Leica GPS System 500 User Manual

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50403020

GPS System 500

Technical Reference Manual

Version 4.0

English

System GPS500

Congratulations on your purchase of Leica System 500

To use equipment in the permitted manner, please refer to the detailed safety instructions in the User Manual.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Technical Support

Technical Support is provided by Leica Geosystem’s worldwide network of representatives. We are represented in almost every country in the world. A representative directory is available at:

www.leica-geosystems.com

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Symbols used in this manual

Important paragraphs which must be adhered to in practice as they enable the product to be used in a technically correct and efficient manner.

Symbols used in this manual

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

View of chapters

Chapter 1 - Introduction

Chapter 2 - Equipment Setup and Connection

Chapter 3 - Using System 500 without a Terminal

Chapter 4 - TR500 Terminal Overview

Chapter 5 - Configuring the Receiver

Chapter 6 - Jobs and Points

Chapter 7 - Measuring with System 500

Chapter 8 - Coding

Chapter 9 - The CONFIG key

Chapter 10 - Status

Chapter 11 - Applications

Chapter 12 - Utilities

Chapter 13 - Transfer

156

158

232

241

259

273

307

310

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Appendices

321

View of chapters

Contents

1. Introduction ..............................................11

1.1 The GPS Antenna ............................................... 12

1.2 The GPS Receiver............................................... 13

1.3 The TR500 Terminal ............................................ 15

1.4 Data Storage ....................................................... 16

1.5 Batteries/Power Supply ........................................ 18

1.5.1 Charging the Batteries ......................................... 19

2. Equipment Set Up and Connection ....... 20

2.1 GPS Receiver ports ............................................. 21

2.2 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid

Static/Reference on Pillar .................................... 22

2.3 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid

Static/Reference on Tripod .................................. 25

2.4 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic,

Minipack and Pole ............................................... 28

2.5 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic,

All on Pole, Direct Clip of TR500 on to Sensor...... 32

2.6 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic,

All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated ............ 35

2.7 Equipment Setup - Real Time Reference,

single tripod ....................................................... 38

2.8 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Reference,

Two Tripods ...................................................... 41

2.9 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover,

Pole and Minipack ............................................... 44

2.10 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover,

All on Pole, direct clip of TR500 on to Sensor ....... 48

2.11 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover,

All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated ............ 51

2.12 Equipment Setup - Real Time Rover, GIS Rover . 54

2.13 Equipment Setup - Repeater Station and

Repeater Box ...................................................... 58

2.14 Using the Minipack ............................................ 61

2.15 Measuring Antenna Heights ............................... 63

2.15.1 Mechanical Reference Planes ........................... 64

2.15.2 Antenna Height components ............................. 65

2.15.3 Measuring Slope Heights ................................... 69

3. Using System 500 without a Terminal ... 70

3.1 Setting up the Equipment ..................................... 71

3.2 Operation ............................................................ 71

3.3 Shut Down........................................................... 71

3.4 LED Indicators ..................................................... 72

3.4.1 Power LED .......................................................... 72

3.4.2 Satellite Status LED ............................................. 72

3.4.3 Memory Status LED ............................................ 73

3.5 Field Record Sheet .............................................. 73

4. TR500 Terminal Overview ....................... 74

4.1 Screen Layout ..................................................... 75

4.2 Status Icons ........................................................ 77

4.3 Keyboard ............................................................. 82

4.4 General Operating Principles ............................... 83

Contents

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Contents, continued

5. Configuring the Receiver........................ 86

5.1 Configuring the Receiver for Static and Rapid Static

Operations .......................................................... 88

5.1.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Static and Rapid

Static .................................................................... 95

5.2 Configuring the Receiver for Post-Processed

Kinematic Operations .......................................... 99

5.2.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Post-Processed

Kinematic ........................................................... 112

5.3 Configuring the Receiver for Real-Time Reference

Operations ......................................................... 116

5.3.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Real Time

Reference Stations ............................................. 124

5.4 Configuring the Receiver for Real-Time Rover

Operations ........................................................ 127

5.4.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Real Time Rover 148

6. Jobs and Points..................................... 156

6.1 Management of Jobs ......................................... 156

7. Measuring with System 500 ................. 158

7.1 Static and Rapid Static Survey, Post-Processed

Kinematic Reference ......................................... 159

7.1.1 Overview of Procedure ...................................... 160

7.1.2 Adding the Point Id ............................................ 160

7.1.3 Adding the Antenna Height ................................ 161

7.1.4 Adding a Code ................................................... 161

7.1.5 Adding a Starting Time ...................................... 163

7.1.6 Measuring procedure ......................................... 163

7.1.7 Using the ADD key ............................................ 166

7.2 Post-processed Kinematic Survey (Rover) ......... 167

7.2.1 Overview of Procedure ...................................... 168

7.2.2 Adding the Point Id ............................................ 168

7.2.3 Adding the Antenna Height ................................ 169

7.2.4 Adding a Code ................................................... 170

7.2.5 Adding a Starting Time ...................................... 171

7.2.6 Measuring Procedure ........................................ 172

7.2.7 Using the AUTO key .......................................... 174

7.2.8 Using the ADD key ............................................ 174

7.3 Real-Time Reference Stations ........................... 176

7.3.1 Measuring procedure ......................................... 177

7.3.2 Using the ADD key ............................................ 180

7.4 Real-Time Rover, Surveying New Points ............ 181

7.4.1 Overview of Procedure ...................................... 182

7.4.2 Adding the Point Id ............................................ 182

7.4.3 Adding the Antenna Height ................................ 183

7.4.4 Adding a Code ................................................... 184

7.4.5 Adding a Starting Time ...................................... 185

7.4.6 Measurement Procedure ................................... 186

7.4.7 Using the AUTO key .......................................... 190

7.4.8 Using the INIT key ............................................. 193

7.4.9 Using the ADD key ............................................ 194

7.4.10 Using the NEAR key ........................................ 206

7.4.11 Radio Down Infill .............................................. 206

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Contents

Contents, continued

7.5 Real-Time Rover, Staking Out ............................ 208

7.5.1 Entering Stakeout .............................................. 208

7.5.2 Stake-Out Types ................................................ 209

7.5.3 The Stake-Out Screen ....................................... 210

7.5.4 Orientation ......................................................... 211

7.5.5 Polar and Orthogonal ........................................ 215

7.5.6 Using the Reverse function ................................ 216

7.5.7 Using the Redraw function ................................. 217

7.5.8 Picking up a new point ....................................... 217

7.5.9 Using the INIT key ............................................. 217

7.5.10 Using the NEAR key ........................................ 218

7.5.11 Graph .............................................................. 218

7.5.12 Aux Pt .............................................................. 219

7.5.13 Point Stake-Out - Procedure ............................ 220

7.5.14 Slope Stake-Out - Procedure ........................... 222

7.5.15 Grid Stake-Out - Procedure ............................. 226

8. Coding .................................................... 232

8.1 Thematical Coding ............................................. 232

8.1.1 Importing, Selecting and Defining a

Thematical Codelist ............................................ 233

8.1.2 Defining New Codes and Attributes ................... 234

8.1.3 Defining and Activating/Deactivating Layers ...... 235

8.1.4 Adding a Thematical Code to a Point ................. 236

8.2 Free Coding ...................................................... 237

8.2.1 Importing, Selecting and Defining a

Free Codelist ...................................................... 237

8.2.2 Defining New Codes .......................................... 238

8.2.3 Adding a Free Code .......................................... 239

9. The CONFIG Key ................................... 241

9.1 Survey - Satellite ................................................ 242

9.2 General - Units .................................................. 243

9.3 General - Language ........................................... 244

9.4 General - Hot Keys ............................................ 244

9.5 General - Time and Initial Position ...................... 245

9.6 General - Start-Up ............................................. 245

9.7 General - TR500 ................................................ 246

9.8 General - Identification ....................................... 247

9.9 Interfaces ......................................................... 247

9.10 Interfaces - Real-Time ..................................... 247

9.11 Interfaces - NMEA Output ................................ 248

9.12 Interfaces - ASCII Input .................................... 249

9.13 Interfaces - Hidden Point .................................. 253

9.14 Interfaces - GSI/User Out................................. 253

9.15 Interfaces - Remote ......................................... 254

9.16 Interfaces - PPS Out ........................................ 255

9.17 Interfaces - Event Input .................................... 256

10. Status ................................................... 259

10.1 Real-Time Input Status .................................... 259

10.2 Stop and Go Indicator ...................................... 261

10.3 Position ........................................................... 263

10.4 Logging Status ................................................. 266

10.5 Satellite Status ................................................. 267

10.6 Point Log Status .............................................. 269

Contents

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Contents, continued

10.7 Code Log Status .............................................. 270

10.8 Message Log Status ........................................ 270

10.9 Memory/Battery Status ..................................... 270

10.10 Sensor Status ................................................ 271

10.11 Software Version Status ................................. 271

10.12 Interfaces Status ............................................ 272

11. Applications ......................................... 273

11.1 Determining a Coordinate System .................... 273

11.2 Adding Points to Existing Coordinate Systems .. 283

11.3 Point Management ........................................... 284

11.4 Calculator ........................................................ 288

11.5 Wake-up Sessions ........................................... 288

11.6 COGO ............................................................. 290

11.7 Area ................................................................ 303

11.8 Line Division .................................................... 304

12. Utilities ................................................. 307

12.1 Directory of Memory Device ............................. 307

12.2 Format Memory Module ................................... 308

12.3 Enter Security Code ......................................... 309

12.4 Self Test .......................................................... 309

13. Transfer ................................................ 310

13.1 Job .................................................................. 310

13.2 Config Set ....................................................... 310

13.3 Coordinate System ........................................... 311

13.4 Antenna Info ..................................................... 311

13.5 Codelist ............................................................ 311

13.6 ASCII/GSI to Job ............................................ 312

13.7 GSI / User ....................................................... 314

13.8 Geoid Field File................................................ 316

13.9 CSCS Field File ............................................... 316

13.10 Firmware ....................................................... 316

13.11 Firmware TR500 ............................................ 317

13.12 Language Version .......................................... 317

13.13 Application Text .............................................. 317

13.14 Almanac ........................................................ 318

13.15 Account File ................................................... 318

13.16 CFC Log Mask File ........................................ 318

13.17 Beacon Station List ....................................... 319

13.18 Modem/GSM Station List ............................... 319

13.19 System ......................................................... 319

13.20 Any File Type ................................................. 320

Appendix A - Operating and Storage

Temperatures ............................................. 321

Appendix B - Observation Times ............. 322

Appendix C - Seismic Record Format ..... 323

Appendix D - Defined Line File Format ... 324

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Contents

Contents, continued

Appendix E - NMEA Message Formats .... 325

GGA - Global Positioning System Fix Data ............... 327

GGK - Real-Time Position with DOP ........................ 328

GGK(PT) - Real-Time Position with DOP ................. 328

GGQ - Real-Time Position with CQ .......................... 329

GLL - Geodetic Position - Latitude, Longitude ........... 329

GNS - GNSS Fix Data ............................................. 330

GSA - GPS DOP and Active Satellites ..................... 330

GSV - GPS Satellites in View ................................... 331

LLK - Leica Local Position and GDOP ...................... 331

LLQ - Leica Local Position and Quality ..................... 332

VTG - Course Over Ground and Ground Speed ....... 332

ZDA - Time and Date............................................... 333

Appendix F - Pin Assignments and

Sockets ...................................................... 334

Appendix G - Data Device Directory

Structure .................................................... 336

Appendix H - External Devices................. 338

RS232 .................................................................... 339

Radio and Repeaters............................................... 340

GSM ....................................................................... 344

Modem ................................................................... 350

RTB Module (CSI) ................................................... 352

RTS Module (Racal) ................................................ 354

SAPOS ................................................................... 356

Using a SAPOS decoder box ..................................... 356

Using a SMARTgate box ............................................ 357

Using the Telemax Service ......................................... 359

Hidden Point ........................................................... 361

Appendix I - MC500 ................................... 364

Appendix J - RS500 ................................... 369

Appendix K- GS50 / GS50+ and GIS Data

Collection ................................................... 377

Hardware and Accessories ...................................... 378

Compact Flash and Sensor Transfer........................ 382

Operation and Configuration .................................... 383

The CONFIG Key .................................................... 384

The STATUS Key .................................................... 388

Data Collection with the GS50 and GS50+ ............... 389

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1. Introduction

System 500 is used to receive signals from GPS satellites which are then processed to obtain a position on the earth’s surface.

It can be used in many applications, the main ones being Land Survey, Stakeout and Hydrographic Survey.

The main components of System 500 are the GPS Antenna and GPS Receiver. Ancilliary components are the Terminal, Batteries, PC Cards and cables.

SKI-Pro, a PC based software is also used in conjunction with the hardware listed above for post-processing GPS data and for downloading coordinates recorded in the field. Instructions for using SKI-Pro can be found in the accompanying printed guides and online help.

System 500 - main hardware components

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1. Introduction

1.1 The GPS Antenna

There are several System 500 GPS Antennas available. These are:

• AT501 Single Frequency Antenna.

• AT502 Dual Frequency Antenna.

• AT503 Dual Frequency Choke Ring Antenna.

• AT504 JPL Design Dual Frequency Choke Ring Antenna.

• Single Frequency Choke Ring Antenna.

The GPS Antenna is selected for use based upon the application. The vast majority of applications will require the AT501 or AT502 Antenna.

The AT501 is a L1 single frequency antenna. Use it with the SR510 Receiver. The AT502 is a dual frequency antenna. Use it with the SR520 or SR530 Receiver.

The Choke Ring Antennas are designed for use where the utmost precision is required. Typical applications include Static Surveys of long baselines, Tectonic Plate monitoring, Reference Stations, etc.

Use the AT503 and AT504 with the SR520 or SR530 Receiver. Use the Single Frequency Choke Ring with the SR510 Receiver.

Also available is a combined GPS/ RTB or GPS/ RTS antenna. Refer to Appendix K for further information.

AT502 Antenna

1. Introduction

AT504 Antenna

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1.2 The GPS Receiver

The GPS Receiver is the instrument that processes the GPS signals received by the GPS Antenna.

There are six different models of GPS receiver in System 500. The model number is printed on the PC card lid.

See the detailed descriptions of each of these receivers given down below.

SR510 - Tracks the L1 C/A code and uses it to reconstruct the carrier phase. Data can be stored for postprocessing in SKI-Pro. Baselines can be calculated with a precision of up to about 5-10mm +2ppm.

With a radio modem attached the receiver can be used for real-time measurements accepting RTCM code corrections. Coordinates can be calculated with a precision of up to about 0.5m.

SR520 - Tracks the L1 C/A code and L2 P-code to reconstruct the carrier phase. When Anti-Spoofing (A-S) is activated, the receiver switches to a patented P-code aided tracking technique that provides full L2 carrier measurements and L2 pseudoranges. Data can be stored for post-processing. Baselines can be calculated with a precision of up to about 3-10mm +1ppm.

With a radio modem attached the receiver can be used for real-time measurements accepting RTCM code corrections. Coordinates can be calculated with a precision of up to about 0.5m.

SR530 - Tracks the L1 C/A code and L2 P-code to reconstruct the carrier phase. When Anti-Spoofing (A-S) is activated, the receiver switches to a patented P-code aided tracking technique that provides full L2 carrier

measurements and L2 pseudoranges. A radio modem attaches and the receiver can be used for RTK operations. Coordinates can be calculated with a precision of up to about 1cm

Data can also be stored for postprocessing. Baselines can be calculated with a precision of up to about 3-10mm +1ppm.

System 500 GPS Receivers can be operated with or without the TR500 Terminal (see section 1.3). The TR500 is used for field data acquisition and for configuring the receiver.

Details of using the Receiver without a Terminal are given in Chapter 3.

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1. Introduction

MC500 - A ruggedized version of the SR530 designed specifically for Machine Control. Can also be utilised as a dedicated GPS Reference Station. Please refer to Appendix I for specific details.

RS500 - A dedicated GPS Reference Sation receiver designed for permanent installation. Please refer to Appendix J for specific details.

GS50 - This receiver has been specifically designed for GIS applications. Please refer to Appendix K for more information that is specific to the GS50 and the corresponding PCsoftware GIS DataPRO.

1. Introduction

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1.3 The TR500 Terminal

The TR500 Terminal provides a full user interface to all System 500 GPS Receivers.

It can be used to set parameters in the receiver and to steer the GPS measurement operation.

The TR500 can be used to set and store parameters in one GPS receiver and then removed and used to set parameters in another System 500 receiver. The receiver can then be used in the field without the TR500 attached. Note that whilst this is possible when measuring in any mode, for a Reference or Rover, it is recommended that the Receiver only be used without a TR500 at Reference stations or with Static/Rapid Static Rovers.

The TR500 is connected either directly to the receiver or via a cable.

Data input is via a fully alphanumeric QWERTY keyboard and an LCD display of 32 x 12 characters which may be illuminated.

TR500 mounted on the Receiver TR500 connected using the cable

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1. Introduction

1.4 Data Storage

Data is stored on either an Internal Memory or PC Card. The PC Card is the preferred data storage medium. The Internal Memory is an option.

The PC Card is inserted into the slot on the front of the GPS Receiver. PC Cards are available from Leica with varying capacities. Note that whilst other PC Cards may be used, Leica recommend Leica PC cards only and cannot be held responsible for data loss or any other error that may occur whilst using a non-Leica card.

To insert the PC Card in the GPS Receiver, open the card slot door, with the Leica Logo uppermost and facing you, slide the card into the slot firmly until it clicks into position. Press the eject button at the side of the card to remove it.

The Internal Memory is available in 8MB or 16MB capacities and resides in the Receiver. When data has to be downloaded to SKI-Pro, connection is made between port 2 on the Receiver and a serial port on the PC.

The memory device is checked before starting a survey. If it is more than 80% full, an information message appears.

Follow the care instructions shown on the rear of the card. Keep the card dry, only use within the specified temperature range, do not bend the card and protect it from direct shock. Failure to follow these instructions could result in data loss and/or permanent damage to the card.

The card can become very hot during use. Avoid touching the metal parts of the card after prolonged use.

Inserting the PC Card

1. Introduction

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

PC Card versus Internal Memory

The PC Card is the preferred data storage medium as it has the following advantages over internal memory:

• Faster download times. A PC Card download using a PC Card Reader or PCMCIA port is virtually instantaneous. Internal memory has to download through a serial connection and can take time.

• Flexibility / no downtime of GPS Receiver. A PC Card can be removed from a receiver when it is full and replaced with a spare. The Receiver does not have to be taken back to the office for downloading.

Using an Internal Memory means however that the data has less chance of being misplaced or lost. This can happen when multiple PC Cards are used for the same project.

If you are not sure about which type of memory to use, try using a PC card but don’t remove it from the Receiver. You can still download as if it were Internal Memory through any port.

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1. Introduction

1.5 Batteries/Power Supply

System 500 will normally be powered by two GEB121 camcorder type batteries. which plug into the underside of the GPS receiver.

Two batteries, fully charged, will power the SR510 and TR500 for about 7.5 hours continuously and the SR520/530 for about 6 hours continuously.

Operating times will be shorter when working in cold weather and when a radio modem is connected.

Plug in and remove the GEB121 batteries as shown opposite.

System 500 can also be powered by the GEB71 7Ah battery or any 12V DC power supply via either power port, on the front face of the receiver using an appropriate cable.

Connecting a GEB121 Battery

With the Receiver upside down and the Leica logo on the battery facing you, locate one end into the battery bay. Press the opposite end of the battery down until it audibly clicks into place.

The battery contains toxic material and must be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. Do not dispose of the battery in normal household or office waste.

Removing a GEB121 Battery

Pull and hold the battery catch. Withdraw the battery with the other hand.

1. Introduction

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

1.5.1 Charging the Batteries

GEB121 Batteries

GEB121 Batteries can be charged using the GKL122 or GKL111 battery chargers. The preferred model is the GKL122.

GEB71 Batteries

GEB71 Batteries can be charged using the GKL122 battery charger only.

Chargers

The GKL122 is an intelligent charger. It will charge the batteries by the exact amount required. This maximizes battery life. The GKL122 can charge up to 2 GEB121 batteries at once. The GDI121 extension plate enables a further two batteries to be charged from the same charger at the same time.

Additionally, the GKL122 can charge up to two GEB71 batteries.

The GKL111 battery charger is a simple charger. It will charge one GEB121 battery at a time. It will charge the batteries by the exact amount required. This maximizes battery life.

The batteries are delivered

from the factory totally discharged. They will require a full charging cycle before the equipment can be used. For full instructions on battery charging, refer to the manual accompanying the charger you are using.

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1. Introduction

2. Equipment Set Up and Connection

The type of equipment set up that is used will vary with the type of site occupation and the measuring mode. This also applies to the way in which the various components are connected together. There are optimal solutions for setting up the equipment on a tripod, in a backpack and on the pole.

Set up on Tripod

Set up on Unipole

2. Set-up and Connection

Set up on pole with Minipack

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2.1 GPS Receiver ports

All other components of System 500 connect to the GPS Receiver.

The TR500 Terminal fits either directly on the Receiver or can be connected to the Terminal port using a cable.

A Radio Modem in a housing can also be fitted directly to the Receiver. Alternatively, if the housing is not being used, the radio modem can be connected to Port 1 or Port 3 using a cable.

The Antenna is connected to the Receiver via the ANT Port.

External power can be connected via a cable through Port 2.

PORT 3

EVENT1

OFF

TERMINAL

PWR

PPS

46 8910

1. Port 3. 8 pin Lemo.Power/data in/out

2. Event Input 1 (Optional)

3. 5 pin Lemo. Power

4. Power ON/OFF

5. PPS Output (Optional)

6. GPS Antenna in

7. Event Input 2 (Optional)

SR530 Receiver, front panel

LEICA SR530

EVENT2

PORT 1PORT 2/PWRANT

8. Port 2. 5 pin Lemo. Power/data in/out.

9. Pressure equalisation vent.

10. Port 1. 8 pin Lemo. Power/data in/out.

11. PC Card door.

12. Terminal in/out or Remote Interface in/out.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.2 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid Static/Reference on Pillar

Use

Static/Rapid Static operations or as Reference for Kinematic.

The Receiver and TR500 (if used) can be assembled to make one unit. One connection is made to the GPS Antenna which is mounted on the Pillar. The Receiver and TR500 can be kept in the case. Note that the Receiver can be programmed with the TR500 prior to use which can then be omitted from the set up.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. GPS Antennas are AT501 or AT502. Procedures/

setup may vary if AT503, 504 or single frequency choke ring are used.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501, 502, 503,

504 or 505

2. GRT146 Carrier

3. GDF122 or GDF112 Tribrach

4. Pillar Plate (if required)

5. GEV120 2.8m Antenna Cable

6. 2, GEB121 Batteries

7. SR510/520/530 GPS Receiver

8. TR500 Terminal (if required)

9. MCF XMB-3 PC Flash Card.

10. GVP602 System 500 Transport

Case.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

Procedure

1. If a pillar plate is being used,

locate it on the pillar.

2. Screw the tribrach to the pillar

plate or the pillar. Level the tribrach.

3. Place and lock the GRT146

Carrier in the Tribrach.

4. Screw the Antenna onto the

Carrier.

5. Check that the Tribrach is still

level.

6. Connect the GPS Receiver to

the Antenna using the GEV120 Antenna cable.

7. Plug the GEB121 batteries into

the GPS Receiver.

8. Attach the TR500 Terminal to

the Receiver if required.

9. Insert the PCMCIA Flash Card

into the Receiver.

10. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button.

11. The Receiver can be placed in

the Transport Case for additional protection.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is not being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 3.

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When Using the GAD31

adapter and GRT144 carrier, ensure that the Antenna and GAD31 assembly slide down the full length of the GRT144 stub. An incorrectly mounted Antenna will have a direct effect on your results.

In wet conditions the Re-

ceiver can be placed in the transport case during use for extra protection. Try to shut the case as completely as possible.

If the Receiver is left in the

case during use in temperatures exceeding 25°C, the lid should be left open. Refer to Appendix A for operating and storage temperatures.

Use an external battery such

as GEB71 to extend the operating time past 6 hours.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2.3 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid Static/Reference on Tripod

Use

Static/Rapid Static operations or as Reference for Kinematic.

The Receiver and TR500 (if used) can be assembled to make one unit. This clips to the tripod leg or is placed in the transport container. One connection is made to the Antenna. Note that the Receiver can be programmed with the TR500 prior to use which can then be omitted from the set up.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. GPS Antennas are AT501 or AT502. Procedures/

setup may vary if AT503, 504 or single frequency choke ring are used.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or AT502

2. GRT146 Carrier

3. GDF122 or GDF112 Tribrach

4. GST20, GST05 or GST05L

Tripod

5. GZS4 Height Hook

6. GEV120 2.8m Antenna Cable

7. 2, GEB121 Batteries

8. SR510/520/530 GPS Receiver

9. TR500 Terminal (if required)

10.MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA Flash

Card.

11. GVP602 System 500 Transport

Case.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Procedure

1. Set up the tripod.

2. Mount and level the tribrach on

the tripod.

3. Place and lock the GRT146

Carrier in the Tribrach.

4. Screw the Antenna onto the

Carrier.

5. Check that the Tribrach is still

level.

5. Insert the Height Hook into the

Carrier.

6. Connect the GPS Receiver to

the Antenna using the GEV120 Antenna cable.

7. Plug the GEB121 batteries into

the GPS Receiver.

8. Attach the TR500 Terminal to

the Receiver if required.

9. Insert the PCMCIA Flash Card

into the Receiver.

10. Using the hook on the rear of

the unit, hang it on the Tripod leg or place it in the box.

11. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the Receiver.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is not being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 3.

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When Using the GAD31

adapter and GRT144 carrier, ensure that the Antenna and GAD31 assembly slide down the full length of the GRT144 stub. An incorrectly mounted Antenna will have a direct effect on your results.

In wet conditions the Re-

ceiver can be placed in the transport case during use for extra protection. Try to shut the case as completely as possible.

If the Receiver is left in the

case during use in temperatures exceeding 25°C, the lid should be left open. Refer to Appendix A for operating and storage temperatures.

Use an external battery such

as GEB71 to extend the operating time past 6 hours.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.4 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, Minipack and Pole

Use

Post Processed Kinematic Rover. The Receiver is placed in the Minipack. Connections are

made to the Antenna and TR500. Recommended for extended periods of use in the field.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS21 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT27 Holder for TR500

5. GLS20 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GEV141 1.2m Antenna cable

7. GEV142 1.6m Antenna cable

8. TR500 Terminal

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. SR510, 520 or 530 GPS Re-

ceiver

11. GVP603 Minipack

12. MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA flash card

13. GEV97 1.8m, 5pin Lemo cable

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

1. Screw the two halves of the pole

together.

2. Slide the grip onto the pole.

Attach the TR500 holder and tighten the screw.

3. Screw the GPS Antenna to the

top of the pole.

4. Slide the TR500 into the holder

until it clicks into place.

5. Insert the PC Card into the

Receiver and plug in the GEB121 batteries.

6. Place the Receiver front panel

up in the Minipack with the batteries facing outwards. Fasten the strap around the Receiver

7. Connect the GPS Antenna to the

Receiver using the two Antenna cables. Connect the longest cable to the Receiver, pass the cable through the cable brake and down through the opening in the bottom corner of the Minipack flap. Draw the required

amount of cable out of the Minipack and tighten the cable brake. Refer to the diagram.

8. Connect the TR500 to the port

labelled “Terminal” on the Receiver using the 1.8m cable. Pass it through the opening in the bottom of the Minipack flap, down through a cable brake and then plug into the Receiver. Refer to the diagram.

10. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the Receiver.

To GPS Antenna

To Terminal

Connecting the TR500 Terminal and GPS Antenna in the Minipack

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

Ensure a dry plastic weather

protection cap is fitted to the socket on the TR500 that is not connected to the sensor.

If moisture or water should

appear in the socket that is not used on the TR500, allow the socket and plastic weather protection cap to dry naturally.

When using the upper pole

halves with stub, ensure that the Antenna and GAD31 screw/stub adapter slide down the full length of the stub before tightening the locking ring. An incorrectly mounted Antenna will have a direct effect on your results.

Advice on using the Minipack

is given in Section 2.14.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.5 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, All on Pole, Direct Clip of TR500 on to Sensor

Use

Post-processed Kinematic Rover. The TR500 is mounted on the Receiver which is screwed

onto the pole grip. One connection is made from the Receiver to the Antenna. Recommended for short periods of use, especially where there are many obstacles (fences etc.).

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS18 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT26 Holder for GPS Receiver

5. GLS17 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GEV141 1.2m Antenna cable

7. 2, GEB121 Batteries

8. TR500 Terminal

9. SR510, 520 or 530 GPS Re-

ceiver

10. MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA flash card

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

1. Screw the two halves of the pole

together.

2. Slide the grip onto the pole.

Attach the GPS Receiver holder and tighten the screw.

3. Screw the GPS Antenna onto

the top of the pole.

4. Attach the TR500 to the GPS

Receiver. Screw the GPS Receiver to the GPS Receiver holder.

5. Insert the PC Card into the

Receiver and plug in the GEB121 batteries.

6. Connect the GPS Antenna to

the Receiver using the 1.2m antenna cable.

7. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the TR500.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When using the upper pole

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2.6 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated

Use

Post-processed Kinematic Rover. The TR500 is fixed to the pole grip with a holder. With

another metallic holder and a holder piece, the receiver is fixed to the pole. One connection is made from the Receiver to the Antenna. Another connection is made from the Receiver to the TR500. Recommended for short periods of use, especially where there are many obstacles (fences etc.).

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS18 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT27 Holder for TR500

5. GLS17 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GHT37 Holder piece for GPS

Receiver with antenna cable and 5pin Lemo cable

7. GHT26 Holder for GPS Receiver

8. TR500 Terminal

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. SR510, 520 or 530 GPS Re-

ceiver

11. MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA flash card

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

How to set up the equipment

1. Screw the two halves of the pole

together.

2. Slide the grip onto the pole.

Attach the TR500 holder to the grip and tighten the screw.

3. Slide the holder piece for the

GPS Receiver onto the pole. Attach the GPS Receiver holder and tighten the screw.

4. Screw the GPS Antenna onto

the top of the pole.

5. Slide the TR500 into the holder

until it clicks into place.

6. Screw the GPS Receiver to the

GPS Receiver holder.

7. Insert the PC Card into the

Receiver and plug in the GEB121 batteries.

8. Connect the GPS Antenna to the

Receiver using the antenna cable supplied with the GPS receiver holder piece.

9. Connect the TR500 to the port

labelled “Terminal” on the Receiver using the 5 pin Lemo cable.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

10. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the TR500.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When using the upper pole

2. Set-up and Connection

2.7 Equipment Setup - Real Time Reference, single tripod

Use

Real Time Reference Station. May also collect raw observation data for post-processing.

The Receiver and TR500 (if used) can be assembled to make one unit. This clips to the tripod leg. Connections are made to the GPS and Radio Antenna. Note that the Receiver can be programmed with the TR500 prior to use which can then be omitted from the set up.

The Radio Antenna is mounted on the Antenna Arm which clips to the GPS Antenna.

The SR510 and SR520 can only be used as a DGPS reference station if they are fitted with the DGPS option. They cannot be used as a Real-Time Reference station.

The SR530 can be used as either a DGPS or Real-Time reference station. Real-Time and DGPS are fitted as standard on the SR530.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Standard Radio modem is used. (Mounted in Radio

Housing).

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501, 502

2. GRT146 Carrier

3. GDF122 or GDF112 Tribrach

4. SR510/520/530 GPS Receiver

5. TR500 Terminal (if required)

6. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

7. GST20/GST05/05L Tripod

8. GAT1/GAT2 Radio Antenna

9. GAD33 Radio Antenna Arm

10. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

11. GZS4 Height Hook

12. Radio Modem in GFU 5/6

Housing

13. MCF XMB-3 PC card

14. 2, GEB121 Batteries

15. GVP602 Transport Case

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

Follow steps 1-10 as described in section 2.3.

11. Clip the Antenna Arm to the

GPS Antenna. Screw the Radio Antenna onto the Arm.

12. Attach the Radio Modem in its

housing to the GPS Receiver.

13. Connect the Radio Antenna to

the Radio Modem using the

1.2m Antenna Cable.

14. Switch the System On using the

On/Off button on the Receiver.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is not being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 3.

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When Using the GAD31

adapter and GRT144 carrier, ensure that the Antenna and GAD31 assembly slide down the full length of the GRT144 stub. An incorrectly mounted Antenna will have a direct effect on your results.

In wet conditions the Re-

ceiver can be placed in the transport case during use for extra protection. Try to shut the case as completely as possible.

If the Receiver is left in the

case during use in temperatures exceeding 25°C, the lid should be left open. Refer to Appendix A for operating and storage temperatures.

Use an external battery such

as GEB71 to extend the operating time past 6 hours.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2.8 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Reference, Two Tripods

Use

The Radio Antenna is mounted on the second tripod. This increases the height of the Radio Antenna and therefore maximizes radio coverage.

The SR510 and SR520 can only be used as a DGPS reference station if they are fitted with the DGPS option. They cannot be used as a Real-Time Reference station.

The SR530 can be used as either a DGPS or Real-Time reference station. Real-Time and DGPS are fitted as standard on the SR530.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Standard Radio modem is used. (Mounted in Radio

Housing).

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501/502

2. GRT146 Carrier

3. GDF122 or GDF112 Tribrach

4. SR510/520/530 GPS Receiver

5. TR500 Terminal (if required)

6. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

7. GST20\GST05\05L Tripod

8. GZS4 Height Hook

9. Radio Modem in GFU5/6

Housing

10. MCF XMB-3 PC Card

11. GEB121 Batteries

12. GST20\GST05\05L Tripod

13. GHT36 Base for Telescopic Rod

14. GEV120 2.8m Antenna Cable

15. GAT1\GAT2 Radio Antenna

16. GAD34 Short Antenna Arm

17. GAD32 Telescopic Rod

18. GVP602 Transport Case

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

How to set up the equipment

Follow steps 1-10 as described in section 2.3.

11. Attach the Radio Modem in its

housing to the GPS Receiver.

12. Set up the second Tripod

nearby. Screw the Base onto the Tripod. Push the Telescopic Rod into the Base.

13. Screw the Short Antenna Arm

onto the telescopic Rod. Screw the Radio Antenna onto the Arm.

14. Connect the Radio modem to

the Radio Antenna using the

2.8m Antenna cable.

15. Switch the System On using the

On/Off button on the Receiver or Terminal.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is not being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 3.

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When Using the GAD31

adapter and GRT144 carrier, ensure that the Antenna and GAD31 assembly slide down the full length of the GRT144 stub. An incorrectly mounted Antenna will have a direct effect on your results.

In wet conditions the Re-

ceiver can be placed in the transport case during use for extra protection. Try to shut the case as completely as possible.

If the Receiver is left in the

case during use in temperatures exceeding 25°C, the lid should be left open. Refer to Appendix A for operating and storage.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.9 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, Pole and Minipack

Use

The Radio Modem attaches to the Receiver and is placed in the Minipack. Connections are made to the GPS Antenna, Radio Antenna and TR500. Recommended for extended periods of use in the field.

The cables coming from the Minipack can be disconnected in the event that an obstacle (E.g. a fence) has to be crossed.

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS21 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw or stub

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT27 Holder for TR500

5. GLS20 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GEV141 1.2m Antenna cable

7. GEV142 1.6m Antenna cable

8. TR500 Terminal

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. SR510, 520 or 530 GPS Re-

ceiver

11. Radio Modem in GFU5/6 Hous-

ing

12. MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA flash card

13. GEV97 1.8m, 5pin Lemo cable

14. GEV141 1.2m Antenna cable

15. GAT1/GAT2 Radio Antenna

16. GAD34 Small Antenna Arm

17. GAD32 Telescopic Rod

18. GVP603 Minipack

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

Follow steps 1-5 as described in section 2.4.

6. Attach the Radio Modem Hous-

ing containing the Radio Modem to the GPS Receiver.

7. Place the GPS Receiver front

panel up in the Minipack with the batteries facing outwards. Fasten the strap around the Receiver (refer to diagram)

8. Push the Telescopic Rod

through the slit in the top of the Minipack. Ensure it is located in the sleeve inside the Minipack and push it all the way to the bottom. Adjust the height of the Telescopic Rod to suit.

9. Screw the Short Antenna Arm

onto the Telescopic Rod. Screw the Radio Antenna onto the Short Antenna Arm.

10. Connect the Radio Modem to

the Radio Antenna using a 1.2m Antenna Cable. The cable should pass down underneath

the Receiver and then up through the slit in the top of the Minipack.

11. Connect the GPS Antenna to the

Receiver using the two Antenna Cables. The longest Cable should be connected to the Receiver. Pass this cable through a cable brake and down through the slit under one of the reflective strips at the bottom of the Minipack. Draw the required amount of cable out of the Minipack and tighten the cable brake. Refer to the diagram.

12. Connect the TR500 to the port

labelled “Terminal”on the Receiver using the 1.8m cable.Pass it through the opening under one of the reflective strips at the bottom of the Minipack, up through a cable brake and then plug into the Receiver. Refer to the diagram.

13. Switch the System ON using the

ON/OFF key on the Terminal.

To Radio Antenna

To GPS Antenna

To Terminal

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

Ensure a dry plastic weather

protection cap is fitted to the socket on the TR500 that is not connected to the sensor.

If moisture or water should

appear in the socket that is not used on the TR500, allow the socket and plastic weather protection cap to dry naturally.

When using the upper pole

Advice on using the Minipack

is given in Section 2.14.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.10 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, All on Pole, direct clip of TR500 on to Sensor

Use

The TR500 is mounted on the Receiver which is clipped to the grip. Connections are made from the Receiver to the GPS and Radio Antennas. Recommended for short periods of use, especially where there are many obstacles (fences etc.).

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS21 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw or stub

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT27 Holder for GPS Receiver

5. GLS17 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GAT1/GAT2 Radio Antenna

7. GAD33 Antenna Arm

8. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. TR500 Terminal

11. SR510/520/530 GPS Receiver

12. Radio Modem in GFU5/6 Hous-

ing

13. MCF XMB-3 PC Card

14. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

Follow steps 1-6 described in section

2.5.

7. Clip the Antenna Arm to the

GPS Antenna. Screw the Radio Antenna onto the Arm.

8. Attach the Radio Modem in its

housing to the GPS Receiver.

9. Connect the Radio Antenna to

the Radio Modem using a 1.2m Antenna Cable.

10. Switch the System ON using the

ON/OFF key on the Terminal.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When using the upper pole

The Radio Antenna may also

be connected directly to the Radio Housing. Note however that range and quality of signal received may be affected.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2.11 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated

Use

The TR500 is fixed to the pole grip with a holder. With another metallic holder and a holder piece, the receiver is fixed to the pole. The Radio Modem plus radio antenna attaches to the Receiver. One connection is made from the Receiver to the Antenna. Another connection is made from the Receiver to the TR500. Recommended for short periods of use, especially where there are many obstacles (fences etc.).

Assumptions

1. GPS Antenna is mounted directly using screw fitting.

If using stub and GAD 31 adapter, procedures may vary slightly.

2. Aluminium poles are used. You may replace them

with their Carbon Fiber equivalents without any change to these instructions.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

Equipment Checklist

1. GPS Antenna AT501 or 502

2. GLS18 Upper half aluminium

pole with screw

3. GHT25 Grip for pole

4. GHT27 Holder for TR500

5. GLS17 Lower half aluminium

pole

6. GHT37 Holder piece for GPS

Receiver with antenna cable and 5pin Lemo cable

7. GHT26 Holder for GPS Receiver

8. TR500 Terminal

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. SR510, 520 or 530 GPS Re-

ceiver

11. GAT1/GAT2 Radio Antenna

12. Radio Modem in GFU5/6 Hous-

ing

13. MCF XMB-3 PCMCIA flash card

10 12

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

How to set up the equipment

Follow steps 1-9 described in section

2.6.

10. Attach the Radio Modem in its

housing to the GPS Receiver.

11. Screw the Radio Antenna onto

the housing.

12. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the TR500.

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

When using the upper pole

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.12 Equipment Setup - Real Time Rover, GIS Rover

Use

The TR500 is held in the hand with the hand pouch. Connections are made from the Receiver to the GPS (or if being used the combined GPS/DGPS antenna). Recommended for long periods of use, for mainly GIS type data collection surveys.

The setup described in the following pages assumes an RTB or RTS module is being used (see also Appendix K for further information on GIS applications).

You may also use the Real-Time GIS Rover setup with a standard radio device but note the following differences:

1. With a standard radio device being used you will need a separate radio antenna: attach the GAT1/GAT2 Radio Antenna to the pole using the GAD33 Antenna Arm (see the RT-Rover, All on Pole chapter for further illustration).

2. The RTB/ RTS module cable will not be needed then: Connect the Radio antenna to the Radio modem housing using the GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable (see the RTRover, Pole and Minipack chapter for further illustration).

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. Combined RTB (or RTS)/GPS

antenna

2. GAD32 Telescopic Rod

3. GEV141 1.2m Antenna Cable

4. RTB (or RTS) differential

receiver module

5. 0.3m GPS receiver to RTB (or

RTS) module cable

6. MCF XMB-3 PC Card

7. GEV97 1.8m, 5pin Lemo cable

8. TR500 Terminal

9. 2, GEB121 Batteries

10. GS50 GPS Receiver

11. Handstrap with beltclip for

TR500 Terminal

12. GVP603 Minipack

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

1. Insert the PC Card into the

Receiver and plug in the GEB121 batteries.

2. Place the Receiver front panel

up in the Minipack with the batteries facing outwards. Fasten the strap around the Receiver

3. Connect the RTB/GPS Antenna

to the Receiver using the Antenna cables. Connect the cable to the RTB/RTS module and route the cable around the bottom of the Receiver and up to to the GPS antenna. Refer to the diagram.

4. Connect the TR500 to the port

5. Connect the RTB/RTS module to

the Receiver GPS antenna port using the 30 cm antenna cable.

6. Switch on the system using the

ON/OFF button on the Receiver.

To GPS/RTB (or RTS) antenna

From RTS/RTB module

To Terminal

to GPS antenna port

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

The Next Steps

If the Receiver has been pre-programmed and the TR500 is being used, further guidance is available in Chapter 7.

If the Receiver requires programming with the TR500, further guidance is available in Chapter 5.

Ensure a dry plastic

weather protection cap is fitted to the socket on the TR500 that is not connected to the sensor.

If moisture or water should

appear in the socket that is not used on the TR500, allow the socket and plastic weather protection cap to dry naturally.

Advice on using the Minipack is given in Section

2.14.

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

2.13 Equipment Setup - Repeater Station and Repeater Box

Use

The repeater box attaches to a tripod and the radio modem to the repeater box. An external battery also attaches to the tripod. The Radio Antenna is mounted on the tripod. One connection is made from the battery to the repeater box. Another connection is made from the radio to the radio antenna.

For more information on repeaters and the repeater box see Appendix H.

Assumptions

1. A RTK reference is set up, pre-programmed according

to chapter 5.3 and running according to chapter 7.3.

2. A RTK rover is prepared and pre-programmed

according to chapter 5.4.

3. The same type of radios are used on reference,

repeater and rover station.

4. The radio modem at the repeater station is

programmed to repeater mode.

5. All radio modems at reference, repeater and rover

operate on the same frequency.

6. The reference and rover receivers run standard

firmware 3.00 or higher.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

Equipment Checklist

1. GAT1\GAT2 Radio Antenna

2. GAD34 Short Antenna Arm

3. GAD32 Telescopic Rod

4. GHT36 Base for Telescopic Rod

5. GEV120 2.8m Antenna Cable

6. Radio Modem in GFU5/6

Housing

7. GHT38 Repeater Box

8. 1.8 m Connection cable for

external battery

9. GEB71 Battery

10. GST20\GST05\05L Tripod

6 7

3 4

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2. Set-up and Connection

How to set up the equipment

1. Set up the tripod.

2. Screw the Base for the

Telescopic Rod onto the Tripod. Push the Telescopic Rod into the Base.

3. Screw the Short Antenna Arm

onto the Telescopic Rod. Screw the Radio Antenna onto the Arm.

4. Connect the Radio Modem to

the Repeater Box. Attach the Repeater Box to the tripod.

5. Connect the Radio Modem to the

Radio Antenna using the 2.8m Antenna Cable.

6. Connect the Repeater Box to the

GEB71 battery.

The Next Steps

As soon as the Repeater Box is connected to the battery, it is ready to receive and broadcast data.

Start surveying or a staking-out with the rover. Further guidance is available in Chapter 7.4 and 7.5.

2. Set-up and Connection

Technical Reference Manual-4.0.0en

2.14 Using the Minipack

The Minipack has several features which may not be readily apparent at first. These features help to make using System 500 more comfortable.

1. Antenna Pole Strap

Ensures the Antenna Pole does not sway around and remains as upright as possible.

Pass the strap around the pole and fasten using the clip as shown in the photograph.

2. Hip Belt

The Hip Belt transfers most of the weight from the shoulders to the hips when properly adjusted.

It also contains velcro attachments through which cables can be passed.

Use the attachments as shown in the photograph.

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2. Set-up and Connection

3. Internal Net Pouch

The Backpack has an internal net pouch designed for carrying an AT501 or AT502 Antenna when not in use. It can also be used for storing coiled cables or carrying a nonstandard radio modem.

4. Using the Minipack in high temperatures

In high temperatures it is desirable to increase air flow around the Receiver. Therefore the backpack can be kept half or even fully open when in use.

Open the Minipack halfway. Tuck the flap inside. Secure it with the velcro pad.

Open the Minipack flap fully and fold the flap under the Receiver during use in extremely hot temperatures.

2. Set-up and Connection

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2.15 Measuring Antenna Heights

The height of the GPS Antenna above the point consists of several components - the Height Reading, the Vertical Offset and the Phase Center Eccentricities. When a standard System 500 Antenna mounted on standard System 500 accessories is selected, the only measurement you will have to input is the Vertical Height (shown as VR in the following section). When a pole is used, even this value is automatically suggested by the Receiver as

2.00m (the height of the System 500 pole).

This means that for most operations, you will only need to input the height measurement from the height hook or use the default height measurement of 2.00m for the pole.

However, there may be cases when you need to calculate the height components, such as when using non-Leica accessories or Antennas or when not using a tripod or pole.

It is also important to realize where the Antenna Heights are measured to. This Datum is referred to as the Mechanical Reference Plane. This varies for different Antennas. It is also the datum from which the Phase Center Eccentricities are calculated.

Phase Center Eccentricities of Leica Antennas are handled automatically by System 500. They will have to be entered manually when using non-Leica Antennas. Advice on how to create a new Antenna Type for non-Leica Antennas is given in the Online Help of SKI-Pro (Antenna Management).

Finally, the Antenna Height is sometimes calculated by taking a slope distance from the point on the ground to the outside edge of the Antenna. In this case, the Vertical Height must be calculated using the Slope Height and a Horizontal Offset.

Special care must be taken when using System 300 GPS Antennas with a System 500 Receiver or when using the AT501/502 GPS Antenna on the System 300 pole.

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2. Set-up and Connection

2.15.1 Mechanical Reference Planes

The Mechanical Reference Plane or datum to which the Antenna Height is measured and from which the Phase Center Eccentricities are calculated is shown for each Leica System 500 Antenna.

AT501 and AT502

MRP

The Mechanical Reference Plane is the underside of the threaded metal insert.

AT503

MRP

0.1501m

AT504

0.1897m

0.0345m

MRP

The Mechanical Reference Plane is the underside of the Preamplifier Housing. The AT504 is built to a JPL design specified by the IGS for Reference Stations. The Mechanical Reference Plane is always referred to as the Bottom of Preamplifier or BPA by the IGS.

The Mechanical Reference Plane is the underside of the Antenna itself.

2. Set-up and Connection

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2.15.2 Antenna Height components

1. Pillar Setup

MRP

VE1

VE2

VO=0

VO Vertical Offset VR Vertical Height Reading VE1 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L1. VE2 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L2 MRP Mechanical Reference Plane

Although an AT501/502 Antenna is shown, the same principles apply to the AT504 and AT303.

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The Vertical Height (VR) value is measured from the pillar benchmark to the Mechanical Reference Plane of the Antenna. As there is no accessory available to measure the Vertical Height in this case, it is usually obtained through levelling. Refer to the details on the next page for help in measuring the Vertical Height.

The Vertical Offset is not required in this case and therefore is input as zero.

The Vertical Phase Center Eccentricities are stored in the Receiver for all Leica System 500 Antennas and any non-Leica Antenna that you define. As long as the correct antenna is chosen there is no need to enter any value into the Receiver. These values do need to be calculated when a new type of Antenna that does not exist in the Antenna Setup Records is used.

2. Set-up and Connection

Pillar Setup II - Carrier and Adapter dimensions

9.399.7

109

All dimensions are shown in millimeters and may be required when determining the Vertical Height Reading on a pillar or other nonstandard setup. They allow you to determine the height to a surface on the carrier (which is probably easier than determining it to the Mechanical Reference Plane), and then add the remaining value to the Mechanical Reference Plane.

145.5

36.5

GRT44 Carrier with GAD31 Stub to

Screw Adapter

2. Set-up and Connection

145.5

36.5

GRT46 Carrier

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2. Tripod Setup

MRP

VE1

VO Vertical Offset VR Vertical Height Reading VE1 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L1. VE2 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L2 MRP Mechanical Reference Plane

VE2

Although an AT501/502 Antenna is shown, the same principles apply to the AT504 and AT303.

The Vertical Height Reading (VR) value is measured using the Height Hook.

The Vertical Offset (VO) value is stored in the Antenna Setup record and for a Tripod Setup with the Height Hook as shown is 0.36m. This will need to be measured if you are entering a new Antenna Setup Record without using the Height Hook. There are two methods for mounting Leica Antennas - using a GRT46 with a 5/8 inch screw or using a GRT44 with stub and a GAD31 stub to

screw adapter. The VO value remains constant whichever setup is used.

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2. Set-up and Connection

3. Pole Setup

MRP

VE1

VE2

VO = 0

VO Vertical Offset VR Vertical Height Reading VE1 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L1. VE2 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L2 MRP Mechanical Reference Plane

Although an AT501/502 Antenna is shown, the same principles apply to the AT504 and AT303.

The Vertical Height Reading (VR) value fixed at the height of the pole. With a standard Leica System 500 pole this is 2.0m. There are two System 500 upper pole halves. One has a 5/8 inch screw - the Antenna screws on directly. The other has a stub and uses a GAD31 stub to screw adapter. Whichever pole type is used, the height remains at 2.00m. Additional 1.00 m pole sections maybe easily added or subtracted. In some special cases where the lower half of the pole alone is used, the height will be 1.00m.

The Vertical Offset (VO) value is zero in this case.

The Vertical Phase Center Eccentricities are stored in the Receiver for all Leica System 500 Antennas and any non-Leica Antenna that you define. As long as the correct Antenna is chosen there is no need to enter any value into the Receiver. These values do need to be calculated when a new type of Antenna that does not exist in the Antenna Setup Records is used.

2. Set-up and Connection

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2.15.3 Measuring Slope Heights

VE2

VE1

-VO

MRP

VO Vertical Offset HO Horizontal Offset SR Slope Height Reading VE1 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L1. VE2 Vertical Phase Center Eccentricity for L2 MRP Mechanical Reference Plane

If you are using the Slope Height Reading the antenna height is calculated as follows:

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Antenna Height =

√(√(

√(SR² - HO²) ± VO

√(√(

If the Offset Point on the antenna is above the Mechanical Reference Plane MRP, the Vertical Offset VO is negative.

The Slope Height Reading is measured from the point on the ground to the outside edge of the antenna. The Antenna used for this example is a Dorne Margolin T (Leica AT504) as specified by the IGS. The Mechanical Reference Plane will differ depending on the Antenna type used.

2. Set-up and Connection

3. Using System 500 without a Terminal

The SR510, 520 and 530 receivers can be used without the TR500 attached.

Applications and set ups most suited to this type of configuration are Reference Stations for Post-Processing and Real-Time and Static/Rapid Static measurements.

The receiver can be programmed in the office using the TR500. This greatly reduces the knowledge required to operate the instrument in the field.

Full instructions on how to program the receiver are given in Chapter 5.

703. Using System 500 without a Terminal

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3.1 Setting up the Equipment

3.2 Operation 3.3 Shut Down

The Receiver and Antenna will usually be mounted on a tripod or pillar. Refer to Chapter 2 for details of equipment set up and connections.

Measure the Antenna Height using the Height Hook. Note this value down. You will need to enter it into SKI-Pro when you get back to the office. You should also note the Point Id and start and stop times.

A suggested form for recording necessary data is given in section

3.5. The Receiver needs to be configured

correctly before it will work. The parameters that are especially important for working without a Terminal are in Occupation Settings. Full details are given in Chapter 5.

Once the equipment is set up, switch it on using the ON/OFF switch on the Receiver.

The equipment will automatically begin to acquire and track satellites and record data as set up in the Receiver configuration.

Wait at the point for the required time. Note that the required observation time does not begin until the Satellite Status LED is constant green (see next section). A list of approximate observation times for Rapid Static and Static baseline measurements is given in Appendix B.

To shut down the equipment press and hold the ON/OFF button for 3 seconds. The LED indicators will not be lit when the equipment is switched off.

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3. Using System 500 without a Terminal

3.4 LED Indicators

3.4.1 Power LED 3.4.2 Satellite Status LED

Every System 500 Receiver has three LED indicators that inform the operator of basic Receiver status. The LED indicators are located at the top of the Receiver and are only visible when the TR500 Terminal is not attached.

The top LED gives power information, the middle gives satellite tracking information and the lower gives memory status.

Power Satellite Tracking Memory Status

Power LED off No Power

Power LED green - Power OK

Power LED Flashing Green Power Low

Satellite Status LED off - No Satellites tracked

Satellite Status LED flashing green - first satellite tracked, position not yet available

Satellite Status LED Green Enough satellites tracked to compute position

723. Using System 500 without a Terminal

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3.4.3 Memory Status LED

3.5 Field Record Sheet

Memory Status LED off - Memory Device not available (PC Card not inserted or Internal Memory not fitted).

Memory Status LED Green Memory capacity OK on selected device

Memory Status LED flashing green - Memory capacity 75% full on selected device

Memory Status LED red Memory full on selected device

Field Record - Static/Rapid Static Survey point

Operator Name:

Start time (Local):

Stop Time (Local):

Point ID:

Antenna Height:

Receiver Serial No.:

Date:

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3. Using System 500 without a Terminal

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

The TR500 Terminal performs three main functions:

1. Program the GPS Receiver

2. Enable input of information to the GPS Receiver

3. Display information from the GPS Receiver

The Terminal must be connected to the GPS Receiver to function. It can be connected using a cable or mounted directly onto the receiver.

Once connected, the Terminal and Receiver can be switched on using the ON/ OFF key on the Terminal.

A GHT28 handstrap/beltclip is available which fits on the rear of the Terminal. This improves handling of the Terminal in applications where it is held constantly in the hand. (E.g. GIS applications).

TR500 Terminal attached to GPS Receiver with cable

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

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4.1 Screen Layout

When activated for the first time, the Terminal runs through several boot up screens and then the Main Menu appears.

The basic layout consists of a row of status icons over a main display area with a row of six softkeys (F1-F6) at the bottom.

The Status Icons provide information related to basic Receiver functions.

The Directory Bar gives your location within the menu structure.

The Main Display Area shows information regarding the receiver and/or ongoing survey operation.

The Softkeys (F1-F6) indicate which command may be executed by pressing the relevant key.

Status Icons

Directory Bar

Main Display Area

Softkeys F1-F6

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4. TR500 Terminal Overview

On certain screens a shift symbol will appear in the bottom right corner above the softkey. It indicates that further choices are available on the softkeys.

At this time, the shift key appears so:

When it is pressed, it appears so:

Pressing it again will toggle back to the original softkeys.

When a function is being carried out that will take a significant amount of time, the hourglass symbol (shown below) will appear.

This indicates that the system is busy.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

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4.2 Status Icons

Accuracy Status

High Precision Navigation (cm level)

Accuracy

Status

Position

Mode

No. visible

Satellites

No. Satellites

used on L1/L2

Status

Radio

Status

GSM

Memory

Status

Observation

Recording

Status

Battery

Status

Local

Time

Auto Position Recording Status

Note that the icons that appear depend upon which System 500 Receiver you are using, the

options set on it and the configuration that you are using.

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Precision Navigation (0.5 - 5m level)

Navigation (<100m)

When no position is available, no icon is shown.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

Position Mode

No. Visible Satellites

No. Satellites used on L1/L2

Static - the GPS Antenna should be held stationary.

Moving - The GPS Antenna may move.

The Position Mode is governed by the type of operation defined in the Configuration.

The number of theoretically visible satellites according to the current almanac are displayed.

When the Track Mode is set to MaxTrak this will be indicated with a little “T” being added to the icon.

When an Accuracy Status icon is displayed the number of satellites currently used for the position computation are shown. Satellites that are tracked but with a poor signal quality are not shown.

When no Accuracy Status icon is displayed the number of tracked satellites are shown, irrespective of the signal quality.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

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Radio Status

GSM Status

Memory Status

Radio Transmitting (blinks)

Radio Receiving (blinks)

If two radio modems are being used simultaneaously, the icon will alternate between each modem.

The GSM phone is connected to the network.

If this icon blinks, the GSM phone is either trying to connect to or disconnect from the network.

Internal Memory selected

PC-Card selected

Safe to remove PC-Card

Memory level Indicator. Has 12 levels between:

Memory Empty and

Memory Full

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4. TR500 Terminal Overview

Observation Recording Status

Auto Position Recording Status

Local Time

The Receiver is recording raw GPS observations in Stationary mode. The Receiver should be held stationary.

The Receiver is recording raw GPS observations in Moving mode. The Receiver may move.

Will appear when Auto Position Recording has been activated in the Configuration Set.

Positions are being recorded according to distance.

Positions are being recorded according to time.

The local date can be set to display either 12 or 24 hour clock.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

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Battery Status

Battery Voltage OK

Battery supplying 2/3 peak voltage

Battery supplying 1/3 peak voltage

Battery empty

The battery being used is denoted by the letter next to it. A and B are the plug-in camcorder batteries, E is the external battery.

This example shows that an external battery is fully charged and is being used to power the system.

The system will always use the battery with the highest voltage level.

Due to the discharge characteristics of the batteries, the lengths of time between the four voltage level icons may not be consistent. The voltage level will decrease more quickly the lower it gets.

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4. TR500 Terminal Overview

4.3 Keyboard

The Terminal keyboard is a QWERTY layout designed for use in temperture extremes and also for gloved hands if necessary.

The six keys F1-F6 at the top of the keyboard correspond to the six softkeys that appear on the screen when the Terminal is activated.

Pressing Shift followed by F1 will always activate the Help screen. Pressing Shift followed by F6 will quit the Help and return you to the screen you were on. Alternatively, pressing Shift followed by F6 will quit Survey, Stake Out or Application.

Use the Esc key to step back to the previous screen at any time.

Use the key combination Alt + L to lock and unlock the terminal. Use the key combination Alt + B to switch the screen illumination on and off.

Use the Shift key when the Shift symbol is displayed to reveal further choices on the softkeys F1-F6.

Use the CONFIG key to enter the Configuration menus at any time.

The CE key is used to clear the last character entered when entering names, numbers etc. into the Receiver.

Use the ENTER key to confirm an entry into the system.

Use the STATUS key to access status information at any time.

Use the Cursor keys to move around the screen.

The keys F7-F10 are user definable function keys. They can be defined to execute commands or access any screen of your choosing. See section

9.4.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

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4.4 General Operating Principles

There are several conventions used in the user interface of System 500.

1. Function Keys

F1-F6 function keys appear below six bars on the screen. These bars will appear with commands in them on each screen. To execute the command, press the corresponding function key.

2. Entering Data

At times you will have to enter Point Ids, Names etc. Enter the data using the keyboard and press the Enter key.

Special characters such as ä, á, ç etc. can be entered using the alphanumeric input. When the character you wish to input is not on the keyboard, press the Enter key. The F1-F6 keys will then contain 5 characters on each. Press the key that contains the character you require. The F1-F6 keys will then contain one of each of the five that you selected. Use the up and down cursor keys to scroll through all the possible characters. Press the key that corresponds to the character you require.This will then be entered. The extra characters that are available for use can be configured in the Configure menu.

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4. TR500 Terminal Overview

Working Example

Application - Entering a special character.

Technique - N/A

3. Selecting items from list boxes

At times you will have to select an item from a list box. This could be a point Id, Job, code etc. There are two types of list boxes.

Requirement - You need to enter the Job name “Cézanne”. All the characters are contained on the keyboard except “é”.

Field Procedure - The “C” is entered. To select the “é”, press F1. The function keys will then change as follows:

Press F3 to select the “é”.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

1. The list box appears as the whole screen.

2. An item appears with an arrow next to it indicating a drop down list box.

When a list box appears on the whole screen, a search field will appear in the directory line with a blinking cursor. If you know the name of the item you are search for you may type in the first few letters. The item(s) that match what you type will be automatically highlighted. This is case sensitive. List boxes that contain more lines than is possible to fit on the screen have a scroll bar at the side. This indicates your position within the list.

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match what you type will be automatically highlighted. This is case sensitive.

Alternatively you can move down the list item by item using the cursor keys.

Pressing Shift will reveal HOME (F2),

END (F3), PG UP (F4) (Page Up) and PG DN (F5) (Page Down) keys. You

may also use these keys to scroll up and down the list.

When a drop down list box is available, a small arrow appears next to the selected item, as with Ant Name shown below.

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Press the right or left cursor key to cycle through the choices or press ENTER to make the drop down box appear.

A search field will appear at the top of the list box with a blinking cursor. If you know the name of the item you are search for you may type in the first few letters. The item(s) that

Pressing SHIFT will reveal HOME (F2), END (F3), PG UP (F4) (Page Up) and PG DN (F5) (Page Down) keys. You may also use these keys to scroll up and down the list.

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

5. Configuring the Receiver

The receiver has numerous parameters and functions which can be configured by the user.

Different Configuration Sets are used for different measuring techniques. Several default Configuration Sets are programmed into the receiver before delivery. These default files should cover the majority of applications.

However, you also have the opportunity to define your own Configuration Sets. You may define several Configuration Sets to cover every type of operation that you are likely to carry out. This can be done using the TR500 Terminal.

There are two methods for defining the Configuration. You can select Configure from the Main Menu or press the CONFIG key.

Selecting Configure from the Main Menu enables a sequential configuration. Parameters can either be defined one after each other or explicitly selected from a list. These parameters are saved permanently in the Configuration Set and will be used as defaults each time the Configuration Set is used.

Pressing the CONFIG key enters a menu from which you can choose the parameter you wish to define. Certain infrequently used parameters are only available through the CONFIG key and are not contained in the sequential configuration.

It is recommended that the CONFIG key is only used when you are already measuring and realize that you need to change a parameter temporarily (for the duration of the current survey), or need to configure a parameter not contained in the sequential configuration.

When Configure is selected from the Main Menu there are two configuration levels available, Standard and Advanced. Standard is recommended for most users. Advanced enables definition of parameters required for specialized applications.

To start defining a Configuration Set, attach the Terminal to the Receiver directly or connect it using a Lemo cable.

Switch on the Receiver and Terminal by pressing the ON/OFF key.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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The following screen will appear the first time you switch on.

The following screen will appear:

Pressing INFO (F5) toggles between the date of creation, creator and description of the Configuration Sets.

Entering a new Configuration Set

After NEW (F2) has been selected, the following screen will appear.

The most frequently used functions are displayed. Use SHOW/HIDE (F4) to reveal/hide all of the functions.

This chapter covers configuration using the sequential configuration (Configure) from the Main Menu. Details about configuration using the CONFIG key can be found in Chapter

9. Select Configure from the Main Menu. Press CONT (F1).

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You can select a Configuration Set by moving up and down the list and pressing CONT (F1) or entering the name of the Configuration Set. Press EDIT (F3) to edit it. Changes in default Configuration Sets are only temporary until the sensor is turned of. Permanent changes, require the creation of a new Configuration Set.

To enter a new Configuration Set press NEW (F2). To delete a Configuration Set press DEL (F4). You will be asked for confirmation before the Configuration Set is deleted.

Enter the Name and, if required a Description and Creator. Press the ENTER key after each entry. Press CONT (F1) when you are finished.

If you create a new Configuration Set a copy of the highlighted Configuration Set will be created.

5. Configuring the Receiver

5.1 Configuring the Receiver for Static and Rapid Static Operations

This section covers configuration of the receiver for post-processed Static, Rapid Static or Kinematic Reference operations.

Highlight the Configuration Set you wish to edit and press EDIT (F3). Note that you cannot edit default Configuration Sets. You have to create a new Set and then edit it.

Operation Mode

Select the Operation Mode that you require. The Operation Mode defines which Configuration screens will be available to you.

You may choose between Standard and Advanced. Standard is recommended for most users. Advanced enables definition of parameters required for specialized applications.

When you have made your selection press CONT (F1) to go through the fixed order of parameter panels.

Or press LIST (F6) to get a listing of the available parameter panels which can then be accessed individually with CONT (F1). Changes are automatically stored at the end of the list. Changes in individual parameter panels can be stored with STORE (F3) without the need to go to the end of the list.

The Standard Operation Mode is described from here on. The extra configurable features available when Advanced is selected are described in section 5.1.1.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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Antenna

Select the Antenna configuration that you are using.

Ant. Name - Displays and selects the currently selected antenna setup.

Meas Type - Also, enter the means by which the Antenna height was measured. For the majority of GPS Antennas (including all Leica antennas), this will be Vertical. The height of some non-Leica GPS antennas can only be measured by taking the slope distance to the outer edge of the Antenna. If this is the case, select Slope and enter the averaged value. You will then be required to enter a Horizontal Offset also. See Section

2.15.3 for more details on measuring slope height.

You may select from this list or enter your own Antenna configuration by pressing the NEW (F2) key. Note that the settings from the currently highlighted antenna setup are taken over as suggested default values.

Vert Offset - Displays the vertical offset defined in the Antenna setup (Ant Name).

Deflt Hgt - Displays a default height for the Antenna setup. This is of little use for Static or Rapid Static applications where the Antenna height differs with each setup.

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To select an antenna setup, highlight Ant. Name and press ENTER to open the drop down box. All of the existing antenna setups are listed.

Most Static and Rapid Static Surveys or Reference Stations are carried out using a tripod or pillar setup.

When a factory default tripod setup is chosen, the Vertical Offset is automatically set at 0.36m. You will only need to measure the height with the height hook when setting up over a point.

5. Configuring the Receiver

Note that factory default antenna setups contain an elevation dependent correction model. This is not seen by the user. When setting up your own configuration with the Receiver, this model is not taken over. This model is required for real-time rover operations. If you need to input your own antenna setup and it requires an antenna correction model, use SKI Pro to configure the antenna setup and transfer it to the Receiver.

Use the DEFLT (F5) key to reveal factory default Antenna configurations with current System 500 GPS Antennas. This will then change to ALL. Use ALL (F5) to reveal System 300 Antenna configurations also. You can pick out the Antenna configurations that you will use the most and delete the rest. All possible factory default Antenna configurations may still be accessed in the future by using the

DEFLT and ALL keys.

Position

This screen defines the way in which position is displayed. These settings are mostly used for Real-Time Rover setups.

Advice on calculating Antenna heights and offsets for Leica and nonLeica Antennas is given in Chapter

2.15. Use the EDIT (F3) key to edit the highlighted Antenna configuration. Note that factory default Antenna configurations can only be viewed and not edited.

Use the DEL (F4) key to delete an Antenna configuration.

5. Configuring the Receiver

Update Rate - Defines the rate at

which the position will be updated on the display.

Coord Sys - You may select a coordinate system which will be used to display the positions. The WGS84 coordinate system will always be available and should be sufficient for Static/Rapid Static work. You may determine other coordinate systems in SKI Pro and upload them or you may determine other coordinate

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systems in the field using

Applications\Determine Coord System (see section 11.1).

Further options are available on this screen in Advanced mode. See section 5.1.1 for details.

Highlight Coord Sys and press ENTER to reveal the list of coordinate systems currently available.

(F4) to delete the selected coordinate system and INFO (F5) to reveal the type of transformation used.

When NEW (F2) is pressed, the following screen appears.

Coord Sys - Defines the name of the new coordinate system.

Further advice on Coordinate Systems is given in Section 11.

When using EDIT (F3) the same descriptions apply.

Press CONT (F1) to return to the CONFIGURE\Position screen.

Select the coordinate system that you wish to use.

Use NEW (F2) to define a new coordinate system. Use EDIT (F3) to edit a coordinate system. Use DEL

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When you have set the parameters press CONT (F1) to return to the CONFIGURE\Position screen.

5. Configuring the Receiver

Formats

You can configure the way in which information is presented when surveying.

Format Grid - The format of grid coordinates if they are being used.

Format Geodetic - The format of geodetic coordinates if they are being used.

Quality Type - The way in which the quality of a position is displayed in the Main Survey screen. This is Hardwired to DOP for Static/Rapid Static Configurations. It will display a Dilution of Precision according to the components defined.

Defined by - Defines the components used to calculate the DOP. The definitions of the DOP are as follows:

Height - VDOP Pos - HDOP Pos + Hgt - PDOP Pos + Hgt + Time - GDOP

OCUPY Counter - Defines how the

length of time spent occupying a point is displayed. Select from Time - normal time or Observations - the number of observations recorded.

Coding

If you wish to select a coding system press ENTER and choose from Thematical or Free coding. Complete descriptions of the coding systems used by System 500 are given in Chapter 8.

Press CODES (F3) to review the codes in the chosen codelist. You may also edit the codelist here.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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Real-Time

For Static or Rapid Static postprocessing operations select None and press CONT (F1).

Logging

Log Static Obs - Switches logging on

or off when the Receiver is in Static mode. The receiver has to be stationary.

Obs Rate - The rate at which observations will be logged. For Static observations over long baselines and long periods of time 15-30 seconds is a reasonable rate. For Rapid Static applications, 10-15 seconds is normally used. For Reference stations for post-processed and realtime kinematic rovers, the rate should be set the same as at the Rover.

Log Moving Obs - Only available when Log Static Obs = YES. Sets the observation rate when the receiver is in Moving mode. This is only used in Real-Time kinematic and Post-Processed kinematic operations.

Log Auto Positions - Will automatically log positions at a specified rate. This is mostly used for real-time rover operations. See section 5.4 for details.

Press CONT (F1) to continue to the next screen.

Further options are available on this screen in Advanced mode. See section 5.1.1 for details.

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5. Configuring the Receiver

Occupation Settings

These settings control the way in which points are occupied and recorded.

OCUPY Mode - Sets the way in which coordinates will be recorded for a point. For Static, Rapid Static and Post-processed Reference Station applications Normal only will be available. This means that observations will be recorded until the STOP key is pressed. The last observation that is recorded is the one that expired directly before STOP was pressed.

Auto Store - Allows you to automatically store a point after the STOP key has been pressed.

Further options are available on this screen in Advanced mode. See section 5.1.1 for details.

Id Templates

An Id template is used to pre-define a Point Id. This feature is mainly used in post-processed and real-time kinematic operations where many points are collected quickly. For Static, Rapid Static and Real-Time Reference operations, set all fields to No template used.

Further options are available on this screen in Advanced mode. See section 5.1.1 for details.

Press CONT (F1) to complete the configuration. You will return to the Main Menu.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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5.1.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Static and Rapid Static

The Advanced Mode contains extra configurable parameters that may be required for certain specialized applications.

Select Advanced in CONFIGURE\Operation Mode.

Only the screens that differ from those seen in Standard Mode are described here.

Position

In addition to the functionality given in Standard mode, details about the chosen coordinate system are given.

Residuals - Available when editing a coordinate system. The method by which residuals will be distributed throughout the transformation area is displayed. This may help the transformation result be more realistic and help disperse any strains in the transformation. 1/Dist, 1/Dist2 and 1/

3/2

Dist

distributes the residuals of the control points according to the distance between each control point and the newly transformed point.

Multiquadratic distributes the residuals using a multiquadratic interpolation approach.

Transform - The name of the transformation set used is displayed. Ellipsoid - The name of the local ellipsoid is displayed. Projection -The name of the projection used is displayed. Geoid Model - The name of the geoid model used is displayed. CSCS Model - The name of the CSCS model used is displayed.

Note that the details that are displayed depend upon the type of transformation used. Certain types of transformation do not use all of the described parameters to calculate local coordinates.

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5. Configuring the Receiver

Logging

In addition to the functionality given in Standard mode, you can also specify the observables to be recorded and access further functionality via the

FILES (F6) key.

Observables - Defines what is

recorded in the raw GPS data. Extended records extra observables including the Doppler observable.

Pressing the FILES (F6) key enables you to configure further options.

Log File Segments - Will split up the recorded data into files of a specific time-based length unless 1 File is selected. If a time is selected the option Split Tracks will become available. Select No will only record data into a new file if the time is reached and a new track is observed.

Auto Del Log Files - Will delete the recorded data after the specified length of time unless Never is selected.

Press CONT (F1) to return to CONFIGURE\Logging.

Occupation Settings

Additional functionality available in this panel over Standard mode is

Auto OCUPY, Auto Stop, STOP PPRC and END Survey.

Auto OCUPY - will automatically

occupy the point as soon as the survey is started. Timed is chosen for automatic point occupations at a certain time. The time is specified in the SURVEY panel.

Auto Stop - will automatically stop the measurements according to the setting in the STOP P-PRC function. The measurements stop when the criteria for the setting reach 100%.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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STOP P-PRC - Defines the method used for Auto Stop when Auto Stop is set to YES. When Auto Stop is set to NO a percentage value will be displayed next to the Time or Epochs in the Main Survey screen. This indicates how much of the Auto Stop criteria has elapsed. The Auto Stop criteria is defined using the P-PRC (F5) key (see below).

END Survey - Defines how the survey will be ended. Manual lets you exit the survey yourself. Automatic will exit the survey automatically. Auto & Shut-down will exit the survey and turn the sensor off.

When one of the STOP P-PRC options is selected the P-PRC (F5) key will become available. Pressing this key will enable you to configure the option you have selected.

When: Time is selected, set the required

observation time for each point. The time starts counting when OCUPY is pressed. The Receiver stops recording when the set length of time is reached.

STOP&GO Indicator is selected, set the baseline range. When measuring, an observation time will be calculated based on the selected baseline range, the number of available satellites and the GDOP. This is displayed as a percentage value.

Observations is selected, set the number of epochs that should be recorded at each point.

# of Sats is selected, set the length of time to observe depending on the number of satellites available. You may edit the value for each number of satellites. Should the number of available satellites change during observations, the observations already recorded will be taken into account. Should the number of satellites decrease, more time will be added. Should the number of satellites increase, time will be subtracted. The Receiver stops recording when the time limit is reached.

Press CONT (F1) to return to CONFIGURE\Occupation Settings.

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5. Configuring the Receiver

Working Example

Application - Post Processed Rapid Static Observation Recording

Technique - Rapid Static

Id Templates

Id Templates are not normally of use for Static, Rapid Static or Kinematic Reference Stations and should be set to No Template Used.

Requirement - You wish to view the Stop and Go Indicator on the Main Survey screen but do not want to automatically stop the survey.

Settings -

Other Settings - Use P-PRC (F5) to set the Baseline Length.

Field Procedure - After pressing OCUPY the time or epoch counter will

start. The Stop and Go Indicator percentage value will be shown in brackets next to this. It will run until STOP is pressed. The observations will not stop being recorded at 100% automatically. Further information regarding the STOP & GO indicator is available in STATUS\SURVEY\STOP&GO Indicator.

5. Configuring the Receiver

However, should you wish to use them, you will find you may also configure Id Templates for Auxiliary Points in exactly the same way as for normal points.

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5.2 Configuring the Receiver for Post-Processed Kinematic Operations

This section covers configuration of the receiver for Post-Processed Kinematic operations.

Operation Mode

Select the Operation Mode that you require. The Operation Mode defines which Configuration screens will be available to you.

You may choose between Standard and Advanced. Standard is recommended for most users. Advanced enables definition of parameters required for specialized applications.

When you have made your selection press CONT (F1) to go through the fixed order of parameter panels.

can then be accessed individually with CONT (F1). Changes are automatically stored at the end of the list. Changes in individual parameter panels can be stored with STORE (F3) without the need to go to the end of the list.

The Standard operation mode is described from here on. The extra configurable features available when Advanced is selected are described in Section 5.2.1.

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Or press LIST (F6) to get a listing of the available parameter panels which

5. Configuring the Receiver

Antenna

Select the Antenna configuration that you are using.

Ant. Name - Displays and selects the currently selected antenna setup.

Vert Offset - Displays the vertical offset defined in the Antenna setup (Ant Name).

Deflt Hgt - Displays a default height for the Antenna setup. If the antenna will always be mounted at a fixed height (E.g. on a pole or always at the same fixed location), enter the value. You will also get a chance to enter the height for each set up during survey operations.

Meas Type - Also, enter the means by which the Antenna height was measured. For kinematic measurements using a pole, this will be Vertical.

To select an antenna setup, highlight Ant. Name and press ENTER to open the drop down box. All of the existing antenna configurations are listed.

You may select from this list or enter your own antenna configuration by pressing the New (F2) key and entering the required information.

Most Post-Processed Kinematic Surveys are carried out using the System 500 pole. When a factory default pole setup is selected, (AT501 Pole/AT502 Pole) the Vertical Offset is set automatically at zero and the Deflt Hgt at 2.00m. Note that the settings from the currently highlighted antenna setup are taken over as suggested default values.

Advice on calculating Antenna Heights and offsets for Leica and non-Leica Antennas is given in Chapter 2.15.

Use the Edit (F3) key to edit the highlighted Antenna configuration. Use the DEL (F4) key to delete an Antenna configuration.

Use the DEFLT (F5) key to reveal default antenna configurations with current System 500 GPS antennas. This will then change to ALL.

5. Configuring the Receiver

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Leica GPS System 500 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1. Introduction

1.1 The GPS Antenna

1.2 The GPS Receiver

1.3 The TR500 Terminal

1.4 Data Storage

1.5 Batteries/Power Supply

1.5.1 Charging the Batteries

2. Equipment Set Up and Connection

2.1 GPS Receiver ports

2.2 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid Static/Reference on Pillar

2.3 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Static/Rapid Static/Reference on Tripod

2.4 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, Minipack and Pole

2.5 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, All on Pole, Direct Clip of TR500 on to Sensor

2.6 Equipment Setup - Post Processed Kinematic, All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated

2.7 Equipment Setup - Real Time Reference, single tripod

2.8 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Reference, Two Tripods

2.9 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, Pole and Minipack

2.10 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, All on Pole, direct clip of TR500 on to Sensor

2.11 Equipment Setup - Real-Time Rover, All on Pole, TR500 and Sensor separated

2.12 Equipment Setup - Real Time Rover, GIS Rover

2.13 Equipment Setup - Repeater Station and Repeater Box

2.14 Using the Minipack

2.15 Measuring Antenna Heights

2.15.1 Mechanical Reference Planes

2.15.2 Antenna Height components

2.15.3 Measuring Slope Heights

3. Using System 500 without a Terminal

3.1 Setting up the Equipment

3.2 Operation 3.3 Shut Down

3.4 LED Indicators

3.4.1 Power LED 3.4.2 Satellite Status LED

3.4.3 Memory Status LED

3.5 Field Record Sheet

4. TR500 Terminal Overview

4.1 Screen Layout

4.2 Status Icons

4.3 Keyboard

4.4 General Operating Principles

5. Configuring the Receiver

5.1 Configuring the Receiver for Static and Rapid Static Operations

5.1.1 Advanced Operation Mode for Static and Rapid Static

5.2 Configuring the Receiver for Post-Processed Kinematic Operations