Lexicon PCM90 Owner's Manual
PCM 90
Digital
Reverberator
User Guide
Unpacking and Inspection
After unpacking the PCM 90, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit. Thoroughly inspect
the PCM 90 and packing materials for signs of damage. Report any shipment damage to the carrier at once; report
equipment malfunction to your dealer.
Precautions
Save these instructions for later use.
Follow all instructions and warnings marked on the unit.
Always use with the correct line voltage. Refer to the manufacturer's operating instructions for power requirements. Be advised that different
operating voltages may require the use of a different line cord and/or attachment plug.
Do not install the unit in an unventilated rack, or directly above heat producing equipment such as power amplifiers. Observe the maximum
ambient operating temperature listed in the product specification.
Slots and openings on the case are provided for ventilation; to ensure reliable operation and prevent it from overheating, these openings must
not be blocked or covered. Never push objects of any kind through any of the ventilation slots. Never spill a liquid of any kind on the unit.
This product is equipped with a 3-wire grounding type plug. This is a safety feature and should not be defeated.
Never attach audio power amplifier outputs directly to any of the unit's connectors.
To prevent shock or fire hazard, do not expose the unit to rain or moisture, or operate it where it will be exposed to water.
Do not attempt to operate the unit if it has been dropped, damaged, exposed to liquids, or if it exhibits a distinct change in performance indicating
the need for service.
This unit should only be opened by qualified service personnel. Removing covers will expose you to hazardous voltages.
This triangle, which appears on your
component, alerts you to the presence of uninsulated, dangerous voltage inside the enclosure... voltage
that may be sufficient to constitute a
risk of shock.
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
This triangle, which appears on your
component, alerts you to important
operating and maintenance instructions in this accompanying literature.
Notice
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designated to provide
reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur
in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment OFF and ON, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient the receiving antenna
Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver
Move the computer away from the receiver
Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the computer and receiver are on different branch circuits.
If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find
the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful:
"How to identify and Resolve Radio/TV Interference Problems."
This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.
Le présent appareil numérique n'émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class
B prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
Copyright 1997
All Rights Reserved.
Lexicon Part # 070-10399 Rev 1
PCM 90
Digital
Reverberator
User Guide
Dansk
Vigtig information om sikkerhed
Gem denne vejledning til senere brug.
Følg alle anvisninger og advarsler på apparatet.
Apparatet skal altid tilsluttes den korrekte spænding. Der henvises til
brugsanvisningen, der indeholder specifikationer for strømforsyning. Der
gøres opmærksom på, at ved varierende driftsspændinger kan det blive
nødvendigt at bruge andre lednings- og/eller stiktyper.
Apparatet må ikke monteres i et kabinet uden ventilation eller lige over
andet udstyr, der udvikler varme, f.eks. forstærkere. Den maksimale
omgivelsestemperatur ved drift, der står opført i specifikationerne, skal
overholdes.
Der er ventilationsåbninger i kabinettet. For at sikre apparatets drift og
hindre overophedning må disse åbninger ikke blokeres eller tildækkes. Stik
aldrig noget ind igennem ventilationsåbningerne, og pas på aldrig at spilde
nogen form for væske på apparatet.
Dette apparat er forsynet med et stik med jordforbindelse. Denne
sikkerhedsforanstaltning må aldrig omgås.
Udgangsstik fra audioforstærkere må aldrig sættes direkte i apparatet.
Apparatet må ikke udsættes for regn eller fugt og må ikke bruges i
nærheden af vand for at undgå risiko for elektrisk stød og brand.
Apparatet må aldrig bruges, hvis det er blevet stødt, beskadiget eller vådt,
eller hvis ændringer i ydelsen tyder på, at det trænger til eftersyn.
Dette apparat må kun åbnes af fagfolk. Hvis dækslet tages af, udsættes
man for livsfarlig højspænding.
Denne mærkat på komponenten advarer om uisoleret, farlig spænding
i apparatet ... høj nok til at give elektrisk stød.
Denne mærkat på komponenten advarer om vigtig drifts- og
vedligeholdsinformation i den tilhørende litteratur.
Suomi
Tärkeitä turvallisuusohjeita
Säilytä nämä ohjeet tulevaa käyttöä varten.
Seuraa kaikkia yksikköön merkittyjä ohjeita ja varoituksia.
Käytä aina oikeaa verkkojännitettä. Tehovaatimukset selviävät valmistajan
käyttöohjeista. Huomaa, että eri käyttöjännitteet saattavat vaatia
toisenlaisen verkkojohdon ja/tai -pistokkeen käytön.
Älä asenna yksikköä telineeseen jossa ei ole tuuletusta, tai välittömästi
lämpöä tuottavien laitteiden, esim. tehovahvistimien, yläpuolelle.
Ympäristön lämpötila käytössä ei saa ylittää tuotespesifikaation
maksimilämpötilaa.
Kotelo on varustettu tuuletusreiillä ja -aukoilla. Luotettavan toiminnan
varmistamiseksi ja ylilämpenemisen välttämiseksi näitä aukkoja ei saa
sulkea tai peittää. Mitään esineitä ei saa työntää tuuletusaukkoihin. Mitään
nesteitä ei saa kaataa yksikköön.
Tuote on varustettu 3-johtimisella maadoitetulla verkkopistokkeella. Tämä
on turvallisuustoiminne eikä sitä saa poistaa.
Älä kytke audiotehovahvistimen lähtöjä suoraan mihinkään yksikön
liittimeen.
Sähköiskun ja palovaaran välttämiseksi yksikkö ei saa olla sateessa tai
kosteassa, eikä sitä saa käyttää märässä ympäristössä.
Älä käytä yksikköä jos se on pudonnut, vaurioitunut, kostunut, tai jos sen
suorituskyky on huomattavasti muuttunut, mikä vaatii huoltoa.
Yksikön saa avata vain laitteeseen perehtynyt huoltohenkilö. Kansien
poisto altistaa sinut vaarallisille jännitteille.
Tämä kolmio, joka esiintyy komponentissasi, varoittaa sinua
eristämättömän vaarallisen jännitteen esiintymisestä yksikön sisällä.
Tämä jännite saattaa olla riittävän korkea aiheuttamaan
sähköiskuvaaran.
Tämä kolmio, joka esiintyy komponentissasi, kertoo sinulle, että
tässä tuotedokumentoinnissa esiintyy tärkeitä käyttö- ja ylläpitoohjeita.
Norsk
Viktig informasjon om sikkerhet
Ta vare på denne veiledningen for senere bruk.
Følg alle anvisningene og advarslene som er angitt på apparatet.
Apparatet skal alltid anvendes med korrekt spenning. Produktbeskrivelsen
inneholder spesifikasjoner for strømkrav. Vær oppmerksom på at det ved
ulike driftsspenninger kan være nødvendig å bruke en annen ledning- og/
eller støpseltype.
Apparatet skal ikke monteres i skap uten ventilasjon, eller direkte over
varmeproduserende utstyr, som for eksempel kraftforsterkere. Den
maksimale romtemperaturen som står oppgitt i produktbeskrivelsen, skal
overholdes.
Apparatet er utstyrt med ventilasjonsåpninger. For at apparatet skal være
pålitelig i bruk og ikke overopphetes, må disse åpningene ikke blokkeres
eller tildekkes. Stikk aldri noe inn i ventilasjonsåpningene, og pass på at det
aldri søles noen form for væske på apparatet.
Dette apparatet er utstyrt med et jordet støpsel. Dette er en
sikkerhetsforanstaltning som ikke må forandres.
Utgangsplugger fra audioforsterkere skal aldri koples direkte til apparatet.
Unngå brannfare og elektrisk støt ved å sørge for at apparatet ikke utsettes
for regn eller fuktighet og ikke anvendes i nærheten av vann.
Apparatet skal ikke brukes hvis det har blitt utsatt for støt, er skadet eller blitt
vått, eller hvis endringer i ytelsen tyder på at det trenger service.
Dette apparatet skal kun åpnes av fagfolk. Hvis dekselet fjernes, utsettes
man for livsfarlig høyspenning.
Komponenten er merket med denne trekanten, som er en advarsel
om at det finnes uisolert, farlig spenning inne i kabinettet ... høy nok
til å utgjøre en fare for elektrisk støt.
Komponenten er merket med denne trekanten, som betyr at den
tilhørende litteraturen inneholder viktige opplysninger om drift og
vedlikehold.
Svenska
Viktiga säkerhetsföreskrifter
Spara dessa föreskrifter för framtida bruk.
Följ alla anvisningar och varningar som anges på enheten.
Använd alltid rätt nätspänning. Se tillverkarens bruksanvisningar för infor-
mation om effektkrav. Märkväl, att andra matningsspänningar eventuellt
kräver att en annan typs nätsladd och/eller kontakt används.
Installera inte enheten i ett oventilerat stativ, eller direkt ovanför utrustningar
som avger värme, t ex effektförstärkare. Se till att omgivningens temperatur
vid drift inte överskrider det angivna värdet i produktspecifikationen.
Behållaren är försedd med hål och öppningar för ventilering. För att
garantera tillförlitlig funktion och förhindra överhettning får dessa öppningar
inte blockeras eller täckas. Inga föremål får skuffas in genom ventilationshålen.
Inga vätskor får spillas på enheten.
Produkten är försedd med en jordad 3-trådskontakt. Detta är en
säkerhetsfunktion som inte får tas ur bruk.
Anslut aldrig audioeffektförstärkarutgångar direkt till någon av enhetens
kontakter.
För att undvika elstöt eller brandfara får enheten inte utsättas för regn eller
fukt, eller användas på ställen där den blir våt.
Använd inte enheten om den har fallit i golvet, skadats, blivit våt, eller om
dess prestanda förändrats märkbart, vilket kräver service.
Enheten får öppnas endast av behörig servicepersonal. Farliga spänningar
blir tillgängliga när locken tas bort.
Denna triangel, som visas på din komponent, varnar dig om en
oisolerad farlig spänning inne i enheten. Denna spänning är eventuellt
så hög att fara för elstöt föreligger.
Denna triangel, som visas på din komponent, anger att viktiga
bruksanvisningar och serviceanvisningar ingår i dokumentationen i
fråga.
Wichtige Sicherheitsanweisungen
Deutsch
Heben Sie sich diese Sicherheitsanweisungen auch für später auf.
Befolgen Sie alle auf der Vorrichtung stehenden Anweisungen und Warnungen.
Immer nur mit der richtigen Spannung verwenden! Die Gebrauchsanweisungen
des Herstellers informieren Sie über die elektrischen Anforderungen.
Vergessen Sie nicht daß bei verschiedenen Betriebsspannungen ggf. auch
verschiedene Leitungskabel und/oder Verbindungsstecker zu verwenden
sind.
Stellen Sie die Vorrichtung nicht in ein unbelüftetes Gestell oder unmittelbar
über wärmeerzeugende Geräte wie z.B. Tonverstärker. Halten Sie die in den
Produktspezifikationen angegebene maximale Umgebungstemperatur bei
Betrieb ein.
Schlitze und Öffnungen im Gehäuse dienen der Belüfung; um verläßlichen
Betrieb sicherzustellen und Überheizen zu vermeiden dürfen diese Öffnungen
nich verstopft oder abgedeckt werden. Stecken Sie nie irgend einen
Gegenstand durch die Belüftungsschlitze. Vergießen Sie keine Flüssigkeiten
auf den Apparat.
Dieses Produkt is mit einem 3-drahtigen Erdungsstecker ausgerüstet. Diese
Sicherheitsmaßnahme darf nicht unwirksam gemacht werden.
Schließen Sie nie Tonverstärker unmittelbar an einen Anschluß des Apparates
an.
Um elektrischen Schlag oder Feuer zu vermeiden, setzen Sie den Apparat
weder Regen noch Feuchtigkeit aus und betreiben Sie ihn nicht dort wo
Wasser eindringen könnte.
Versuchen Sie nicht den Apparat zu betreiben falls er fallen gelassen,
beschädigt, oder Flüssigkeiten ausgesetzt wurde, oder falls sich seine
Arbeitsweise derart ändert daß daraus ein Bedarf nach Raparatur zu schließen
ist.
Dieser Apparat sollte nur von qualifizierten Fachleuten geöffnet werden. Das
Abnehmen von Abdeckungen setzt Sie gefährlichen Spannungen aus.
Dieses Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat warnt Sie vor nicht-isolierter,
gefährlicher Spannung im Gehäuse ... stark genug um eine
Berührungsgefahr darzustellen.
Dieses Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat bedeutet daß wichtige Betriebsund Wartungsanweisungen in der mitgelieferten Dokumentation zu
finden sind.
Instrucciones importantes de seguridad
Español
Guarde esta instrucciones para uso posterior.
Utilice siempre el voltaje correcto. Diríjase a las instrucciones de operación
del fabricante para obtener las especificaciones de potencia. Esté al tanto
de que voltajes de operación distintos requieren el uso de cables y/o
enchufes distintos.
No instale esta unidad en un estante sin ventilación, ni tampoco directamente
encima de equipos que generen calor tales como amplificadores de
potencia. Fíjese en las temperaturas ambientales máximas de operación
que se mencionan en las especificaciones del producto.
Las aperturas y ranuras del chasis sirven para proveer la ventilación
necesaria para operar la unidad con seguridad y para prevenir
sobrecalentamiento, y por lo tanto no pueden ser obstruidas o cubiertas. No
introduzca objetos de ningún tipo a través de las ranuras de ventilación, y
nunca deje caer ningún líquido sobre la unidad.
Este producto está equipado con un enchufe de 3 clavijas con conexión a
tierra. Éste es un elemento de seguridad que no debe ser eliminado.
Nunca conecte ningún tipo de salida de amplificadores de sonido directamente
a los conectores de la unidad.
Para prevenir descargas eléctricas o incendios, mantenga la unidad alejada
de la lluvia, humedad o cualquier lugar en el que pueda entrar en contacto
con agua.
No trate de hacer funcionar la unidad si se ha caído, está dañada, ha entrado
en contacto con líquidos, o si nota cualquier cambio brusco en su
funcionamiento que indique la necesidad de hacerle un servicio de
mantenimiento.
Esta unidad deberá ser abierta únicamente por personal calificado. Si usted
quita las coberturas se expondrá a voltajes peligrosos.
Este triángulo que aparece en su componente le advierte sobre la
existencia dentro del chasis de voltajes peligrosos sin aislantes ...
voltajes que son lo suficientemente grandes como para causar
electrocución.
Este triángulo que aparece en su componente lo alerta sobre las
instrucciones de operación y mantenimiento importantes que están
en los materiales de lectura que se incluyen.
Instructions de Sûreté Importantes
Français
Gardez ces instructions pour réference future.
Observez toutes les instructions et tous les avertissements marqués sur
l’appareil.
Branchez uniquements sur un réseau de tension indiquée. Consultez le
manuel d’instruction du fabriquant pour les spécifications de courant.
N’oubliez pas que différentes tensions peuvent nécessiter l’utilisation de
cables et/ou de fiches de connexion différents.
N’installez pas l’appareil en un compartiment non-aéré ou directement audessus d’équipements générateurs de chaleur, tels qu’amplificateurs de
courants, etc. Ne dépassez pas la température ambiante maximale de
fonctionnement indiquée dans les spécifications du produit.
Des fentes et ouvertures sont prévues dans le boîtier pour l’aération; Pour
assurer le bon fonctionnement et pour prévenir l’échauffement, ces ouvertures
ne doivent pas être couvertes ou bloquées. N’insérez pas d’objets dans les
fentes d’aération. Empêchez tout liquide de se répandre sur l’appareil.
Ce produit est muni d’une fiche à trois fils pour la mise à terre. Ceci est une
mesure de sécurité et ne doit pas être contrariée.
Ne connectez jamais d’amplificateurs audio directement aux connecteurs
de l’appareil.
Pour empêcher les chocs électriques et le danger d’incendie, évitez d’exposer
l’appareil à la pluie ou à l’humidité, et ne le mettez pas en marche en un
endroit où il serait exposé aux éclaboussures d’eau.
N’essayez pas de faire fonctionner l’appareil s’il est tombé à terre, a été
endommangé, exposé à un liquide, ou si vous observez des différences
nettes dans son fonctionnement, indiquant la nécessité de réparations.
Cet appareil ne doit être ouvert que par un personnel de service qualifié. En
enlevant les couvercles vous vous exposez à des tensions électriques
dangereuses.
Ce triangle, sur votre appareil vous avertit de la présence de tension
dangereuse, non-isolée à l’intérieur du boîtier...une tension suffisante
pour représenter un danger d’électrocution.
Ce triangle sur sur votre appareil vous invite de suivre d’importantes
instructions d’utilisation et d’entretien dans la documentation livrée
avec le produit.
Importanti norme di sicurezza
Italiano
Conservare le presenti norme per l’utilizzo futuro.
Osservare tutte le istruzioni e le avvertenze apposte sull’unità.
Utilizzare esclusivamente con la tensione di rete corretta. Consultare le
istruzioni operative fornite dal fabbricante per i dati riguardanti la tensione e
l’assorbimento di corrente. Potrebbe essere necessario l’uso di cavi di rete
e/o di spine diverse a seconda della tensione utilizzata.
Non installare l’unità in uno scaffale privo di ventilazione oppure direttamente
sopra una fonte di calore, come, ad esempio, un amplificatore. Non superare
la temperatura ambientale massima di funzionamento riportata nei dati
tecnici del prodotto.
Le fessure e le altre aperture nella scatola servono alla ventilazione. Per un
funzionamento affidabile, e per evitare un eventuale surriscaldamento,
queste aperture non vanno ostruite o coperte in nessun modo. Evitare in tutti
i casi di inserire oggetti di qualsiasi genere attraverso le fessure di ventilazione.
Non versare mai del liquido di nessun tipo sull’unità.
Questo prodotto viene fornito con una spina a 3 fili con massa. Tale
dispositivo di sicurezza non va eliminato.
Evitare sempre di collegare le uscite dell’amplificatore audio direttamente ai
connettori dell’unità.
Per prevenire il pericolo di folgorazione e di incendio non esporre l’unità alla
pioggia o ad un’umidità eccessiva; evitare di adoperare l’unità dove potrebbe
entrare in contatto con acqua.
Evitare di adoperare l’unità se la stessa è stata urtata violentemente, se ha
subito un danno, se è stata esposta ad un liquido o in caso di un evidente
cambiamento delle prestazioni che indichi la necessità di un intervento di
assistenza tecnica.
Ogni intervento sull’unità va eseguito esclusivamente da personale qualificato.
La rimozione della copertura comporta l’esposizione al pericolo di
folgorazione.
Il presente triangolo impresso sul componente avverte della presenza
di tensioni pericolose non isolate all’interno della copertura... tali
tensioni rappresentano un pericolo di folgorazione
Il presente triangolo impresso sul componente avverte l’utente della
presenza nella documentazione allegata di importanti istruzioni relative
al funzionamento ed alla manutenzione.
Introduction
1. Product Overview
Block Diagram .................................................................................... 1-1
Front Panel Overview ......................................................................... 1-2
Rear Panel Overview.......................................................................... 1-3
Installation Notes ................................................................................ 1-4
Mounting ...................................................................................... 1-4
Power Requirements.................................................................... 1-4
Audio Connections ....................................................................... 1-4
Control Connections..................................................................... 1-4
Setting Audio Levels .................................................................... 1-5
Headroom Display • Overload • Setting Input Levels
Setting Analog Output Level
Configurations .............................................................................. 1-7
Memory Cards.............................................................................. 1-8
2. Basic Operation
Modes of Operation ............................................................................ 2-1
Navigating a Matrix ...................................................................... 2-2
Info ............................................................................................... 2-3
History of Effects Loaded ............................................................. 2-3
Control Mode ...................................................................................... 2-4
Program and Register Banks............................................................ 2-17
Tempo Mode .................................................................................... 2-20
Editing an Effect................................................................................ 2-23
The Soft Knob ............................................................................ 2-23
The Soft Row ............................................................................. 2-24
Compare .................................................................................... 2-25
Bypass ....................................................................................... 2-25
Store operations ......................................................................... 2-26
Turning Memory Protection On • Storing an Effect
Renaming the Effect • Selecting a Bank and Register
Location
The Full Edit Matrix .................................................................... 2-28
Creating a Soft Row
Patching ..................................................................................... 2-31
About Sources • The Patch Row • Assigning a Source
Patch Sources • Assigning a Destination • Assigning
Values • Jump
Patching Examples .................................................................... 2-35
Creating a patch with default values • Adjusting the
modulation source parameters • Changing the default
destination values • Adding an additional pivot point to
the patch • Multiple Patches with the Same Destination
Mod Row Patches
The Custom Row ....................................................................... 2-42
Setting Range Limits for ADJUST and the Custom
Controls • Labeling ADJUST, the Custom Controls and Their
Ranges • Assigning KeyWords to an Effect
Contents
Contents, cont'd.
3. The Algorithms and their Parameters
About the Algorithms .......................................................................... 3-1
Random Hall ................................................................................ 3-2
Ambience ..................................................................................... 3-4
Rich Plate ..................................................................................... 3-5
Concert Hall ................................................................................. 3-6
Chamber/Room ............................................................................ 3-7
The Parameters .................................................................................. 3-8
Compress ..................................................................................... 3-8
Controls ........................................................................................ 3-9
Custom ....................................................................................... 3-10
Delay .......................................................................................... 3-12
Design ........................................................................................ 3-12
Echo ........................................................................................... 3-14
Expand ....................................................................................... 3-14
Modulation.................................................................................. 3-15
Patches ...................................................................................... 3-20
Reflect ........................................................................................ 3-21
Spatial EQ .................................................................................. 3-21
Time ........................................................................................... 3-22
4. The Presets
Program Bank 0 Halls......................................................................... 4-2
Orchestral (0.0-0.9) ...................................................................... 4-2
Vocal (1.0-1.9).............................................................................. 4-3
Live Sound (2.0-2.9)..................................................................... 4-4
Instrument (3.0-3.9)...................................................................... 4-5
Custom (4.0-4.9) .......................................................................... 4-6
Program Bank 1 Rooms ..................................................................... 4-7
Instrument (0.0-0.9)...................................................................... 4-7
Vocal (1.0-1.9).............................................................................. 4-8
Live Sound (2.0-2.9)..................................................................... 4-9
Drums&Perc (3.0-3.9) ................................................................ 4-10
Custom (4.0-4.9) ........................................................................ 4-11
Program Bank 2 Plates..................................................................... 4-12
Instrument (0.0-0.9).................................................................... 4-12
Vocal (1.0-1.9)............................................................................ 4-13
Live Sound (2.0-2.9)................................................................... 4-14
Drums&Perc (3.0-3.9) ................................................................ 4-15
Custom (4.0-4.9) ........................................................................ 4-16
Program Bank 3 Post........................................................................ 4-17
Indoor Small (0.0-0.9) ................................................................ 4-17
Indoor Large (1.0-1.9) ................................................................ 4-18
Outdoor (2.0-2.9)........................................................................ 4-19
Spatial (3.0-3.9).......................................................................... 4-19
Custom (4.0-4.9) ........................................................................ 4-21
Program Bank 4 Splits ...................................................................... 4-22
Mono (0.0-0.9)............................................................................ 4-22
Stereo (1.0-1.9) .......................................................................... 4-23
Live Sound (2.0-2.9)................................................................... 4-24
Instrument (3.0-3.9).................................................................... 4-25
Custom (4.0-4.9) ........................................................................ 4-26
5. MIDI Operation
Selecting a MIDI Channel ................................................................... 5-1
Accessing Programs and Registers.................................................... 5-1
Controlling PCM 90 Tempo Rate with MIDI Clock .............................. 5-2
MIDI Tempo Control ..................................................................... 5-2
Using the PCM 90 as a MIDI Clock Source ................................. 5-2
Slaving two or more PCM 90s...................................................... 5-3
Controller Quirks................................................................................. 5-4
The ADJUST Knob, Custom Controls, Foot Pedal, Foot Sw 1
and Foot Sw 2 as MIDI controllers ............................................... 5-4
Controlling the Soft Knob with MIDI ............................................. 5-5
Controlling the Soft Knob with a Foot Pedal ................................ 5-5
Program Change Messages ............................................................... 5-6
Automation ......................................................................................... 5-7
SysEx Automation • Controller Automation • Reset All
Controllers • MIDI Clock and Clock Commands • Dynamic
®
MIDI
Bulk Data Dumps................................................................................ 5-8
MIDI Implementation Chart ................................................................. 5-9
6. Troubleshooting
Low Voltage ........................................................................................ 6-1
Overheating ........................................................................................ 6-1
Common MIDI Problems .................................................................... 6-1
Operational Problems ......................................................................... 6-2
Power On Behavior............................................................................. 6-3
Restoring Factory Default Settings ..................................................... 6-3
Reinitialization .................................................................................... 6-4
Contents, cont'd.
7. Specifications
Thank you for your purchase of the PCM 90 Digital Reverberator. The PCM 90
gives you Lexicon's renowned high-end reverb effects with a powerful new
interface that provides easy access to superbly crafted presets as well as a
wealth of programming capabilities for the sound designer.
Introduction
The PCM 90 contains a built-in library of 250 reverb effects that simulate realistic
halls, rooms and plates, and let you create completely natural, or other-worldly
spaces. The presets are organized into 5 Banks of 50, and are functionally
grouped for different applications. Be sure to experiment with all 250 presets to
get a feel for the full range of PCM 90 capabilities.
Bank P0 Halls
0.0-0.9 Orchestral
1.0-1.9 Vocal
2.0-2.9 Live Sound
3.0-3.9 Instrument
4.0-4.9 Custom
Bank P1 Rooms
0.0-0.9 Instrument
1.0-1.9 Vocal
2.0-2.9 Live Sound
3.0-3.9 Drums&Perc
4.0-4.9 Custom
Bank P2 Plates
0.0-0.9 Instrument
1.0-1.9 Vocal
2.0-2.9 Live Sound
3.0-3.9 Drums&Perc
4.0-4.9 Custom
Bank P3 Post
0.0-0.9 Indoor Small
1.0-1.9 Indoor Large
2.0-2.9 Outdoor
3.0-3.9 Spatial
4.0-4.9 Custom
A program sorting function allows you to tag programs with KeyWords and
display only programs which have been tagged. (Press Program Banks or
Register Banks repeatedly to step through all available banks and then to the
KeyWord display.) The default KeyWord selection, A to Z, allows you to view all
of the presets in alphabetical order. Others allow you to view, for example, only
Acoustic or Spatial effects. Each preset has already been assigned from 1 to
4 KeyWords — you can easily change these assignments in Edit mode. The
selection of the KeyWord you want to use for sorting is accessed in Control
mode.
Each preset has one or more of its parameters patched to the front panel
ADJUST knob, giving you instant control over the primary aspect of the effect
— without going into Edit mode.
The Presets
Bank P4 Splits
0.0-0.9 Mono
1.0-1.9 Stereo
2.0-2.9 Live Sound
3.0-3.9 Instrument
4.0-4.9 Custom
Program Sorting
Soft Control
As many as four additional Custom Controls can be created for any effect,
allowing you to tailor presets for specific applications. We've created some
interesting Custom Controls in the presets, and assigned them descriptive
names. You can change both the parameter assignments and the names in Edit
mode.
The PCM 90 uses 5 stereo algorithms to create different types of reverb effects.
Each algorithm includes an uncompromised stereo reverb effect with selected
"tools" for ambience, post-processing, compression/expansion, as well as
modulation and patching parameters which are common to each algorithm.
The Algorithms
Tempo Control
The PCM 90 gives you a unique set of tempo controls.Tempos can be tapped
in with the front panel Tap button (or an assigned controller) or “dialed-in”, in
BPM (beats per minute) on the display. The PCM 90 also lets you generate MIDI
clock from your tempo, as well as receive MIDI tempo from an external
sequencer or drum machine. In the PCM 90, tempo can control LFO speeds and
Time Switch controls, as well as all delay parameters, ensuring that all of your
modulations are in tempo with your music. You can even set independent
rhythmic values for different parameters within a single program.
Tempo can be set and displayed in either rhythmic value or time values. Many
presets have delay times assigned to Tap tempo. Try loading some of these and
pressing Tap twice in rhythm to change tempo.
Editing
An enormous range of editing control is provided for each algorithm, with
parameters organized in an edit matrix. In addition to providing this powerful
sound design capability, the PCM 90 also allows you to customize these controls
for your day-to-day editing needs, or to use a subset of controls specially
designed for each preset.
The PCM 90 has two levels of Edit Mode control called Go mode and Pro mode.
In Go mode, the most useful parameters within an effect are grouped for instant
access via the front panel Edit button. Parameters can even be grouped for
control by a single master control. These master parameters, called Custom
Controls, can be labeled with names that describe their function. Each preset
has a specially selected set of Go mode parameters which let you make value
changes to the effect without losing the character of the sound. Pro mode gives
you access to the full parameter editing matrix for the algorithm of any loaded
effect when you press Edit. In this mode, you can access a complete set of
Modulation and Patching parameters, create your own ADJUST knob patch,
create Custom Controls, and assign your own Go mode parameters.
A unique Patching and Modulation system provides unprecedented control over
your effects, with a versatile set of internal modulators: two LFOs, AR Envelope,
Envelope Follower, Latch and Time Switches, MIDI Delay and Sample and Hold.
These allow you to create modulation sweeps which move in time with music,
or animated effects. You can create as many as 10 patches per effect, each with
as many as 8 pivot points. You can patch multiple parameters to a single
controller, or patch multiple sources to a single destination.
User Interface
For all of its programming power and flexibility, you’ll find the PCM 90 simple to
use. The large, 2-line fluorescent display is easy to see from any angle whether
the surroundings are bright or dark. Separate SELECT and ADJUST knobs
make program loading and editing quick and easy. We’ve even designed in a
special Info mode — press and hold any button to find out what its function is,
or to get status information such as the name of the running effect, current tempo
rate, etc.
To get the most out of the PCM 90, we suggest that you invest the time to explore
this manual. We think you’ll agree that the time spent investigating will reward
you with enjoyment of its full capabilities.
Product Overview
1
Product Overview
Block Diagram
1-1
PCM 90 User Guide
Front Panel Overview
HEADROOM
5-position indicator for
analog and digital signal levels and overload conditions.
INPUT
Adjusts analog input
level.
Display
Two rows of 20 alphanumeric characters
display effect names
and ID numbers, and
parameter names and
values.
ADJUST
In Edit mode, changes
values of parameters
chosen with SELECT.
With Program Banks
or Register Banks selected, behaves as a
soft knob for patched
parameters.
SELECT
Scrolls through presets, registers or parameters. With Program Bank or Register
Bank selected, scrolls
through the 50 programs in the selected
bank, then begins
scrolling through the
programs in the next
bank. With Edit selected, scrolls through
matrix parameters.
Lexicon
POWER
On/Off.
Memory Card
Slot for optional preset
ROM or register RAM
cards. Press Eject
button to remove card.
Up/Down
Press to move up and
down through program
and register banks, or
a parameter matrix.
Program Banks
Enables selection of
factory presets. Press
repeatedly to cycle
selection of 5 internal
preset banks and a
KeyWord sorted display. Press and hold
to display the name
and algorithm of the
current program.
Load/✱
In Program or Register mode, loads the
selected program. In
Edit mode, scrolls
through any multi-field
parameter.
Register Banks
Enables selection of
user memory. If a RAM
card is loaded into the
Memory Card slot,
each press of this button selects a new register bank. Press and
hold to display the
name and algorithm of
the current program.
Store
Initiates register store
function.
Edit
Enables parameter
selection for editing of
values.
Compare
Active in Program,
Register, and Edit
modes. Press to compare the active version
of the current effect
with the most recently
stored version.
Control
Enables selection of
system and global parameters.
Bypass
Bypasses or mutes
audio, depending on
the setting of each
program's bypass parameter.
Tempo
Press to display tempo
rate and to initiate
tempo functions. LED
flashes in time with
current tempo rate.
Tap
Sets tempo. Press
twice in rhythm to establish tempo rate.
Press once to reset
LFO.
1-2
Product Overview
Rear Panel Overview
AC Power
Standard 3-pin IEC
power connector. 100240V, 50-60Hz automatic switching to correct voltage range.
S/PDIF In/Out
S/PDIF format digital
connectors conform to
CP-340 Type II and
IEC-958 consumer
standards.
MIDI
IN
Receives MIDI information from other
MIDI equipment such
as master keyboard
controllers, MIDI foot
controllers, sequencers and synthesizers.
THRU
Passes received MIDI
data without change.
OUT
Transmits MIDI data to
other equipment.
Balanced Outputs
Output impedance is
125Ω, each side, balanced, and levels up to
+18dBu maximum full
scale. 1/4" phone connectors and XLRs provided.
Footswitch
1/4" Tip/Ring/Sleeve
phone jack for two independent momentary footswitches
Input Level
2-position (In/Out)
switch for matching input gain to the source
being used. In position
adds 20dB of input
gain (unbalanced) to
the input stages. Out
position provides 0dB
of gain (balanced).
Foot Controller
1/4" Tip/Ring/Sleeve
phone jack provided
for footpedal with
10kΩ to 100Ω impedance.
Balanced Inputs
Combined 3 pole XLR
and 1/4" jacks, electronically balanced.
Input impedance is
50kΩ unbalanced,
and 100kΩ balanced.
Inputs accept input
levels from -22dBu to
+20dBu.
1-3
PCM 90 User Guide
Installation Notes
Lexicon
Mounting
Power Requirements
Audio Connections
The PCM 90 uses one EIA-standard rack space, and can be mounted on any
level surface or in a standard 19 inch (483 mm) rack. If the PCM 90 is mounted
in a rack or road case, support the rear of the chassis to prevent possible
damage from mechanical shock and vibration.
The maximum ambient operating temperature is 104°F (40°C). Provide adequate ventilation if the PCM 90 is mounted in a closed rack with heat-producing
equipment such as power amplifiers.
The PCM 90 is equipped with a 3-pin IEC power connector and detachable cord.
The PCM 90 will operate with power sources from 100 to 240 volts AC, 50-60Hz.
Power switching to actual line voltage is automatic.
Analog Audio
For best performance, maintain balanced connections, and use high-quality,
low-capacitance, twisted-shielded pair cable.
When connecting to single-ended, unbalanced devices, connect the low side to
signal ground at the unbalanced piece of equipment. Output level does not
change when connected to an unbalanced input.
Mono Applications
Use a Y-connector inserted at the analog inputs and outputs to have the signal
summed to mono.
Control Connections
1-4
NOTE
Be careful to keep input and output to all channels wired consistently. Out-ofphase wiring can produce audible effects.
Digital Audio
S/PDIF (CP-340 Type II) Consumer Digital Audio I/O. 75Ω coaxial cable suited
for digital audio or video signals is required. Audio grade cable is not suitable.
Dual Footswitch/Foot Controller
One 1/4 inch T/R/S phone jack is provided for 2 momentary footswitches.
Another 1/4 inch T/R/S phone jack is provided for a footpedal (minimum 100Ω
to maximum 10kΩ impedance). Normally open or normally closed momentary
switches are suitable. At power on, the PCM 90 assumes the switch is off. Use
shielded, twisted-pair cable with shield connected to sleeve. See diagram on
previous page.
MIDI
5-pin DIN connectors are provided for MIDI IN, THRU and OUT. Use standard
5-pin DIN MIDI cable assemblies, available from your local dealer.
Product Overview
The PCM 90, with both analog and digital input and output connections, requires
some attention to proper setting of signal level.
Analog inputs are first gain-conditioned by the rear panel input gain switch, and
then by the front panel INPUT knob. Proper setting of both the switch and knob
are important for best performance of the A/D converter.
Analog and digital sources are selected in Control mode (0.0 Audio Input
Source). The selections are: Digital, Analog 48kHz and Analog 44.1kHz.
Proper setting of Input level on the PCM 90 is dependent on:
• Proper signal level into the analog front end to avoid signals causing overload
at the DSP input (rear panel Input Level button),
• Proper adjustment of the signal level into the analog-to-digital converter to
optimize noise and avoid overload (front panel INPUT knob),
• Proper setting of signal level into the digital signal processor to optimize noise
(InLvl parameter in each algorithm).
Headroom Display
The headroom display provides both headroom and overload information from
a variety of measurement points. The meters display analog or digital input data,
depending on the selected Audio Input Source (Control mode 0.0).
The chart below illustrates the adjustment range that will set input levels for both
balanced and unbalanced operation.When a choice can be made, it is best to
operate at the higher amplitude end of the recommended range to optimize
noise performance.
Setting Audio Levels
Unbalanced Balanced
overload: >+20dBu > 0dBu
acceptable: +20dBu to -2dBu 0dBu to -22dBu
too low (noisy): <-2dBu <-22dBu
Overload
The 0db (overload) indicators will light under the following conditions:
• A/D overload
• overload at any point in effects processing
• input level within 1dB of maximum
For example, level buildup from certain reverberation modes can result in
overload, even when the input A/D or digital receiver data stream is not at full
scale. Such conditions are most often caused by a combination of extreme
parameter settings. Adjusting parameter/level settings can eliminate these
overload conditions.
1-5
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Setting Input Levels
1. Press Control.
2. Press Up or Down until the leftmost digit in the lower lefthand corner of the
display is 0.
3. Turn SELECT to 0.0 Audio Input Source.
4. Turn ADJUST to select Analog: 48kHz or Analog: 44.1kHz.
5. Adjust the front panel INPUT knob so that program material level peaks
cause the headroom display to reach the top of the column without lighting
the overload indicators. An occasional large signal peak causing momentary
flashing of the overload indicator is acceptable in most instances, but should
be validated by listening to the actual result.
6. Turn ADJUST to select Dig:. The display will show any valid digital format
which is properly connected to the PCM 90 rear panel digital input.
Setting Analog Output Level
While still in Control mode, turn SELECT to 0.3 Output Level. The Output Level
parameter has two range positions. The appropriate position depends on the
level handling capability of the device connected to the analog outputs. Devices
capable of handling outputs with peak levels of 18dBu require setting Output
Level to the +4dBu setting. Devices which cannot handle peak levels greater
than +4dBu require the -10dBu setting.
1-6
Effects Send (R)
Effects Send (L)
Channel Input or
Effects Return (R)
Channel
Input or
Effects
Return (L)
Product Overview
Configurations
Connection to a
mixing console's
effects sends
If you will be using a PCM 90 as your primary effects unit, and your system
includes a console with one or more auxiliary (effects) sends, connect the PCM
90 as shown above. In most applications, it is preferable to connect the PCM
90 outputs to two of the console's input channel strips, panned full left and right,
rather than to the effects returns. This allows the greatest flexibility in routing and
equalization.
In this configuration the console controls are used to set the amount of effect
heard—the PCM 90's MIX control should be set for 100% wet. To assign a global
MIX setting:
1. Press Control.
2. Press Up or Down until 1.x is displayed in the lower left of the display and
System is displayed on the upper line.
3. Turn SELECT until System Mix Mode is displayed on the upper line. 1.1 will
be displayed in the lower left.
4. Turn ADJUST until the lower line reads:
1.1 ✱ Global
5. Press Load /✱ to show the current global setting of MIX; use ADJUST to set
it to 100% wet.
1-7
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Memory Cards
Memory cards can be used to store
PCM 90 registers, or setups.
You can use Memory cards to store as many as 1000 PCM 90 registers (20
banks of 50 — on a 1 Meg card). Registers stored on a properly formatted card
will be recognized whenever the card is inserted, and can be accessed via the
front panel Register Banks button, exactly as internal registers.
Memory cards can also be used to store "setups" (your system configuration,
as set in Control mode). As many as 5 PCM 90 setups can be stored on a card,
allowing you to transport not only your effects, but complete PCM 90 environments to another PCM 90. Cards also provide storage for additional program
maps and effect chains.
See Control Mode Store and Load functions for details on saving setups on a
card and reloading them.
Memory cards must be of the following type:
PCMCIA SRAM Memory Card — 68 pin, Type I
Usable densities: 64 kByte
128 kByte
256 kByte
1 MByte (Cards larger than 1MByte can be used,
but the PCM 90 will only make use of 1MByte.)
Access Time: 250 nsec or faster
Conforms to PCMCIA 2.0/JEDIA 4.1. Can use either 8-bit or 8/16-bit bus configuration.
Attribute memory can be present, but is not used.
1-8
Basic Operation
2
The PCM 90 provides a wide range of control over an extraordinary set of reverb
effects. All of the controls are easily accessed from the front panel and are
described in detail in this section.
The PCM 90 has five basic modes of operation, each of which is selected by
pressing a front panel button (Program Banks, Register Banks, Edit, Control
and Tempo). Each of these first four mode buttons has an LED which lights when
the mode is active. The Tempo LED (unless you elect to have this function turned
off) flashes the current tempo. When Tempo mode is active, no other mode
LEDs will be lighted.
The PCM 90 is always operating in one of these modes.
Here, the lighted LED indicates that Control mode is active.
The five mode buttons give you the first level of access to all of the functions and
parameters in the PCM 90.
Basic Operation
Modes of Operation
• Press Program Banks repeatedly to access five banks of 50 factory presets
and a KeyWord mode where programs can be viewed according to type. The
PCM 90's KeyWord function is activated in Control mode.
• Press Register Banks repeatedly to access two banks of 50 memory
locations, called registers, where you can store your customized effects.
Memory cards can be used for storage of additional banks of registers. When
a formatted memory card containing stored registers is inserted, pressing
Register Banks repeatedly will cycle through both the internal and the card
banks. Registers can be sorted and viewed according to type when the PCM
90's KeyWord function is activated in Control mode.
• Press Edit to access all of the available parameters for the currently running
effect.
• Press Control to select system parameters, MIDI, card formatting, etc.
• Press Tempo to set tempo-related values that affect the delay time and LFO
rate parameters of the currently-running effect.
2-1
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Navigating a Matrix
Simultaneously pressing
Up and Down will always
return you to 0.0
↑
The Up and Down
buttons move you
vertically through
the rows of the
matrix.
↓
All of the controls available in a mode are arranged in a matrix of up to 10 columns
(numbered 0-9) and 10 rows (each numbered .0-.9). This arrangment allows any
one of as many as 100 parameters to be selected simply by using the SELECT
knob and the Up and Down buttons to select a position in the matrix.
The SELECT knob moves you
horizontally across the matrix.
←
In the Program and Register Banks, the ADJUST knob acts
as a soft knob for adjustment of one or more patched effect
parameters. In the other modes, ADJUST scrolls through the
range of available settings for the control you have selected.
→
An asterisk in the display indicates that
Load /✱ is active and, depending on the
mode, will load effects or display
additional parameters when pressed.
XXXXXXX ✱XXXXXXXXXX
3.6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Your current location in the matrix is shown
in the lower lefthand corner of the display.
2-2
Go or Pro
The PCM 90 offers a choice between two levels of Edit mode parameter access.
We call these Go mode and Pro mode.
Go mode makes use of an extra row in the edit mode matrix called the Soft Row,
where you can assign as many as 10 effect parameters or Custom Controls for
easy access. Selecting Go mode (Control mode 1.0) limits the action of the Edit
button to displaying only the Soft Row parameters assigned to the current effect.
Each preset has a set of Soft Row assignments which we've selected for you (as
well as an assignment for the ADJUST knob and Custom Controls). When
shipped, the PCM 90 will power up in Go mode with the first preset (P0 0.0)
loaded. Press Edit to display the Soft Row of parameters. Press Up or Down
to access a Pro mode selection display.
Pro mode gives you access to the full parameter matrix, including the Soft Row.
Use this mode when you want to do in-depth effects editing or patching, or when
you want to customize Soft Row assignments.
Go mode and Pro mode selection is made in Control mode at matrix location 1.0.
Basic Operation
The PCM 90 offers an extensive set of informative display messages which can
be activated from the front panel.
The front panel switches perform various functions when pressed. Most of these
functions are activated on release of the button. If you want to know more about
the function of a particular button (without actually executing any action) press
and hold the button down. While you are holding down the button, an explanatory
message will appear on the display. The activation of an Info message overrides
the normal function of the button, so that no action is taken on release.
Info messages are displayed when a button is pressed and
held down. Generally, Info messages inform you of the
function of a button, or provide current status information.
Displays the currently loaded effect name,bank, and matrix
location. In Program Banks or Register Banks mode,
simultaneously press and release both buttons to display
the last ten effects loaded.
Displays the current function
assigned to the Up button and
the ADJUST knob.
Displays the current function
assigned to the Down button
and the SELECT knob.
Displays action needed to
perform a store operation or
Memory Protect message when
store function is disabled.
Inactive until an effect has been
altered, then displays "Press to
hear stored effect"
Info
Displays the current tempo and
the clock source (MIDI or
Internal).
Displays the type of system
bypass currently selected,
and the current status (on
or off).
The PCM 90 allows you to review the last ten effects loaded. This is useful when
you want to return to an effect you were using earlier, but can't remember its
name or location. This History view is accessed from Program Banks or Register
Banks mode by simultaneously pressing and releasing both the Program
Banks and the Register Banks buttons. The following display will appear:
The top line of the display
shows the position in the review
list of the displayed effect.
History: 1 back
XX X.X ✱XXXXXXXXXX
The bottom line shows the
bank and matrix location and
the name of the effect.
The label 1 back in the example, means that the effect shown on the bottom line
was running just before the current effect. Turning SELECT to the right will scroll
you through the stored list of effects, all the way to 10 back. Press Load/✱ to load
any of the displayed programs. Press any key to exit.
Note that loading programs from the review display does not update the
historical record, nor does loading from MIDI, Chain or Map. Only program loads
from Programs Banks or Register Banks mode are recorded.
History of Effects Loaded
2-3
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Control Mode
Simultaneously press Up
and Down to return to 0.0.
An asterisk (✱) accompanying a parameter name indicates that there are subparameters available
at that matrix location. The Load /✱ LED will light whenever an asterisk appears in the display. Press
Load /✱ to step to the next subparameter. From any point in the matrix, press Up or Down together
with Load /✱ to backstep to the previous parameter.
Selections of various system states and conditions are made in Control Mode.
Press Control to enter this mode. The Control button LED will light to indicate
that the mode is active. Note that Control Mode functions are not available when
the Compare function is active.
The Control Mode matrix is shown below, followed by descriptions of each
available selection.
Row 0
Audio
Note: Although the PCM 90 will
detect AES professional format
signals, it is designed to be used
with S/PDIF input. If your digital
input is not S/PDIF, please be
alert for locking problems and
other potential errors, and be
prepared to take the necessary
steps to provide the correct format input signal.
2-4
0.0 Input Source
The PCM 90 can use its own internal clock as a timing reference, or it can
reference an external clock source from the rear panel S/PDIF jack. Use
ADJUST to select Dig, Analog: 48kHz or Analog: 44.1kHz. When either analog
rate is selected, the digital input is disabled. To process audio from the digital
input, you must select Dig.
When Dig is selected, and the PCM 90 detects valid digital audio, the rate of the
external word clock will be displayed with a label indicating the digital audio
format type: Prf (Professional) or Cns (Consumer, also called S/PDIF).
Audio ✱Input Source
0.0 Dig: Prf 44.1kHz
When the PCM 90 is receiving valid digital audio, selecting Input Source
will display the audio format and the rate of the incoming signal.
Audio ✱Input Source
0.0 Dig: Cns 48kHz
When digital clock is selected, any loss of lock detected in the incoming digital
audio, or reception of non-audio data will cause the digital input to be muted. An
error message will be displayed if this occurs. The PCM 90 will repeatedly try to
establish lock. If a valid signal is detected, the PCM 90 will unmute and resume
passing audio. The PCM 90 will always generate a valid wordclock at its digital
output, even if no clock is detected at the input. The frequency of the generated
wordclock will match the most recent operating sample rate.
The following types of errors are detected when the PCM 90 is set to Dig:
No Lock: The PCM 90, at some point, lost lock to the incoming digital
audio signal. Digital audio input is muted.
Out of Range: The sampling rate of the incoming audio signal is outside of
acceptable tolerance limits of +4%. Digital audio input is
muted.
Non Audio: Indicates transmission of non-audio data, such as from a CD
ROM. Digital audio input is muted.
CRC: The error is reported, but incoming audio is accepted.
Dig In Status
Pressing Load/✱ from Input Source will display the current digital input status.
This status display is continuously updated, acting as a real-time monitor of the
PCM 90 digital input. This display is active even when the PCM 90 is set to
Internal clock. Note that in the case of an AES Pro format signal, "Emphasis"
means either CCITT or 50/15µs emphasis.
Basic Operation
If valid digital audio is detected, the display will show the external clock rate and
format information, along with the status of the Emphasis bit(s) in the incoming
audio signal. If the PCM 90 has lost lock, the display message will indicate "No
Lock" and parenthetically show the internal clock rate now in use.
Audio ✱Dig In Status
0.0 Prf 44.1 Emp:Yes
When the PCM 90 loses lock, it will mute the digital input.
Audio ✱Dig In Status
0.0 NoLock (Int:44.1)
Error Log
The following errors are continuously logged and are available for review by
pressing Load/✱ from the Dig In Status display and using ADJUST to scroll
through the error list.
Validity: A Validity error indicates that the Validity bit was set in a frame
of incoming data and that the data attached to it may be
corrupted. This bit may also be sent when the transmitting device
is paused.
Confidence: The PCM 90 is detecting excessive jitter or noise on the digital
SlipSample: Indicates that a single sample is misaligned with the window
audio line. No data has been corrupted, but corrective action
should be taken.
defined by the Input Source. This may occur when an external
master changes sample rate, or when it is just powering up, but
should not occur in normal operation. (This type of error is
reported for reference only, as the PCM 90 does not accept
digital data when using its own internal clock.)
Upon loss of lock, or reception of nonaudio data, the PCM 90 will mute the
digital input and display the following
messages when Input Source or Dig
In Status is selected:
Input Source Dig In Status
Not Locked No Lock (Int 44.1)
Out of Range No Lock (Int 44.1)
Non Audio: 44.1 Non Audio: 44.1
2-5
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
CRC: Indicates a Cyclic Redundancy Check error in the incoming data.
Parity, Biphase: Indicate that at least one bit (and therefore at least one audio
sample) was corrupted.
Parity, Biphase, and Confidence errors are most often caused by
inappropriate cabling. Be sure to use 75Ω video-grade cable,
kept as short as possible — standard audio cable will not work
reliably.
Each error is reported by name, with the number of occurrences of that particular
type of error. The display might show, for example "CRC: 4752". As many as
9999 instances of each error can be shown. If the number of actual errors
exceeds 9999, the display will indicate ">9999". A special symbol (■) before the
error type indicates the most recently received error.
Press Load/✱ from the Dig In Status display and use ADJUST to scroll through the Error
Log.
A typical Error Log display showing that the last
error received was a CRC error (■ CRC) and
that there have been more than (>) 9999 instances of CRC errors since Word Clock was
last set to Ext.
Audio ✱Error Log
0.0 ■ CRC >9999
To clear the Error Log, reselect Dig from the Control Mode Input Source
display. This will cause the PCM 90 to attempt to lock to the current external
source and will reset the Error Log. The log is also cleared on power up, and
whenever it relocks (Auto Lock On).
2-6
0.1 SCMS
Digital audio signals, in order to comply with copyright standards, are encoded
with control information which can limit the ability to copy audio data. This control
information is generally known as SCMS (Serial Copy Management System).
Under this system, you can choose to have the audio material processed by the
PCM 90 encoded to allow one of three levels of copy restriction. To make your
selection, use ADJUST to select No Copy, One Copy, or Multi Copy.
0.2 Emphasis Bit
The Emphasis control allows you to explicitly set the emphasis "flag" in the digital
audio, or to pass along the incoming signal without changing its emphasis
coding. (The PCM 90 does not perform any emphasis or de-emphasis as part
of its signal processing.) The choices available with ADJUST are: Yes, No, and
Pass Thru.
0.3 Output Level
This control allows you to select the maximum output level at the PCM 90's
analog outputs. Use ADJUST to select +4 dBu, or –10 dBu.
Exercise care when switching this control, as a 14dB level change
instantly occurs when going from -10dBu to +4dBu.
1.0 Edit Mode
The PCM 90 has been designed with a "plug and play" feature called Go mode.
In this mode, the most useful parameters of each effect are grouped together in
a single row which is available whenever you press Edit.
Each PCM 90 preset has a set of Go mode parameters which we've selected for
you. When shipped, the PCM 90 will power up in Go mode, with the first preset
(P0 0.0) loaded. Press Edit to display the first available parameter in the Soft
Row.
If you want access to the full parameter matrix for any effect, including the Soft
Row parameters, use ADJUST to select Pro mode. Now, when Edit is pressed,
you can select any parameter for adjustment, and customize any effect with your
own Soft Row assignments. For more information about the Soft Row, see
Editing an Effect later in this chapter.
1.1 Mix Mode
Each PCM 90 effect has its own Mix parameter, with the Mix setting stored as
an integral part of the effect. Mix Mode allows you to override these individual
Mix settings and set a global Mix value for all effects. This is useful when using
a mixing console's controls to set the amount of wet signal in a mix. In such a
case, you can use this control to set all PCM 90 effects to 100% wet.
Basic Operation
Row 1
System
When shipped, the PCM 90 has the Mix Mode set to Pgm. This setting
determines that effects will be loaded with their stored Mix settings, and allows
the individual Mix controls in the edit matrix of each effect to be adjusted from
0-100% Wet. To set a global Mix value, use ADJUST to select Global, press
Load/✱ to display the current value, and use ADJUST to assign any value from
0-100% Wet.
1.2 Tempo Mode
The PCM 90 gives you an exciting new approach to working with delay times and
modulation parameters. Now you can set these parameters in beats, allowing
you to control your effects in a completely musical way. Each PCM 90 effect has
its own Tempo parameters, with tempo settings stored as an integral part of the
effect. These include: Tempo Rate, Tempo Beat, Tempo Source (internal or
MIDI), Tap Duration, and Tap Average. The Global setting here allows you to
override individual Tempo Rate settings with a global value which can then be
changed on the fly.
When shipped, the PCM 90 has the Tempo Mode set to Pgm, with each effect
driven by its own stored tempo rate. To change to a global Tempo Rate, use
ADJUST to select Global, press Load/✱ to display the current tempo in BPM
(beats per minute), then use ADJUST to assign a global tempo value of 40400BPM.
2-7
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Whether Tempo Mode is set to Global or Pgm, you can set a new tempo rate
by pressing the front panel Tap button twice. Alternatively, you can choose to
have tempo set automatically from incoming MIDI clock. The rate you tap, or the
MIDI tempo, will be displayed here.
For more information about working with the tempo parameters, see Tempo
Mode later in this chapter.
1.3 Bypass Mode/Bypass Src
This control alows you to determine the behavior of the PCM 90 when the front
panel Bypass button is pressed. You can also assign an external controller to
perform identically to the front panel button. When the Bypass button is pressed,
the LED will light, and a message indicating bypass type will be displayed.
Pressing Bypass again will turn bypass off.
The choices available via ADJUST are:
AllMute: Mutes both the input and the output signal, giving com-
plete silence.
InputMute: Mutes the input to the PCM 90, allowing the tail of the
effect to ring out. (This is the default setting.)
OutputMute: Mutes the output. Audio signals are still being fed to the
PCM 90, so processed audio returns immediately when
Bypass is turned off.
Bypass: Completely bypasses the PCM 90, passing unproc-
essed audio directly through to the outputs.
2-8
To assign an external controller to perform the selected bypass function, press
Load/✱ to display Bypass Src. Use ADJUST to select a footswitch or any MIDI
controller (or Off). Once a source is selected, it will perform the same function
assigned to the front panel Bypass button.
1.4 Pgm Bypass
This control allows you to determine the behavior of the PCM 90 when a new
effect is loaded. The choices available are: AllMute or Bypass.
1.5 Mem Protect
The PCM 90 provides a memory protection feature to prevent accidental
overwriting of your stored effects. When this control is set to On, pressing the
front panel Store button will cause an error message to be displayed. The PCM
90 is shipped with the Memory Protection function turned Off.
1.6 Auto Load
This control allows you to choose whether PCM 90 effects will be loaded
immediately when selected with SELECT and the Up and Down buttons (On),
or whether they will require a press of the Load/✱ button (Off).
1.7 Patch Update
When a controller is patched to an effect parameter, this control determines
when the controller will take control of the parameter. If Immediate is selected,
stored parameter values will jump to the current controller position when the
effect is loaded. If Delayed is selected, the stored parameter value will remain
in effect until the controller is moved. See Patching later in this chapter.
1.8 KeyWord
For convenient effect sorting, the PCM 90 allows you to assign KeyWords (as
many as four) to each effect. The KeyWord function here allows you to display
effects according to type, or to turn this function off. Turn ADJUST to select an
effect type from the list shown in the sidebar. Press Load/✱ and use ADJUST
to turn the KeyWord function On or Off.
When shipped, the PCM 90 has the KeyWord function turned On, with A to Z
selected. This allows you to view all of the effects in the Program or Register
banks alphabetically. To access this display, press Program Banks or Register
Banks repeatedly to step through all of the available banks. The KeyWord
display will appear after the last bank. Press Control to jump to Control mode,
where you can use ADJUST to select a different KeyWord for sorting. Press
Program Banks or Register Banks to return to the KeyWord display —
resorted according to your new selection.
Most KeyWords (except for User 1-4 which are reserved for your use) have been
assigned to several presets. KeyWords are assigned to effects in Edit mode.
(See Editing an Effect.)
1.9 Initialize
Selecting this control arms the PCM 90 to revert to its factory settings.
This will erase all registers and setups,
and return the PCM 90 to its default states.
If you press Store, the display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). If you
don't want to reinitialize your unit, press any button to cancel the operation. If you
press Store in response to this message, the display will flash "Restoring
original factory settings" and your unit will be reinitialized.
PCM 90 KeyWords
A to Z
Acoustic
Ambience
Ballad
Bright
Broadcast
Cascade
Chamber
Classical
Cncrt Hall
Custom
Dark
Dialog
Drums/Perc
Dynamic
Echo
Film-ADR
Gated
Guitar
Indoor
Instrument
Keyboard
Large
Live PA
Long
Basic Operation
Mastering
Medium
MIDI
Mono
Natural
Orchestral
Outdoor
Plate
RandomHall
Room
Short
Slap FX
Small
Spatial
Special FX
Splits
Stereo
Surround
Tempo
Unnatural
Vocal
User 1
User 2
User 3
User 4
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PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Row 2
Card
2.0 Bank Copy
This control allows you to copy banks of effects from one location to another.
Banks can be copied internally, or to and from PCMCIA Memory Cards. Try, for
example, copying Preset Bank 0 into internal Register Bank R0.
1. Press Store. The following display will appear briefly.
Select and copy
effect banks
The display will then change to show:
Card Bank Copy
2.0 Src: ✱P0 Dst: R0
The asterisk indicates that Src is available for adjustment. ADJUST will
scroll through all available banks, including internal preset and register
banks, as well as any banks on inserted cards. Internal banks are labeled
"P0...P4" and "R0, R1". Card registers will be labeled "C0, C1, C2" etc.
2. Press Load/✱ to move the asterisk to Dst.
Card Bank Copy
2.0 Src: P0 Dst: ✱R0
Now, use ADJUST to select the destination of your copy. Selecting a
register bank here will cause its contents to be erased and overwritten
with the bank you have selected as the source when Store is pressed.
4. Press Store to copy the selected source (in this case Preset Bank 0) into
internal Register Bank R0. The display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press
STORE). Press any button to cancel. Press Store to complete the store
operation.
2.1 Load
This control is provided for future enhancement. It will allow you to load audio
software from a Memory Card simply by inserting the new card and responding
to the display prompts.
2-10
2.2 Format
This control allows you to format a Memory Card for PCM 90 use. (Make sure
the Write Protect switch on the card is set to Off.) Insert an unformatted card (or
one you don't mind erasing), then press Store. The display will ask "Are you
sure?" (Press STORE). Press Store. The following display will appear briefly.
The display will then change as shown below.
Format and name
memory card
This display allows you to assign a name (of 10 characters or less) to the card.
Name: New Card
(press STORE)
A blinking cursor indicates that a particular character is available for changing.
Use ADJUST to select the character you want in that position. Turn SELECT to
move the cursor to another character. Press Store to execute. The display will
ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). Press Store again to complete the
operation. Press any front panel button to cancel.
2.3 Name
This control allows you to rename a formatted card. Insert a formatted card and
press Store. The card name will be displayed with the blinking cursor as shown
above. Use ADJUST to select a new character at the location marked by the
cursor. Turn SELECT to move the cursor to another position. Press Store twice
to execute.
Basic Operation
2.4 Labels
This control allows you to rename Register bank and row labels. Any changes
made here are executed immediately. To rename bank and row labels, press
Store and use ADJUST to display any bank. Press Load/✱ to access the naming
function for the selected bank, then use ADJUST and SELECT to enter a new
bank name.
Press Load/✱ to display the first row in the selected bank. Use ADJUST to select
any other row within the bank. Press Load/✱ to access the naming function for
any displayed row, then use ADJUST and SELECT to enter a new bank name.
Pressing Load/✱ from the row label naming display will jump you back to bank
selection.
PCM 90 Character Set
! “ # $ % & ‘ ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W
X Y Z [ ¥ ] ^ _ ‘ a b c d e f g h i j k l
m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { : } ~ ❚
(space)
The @ and the $ symbols are used to
represent Custom Control values.
2-11
PCM 90 User Guide
Lexicon
Row 3
MIDI
3.0 Reset
This control resets all patched parameters to their previously stored values.
When this control is activated, a MIDI "Reset All Controllers" message is also
transmitted on the current channel by the PCM 90.
3.1 Receive
Turn ADJUST to select OFF, 1-16, or OMNI for receipt of MIDI messages.
3.2 Transmit
Turn ADJUST to select OFF, or 1-16 for transmission of MIDI messages.
3.3 Pgm Change
This control specifies the PCM 90's response to incoming MIDI Program Change
messages. There are four selections available via ADJUST: On, Off, Map and
Chain.
Pgm+ and Pgm –, are available as subparameters in each location. Pgm+ will
load the next higher effect in the current bank, map , or chain. Pgm – will load
the next lower effect. You can select the following sources to activate Pgm+ and
Pgm –:
Off
Footswitch 1
Footswitch 2
•
•
•
MIDI Controller #119
On
Program Change messages 0-49 correspond to PCM 90 Effects 0.0-4.9 in the
current bank. Program Change messages 50—127 are ignored. The current
bank can be changed with MIDI Continuous Controller 32 and Bank Select
Messages as follows:
0–4: Program Banks 0–4
5-6: Internal Register Banks 0-1
7-11: reserved for ROM Card Banks
12-20: Memory Card Banks. The number of banks available on a given
card will vary with its size, as follows:
2-12
Card Size # Banks
64 1
256 5
512 10
1 Meg 20
Off
All Program Change and Bank select messages are ignored.
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