This publication contains the installation, operation
and maintenance instructions for standard units of the
VA/AVA/AF- Vane Axial Inline Blowers.
• VAD/VAB/VAHB• AVAD/AVAB
• AFB-C/AFBV-C• AFB-H/AFBV-H
• AFB-S/AFBV-S• AFD-C/AFDV-C
Carefully read this publication prior to any installation or maintenance procedure.
Loren Cook catalog, VA/AVA/AF, provides additional information describing the equipment, fan performance, available accessories, and specification data.
For additional safety information, refer to AMCA publication 410-96, Safety Practices for Users and Installers ofIndustrial and Commercial Fans.
All of the publications listed above can be obtained from
Loren Cook Company by phoning (417) 869-6474, extension 166; by FAX at (417) 832-9431; or by e-mail at
info@lorencook.com.
For information on special equipment, contact Loren
Cook Company Customer Service Department at (417)
869-6474.
Receiving and Inspection
Carefully inspect the fan and accessories for any damage
and shortage immediately upon receipt of the fan.
• Turn the prop by hand to ensure it turns freely and does
not bind.
• Record on the Delivery Receipt any visible sign of damage.
inhibiting oil. Refer to Lubricants on page 6. Also, store the
fan in its original crate and protect it from dust, debris and
the weather.
Outdoor Storage
To maintain good working condition of a Vane Axial when
it is stored outdoors, or on a construction site, follow the
additional steps below.
• Cover the inlet and outlet, and belt tunnel opening to prevent the accumulation of dirt and moisture in the housing.
• Periodically rotate the prop and operate dampers (if supplied) to keep a coating of grease on all internal bearing
parts.
• Periodically inspect the unit to prevent damaging conditions.
Personal Safety
Disconnect switches are recommended. Place the
disconnect switch near the fan in order that the
power can be swiftly cut off in case of an emergency,
and in order that maintenance personnel are
provided complete control of the power source.
Installation
To prevent damage to the fan during shipping, motors 25
HP and larger, and extremely heavy motors (cast iron or
severe duty) are shipped loose and must be field mounted
by bolting the motor on the motor mounting plate in the
existing mounting slots.
Handling
Handle your equipment with care. Some fans are provided with lifting lugs or holes for easy handling. Others
must be handled using nylon straps or well-padded chains
and cables which protect the fan’s coating and housing.
Spreader bars should be used when lifting large parts.
Axial fans should be lifted by using straps around the fan
housing only. DO NOT LIFT AXIAL FANS BY THE MOTOR,
MOTOR BASE, PROP OR FLANGES.
WARNING
This unit has rotating parts. Safety precautions
should be exercised at all times during installation,
operation, and maintenance.
ALWAYS disconnect power prior to working on fan.
Storage
If the fan is stored for any length of time prior to installa-
tion, completely fill the bearings with grease or moisture-
VAD
Page 2
Note
Extreme vibration is a serious problem that may
cause structural and mechanical failure. To help
vibration and noise from being transferred to the
building, isolators are recommended.
Isolation Installation
Floor Mounted Spring Isolators
a. Mount fan and motor on unitary base (if supplied).
b. Elevate fan (or isolation base) to operating height and
insert blocks to hold in position.
c. Position isolators under the fan and vertically align by
inserting leveling bolt through mounting holes in the fan or
the base. The isolator must be installed on a level surface.
d. Adjust the isolators by turning the leveling nut counter
clockwise several turns at a time alternately on each isolator until the fan weight is transferred onto the isolators and
the fan raises uniformly off the blocks. Then remove the
blocks.
e. Turn lock nut onto leveling bolt and secure firmly in place
against the top of the mounting flange or frame.
f. Secure isolators to mounting surface.
Ceiling Mounted Spring Isolator
Figure 2 - Ceiling Mount Isolators
Rubber-In-Shear Ceiling Isolators
Duct Installation
Efficient fan performance relies on the proper installation of
inlet and discharge ducts. Be sure your fan conforms to the
guidelines below.
Non-Ducted Inlet Clearance
If your fan has an open inlet (no duct work), the fan must
be placed one fan wheel diameter away from walls and bulkheads.
MIN
1 DIA
Spring Isolator
Figure 1 -Floor Mount Isolators
Rubber-In-Shear Isolator
Floor Mounted Rubber-In-Shear (RIS) Isolators
a. Mount fan and motor on a unitary isolation base (if sup-
plied).
b. Elevate fan to provide room to insert isolators between the
fan and foundation and block in position.
c. Position isolators under fan and secure bolts.
d. Remove blocks and allow fan to rest on floor. Isolators
must be installed on a level surface (leveling should not be
required).
e. Secure isolators to mounting surface.
Ceiling Mounted Spring and Rubber-in-Shear (RIS) Isolators
a. Elevate fan to operating height and brace.
b. Attach threaded rod to overhead support structure directly
above each mounting hole. Rod should extend to within a
few feet of fan.
c. Attach isolator to end of threaded rod using a nut on each
side of isolator bracket.
d. Insert another section of threaded rod through the fan
mounting hole and isolator.
e. Attach two nuts to threaded rod in isolator.
f. Place adjusting nut and locking nut on threaded rod near
fan mounting bracket.
g. Alternately rotate adjusting nut at each mounting location
until the fan weight is uniformly transferred to the isolators.
Remove bracing.
Non-ducted Inlet Clearance
Incorrect
Fan
Inlet Bell
Air Flow
Min
1 Dia.
Correct
Fan
Inlet Bell
Air Flow
Inlet Bell
Free Discharge
Avoid a free discharge into the plenum. This will result in
lost efficiency because it doesn’t allow for a static regain.
Incorrect
Fan
Inlet Bell
Air Flow
Min
1 Dia.
Correct
Fan
Inlet Bell
Air Flow
Free Discharge
Inlet Duct Turns
For ducted inlets, allow at least 3 fan wheel diameters
between duct turns or elbows and the fan inlet.
Correct
Min 3
Dia
Incorrect
Inlet Duct Turns
2
Page 3
Discharge Duct Turns
1 foot
1/4 inch
When possible, allow 3 duct diameters between duct
turns or elbows and the fan outlet. Refer to the drawings at
the top of page 3.
Correct
MIN
3 DIA
Incorrect
Correct
IncorrectIncorrect
Incorrect
Discharge Duct Turns
CorrectIncorrect
Small
Duct
Diverging
Inlet
Cone
Air Flow
Fan
Inlet Cone
Large
Duct
Small
Duct
Inlet
Air Flow
Fan
Large
Duct
Belt and Pulley Installation
Belt tension is determined by the sound the belts make
when the fan is first started. Belts will produce a loud
squeal which dissipates after the fan is operating at full
capacity. If the belt tension is too tight or too loose, lost efficiency and possible damage can occur.
Do not change the pulley pitch diameter to change tension. This will result in a different fan speed.
a. Loosen motor plate adjustment bolts and move motor
plate in order that the belts can easily slip into the
grooves on the pulleys. Never pry, roll, or force the
belts over the rim of the pulley.
b. Adjust the motor plate until proper tension is reached.
For proper tension, a deflection of approximately 1/4”
per foot of center distance should be obtained by
firmly pressing the belt. Refer to Figure 3.
c. Lock the motor plate adjustment nuts in place.
d. Ensure pulleys are properly aligned. Refer to Figure 4.
Figure 4
Pulley Alignment
Pulley alignment is adjusted by loosening the motor pulley setscrew and by moving the motor pulley on the motor
shaft or by moving the entire motor along the motor mounting bracket.
Figure 4 illustrates correct and incorrect pulley alignment.
A recommended method of inspecting the pulley alignment
is shown in Figure 5. With the shorter leg of a carpenter’s
square or other straight edge lying along the case of the
motor, adjust the position of the motor pulley (or the motor
until the longer leg of the square is parallel to the belt.
Wiring Installation
All wiring should be in accordance with
local ordinances and the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. Ensure the power
supply (voltage, frequency, and current
carrying capacity of wires) is in accordance
with the motor nameplate.
Lock off all power sources before unit
is wired to power source.
Leave enough slack in the wiring to
allow for motor movement when adjusting belt tension.
Some fractional motors have to be removed in order to
make the connection with the terminal box at the end of the
motor. To remove motor, remove bolts securing motor base
to power assembly. Do not remove motor mounting bolts.
Follow the wiring diagram in the disconnect switch
and the wiring diagram provided with the motor. Correctly label the circuit on the main power box and
always identify a closed switch to promote safety (i.e.,
red tape over a closed switch).
Figure 5
Figure 3
3
Page 4
Wiring Diagrams
Single Speed, Single Phase Motor
Ground A
L
T-1
T-4
Ground B
When ground is required, attach to ground A or B with no. 6 thread forming
screw. To reverse, interchange T-1 and T-4.
1
Line
L
2
Wiring Diagrams
3 Phase, 9 Lead Motor
3 Phase, 9 Lead Motor
Y-Connection
Low Voltage
208/230 Volts
4
5
6
1
728
L2L
L
1
To reverse, interchange any 2 line leads.
High Voltage
460 Volts
456
3
9
3
789
12
L
1
L2L
3
3
3 Phase, 9 Lead Motor
Delta-Connection
Low Voltage
208/230 Volts
7
6
1
L
1
2 Speed, 2 Winding, Single Phase Motor2 Speed, 1 Winding, 3 Phase Motor
Ground A
T-1
T-4
Ground B
When ground required, attach to ground A or B with No. 6 thread forming
screw. To reverse, interchange T-1 and T-4 leads.
High Speed
L
1
L
2
Low Speed
Line
1
Together
2
Motor
3
L
4
5
6
1
L
2
Line
L
3
Motor
To reverse, interchange any 2 line leads. Motors require magnetic control.
Single Speed, Single Phase, Dual Voltage2 Speed, 2 Winding, 3 Phase
Ground A
L
T-5
J-10
Ground B
Link A
Link B
Low Voltage
Line
L
1
T-5
J-10
2
Ground B
When ground required, attach to ground A or B with No. 6 thread forming
screw. To reverse, interchange T-5 and J-10 leads.
Ground A
Link A & B
High Voltage
T
Low Speed
3
Low Speed
T
L
1
Line
L
2
Motor
T
T
T
T
2
1
11
12
13
Low Speed
High Speed
High Speed
High Speed
To reverse: High Speed-interchange leads T11 and T12.
Low Speed-interchange leads T
line leads.
and T2. Both Speeds-interchange any 2
1
Typical Fan Motor/Damper Motor Schematic
High Voltage
460 Volts
9
8
4
2
L3L
2
789
5
3
456
3
12
L1L
L
3
2
Low SpeedHigh Speed
L
1
1
L
2
3
Line
2
L
3
4
Open
5
6
L
1
L
2
Line
L
3
Fan
Motor
Transformer**
Damper
Motor*
Second
Damper
Motor
L3
L2
L1
Transformer**
For 3 phase, damper motor voltage should be the same between L1 and
L
. For single phase application, disregard L3. *Damper motors may be
2
available in 115, 230 and 460 volt models. The damper motor nameplate
voltage should be verified prior to connection. ** A transformer may be
provided in some installations to correct the damper motor voltage to the
specified voltage.
4
Page 5
Prop Concerns
Instructions for adjusting blade angle setting on adjust-
able pitch Vane Axial Inline Blowers (AVA).
Note: Verify that the fan at the new pitch does not
operate at a critical speed, (RPM), see page 7.
Warning: The maximum safe blade angle setting
for this fan is shown on the decal located inside the
hub cover.
a. Disconnect power supply.
b. Remove hub cover.
c. Placing a bubble protractor on the flat machined sur-
face on the discharge side of the hub, take an initial reading, when setting the blade to the desired angle, (no
greater than 40°) remember to allow for the angle at
which the fan is installed, as indicated by the is initial
reading.
d. Adjust each blade individually as follows (note that one
person should hold and adjust the blade while another
tightens the nuts).
e. Replace hub cover.
f. Reconnect power supply.
1. Place blade in 3 o’clock or 9 o’clock position.
2. Loosen retaining nut on blade bolt.
3. Postition bubble protractor on the face (discharge
side) of the blade at the indicated line. If the line is not
visible, position protractor on a line perpendicular to the
blade center line, and 30% of the wheel radius in from
the tip on 39”, 49”, 63” and 79” fans (22% On 35”, 44”,
55” and 71” fans).
4. Set blade to desired angle, correcting for angle of
installation.
5. Tighten nut so that blade is snug.
6. Recheck blade angle. If blade has shifted, tap blade
near hub with soft mallet to correct.
7. Tighten nut to tabulate torque:
Bolt Size
MinimumMaximum
5/8”40110
3/4”140190
7/8”265350
1”450550
Torque (Ft. Lbs.)
8. Rotate wheel to bring next blade into same position
and repeat steps 1-8 until all blades are adjusted.
AVA Critical Fan Speed (The AVA should not operate between the high and low RPM.)
Fan
Size
35
Fan RPM
Blade
Angle
Low HighLow HighLow HighLow HighLow HighLow HighLow HighLow High
Disconnect switches are recommended. Place the
disconnect switch near the fan in order that the
power can be swiftly cut off in case of an emergency,
and in order that maintenance personnel are
provided complete control of the power source.
Prop Rotation
Test the fan to ensure the rotation of the wheel is the
same as indicated by the arrow marked Rotation.
115 and 230 Single Phase Motors
Fan wheel rotation is set correctly at the factory. Changing the rotation of this type of motor should only be
attempted by a qualified electrician.
208, 230, and 460, 3 Phase Motors
These motors are electrically reversible by switching two
of the supply leads. For this reason, the rotation of the fan
cannot be restricted to one direction at the factory. See Wiring Diagrams for specific information on reversing wheel
direction.
Do not allow the fan to run in the wrong direction. This
will overheat the motor and cause serious damage. For
3-phase motors, if the fan is running in the wrong direction, check the control switch. It is possible to interchange two leads at this location so that the fan is
operating in the correct direction.
Rotation
VAB/VAHB
Prop SideProp SideProp Side
Rotation
AVAB
Rotation
AFB
Final Installation Steps
a. Inspect fasteners and setscrews, particularly fan
mounting and bearing fasteners, and tighten according
to the recommended torque shown in the table Rec-
ommended Torque for Setscrews/Bolts.
b. Inspect for correct voltage with voltmeter.
c. Ensure all accessories are installed.
Operation
Pre-Start Checks
a. Lock out all the primary and secondary power sources.
b. Ensure fasteners and setscrews, particularly those
used for mounting the fan, are tightened.
c. Inspect belt tension and pulley alignment.
d. Inspect motor wiring.
e. Ensure belt touches only the pulley.
f. Ensure fan and ductwork are clean and free of debris.
g. Inspect prop-to-inlet clearance. The correct prop-to-
inlet clearance is critical to proper fan performance.
h. Close and secure all access doors.
i. Restore power to the fan.
Start Up
Turn the fan on. In variable speed units, set the fan to its
lowest speed and inspect for the following:
• Direction of rotation.
• Excessive vibration.
• Unusual noise.
• Bearing noise.
• Improper belt alignment or tension (listen for squealing).
• Improper motor amperage or voltage.
Recommended Torque for Setscrews/Bolts
Setscrews
Size
No.103/32”28333/8”-16240
5/16”5/32”1261565/8”-111200
7/16”7/32”293487/8”-92040
Key Hex
Across
Flats
1/4”1/8”66801/2”-13600
3/8”3/16”2282753/4”-102100
1/2”1/4”42504
3/4”3/8”1201440
If a problem is discovered, immediately shut the fan
off. Lock out all electrical power and check for the
cause of the trouble. See Troubleshooting.
Recommended
Torque
Inch-lbs.
Min.Max.Size
Hold Down Bolts
--5/8”5/16”921104
Wrench
Torque
(inch-lbs)
Inspection
Inspection of the fan should be conducted at the first 30
minute, 8 hour and 24 hour intervals of satisfactory oper-
ation. During the inspections, stop the fan and inspect as
per the Conditions Chart.
30 Minute Interval
Inspect bolts, setscrews, and motor mounting bolts.
Adjust and tighten as necessary.
8 Hour Interval
Inspect belt alignment and tension. Adjust and tighten as
necessary.
24 Hour Interval
Inspect belt tension. Adjust and tighten as necessary.
Maintenance
Establish a schedule for inspecting all parts of the fan.
The frequency of inspection depends on the operating conditions and location of the fan.
Inspect fans exhausting corrosive or contaminated air
within the first month of operation. Fans exhausting contaminated air (airborne abrasives) should be inspected
every three months.
Regular inspections are recommended for fans exhausting non-contaminated air.
It is recommended the following inspection be conducted
twice per year.
• Inspect bolts and setscrews for tightness. Tighten as
necessary.
• Inspect belt wear and alignment. Replace worn belts
with new belts and adjust alignment as needed. Refer
to Belt and Pulley Installation, page 3.
• Bearings should be inspected as recommended in the
Conditions Chart on page 6.
6
Page 7
• Inspect springs and rubber isolators for deterioration
and replace as needed.
• Inspect for cleanliness. Clean exterior surfaces only.
Removing dust and grease on motor housing assures
proper motor cooling. Removing dirt from the wheel
and housing prevent imbalance and damage. housing
prevent imbalance and damage.
Lubricants
Loren Cook Company uses petroleum lubricant in a lithium base. Other types of grease should not be used unless
the bearings and lines have been flushed clean. If another
type of grease is used, it should be a lithium-based grease
conforming to NLGI grade 2 consistency.
A NLGI grade 2 grease is a light viscosity, low-torque,
rust-inhibiting lubricant that is water resistant. Its temperature range is from -30°F to +200°F and capable of intermittent highs of +250°F. For temperatures above 250°
Mobiltemp SHC 32 is recommended.
Motor Bearings
Motor bearings are pre-lubricated and sealed. Under
normal conditions they will not require further maintenance
for a period of ten years. However, it is advisable to have
your maintenance department remove and disassemble
the motor, and lubricate the bearings after three years of
operation in excessive heat and or in a contaminated airstream consisting of airborne abrasives.
Fan Bearings
Vane Axial bearings are lubricated through a grease fitting on the exterior of the fan housing and should be lubricated by the schedule, Conditions Chart.
Use no more than three injections with a hand-operated
grease gun.
Conditions Chart
RPMTemperature
100Up to 120°FClean6 to 12 months
500 Up to 150°FClean2 to 6 months
1000 Up to 210°FClean2 weeks to 2 months
1500 Over 210°FCleanWeekly
Any SpeedUp to 150°FDirty1 week to 1 month
Any SpeedOver 150°FDirtyDaily to 2 weeks
Any SpeedAny TemperatureVery DirtyDaily to 2 weeks
Any SpeedAny Temperature
Fan
Status
Extreme
Conditions
Greasing
Interval
Daily to 2 weeks
Motor Services
Should the motor prove defective within a one-year
period, contact your local Loren Cook representative or
your nearest authorized electric motor service representative.
Changing Shaft Speed
All belt driven AF fans with motors up to and including 5
HP are equipped with variable pitch pulleys. To change the
fan speed, perform the following:
a. Loosen setscrew on driver (motor) pulley and remove
key, if equipped.
b. Turn the pulley rim to open or close the groove facing.
If the pulley has multiple grooves, all must be adjusted
to the same width.
c. After adjustment, inspect for proper belt tension.
Speed Reduction
Open the pulley in order that the belt rides deeper in
the groove (smaller pitch diameter).
Speed Increase
Close the pulley in order that the belt rides higher in
the groove (larger pitch diameter). Ensure that the RPM
limits of the fan and the horsepower limits of the motor
are maintained.
The AVAB and VAB have standard fixed pitch
sheaves. To change speeds, consult factory.
Pulley and Belt Replacement
a. Remove pulleys from their respective shafts.
b. Clean the motor and fan shafts.
c. Clean bores of pulleys and coat the bores with heavy
oil.
d. Remove grease, rust, or burrs from the pulleys and
shafts.
e. Remove burrs from shaft by sanding.
f. Place fan pulley on fan shaft and motor pulley on its
shaft. Damage to the pulleys can occur when excessive force is used in placing the pulleys on their respec-
tive shafts.
g. Tighten in place.
h. Install belts on pulleys and align as described in the
Belt and Pulley Installation section.
Bearing Replacement
The fan bearings are pillow block ball bearings.
a. Loosen and remove belts by lowering motor mounting
plate with the four adjusting nuts.
b. Remove the bearing cover. Do not remove fan
sheave yet.
c. Remove prop by loosening setscrews and retaining
bolts and sliding off shaft.
d. Record the location of the fan sheave from end of
shaft, and remove the sheave.
e. Record the distance from the bearing to the end of the
shaft.
f. Loosen setscrews on bearings and remove shaft.
g. Remove bearings and replace with new bearings.
h. Slide shaft through bearings until shaft protrudes the
same amount as original shaft. Tighten setscrews.
i. Replace fan sheave in original location.
j. Replace prop but do not tighten yet.
k. Slide prop on shaft and center prop.
l. Replace and tighten belts.
m. Test run the fan.
n. Re-tighten setscrews on bearings, sheave, and prop.
Recheck belt tension and adjust as needed.
o. Replace bearing cover.
Prop Adjustment
The AVA prop pitch is adjustable. Consult factory for pro-
•Incorrect direction of rotation. Make sure the fan rotates in same direction as the arrows on the motor or belt drive assembly.
•Poor fan inlet conditions. There should be a straight clear duct at the inlet.
•Improper prop alignment.
Excessive Vibration and Noise
•Damaged or unbalanced wheel.
•Belts too loose; worn or oily belts.
•Speed too high.
•Incorrect direction of rotation. Make sure the fan rotates in same direction as the arrows on the motor or belt drive assembly.
•Bearings need lubrication or replacement.
•Fan surge.
Overheated Motor
•Motor improperly wired.
•Incorrect direction of rotation. Make sure the fan rotates in same direction as the arrows on the motor or belt drive assembly.
•Cooling air diverted or blocked.
•Improper prop clearance.
•Incorrect fan RPMs.
•Incorrect voltage.
Overheated Bearings
•Improper bearing lubrication
•Excessive belt tension.
Limited Warranty
Loren Cook Company warrants that your Loren Cook fan was manufactured free of defects in materials and workmanship, to the extent stated herein. For a period of one (1)
year after date of shipment, we will replace any parts found to be defective without charge, except for shipping costs which will be paid by you.
This warranty is granted only to the original purchaser placing the fan in service.
This warranty is void if the fan or any part thereof has been altered or modified from its original design or has been abused, misused, damaged or is in worn condition or if the
fan has been used other than for the uses described in the company manual. This warranty does not cover defects resulting from normal wear and tear.
To make a warranty claim, notify Loren Cook Company, General Offices, 2015 East Dale Street, Springfield, Missouri 65803-4637, explaining in writing, in detail, your complaint and referring to the specific model and serial numbers of your fan. Upon receipt by Loren Cook Company of your written complaint, you will be notified, within thirty (30)
days of our receipt of your complaint, in writing, as to the manner in which your claim will be handled. If you are entitled to warranty relief, a warranty adjustment will be completed within sixty (60) business days of the receipt of your written complaint by Loren Cook Company.
This warranty gives only the original purchaser placing the fan in service specifically the right. You may have other legal rights which vary from state to state.
Corporate Offices: 2015 E. Dale Street Springfield, MO 65803 417.869.6474
lorencook.com
12
VA/AVA/AF IOM - May 2004
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