Linksys RV016 User Manual

A Division of Cisco Systems, Inc.

®

Model No.

WIRED

RV016

10/100

16-Port VPN Router

User Guide

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Copyright and Trademarks

Linksys is a registered trademark or trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain
other countries. Copyright © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

How to Use this Guide

This User Guide has been designed to make understanding networking with the Router easier than ever. Look for
the following items when reading this Guide:

This checkmark means there is a Note of interest and
is something you should pay special attention to while
using the Router.

This exclamation point means there is a Caution or
Warning and is something that could damage your
property or the Router.

This question mark provides you with a reminder about
something you might need to do while using the Router.

In addition to these symbols, there are definitions for technical terms that are presented like this:

word: definition.

Also, each figure (diagram, screenshot, or other image) is provided with a figure number and description, like
this:

Figure 0-1: Sample Figure Description

Figure numbers and descriptions can also be found in the “List of Figures” section in the “Table of Contents”.

RV016-UG-40205A JL

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

Welcome 1
What’s in this Guide? 2

Chapter 2: Networking Basics 4

An Introduction to LANs 4
The Use of IP Addresses 4
Why do I need a VPN? 5
What is a VPN? 6

Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Router 8

The Front Panel 8
The Back Panel 10

Chapter 4: Connecting the Router 11

Overview 11
Connection Instructions 12

Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs 13

Overview 13
Configuring Windows 98 and Millennium PCs 13
Configuring Windows 2000 PCs 14
Configuring Windows XP PCs 14

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router 16

Overview 16
How to Access the Web-based Utility 19
System Summary Tab 19
Setup Tab - Network 22
Setup Tab - Password 25
Setup Tab - Time 25
Setup Tab - DMZ Host 26
Setup Tab - Forwarding 26
Setup Tab - UPnP 28
Setup Tab - One-to-One NAT 29
Setup Tab - MAC Clone 30
Setup Tab - DDNS 31

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Setup Tab - Advanced Routing 32
DHCP Tab - Setup 34
DHCP Tab - Status 36
System Management Tab - Multi-WAN 37
System Management Tab - SNMP 40
System Management Tab - Diagnostic 41
System Management Tab - Factory Default 42
System Management Tab - Firmware Upgrade 42
System Management Tab - Restart 43
System Management Tab - Setting Backup 43
Port Management Tab - Port Setup 44
Port Management Tab - Port Status 45
Firewall Tab - General 46
Firewall Tab - Access Rules 47
Firewall Tab - Content Filter 49
VPN Tab - Summary 50
VPN Tab - Gateway to Gateway 52
VPN Tab - Client to Gateway 59
VPN Tab - VPN Pass Through 68
Log Tab - System Log 69
Log Tab - System Statistics 71
Wizard Tab 72
Support Tab 81
Logout Tab 81

Appendix A: Troubleshooting 82

Common Problems and Solutions 82
Frequently Asked Questions 93

Appendix B: Upgrading Firmware 97
Appendix C: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter 98

Windows 98 or Me Instructions 98
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions 98
For the Router’s Web-based Utility 99

Appendix D: Physical Setup of the Router 100

Setting up the Router 100

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Appendix E: Battery Replacement 104

Replacing a Lithium Battery 104

Appendix F: Windows Help 105
Appendix G: Glossary 106
Appendix H: Specifications 113
Appendix I: Warranty Information 114
Appendix J: Regulatory Information 115
Appendix K: Contact Information 116

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

List of Figures

Figure 2-1: VPN Router-to-VPN Router VPN 7
Figure 2-2: Computer-to-VPN Router VPN 7
Figure 3-1: Front Panel 8
Figure 3-2: Back Panel 10
Figure 4-1: Example of a Typical Network 11
Figure 4-2: Connect a PC 12
Figure 4-3: Connect the Internet 12
Figure 4-4: Connect the DMZ 12
Figure 4-5: Connect the Power 12
Figure 5-1: TCP/IP for Windows 98 and Me 13
Figure 5-2: Obtain an IP address automatically for Windows 98 and Me 13
Figure 5-3: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for Windows 2000 14
Figure 5-4: Obtain an IP address automatically for Windows 2000 14
Figure 5-5: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for Windows XP 15
Figure 5-6: Obtain an IP address automatically for Windows XP 15
Figure 6-1: Router’s IP Address 19
Figure 6-2: Login Screen 19
Figure 6-3: System Summary 19
Figure 6-4: Site Map 20
Figure 6-5: Port Information 20
Figure 6-6: Setup Tab 22
Figure 6-7: Save New Number of WAN Ports 22
Figure 6-8: Obtain an IP Automatically 23
Figure 6-9: Static IP 23
Figure 6-10: PPPoE 23
Figure 6-11: PPTP 24
Figure 6-12: DMZ 24
Figure 6-13: Password 25

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Figure 6-14: Time - Automatic 25
Figure 6-15: Time - Manual 25
Figure 6-16: DMZ Host 26
Figure 6-17: Forwarding 26
Figure 6-18: Service Management 27
Figure 6-19: UPnP 28
Figure 6-20: One-to-One NAT 29
Figure 6-21: MAC Clone 30
Figure 6-22: Edit MAC Clone 30
Figure 6-23: DDNS 31
Figure 6-24: Edit DDNS 31
Figure 6-25: Advanced Routing 32
Figure 6-26: DHCP Setup 34
Figure 6-27: DHCP Status 36
Figure 6-28: Multi-WAN Load Balance 37
Figure 6-29: Save New Mode 37
Figure 6-30: Intelligent Balancer - Edit Load Balance 37
Figure 6-31: IP Group (By Users) 38
Figure 6-32: IP Group (By Users) - Edit Load Balance 38
Figure 6-33: SNMP 40
Figure 6-34: DNS Name Lookup 41
Figure 6-35: Ping 41
Figure 6-36: Factory Default 42
Figure 6-37: Confirm Return to Factory Default Settings 42
Figure 6-38: Firmware Upgrade 42
Figure 6-39: Restart 43
Figure 6-40: Setting Backup 43
Figure 6-41: Port Setup 44
Figure 6-42: Port Status 45
Figure 6-43: General Firewall 46

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Figure 6-44: Access Rules 47
Figure 6-45: Add a New Access Rule 48
Figure 6-46: Content Filter 49
Figure 6-47: VPN Summary 50
Figure 6-48: VPN Tunnel Details 50
Figure 6-49: Types of VPN Tunnels 50
Figure 6-50: GroupVPN List 51
Figure 6-51: Gateway to Gateway 52
Figure 6-52: Local Security Gateway Type - IP Only 53
Figure 6-53: Local Security Gateway Type -

IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 53

Figure 6-54: Local Security Gateway Type -

IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 53

Figure 6-55: Local Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 53

Figure 6-56: Local Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 53
Figure 6-57: Local Security Group Type - IP 53
Figure 6-58: Local Security Group Type - Subnet 53
Figure 6-59: Local Security Group Type - IP Range 54
Figure 6-60: Remote Security Gateway Type - IP Only 54
Figure 6-61: Remote Security Gateway Type -

IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 54
Figure 6-62: Remote Security Gateway Type -

IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 54
Figure 6-63: Remote Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 55
Figure 6-64: Remote Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 55
Figure 6-65: Remote Security Group Type - IP 55

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Figure 6-66: Remote Security Group Type - Subnet 55
Figure 6-67: Remote Security Group Type - IP Range 55
Figure 6-68: IPSec Setup - IKE with Preshared Key 56
Figure 6-69: IPSec Setup - Manual 57
Figure 6-70: IKE with Preshared Key - Advanced 58
Figure 6-71: Client to Gateway 59
Figure 6-72: Local Security Gateway Type - IP Only 60
Figure 6-73: Local Security Gateway Type -

IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 60
Figure 6-74: Local Security Gateway Type -

IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 61
Figure 6-75: Local Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 61
Figure 6-76: Local Security Gateway Type -

Dynamic IP + E-mail Addr. (USER FQDN) Authentication 61
Figure 6-77: Local Security Group Type - IP 61
Figure 6-78: Local Security Group Type - Subnet 61
Figure 6-79: Local Security Group Type - IP Range 61
Figure 6-80: Remote Client for VPN Tunnel - IP Only 62
Figure 6-81: Remote Client for VPN Tunnel -

IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 62
Figure 6-82: Remote Client for VPN Tunnel -

IP + E-mail Addr. (User FQDN) Authentication 62
Figure 6-83: Remote Client for VPN Tunnel -

Dynamic IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication 62
Figure 6-84: Remote Client for VPN Tunnel -

Dynamic IP + E-mail Addr. (User FQDN) Authentication 63
Figure 6-85: Remote Client for Group VPN - Domain Name (FQDN) 63
Figure 6-86: Remote Client for Group VPN - E-mail Address (USER FQDN) 63
Figure 6-87: Remote Client for Group VPN - Microsoft XP/2000 VPN Client 63

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Figure 6-88: IPSec Setup - IKE with Preshared Key 64
Figure 6-89: IPSec Setup - Manual 65
Figure 6-90: IKE with Preshared Key - Advanced 66
Figure 6-91: VPN Pass Through 68
Figure 6-92: System Log 69
Figure 6-93: View All Logs 70
Figure 6-94: View VPN Log 70
Figure 6-95: View Outgoing Log Table 70
Figure 6-96: View Incoming Log Table 70
Figure 6-97: System Statistics 71
Figure 6-98: Wizard 72
Figure 6-99: Basic Setup Wizard - Change Number of WAN Ports 72
Figure 6-100: Change Number of WAN Ports 72
Figure 6-101: Save Settings 73
Figure 6-102: Basic Setup Wizard - Edit Network Settings 73
Figure 6-103: Host and Domain Name 73
Figure 6-104: WAN Connection Type 74
Figure 6-105: Obtain an IP Automatically 74
Figure 6-106: Static IP 75
Figure 6-107: Static IP - DNS Servers 75
Figure 6-108: PPPoE 76
Figure 6-109: PPPoE - Connect on Demand or Keep Alive 76
Figure 6-110: DMZ 77
Figure 6-111: Save Settings 77
Figure 6-112: Access Rules 78
Figure 6-113: Action 78
Figure 6-114: Service 79
Figure 6-115: Log 79
Figure 6-116: Source 79
Figure 6-117: Destination 80

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Figure 6-118: Scheduling 80
Figure 6-119: Save Settings 80
Figure 6-120: Support 81
Figure 6-121: Logout 81
Figure B-1: Upgrade Firmware 97
Figure C-1: IP Configuration Screen 98
Figure C-2: MAC Address/Adapter Address 98
Figure C-3: MAC Address/Physical Address 99
Figure C-4: MAC Clone 99
Figure C-5: Edit MAC Clone 99
Figure D-1: Mounting Brackets 100
Figure D-2: Attaching the Brackets to the Router and Rack-Mounting

the Router 101
Figure D-3: Wall-Mounting the Router 102
Figure D-4: Wall-Mounting Hardware 103

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 1: Introduction

Welcome

Thank you for choosing the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router. The Linksys 10/100 16-Port VPN Router is an advanced
Internet-sharing network solution for your small business needs. Like any router, it lets multiple computers in
your office share an Internet connection, but the 16 ports on this Router feature unprecedented versatility. Two
are dedicated Internet ports that let you connect a second Internet line as a backup to ensure that you're never
disconnected. Or, you can use both Internet ports at the same time, and let the router balance your office's
requirements between them for maximum bandwidth efficiency.

Not enough? Up to five of the thirteen full-duplex switched 10/100 Ethernet ports can be reconfigured as Internet
ports, for an up to seven-port failover or load balanced redundancy! Finally, a dedicated DMZ port gives you a
publicly accessible channel so you can set up a web or FTP server, unimpeded by the powerful security features
of the Router.

The Virtual Private Network (VPN) capability creates encrypted “tunnels” through the Internet, allowing up to 50
remote office or traveling users to securely connect into your office network from off-site. Users connecting
through a VPN tunnel are attached to your company's network -- with secure access to files, e-mail, and your
intranet -- just as if they were in the building. You can also use the VPN capability to allow users on your small
office network to securely connect out to a corporate network.

The 10/100 16-Port VPN Router can serve as a DHCP server, and has a powerful SPI firewall to protect your PCs
against intruders and most known Internet attacks. It can be configured to filter internal users' access to the
Internet, and has IP address filtering so you can specify exactly who has access to your network. Configuration is
a snap with the web browser-based configuration utility.

As the heart of your small office network, the connection-redundant Linksys 10/100 16-Port VPN Router gives you
the connection reliability your business needs.

Use the instructions in this Guide to help you connect the Router , set it up, and configure it to bridge your different
networks. These instructions should be all you need to get the most out of the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router.

Ethernet: an IEEE standard network protocol
that specifies how data is placed on and
retrieved from a common transmission
medium.

VPN (Virtual Private Network): A security
measure to protect data as it leaves one
network and goes to another over the Internet.

Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome

1

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

What’s in this Guide?

This user guide covers the steps for setting up and using the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router.

• Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter describes the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router applications and this User Guide.

• Chapter 2: Networking Basics

This chapter describes the basics of networking.

• Chapter 3: Getting to Know the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router

This chapter describes the physical features of the Router.

• Chapter 4: Connecting the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router

This chapter instructs you on how to connect the Router to your network.

• Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs

This chapter explains how to configure the PCs for your network.

• Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router

This chapter explains how to use the Web-based Utility to set up the Router and configure its settings.

• Appendix A: Troubleshooting

This appendix describes some problems and solutions, as well as frequently asked questions, regarding
installation and use of the 10/100 16-Port VPN Router.

• Appendix B: Upgrading Firmware

This appendix instructs you on how to upgrade the firmware on your Router if you should need to do so.

• Appendix C: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet Adapter.

This appendix describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use
the MAC address cloning feature of the Router.

• Appendix D: Physical Setup of the Router

This appendix describes the physical setup of the Router, including installation of the mounting brackets.

• Appendix E: Battery Replacement

This appendix explains how to replace the Router’s battery.

• Appendix F: Windows Help

This appendix describes how you can use Windows Help for instructions about networking, such as installing
the TCP/IP protocol.

Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this Guide?

2

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

• Appendix G: Glossary

This appendix gives a brief glossary of terms frequently used in networking.

• Appendix H: Specifications

This appendix provides the technical specifications for the Router.

• Appendix I: Warranty Information

This appendix supplies the warranty information for the Router.

• Appendix J: Regulatory Information

This appendix supplies the regulatory information regarding the Router.

• Appendix K: Contact Information

This appendix provides contact information for a variety of Linksys resources, including Technical Support.

Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this Guide?

3

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 2: Networking Basics

An Introduction to LANs

A Router is a network device that connects two networks together.
The Router connects your local area network (LAN), or the group of PCs in your home or office, to the Internet. The

Router processes and regulates the data that travels between these two networks.
The Router’s Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) firewall and Network Address Translation (NAT) technology protects

your network of PCs so users on the Internet cannot “see” your PCs. This is how your LAN remains private. The
Router protects your network by inspecting the first packet coming in through the Internet port before delivery to
the final destination on one of the Ethernet ports. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server,
ftp server, or other Internet applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the packet to the appropriate PC on the
LAN side.

The Use of IP Addresses

IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device in an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers,
requires an IP address to identify its location, or address, on the network. This applies to both the Internet and
LAN connections.

There are two ways of assigning IP addresses to your network devices.
A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a

static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing ensures that the device assigned it will
always have that same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used with network
devices such as server PCs or print servers.

If you use the Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, contact your ISP to find out if they have
assigned a static IP address to your account. If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring the
Router. You can get the information from your ISP.

A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network. These IP addresses are called
dynamic because they are only temporarily assigned to the PC or other device. After a certain time period, they
expire and may change. If a PC logs onto the network (or the Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the
DHCP server will assign it a new dynamic IP address.

LAN (Local Area Network): the
computers and networking products
that make up the network in your home
or office.

NAT (Network Address Translation):
NAT technology translates IP
addresses of a local area network to a
different IP address for the Internet.

SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection)
firewall: a technology that inspects

every incoming packet of information
before allowing it to enter the network.

Static IP address: a fixed address
assigned to a computer or device that
is connected to a network.

Dynamic IP address: a temporary IP
address assigned by a DHCP server.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol): a protocol that lets one

device on a local network, known as a
DHCP server, assign temporary IP
addresses to the other network
devices, typically computers.

Chapter 2: Networking Basics
An Introduction to LANs

4

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

A DHCP server can either be a designated PC on the network or another network device, such as the Router. By
default, the Router’s Internet Connection Type is Obtain an IP automatically (DHCP).

The PC or network device obtaining an IP address is called the DHCP client. DHCP frees you from having to assign
IP addresses manually every time a new user is added to your network.

For DSL users, many ISPs may require you to log on with a user name and password to gain access to the
Internet. This is a dedicated, high-speed connection type called Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE).
PPPoE is similar to a dial-up connection, but PPPoE does not dial a phone number when establishing a
connection. It also will provide the Router with a dynamic IP address to establish a connection to the Internet.

By default, a DHCP server (on the LAN side) is enabled on the Router. If you already have a DHCP server running
on your network, you MUST disable one of the two DHCP servers. If you run more than one DHCP server on your
network, you will experience network errors, such as conflicting IP addresses. To disable DHCP on the Router,
see the Basic Setup section in “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router.”

Why do I need a VPN?

Computer networking provides a flexibility not available when using an archaic, paper-based system. With this
flexibility, however, comes an increased risk in security. This is why firewalls were first introduced. Firewalls
help to protect data inside of a local network. But what do you do once information is sent outside of your local
network, when e-mails are sent to their destination, or when you have to connect to your company's network
when you are out on the road? How is your data protected?

That is when a VPN can help. VPNs are called Virtual Private Networks because they secure data moving outside
of your network as if it were still within that network.

When data is sent out across the Internet from your computer, it is always open to attacks. Y ou may already ha ve
a firewall, which will help protect data moving around or held within your network from being corrupted or
intercepted by entities outside of your network, but once data moves outside of your network -- when you send
data to someone via e-mail or communicate with an individual over the Internet -- the firewall will no longer
protect that data.

At this point, your data becomes open to hackers using a variety of methods to steal not only the data you are
transmitting but also your network login and security data. Some of the most common methods are as follows:

1. MAC Address Spoofing
Packets transmitted over a network, either your local network or the Internet, are preceded by a packet header.

These packet headers contain both the source and destination information for that packet to transmit efficiently.

VPN (Virtual Private Network): A security
measure to protect data as it leaves one
network and goes to another over the Internet.

NOTE: Since the Router is a device that connects two
networks, it needs two IP addresses—one for the LAN,
and one for the Internet. In this User Guide, you’ll see
references to the “Internet IP address” and the “LAN IP
address.”

Since the Router uses NAT technology, the only IP
address that can be seen from the Internet for your
network is the Router’s Internet IP address. However,
even this Internet IP address can be blocked, so that the
Router and network seem invisible to the Internet.

Chapter 2: Networking Basics
Why do I need a VPN?

5

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

A hacker can use this information to spoof (or fake) a MAC address allowed on the network. With this spoofed
MAC address, the hacker can also intercept information meant for another user.

2. Data Sniffing
Data “sniffing” is a method used by hackers to obtain network data as it travels through unsecured networks,

such as the Internet. Tools for just this kind of activity, such as protocol analyzers and network diagnostic tools,
are often built into operating systems and allow the data to be viewed in clear text.

3. Man in the middle attacks
Once the hacker has either sniffed or spoofed enough information, he can now perform a “man in the middle”

attack. This attack is performed, when data is being transmitted from one network to another, by rerouting the
data to a new destination. Even though the data is not received by its intended recipient, it appears that way to
the person sending the data.

These are only a few of the methods hackers use and they are always developing more. Without the security of
your VPN, your data is constantly open to such attacks as it travels over the Internet. Data travelling over the
Internet will often pass through many different servers around the world before reaching its final destination.
That's a long way to go for unsecured data and this is when a VPN serves its purpose.

What is a VPN?

A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is a connection between two endpoints - a VPN Router, for instance - in
different networks that allows private data to be sent securely over a shared or public network, such as the
Internet. This establishes a private network that can send data securely between these two locations or
networks.

This is done by creating a “tunnel”. A VPN tunnel connects the two PCs or networks and allows data to be
transmitted over the Internet as if it were still within those networks. Not a literal tunnel, it is a connection
secured by encrypting the data sent between the two networks.

VPN was created as a cost-effective alternative to using a private, dedicated, leased line for a private network.
Using industry standard encryption and authentication techniques - IPSec, short for IP Security - the VPN creates
a secure connection that, in effect, operates as if you were directly connected to your local network. Virtual
Private Networking can be used to create secure networks linking a central office with branch offices,
telecommuters, and/or professionals on the road (travelers can connect to a VPN Router using any computer with
VPN client software that supports IPSec, such as SSH Sentinel.)

There are two basic ways to create a VPN connection:

Chapter 2: Networking Basics
What is a VPN?

6

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

• VPN Router to VPN Router

• Computer (using VPN client software that supports IPSec) to VPN Router
The VPN Router creates a “tunnel” or channel between two endpoints, so that data transmissions between them

are secure. A computer with VPN client software that supports IPSec can be one of the two endpoints. Any
computer with the built-in IPSec Security Manager (Microsoft 2000 and XP) allows the VPN Router to create a VPN
tunnel using IPSec). Other versions of Microsoft operating systems require additional, third-party VPN client
software applications that support IPSec to be installed.

VPN Router to VPN Router

An example of a VPN Router-to-VPN Router VPN would be as follows. (See Figure 2-1.) At home, a telecommuter
uses his VPN router for his always-on Internet connection. His router is configured with his office's VPN settings.
When he connects to his office's 10/100 16-Port VPN Router, the two routers create a VPN tunnel, encrypting and
decrypting data. As VPNs utilize the Internet, distance is not a factor. Using the VPN, the telecommuter now has a
secure connection to the central office's network, as if his computer were physically connected.

Computer to VPN Router

The following is an example of a computer-to-VPN Router VPN. (See Figure 2-2.) In her hotel room, a traveling
businesswoman dials up her ISP. Her notebook computer has VPN client software that is configured with her
office's VPN settings. She accesses the VPN client software that supports IPSec and connects to the 10/100
16-Port VPN Router at the central office. As VPNs utilize the Internet, distance is not a factor. Using the VPN, the
businesswoman now has a secure connection to the central office's network, as if her computer were physically
connected.

For additional information and instructions about creating your own VPN, please visit Linksys’s website at
www.linksys.com.

Chapter 2: Networking Basics
What is a VPN?

Figure 2-1: VPN Router-to-VPN Router VPN

Figure 2-2: Computer-to-VPN Router VPN

7

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Router

The Front Panel

The Router’s LEDs, Ethernet ports, and Reset button are located on the front panel of the Router.

Figure 3-1: Front Panel

LEDs

DIAG Orange. The DIAG LED lights up when the system is not ready. The LED turns off when

the system is ready.

System Green. The System LED lights up when the Router is powered on. When the LED is

flashing, the Router is running a diagnostic test.

LAN/Act (1-13) Green. Each LAN/Act LED serves two purposes. If the LED is continuously lit, the Router

is connected to a device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13). If the LED is flashing, the Router is actively sending or receiving data over that
port.

LAN/Act LEDs 9-13 and Internet/Act LEDs 3-7 represent the dual-function ports, which
can be used as LAN or Internet ports. These are LAN ports 9-13 (white print) or Internet
ports 3-7 (dark print) on the Router’s front panel.

Internet/Act (1-7) Green. Each Internet/Act LED serves two purposes. If the LED is continuously lit, the

Router is connected to an Internet device, such as a cable or DSL modem, through the
corresponding port. If the LED is flashing, the Router is actively sending or receiving
data over that port.

Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Router
The Front Panel

8

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Internet/Act LEDs 1 and 2 are labeled Internet because they can be used only as
Internet ports.

DMZ Orange. The DMZ LED serves two purposes. If the LED is continuously lit, the Router is

connected to a DMZ host through the DMZ port. If the LED is flashing, the Router is
actively sending or receiving data over that port.

Ports

1-13 (LAN) These thirteen LAN Ethernet ports connect to network devices, such as PCs, print

servers, or additional switches.
LAN ports 9-13 can also be used as Internet ports.

Internet (1-7) The seven Internet Ethernet ports connect to an Internet device, such as a cable or DSL

modem.
Internet ports 1 and 2 are labeled Internet because they can be used only as Internet

ports. When used as an additional Internet port, it connects to a cable or DSL modem.
Internet ports 3-7 can also be used as LAN ports.

DMZ The DMZ Ethernet port connects to a hub, switch, or public server.

Button

Reset Button The Reset button can be used in one of two ways:

If the Router is having problems connecting to the Internet, press the Reset button with
a paper clip or a pencil tip for four seconds. This performs a warm reset, similar to
rebooting your PC. You will see the Diag LED flash slowly until the warm reset is
complete.

If you are experiencing extreme problems with the Router and have tried all other
troubleshooting measures, press and hold in the Reset button for ten seconds. This will
restore the factory defaults and clear all of the Router’s settings, such as port range
forwarding entries or a new password. Y ou will see the Diag LED flash quickly until the
factory defaults have been restored.

Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Router
The Front Panel

9

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

The Back Panel

The Router’s Power port is located on the back panel of the Router.

Figure 3-2: Back P anel

Power The Power port is where you connect the p ower adapter.

Proceed to “Chapter 4: Connecting the Router.”

Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Router
The Back Panel

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 4: Connecting the Router

Overview

To set up your network, you will do the following:

• Connect the Router to one of your PCs according to the instructions in this chapter.

• If necessary, configure your PCs to obtain an IP address automatically from the Router, according to “Chapter
5: Configuring the PCs. ” (By default, Windows 98, 2000, Millennium, and XP computers are set to obtain an IP
address automatically, so unless you have changed the default setting, then you will not need to configure
your PCs.)

• Set up and configure the Router with the setting(s) provided by your Internet Service Provider (ISP) according
to “Chapter 6: Set up and Configure the Router.”

The installation technician from your ISP should have left the setup information with you after installing your
broadband connection. If not, you can call your ISP to request the information. Once you have the setup
information for your specific type of Internet connection, then you can begin installation and setup of the Router.

Internet

Chapter 4: Connecting the Router
Overview

Cable or DSL

Modem

Figure 4-1: Example of a Typical Network

10/100 16-Port

VPN Router

Notebook with

Ethernet Adapter

PC with

Ethernet Adapter

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Connection Instructions

1. Before you begin, make sure that all of your hardware is powered off, including the Router, PCs, hubs,
switches, and cable or DSL modem.

2. Connect one end of an Ethernet network cable to one of the numbered ports on the front of the Router (see
Figure 4-2). Connect the other end to an Ethernet port on a network device, e.g., a PC, print server, hub, or
switch.

Repeat this step to connect more PCs or other network devices to the Router.

3. Connect your cable or DSL modem’s Ethernet cable to one of the Router’s Internet ports.
Repeat this step to connect additional Internet devices to the Router’s other Internet ports.

4. If you want to use the DMZ port, connect an Ethernet cable to it, and connect the other end to the
appropriate network device, such as a public server.

Figure 4-2: Connect a PC

5. Power on the cable or DSL modem and the other network device(s).

6. Connect the included power cord to the Router’s Power port on the back of the Router, as shown in Figure 4­4, and then plug the power cord into an electrical outlet.

The System LED on the front panel will light up as soon as the power adapter is connected properly.

If you need to configure your PCs, proceed to “Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs.” Otherwise, proceed to

“Chapter 6: Setting up and Configurin g the Router.”

Chapter 4: Connecting the Router
Connection Instructions

Figure 4-3: Connect the Internet

Figure 4-4: Connect the DMZ

Figure 4-5: Connect the Power

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs

Overview

The instructions in this chapter will help you configure each of your computers so they will be able to
communicate with the Router. Each PC must be set to obtain an IP address (or TCP/IP) address automatically
(called DHCP). Computers use IP addresses to communicate with each other across a network or the Internet.

Note: These instructions apply only to Windows 98, Millennium, 2000, or XP computers. By default,
Windows 98, 2000, Millennium, and XP have TCP/IP installed and are set to obtain an IP address
automatically. If you ha ve not made any c hanges to your PC’s default network settings, then proceed
to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router.”

Find out which operating system your computer is running, such as Windows 98, Millennium, 2000, or XP. If
you’re not sure, you can find out by clicking the Start button. On the left side of the taskbar, it will say which
operating system your computer is using.

You may need to do this for each computer you are connecting to the Router.
The next few pages tell you, step by step, how to configure your network settings based on the type of Windows

operating system you are using. Make sure that an Ethernet card or adapter has been successfully installed in
each PC you will configure. Once you’ve configured your computers, proceed to “Chapter 6: Setting up and
Configuring the Router.”

Configuring Windows 98 and Millennium PCs

1. Click the Start button. Click Settings and then Control Panel. From there, double-click the Network icon.

2. On the Configuration tab, select the TCP/IP line for the applicable Ethernet adapter, as shown in Figure 5-1.
Do not choose a TCP/IP entry whose name mentions Dial-Up Adapter, PPPoE, VPN, or AOL. If the word TCP/IP
appears by itself, select that line. (If there is no TCP/IP line listed, refer to Windows Help or your Ethernet
adapter’s documentation to install TCP/IP now.) Click the Properties button.

3. Click the IP Address tab and select Obtain an IP address automatically, as shown in Figure 5-2.

4. Now click the Gateway tab to ensure that the Installed Gateway field is left blank. Click the OK button.

Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs
Overview

Figure 5-1: TCP/IP for Windows 98

and Me

Figure 5-2: Obtain an IP address

automatically for Windows 98

and Me

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

5. Click the OK button again. Windows may ask you for the original Windows installation disk or additional files.
Supply them by pointing to the correct file location, e.g., D:\win98, D:\win9x, c:\windows\options\cabs, etc. (if
“D” is the letter of your CD-ROM drive).

6. Windows may ask you to restart your PC. Click the Yes button. If Windows does not ask you to restart, restart
your computer anyway.

Go to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router.”

Configuring Windows 2000 PCs

1. Click the Start button. Click Settings and then Contr ol Panel. From there, double-click the Network and
Dial-up Connections icon.

2. Select the Local Area Connection icon for the applicable Ethernet adapter (usually it is the first Local Area
Connection listed). Double-click the Local Area Connection. Click the Properties button.

3. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. See Figure 5-3.

4. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (see Figure 5-4). Once the new windows appears, click the OK
button. Click the OK button again to complete the PC configuration.

5. Restart your computer.

Go to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router.”

Configuring Windows XP PCs

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using the
Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), follow the instructions for
Windows 2000.

1. Click the Start button. Click Settings and then Control Pan el. Clic k the Network and Internet Connections
icon and then the Network Connections icon.

2. Select the Local Area Connection icon for the applicable Ethernet adapter (usually it is the first Local Area
Connection listed). Double-click the Local Area Connection. Click the Properties button.

Figure 5-3: Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) for Windows 2000

Figure 5-4: Obtain an IP address

automatically for Windows 2000

Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs
Configuring Windows 2000 PCs

14

10/100 16-Port VPN Router

3. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. See Figure 5-5.

4. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (see Figure 5-6). Once the new window appears, click the OK
button. Click the OK button again (or the Close button if any settings were changed) to complete the PC
configuration.

5. Restart your computer.

Go to “Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router.”

Figure 5-5: Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) for Windows XP

Chapter 5: Configuring the PCs
Configuring Windows XP PCs

Figure 5-6: Obtain an IP address

automatically for Windows XP

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router

Overview

For your convenience, use the Router’s W eb-based Utility to set it up and configur e it. This chapter will explain all
of the functions in this Utility.

There are eleven main tabs in the Utility: System Summary, Setup, DHCP, System Management, Port
Management, Firewall, VPN, Log, Wizard, Support, and Logout. Additional tabs will be available after you click
one of the main tabs. The tabs are described below:

System Summary Tab

The System Summary tab displays the Router’s current status and settings. This information is read-only. If you
click any underlined text, the related setup page will appear.

Setup Tab

• Network. Enter the Internet connection and network settings on this screen.

• Password. You can change the Router’s passw ord on this screen. It is strongly recommended that you change
the Router's password from the default.

• Time. On this screen, configur e the Router’s time settings. You can set the time, select a time zone, enable or
disable the Daylight Savings feature, and configure the NTP (Network Time Protocol) settings.

• DMZ Host. The DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) Host feature allows one local user to be exposed to the Internet for
use of a special-purpose service such as Internet gaming or video conferencing.

• Forwarding. Port forwarding can be used to set up public services on your network. Y ou may use this function
to establish a web server or FTP server via an IP gateway.

• UPnP. UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) forwarding can be used to set up public services on your network.

• One-to-One NAT. One-to-One NAT (Network Address Translation) creates a relationship that maps valid
external addresses to internal addresses hidden by NAT.

• MAC Clone. Some ISPs require that you register a MAC address. This feature “clones” your network adapter's
MAC address onto the Router , so you don’t have to call your ISP and change the registered MAC address to the
Router's MAC address.

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router
Overview

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

• DDNS. DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name Service) service allows you to assign a fixed domain name to a dynamic
WAN IP address. This allows you to host your own web, FTP, or other type of TCP/IP server in your LAN.

• Advanced Routing. On this screen, you can enable the Router’s dynamic routing feature so it will
automatically adjust to physical changes in the network's layout. You can also set up static routes.

DHCP Tab

• Setup. You can enable/disable the DHCP server, set up client lease time, configure the DHCP IP range, assign
static IP addresses to specific clients, assign DNS server(s) to clients, and enter the WINS server IP address.

• Status. A Status page is available to review the status of the DHCP server and its clients.

System Management Tab

• Multi-WAN. There are two modes provided for the Load Balance function – Intelligent Balancer (Auto Mode)
and IP Group (By Users).

• SNMP. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a network protocol that provides network
administrators with the ability to monitor the status of the Router and receive notification of any critical
events as they occur on the network. (SNMP can only be used to monitor and configure the Router from inside
the local network.)

• Diagnostic. The Router has two built-in tools that will help with troubleshooting network problems.

• Factory Default. Use this screen to clear all of your configuration information and restore the Router to its
factory default settings. Only use this feature if you want to remove all of your custom configuration settings.

• Firmware Upgrade. You can use this screen to upgrade the Router’s firmware to the latest version.

• Restart. The recommended method of restarting the Router is to use the Restart tool available on this page.
When you use this method, the Router will send out your log file before it is reset.

• Setting Backup. This tab allows you to make a backup file of your configuration file for the Router.

Port Management Tab

• Port Setup. You can configure the connection settings for each port, such as priority, speed, duplex, and auto
negotiation.

• Port Status. You can select a port number to view its settings.

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router
Overview

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

Firewall Tab

• General. Use this screen to enable or disable various firewall and security features, including SPI (Stateful
Packet Inspection), DoS (Denial of Service), and Remote Management.

• Access Rules. Access Rules evaluate the network traffic's source IP address, destination IP address, and IP
protocol type to decide whether the IP traffic is allowed to pass through the firewall. You can set up custom
Access Rules from this screen.

• Content Filter. This tab allows you to filter web access according to a list of forbidden domains and a
schedule.

VPN T ab

• Summary. This screen displays the Summary, Tunnel Status, and GroupVPN Status settings and information.

• Gateway to Gateway. Use this screen to create a new tunnel between two VPN devices.

• Client to Gateway. From this screen, create a new tunnel between a local VPN device and a mobile user , or set
up a Group VPN.

• VPN Pass Through. This tab allows you to disable IPSec, PPTP, and/or L2TP Pass Through.

Log Tab

• System Log. The System Log displays the syslog, e-mail alert, and log settings.

• System Statistics. This tab displays the system statistics.

Wizard Tab

• Wizard. Use this tab to access two Setup Wizards, the Basic Setup Wizard and Access Rule Setup Wizard.

Support Tab

• Support. Use this screen to conveniently access this User Guide and the Linksys website.

Logout Tab

• Logout. Click the Logout tab to exit the Utility.

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router
Overview

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10/100 16-Port VPN Router

How to Access the Web-based Utility

To access the Web-based Utility of the Router, launch Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator, and enter the
Router’s default IP address, 192.168.1.1, in the Address field, as shown in Figure 6-1. Press the Enter key.

A screen will appear asking you for your User Name and Password, as shown in Figure 6-2. Enter admin in the

User Name field, and enter admin in the Password field. Then click the OK button.

System Summary Tab

The first screen that appears is the System Summary tab, which displays the Router’s current status and settings.
(See Figure 6-3.) This information is read-only. Underlined text is hyperlinked to related setup pages, so if you
click a hyperlink, the related setup screen will appear. On the right-hand side of this screen and all other screens
of the Utility is a link to the Site Map, which has links to all of the Utility’s tabs. Clic k the Si te M ap button to view
the Site Map, which is shown in Figure 6-4. Then, click the desired tab.

System Information

Serial Number. The serial number of the Router.
Firmware version. The current version number of the firmware installed on the Router.
CPU. The type and speed of the processor installed on the Router.
DRAM. The size of DRAM installed on the Router’s motherboard.
Flash. The size of flash memory installed on the Router’s board.

Figure 6-1: Router’s IP Address

Figure 6-2: Login Screen

System Up Time. The length of time in days, hours, and minutes that the Router has been active. The current time
and date are also displayed.

Configuration

If you need help to set up the Router, click the Setup Wizard button. For more details, see the Wizard T ab section.

Chapter 6: Setting up and Configuring the Router
How to Access the Web-based Utility

Figure 6-3: System Summary

19