gen Purpose 3 68 Legato Pedal 118 Controller 118

19 Gen Purpose 4 69 Hold 2 119 Controller 119

20 Controller 20 70 Sound Variation

21 Controller 21 71 Resonance

Channel Mode Messages

22 Controller 22 72 Release Time 120 All Sound off

23 Controller 23 73 Attack Time 121 Reset all Controllers

24 Controller 24 74 Cut-off Frequency 122 Local Control

25 Controller 25 75 Controller 75 123 All Notes Off

26 Controller 26 76 Controller 76 124 Omni Off

27 Controller 27 77 Controller 77 125 Omni On

28 Controller 28 78 Controller 78 126 Mono On (Poly Off)

29 Controller 29 79 Controller 79 127 Poly On (Mono Off)

30 Controller 30 80 Gen Purpose 5

31 Controller 31 81 Gen Purpose 6

Additional Messages

32 Bank Select LSB 82 Gen Purpose 7

128 Pitch Bend sensitivity

33 Modulation LSB 83 Gen Purpose 8 129 Fine Tune

34 Breath Control LSB 84 Portamento Control 130 Coarse Tune

35 Controller 35 85 Controller 85

131 Channel Pressure

36 Foot Control LSB 86 Controller 86

37 Porta Time LSB 87 Controller 87

38 Data Entry LSB 88 Controller 88

39 Channel Volume LSB 89 Controller 89

40 Balance LSB 90 Controller 90

41 Controller 41 91 Reverb Depth

42 Pan LSB 92 Tremelo Depth

43 Expression LSB 93 Chorus Depth

44 Controller 44 94 Celeste (De-tune)

45 Controller 45 95 Phaser Depth

46 Controller 46 96 Data Increment

47 Controller 47 97 Data Decrement

48 Gen Purpose 1 LSB 98 Non-Reg Param LSB

49 Gen Purpose 2 LSB 99 Non-Reg Param MSB

Appendices

Page 40

Axiom Line User Guide

Appendix D – Assignable Controller Numbers To Linear Controllers

This table applies to the following controls on your Axiom:

< Sliders

< After-touch strip

< Pitch bend wheel

< Modulation wheel

< Expression pedal

MIDI CC Description Data 1 Data 2 Data 3

0-119 Standard MIDI CC's - MIN MAX

120-127 Channel Mode Messages - MIN MAX

128 Pitch Bend Sensitivity - - -

129 Channel Fine Tune - - -

130 Channel Coarse Tune - - -

131 Channel Pressure - - -

132 RPN coarse - RPN LSB RPN MSB

133 RPN ﬁne - RPN LSB RPN MSB

134 NRPN coarse - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

135 NRPN ﬁne - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

136 Master Volume GM* - - -

137 Master Pan GM* - - -

138 Master Coarse Tune GM* - - -

139 Master Fine Tune GM* - - -

140 Chorus Mod rate GM2* - - -

141 Chorus Mod Depth GM2* - - -

142 Feedback GM2* - - -

143 Send to Reverb GM2* - - -

144 Pitch Bend - - -

255 Controller Off*** - - -

* Sys Ex messages - for details please see section 3.6.7.2.

** MMC Sys Ex messages, for details please see section 3.8.2..

*** This value cannot be typed in using the numeric keypad. Type in 0 and then press the ‘-‘ button to set this value.

Appendices

Page 41

Appendix E – Assignable Controller Numbers To Non-Linear Controllers

This table applies to the following controls on your Axiom:

< Assignable buttons

< Transport controls

< Sustain pedal

MIDI CC Description Data 1 Data 2 Data 3

0-119 Standard MIDI CC's - Toggle Value 2 Toggle Value 1

120-127 Channel Mode Messages - Toggle Value 2 Toggle Value 1

128 Pitch Bend Range - Sensitivity value -

129 Channel Fine Tune - Tuning amount -

130 Channel Coarse Tune - Tuning amount -

131 Channel Pressure - Pressure amount -

132 RPN Coarse Value RPN LSB RPN MSB

133 RPN Fine Value RPN LSB RPN MSB

134 NRPN Coarse Value NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

135 NRPN Fine Value NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

136 Master Volume GM* - Volume LSB Volume MSB

137 Master Pan GM* - Pan LSB Pan MSB

138 Master Coarse Tune GM* - Tuning LSB Tuning MSB

139 Master Fine Tune GM* - Tuning LSB Tuning MSB

140 Chorus Mod rate GM2* - Mod rate -

141 Chorus Mod Depth GM2* - Mod depth -

142 Feedback GM2* - Feedback level -

143 Send to Reverb GM2* - Reverb send level -

144 Pitch Bend - Pitch shift LSB Pitch shift MSB

145 Program/Bank Preset Bank LSB Bank MSB

146 MIDI CC (on/off) MIDI CC Button press value Button release value

147 Note (on/off) Note Velocity off Velocity on

148 Note (on/off toggle) Note Velocity off Velocity on

149 MMC Command** - Command select. -

150 Reverb type GM2 * - Type -

151 Reverb time GM2 * - Time -

152 Chorus type GM2* - Type -

153 MIDI CC Decrement MIDI CC Start value End value

154 MIDI CC Increment MIDI CC Start value End value

155 Program decrement - Start value End value

156 Program increment - Start value End value

255 Controller Off*** - - -

* Sys Ex messages - for details please see section 3.6.7.2.

** MMC Sys Ex messages, for details please see section 3.8.2.

*** This value cannot be typed in using the numeric keypad. Type in 0 and then press the ‘-‘ button to set this value.

Appendices

Page 42

Axiom Line User Guide

Appendix F – Assignable Controller Numbers To Rotary Encoders

This table only applies to the Rotary encoders on your Axiom

MIDI CC Description Data 1 Data 2 Data 3

0-119 Standard MIDI CC's - MIN MAX

120-127 Channel Mode Messages - MIN MAX

128 Pitch Bend Sensitivity - - -

129 Channel Fine Tune - - -

130 Channel Coarse Tune - - -

131 Channel Pressure - - -

132 RPN coarse - RPN LSB RPN MSB

133 RPN ﬁne - RPN LSB RPN MSB

134 NRPN coarse - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

135 NRPN ﬁne - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

136 Master Volume GM* - - -

137 Master Pan GM* - - -

138 Master Coarse Tune GM* - - -

139 Master Fine Tune GM* - - -

140 Chorus Mod rate GM2* - - -

141 Chorus Mod Depth GM2* - - -

142 Feedback GM2* - - -

143 Send to Reverb GM2* - - -

144 Pitch Bend - - -

145 Program Change increment/decrement - MIN MAX

146 2’s comp from 64 / Relative (binary offset) - MIDI CC -

147 2’s comp from 0 / Relative (2’s comp) - MIDI CC -

148 Sign Magnitude / Relative (signed bit) - MIDI CC -

149 Sign Magnitude / Relative (signed bit 2) - MIDI CC -

150 Single Value increment/decrement - MIDI CC -

151 RPN increment/decrement message - RPN LSB RPN MSB

152 NRPN increment/decrement message NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

255 Controller Off*** - - -

* Sys Ex messages - for details please see section 3.6.7.2.

** MMC Sys Ex messages, for details please see section 3.8.2.

*** This value cannot be typed in using the numeric keypad. Type in 0 and then press the ‘-‘ button to set this value.

Appendices

Page 43

Appendix G – Assignable Controller Numbers To Trigger Pads

This table only applies to the pressure Pads on your Axiom

MIDI CC Description Data 1 Data 2 Data 3

0-119 Standard MIDI CC's - MIN MAX

120-127 Channel Mode Messages - MIN MAX

128 Pitch Bend Range - - -

129 Channel Fine Tune - - -

130 Channel Coarse Tune - - -

131 Channel Pressure - - -

132 RPN Coarse - RPN LSB RPN MSB

133 RPN Fine - RPN LSB RPN MSB

134 NRPN Coarse - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

135 NRPN Fine - NRPN LSB NRPN MSB

136 Master Volume GM* - - -

137 Master Pan GM* - - -

138 Master Coarse Tune GM* - - -

139 Master Fine Tune GM* - - -

140 Chorus Mod rate GM2* - - -

141 Chorus Mod Depth GM2* - - -

142 Feedback GM2* - - -

143 Send to Reverb GM2* - - -

144 Pitch Bend - - -

145 Program Change - Program -

146 MIDI CC (on/off) - MIDI CC On Value (Off value is 0)

147 Note (on/off) - Note Locked Velocity

148 Note (on/off toggle) - Note Locked Velocity

149 MMC Command** - - -

150 Reverb type GM2 * - - -

151 Reverb time GM2 * - - -

152 Chorus type GM2* - - -

153 MIDI CC Decrement - MIDI CC End value

154 MIDI CC Increment - MIDI CC End value

155 Program decrement - Start value End value

156 Program increment - Start value End value

255 Controller Off*** - - -

* Sys Ex messages - for details please see section 3.6.7.2.

** MMC Sys Ex messages, for details please see section 3.8.2.

*** This value cannot be typed in using the numeric keypad. Type in 0 and then press the ‘-‘ button to set this value.

Appendices

Page 44

Axiom Line User Guide

Appendix H - Hexadecimal Conversion Chart

He xadec imal value

D e c i m a l Value

He xad eci ma l Value

D ec i m a l Value

He x ade cim al value

D e c i m a l Value

0 0 2B 43 56 86

1 1 2C 44 57 87

2 2 2D 45 58 88

3 3 2E 46 59 89

4 4 2F 47 5A 90

5 5 30 48 5B 91

6 6 31 49 5C 92

7 7 32 50 5D 93

8 8 33 51 5E 94

9 9 34 52 5F 95

0A 10 35 53 60 96

0B 11 36 54 61 97

0C 12 37 55 62 98

0D 13 38 56 63 99

0E 14 39 57 64 100

0F 15 3A 58 65 101

10 16 3B 59 66 102

11 17 3C 60 67 103

12 18 3D 61 68 104

13 19 3E 62 69 105

14 20 3F 63 6A 106

15 21 40 64 6B 107

16 22 41 65 6C 108

17 23 42 66 6D 109

18 24 43 67 6E 110

19 25 44 68 6F 111

1A 26 45 69 70 112

1B 27 46 70 71 113

1C 28 47 71 72 114

1D 29 48 72 73 115

1E 30 49 73 74 116

1F 31 4A 74 75 117

20 32 4B 75 76 118

21 33 4C 76 77 119

22 34 4D 77 78 120

23 35 4E 78 79 121

24 36 4F 79 7A 122

25 37 50 80 7B 123

26 38 51 81 7C 124

27 39 52 82 7D 125

28 40 53 83 7E 126

29 41 54 84 7F 127

2A 42 55 85

Appendices

Page 45

051020_Axiom_UG-01