Kurzweil Music Systems K2000 User's Manual

K 2000

usician’s Guide

1999 All rights reserved. Kurzweil is a product line of Young Chang Co.; V. A. S. T. is a registered trademark, and Kurzweil, K2vx, and K2000 are trademarks of Young Chang Co. All other products and brand names are trademarks/registered trademarks of their respective companies. Product features and speciÞcations are subject to change without notice. Further information: http://www.youngchang.com

Part Number: 910204-BIG

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE THE COVER

NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL

The lightning flash with the arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated

"dangerous voltage" within the product's enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.

The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and

maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the product.

IMPORTANT SAFETY & INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

INSTRUCTIONS PERTAINING TO THE RISK OF FIRE, ELECTRIC SHOCK, OR INJURY TO PERSONS

WARNING - When using electric products, basic precautions should always be followed, including the following:

1. Read all of the Safety and Installation Instructions and Explanation of Graphic Symbols before using the product.

2. This product must be grounded. If it should malfunction or breakdown, grounding provides a path of least resistance for electric current to reduce the risk of electric shock. This product is equipped with a power supply cord having an equipment-grounding conductor and a grounding plug. The plug must be plugged into an appropriate outlet which is properly installed and grounded in accordance with all local codes and ordinances.

DANGER - Improper connection of the equipment-grounding conductor can result in a risk of electric shock. Do not modify the plug provided

with the the product - if it will not fit the outlet, have a proper outlet installed by a qualified electrician. Do not use an adaptor which defeats the function of the equipment-grounding conductor. If you are in doubt as to whether the product is properly grounded, check with a qualified serviceman or electrician.

3. WARNING - This product is equipped with an AC input voltage selector. The voltage selector has been factory set for the mains supply voltage in the country where this unit was sold. Changing the voltage selector may require the use of a different power supply cord or attachment plug, or both. To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, refer servicing to qualified maintenance personnel.

4. Do not use this product near water - for example, near a bathtub, washbowl, kitchen sink, in a wet basement, or near a swimming pool, or the like.

5. This product should only be used with a stand or cart that is recommended by the manufacturer.

6. This product, either alone or in combination with an amplifier and speakers or headphones, may be capable of producing sound levels that could cause permanent hearing loss. Do not operate for a long period of time at a high volume level or at a level that is uncomfortable. If you experience any hearing loss or ringing in the ears, you should consult an audiologist.

7. The product should be located so that its location or position does not interfere with its proper ventilation.

8. The product should be located away from heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, or other products that produce heat.

9. The product should be connected to a power supply only of the type described in the operating instructions or as marked on the product.

10. This product may be equipped with a polarized line plug (one blade wider than the other). This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact an electrician to replace your obsolete outlet. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the plug.

11. The power supply cord of the product should be unplugged from the outlet when left unused for a long period of time. When unplugging the power supply cord, do not pull on the cord, but grasp it by the plug.

12. Care should be taken so that objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the enclosure through openings.

13. The product should be serviced by qualified service personnel when:

A. The power supply cord or the plug has been damaged; or B. Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the product; or C. The product has been exposed to rain; or D. The product does not appear to be operating normally or exhibits a marked change in performance; or E. The product has been dropped, or the enclosure damaged.

14. Do not attempt to to service the product beyond that described in the user maintenance instructions. All other servicing should be referred to qualified service personnel.

15. WARNING - Do not place objects on the product's power supply cord, or place the product in a position where anyone could trip over, walk on, or roll anything over cords of any type. Do not allow the product to rest on or be installed over cords of any type. Improper installations of this type create the possibility of a fire hazard and/or personal injury.

RADIO AND TELEVISION INTERFERENCE

Warning: Changes or modiﬁcations to this instrument not expressly approved by Young Chang could void your authority to operate the instrument. Important: When connecting this product to accessories and/or other equipment use only high quality shielded cables. Note: This instrument has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This instrument generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this instrument does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the instrument off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the instrument and the receiver.

• Connect the instrument into an outlet on a circuit other than the one to which the receiver is connected.

• If necessary consult your dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions.

NOTICE

This apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

AVIS

Le present appareil numerique n’emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de la class B prescrites dans le Reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere des Communications du Canada.

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS

Table of Contents

Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................1-1

Welcome! ........................................................................................................................1-1

Overview of the K2vx ..................................................................................................... 1-1

What is VAST? ...................................................................................................1-2

How the K2vx Works ......................................................................................... 1-2

How to use this manual ...................................................................................................1-2

Startup ................................................................................................................................................... 2-1

Basic Startup Checklist: ..................................................................................................2-1

Startup—the Details ........................................................................................................2-1

Before You Start... ..............................................................................................2-1

The Rear Panel ................................................................................................................2-2

Playing the Presets .......................................................................................................... 2-4

Programs ............................................................................................................. 2-4

Setups ..................................................................................................................2-4

Quick Access ...................................................................................................... 2-5

Performance Controls ..................................................................................................... 2-6

K2vx Boot Loader ...........................................................................................................2-6

Starting the Boot Loader .....................................................................................2-6

Boot-loader Main Menu: .....................................................................................2-6

Install System / Install Objects ...........................................................................2-7

Run System ......................................................................................................... 2-8

Hard Reset ........................................................................................................... 2-8

Run Diags ............................................................................................................2-8

Fixed Diags ......................................................................................................... 2-8

User Interface Basics ............................................................................................................................ 3-1

Mode Selection ............................................................................................................... 3-1

Mode Buttons ......................................................................................................3-1

Navigation ...........................................................................................................3-1

The Display ......................................................................................................... 3-1

Pages ................................................................................................................... 3-2

The Top Line .......................................................................................................3-2

The Bottom Line .................................................................................................3-2

The Soft Buttons ................................................................................................. 3-2

The Cursor Buttons .............................................................................................3-2

Data Entry ....................................................................................................................... 3-4

The Alpha Wheel ................................................................................................ 3-4

The Plus/Minus Buttons ...................................................................................... 3-4

The Alphanumeric Pad .......................................................................................3-4

Double Button Presses ........................................................................................ 3-5

Intuitive Data Entry .........................................................................................................3-6

Changing the Current Layer in Multi-Layer Programs .......................................3-6

Search Function .................................................................................................. 3-6

The Panel Play Feature (K2vxR) .................................................................................... 3-7

TOC-3

Table of Contents

The Operating Modes ...........................................................................................................................4-1

What the Modes Are .......................................................................................................4-1

Selecting Modes ..............................................................................................................4-1

Using the Modes .............................................................................................................4-3

Editing Conventions ..............................................................................................................................5-1

Introduction to Editing ....................................................................................................5-1

Object Type and ID .........................................................................................................5-2

Saving and Naming .........................................................................................................5-2

Deleting Objects ..............................................................................................................5-4

Memory Banks ................................................................................................................5-5

Special Button Functions ................................................................................................5-6

Program Mode and the Program Editor ............................................................................................6-1

K2vx Program Structure .................................................................................................6-2

The Program Mode Page .................................................................................................6-2

What are these programs in parentheses? ...........................................................6-2

The Soft Buttons in Program Mode ....................................................................6-3

Using the Program Editor ...............................................................................................6-4

The Soft Buttons in the Program Editor ..............................................................6-4

Algorithm Basics .................................................................................................6-5

Common DSP Control Parameters .....................................................................6-6

The Program Editor—Pages ...........................................................................................6-9

The Algorithm (ALG) Page ................................................................................6-9

The LAYER Page .............................................................................................6-10

The KEYMAP Page ..........................................................................................6-14

The PITCH Page ...............................................................................................6-16

F1–F3 Pages ......................................................................................................6-17

The F4 AMP Page .............................................................................................6-17

The OUTPUT Page ...........................................................................................6-18

The EFFECT Page ............................................................................................6-21

The COMMON Page ........................................................................................6-22

The Amplitude Envelope (AMPENV) Page .....................................................6-24

Envelopes 2 and 3 .............................................................................................6-27

The Envelope Control (ENVCTL) Page ...........................................................6-27

The LFO Page ...................................................................................................6-29

The ASR Page ...................................................................................................6-30

The FUN Page ...................................................................................................6-31

The VTRIG Page ..............................................................................................6-32

The Function Soft Buttons ................................................................................6-32

Setup Mode and the Setup Editor .......................................................................................................7-1

Setup Mode .....................................................................................................................7-1

The Setup Editor .............................................................................................................7-2

Quick Access Mode and the

Quick Access Editor ..............................................................................................................................8-1

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor ...................................................................................................9-1

The Effects Mode Page ...................................................................................................9-1

TOC-4

Table of Contents

The Soft Buttons on the Effects mode Page ....................................................... 9-1

Effects Mode Parameters ................................................................................................ 9-2

Understanding FX Mode and FX Channel ......................................................... 9-2

Another Use for Effects Mode ............................................................................ 9-5

The Effects Editor ...........................................................................................................9-5

Editing Effects .................................................................................................... 9-6

Configurations and Parameters .......................................................................................9-7

MIDI Mode ..........................................................................................................................................10-1

The Transmit (XMIT) Page ..........................................................................................10-1

Physical Control Parameters .............................................................................10-4

The Receive (RECV) Page ........................................................................................... 10-5

The Channels Page ........................................................................................................ 10-8

Parameter Locks ..............................................................................................10-10

Program Change Formats ........................................................................................... 10-10

Extended and Kurzweil Program Change Types ............................................10-11

The Soft Buttons in MIDI Mode ................................................................................. 10-18

Master Mode ........................................................................................................................................11-1

The Master Mode Page ................................................................................................. 11-1

The Soft Buttons in Master Mode ................................................................................. 11-4

Guitar/Wind Controller Mode .......................................................................................11-5

Object Utilities ..............................................................................................................11-6

Move ................................................................................................................. 11-7

Copy ..................................................................................................................11-8

Name ................................................................................................................. 11-9

Delete ................................................................................................................ 11-9

Dump ...............................................................................................................11-10

Accessing the Object Utilities from the Editor ...............................................11-10

Song Mode ........................................................................................................................................... 12-1

Getting Started with the Sequencer ...............................................................................12-1

A Word about the Local Keyboard Channel .....................................................12-1

Tutorial: Recording a song ................................................................................12-2

...........................................................................................................................12-3

MAIN Page ................................................................................................................. 12-11

Soft Buttons on the MAIN Page ..................................................................... 12-15

Save this song? Dialog ....................................................................................12-16

Save New song? Dialog ..................................................................................12-17

Erase Track Dialog .........................................................................................12-17

MISC Page ..................................................................................................................12-18

Soft Buttons on the MISC Page ......................................................................12-22

MIX Page ....................................................................................................................12-23

Soft Buttons on the MIX Page ........................................................................12-24

The Edit Song Pages ................................................................................................... 12-25

Edit Song: COMMON Page ....................................................................................... 12-25

Parameters used with the Arrangement Feature ............................................. 12-26

Soft Buttons on the Edit Song: COMMON Page ........................................... 12-27

TOC-5

Table of Contents

Edit Song: EVENT Page .............................................................................................12-28

Soft Buttons on the Edit Song: EVENT Page .................................................12-29

Edit Song: TRACK Page ............................................................................................12-31

Common Parameters for Edit Song: Track Functions ....................................12-32

Region / Criteria Window Parameters ............................................................12-32

Soft Buttons on the Edit Song: Track Page .....................................................12-33

Edit Song: Track Functions – Erase ............................................................................12-34

Edit Song: Track Functions – Copy ............................................................................12-34

Edit Song: Track Functions – Bounce ........................................................................12-35

Edit Song: Track Functions – Insert ...........................................................................12-35

Edit Song: Track Functions – Delete ..........................................................................12-36

Edit Song: Track Functions – Quantize ......................................................................12-36

Edit Song: Track Functions – Reference Quantize .....................................................12-37

Edit Song: Track Functions – Shift .............................................................................12-38

Edit Song: Track Functions – Transpose ....................................................................12-39

Edit Song: Track Functions – Change ........................................................................12-39

Edit Song: Track Functions – Thin .............................................................................12-40

Edit Song: Track Functions – Remap .........................................................................12-41

Edit Song: Track Functions – Grab .............................................................................12-41

Edit Song: STEP Page .................................................................................................12-43

Recording with the STEP editor .....................................................................12-43

Soft Buttons on the Edit Song: STEP Page .....................................................12-45

Edit Song: ARRANGE Page .......................................................................................12-46

Triggering Steps from a Key ...........................................................................12-47

Soft Buttons on the Edit Song: ARRANGE Page ...........................................12-48

Selecting a Song for Playback ....................................................................................12-49

Effect Selection During Recording and Playback .......................................................12-49

Synchronizing Songs .......................................................................................12-49

Memory Limits ...........................................................................................................12-50

Loading Songs From Disk ..........................................................................................12-50

Recording Multi-timbral Sequences via MIDI ...........................................................12-50

Disk Mode ............................................................................................................................................13-1

Disk Mode Page ............................................................................................................13-1

Using your K2vx in a SCSI System ..................................................................13-4

Directories ......................................................................................................... 13-4

Path ....................................................................................................................13-4

Startup ............................................................................................................... 13-5

Library ...............................................................................................................13-5

Disk Drive Information .....................................................................................13-5

Macro On Indicator ...........................................................................................13-5

Disk Mode Soft Buttons ....................................................................................13-5

File List Dialog .............................................................................................................13-6

The File Index ...................................................................................................13-8

Soft Buttons in the File List Dialog ..................................................................13-8

Total ................................................................................................................ 13-10

TOC-6

Table of Contents

Quick Scrolling to Subdirectories ................................................................... 13-10

Creating Directories ....................................................................................................13-11

Creating a Directory with NewDir .................................................................. 13-11

Creating a Directory with Save -> NewDir .................................................... 13-12

The Directory Selection Dialog ..................................................................................13-12

Disk Mode Functions .................................................................................................. 13-13

Loading Files .................................................................................................. 13-13

Loading Individual Objects .............................................................................13-13

Shortcuts when Loading Objects ....................................................................13-16

Loading Dependents of Selected Objects .......................................................13-17

Auditioning Samples from a Disk File ........................................................... 13-17

Loading Objects from Floppy Disk Files ........................................................13-18

Load Function Dialog ................................................................................................. 13-18

Bank Status Indicator ...................................................................................... 13-18

Loading Methods ............................................................................................ 13-18

Multiple Selection of Files to Load ................................................................ 13-21

Aborting a Multiple File Load ........................................................................ 13-21

More Load Function Enhancements ............................................................... 13-22

Saving Files ................................................................................................................. 13-22

Soft Buttons in the "Save Selection" Dialog ................................................... 13-24

Saving Individual Objects ...............................................................................13-24

Shortcuts when Saving Objects ...................................................................... 13-24

Auditioning Objects in RAM ..........................................................................13-25

Saving Dependent Objects .............................................................................. 13-26

The Name Table .............................................................................................. 13-27

Working with Relink-by-Name ...................................................................... 13-28

Not Loading the Name Table .......................................................................... 13-31

Relink-by-Name Processing Time .................................................................. 13-31

The Multiple Object Selector Page .............................................................................13-32

Multiple Object Selector Soft Buttons ............................................................ 13-33

Entering Selection Criteria in the Multiple Object Selector ........................... 13-34

More Features of the Save Dialog ..................................................................13-37

Macros .........................................................................................................................13-38

The Macro Page .............................................................................................. 13-38

Macro Modes ..................................................................................................13-39

The Macro Table .............................................................................................13-40

How to Make a Macro File ............................................................................. 13-41

Macro Entries ..................................................................................................13-45

Using the Bank and Mode Fields ....................................................................13-46

Viewing the Object List for a Macro Entry ....................................................13-46

Unspecified Disk Drive ID ............................................................................. 13-47

The Library Disk .............................................................................................13-47

Loading Selected Entries from a Macro File .................................................. 13-49

Editing Macros ................................................................................................13-50

Macro Insert ....................................................................................................13-53

TOC-7

Table of Contents

Saving and Loading a Macro Table in a .KRZ file .........................................13-54

Aborting a Macro Load ...................................................................................13-54

Disk Utilities ...............................................................................................................13-55

Find Files .........................................................................................................13-56

List ..................................................................................................................13-57

Free ..................................................................................................................13-58

Moving Files Between Directories .................................................................13-59

Renaming Files ...............................................................................................13-60

Deleting Files and Directories .........................................................................13-61

Backup and Copy Functions .......................................................................................13-61

File Copy .........................................................................................................13-63

Creating a Startup File ................................................................................................13-63

Deleting Banks in a Startup File .....................................................................13-64

MS-DOS File System Compatibility ..........................................................................13-65

File Name Compatibility .................................................................................13-65

Importing and Exporting Data using Standard File Formats ......................................13-65

AIFF and AIFF-C Files ...................................................................................13-66

WAVE Files ....................................................................................................13-66

MIDI Type 0 Files ...........................................................................................13-66

DSP Functions .....................................................................................................................................14-1

Introduction to Algorithm Programming ......................................................................14-1

Additional Parameters .......................................................................................14-3

Filters ............................................................................................................................14-5

How to read the graphs .....................................................................................14-6

Equalization (EQ) .......................................................................................................14-22

Pitch / Amplitude / Panner ..........................................................................................14-31

Mixers .........................................................................................................................14-34

Waveforms .................................................................................................................. 14-35

Added Waveforms ......................................................................................................14-38

Non-linear Functions ...................................................................................................14-38

Waveforms Combined with Non-linear Functions .....................................................14-47

Mixers with Non-linear Inputs ....................................................................................14-49

Hard Sync Functions ...................................................................................................14-50

Sampling and Sample Editing ............................................................................................................15-1

Setting Up For Sampling ...............................................................................................15-1

Cables and Input Jacks ......................................................................................15-1

Entering The Sampler - Two Different Ways ...................................................15-1

Sampling Analog Signals ..................................................................................15-2

Recording Samples ...........................................................................................15-5

Using the Digital Outputs .............................................................................................15-8

Editing Samples ............................................................................................................15-8

The Function Soft Buttons in the Sample Editor ..............................................15-9

TRIM ...............................................................................................................15-13

The Soft Buttons on the DSP Page .................................................................15-17

DSP Functions .................................................................................................15-18

TOC-8

Table of Contents

Crossfade and Volume Adjust Curves ............................................................ 15-30

Reading Samples ......................................................................................................... 15-31

Akai .................................................................................................................15-31

Roland .............................................................................................................15-32

EPS ..................................................................................................................15-32

The Keymap Editor .....................................................................................................15-33

The Soft Buttons in the Keymap Editor .......................................................... 15-34

The Keymap Editor Parameters ......................................................................15-35

Building a Keymap ..................................................................................................... 15-37

FUNS .................................................................................................................................................... 16-1

The Mechanics of Control Sources ...............................................................................16-1

Programming the FUNs ................................................................................................ 16-2

The FUN Equations ...................................................................................................... 16-3

The List of Equations ........................................................................................16-4

.........................................................................................................................16-10

Warp Equations ............................................................................................... 16-10

Sawtooth LFOs ............................................................................................... 16-13

Chaotic LFOs ..................................................................................................16-13

Diode Equations ..............................................................................................16-14

The Order of Evaluation for FUNs ............................................................................. 16-16

Other Editors ....................................................................................................................................... 17-1

The Intonation Table Editor ..........................................................................................17-1

The Velocity Map Editor ..............................................................................................17-3

Using the Velocity Map Editor .....................................................................................17-3

The Pressure Map Editor ..............................................................................................17-6

Audio Outputs ..................................................................................................................................... 18-1

Audio Configurations ....................................................................................................18-1

Using the MIX Outputs ................................................................................................. 18-1

Using the Separate Outputs ........................................................................................... 18-2

Using Stereo Insert Cables ................................................................................18-3

Output Groups and MIDI Channels .............................................................................. 18-4

Programming Examples ..................................................................................................................... 19-1

Example 1 ..................................................................................................................... 19-1

Trumpet with Delayed Vibrato and Velocity-triggered Stabs .......................... 19-1

Example 2 ..................................................................................................................... 19-4

Lowpass Filter, Envelopes ................................................................................19-4

Example 3 ..................................................................................................................... 19-6

Sample and Hold; Using a FUN ....................................................................... 19-6

Example 4 ..................................................................................................................... 19-7

SHAPER and PANNER ................................................................................... 19-7

Example 5 ..................................................................................................................... 19-9

Building a Drum Program; Using the Keymap Editor ......................................19-9

Front Panel ..........................................................................................................................................20-1

Front Panel Quick Reference ........................................................................................20-1

Mode Button Functions .................................................................................................20-3

TOC-9

Table of Contents

.......................................................................................................................................20-4

Programs, Setups, and Keymaps .......................................................................................................21-1

K2vx Program List ........................................................................................................21-1

Setup List ......................................................................................................................21-9

........................................................................ Storing Objects in the Memory Banks 21-10

K2500 ROM Keymaps ................................................................................................21-11

Effects ................................................................................................................................................... 22-1

List of Factory Preset Global Effects and Their Configurations ..................................22-1

Effects Controller Numbers ..........................................................................................22-2

LFOs ..................................................................................................................................................... 23-1

LFO Shapes ...................................................................................................................23-1

Note Numbers and Intonation Tables ...............................................................................................24-1

K2vx Note Numbers and MIDI Note Numbers ............................................................24-1

Note Numbers for Percussion Keymaps .......................................................................24-1

5-Octave Percussion Keymaps (C2 - C7) .........................................................24-1

2-Octave Percussion Keymaps (C3 - C5) .........................................................24-2

List and Description of Intonation Tables .....................................................................24-3

Control Sources ...................................................................................................................................25-1

Control Sources .............................................................................................................25-1

Descriptions of Control sources ....................................................................................25-3

MIDI Control Source List .................................................................................25-3

Main Control Source List ..................................................................................25-6

DSP Algorithms ...................................................................................................................................26-1

Memory Upgrades and Other Options .............................................................................................27-1

Program RAM vs. Sample RAM ..................................................................................27-1

Viewing RAM Objects ......................................................................................27-1

Choosing SIMMs for Sample RAM .............................................................................27-2

Using Headphones with the K2vx ................................................................................27-2

Maintenance and Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................28-1

Preventitive Maintenance ..............................................................................................28-1

Battery selection and Replacement ...............................................................................28-1

User-callable Diagnostics .............................................................................................28-2

Maximizing Music and Minimizing Noise ...................................................................28-2

Power Problems and Solutions .....................................................................................28-4

Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................ 28-4

Other Possible Problems ...................................................................................28-5

MIDI and SCSI Sample Dumps .........................................................................................................29-1

SCSI Guidelines ............................................................................................................29-1

K2vx and Macintosh Computers .......................................................................29-2

Accessing a K2vx Internal Drive from the Mac ...............................................29-3

The MIDI Sample Dump Standard ...............................................................................29-3

SMDI Sample Transfers ................................................................................................29-7

System Exclusive Protocol ..................................................................................................................30-1

K2vx System Exclusive Implementation ......................................................................30-1

Button Press Equivalence Table .......................................................................30-7

TOC-10

Table of Contents

Glossary ............................................................................................................................................... 31-1

Specifications .......................................................................................................................................32-1

K2vx FEATURES ........................................................................................................ 32-1

Environmental Specifications ....................................................................................... 32-3

Physical Specifications ................................................................................................. 32-3

Electrical Specifications ................................................................................................32-3

MIDI Implementation Chart .........................................................................................32-4

K2vx Program Farm ............................................................................................................................ A-1

Overview of Program Files ............................................................................................ A-1

Programs Within the Files ................................................................................. A-2

ANACOMPS.K25 ......................................................................................................... A-3

ANALEADS.K25 .......................................................................................................... A-4

ANAPADS.K25 ............................................................................................................. A-5

BASS.K25 ...................................................................................................................... A-6

BELLS.K25 ................................................................................................................... A-7

BRASS.K25 ................................................................................................................... A-8

DIGITAL.K25 ............................................................................................................... A-9

DKICKSNR.K25 ......................................................................................................... A-10

DRUMS.K25 ............................................................................................................... A-11

ENSEMBLE.K25 ......................................................................................................... A-12

ETHEREAL.K25 ......................................................................................................... A-13

FXSOUNDS.K25 ......................................................................................................... A-14

GUITARS.K25 ............................................................................................................ A-15

HYBPERC.K25 ........................................................................................................... A-16

HYBRIDS.K25 ............................................................................................................ A-17

ORGANS.K25 ............................................................................................................. A-18

PNOEPNO.K25 ........................................................................................................... A-19

STRINGS.K25 ............................................................................................................. A-20

VOX.K25 ..................................................................................................................... A-21

K2vx Compatibility ...............................................................................................................................B-1

K2vx Compatibility Files ................................................................................................B-1

Converting K2vx Files to K2vx Files .............................................................................B-2

Converting programs from the K2vx to K2vx ................................................................B-3

Programs using Drum samples ...........................................................................B-3

Effects Programs .................................................................................................B-3

Keymaps .............................................................................................................B-3

Orchestral ROM .................................................................................................................................. C-1

Contemporary ROM ........................................................................................................................... D-1

TOC-11

Table of Contents

TOC-12

Introduction

Overview of the K2vx

Chapter 1 Introduction

Welcome!

Congratulations, and thanks for purchasing the Kurzweil/Young Chang K2vx! YouÕve got your hands on an extremely capable musical instrument packed with great acoustic, electric, and synth soundsÑcombined with some of the most advanced synthesis features available, which you can use to create almost any sound imaginable.

Overview of the K2vx

The K2vx has been designed to be a versatile instrument both for performance, and for multitimbral sequencing and recording. Its Variable Architecture Synthesis Technology lets you build sounds from realistic instrumental samples and sampled synth waveformsÑthen modify the nature of those sounds through a dazzling array of digital signal processing (DSP) functions. The K2vx also generates its own synth waveforms, which can be combined with the samples or used on their own. The K2vx packs 8 Megabytes of on-board sound ROM, and you can load samples from disk into optional sample RAM.

Before we get into explaining Variable Architecture Synthesis, here are a few of the features that by themselves make the K2vx an impressive stage and studio machine. ItÕs fully multitimbralÑdifferent programs can be played on each MIDI channel. ItÕs 48-note polyphonic, for a full sound no matter how many chords you play. ThereÕs an on-board digital effects processor, providing up to four simultaneous effects, including realtime effects control, internally or via MIDI.

In addition to the standard stereo audio output pair, there are eight separate outputs that can be conÞgured as stereo pairs, or as individual mono outputs. You can also use the separate outputs as insert points for outboard gear.

The K2vx offers eight SIMM sockets (single, in-line memory modules) so you can add optional sample RAM, where you can store samples that youÕve loaded from disk. You can add up to 128 megabytes of sample RAM! (Sample RAM is not battery-backed, so RAM samples are erased from memory when you power down.)

For ofßine storage, thereÕs also a ßoppy drive and two ßoppies or on an external hard disk or load them from a CD-ROM drive. The two SCSI ports make it easy to chain multiple SCSI devices together. ThereÕs also provision for an internal SCSI hard disk. YouÕll Þnd all this storage potential extremely useful for saving and loading samples, which can be transferred to and from the K2vx using the standard MIDI sample transfer format, or the new, faster, parallel SMDI sample transfer format (SCSI Musical Data Interchange). See the Reference Guide for information about MIDI and SMDI sample transfers.

SCSI ports, so you can store Þles on

The K2vxÕs battery-backed RAM will store about 400 of your own programs, or 30,000 notes recorded in the sequencer. This sequencer (Song mode) lets you play back MIDI type 0 sequences, record and play back your own songs, and record multi-timbral sequences received via MIDI. For more onboard storage you can add the P/RAM option, which will increase your battery-backed RAM to about 1280K, enough to store hundreds of additional programs, setups, songs, and other objects .

The Local Keyboard Channel feature enables you to use the K2vxÕs tri-zone setups even if your MIDI controller can transmit on only one channel. The K2vx will also rechannelize incoming

1-1

Introduction

How to use this manual

MIDI information and send it to its MIDI Out port, enabling you to control additional synths on three different channels.

An optional sampling feature is available, allowing you to make your own mono or stereo samples using analog or digital inputs.

And, of course, thereÕs the incomparable Kurzweil sound. The K2vx comes to you with 200 preset factory programs (called patches, presets, voices, etc. on other synths), as well as 100 multi-zone performance setups. Play them straight from the box, tweak them in any number of ways, or develop your own programs from scratchÑwhich brings us back to the powerful programming capabilities of the K2vx.

What is VAST?

Variable Architecture Synthesis gives the K2vx its unprecedented ßexibility. While many other

synthesizers offer a Þxed set of the K2vxÕs Variable Architecture lets you arrange a combination of any Þve DSP functions from a long list of choices. The functions you choose deÞne the type of synthesis you use.

DSP tools (typically Þltering, pitch, and amplitude modulation)

Each layer of every program has its own DSP architecture, what we call an algorithm . Within each algorithm, you can select from a variety of DSP functions. Each function can be independently controlled by a variety of sources including LFOs, ASRs, envelopes, a set of unique programmable functions (FUNs), as well as any MIDI control message. The many different DSP functions and the wealth of independent control sources give you an extremely ßexible, truly vast collection of tools for sound creation and modiÞcation.

How the K2vx Works

The K2vx integrates two MIDI-driven components: a sound engine, and a global effects processor. The sound engine responds to the MIDI events generated by your MIDI controller and turns them into sounds that are processed within the variable architecture of the algorithms. The resulting sound can then be routed through the effects processor and to the MIX or separate audio outputs.

How to use this manual

This manual includes the following:

how to connect and power up your K2vx, getting around the front panel, and a brief

•

description of the operating modes.

basic editing, including the normal operations of each operating mode.

•

the advanced programming features that make the K2vx so powerfulÑa number of

•

familiar synthesis tools and quite a few new ones.

Even if youÕre a complete techie, you should read Chapter 3, User Interface Basics. Here youÕll get a tour of the K2vxÕs front panel and learn how to navigate through the major functions.

1-2

Chapter 4 describes the concept and operation of the K2vxÕs eight operating modes, with a brief description of each. Chapters 6 through 13 describe each mode in detail, including the editors contained within them. Chapters 14 through 17 discuss the advanced editing features. Chapter 18 shows you how to use the multiple audio outputs to suit your needs. Chapter 19 is a programming tutorial, giving you speciÞc examples of many of the K2vxÕs programming functions. Some are basic, some are advanced. By working through the tutorials, youÕll become familiar with many synthesis techniques, and youÕll get a Þrst-hand look at how to unleash the power of the K2vx.

How to use this manual

When manual text appears in boldface italic ( like this ), youÕll Þnd it described in the Glossary in the Reference Guide . Only the Þrst one or two occurrences of these words are highlighted.

The best way to read this manual is with your K2vx in front of you. By trying the examples we give to illustrate various functions, you can get a quick understanding of the basics, then move on to the more advanced features.

If you like to Þgure out your equipment for yourself, and normally use manuals only as reference sources, youÕll probably get the most use out of the Reference Guide that accompanies this manual, which contains brief descriptions of the K2vxÕs major operating features, and all sorts of useful listsÑ programs , keymaps , algorithms , effects, control sources , and more. A glossary and complete speciÞcations for the K2vx are also included in the Reference Guide.

Introduction

1-3

Introduction

How to use this manual

1-4

Startup

Startup—the Details

Chapter 2 Startup

If hooking up new gear is familiar to you, and you just want to get going, hereÕs a quick description of all the basic things you need to cover to get started with your K2vx. If you need more information, thorough descriptions of each step follow. In either case, check out ÒPlaying the Presets,Ó later in this chapter.

Basic Startup Checklist:

Install the supplied batteries. See "Battery Installation" on page 2-2.

•

Mount your K2vxR securely in a standard 19-inch MIDI rack, or set it on a hard ßat

•

surface. Make sure to leave plenty of room for ventilation.

If you will be transporting the rack containing the K2vxR, be sure to support the back of

•

the unit. ItÕs fairly heavy, and you donÕt want your K2vxR to get damaged when you

move the rack around.

Connect the power cable.

•

Make sure your sound system is at a safe volume level.

•

Plug in a pair of stereo headphones or run standard (1/4-inch) audio cables from your

•

ampliÞer or mixer to the MIX audio outputs on the K2vx (Use the MIX L out for mono).

ItÕs good practice to make the cable connection to the K2vx (or any instrument) last, since

this will reduce the chance of creating static electricity that can cause an audible "pop"

(and, in extreme cases, cause equipment damage).

Connect a MIDI cable from the MIDI Out port of your MIDI controller to the MIDI In port

•

of the K2vx.

Power up and start jamming.

•

If you hear distortion, reduce the gain on your mixing board, or use the pad if it has one.

•

Scroll through the Program list with the Alpha Wheel (the large knob to the right of the

•

display).

If your MIDI controller can transmit on more than one MIDI channel, check out Setup

•

mode by pressing the Setup mode button. Then use the Alpha Wheel to select tri-zone

setups with independent programs, MIDI channels and controller assignments in each

zone.

Press the Quick Access mode button and use the numeric keys to select from

•

programmable banks of ten programs or setups.

If you donÕt hear anything, review these steps, or check the Troubleshooting section in the

•

Reference Guide .

Startup—the Details

This section will walk you through the hookup of your K2vx. WeÕll take a look at the rear panel, then describe the power, audio, and other cable connections.

Before You Start...

DonÕt connect anything until you make sure your K2vx is properly and safely situated. Also, if your K2vx has been out in the cold, give the unit a little time to warm up to room temperature before starting it, since condensation may have formed inside the K2vx.

YouÕll probably be mounting the K2vx in a standard 19-inch MIDI rack (it takes up three rack spaces). If you will be transporting the rack containing the K2vxR, be sure to support the back of the K2vx within the rack.

If youÕre not installing the K2vx in a rack, it should rest on a hard ßat surface. In this case, it

must rest on its rubber feet (supplied in the packing carton), and NOT on the bottom panel.

2-1

Startup

The Rear Panel

NEVER block the ventilation openings on the bottom or rear panels; doing so can cause

overheating and serious damage. To provide adequate ventilation, the rear panel should be at least four inches from any vertical surface. There are no user-serviceable parts in the K2vx . Under no circumstances should you attempt to remove any panels (except for battery installation or replacement). If you attempt to open your K2vx, youÕll risk electric shock, and youÕll void your product warranty.

The Rear Panel

Battery Installation

WeÕve included three AA batteries for your K2vxÕs battery-backed RAM. We didnÕt install the batteries at the factory because they would drain during shipping. You should install the batteries before you start up your K2vx.

Locate the battery compartment in the lower right-hand corner of the rear panel (refer the illustration on the following page). Remove the battery compartment cover by inserting a ßathead screwdriver or coin into its slot, then turning it counterclockwise until it pops out. Slide the three batteries, all positive side out, into the compartment. Install the battery compartment cover by lining up the tabs, pushing the cap inward, then turning it 90 your unit for the Þrst time after installing the batteries, it will take a few minutes to initialize all of its memory. This will not happen on every power up.

. When you start up

Connecting the Power Cable (Line Cord)

The K2vx runs on 100-, 120-, 220-, or 240-Volt AC power at 50Ñ60 Hz. Your dealer will set the voltage switch to match the voltage in your area. The voltage level is set with a selector on the rear panel of the keyboard models of the K2vx. On the K2vxR, however, the voltage setting can only be changed by an authorized Kurzweil service center.

As you face the rear panel of the K2vx, the power connector is toward the righthand side. When youÕve connected the cable at the K2vx end, plug it into a grounded outlet. If your power source does not have the standard three-hole outlet, you should take the time to install a proper grounding system. This will assure you of avoiding problems with audio hum, and will reduce the risk of a shock hazard.

Connecting the Audio Cables

Did you turn down the level on your PA yet?!

After youÕve turned down the level on your sound system, you can rig the K2vxÕs audio connections using a pair of mono audio cables. YouÕll Þnd ten 1/4-inch jacks near the top of the rear panel. For now, connect one end of each audio cable to your mixing board or PA system inputs, and connect the other end to the jacks marked MIX L and R on the rear panel of the K2vx. If you have only one input available, use the K2vxÕs MIX L output to get the full signal in mono.

ItÕs always a good idea to make the cable connection to the K2vx (or any instrument) after youÕve made your other audio connections, since this will reduce the chance of creating static electricity that can cause an audible "pop" (and, in extreme cases, cause equipment damage). Turn to Chapter 18 for more detailed information about the K2vxÕs audio conÞguration.

Connecting MIDI

The simplest MIDI conÞguration uses a single MIDI cable, from the MIDI Out port of your MIDI controller to the MIDI In port of the K2vx. There are all sorts of possible conÞgurations, including additional synths, personal computers, MIDI effects processors, and MIDI patch bays. Depending on your system, you may want to use the K2vxÕs MIDI Thru port to pass MIDI information from your MIDI controller to the K2vx and on to the next device in your system. You can also connect MIDI devices to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port, which can send channelized MIDI information from your MIDI controller. See the discussion of the Local Keyboard Channel parameter in Chapter 10.

2-2

Startup

The Rear Panel

NOTE: You can perform a quick check of the K2vxR and your audio system without a MIDI controller connected to the K2vxR. Hold down the CANCEL button on the alphanumeric pad and press any other alphanumeric button, and you should hear notes. See "The Panel Play Feature" in Chapter 3 for more information about this feature.

Power

Optical Out

KDS Output

MIDI

Audio Outs

MIDI Select

Thru / OutOutThru / OutInSCSI

Mfr: Serial No.

SCSI Thru

OutIn

Digital

THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TWO CONDITIONS: (1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE, AND (2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED, INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION.

Connecting SCSI

You may not have a hard disk or other SCSI device to connect to your K2vx right away, but if you do, you can connect it to either of the SCSI ports. Please read the following information carefully; itÕs very important.

IMPORTANT NOTE: If you plan to connect more than one SCSI device to the K2vx (including an Apple Macintosh Ò ), you must terminate your SCSI chain properly. Turn to Chapter 13 and read the section called ÒSCSI Termination.Ó You can lose data, and possibly damage your K2vx and SCSI devices if theyÕre not terminated properly.

Switching On the Power

RLLR

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE

ATTENTION:

NE PAS OUVRIR

WARNING:

TO REDUCE RISK OF FIRE OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS PRODUCT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

Mix

RLLR

WARNING:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST THE RISK OF FIRE, REPLACE ONLY WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING OF FUSE.

ATTENTION:

Made in KoreaYoung Chang Akki, Co., LTD

UTILISER UN FUSIBLE DE

RECHANGE DE MEME TYPE.

100/120V ~ T 2.00A 250V SLOW-BLOW 220/240V ~ T 1.00A 250V SLOW-BLOW

100/120/220/240V ~ AC

1.5/0.75A 48-65HZ

Batteries

The power switch is located at the lower left of the front panel. When you power up, the display will brießy say ÒWelcome to the K2vx!Ó The Program Mode display will then appear. It looks like the diagram below (the programs shown in the diagram donÕt necessarily exist):

ProgramMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:1||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@ |198|Analog|Jam||||||

KeyMap|Info||||||| # | 199|Default|Program|

Grand|Piano||||| | # | ||1|Righteous|Piano|

|||||||||||||||||| # |||2|Mondo|Bass|||||| |||||||||||||||||| # |||3|Killer|Drums||||

%%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$ | | |4|Wee p ing|Gu i tar||

Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| | View|| | Chan-| | Chan+

Set the volume at a comfortable level. YouÕll get the best signal-to-noise ratio if you keep the K2vx at full volume (turn the volume knob fully clockwise), and adjust the level from your mixing board. You may also want to adjust the display contrast. This is done with the Contrast parameter in Master mode. See Chapter 11. As you trigger notes from your MIDI controller, youÕll see the MIDI LED ßash. If it doesnÕt ßash, check your MIDI cables and connections.

2-3

Startup

Playing the Presets

There are three things youÕll want to check out right away: programs, setups and Quick Access banks. In performance situations, youÕll be selecting your sounds using one of these three methods.

Programs

The K2vx powers up in Program mode, where you can select and play programs stored in

ROM or RAM . Programs are preset sounds composed of one to three layers of samples or

waveformsÑtheyÕre called patches, voices, and presets on other instruments. If youÕve left Program mode, just press the Program mode button to return.

Take a minute to familiarize yourself with the Program mode display. It gives you some helpful basic information, like the MIDI transposition, what MIDI channel youÕre on, and which program is currently selected. The box at the left of the display tells you which keymap is used by each layer of the current program (a keymap is a collection of samples). The line under each keymap name gives a rough indication of the keyboard range of the layer. In the Þgure below, the Grand Piano keymap covers the full range from C 0 to C 8. You can change MIDI channels with the Chan- and Chan+ buttons under the display. You can transpose by octaves by pressing the Octav buttons under the display (if the LocalKbdCh parameter on the RECV page in MIDI mode matches the transmitting channel of your MIDI controllerÑsee Chapter 10). The bottom line of the display identiÞes the function of each of the buttons beneath the display.

ProgramMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:1||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@|199|Default|Program| KeyMap|Info|||||||#|200*Crystal|Horn|||| |Grand|Piano||||||#|||1|Righteous|Piano| ||||||||||||||||||#|||2|Mondo|Bass|||||| ||||||||||||||||||#|||3|Killer|Drums|||| %%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$|||4|Weeping|Guitar|| Octav-|Octav+|Panic||View|||Chan-||Chan+

When you want to change programs, you have several options. The K2vx has six different settings for responding to MIDI program change commands. These are explained in Chapter 10, so we wonÕt go into them here. You should be able to change programs by sending program change commands from your MIDI controller. Of course, you can always change programs from the K2vxÕs front panel using the Alpha Wheel. Turning it left or right will scroll through the program list. Press the View soft button to see the current program in large type. Press it again to return to the normal view. You can also change programs using the cursor buttons, or the Plus/Minus buttons under the Alpha Wheel. You can also use the CHAN/BANK buttons or the cursor buttons while in Program mode.

Be sure to try whatever performance controls your MIDI controller has: the Pitch Wheel, Mod Wheel, and switch or control pedalsÑdifferent programs respond to them in different ways. Attack velocity and aftertouch also have varying effects. Check the tear-out sheets at the back of this manual for lists of factory programs and setups. ThereÕs also a list of programs in the Reference Guide, describing how each program responds to speciÞc MIDI control messages.

If you donÕt hear anything, see the troubleshooting section in the Reference Guide.

2-4

Setups

Setups are preset combinations of programs. Each setup has three zones, each of which can be assigned to any range of the keyboard (overlapping or split). Each zone can have its own program, MIDI channel, and MIDI control assignments. You can make use of setups even if your MIDI controller can transmit on only one MIDI channel at a time. See the parameter called Local Keyboard Channel in Chapter 10.

Press the Setup mode button to the left of the display. Its LED will light, telling you that youÕre in Setup mode. Notice that the Setup mode display is similar to the Program mode display. The box at the left shows you the programs assigned to each of the setupÕs three zones, and which MIDI channel is used for each program. Press the View button to toggle between large type and normal view.

SetupMode||||||Xpose:0ST||||||||||||||||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@|201*Friday|Gig|||||| Chan/Program|Info|#|202*Bop|Rock|Reggae| 1||||9|Cool|Traps|#|||1|Jazz|Trio||||||| 2|||18|Sly|Acoust|#|||2|All|Percussion|| 3|||22*Izit|Jimmy|#|||3|Heavy|Metal||||| %%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$|||4|To|Sequencer|||| Octav-|Octav+|Panic||View|||||||||||||||

Quick Access

A really convenient way to select programs and setups is to use Quick Access mode, where you select a Quick Access bank from a list of factory preset or user-programmed banks. Each bank contains ten memory slots, or entries, where you can store any combination of programs or setups. While youÕre in Quick Access mode, any program or setup can be selected with the numeric buttons 0 through 9.

Startup

Playing the Presets

The K2vx comes with a few Quick Access banks already programmed so you can get an idea of how they work. YouÕll probably create your own Quick Access banks to help you select programs and setups with a minimum of searching. Press the Quick Access mode button to the left of the display. Its LED lights, to tell you youÕre in Quick Access mode. YouÕll see a display that looks like this:

QuickAccessMode|||<>Bank:1|For|Show|1|||

Silk|Rhodes|||POLY|TOUCH||||Voice+String NastyTrombone|SINK|MONSTA|||Waterflute|| Soon||||||||||Jazz|Trio|2|||Fretless|Bas ||||||||||||||VELVETEEN|||||||||||||||||

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

|Xpose:0ST|||SINK|MONSTA||||||||Chan:1|| Octav-|Octav+|Panic||View|||Chan-||Chan+

The top line of the display tells you which Quick Access bank is selected. Use the CHAN/ BANK buttons (to the left of the display) to scroll through the banks. The names of each of the ten entries in the bank are listed in the center of the display. Many of their names will be abbreviated. The currently selected entryÕs full name is shown near the bottom of the display. The amount of transposition is displayed to the left of the entry name. If the current entry is a program, youÕll see the current keyboard (MIDI) channel displayed to the right of the entryÕs name. If itÕs a setup, youÕll see the word ÒSetup.Ó

The entries on the Quick Access page are arranged to correspond to the layout of the numeric buttons on the alphanumeric pad. On the page above, for example, the program ÒSINK MONSTAÓ is entry 5, and can be selected by pressing 5 on the alphanumeric pad.

The Panic button (the button below the word ÒPanicÓ in the bottom line of the display) will send an All Notes Off and an All Controllers Off message to the K2vx, and over all 16 MIDI channels. Press the View button to show the currently selected bank entry in large type. Press it again to return to the normal view.

When youÕre ready to create your own Quick Access banks, turn to Chapter 8 to learn about the Quick Access Editor.

2-5

Startup

Performance Controls

From your MIDI controller

The K2vx responds to attack velocity and release velocity, as well as mono and poly pressure (aftertouch) messages. It will also respond to most standard MIDI control parameters; see ÒMIDI and Setup Control Parameters" below.

Volume knob

The Volume knob controls the volume at the MIX (stereo) audio outputs and at the headphone jack. The individual outputs and MIDI volume are not affected by this knob.

MIDI and Setup Control Parameters

The K2vx responds to most standard MIDI control messages, including Pitch Wheel, Mod Wheel, switch pedals, control pedals, and control sliders. The K2vxÕs response to these controls is set on the XMIT (Transmit) page in MIDI mode, and works in conjunction with the Local Keyboard Channel parameter on the RECV (Receive) page in MIDI mode. This is described fully in Chapter 10. For now, youÕll probably Þnd that the K2vx responds predictably to most of these controls. If you want to change its response, turn to Chapter 10 and read the section covering the Local Keyboard Channel parameter.

You can also use the K2vx to relay control messages from your MIDI controller to other MIDI devices connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port. This is also controlled by the Local Keyboard Channel parameter (MIDI RECV page) in combination with the settings for the control parameters on the MIDI XMIT (transmit) page or the Setup mode page.

K2vx Boot Loader

The Boot Loader lets you install a new K2vx operating system and/or new K2vx ROM objects, from a SCSI device or the ßoppy drive into ßash ROM. The Boot Loader also provides hard reset and diagnostics options.

Note: Your K2vx comes from the factory with the operating system and ROM objects already installed. You do not need to run the K2vx Boot Loader to start up a new K2vx.

Starting the Boot Loader

When you start the K2vx, it displays a "Please wait..." message and waits for approximately 2 seconds. Press and release the Exit key while the "Please wait..." message is displayed to start the boot loader. Otherwise, the K2vx will start up normally.

The Boot LoaderÕs Menus resemble K2vx dialog boxes. That is, they consist of a series of labels and a highlight bar that is used to select one of the labels. You can use the arrow keys to move the highlight bar up, down, right, and left. Press the OK soft button to invoke the highlighted menu option. Additionally, the data wheel and Enter key may be used to move the highlight bar and invoke the selected action.

Boot-loader Main Menu:

2-6

When the boot loader is Þrst invoked, its main menu is displayed, as shown below.

-------|K2vx|Boot|Loader|v1.01|------||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||Install|System|||||Hard|Reset||||||| |||Install|Objects||||Run|Diags|||||||| |||Run|System|||||||||Fixed|Diags|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||OK|||

Initially, the "Install System" option is highlighted. After invoking various actions, however, other options may be selected by default, as the context suggests, upon returning to this menu.

Install System / Install Objects

Use "Install System" to install the K2vx operating system and diagnostics by loading them from a ßoppy or from a SCSI device and programming them into Flash ROM. Use "Install Objects" to install ROM objects into Flash ROM. After either option is invoked, a dialog box such as the following will be displayed.

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||Device|to|install|from:||floppy|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||SCSI|ID|of|this|unit:||N/A||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||Cancel|||OK|

From this dialog box, you can select which device contains the system or ROM-objects Þle. This is done using the alpha wheel, the + and - keys, and the cursor control keys in the same way that the K2vx engine software does. If you choose to install from a SCSI device, the SCSI ID of this unit will change from "N/A" to "SCSI 6." If there is another device on your SCSI bus with an ID of 6, you will need to change the SCSI ID of this unit to a free SCSI ID. At this point you can continue by hitting the OK soft-button or abort the operation by pressing the one labeled Cancel. Canceling the operation will return you to the Boot Loader menu, and the "Run System" option will be highlighted.

Startup

K2vx Boot Loader

When you press OK, the K2vx will try to access the drive in question and scan it for Þles. If it is successful, a screen such as the following will then appear:

|||||||||||||||||||||||FILE1.KOS||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||DIR1||||<DIR>||| |||||||||||||||||||||||FILE1.K25||||||| |||||File|to|Install:||FILE1.KRZ||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||VLABEL|||<VOL>|| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||NewDrv|Root|Parent||Cancel|||OK|

While this screen is displayed, you can use the up and down cursor keys, the alpha wheel, or the + and - keys to highlight different items in the Þle list. Names that have "<DIR>" displayed to their right are sub-directories. If the disk has a volume label, it will be displayed in the list, marked with "<VOL>." Operating system Þles typically have a ".KOS" extension, while ROM object Þles have a ".KRZ" extension. The OK soft-button selects the highlighted Þle for loading, or changes to the highlighted directory. The Cancel button aborts the installation and returns to the menu. Parent changes to the current directory's parent directory, while Root changes to the disk's root directory. The NewDrv button returns to the previous screen, allowing you to choose a different drive from which to install.

After you select a Þle by pressing the OK button, you will be asked to conÞrm the installation. The K2vx will display a message of the form "Ready to install operating system from Þlename on device" or "Ready to install ROM objects from Þlename on device." When it displays this message, it will Þll in Þlename and device with the name of the Þle and device you have selected. To conÞrm that you want to proceed, press the OK soft-button. If you do so, you will not be able to interrupt the installation. Alternatively, the Cancel button will return you to the menu, or the Choose button will allow you to select a different device or Þle from which to install.

2-7

Startup

K2vx Boot Loader

Run System

While the K2vx is installing the Þle into Flash ROM, the top line of the display will gradually Þll to indicate the progress of the operation. Note that operating system Þles and ROM object Þles are of different formats. If you try to install a Þle using the incorrect menu option, the K2vx will think the Þle is corrupt and will refuse to install it into Flash ROM. If this happens, simply choose the correct menu option from the Boot Loader's main menu, and repeat the installation.

If there is a problem accessing the drive or installing the Þle, an error message will be displayed. At this point, you can (1) abort the operation with the Abort soft button and return to the menu, (2) press the Retry button to try the operation again, or (3) choose another device or Þle by pressing the Choose button.

The "Run System" option executes the engine software. When this option is invoked, the operating system and ROM setups are checked for integrity. If either does not appear to be installed, a message will be displayed explaining this. If this happens, you can (1) double press the Run Anyhow soft buttons and be given a chance to try to run the system anyhow, knowing that the machine might crash, (2) install the uninstalled portion with the Instal button, or (3) return to the menu by using the Menu button. If you do the latter, the menu will be displayed with the "Load System" or "Load Setups" option highlighted as appropriate.

Hard Reset

The "Hard Reset" option causes all user RAM to be erased. When you select this option, a strict warning message is displayed. You must press the up and down cursor keys simultaneously to actually erase the RAM. If you push any other button or turn the data wheel, the operation is aborted, and the menu is displayed with the "Run System" option highlighted. Otherwise, the RAM will be marked for re-initialization, and a message declaring this fact will appear prior to return to the menu. When the menu reappears, it will have the "Run System" option highlighted.

Run Diags

The "Run Diags" option executes the diagnostics that are loaded with the system. When you choose "Run Diags", the K2vx checks its operating system for integrity. If it does not appear to be installed, a message will be displayed explaining this. If this happens, you can (1) double press the Run Anyhow soft buttons and be given a chance to try to run the diagnostics anyhow, knowing that the machine might crash, (2) install the operating system with the Instal button, or (3) return to the menu by using the Menu button. If you do the latter, the menu will be displayed with the "Load System" or "Load Setups" option highlighted as appropriate. Some diagnostic tests erase the non-volatile user RAM, and you will be warned of this fact before continuing.

Restart your K2vx to leave the diagnostics and return to regular operation.

Fixed Diags

The "Fixed Diags" option executes the diagnostics that are contained in the boot block. Some diagnostic tests erase the non-volatile user RAM, and you will be warned of this fact before continuing.

2-8

Restart your K2vx to leave the diagnostics and return to regular operation.

User Interface Basics

Mode Selection

Chapter 3 User Interface Basics

Chapter 3 will show you how to get around the front panel of your K2vx. Your interactions can be divided into three primary operations: mode selection, navigation, and data entry.

Mode Selection

The K2vx is always in one of eight operating modes. The modes are selected by pressing one of the eight buttons beneath the displayÑthe ones with LEDs to their right. Selecting a mode gives you access to a large set of related parameters. Only one mode can be selected at a time. The modes are:

•

PROGRAM MODE: Select and play programs, and modify them with the Program

Editor . Rearrange and modify samples in the Keymap and Sample Editors.

•

SETUP MODE: Select and play setups (three keyboard zones with independent MIDI channel, program and control assignments), and modify them with the Setup Editor.

•

QUICK ACCESS MODE: Select from a list of preset banks, each containing a list of ten programs and/or setups that can be viewed in the display for easy selection. Modify the preset banks and create your own with the Quick Access Editor.

•

EFFECTS MODE: DeÞne the behavior of the on-board global effects processor. Modify the preset effects and create your own with the Effects Editor.

•

MIDI MODE: DeÞne how your K2vx sends and receives MIDI information, and conÞgure each channel to receive independent program, volume, and pan messages that override the normal Program mode settings.

•

MASTER MODE: DeÞne performance and control characteristics for the entire K2vx.

•

SONG MODE: Use the K2vxÕs sequencer to record and play back your keyboard performance, play type 0 MIDI sequences, and record multi-timbral sequences received via MIDI.

•

DISK MODE: Interface with the K2vxÕs ßoppy disk drive, an external SCSI device, or an optional internal SCSI disk to load and save programs, setups, samples, and more.

Mode Buttons

The mode buttons are labeled in white. When you press a mode button, the LED to its right lights up to indicate that the mode has been selected. If pressing a mode button does not light its LED, press the EXIT button one or more times, then try again.

The green labeling under each mode button indicates special functions that relate to some of the K2vxÕs editors. These functions are described in Chapter 5.

Navigation

The navigation section of the front panel consists of the display and the buttons surrounding it. These navigation buttons will take you to every one of the K2vxÕs programming parameters.

The Display

Your primary interface with the K2vx is its backlit graphic display. As you press various buttons, this ßuorescent display reßects the commands you enter and the editing changes you make. The ample size of the display (240-by-64 pixels ) enables you to view lots of information at one time.

3-1

User Interface Basics

Mode Selection

Pages

ProgramMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:1||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@ |200*Analog|Jam||||||

KeyMap|Info||||||| # | 202*Heart|Strings|||

Grand|Piano||||| | # | ||1|Righteous|Piano|

|||||||||||||||||| # |||2|Mondo|Bass|||||| |||||||||||||||||| # |||3|Killer|Drums||||

%%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$ | | |4|Wee p ing|Gu i tar||

Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| | View|| | Chan-| | Chan+

Within each mode, the functions and parameters are organized into smaller, related groups that appear together in the display. Each one of these single-screen groups of parameters is called a

page . Each mode has what we call an entry level page; itÕs the page that appears when you

select that mode with one of the mode buttons. Within each mode and its editor(s), the various pages are selected with the navigation buttons. There are many pages, but there are a few features common to each page. The diagram below shows the entry level page for Program mode.

The T op Line

On the top line of most pages, thereÕs a reminder of which mode youÕre in and which page youÕre on. Many pages display additional information in the top line, as well. The Program mode page above, for example, shows you the current amount of MIDI transposition and the currently selected MIDI channel. The top line is almost always ÒreversedÓÑthat is, it has a white background with blue characters.

The Bottom Line

The bottom line is divided into six (sometimes fewer) sets of reversed characters that serve as labels for the six buttons directly beneath the display. These labelsÑand the functions of the buttonsÑchange depending on the currently selected page. Consequently the buttons that select these functions are called ÒsoftÓ buttons.

The Soft Buttons

The soft buttons are called ÒsoftÓ because their functions change depending on the currently selected mode. Sometimes they perform speciÞc functions, like changing MIDI channels in Program mode. In the Program Editor, theyÕre also used to move to different pages of programming parameters.

The Cursor Buttons

To the right of the display are four buttons arranged in a diamond fashion. These are called the cursor buttons. They move the cursor around the currently selected page, in the direction indicated by their labels. The cursor is is a highlighted (reversed) rectangle (sometimes itÕs an underscore). It marks the value of the currently selected parameter.

3-2

Programming the K2vx involves selecting various parameters and changing their values. Parameters are selected by highlighting their values with the cursor. The highlighted value can be changed with any of the data entry methods described in the data entry section below.

han/Bank

Layer/Zone

ower

dit

rogram

Mute 1 Zoom -

2500RS

Access

etup

QS E MIDI

Mute 2

Mute 3

Zoom +

Samp/Sec

Sampler

FX Bypass

Navigation Data Entry

echnology

TSAV

ynthesisrchitectureariable

ffects

Previous Pg

Gain -

Mark Gain +

aster

Jump

Link

xit

ong

isk

Compare

MIDI

UPPER/lower

User Interface Basics

Mode Selection

ptical In

DEF

MNO

VWX

0-9

nter

eadphone

GHI

PQR

CLR

Space

ABC

JKL

STU

ancel

olume

Right

Tip=Left

Ring=Right

Left

Mode Selection

The MIDI LED

Below the cursor buttons is a red LED labeled MIDI. This LED will ßash whenever the K2vx receives MIDI information from your MIDI controller.

The CHAN/BANK Buttons

To the left of the display are two buttons labeled ÒCHAN/BANK.Ó Their function is related to the two small arrowsÑ <|> Ñthat appear in the top line of many different pages. When you see these arrows, you can use the CHAN/BANK buttons to scroll the values of the parameter that appears to the right of the arrows. The arrows donÕt have to appear in the top line, however, for the CHAN/BANK buttons to have an effect. In Program mode, for example, they shift through the MIDI channels, showing the program assigned to each channel.

When youÕre in the Program editor, the CHAN/BANK buttons let you view each layer in the program. You can see the corresponding parameters in each layer by scrolling through the layers with these buttons. In the Setup editor, the CHAN/BANK buttons scroll through the zones in the current setup. In Quick Access mode, they scroll through the Quick Access banks, and in Song mode they scroll through record tracks.

WeÕll let you know, when applicable, what the CHAN/BANK buttons do.

The EDIT Button

The EDIT button activates each of the K2vxÕs editors, and acts as a shortcut to many pages within the Program Editor. Pressing the EDIT button tells the K2vx that you want to change some aspect of the object marked by the cursor. For example, when a program is selected and you press EDIT, you enter the Program Editor. If a setup is selected, you enter the Setup Editor.

There are editors accessible from every mode except Disk mode. To enter an editor, choose one of the modes (mode selection), and press EDIT. An editing page for that mode will appear. You can then select parameters (navigation) and change their values (data entry). If the value of the selected parameter has its own editing page, pressing the EDIT button will take you to that

3-3

User Interface Basics

Data Entry

page. For example, in the Program Editor, on the PITCH page, you might see LFO1 assigned as the value for Pitch Control Source 1. If you select this parameter (the cursor will highlight its valueÑLFO1 in this case), then press the EDIT button, youÕll jump to the page where you can edit the parameters of LFO1. Naturally, you can Þnd every page in the current editor by using the soft buttons, but often itÕs easier to use the EDIT button shortcut.

The EXIT Button

Press EXIT to leave the current editor. If youÕve changed the value of any parameter while in that editor, the K2vx will ask you whether you want to save your changes before you can leave the editor. See Chapter 5 for information on saving and naming. The EXIT button also takes you to Program mode if youÕre on the entry level page of one of the other modes. If at some point you canÕt seem to get where you want to go, press EXIT one or more times to return to Program mode, then try again.

The data entry section of the front panel includes the Alpha wheel, the Plus/Minus buttons, and the 14-button alphanumeric pad.

The Alpha Wheel

The Alpha Wheel is especially useful because it can quickly enter large or small changes in value. If you turn the Alpha Wheel one click to the right, youÕll increase the value of the currently selected parameter by one increment. One click to the left decreases the value by one increment. If you turn it rapidly, youÕll jump by several increments.

The Plus/Minus Buttons

These buttons are located just under the Alpha Wheel. The Plus button increases the value of the currently selected parameter by one, and the Minus button decreases it by one. These buttons are most useful when youÕre scrolling through a short list of values, or when you want to be sure youÕre changing the value by one increment at a time. One press of the Plus or Minus button corresponds to one click to the right or left with the Alpha Wheel. These buttons will repeat if pressed and held.

Pressing the Plus and Minus buttons simultaneously will move you through the current list of values in large chunks instead of one by one. Often this is in even increments (10, 100, etc.). DonÕt confuse these buttons with the +/- button on the alphanumeric pad. This button is used primarily for entering negative numeric values and switching from uppercase to lowercase letters (and vice versa).

The Alphanumeric Pad

As its name implies, this set of 14 buttons lets you enter numeric values, and to enter names one character at a time. Depending on where you are, the K2vx automatically enters letters or numerals as appropriate (you donÕt have to select between alphabetic or numeric entry).

3-4

When youÕre entering numeric values, press the corresponding numeric buttons, ignoring decimal places if any (to enter 1.16, for example, press 1, 1, 6, ENTER). The display will reßect your entries, but the value wonÕt actually change until you press ENTER. Before pressing ENTER, you can return to the original value by pressing CANCEL. Pressing CLEAR is the same as pressing 0 without pressing ENTER.

When entering names, youÕll use the left/right cursor buttons or the <<< / >>> soft buttons to move the cursor to the character you want to change. Use the labels under the alphanumeric buttons as a guide to character entry. Press the corresponding button one or more times to insert the desired character above the cursor. The CANCEL button is equivalent to the >>> soft button, and ENTER is the same as OK. The CLEAR button replaces the currently selected character with a space. The Ò+/-Ó button toggles between uppercase and lowercase letters.

User Interface Basics

Data Entry

Double Button Presses

Pressing two or more related buttons simultaneously executes a number of special functions depending on the currently selected mode. Make sure to press them at exactly the same time.

IN THIS MODE: THESE BUTTONS: WILL DO THIS:

(Pressed simultaneously)

PROGRAM MODE Octav-, Octav+ Reset MIDI transposition to 0 semitones. Double-

press again to go to previous transposition.

Chan-, Chan+ Set current MIDI channel to 1.

Plus/Minus Step to Program 100, 200. etc.

MASTER MODE CHAN/BANK Enables Guitar/Wind Controller Mode.

SONG MODE left/right cursor buttons Toggle between Play and Stop.

up/down cursor buttons Toggle between Play and Pause.

Plus/Minus Select Quantize Grid values on MISC page and

Edit Song:TRACK Quantize page. Select duration for a step on Edit Song:STEP page. Increment GateTime by 20% intervals on Edit Song: STEP page.

CHAN/BANK Select all tracks on Edit Song:TRACK page.

DISK MODE 2 leftmost soft buttons Issue SCSI Eject command to currently selected

SCSI device.

CHAN/BANK Hard format SCSI device. List selected objects

when saving objects.

left/right cursor buttons Select all items in a list. Move cursor to end of

name in naming dialog.

up/down cursor buttons Clear all selections in a list. Move cursor to begin-

ning of name in naming dialog.

PROGRAM EDITOR CHAN/BANK Select Layer 1.

SAMPLE EDITOR 2 leftmost soft buttons Toggle between default zoom setting and current

zoom setting.

Plus/Minus Set the value of the currently selected parameter

at the next zero crossing.

ANY EDITOR Plus/Minus Scroll through the currently selected parameterÕs

list of values in regular or logical increments (varies with each parameter).

2 leftmost soft buttons Reset MIDI transposition to 0 semitones. Double-

press again to go to previous transposition.

Center soft buttons Select Utilities menu.

2 rightmost soft buttons Sends all notes/controllers off message on all 16

channels (same as Panic soft button).

SAVE DIALOG Plus/Minus Toggle between next free ID and original ID.

3-5

User Interface Basics

Intuitive Data Entry

Many parameters have values that correspond to the standard physical controls present on most MIDI controllers (primarily keyboards). In many cases, you can select these values Òintuitively,Ó rather than having to scroll through the Control Source list. This is done by selecting the desired parameter, then holding the ENTER button while moving the desired physical control.

For example, on the LAYER page in the Program Editor, you can set the range of the currently selected layer as follows: use the cursor buttons to move the cursor to the value for the ÒLoKeyÓ parameter, press (and hold) the ENTER button, then use your MIDI controller to trigger the note you wish to be the lowest note for the currently displayed layer. The note you triggered (it has to be between C 0ÑC 8) will appear as the value for the LoKey parameter. Repeat the process for the HiKey parameter.

Another example: select Program 199 while in Program mode. Press EDIT to enter the Program Editor. Press the PITCH soft button to select the PITCH page. Move the cursor to the Src1 parameter. Hold the ENTER button, and move your controllerÕs Pitch Wheel. PWheel will be selected as the value for Src1.

You can also use the keyboard of your MIDI controller to choose control sources, since each key number corresponds to a value on the control source list. If you have a certain control source that you use over and over (for example, LFO1), this can be the quickest way to enter its value. To do this: highlight a parameter which uses a value from the control source list, hold down ENTER, then strike the key corresponding to the control source you want to choose. LFO1, for example, is assigned to B5.

Also, for almost every parameter, holding the ENTER button links the K2vx to your MIDI controllerÕs Data slider, if it has one. Moving the Data Slider will run through the range of values for the currently selected parameter. This is not as precise as the Alpha Wheel, but much faster.

Changing the Current Layer in Multi-Layer Programs

When editing a multi-layer program (including drum programs), you can quickly switch between layers by holding the ENTER button, then striking a key. The K2vx will change the current layer to that keyÕs layer. If the key is part of more than one layer, subsequent key strikes will cycle through each layer that has that key in its range.

Search Function

ThereÕs a convenient way to Þnd any alphabetic or numeric string of characters within the currently selected list, or range of values. Hold the ENTER button and press any of the numeric keys. A dialog like the Name Dialog will appear. Type in the string of characters you want to Þnd. For example, if youÕre looking at the Program list and you want to Þnd all programs containing the word ÒHorn,Ó you would type h-o-r-n. This function is not case sensitive; it will Þnd upper and lower case characters regardless of what you type.

When youÕve typed the string of characters you want to Þnd, press ENTER. The K2vx searches through the current list of values and Þnds all values that match the string of characters you typed. Hold ENTER and press one of the Plus/Minus buttons to search for the next higher- or lower-numbered object that contains the string of characters.

3-6

The string you select will remain in memory. You can store and select a string of characters with each of the numeric buttons. Hold ENTER and press one of the numeric buttons at any time to select that string for a search. When the string appears, you can change it, or just press ENTER to Þnd that string.

The Panel Play Feature (K2vxR)

You can play notes on the K2vxR even if you donÕt have a MIDI controller connected to its MIDI In port. Using the alphanumeric pad, you can play the octave from C 4 to C 5 and send the notes to the MIX and Headphone outputs.

While in any mode, press and hold the CANCEL button on the alphanumeric pad. Press one of the other alphanumeric buttons to play various notes: 1 is C 4, 2 is C# 4, and so on up to ENTER, which plays C 5. Notes are sent to the K2vxÕs sound engine on the current MIDI channel.

Pressing the Up or Down cursor buttons while holding CANCEL will transpose up or down an octave while using this feature. This transposition will be remembered the next time you use this feature, but does not affect the K2vxÕs normal MIDI transposition.

Notes are played at approximately the mf velocity level. You can adjust the attack velocity of the notes using the Plus/Minus buttons while holding down the CANCEL button. The velocity values will continue to change if you hold the buttons down.

You can press the Right cursor button while holding CANCEL to sustain notes (if this doesnÕt work, set a value of Sustain for the FtSw1 parameter on the MIDI mode XMIT page). The Left cursor button will release notes.

User Interface Basics

The Panel Play Feature (K2vxR)

3-7

User Interface Basics

The Panel Play Feature (K2vxR)

3-8

The Operating Modes

Selecting Modes

Chapter 4 The Operating Modes

In this chapter weÕll discuss the theory behind the mode system, and describe the basic operating features of each mode.

What the Modes Are

The modes exist to make the K2vx logical to work with. With as many performance and programming features as the K2vx has, itÕs helpful to break them into groups. These groups are called modes. There are eight of them; theyÕre described brießy in the section called ÒUsing the Modes,Ó below. Chapters 6 through 13 are dedicated to explaining each mode in turn.

Each mode is named for the kind of operations you perform while in that mode, and each modeÕs editor (if any) contains all of the parameters related to editing the type of in that mode. In Setup mode, for example, you select setups (and only setups) for performance or editing. All of the setup-editing parameters are grouped together on the Setup Editor page, which is accessible through Setup mode.

Selecting Modes

When the K2vx is on, itÕs always operating in one of the eight modes represented by the LEDhighlighted buttons beneath the display. Pressing one of the mode buttons selects that mode. This is the modeÕs entry level. At the entry level, the LED of the selected mode is lit. Only one mode can be selected at a time.

At the entry level, you can exit any mode simply by pressing one of the other mode buttons. If you enter the modeÕs editor, however, you must press EXIT to return to the modeÕs entry level before selecting another mode.

All of the modes except Disk mode give you access to one or more editors for changing the values of the parameters within that mode. Press the EDIT button to enter the editor of the currently selected mode. When you do this, the mode LED goes out.

ItÕs possible to enter another modeÕs editor without leaving the currently selected mode. For example, if you press EDIT while in Setup mode, youÕll enter the Setup Editor. The Setup editor page will appear, and one of the programs in the setup will be highlighted by the cursor. If you press EDIT again, youÕll enter the Program Editor, where you can edit the currently selected program. While you can edit and save programs as you normally would, youÕre still in Setup mode, and you canÕt select another mode at this point. When you exit the Program Editor, youÕll return to the Setup Editor page. Press EXIT again, and youÕll leave the Setup Editor, returning to the Setup mode page.

object found

4-1

The Operating Modes

Selecting Modes

PROGRAM

MODE

SETUP

MODE

SETUP

EDITOR

PROGRAM

EDITOR

KEYMAP

EDITOR

SAMPLE

EDITOR

QUICK

ACCESS

MODE

QUICK

ACCESS

EDITOR

EFFECTS

MODE

EFFECTS

EDITOR

MIDI

MODE

VELOC.

MAP

EDITOR

MASTER

MODE

PRESS.

MAP

EDITOR

SONG MODE

SONG

EDITOR

DISK

MODE

INT.

TABLE

EDITOR

4-2

Nested Editors

Starting at the Program mode level, there are three ÒnestedÓ editors, each related to the parameters that make up different components of a program. The Þrst is the Program Editor, which you enter when you press EDIT while in Program mode. Programs consist, among other things, of keymaps ; they determine which samples play on which keys. Keymaps can be edited as well. The Keymap Editor is entered from within the Program Editor, by selecting the KEYMAP page with the soft buttons, then pressing EDIT.

Similarly, keymaps consist of samples , which also can be edited. The Sample Editor is entered from the Keymap Editor, by selecting the Sample parameter and pressing EDIT. When you enter the Sample Editor, youÕve worked through three nested levels of editors, all related to the components that make up a program. And in fact, youÕre still in Program mode (if thatÕs where you started from). Pressing EXIT while in the Sample Editor will return you to the Keymap Editor. Pressing EXIT again will return you to the KEYMAP page of the Program Editor. Once more, and youÕre back to Program modeÕs entry level.

Finding Square One

If, at any time, you donÕt know where you are, and the mode LEDs are all unlit, press EXIT one or more times. This will return you to the entry level of whatever mode you were in, and if you press EXIT enough times, you will always return to Program Mode, the startup mode. If youÕve made any changes, youÕll be asked whether you want to save before leaving any editor. Press the No soft button or the EXIT button if you donÕt want to save. If you want to save, press the Rename or Yes soft button, and youÕll see the Save dialog, which is described in Chapter 5, in the section called ÒSaving and Naming.Ó

Using the Modes

You can play your K2vx regardless of the mode youÕre in. In fact, the only times you canÕt play it are when youÕre in the middle of a disk operation (loading, saving, formatting) or a SMDI sample transfer. With these two exceptions, the K2vxÕs MIDI response is almost always active. Even so there are three modes that are more performance-oriented than the others. These are Program, Setup, and Quick Access modes. WeÕll describe each of the eight modes brießy in this section.

The Operating Modes

Using the Modes

Program Mode

The K2vx starts up in Program mode, where you can select, play and edit programs. The Program mode entry level page shows the currently selected program, as well as a small segment of the program list.

The Program, Keymap, and Sample Editors are nested within Program mode. They take you to the core of the K2vxÕs sound editing parameters. WeÕll discuss them in Chapters 6 and 15.

Setup Mode

Setup mode is used to select, play, and edit setups, which consist of three separate zones, split or overlapping. Each zone has its own program, MIDI channel and control parameters. Setups are great for performance situations, whether youÕre playing multiple K2vx programs or controlling additional synths connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port. Chapter 7 describes Setup mode and the Setup Editor in detail. You can make use of Setup mode even if your MIDI controller can transmit on only one MIDI channel at a time. To do this, go to the RECV page in MIDI mode (by pressing the RECV soft button while in MIDI mode), and set the Local Keyboard Channel parameter to a value that matches the transmit channel of your MIDI controller. When you select Setup mode, the K2vx will interpret incoming MIDI information according to the settings for the currently selected setup. See the discussion of the Local Keyboard Channel parameter in Chapter 10 for details.

Quick Access Mode

Another feature for live performance, Quick Access mode enables you to combine programs and setups into banks of ten entries. Each of these programs or setups can be selected with a single alphanumeric button. Different banks are selected with the CHAN/BANK buttons. ThereÕs a selection of factory preset banks, and you can use the Quick Access Editor to create your own banks and store them in RAM. ThereÕs a full description in Chapter 8.

Effects Mode

Effects mode is used to set the behavior of the K2vxÕs global effects processor. The Effects mode page lets you tell the K2vx how to select preset effects when you change programs or setups, and lets you choose a preset effect and mix level thatÕs applied to every K2vx program. (ThereÕs also an EFFECT page in the Program Editor, where you can select a preset effect and mix level

4-3

The Operating Modes

Using the Modes

for each program individually.) The Effects Editor allows you to tweak the preset effects, and create your own. Chapter 9 shows you how. You can also listen to the sounds of various effects while in Effects mode, without selecting different programs.

MIDI Mode

YouÕll use MIDI mode to conÞgure the K2vxÕs interaction with other MIDI instruments, by setting parameters for transmitting and receiving MIDI. YouÕll also use it to conÞgure your K2vx for multi-timbral sequencing. On the CHANLS page, you can assign a program to each channel, and enable or disable each channelÕs response to three types of MIDI control messages: program change, volume and pan. See Chapter 10.

Master Mode

Master mode, described in Chapter 11, contains the parameters that control the entire K2vx. Global settings for tuning, transposition, velocity and aftertouch sensitivity, and audio mix are adjusted here, as well as the contrast of the backlit display. You can also access the Sample page from here.

Song Mode

Song mode enables you to play MIDI type 0 sequences stored in the K2vxÕs RAM. It provides a fully featured sequencer that you can use to record from the keyboard. You can also record multi-timbrally via MIDI. See Chapter 12.

Disk Mode

Finally, Disk mode is used to load and save programs and other objects using the K2vxÕs internal ßoppy disk drive, an optional internal SCSI disk, or an external SCSI disk (or CD-ROM drive) connected to either of the K2vxÕs SCSI ports. Chapter 13 has the details.

4-4

Editing Conventions

Introduction to Editing

Chapter 5 Editing Conventions

Introduction to Editing

Programming (editing) the K2vx always involves three basic operations: mode selection, navigation, and data entry.

First, select the mode that relates to the object you want to editÑa program, a setup, etc. Then select the object you want to edit, and press the EDIT button to enter the editor within that mode. An editor contains all the parameters that deÞne the object youÕre programming.

Next, you navigate around the editorÕs page(s) with the soft buttons, and select parameters with the cursor buttons. When youÕve selected a parameter (its value is highlighted by the cursor), you can change its value with one of the data entry methods. When you change a value, youÕll normally hear its effect on the object youÕre editing. The K2vx doesnÕt actually write your editing changes to memory until you save the object youÕre working on. It then allows you to choose between writing over the original object, or storing the newly edited version in a new memory location.

What’s an Object?

If youÕve been wondering what we mean by the term Òobject,Ó itÕs an expression we use for anything that can be named, saved, deleted, or edited. HereÕs a list of all the types of objects:

•

Samples Ñdigital recordings of instrumental sounds or waveforms. Samples actually

have two separate parts: the actual sample data and the sample header information, which contains start, alternative start, loop, and end points, as well as the information on the MISC page.

•

Keymaps Ñcollections of samples assigned to speciÞc velocity ranges and/or keys.

•

Programs Ñfactory preset or user-programmed sounds stored in ROM or RAM. A

program is one or more layers of sound, with programmable DSP functions applied to the keymaps within each layer.

•

Setups Ñfactory preset or user-programmed MIDI performance presets consisting of

three zones, each with its own program, MIDI channel, and controller assignments.

•

Songs ÑType 0 MIDI sequence Þles loaded into RAM, or MIDI data recorded in Song

mode.

•

Effects Ñfactory preset or user-programmed conÞgurations of the K2vxÕs onboard digital

audio effects processor.

•

Quick access banks Ñfactory preset or user-programmed banks of ten entries each, that

store programs and setups for single-button access in Quick Access mode.

•

Velocity maps Ñfactory preset or user-programmed curves that affect the K2vxÕs response

to, and MIDI transmission of, attack velocity values.

•

Pressure maps Ñfactory preset or user-programmed curves that affect the K2vxÕs

response to, and MIDI transmission of, pressure (aftertouch) values.

•

Intonation tables Ñfactory preset or user-programmed tables that affect the intervals

between the twelve notes of each octave.

•

Master table Ñthe values that are set for the global control parameters on the Master

mode page, as well as the settings for the parameters on the CHANLS page in MIDI mode, and the programs currently assigned to each MIDI channel.

•

Name table Ñcontains a list of dependent objects needed by the other objects in a Þle at

the time the Þle was saved.

•

Macro Ñlist of disk Þles to be loaded into the K2vxÕs memory at start-up time.

5-1

Editing Conventions

Object Type and ID

The K2vx stores its objects in RAM using a system of ID numbers that are generally organized into banks of 100. Each object is identiÞed by its object type and object ID; these make it unique. An objectÕs type is simply the kind of object it is, whether itÕs a program, setup, song, or whatever. The object ID is a number from 1 to 999 that distinguishes each object from other objects of the same type. For example, within the 200s bank, you can have a setup, a program, and a preset effect, all with ID 201; their object types distinguish them. You canÕt, however, have two programs with ID 201.

OBJECT TYPE OBJECT ID OBJECT NAME Program 201 Hot Keys

Setup 404 Silicon Bebop Velocity Map 1 Linear Sample 3 Hey Moe

ROM (factory preset) objects have ID numbers from 1 to 199. When you save objects that youÕve edited, the K2vx will ask you to assign an ID. If the original object was a ROM object, the K2vx will suggest the Þrst available ID, starting with 200. If the original object was a RAM object, youÕll have the option of saving to an unused ID, or replacing the original object.

Objects of different types can have the same ID, but objects of the same type must have different IDs to be kept separate. When youÕre saving an object that youÕve edited, you can assign the same ID to an existing object of the same type, but if you do, the new one will be written over the old one. For example, if you assign an ID of 1 to a program youÕve edited, the K2vx will ask you if you want to ÒreplaceÓ the ROM program currently stored with that ID. WeÕll discuss this further in ÒSaving and Naming,Ó later in this chapter.

Many parameters have objects as their valuesÑthe VelTouch parameter on the Master mode page, for example. In this case, the objectÕs ID appears in the value Þeld along with the objectÕs name. You can enter objects as values by entering their IDs with the alphanumeric pad. This is especially convenient for programs, since their ID numbers are the same as their MIDI program change numbers (when youÕre using the Extended or Kurzweil Program Change formatÑsee ÒProgram Change FormatsÓ in Chapter 10).

The object type and ID enable you to store hundreds of objects without losing track of them, and also to load Þles from disk without having to replace Þles youÕve already loaded. See ÒMemory BanksÓ later in this chapter for more information on object type and ID.

Saving and Naming

When youÕve edited an object to your satisfaction, youÕll want to store it in RAM. ThereÕs a standard procedure for saving and naming, which applies to all objects.

You can press the Save soft button, of course, but itÕs easier to press the EXIT button, which means ÒI want to leave the current editor.Ó If you havenÕt actually changed anything while in the editor, youÕll simply exit to the mode you started from. If you have made changes, however, the K2vx will ask you if you want to save those changes. This is the Þrst Save dialog. A dialog is any display that asks a question that you need to answer before the K2vx can proceed.

5-2

Editing Conventions

Saving and Naming

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Save|Righteous|Piano|before|exiting?|||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||| |||||| | |||||| | |||||| | ||||| |||||||||||||| Rename | Cancel | Yes||| | No|||

The best way through this process is to press the Rename soft button. This takes you immediately to the naming dialog, where you assign a name to the object youÕre saving. You havenÕt saved yet, but youÕll be able to after youÕve named the program.

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Program|Name:||| R ighteous|Piano||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

|||||| | |||||| | |||||| | |||||| | ||||| | ||||||

Delete | Insert | |<<<|| | |>>>|| | |OK|| | Cancel

The cursor underlines the currently selected character. Press the <<< or >>> soft buttons to move the cursor without changing characters. Press an alphanumeric button one or more times to enter a character above the cursor. The characters that correspond to the alphanumeric buttons are labeled under each button. If the character that appears is not the one you want, press the button again. Press the +/- button on the alphanumeric pad to switch between upper and lower case characters.

Press 0 one or more times to enter the numerals 0 through 9. Press CLEAR (on the alphanumeric pad) to erase the selected character without moving any other characters. Press the Delete soft button to erase the selected character. All characters to the right of the cursor will move one space left. Press the ÒInsertÓ soft button to insert a space above the cursor, moving all characters to the right of the cursor one space to the right.

Press the set the way you want to save it.

In addition to the letters and numerals, there are three sets of punctuation characters. The easiest way to get to them is to press one of the alphanumeric buttons to select a character close to the one you want, then scroll to it with the Alpha Wheel. HereÕs the whole list:

! Ò # $ % & Ô ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

: ; < = > ? @ A through Z

[ \ ] ^ _ Ô a through z. (space).

Pressing the Plus/Minus buttons simultaneously will select 0, A, a and (space).

Cancel soft button if you decide not to name the object. Press OK when the name is

If youÕre wondering how we came up with this sequence of characters, itÕs composed of ASCII characters 33 through 122.

When you press OK , the Þnal Save dialog appears, where you assign an ID to the edited object. If you change your mind about the name, press the Rename soft button for another try.

5-3

Editing Conventions

Deleting Objects

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||| |||||||| Save|Righteous|Piano|as:|ID#200||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Object||||||||||||||Rename|Save|||Cancel

ROM Objects

If the object you started from was a ROM (factory preset) object, the K2vx will automatically suggest the next available (unused) ID as the ID for the edited object. If thatÕs the ID you want, press the Save soft button, and the object will be stored in RAM with that ID. Otherwise, you can select any ID from 1 to 999. This screen also gives you the opportunity to return to the naming dialog (as described in the previous section) or, by pressing the Object soft button, to access the Object Utilities (described in Chapter 13 of this manual).

If you select an ID thatÕs already in use, the K2vx will tell you that youÕre going to replace the ROM object thatÕs already been assigned that ID. If you donÕt want to do that, you can select a different ID. Or you can press the Plus/Minus buttons simultaneously to toggle between the ID that the K2vx suggested and the original ID. Or press the Cancel soft button to cancel the operation.

If you decide not to cancel or change the ID, and you press the Replace soft button, the K2vx will write your newly edited object over the existing ROM object. Actually, it only appears that way, since you canÕt truly write to ROM. The ROM object will reappear if you delete the newly edited object (there are soft buttons in each editor for deleting objects).

RAM Objects

If the original object was a RAM object, the K2vx will assume you want to replace it, and will suggest the same ID as the original object (if it has an asteriskÑ*Ñbetween its ID and its name, itÕs a RAM object. As with ROM objects, you can cancel, replace, or change the ID and save to an unused ID. If you replace a RAM object, however, itÕs deÞnitely gone!

Deleting Objects

Within most editors, there are soft buttons for deleting objects. When you want to delete an object, press the Delete soft button, and the K2vx will ask you if you want to delete the object. Press OK if you want to delete it, or press Cancel if you donÕt. Although it seems that you can delete ROM objects, you canÕt actually do it. The K2vx will behave as if itÕs deleting the ROM object, but it will still be there the next time you select it. (What actually happens is that the ROM object is copied to RAM as soon as you press EDIT, and when you ÒdeleteÓ the ROM object, youÕre actually deleting the RAM copy. The original ROM object remains in memory.)

5-4

RAM objects, on the other hand, are gone when you delete them! If youÕve ÒreplacedÓ a ROM object by saving a RAM object with the same ID, the ROM object is invisible, but still there. Deleting the RAM object stored at the same ID will restore the ROM object.

You can use the Delete function to delete any object from the current list of objects. After you press the Delete soft button, use one of the data entry methods to select any other object in the current list of objects. Then press Delete again. YouÕll often delete objects to gain RAM space, or to organize the memory banks before saving objects to disk. To delete multiple objects, use the Delete Objects utility available in Master mode. ItÕs described on page 11--9.

Memory Banks

To help organize the storage of your edited objects, the K2vxÕs memory is divided into ten banks, each of which stores objects having IDs within a certain range. Objects within the same range of IDs are stored in the same memory bank, regardless of their types. The banks are in increments of 100, that is, objects with IDs from 1 through 99 are stored in the Þrst bank, IDs from 100 to 199 in the second bank, and so on. We refer to them simply as the ÒZeros bank,Ó Ò100s bank,Ó Ò200s bank,Ó etc. If you save an object as ID 203, for example, itÕs in the 200s bank.

You can store up to 100 objects of each type in each memory bank, The number of objects of a given type that can be saved in a memory bank depends on its type. For example, you can store 20 Quick Access banks in each memory bank. As you begin to save objects that youÕve edited, youÕll notice that the IDs suggested by the K2vx sometimes increase in large chunksÑfrom 219 to 300, for example. This is due to the limit to the number of objects of a given type that can be stored in a single memory bank. This limit can be important in terms of organizing your objects for storing to disk. Check out the section called ÒStoring Objects in the Memory BanksÓ in Chapter 2 of the Reference Guide for lists of how many objects of each type can Þt into each memory bank.

YouÕll want to think about organizing your edited objects in the memory banks when you start using the ßoppy disk drive or a SCSI device to store your programs, samples, and other objects. Objects that are stored in the same memory banks are automatically stored in the same Þle on disk. You can also store all the banks to one Þle by selecting ÒEverythingÓ in the Disk mode Bank dialog.

Editing Conventions

Memory Banks

The memory banks work automatically, that is, you donÕt have to select the different banks to gain access to the objects stored in them. The K2vx selects the appropriate bank when you enter the object ID you want to work with. To select Program 201 while in Program Mode, for example, just press 2, 0, 1, ENTER on the alphanumeric pad. The 200s bank is automatically selected, and the program list will show programs numbered in the 200s. If your MIDI controller can send program change commands from 0 to 127 or 1 to 128 only, youÕll probably want to adjust the way the K2vx responds to program change commands. See the discussion of the Program Change Type parameter (ProgChgType) in Chapter 10.

When you do a save operation in Disk mode, youÕre creating a Þle to be saved to disk. This will save either individually selected objects or an entire bank of objects from the K2vxÕs RAM. If you choose to save a complete bank, then all objects with IDs in the range of the selected bank, regardless of type, are saved as part of the Þle. For example, if you save the 200s bank (objects with IDs from 200 - 299), then every object with an ID from 200 to 299 will be saved to the Þle.

This system makes it easy for you to keep track of everything you save. The Þrst program you save, for example, will have an ID of 200 (unless you specify another ID). The Þrst setup you create will also have an ID of 200 (since theyÕre different types of objects, the IDs can be the same). If you were to save the 200s bank, both your program and your setup would be saved to the same Þle.

Saving and Loading Files—Disk Mode

Saving to disk simply involves selecting objects or a complete bank of objects to be stored as a single Þle. All objects with IDs within that range will be saved to the Þle. When you load a Þle, the K2vx asks you which bank will receive the Þle. You can load a Þle into any of the ten banks, regardless of the bank it was saved from. The K2vx will automatically reassign the object IDs. A Þle saved from the 200s bank, for example will be stored on disk with its objects numbered from 200Ð299. If you load it back into the 300s bank, its objects will be renumbered from 300Ð

399.

See Chapter 13 for more information on loading and saving Þles.

5-5

Editing Conventions

Special Button Functions

The mode buttons to the left of the display have additional functions, as described below:

PROGRAM / Mute 1 When youÕre in the Program Editor, this button will mute Layer 1 of the

current program or the currently displayed layer for drum programs. While in the Setup Editor, it will mute Zone 1 of the current setup. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 1 or 9.

SETUP / Mute 2 When youÕre in the Program Editor, this button will mute Layer 2 of the

current program, if any. For drum programs, solos currently displayed layer. While in the Setup Editor, it will mute Zone 2 of the current setup. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 2 or 10.

QUICK ACCESS / Mute 3 When youÕre in the Program Editor, this button will mute Layer 3 of the

current program, if any. For drum programs, solos currently displayed layer. While in the Setup Editor, it will mute Zone 3 of the current setup. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 3 or 11.

EFFECTS / FX Bypass When youÕre in the Program Editor, pressing this button will bypass (mute)

the preset effect assigned to the current program, letting you hear just the sound of the layer(s) you want to hear. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 4 or 12.

MIDI / Prev pg In the Program Editor, pressing this button will take you to the previously

selected editing page. The K2vx remembers the four most recently selected pages, so you can press this button up to four times to backtrack through the pages youÕve viewed. Pressing it a Þfth time will take you back to the ALG page. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 5 or 13.

MASTER / Mark This is handy for marking Program Editor pages that you use frequently.

Pressing this button will mark the currently selected page. You can mark as many pages as you like. Then you can use the Jump button to select the marked pages in the order you marked them. Marked pages will show an asterisk in the top line of the display, just before the name of the page. A marked page can be unmarked by pressing the Mark button while the page is visible. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 6 or 14.

SONG / Jump Use this button to jump to pages in the Program Editor that youÕve marked

with the Mark button. This will cycle through all the currently marked pages in the order they were marked. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 7 or 15.

DISK / Compare This button works in most editors, and lets you compare your edits with the

original version of the object youÕre editing. When you press the Compare button, the display changes to remind you that youÕre listening to the original version. Press any button to return to the currently selected page of whatever editor youÕre in. On MIXER page of Song mode, mutes either track 8 or 16.

CHAN/BANK / Layer/Zone In the Program Editor, these buttons let you scroll through the layers in the

currently selected program. In the Setup Editor, you can scroll through the zones. In the Effects Editor, you can scroll through the effect conÞgurations. In the Quick Access Editor, they scroll through the entries in the currently selected Quick Access bank. In the Keymap Editor, they scroll through the velocity levels of multi-velocity keymaps. In Song mode, switches record track.

EDIT Whenever the selected parameterÕs value is an editable object or a

programmable parameter, pressing the EDIT button will take you to that objectÕs editor, or to the parameterÕs programming page.

5-6

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Chapter 6 Program Mode and the Program Editor

Program mode is the heart of the K2vx, where you select programs for performance and editing. The K2vx is packed with great sounds, but itÕs also a synthesizer of truly amazing depth and ßexibility. When youÕre ready to start tweaking sounds, the Program Editor is the place to start. But Þrst thereÕs a bit more general information about Program mode that wasnÕt covered in Chapter 2. Refer to the illustration below as you read the sections that follow.

K2vx Program Structure

Setup

Program

Layer

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3

KEYMAP

LFO ASR FUN ENV LFO

PITCH SINE+ SHAPER LOPASS AMP

ALGORITHM

LAYER 3

LAYER 2

LAYER 1

3 keyboard zones; each with independent program, MIDI channel, and control assignments

Selected for performance and editing in Program mode; up to 3 layers per program (up to 32 on the

Drum Channels)

Drum Channel)

A keymap processed through an algorithm, modulated by control sources

C2 - B2 C3 - D4 D#4 - D5 D#5 - C6 C#6 - C7

Keymap

Sample Roots

Up to 61 sample roots, assigned to play at programmable key and velocity ranges

Individual digital sound recordings stored in ROM or RAM

6-1

Program Mode and the Program Editor

K2vx Program Structure

Programs are the K2vxÕs performance-level sound objects. TheyÕre preset sounds that can be played on any of the 16 MIDI channels. Other synths refer to them as patches, presets, voices, multis, etc. Each program consists of from one to three layers (or up to 32 layers for a drum program - see below), each of which in turn consists of a keymap and an algorithm for processing the samples that make up the keymap. Samples are stored in the K2vxÕs ROM, or loaded into optional RAM via Disk mode, MIDI standard sample transfer, SMDI sample transfer, or by your own sampling efforts. Each sample is a separate digital recording of an instrumental note, a drum, a waveform or a sound effect. The individual samples are assigned to speciÞc key ranges and are assigned to be triggered at speciÞc attack velocities. These assignments constitute the keymap.

When you trigger a note, the K2vx looks to the keymap of each program(s) to determine which samples to play. The sound engine then fetches the requested samples and generates a digital signal that represents the timbres of the samples. This signal Þrst passes through the Þve DSP functions that make up the algorithm, then through the global effects processor (if assigned to an audio output pair that uses effects), then Þnally appears at one or more of the audio outputs.

The layer is the K2vxÕs basic unit of polyphony, that is, each layer constitutes one of the 48 voice channels the K2vx can activate at any time. If you have a program that consists of two layers covering the note range from C 0 to C 8, each note you trigger will trigger two voice channels.

The Program Mode Page

ProgramMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:1||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@ |199|Default|||||||||

KeyMap|Info||||||| # | 209*Dig|it|al|||||||

Grand|Piano||||| | # | ||1|Righteous|Piano|

|||||||||||||||||| # |||2|Mondo|Bass|||||| |||||||||||||||||| # |||3|Killer|Drums||||

%%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$ | | |4|Wee p ing|Gu i tar||

Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| | View|| | Chan-| | Chan+

The top line of the Program mode entry level page shows your location, the present MIDI transposition, and the current MIDI channel.

layer of the currently active

6-2

The box at the left of the Program mode page tells you which keymap is assigned to each layer. Layer 1 is at the top. Layers 2 and 3, if any, are listed below layer 1. If a drum program is selected, the box tells you how many layers it has. If a drum program is selected, and the current MIDI channel is not a drum channel, the programÕs name will appear in parentheses in the display, and the program will not play (more on this in the next section). The box at the left of the display will tell you which channels are drum channels. (See the Drum Channel parameter in Chapter 11).

The line beneath the name of the keymap indicates the keyboard range of the layer. On the Program mode page above, for example, the layer extends from C 0 to C 8Ñthe default range. The representation of these layer ranges is approximate; theyÕre intended to let you know if you have a layered keyboard (lines overlapping) or a split keyboard (lines not overlapping).

What are these programs in parentheses?

While you are scrolling through different programs on various MIDI channels, you may occasionally see a program that is in parentheses and doesnÕt make any sound. The parentheses

Program Mode and the Program Editor

tell you that you have selected a drum program without being on one of the drum channels. Unlike normal programs on the K2vx, which can contain up to 3 layers, drum programs can have as many as 32 layers.

Current drum channels are 1-7 and 12.

ProgramMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:9||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@|141|Slo|Ensemble|||| Drum|Program||||||#|142|W|Tell|Orchestra |11|layers||||||||#|143|(Jazz|Band)||||| ||||||||||||||||||#|144|(Rock|Quartet)|| DrumChans:|1-7,|12#|145|Gargantuanism||| %%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$|146|Weeping|Guitar|| Octav-|Octav+|Panic||View|||Chan-||Chan+

Current MIDI channel is 9. Parentheses around drum program names show that they won’t sound on this channel.

The Program Mode Page

Even though drum programs donÕt have to have drum sounds assigned to them, we use the name drum program because that is the most likely purpose for a program with 32 layers. The only limitation for a drum program is that it must be played on a MIDI channel that has been designated as a drum channel. A drum channel can play any program - it does not have to play a drum program, but a drum program must be played on a drum channel.

You can have up to 8 drum channels on the 2000. Channels 1 through 8 are drum channels by default, but you can change this to be channels 1 through 7 plus the channel of your choice. To set that channel, go to the Master page and set the Drum Channel parameter to any value between 9 and 16 to select that channel plus 1 through 7. In the example above, DrumChan on the Master page has been set to 12.

The Soft Buttons in Program Mode

If the value of the Local Keyboard Channel parameter (on the RECV page in MIDI mode) matches the transmission channel of your MIDI controller, you can use the Octav- or Octav+ soft buttons for quick transposition. The top line will reßect the change. This will transpose the K2vx as well as any MIDI devices connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port. Press both Octave soft buttons simultaneously to reset the transposition to zero. Changing the transposition with the soft buttons will also change the corresponding setting on the MIDI XMIT page. If the Local Keyboard Channel parameter is not set to match the transmission channel of your MIDI controller, the Octave soft buttons will have no effect.

Pressing the Panic soft button will send an All Notes Off message and an All Controllers Off message on all 16 MIDI channels. If you press the View soft button, the current programÕs name will be displayed in large letters. Press it again to return to the normal display.

Use the Chan- and Chan+ soft buttons to change the current MIDI channel. This changes the MIDI channel the K2vx uses internally, as well as the channel youÕre using to send information to other synths connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port (MIDI slaves). Changing the current MIDI channel with the soft buttons will also change the corresponding setting on the MIDI XMIT page.

6-3

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Using the Program Editor

The Program Editor is where you begin to modify the K2vxÕs resident sounds, and to build your own sounds around samples (ROM or RAM) and/or waveforms. ThereÕs virtually no limit to the sounds you can create using the tools in the Program Editor.

To enter the Program Editor, start in Program mode and press EDIT. The Program mode LED will go out, and the ALG (Algorithm) page will appear.

EditProg:ALG|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Algorithm:1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

errR®rrte11231111112311111123114errR®rt| dPITCH|gkNONE||||||||||||||||||0kAMP||gh CVVVVVVBCVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVBCVVVVVB|

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

<more||ALG||||LAYER||KEYMAP|PITCH||more>

The top line of the display gives you the usual reminder of your location. It also tells you which layer youÕre viewing, and how many layers there are in the program. You can use the CHAN/ BANK buttons to scroll through the layers, if the program has more than one.

HereÕs a method for jumping quickly to a speciÞc layer in a program that is especially useful in multi-layered drum programs. Hold the ENTER button and strike a key on your controller. The display will change to the layer assigned to that key. If more than one layer is assigned to the same key, repeatedly striking the key (while continuing to hold the ENTER button) will cycle through all layers assigned to that key. This method will work in most places within the Program Editor, but there is an exception: if the parameter you have highlighted has a note number or control source as its value, then holding ENTER and striking a note will call up that note or control source (as described in the "Intuitive Entry" section on page 3--6). For all other parameters, however, this method will switch between layers.

The Soft Buttons in the Program Editor

The Program EditorÕs soft buttons are labeled by the words that appear in the bottom line of the display. These buttons have two important jobs in the Program Editor: selecting pages, and selecting speciÞc functions. If a soft button is labeled in all uppercase letters, pressing it will take you to the page it describes. If the button is labeled in mixed uppercase and lowercase letters, pressing it will execute the software function described by the label. Pressing the PITCH soft button, for example, will select the PITCH page, while pressing the Save soft button will initiate the process for saving the currently selected program.

There are more pages and functions in the Program Editor than there are soft buttons. Therefore, two of the soft buttons are dedicated to scrolling through the list of pages and functions. If you donÕt see the button for the page or function you want to select, press one of the soft buttons labeled Ò<more>,Ó and the labels will change. This doesnÕt change the currently selected page, it merely changes the selection of available soft buttons.

Five of the soft buttons in the Program Editor are special cases. TheyÕre the soft buttons that select the editing pages for the Þve control input pages for the DSP functions. One of these soft buttons is always labeled ÒPITCH,Ó since the Þrst DSP function in every algorithm is the pitch control. The remaining four vary somewhat depending on the DSP functions you choose for the currently selected algorithm, but they always have the preÞxes F1, F2, F3, and F4, and they always take you to the pages for the four DSP functions that follow the pitch control function.

6-4

Algorithm Basics

The basic deÞnition: an algorithm is the ÒwiringÓ (signal path) of a sample to the audio outputs, through a series of digital signal processing (DSP) functions that you select. The K2vxÕs algorithms are the core of Variable Architecture Synthesis Technology. The DSP functions are synthesis tools (Þlters, oscillators, etc.) that you assign to the various stages of the algorithm. The DSP functions you choose determine the type of synthesis you use.

Each of the 31 available algorithms represents a preset signal path. You canÕt change the path of the algorithms, but you can select different algorithms, and assign a wide variety of DSP functions to the individual stages of each algorithmÕs signal path. Take a look at Algorithm 1 in the diagram below. ItÕs one of the simplest algorithms.

Algorithm|1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

errR®rrterrR®rrrrrrR®rrrrrrR®rrterrR®rrt| dPITCH|gkHIFREQ|STIMULATOR|||||gkAMP|||gh cvvvvvvbcvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvbcvvvvvvb|

The DSP functions are represented by the rectangular blocks. The horizontal arrows indicate the ßow of the digital signal from left to right. They represent what we call the ÒwireÓ of the algorithm, the actual physical path that the signal follows through the algorithm. Selecting different algorithms can be compared to connecting different DSP functions with different wiring diagrams.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Using the Program Editor

Think of the left side of each block as its input, and the right side as its output. Depending on the algorithm, the signal may split into two wires, enabling part of the signal to bypass certain portions of the algorithm. Split wires may rejoin within the algorithm, or they may pass all the way through as split signals. If the last block has two wires at its output, we call it a doubleoutput algorithm. If it has one wire, itÕs a single-output algorithm, even if there are two wires in earlier portions of the algorithm.

The Þve downward-pointing arrows indicate the Þve realtime control inputs to the DSP functions. There are usually Þve inputs, each of which has its own page within the Program Editor. (Algorithms 26-31, which use hard sync oscillation, have only four inputs; you can read about hard sync functions on page 14--50.) Each of these pages has several parameters that can modulate its related DSP function. Often a single DSP function will have more than one input. ThatÕs why some blocks are larger, and have more than one arrow pointing to them. Each function can be independently controlled by a variety of sources (the Control Source list), including LFOs, ASRs, envelopes, programmable functions, and external MIDI.

In Algorithm 1, the signal ßows Þrst through a one-stage DSP function that controls the pitch of the samples in the keymap. In fact, the Þrst DSP function in each algorithm always controls pitch, even though it doesnÕt apply in every instance. Similarly, the last DSP function always controls the Þnal amplitude of the signal. It can be a one-stage or two-stage function. In Algorithm 1, itÕs a one-stage function.

The second, larger block indicates a single three-stage DSP function, meaning that it has three control inputs that can be adjusted to modulate the signal.

Once again, you canÕt change the wiring path of an algorithmÑyou can simply select a different algorithm to get a different path. And within each algorithm, you can assign a large number of different DSP functions to each of the Þve control inputs. The diagram below, for

6-5

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Using the Program Editor

example, shows Algorithm 1 with all the possible values for each DSP function lined up under the blocks that represent the DSP functions.

Algorithm|1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

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PITCH HIFREQ STIMULATOR

PARAMETRIC EQ STEEP RESONANT BASS 4POLE LOPASS W/SEP 4POLE HIPASS W/SEP TWIN PEAKS BANDPASS DOUBLE NOTCH W/SEP NONE

Notice that PITCH is the only value available for the Þrst block, and AMP is the only value available for the last block. The center, three-stage block, however, allows you to choose from seven DSP functions. An eighth value, NONE, deactivates the block.

Common DSP Control Parameters

The type of DSP function available for any function block depends on the algorithm. Some of the specialized functions like the PANNER are always located just before the Þnal AMP function. Others, like the three-input functions, appear only in algorithms that are structured for three-input functions.

You can change the nature of each layer of a program simply by assigning different DSP functions to the layerÕs algorithm. Your level of control goes much deeper than that, however. Each DSP function has one or more inputs to which you can patch a variety of control sources to modify the behavior of the DSP functions themselves. These control inputs are represented by the arrows pointing down at the blocks that make up the algorithm. For each input arrow, thereÕs a corresponding control input page that you can select with the Þve special soft buttons we mentioned above (PITCH, and F1ÐF4). All of the DSP functions have at least one control input, but many of them have two or even three inputs.

AMP

6-6

The parameters on the various control input pages are very similar; in fact, there are six parameters that appear on almost every page. Consequently we refer to them as the common DSP control parameters. Although the parameters on the control input pages differ slightly from function to function, you can expect to see some or all of the common DSP control parameters whenever you select the control input page for any of the DSP functions. They are:

Initial Setting Parameters

These have no input, but set the overall level for the function, the starting point from which the other parameters modulate the function.

Coarse adjust (abbreviated ÒCoarseÓ) Fine adjust (Fine)

Hard-wired Parameters

These always take their input from your MIDI controller; the note number and the attack velocity values of each Note On event.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Using the Program Editor

Key tracking (KeyTrk) Velocity tracking (VelTrk)

Programmable Parameters

These can accept any control source as their input, and have related parameters for further control.

Source 1 (Src1) Source 2 (Src2)

Take a look at the PITCH page, as an exampleÑweÕll look at how these six control parameters are used in the pitch control function. If youÕre not already on the PITCH page, you can get there by pressing the soft button labeled ÒPITCH.Ó If you donÕt see ÒPITCHÓ on the bottom line of the display, press one of the Ò<more>Ò buttons until it appears.

EditProg:PITCH||||||||||||||>Layer:1/1||

Coarse:0ST|||||||||Src1||:OFF||||||||||| Fine||:0ct|||||||||Depth|:0ct||||||||||| FineHz:|0.00Hz|||||Src2||:OFF||||||||||| KeyTrk:0ct/key|||||DptCtl:MWheel|||||||| VelTrk:0ct|||||||||MinDpt:0ct||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||MaxDpt:0ct||||||||||| <more||ALG||||LAYER||SAMPLE|PITCH||more>

YouÕll recognize the common DSP control parameters, along with several other parameters. Keep in mind that thereÕs a set of common control parameters for each of the DSP functions; in this case weÕre describing them only as they apply to the pitch control function.

Coarse Adjust

The Adjust parameter (sometimes coarse and Þne adjust) is the Þxed amount of adjustment you add to any DSP function. On the PITCH page, the Coarse Adjust parameter will change the pitch in semitone increments. Use this as a starting point to set the pitch where you want it to be normally. This will shift the pitch of the currently selected layer, and will affect the playback rate of sampled sounds. Sampled sounds have an upper limit on pitch adjustment. ItÕs normal for the pitches of sampled sounds to ÒpinÓ (stop getting higher) when you adjust the pitch upward in large amounts. The oscillator waveforms can be pitched higher. Any sound can be pitched downward without limit.

The primary use of the Adjust parameters (Coarse and Fine) is to offset the cumulative effects of the other parameters on the control input pages. For example, you might set a high value for key tracking (deÞned below) for a dramatic change in effect across the keyboard. The effect might be too much at one end of the keyboard, however, so you could use one of the Adjust parameters to reduce the initial amount of that effect.

The K2vx always uses real values of measurement, rather than just arbitrary numbers, for adjustable parameters. This means that you specify pitch in semi-tones and cents, amplitude in dB, and Þlter cutoff frequency in hertz.

Remember that the parameters on the control input pages are cumulativeÑthey can add to or subtract from the effects of the other parameters on the page, depending on their values. For example, even if youÕve adjusted the pitch of a sample so high that it pins, the effects of the other parameters may bring the pitch back down to a workable range.

6-7

Program Mode and the Program Editor

Using the Program Editor

Fine Adjust

You can add slight detuning to the pitch by changing the Þne adjust parameter. Notice that there are actually two Þne adjust parameters on the PITCH page: one that changes the pitch in cents (100ths of a semitone), and one that changes it according to its frequency (in increments of HertzÑcycles per second). Since weÕre discussing the universal control sources here, and not speciÞcally pitch, weÕll move on for now, as the ÒFine HzÓ parameter applies only to pitchrelated functions. See ÒThe PITCH Page,Ó later in this chapter, which describes Fine Hz more thoroughly.

Key T racking

This is a quick way to get additional control based on the MIDI note number of each note you trigger. Key tracking applies a different control signal value for each note number. In the case of pitch, key tracking enables you to change the tuning of each note relative to its normal pitch.

Middle C is the zero point. Regardless of the key tracking value, there is no effect on Middle C. If you set a non-zero value for key tracking, the effect increases for each note above or below Middle C. In the case of pitch, for example, say you assign a value of 5 cents per key for the key tracking parameter. Triggering Middle C (C 4 on the K2vx) will play a normal C 4. Triggering C# 4 will play a note 5 cents higher than C# 4. Triggering D 4 will play a note 10 cents higher than D 4, and so on. Notes below Middle C will be tuned lower than their normal pitches. If you set a negative value for key tracking, notes above Middle C will be tuned lower than their normal pitches.

Keep in mind that key tracking on the PITCH page works in conjunction with the key tracking parameter on the KEYMAP page. This is why you can set the KeyTrk parameter on the PITCH page to 0ct/key, and the K2vx will still increases in pitch by 100 cents/key as you go up the keyboard. ItÕs because the KeyTrk parameter on the KEYMAP page is already set at 100 cents/ key.

Velocity T racking

A positive value for velocity tracking will raise the pitch as you trigger notes with higher attack velocities. This is great for getting a trace of detuning based on your attack velocity, especially in drum programs, where you can make the pitch of the drum samples rise slightly with higher-velocity Note Ons, just as drums do when you strike them harder. Negative values will lower the pitch as you increase the attack velocity.

Source 1

This parameter takes its value from a long list of control sources (you can Þnd it in the Reference GuideÑitÕs called the Control Source list) including every MIDI control number, a host of LFOs,

ASRs, envelopes and other programmable sources.

Src1 works in tandem with the parameter beneath it on the page: Depth. Choose a control source from the list for Src1, then set a value for Depth. When the control source assigned to Src1 is at its maximum, the pitch will be altered to the full depth you set. For example, if you set Src1 to ÒMWheel,Ó and set Depth to 1200 ct, the pitch will rise as you push the Mod Wheel up on your MIDI controller, reaching a maximum of 1200 ct (12 semitones, or one octave).

Source 2

This oneÕs even cooler. Like Src1, you choose a control source from the list. But instead of setting a Þxed depth, you can set a minimum and maximum depth, then assign another control source to determine how much depth you get. Try this example. (Make sure Src1 is set to OFF Þrst, so the two sources donÕt interact). Start with Program 199, and press EDIT. Press the PITCH soft button to select the PITCH page. Set the Src2 parameter to a value of LFO1, then set the Minimum Depth parameter to 100 ct, and Maximum Depth to 1200 ct. Then set the Depth

6-8

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Control parameter to MWheel. This lets you use your MIDI controllerÕs Mod Wheel to vary the depth of the oscillation in pitch generated by the LFO.

Now, when the Mod Wheel is down, the pitch will oscillate between a semitone (100 ct) up and a semitone down (the default waveform for LFO1 is a sine wave, which goes positive and negativeÑif this perplexes you, see the Reference Guide, where thereÕs an explanation of how the K2vx generates and interprets control source signals). With the Mod Wheel up, the pitch will oscillate between an octave up and an octave down.

Since the Mod Wheel is a continuous control, you can achieve any amount of depth control between the minimum and maximum. If you had set the Depth Control to Sustain, for example, then youÕd get only two levels of depth control: the maximum (1200 cents) with your MIDI controllerÕs sustain pedal down, or the minimum (100 cents) with the sustain pedal up.

Summary of Common DSP Control Parameters

These six control source parameters are just a few of the control sources available throughout the Program Editor. WeÕve given them special attention because they appear on all the pages relating to the DSP functions, not just on the PITCH page.

As with the PITCH parameters, you can go to each of the DSP functionsÕ control input pages, and set a similar set of parameters to control each of those functions as well. The units of measurement may differ, but youÕll almost always Þnd one or two adjustment parameters, key and velocity tracking, and two programmable control sources. And remember, weÕve been talking about one layer in one program here. You can add one or two more layers to your program, and start all over with another identical set of control sources for each layer, each of which can be programmed independently.

On any given page, the settings for the control parameters are added to each other before the signal leaves the DSP function. Depending on the values you set, they may cancel each other out, or they may add up to huge amounts of modulation. If things get out of control, the easiest way to get a handle on the situation is to set some of the parameters to values of 0 or OFF. Adjust the value for one parameter at a time to hear the effect of that one parameter.

The Program Editor—Pages

The Algorithm (ALG) Page

The ALG page is the Þrst page you see when you enter the Program Editor. It enables you to select from among the 31 possible algorithms, and assign the DSP functions within the current algorithm.

EditProg:ALG|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Algorithm:1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

errR®rrte11231111112311111123114errR®rt| dPITCH|gkNONE||||||||||||||||||0kAMP||gh CVVVVVVBCVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVBCVVVVVB|

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

<more||ALG||||LAYER||KEYMAP|PITCH||more>

The top line of the display gives you the usual mode reminder, and tells you which layer youÕre looking at, as well as how many layers are in the current program (in the diagram above, itÕs the Þrst layer of a one-layer program). You can view the ALG pages of any other layers in the program by using the CHAN/BANK buttons.

6-9

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The central portion of the page shows the algorithm for the currently selected layer. You see the number of the algorithm (from 1 to 31) and a graphic representation of the signal path, as well as the currently selected DSP functions within the signal path.

To use a different algorithm, select the Algorithm parameter and use any data entry method to select a different one. To change the DSP function within an algorithm, move the cursor to the block you want to change, then use the Alpha Wheel or Plus/Minus buttons. ThereÕs a staggering number of combinations of algorithms and DSP functions alone, not to mention the numerous controls that can be used to modify the DSP functions. the Reference Guide contains a list of all 31 algorithms and the DSP functions available for each one.

NOTE: Changing a layerÕs algorithm can affect the layerÕs sound drastically. ItÕs a good idea to bring down the volume of your K2vx or your sound system before changing algorithms.

The Þve downward-pointing arrows represent inputs to the DSP functions that are available for the current algorithm. Each input arrow has its corresponding page. The Þrst arrow points to the PITCH function. The soft button for the PITCH page is already visible. Press it to view the parameters affecting pitch for the currently selected layer. The buttons for the other four DSP functions are not visible when you Þrst enter the Program Editor. To see them, press the more> soft button (on the right side of the page). YouÕre still on the same page, but the soft buttonsÕ labels change to let you select a different set of pages, as the diagram on the next page shows.

PITCH

CONTROL

PARAMETERS

EditProg:ALG|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

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errR®rrte11231111112311111123114errR®rt| dPITCH|gkHIFREQ|STIMULATOR|||||0kAMP||gh CVVVVVVBCVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVBCVVVVVB|

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

<more||F1|FRQ|F2|DRV|F3|AMP|F4|AMP|more>

The pages (F1ÐF4) that control the DSP functions are described later in this chapter. ThereÕs some general information on algorithms earlier in this chapter; see ÒAlgorithm Basics.Ó Finally, Chapter 14 will give you a thorough description of each the DSP functions and the parameters found on their respective editing pages.

The LAYER Page

Press the LAYER soft button to call up the LAYER page. Here youÕll set a number of parameters that affect the current layerÕs keyboard range, attack and release characteristics, and response to various controls.

FREQUENCY

CONTROL

PARAMETERS

DRIVE

CONTROL

PARAMETERS

AMP

CONTROL

PARAMETERS

FINAL AMP

CONTROL

PARAMETERS

6-10

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

EditProg:LAYER|||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

LoKey|:C|0||DlyCtl:OFF|||||||SusPdl:On|| HiKey|:C|8||MinDly:0.000s||||SosPdl:On|| LoVel|:ppp||MaxDly:0.000s||||FrzPdl:On|| HiVel|:fff||Enable:ON||||||||IgnRel:Off| PBMode:All||S:Norm|64||127|||ThrAtt:Off| Trig||:Norm|Opaque:Off|||||||TilDec:Off| <more||ALG||||LAYER||KEYMAP|PITCH||more>

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT LOW KEY C -1 to G 9 C 0

HIGH KEY C -1 to G 9 C 8 LOW VELOCITY ppp to fff ppp HIGH VELOCITY ppp to fff fff PITCH BEND MODE Off, Key, All All TRIG Normal, Reversed Normal DELAY CONTROL Control Source list OFF MINIMUM DELAY 0 to 25 seconds 0 MAXIMUM DELAY 0 to 25 seconds 0 LAYER ENABLE Control Source list ON ENABLE SENSE Normal, Reversed / Min. / Max. Normal / 64 / 127 OPAQUE LAYER Off, On Off SUSTAIN PEDAL Off, On On SOSTENUTO PEDAL Off, On On FREEZE PEDAL Off, On On IGNORE RELEASE Off, On Off HOLD THROUGH ATTACK Off, On Off HOLD UNTIL SUSTAIN Off, On Off

Low Key (LoKey)

This sets the lowest active note for the current layer. This parameterÕs value cannot be set higher than the value for HiKey. The standard MIDI key range is C -1ÑG 9 (0-127). Middle C is C 4 (ISP).

High Key (HiKey)

Here you set the highest active note for the current layer. This parameterÕs value cannot be set lower than the value for LoKey.

Low V elocity (LoVel)

With this parameter you deÞne the lowest attack velocity at which the layer will be enabled (generate a sound). The values for this parameter and the next are expressed in the standard musical dynamics markings, similar to the values available for the velocity maps. Attack velocities that are below this velocity threshold will not trigger notes. If you set this parameterÕs value higher than the HiVel value, the layer will not play at all.

High Velocity (HiVel)

Similarly, this will set the highest attack velocity at which the layer will be enabled. Attack velocities above this velocity will not trigger notes in this layer.

Pitch Bend Mode (PBMode)

This determines how Pitch bend control messages will affect the current layer. A value of ÒAllÓ bends all notes that are on when the Pitch bend message is generated. A value of ÒKeyÓ bends

6-11

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

only those notes whose triggers are physically on when the Pitch bend message is generated (notes held with the sustain pedal, for example, wonÕt bend). This is great for playing guitar solos on top of chordsÑplay a chord, hold it with the Sustain pedal, then play your licks and bend them all you want; the chord wonÕt bend with it. A value of ÒOffÓ disables Pitch bend for the current layer.

Trigger (Trig)

Set Trig to "Rvrs" to have notes triggered on key-up. The initial velocities of notes triggered this way are determined by the release velocities of the keys that trigger them. The default setting is "Norm"

Delay Control (DlyCtl)

Here you select, from the Control Source list, a control source that will delay the start of all notes in the current layer. The length of the delay is determined by the following two parameters. YouÕll assign a continuous control like MWheel for the DlyCtl parameter when you want to vary the delay time, and a switch control if you want the delay to either be its minimum value (switch off), or its maximum (switch on).

The delay control will affect only those notes triggered after the delay control source is moved; the delay time is calculated at each note start, based on the status of the delay control source at that time.

Minimum Delay (MinDly), Maximum Delay (MaxDly)

The length of the delay is determined by these two parameters. When the control source assigned to DlyCtl is at its minimum, the delay will be equal to the value of MinDly. The delay will be equal to the value of MaxDly when the control source is at its maximum. If DlyCtl is set to OFF, you get the minimum delay. If itÕs set to ON, you get the maximum delay. This doesnÕt change the noteÕs attack time, just the time interval between the Note On message and the start of the attack. The delay is measured in seconds.

Enable

This selects a control source to activate or deactivate the layer. When the assigned control source is on (or above the midpoint of 64 for continuous controls) the layer will be active. The layer will not sound when the control source is off or below its midpoint.

For example, if you wanted to create an octave doubler that would kick in on demand, you could create a program with a second layer, transpose it up or down an octave, and set its Enable parameter to any control source, like MWheel. Then whenever your MIDI controllerÕs Mod Wheel is above its midpoint, youÕll hear the second layer.

Enable Sense (S)

This lets you reverse the orientation of the MIDI control youÕve assigned to enable the layer. A value of Normal has no effect on the Enable parameter, while Reversed will activate the layer when the Enable control source is off or below its midpoint, and deactivate the layer when the Enable control source is on or above its midpoint.

You could use this parameter to set up a two-layer program that would let you use a MIDI control to switch between layers, say a guitar sound and a distorted guitar. Both layers would have their Enable parameters set to the same control source, say MWheel. One would have its Enable Sense parameter set to Normal, and the other would have it set to Reverse. Then the Þrst layer would play when your MIDI controllerÕs Mod Wheel was above its midpoint, and the second layer would play when the Mod Wheel was below its midpoint.

6-12

This is also the place to set the minimum and maximum values at which the layer will be enabled. The range for each is -128-127.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Opaque

An opaque layer blocks all higher-numbered layers in its range, allowing only the opaque layer to play. This is an easy way to change a small range of notes in a program, leaving the original sound playing above and below the new sound. Just create a new layer (Layer 2), set its range (say, C 3 to D 3), assign it the keymap you want, and set its Opaque parameter to On. Then duplicate the original layer, so its number is higher than that of the new layer (the duplicate layer is Layer 3). YouÕll now have a three-layer program. Delete Layer 1 (the original layer), and the new Layer will become Layer 1, while the duplicated original layer becomes Layer 2. Now the new layer will block out the original layer at the notes C 3ÐD 3.

Sustain Pedal (SusPdl)

When this parameter is on, the layer will respond to all sustain messages (MIDI 64) received by the K2vx. When off, the current layer will ignore sustain messages.

Sostenuto Pedal (SosPdl)

When Sostenuto is on, the layer will respond to all sostenuto messages (MIDI 66) received by the K2vx. When off, sostenuto messages are ignored by the layer.

Freeze Pedal (FrzPdl)

Activate or deactivate the layerÕs response to Freeze pedal messages (MIDI 69). The Freeze pedal control causes all notes that are on to sustain without decay until the Freeze pedal control goes off. If a note is already decaying, it will freeze at that level.

Ignore Release (IgnRel)

When on, the layer will ignore all Note Off messages received by the K2vx. This should be used only with sounds that decay naturally, otherwise the sounds will sustain forever. When IgnRel is off, the layer responds normally to Note Off messages.

This parameter can come in handy when your K2vx is slaved to a drum machine or sequencer, which sometimes generates Note Ons and Note Offs so close together that the envelope doesnÕt have time to play before the note is released. YouÕll also want to use this parameter when youÕre playing staccato, and the sound youÕre playing has a long amplitude envelope. This parameter should be used only with notes that eventually decay to silence. Sustaining sounds will sustain forever.

Hold Through Attack (ThrAtt)

When on, this parameter causes all notes in the layer to sustain through the entire Þrst attack segment of their amplitude envelopes, even if the notes have been released.

If you have a sound with a slow attack, or an attack thatÕs delayed with the delay control, setting this parameter to On will make sure your notes reach full amplitude even if youÕre playing fast. When set to Off, notes will release as soon as you release the note (generate a Note Off). If the Þrst attack segment of the layerÕs amplitude envelope is very short, you probably wonÕt notice a difference between values of On and Off.

Hold Until Decay (TilDec)

When on, this parameter causes all notes in the layer to sustain through all three attack segments in their amplitude envelopes even if the notes have been released. Looped amplitude envelopes will not loop, however, if the notes are released before reaching the end of the Þnal attack segment. Notes will go into their normal releases if they are released after the envelope has looped. When set to Off, notes will release as soon as a Note Off message is generated.

6-13

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The KEYMAP Page

Press the KEYMAP soft button to call up the KEYMAP page. The parameters on this page affect sample root selectionÑwhich samples are played on which keys.

EditProg:KEYMAP||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| KeyMap:1|Grand|Piano|||||||||Stereo:Off| Xpose|:0ST||||||||TimbreShift|:0ST|||||| KeyTrk:100ct/key||AltSwitch|||:OFF|||||| VelTrk:0ct||||||||PlayBackMode:Normal||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||ALG||||LAYER||KEYMAP|PITCH||more>

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT KEYMAP Keymap list 1 Grand Piano

TRANSPOSE ± 60 semitones 0 KEY TRACKING ± 2400 cents per key 100 VELOCITY TRACKING ± 7200 cents per key 0 STEREO Off, On Off TIMBRE SHIFT ± 60 semitones 0 ALT SWITCH Control Source list OFF PLAYBACK MODE Norm, Rvrs, Bidirectional, Noise Normal

Keymap

Assign a ROM or RAM keymap to the current layer. Keymaps are collections of samples assigned to note and velocity ranges. There are nearly 200 ROM keymaps to choose from. YouÕll Þnd a list of them in the Reference Guide.

Transpose (Xpose)

Transpose the current keymap up or down as much as 60 semitones (5 octaves).

Key T racking (KeyT rk)

This is one of the six common DSP control parameters. On the KEYMAP page, key tracking affects the interval between notes. The default value of 100 cents (hundredths of a semitone) gives you the normal semitone interval between each note. Higher values increase the interval; lower values decrease it. Negative values will cause the pitch to decrease as you play higher notes. You can create a mirror-image piano by setting the key tracking to Ð100 and transposing the layer up 4 semitones. When you make changes to this parameter, youÕll need to keep in mind that KeyTrk on the KEYMAP page works in conjunction with KeyTrk on the PITCH page. Therefore, youÕll need to check the KeyTrk value on both pages to see how key tracking works within a program.

Velocity T racking (VelT rk)

This is another common DSP control parameter. As with the other parameters on the KEYMAP page, this shifts the position of the keymap. Different attack velocities will play different pitch shifts of the sample root assigned to that note range. If the shift is great enough, the next higher or lower sample root will be played, which in some cases (like the drum programs) will play an entirely different sound. Positive values will play higher pitches of the sample root when you use hard attack velocities (they shift the keymap downward), while negative values will play lower pitches.

6-14

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Stereo

YouÕll use this parameter when youÕre working with stereo samples. When you use the optional stereo piano program or load stereo samples from disk, the K2vx views both sides of the sample as a single sample object. When you select a stereo sample as the value for the Sample parameter, youÕll see the letter ÒSÓ as part of the sample name (for example, Ò204*StratoBlaster E3 SÓ.

When you set this parameter to On, the KEYMAP page changes slightly:

EditProg:KEYMAP||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

KeyMap1:1|Grand|Piano||||||||||||||||||| KeyMap2:None|||||||||||||||||Stereo:On|| Xpose|:0ST||||||||TimbreShift|:0ST|||||| KeyTrk:100ct/key||AltAttackCtl:OFF|||||| VelTrk:0ct||||||||PlayBackMode:Normal||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||ALG||||LAYER||KEYMAP|PITCH||more>

An additional Keymap parameter appears. The two keymap parameters are distinguished as Keymap 1 and Keymap 2. The KEYMAP page parameters will affect both keymaps. When the Stereo parameter is on, the OUTPUT page for the current layer will show an additional pair of Pan parameters.

To get the samples to play together, set the Stereo parameter to On, and select the keymap as the value for both the Keymap 1 and Keymap 2 parameters. The K2vx automatically uses the left side for Keymap 1, and the right side for Keymap 2. Then go to the OUTPUT page and set the panning for each sample as desired. Keep in mind that using stereo keymaps reduces the polyphony of the program. For example, if you had a two-layer program with stereo keymaps in each layer, each note you play would use 4 of your 48 voices, allowing a total of 12 notes before all the voices have been used.

This parameter is unnecessary if youÕre not using stereo samples, and should be set to Off in that case.

Timbre Shift

This parameter works only on multi-sample keymaps, and changes the root selection for each key you play. With this parameter you can radically alter the current layerÕs timbre (basic sound characteristics). The nature of the change depends on the timbre itself, so this parameter calls for experimentation. Basically, timbre shifting changes a noteÕs timbre by imposing different harmonic qualities onto the note. A timbre-shifted note retains its original pitch, but its harmonics are those of the same timbre at a higher or lower pitch. Positive values for this parameter tend to brighten a sound, while negative values darken.

HereÕs an example. If you shift the timbre up 4 semitones, then playing C 4 will result in the pitch C 4, but will actually play the sample normally assigned to G# 3, and shift its pitch up 4 semitones. This will increase the playback rate of the sample, so although the pitch remains normal, the timbre is brighter. YouÕd get the same effect by setting the Xpose parameter on the Keymap page to -4 semitones, then setting the Adjust on the PITCH page to + 4 semitones. For multi-sample layers with narrow key ranges, large amounts of timbre shifting will cause different sample roots to be played back.

Alternative Switch (AltSwitch)

You can assign a control source to change the sound by using an alternate start point or alternate end point for the current keymap. Whether or not it is an alternate start or alternate end depends on the position of the Alt parameter for the sample (set in the Sample Editor).

6-15

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

When set before the end point, it is used as an alternate start (the Alt point can be before or after the normal Start point). When set after the end it is used as an alt end.

If you place the Alt point after the initial attack transients of the sample, then you can use the Alt Switch to emulate legato playing in an acoustic instrument. As an example, set the Keymap to "#14 Flute". Now set the Alt Switch parameter to Chan St (Channel State). Now if you play notes separately, the initial breathy chiff will be heard. But if you play the notes legato (connecting them smoothly), the Alt point is used and you do not hear the chiff. This is because the Chan St is turned on as long as any note is being held. Most of the K2vxÕs ROM samples have their Alt points set for purposes of legato play. In most cases the difference in attacks is subtle, but for some sounds, like drums, the difference can be more noticeable.

For more information, refer to the discussion of the TRIM pageÕs Alt point on page 15--14.

Playback Mode

This gives you four options for manipulating the samples in the current layer as you trigger them. Normal leaves the samples unaffected, while Reverse plays them in reverse. At a value of Reverse, the samples will continue to loop as long as notes are sustained. To play them just once in reverse, you would adjust the length of the layerÕs amplitude envelope (explained later in this chapter). BiDirect (bidirectional) causes the samples to loop inÞnitely, alternating between normal and reversed playback. Finally, Noise replaces the samples with a white noise generator.

The PITCH Page

Press the PITCH soft button, and the PITCH page will appear. These parameters adjust the pitch (playback rate) of the samples after the root has been selected by the keymap.

EditProg:PITCH|||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT COARSE ADJUST –120 to 60 ST (semitones) 0

FINE ADJUST (cts) ± 100 cents 0 FINE ADJUST (Hz) ± 6 Hz 0 KEY TRACKING ± 2400 cents per key 0 VELOCITY TRACKING ± 7200 cents per key 0 SOURCE 1 Control Source list OFF DEPTH ± 7200 cents 0 SOURCE 2 Control Source list OFF DEPTH CONTROL Control Source list MWheel MINIMUM DEPTH ± 7200 cents 0 MAXIMUM DEPTH ± 7200 cents 0

6-16

These parameters were described in the section on common DSP control parameters earlier in this chapter, so we wonÕt repeat them here, but a word about the Fine Hz parameter is in order.

Fine Hz

This measures pitch adjustment by the relative frequency (in Hertz) of each note. This is useful for controlling the beat frequency between layers in a multi-layered program. Using this parameter to detune chorusing layers will keep the beat frequency constant across much of the keyboard. Although the ratio of frequencies between each layer remains constant, the detuning will increase at lower pitches, and can become extreme. The K2vx automatically limits the amount of detuning when it becomes extreme, so youÕll notice the beat frequencies moving out of sync when you play low pitches.

F1–F3 Pages

These pages are reached by pressing the F1, F2, and F3 soft buttons, respectively. They contain the parameters governing the three variable DSP functions in each algorithm. The pages vary depending on the DSP functions selected for the three middle DSP control inputs, represented by the downward-pointing arrows on the ALG page. See the Reference Guide for a complete list of the algorithms and their available DSP functions.

The F4 AMP Page

Press the F4 AMP soft button to call up this page, which features Þve of the six common DSP control parameters, in this case controlling the Þnal amplitude of the current layer before it reaches the audio outputs. ThereÕs also a parameter that enables you to pad (attenuate) the current layerÕs signal before its Þnal ampliÞcation.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

EditProg:F4|AMP(FINAL|AMP)|<>Layer:1/1||

Adjust:6dB||||||||||Src1||:OFF|||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Depth|:0dB|||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Src2||:OFF|||||||||| KeyTrk:|0.00dB/key||DptCtl:MWheel||||||| VelTrk:20dB|||||||||MinDpt:0dB|||||||||| Pad|||:0dB||||||||||MaxDpt:0dB|||||||||| <more||F1|||||F2|||||F3|||||F4|AMP|more>

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT ADJUST –96 to 48 dB 6

KEY TRACKING ± 2 dB 0 VELOCITY TRACKING ± 96 dB 20 PAD 0, 6, 12, 18 dB 0 SOURCE 1 Control Source list OFF DEPTH ± 96 dB 0 SOURCE 2 Control Source list OFF DEPTH CONTROL Control Source list MWheel MINIMUM DEPTH ± 96 dB 0 MAXIMUM DEPTH ± 96 dB 0

Adjust

Adjust the overall amplitude (gain) of the currently selected layer. In multi-layer programs, this parameter adjusts the amplitude of the layers relative to each other. This is the Þnal output control for the layer (Post-amp pad). Be careful not to set this too high! If one of your layers is too loud, itÕs generally better to cut its level than to boost the others. This will keep distortion to a minimum.

6-17

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Key T racking

This uses the MIDI note numbers of the notes you play as a control source affecting the individual amplitudes of each note in the current layer. Positive values increase the amplitude as you play higher-pitched notes. For example, if the key tracking is .20 dB/key, then C#4 will be .20 dB louder than C 4 if triggered with the same attack velocity. If the value for this parameter were negative, C#4 would have less amplitude than C 4. A word of caution here: values above 0.30 dB/key (or below Ð0.30) can generate extremely high amplitude levels. If you set this parameter that high without lowering the value of the Adjust parameter to -12 dB or lower, your sound may clip, which can be useful, but it isnÕt necessarily what you want.

Velocity T racking

This essentially adjusts the steepness of the curve applied by the VelTouch setting (Master mode). At a value of 0, every note in the current layer would have the same amplitude, regardless of its attack velocity. When the value is positive, note amplitude increases as attack velocity increases. When the value is negative, note amplitude decreases as attack velocity increases. Larger values increase the range between minimum and maximum amplitude, so with a large positive value, the amplitude will be low when you play softly. Small values decrease the range between min and max, so with a small positive value, youÕll get nearly full amplitude even with light attack velocities.

Pad

Select one of four attenuation levels for cutting the amplitude of the current layer before the Þnal amp stage (Pre-amp pad). Use the pad if the layerÕs sound distorts when played. Note: clipping can occur in earlier algorithm blocks as well. If this is the case, youÕll probably want to try to remove the clipping in the earlier block, if possible.

Sources 1 and 2, Depth Controls

These are common DSP control parameters, which in this case let you assign control sources to affect the amplitude of the current layer. The functions of common DSP control parameters are explained in their own section earlier in this chapter.

The OUTPUT Page

This page is reached by pressing the OUTPUT soft button. This is where you route the signal to the eight separate outs, and to the MIX outputs, with or without passing through the effects processor on the way. If youÕre using the MIX outputs, select Output Group A if you want the layer to appear at the MIX outputs with effects, or Output Group B, C, or D if you want the layer to appear dry at the MIX outputs.

The OUTPUT page gives you broad control over the audio signal. You can adjust the output routings of every layer in every program, enabling you to take maximum advantage of the K2vxÕs ßexible audio output capabilities.

There are actually four different conÞgurations of the OUTPUT page. The one you see depends on whether the current layer uses a stereo keymap, and whether it uses a double-output algorithm. A double-output algorithm is one whose signal path is split into two parts before Þnal ampliÞcation.

6-18

Regardless of the pageÕs conÞguration, there are parameters for adjusting the Output Group, the Pan position, the Output Mode, the Gain, the Crossfade control, and the Crossfade sense. Layers that use stereo keymaps, or that use double-output algorithms, have additional sets of Output Group and Pan parameters on their OUTPUT pages.

The following page is for a layer with one keymap and a single-path algorithm.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

EditProg:OUTPUT||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Pair:A(FX)|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Pan|:L|||||||*|||||||R|||||||||||||||||| Mode:+MIDI|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Gain:6dB|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| CrossFade|:OFF||||||XFadeSense:Norm||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT PAIR A(FX), B(DRY), C(DRY), D(DRY) A(FX)

PAN Left to Right (15 positions) Center MODE Fixed, +MIDI, Auto, Reverse +MIDI GAIN –12 to 30 dB (6 dB increments) 6 dB CROSSFADE CONTROL Control Source list OFF CROSSFADE SENSE Normal, Reversed Normal

Pair

This parameter deÞnes the Output Group of the current layerÑthat is, which group of audio outputs the layer uses. If the layer is assigned to Pair A, for example, its audio signal will appear at the Group A outputs. The signal will also appear at the mixed outputs, with effects applied, if there are no cables inserted into the Group A outputs.

Pan

Use this parameter to position the current layerÕs audio signal between the left and right outputs of whichever Output Group theyÕre assigned to.

Mode

When the mode is Fixed the pan position remains as deÞned with the Pan parameter, ignoring MIDI pan messages. When the mode is +MIDI, MIDI pan messages (MIDI 10) will shift the sound to the left or right of the Pan parameter setting. Message values below 64 shift it left, while those above 64 shift it right. A setting of Auto assigns the pan setting of each note based on its MIDI note number. In this case, Middle C (MIDI note number 60) is equivalent to the Pan parameterÕs setting. Lower notes shift increasingly left, while higher notes shift increasingly right. A setting of Reverse shifts low notes right, and high notes left. MIDI pan messages will also affect the pan position when values of Auto and Reverse are selected.

NOTE: If youÕre using the PANNER DSP function in the algorithm for any of the layers in a program, that layer will respond to MIDI pan messages even if the Mode parameter is set to a value of Fixed. ThatÕs just the way it is.

Gain

Boost (or cut) the amplitude of the current layer. For layers using double-output algorithms, the gain is divided evenly between the two signal paths. Since this gain is not affected by the layerÕs amplitude envelope, you can use it to add a constant amount of gain to a layer.

Crossfade, Crossfade Sense (XFadeSense)

The Crossfade parameter lets you select a control source to fade the current layerÕs amplitude from zero to maximum. When Crossfade Sense is Normal, the layer is at full amplitude when the Crossfade control is at minimum. With Crossfade Sense set to Reverse, the layer is at zero amplitude when the Crossfade control is at minimum.

6-19

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

This parameter is similar to the Src1 and Depth parameters on the F4 AMP page, but the attenuation curve for the Crossfade parameter is optimized speciÞcally for crossfades.

To crossfade two layers in the same program, assign the same control source for the CrossFade parameters in both layers, then set one of their XFadeSense parameters to a value of Norm, and the otherÕs to Rvrs.

Other OUTPUT Page Conﬁgurations

The following page is for a layer with one keymap and a double-output algorithm. The U and L stand for the upper and lower wires (signal paths). You have independent control of the output parameters for each wire.

EditProg:OUTPUT||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||Pair:||Pan:||||||||||||||Mode:||Gain:| U:A(FX)||L||||||||||||||*R|+MIDI||6dB||| L:A(FX)||L*||||||||||||||R|+MIDI||6dB||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| CrossFade|:OFF||||||XFadeSense:Norm||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

Next are the two page conÞgurations for layers with stereo keymaps: the Þrst one uses a singleoutput algorithm, and the second uses a double-output algorithm.

With a single-output algorithm, stereo keymap layers let you adjust the pan position of each keymap, but all other parameters are identical for both keymaps.

EditProg:OUTPUT||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

Pair:A(FX)|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Pan1:L*||||||||||||||R|||||||||||||||||| Pan2:L||||||||||||||*R|||||||||||||||||| Mode:+MIDI|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Gain:6dB|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| CrossFade|:OFF||||||XFadeSense:Norm||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

When a stereo keymap layer uses a double-output algorithm, both keymaps are split between the upper and lower wires. In other words, both wires carry the signal from each of the keymaps. The Output Group (Pair), Output mode, and Gain level of Keymap 1 are mimicked by Keymap 2 (thatÕs why these parameters arenÕt displayed for Keymap 2 on the OUTPUT page). You can, however, set the pan positions independently for the upper and lower wires of both keymaps.

EditProg:OUTPUT||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||Pair:||Pan:||||||||||||||Mode:|Gain:| U1:A(FX)||L*||||||||||||||R|+MIDI|6dB||| L1:A(FX)||L||||||||||||||*R|+MIDI|6dB||| U2:|||||||L||||||||||||||*R||||||||||||| L2:|||||||L*||||||||||||||R||||||||||||| CrossFade|:OFF||||||XFadeSense:Norm||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

6-20

The EFFECT Page

On the EFFECT page youÕll adjust the parameters that control the preset effect that the global effects processor applies to the currently selected program. Press the EFFECT soft button and the EFFECT page appears:

EditProg:EFFECT||||||||||||||All|Layers|

EffectPreset:1|Sweet|Hall|2||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||Adjust:||Source:||Depth:||| Wet/Dry|Mix|:45%Wet|||OFF||||||0|||||||| (Realtime|1):0||||||||OFF||||||0|||||||| (Realtime|2):0||||||||OFF||||||0|||||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

The top line of the page gives you the usual mode reminder, and shows that the preset effect you select will apply to all layers of the program. Keep in mind that these parameters are globalÑthat is, they affect every part of the programÕs sound that goes through the global effects processor. The display reminds you of this by showing ÒAll LayersÓ in the top line.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The Effect Preset parameter determines which preset effect will be selected when you select the program in Program mode.

The remaining three parametersÑAdjust, Source, and DepthÑapply to three inputs that can be used to modify the preset effect in real time, using any of the control sources. The inputs are the Wet/Dry Mix, and two other realtime inputs that vary with the preset effectÑchorus delay, reverb time, and other similar multi-effects DSP functions.

The Adjust parameter sets the initial level for the three inputs. This deÞnes the status of the effect when no control source signal is applied to the inputs. For the Wet/Dry Mix, the range of levels is 0 to 100%. For the two variable inputs, the ranges are Ð128 to 127.

This Source parameter lets you deÞne which control source is used to modify each of the inputs. The values are taken from the Control Source list.

The Depth parameter deÞnes how much you can modify each input with its assigned control source. The range for each input is Ð128 to 127.

Wet/Dry Mix

The Wet/Dry Mix parameter determines how much of the preset effect is applied to the program. A value of 0% leaves the program dry; no effect is heard. A value of 100% removes all of the dry signal, and you hear a full effect level on the sound. For best results, start with values of near 50%, and tweak them from there.

Realtime 1 and 2

These two inputs differ with each preset effect. When you select different preset effects, the names of these two inputs will change to reßect the effect parameter that can be modiÞed via the control source youÕve assigned with the Source parameter.

When youÕre recording sequences and including realtime effects changes in the sequence, be sure that the realtime effects messages occur at least 200 milliseconds after program or setup changes. It takes the K2vx approximately 200 milliseconds to switch preset effects, and realtime effects events can interfere with the selection of the new effect. The most likely result is that the realtime effects messages will be ignored.

6-21

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The COMMON Page

HereÕs where you Þnd six frequently-used parameters that affect the entire current program, not just the current layer. The COMMON page is reached by pressing the COMMON soft button in the Program Editor.

EditProg:COMMON||||||||||||||All|Layers|

Pitch|Bend|Range:200ct||||Globals:Off||| Monophonic||||||:Off|||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

Notice that when the Monophonic parameter is set to its default value of Off, the four monophonic parameters do not appear on the page.

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT PITCH BEND RANGE ± 7200 cents 200 cents

MONOPHONIC Off, On Off (LEGATO PLAY) Off, On Off (PORTAMENTO) Off, On Off (PORTAMENTO RATE) 1 to 3000 keys per second 70 (ATTACK PORTAMENTO) Off, On On GLOBALS Off, On Off

Pitch Bend Range

Use this parameter to deÞne how much the pitch will change when you move your MIDI controllerÕs Pitch Wheel. Positive values will cause the pitch to bend up when the Pitch Wheel is pushed up, while negative values will cause the inverse. Large positive values can cause samples to bend to their maximum upward pitch shift before the Pitch Wheel is fully up. This will not happen when bending pitch down.

Monophonic

When off, the program is polyphonicÑit can play up to 48 notes at a time. Notice that when the Mono Mode parameter is off, the three Portamento parameters do not appear on the COMMON page. This is because only monophonic programs can use portamento.

When On, the program will play only one note at a time. This makes it possible to use portamento, so the remaining parameters appear.

EditProg:COMMON||||||||||||||All|Layers|

Pitch|Bend|Range:200ct||||Globals:Off||| Monophonic||||||:On||||||||||||||||||||| Legato|Play|||||:On||||||||||||||||||||| Portamento||||||:Off|||||||||||||||||||| Portamento|Rate|:70.0key/s|||||||||||||| AttackPortamento:Off|||||||||||||||||||| <more||OUTPUT|EFFECT|COMMON|SetRng|more>

6-22

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Legato Play

When Legato Play is on, a note will play its attack only when all other notes have been released. This is useful for realistic instrumental sounds.

Portamento

This parameter is either on or off. The default value of Off means that portamento is disabled for the current program.

Portamento is a glide between pitches. On actual acoustic instruments like violin and bass, itÕs achieved by sliding a Þnger along a vibrating string. On most keyboards that offer portamento, itÕs achieved by holding down a key that triggers the starting note, then striking and releasing other keys. The pitch glides toward the most recently triggered note, and remains at that pitch as long as the note remains on. The K2vx gives you two ways to get portamento. See the Attack Portamento parameter below.

When youÕre applying large amounts of portamento to multi-sampled sounds (Acoustic Guitar, for example), the K2vx will play more than one sample root as the pitch glides from the starting pitch to the ending pitch. This may cause a small click at each sample root transition. You can reduce the number of clicks youÕll hear by entering the Program Editor and adjusting the KeyTrk parameter on both the KEYMAP and PITCH pages. The quickest way is to set the KeyTrk value on the KEYMAP page to 0, and to 100 on the PITCH page. This will stretch the sample root that plays at C 4 across the entire keyboard. Now any amount of portamento will play only one sample root, and the clicks will disappear.

ThereÕs a tradeoff here, since many sounds will change in timbre as these single sample roots are pitch-shifted during the portamento. This will be most noticeable for acoustic instrument sounds, and may not be noticeable at all for single-cycle waveforms like sawtooth waves. Furthermore, some samples will not glide all the way up to the highest notesÑthereÕs a limit to the amount of upward pitch-shifting that can be applied to samples. If this doesnÕt work for you, you can compromise between the number of clicks and the amount of timbre change by further adjusting the KeyTrk parameters on the KEYMAP and PITCH pages.

As long as the combined values of the KeyTrk parameters on both pages add up to 100, youÕll have normal semitone intervals between keys. If you set both parameters to values of 50, for example, the sound will still play normally, and youÕll have several sample roots (about half the number of the original sound) stretched evenly across the keyboard, instead of just one. This will give you fewer clicks than in the original sound, but not as much change in timbre as setting the KEYMAP KeyTrk value all the way to 0. Set the KEYMAP KeyTrk parameter higher to reduce the change in timbre, or set the PITCH KeyTrk value higher to reduce the number of clicks. Just make sure the combined values add up to 100, to preserve the normal intervals between notes.

Portamento Rate

The setting for Portamento rate determines how fast the current note glides from starting pitch to ending pitch. The value of this parameter tells you how many seconds the note takes to glide one semitone toward the ending pitch. At a setting of 12 keys/second, for example, the pitch would glide an octave every second. The list of values is non-linear; that is, the increments get larger as you scroll to higher values.

Attack Portamento

This parameter toggles between two types of portamento. When set to On, the K2vx remembers the starting pitch so you donÕt have to hold a note on to achieve portamento. The pitch always glides to each new note from the previously triggered note. When set to Off, the pitch will glide to the most recently triggered note only when the previous note is still on (in other words, you must use legato Þngering).

6-23

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Globals

This is another toggle, which affects LFO2, ASR2, and FUNs 2 and 4. When off, these four control sources are local; they affect each individual note in the layers that use them as a control source. They begin operating each time a note in that layer is triggered.

When the Globals parameter is set to On, these control sources become global, that is they affect every note in every layer of the current program, not just the one to which theyÕre applied. When these control sources are global, they begin operating as soon as the program is selected. When Globals are on, LFO2, ASR2, and FUNs 2 and 4 will appear on their respective pages preceded by the letter ÒGÓ to indicate that theyÕre global.

YouÕll use global control sources when you want to affect each note in a given layer uniformly, and local control sources when you want to affect each layerÕs note independently. For example, youÕd use a global LFO controlling pitch to create a Leslie effect on an organ sound, since you want the affect applied to all the notes you play. YouÕd use a local LFO controlling pitch to create a vibrato for a solo violin, since you want to be able to vary the rate and depth of the vibrato for each note.

The Amplitude Envelope (AMPENV) Page

Amplitude envelopes have three sections: attack, decay, and release. The attack section determines how long each note takes to reach its assigned amplitude level after you trigger a Note On event. The decay section determines how quickly and how much a sustained sound fades before a Note Off is triggered. The release section determines how quickly a sound fades to silence after a Note Off is triggered.

Press the AMPENV soft button to reach the Amplitude Envelope page. For many programs, it will look like the diagram below, which tells you that the amplitude for the current layer is the default, ÒnaturalÓ ROM amplitude envelope thatÕs applied to each sample and waveform during its original development process. YouÕll leave the amplitude envelope in Natural mode when you donÕt want to change the way the current layerÕs loudness develops.

EditProg:AMPENV||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||Mode:Natural||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||AMPENV|ENV2|||ENV3|||ENVCTL|more>

If you want to build your own amplitude envelope, just turn the Alpha Wheel a click. The word ÒNaturalÓ will change to ÒUser,Ó and a set of AMPENV parameters will appear. The sound will change when you do this, because the default settings for the User envelope, as shown in the diagram below, take effect as soon as you leave Natural mode. Returning to Natural mode applies the original amplitude envelope once again.

6-24

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

EditProg:AMPENV|||||[1/1]||<>Layer:1/1||

Att1:Att2:Att3:Dec1:Rel1:Rel2:Rel3:Loop:

0s|||0s|||0s|||0s|||0s|||0s|||0s|||Off||

100%|0%|||0%|||100%|0%|||0%|||0%|||Inf||

UUUUsssseeeerr

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||AMPENV|ENV2|||ENV3|||ENVCTL|more>

YouÕll tweak the parameters on the AMPENV page when you want to shape the amplitude characteristics of your sounds. A graphic view of the amplitude envelope will appear on the display to give you a visual sense of the envelopeÕs characteristics. The dots along the envelope graphic indicate the breakpoints between the envelopeÕs various segments. The small horizontal arrow represents the end of the decay section. The small downward-pointing arrow represents the beginning of the release section.

Because the K2vxÕs ROM samples are stored in a compressed format, applying an altered amplitude envelope can change more than just the amplitude of your sound, since it also changes the rate at which the samples are decompressed for playback. When the samples are made to play back with altered envelopes, the timbres can evolve in new and interesting ways.

The AMPENV pageÕs top line gives you the usual location reminder, points out the currently selected layer, and tells you the relative scale of the envelopeÕs graphic view. The envelope graphic shrinks in scale as the segment times get longer. This auto-zoom feature maximizes the available display space. Try lengthening one of the segment times. The envelope graphic will stretch to Þll the display from left to right. When it Þlls the display, it will shrink to half its size, and the top line will indicate that the scale has changed (from [1/1] to [1/2], for example).

Each parameter on this page has two values, as listed below. For the envelope segments, the Þrst (upper) value is the duration of the segment, and the second is the amplitude level at the completion of the segment. For the Loop parameter, the values deÞne how the envelope loops, and how many times the loop cycles.

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES ATTACK SEGMENT 1, 2, 3 TIME 0 to 60 seconds

LEVEL 0 to 100 %

DECAY SEGMENT TIME 0 to 60 seconds

LEVEL 0 to 100 %

RELEASE SEGMENT 1, 2, 3 TIME 0 to 60 seconds

LEVEL 0 to 100 %

LOOP TYPE Off, Forward, Bidirectional

# OF LOOPS Infinite, 1 to 31 times

Attack Segment Times

These indicate how long it takes for the current layerÕs amplitude to reach its Þnal level from its starting level.

Attack Segment Levels

These are the Þnal levels that each segment achieves at completion. The levels are expressed as percentages of the maximum possible amplitude for the current layer. Attack segment 1 always

6-25

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

starts at zero amplitude, and moves to its assigned level in the time speciÞed by its time value. So the default settings of 0 seconds and 100% mean that the Þrst segment of the attack section moves instantly from zero amplitude to 100% amplitude. Increase the time of Attack segment 1 if you want the sound to ramp up more slowly.

Attack segments 2 and 3 affect the sound only when you set a non-zero value for time. They will then move to their assigned levels in the time speciÞed. Their starting levels are equal to the Þnal levels of the preceding segment.

Decay Segment

The decay section has only one segment. It has values for time and level, just as for the attack section. The decay section begins as soon as the attack section has been completed. It starts at the same amplitude level as the attack segment preceding it, and moves to its assigned level in the time speciÞed. YouÕll hear a noteÕs decay section only when the attack section is completed before a Note Off message is generated for that note.

To create a sustaining envelope, simply set the Decay segment to a non-zero value.

Release Segments

Like the attack and decay sections, each of the three segments in the release section has values for time and level. Each segment reaches its assigned level in the time speciÞed for that segment. Release segment 1 starts at the Note Off event for each note, at the current amplitude level of that noteÑwhether itÕs in the attack section or the decay section. It then moves to its assigned level in the time speciÞed. Release segments 2 and 3 start at the Þnal levels of the segments before them. Release segments 1 and 2 can be set to any level from 0 to 100%. Release segment 3 always has a level of 0%, so you canÕt adjust its level. In place of its Level parameter you see a parameter that lets you toggle between User envelopes and the soundÕs preprogrammed ÒnaturalÓ envelope.

Loop Type

There are seven different values for Loop type.

A value of Off disables looping for the current layerÕs amplitude envelope.

Values of seg1F, seg2F, and seg3F are forward loops. In each case, the amplitude envelope plays through the attack and decay sections, then loops back to the beginning of the Þrst, second, or third attack segments, respectively.

Values of seg1B, seg2B, and seg3B, are bidirectional loops. The amplitude envelope plays through the attack and decay sections, then reverses and plays backward to the beginning of the Þrst, second, or third attack segment, respectively. When it reaches the beginning of the assigned attack segment, it reverses again, playing forward to the end of the decay section, and so on.

Number of Loops

A value of Inf makes the amplitude envelope loop until a Note Off is generated. Values of 1 through 31 indicate how many times the loop will repeat after the amplitude envelope has played once through its normal cycle.

Regardless of the loop type and the number of loops, each note goes into its release section as soon as its Note State goes off (that is, when a Note Off is generated). The envelope will continue to loop as long as Note State remains on, whether itÕs held on by a pedal, by the IgnRel parameter (described in the section entitled ÒThe LAYER PageÓ), or whatever.

6-26

Envelopes 2 and 3

The K2vx offers two envelopes in addition to the amplitude envelope. Like the amplitude envelope, Envelopes 2 and 3 can be assigned like any other control source. The only difference between these two envelopes and the amplitude envelope is that Envelopes 2 and 3 can be bipolar. This means that you can set negative values for them. (Obviously, you canÕt have an amplitude less than zero, so the amplitude envelope is unipolarÑthe values range from 0 to 100%). A bipolar envelope controlling pitch, for example, could modulate the pitch both above and below its original level.

EditProg:ENV2|||||||[1/1]||<>Layer:1/1||

Att1:Att2:Att3:Dec1:Rel1:Rel2:Rel3:Loop:

2.00|2.00|2.00|0s|||0s|||0s|||0s|||Off|| 100%|-100|100%|100%|0%|||0%|||0%|||Inf|| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||AMPENV|ENV2|||ENV3|||ENVCTL|more>

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The pages for Envelopes 2 and 3 are reached with the soft buttons ENV2 and ENV3. When you select these pages, youÕll Þnd a display that looks very much like the AMPENV page. The only differences are that you can program an amount for Rel3, and in the envelope graphic, which has a dotted line running horizontally across the display. This is the zero level line; negative level values for the various envelope segments will cause the envelope graphic to dip below this line.

The Envelope Control (ENVCTL) Page

Envelopes are control sources with outputs that evolve over time without repeating (unless you want them to). You can make the envelopes even more powerful by using envelope control. This gives you realtime control over the rates of each section of the envelopes. Press the ENVCTL soft button to reach the ENVCTL page.

EditProg:ENVCTL||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||Adjust:KeyTrk:VelTrk:Source:Depth:| Att:|1.000x|1.000x|1.000x|MIDI73|1.000x| Dec:|1.000x|1.000x||||||||MIDI72|1.000x| Rel:|1.000x|1.000x||||||||MIDI72|1.000x| Imp:|0.0dB|||0.00d|0.0dB||OFF||||0.0dB|| <more||AMPENV|ENV2|||ENV3|||ENVCTL|more>

The displayÕs top line reminds you of the current layer. The Þrst line of text in the center of the display shows Þve of the common DSP control parameters: Adjust, Key tracking, Velocity tracking, and Source/Depth.

This page is a table showing the Þve envelope control parameters, and their values for each of the three sections of the envelopes. Additionally, the line above the soft buttons lets you make use of the Impact feature, which adds an amplitude overshoot to the Þrst 20 milliseconds of a noteÕs attack. ItÕs important to keep in mind that if you set up an envelope control source, it affects Envelopes 2 and 3, as well as the amplitude envelope (Natural or User). Furthermore, the values for the various parameters are cumulative. With the exception of Impact, though, ENVCTL does not affect the attack sections of natural envelopes.

6-27

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

The parameters and values in the following list apply to each of the three envelope sectionsÑ attack, decay, and release. WeÕll describe them only once, since their functions are largely the same for each envelope section. The only difference is with velocity tracking, which is hardwired to control only the attack sections of the envelopes (you can assign attack velocity as the value for the Source parameter in each of the sections, however).

The values of each of these parameters multiply the rates of the envelope sections they control. Values greater than 1.000x make the envelope sections run faster (they increase the rate), while values less than 1.000x make the envelope sections run slower. Say for example that on the current layerÕs AMPENV page you had set the Decay sectionÕs time at 2.00 seconds, and its level at 0%. This sets the layerÕs amplitude to fade to silence two seconds after the completion of the last attack segment. The decay time is two seconds; the decay rate is 50% per second. Now if you select the ENVCTL page and set the Decay Adjust parameter to a value of 2.000x, youÕve increased the decay rate by a factor of two. The rate increases to 100% per second, and the decay time is now one second instead of two.

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES

ADJUST 0.018 to 50.000x KEY TRACKING 0.018 to 50.000x VELOCITY TRACKING 0.018 to 50.000x SOURCE Control Source list DEPTH 0.018 to 50.000x

(Att, Dec, Rel)

Adjust

This is the familiar Coarse adjust found on many other pages. Use it here to change the rate of one of the envelope sections without reprogramming the envelope itself. This parameter doesnÕt give you realtime control over the envelope. It is, however, a good way to adjust the natural envelopes without switching to a User envelope and trying to approximate the Natural envelope.

Key T racking

This uses the MIDI note number of each key as the control input for the current layerÕs corresponding envelope section. When the value of this parameter is greater than 1.000x, notes above C 4 will make the envelope section run faster, while notes below C 4 will make it run slower. When the value of this parameter is less than 1.000x, notes above C 4 will make the envelope section run slower, and notes below C 4 will make it run faster. This gives you realtime envelope control right from your MIDI controller. You might use it, for example, to cause an acoustic guitar sound to decay quicker at the high end (set the key tracking to a positive value).

Velocity T racking

Use your attack velocity as the control input for the current layerÕs attack section (this parameter doesnÕt apply to decay or release). When the value of this parameter is greater than

1.000x, attack velocities greater than 64 make the attack section run faster, and attack velocities below 64 make it run slower. This gives you realtime attack control over the envelope.

Source, Depth

These two parameters work together to let you assign a control like the Mod Wheel to affect the current layerÕs envelopes in realtime. The value of the Source parameter deÞnes which control affects the envelope section, and the value of the Depth parameter deÞnes how much the rate is multiplied when the control is at its maximum.

6-28

Impact

Impact punches the volume during the Þrst 20 milliseconds of the attack of an envelope. Use this feature to get maximum "thump" from your bass and drum sounds.

Programs you create that use Impact will not work on a K2vx.

The LFO Page

These are low-frequency oscillators. YouÕll use the LFO page to deÞne the behavior of the two LFOs available to each layer. LFOs are periodic (repeating) control sources. The basic elements are the rate and shape, which deÞne how frequently the LFO repeats, and the waveform of the modulation signal it generates.

With the K2vx, you can set upper and lower limits on each LFOÕs rate, and assign a control source to change the LFOÕs rate in realtime, if you wish.

Because of its periodic nature, the LFO is perfect for creating effects like vibrato (cyclic variation in pitch) and tremolo (cyclic variation in amplitude). When youÕre editing LFOs, or any control source, remember that it must be assigned to control some parameter before youÕll hear the effects of your edits.

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

LFO1 is always local, meaning that itÕs triggered with each Note On event, and runs independently for each note in the layer. LFO2 is local by default, but can be made global. This is done on the COMMON page, by setting the Globals parameter to On, which causes LFO2, ASR2, FUN2 and FUN4 all to become global. Global controls uniformly affect every note in each layer.

EditProg:LFO|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||MnRate:MxRate:RateCt:Shape:|Phase: LFO1:||2.00H||0.00H|OFF||||Sine|||Odeg|| LFO2:||OFF||||0.00H|OFF||||Sine|||Odeg|| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||LFO||||ASR||||FUN||||VTRIG||more>

The top line of this page gives the usual mode reminder and tells you which layer youÕre looking at. There are Þve parameters for each of the LFOs.

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT MINIMUM RATE 0 to 24 Hz 2.00 (OFF for LFO2)

MAXIMUM RATE 0 to 24 Hz 0.00 RATE CONTROL Control Source list OFF LFO SHAPE LFO Shape list (Ref. Guide) Sine LFO START PHASE 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees 0

Minimum Rate

This is the slowest rate at which the LFO will run. When its Rate control is set to OFF, or when the control source assigned to it is at its minimum, the LFO runs at its minimum rate.

Maximum Rate

This is the fastest possible rate for the LFO. When its Rate control is set to ON, or when the control source assigned to it is at its maximum, the LFO runs at its maximum rate.

6-29

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

Rate Control

Assign any control source in the list to modulate the LFOÕs rate between its minimum and maximum. A continuous control like the Mod Wheel is a natural choice, enabling you to get just about any rate between min and max. But you can use a switch control too, to get just the min or max with nothing in between. Assigning MPress as the rate control for an LFO vibrato gives you an easy way to increase the vibrato rate in realtime, as you can on many acoustic instruments.

LFO Shape

The shape of the LFO waveform determines the nature of its effect on the signal its modulating. There are diagrams of each LFO shape in the Reference Guide; these will give you an idea of how each LFO shape affects the signal. An easy way to check the effects of the different LFO shapes is to set LFO1 as the value for the Src1 parameter on the PITCH page, and set the Depth for Src1 to 400 cents or so. Then go to the LFO page, set the Min and Max rates for LFO1 at 0.00 Hz and

4.00 Hz or so, and set the Rate control to MWheel. Now play your MIDI controller and youÕll hear the LFOÕs rate change when you move its Mod Wheel. Select different LFO Shapes and check out the effect on the pitch.

LFO Phase

Use this parameter to determine the starting point of the LFOÕs cycle. One complete cycle of the LFO is 360 degrees. 0 degrees phase corresponds to a control signal value of 0, becoming positive. Each 90-degree increment in the phase represents a quarter-cycle of the LFO.

When an LFO is local, the phase parameter gives you control over the starting point of the LFO for each note (for example, you could make sure every vibrato started below the pitch you played instead of at the pitch you played). The LFOÕs phase also affects global LFOs, although itÕs often indistinguishable, since global LFOs start running as soon as the program containing them is selected, even if you donÕt play any notes.

The ASR Page

ASRs are three-section unipolar envelopesÑattack, sustain, and release. The K2vxÕs ASRs can be triggered by a programmable control source, and can be delayed. ASR1 is always a local control. ASR2 is local by default, but becomes global if the Globals parameter on the COMMON page is set to On.

ASRs are frequently used to ramp the depth of pitch or amplitude in a vibrato or tremolo, enabling delays in those effects. Chapter 19 gives an example of creating a delayed vibrato.

The ASR page consists of two rows of Þve parameters, one row for each of the ASRs.

EditProg:ASR|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||Trig:||Mode:|Delay:|Attack:Releas: ASR1:|ON|||||Hold||1.00s||1.00s||1.00s|| ASR2:|ON|||||Rept||1.00s||1.00s||1.00s|| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||LFO||||ASR||||FUN||||VTRIG||more>

6-30

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES TRIGGER Control Source list

MODE Normal, Hold, Repeat

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

DELAY 0 to 60 seconds ATTACK 0 to 60 seconds RELEASE 0 to 60 seconds

Trigger

This deÞnes the control source that starts the current layerÕs ASRs. The ASR starts when the trigger switches from off to on. If the Trigger parameter is set to ON, global ASRs will run as soon as the program containing it is selected. Switch controls are better suited for ASR triggers because of their binary (on/off) nature. A continuous control will trigger the ASRs when its signal value is above its midpoint.

Mode

This parameter sets the sustain section of the ASR. The ASRÕs mode determines what the ASR does when it Þnishes its attack section.

If the Mode parameter is set to Normal, the ASR will run directly from its attack section to its release section (no sustain). At a setting of Repeat, the ASR will cycle through the attack and release sections, then loop forward and cycle through again until the ASRÕs trigger switches off. If the mode is set to Hold, the ASR maintains its position at the end of the attack section until the ASRÕs trigger switches off. The ASR then goes into its release section.

If the ASRÕs trigger switches off before the attack section is complete, the ASR goes directly to its release section.

Delay

When the ASRÕs trigger switches on, the ASR will start immediately if this parameter is set to zero. Non-zero values will cause a corresponding delay between the ASR trigger and the start of the ASR.

Attack

This deÞnes how long the ASR takes to ramp up from minimum to maximum effect on whatever itÕs patched to.

Release

This deÞnes how long the ASR takes to fade to minimum from its maximum. If the ASRÕs trigger switches off before the ASR has reached maximum, the ASR releases from that level.

The FUN Page

ÒFUNÓ is short for Òfunction.Ó The K2vxÕs four FUNs greatly extend the ßexibility of the control sources. Each FUN accepts input from any two control sources, performs a selectable function on the two input signals, and sends the result as its output, which can be assigned like any other control source. Using the FUNs involves deÞning them on the FUN page, then assigning one or more of them as control sources. The FUN page looks like this:

EditProg:FUN|||||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||Input|a:|Input|b:|Function:||||||| FUN1:|OFF||||||OFF||||||a+b||||||||||||| FUN2:|OFF||||||OFF||||||a-b||||||||||||| FUN3:|OFF||||||OFF||||||(a+b)/2||||||||| FUN4:|OFF||||||OFF||||||a/2+b||||||||||| <more||LFO||||ASR||||FUN||||VTRIG||more>

6-31

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

There are three parameters for each FUN. Inputs a and b can be any control source from the Control Source list. The control sources you want to combine are the ones youÕll assign as the values for these parameters.

The Function parameter determines what mathematical function is applied to the two inputs. When a FUN has been assigned as a control source, the K2vx reads the values of the two control sources deÞned as Inputs a and b. It then processes them according to the setting for the Function parameter, and the resulting value is the FUNÕs output.

Chapter 16 describes each of these functions, and provides a few diagrams to give you a hint of the immense control (as well as some chaos) that these functions make possible.

The VTRIG Page

The velocity triggers base their operation on the attack velocity of each note you play. To use a VTRIG, you simply set its velocity level (threshold), then set it to switch on or off when your attack velocities exceed that threshold. Then assign it as a control source for some other parameter. TheyÕre handy for triggering ASRs, for example.

EditProg:VTRIG|||||||||||||<>Layer:1/1||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| VTrig1|Level:ppp|||||||||||||||||||||||| VTrig1|Sense:Norm||||||||||||||||||||||| VTrig2|Level:ppp|||||||||||||||||||||||| VTrig2|Sense:Norm||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| <more||LFO||||ASR||||FUN||||VTRIG||more>

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT VEL. TRIGGER LEVEL ppp to fff ppp

VEL. TRIGGER SENSE Normal, Reversed Normal

The velocity triggerÕs level is expressed in terms of the standard dynamic markings of western musicÑppp, pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff, and fff. The K2vx converts each attack velocity value it receives into one of these eight levels. When a velocity trigger has been assigned as a control source, the K2vx compares the velocity triggerÕs level and sense with the attack velocity values it receives. If the sense is Normal and the attack velocity value is greater than the velocity triggerÕs level, the trigger switches on. When the velocity triggerÕs sense is reversed, the trigger switches on when the attack velocities it receives are lower than the velocity triggerÕs level. Keep in mind that you wonÕt hear the effect of editing the VTRIG page until youÕve assigned a VTRIG as a control source for some other parameter.

The Function Soft Buttons

The remainder of this chapter describes the soft buttons that perform speciÞc functions, as opposed to selecting programming pages. The descriptions below are arranged in the order in which you would see the soft buttons if you pressed the more> button repeatedly. You can always get to these buttons, regardless of which page is currently selected.

Set Range (SetRng)

The Set Range (SetRng) soft button gives you a quick way to set the lowest and highest notes in the currently selected layer. Press this button, and the K2vx will prompt you to trigger the note you want to set as the low note for the layer. Press the Cancel soft button if you change your

6-32

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

mind. Otherwise, trigger the desired note on your MIDI controller. When you trigger a note, the K2vx prompts you to trigger the note you want to be the highest in the layer. When you trigger another note, the previously selected page returns, and the notes you triggered will be recorded as the new values for the LoKey and HiKey parameters on the LAYER page. YouÕll notice that the higher of the two notes you triggered is entered as the HiKey value, regardless of the order in which you triggered the two notes.

Name

Call up the page that enables you to change the name of the current program.

Save

Start the process of saving the current program.

Delete

Delete the current program from RAM. You can also delete any other RAM program by scrolling through the list that appears when you press the Delete soft button, then pressing Delete again when the desired program is selected. If you attempt to delete a ROM program, the K2vx will say itÕs deleting the program, but it doesnÕt actually do it.

Dump

Send a MIDI System Exclusive dump of the current programÕs settings. See the Reference Guide for more information about System Exclusive messages.

New Layer (NewLyr)

Create a new layer, numbered one above the highest existing layer. The new layerÕs parameters are those of the single layer in Program 199, called ÒDefault Program.Ó When you press this button, the K2vx will tell you that it is creating a new layer, then will return to the page you were on. The new layer becomes the current layer. If the current program already has its maximum number of layers, the K2vx will tell you that you canÕt add any more. If the current keyboard channel is a drum channel, you can add up to 31 additional layers, for a total of 32. Otherwise, the maximum is a total of three.

Program 199 makes a good template for programs that you build from the algorithm up. You might want to edit Program 199 to adjust one or more parameters to values you want to use in your template program. If you like the settings of the default layer as they are, however, remember not to make any permanent changes to Program 199.

Duplicate Layer (DupLyr)

Create a copy of the current layer, duplicating the settings of all its parameters. The copy becomes the current layer, and is numbered one higher than the original.

Import Layer (ImpLyr)

Copy a speciÞc layer from another program into the current program. This button brings up a dialog that prompts you to select a layer number and a program number. The dialog tells you the currently selected layer, and the total number of layers in the program. Use one of the two leftmost soft buttons (or the up/down cursor buttons) to change the layer number. If the current program has only one layer, pressing these buttons will have no effect. Use one of the two center soft buttons (or the left/right cursor buttons) to change the program number.

When you have selected the desired layer from the desired program, press the Import soft button, and the selected layer will be copied from the selected program, becoming the current layer. Importing layers is a convenient alternative to creating layers from scratch. If you have a favorite string sound, for example, and you want to use it in other programs, just import its

6-33

Program Mode and the Program Editor

The Program Editor—Pages

layer(s) into the program youÕre building. This will preserve the envelopes and all the control settings so you donÕt have to reprogram them.

Delete Layer (DelLyr)

Delete the current layer. When you press this button, the K2vx asks you if you want to delete the layer; press the Yes soft button to start the deletion process, or the No soft button to cancel it. This prompt prevents you from accidentally deleting a layer.

6-34

Setup Mode and the Setup Editor

Setup Mode

Chapter 7 Setup Mode and the Setup Editor

Setup Mode

Even if your MIDI controller can transmit on only one MIDI channel at a time, you can use the K2vxÕs setups by setting the Local Keyboard Channel parameter on the MIDI mode RECV page to match the channel youÕre using to transmit from your MIDI controller. This will enable you to play the setupÕs three zones, and send the MIDI information from your MIDI controller to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port, on the channels used by the current setup. See the discussion of the Local Keyboard Parameter in Chapter 10.

Selecting performance setups in Setup mode is much like selecting programs in Program modeÑjust use one of the normal data entry methods to scroll through the list of setups. Standard program changes will select the correspondingly numbered setups while the K2vx is in Setup mode (if the Local Keyboard Channel matches the transmit channel of your MIDI controller). Setups enable you to use three keyboard (MIDI controller) zones, each of which can have its own program, MIDI channel, and control assignments. You can store 100 setups in each memory bank.

SetupMode||||||Xpose:0ST||||||||||||||||

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@ ||21|Friday|Gig||||||

Chan/Program|Info| # ||22|Bop|Rock|Reggae| 1||||9| Co ol|Traps| # | ||1|Jazz|Trio||||||| 2|||18|Sly | Acoust| # |||2|All|Percussion|| 3|||22|Izit |Jimmy | # |||3|Heavy|Metal|||||

%%%%%%^%%%%%%^%%%%$ | | |4|To| Sequencer||||

Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| | View|| |||||||||||||

Enter Setup mode by pressing the Setup mode button. YouÕll see a list of setups that you can scroll through with any data entry method. Press the ÒViewÓ soft button to see the currently selected setup in large-type display. Press it again to return to the normal view. You can transpose the entire setup up or down with the two Octav soft buttons (as long as the Local Keyboard Channel matches the transmission channel of your MIDI controller). Press them simultaneously to set the transposition back to zero. When you transpose a setup, the split points between zones remain in place; each program is transposed within its respective zone.

The box at the left side of the display shows you the programs assigned to the three zones in the currently selected setup, and the MIDI channels on which theyÕre being transmitted. The lines beneath the program names represent the approximate note range of each zone, and let you know whether the three zones overlap.

When you select a setup in Setup mode, the K2vx sends Program Change commands to its MIDI Out port, on each of the MIDI channels used by the setup. The values of these Program Change commands depend on the setting you have for the PChgType parameters in MIDI mode. See ÒProgram Change FormatsÓ in Chapter 10.

7-1

Setup Mode and the Setup Editor

The Setup Editor

Press the EDIT button to enter the Setup Editor, and you can make changes to the currently selected setup. The Setup Editor page looks like this:

EditSetup||||||||||||||||||||<>Zone:1|||

Program: ||1|Grand|Piano||| |ModWhl:MWheel Channel:1|||||Mode|:Both|||FtSw1|:Sustai XPose||:0ST|||PBend:On|||||FtSw2|:SostPd LoKey||:C|0|||PChng:On|||||CPedal:Foot|| HiKey||:G|9|||FXMix:48%Wet|Slider:Data||

Effect | :1|Swe e t|Hall | 2||||| P ress|: MPress

Name|| | Save|| | Delete | Dump|| | SetRng |V:127

The upper line gives you the usual mode reminder, and shows you which zone is currently selected. Use the CHAN/BANK buttons to select different zones. Each of the three zones in a setup has its own page identical to the one shown above. Zones can overlap if you want, but they donÕt have to. If you have other MIDI devices connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI Out port, you should always use different MIDI channels for each zone. You can get to the Program Editor from the Setup editor by pressing EDIT when the Program parameter is selected. This gives you access to the other editors nested within the Program Editor, as well.

Setup Editor Parameters

The parameters on the Setup Editor page deÞne what each of a setupÕs zones sends to the MIDI Out port. They also determine how the K2vx responds to MIDI signals received from a MIDI controller connected to the K2vxÕs MIDI In port (when the Local Keyboard Channel matches the transmit channel of your MIDI controller). TheyÕre in effect only when youÕre in Setup mode, however, so although they override the corresponding parameters on the MIDI mode XMIT page, they donÕt actually change those settings. The MIDI mode settings resume control when you exit Setup mode.

Note: Only the Program, Effect, and Effects Mix parameters will function as programmed if the Local Keyboard Channel does not match the transmit channel of your MIDI controller. When they are set to the same channel, the remaining parameters will take effect as well.

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES PROGRAM Program list

CHANNEL Off, 1 to 16 TRANSPOSE LOW KEY C –1 to G 9 HIGH KEY C –1 to G 9 EFFECT Preset Effects list EFFECTS MIX 0 to 100% wet MODE Off, Both, MIDI, Local PITCH BEND Off, On PROGRAM CHANGE Off, On MOD WHEEL MIDI Control Source list FOOT SWITCH 1 MIDI Control Source list FOOT SWITCH 2 MIDI Control Source list CONTROL PEDAL MIDI Control Source list CONTROL SLIDER MIDI Control Source list MONO PRESSURE MIDI Control Source list V Off, 1-127

60 semitones

7-2

Setup Mode and the Setup Editor

The Setup Editor

Program

The Program parameter selects the program for the currently displayed zone. This determines the program change number that will be sent on that zoneÕs MIDI channel when the setup is selected (if the Program Change parameter is set to On). See ÒProgram Change FormatsÓ in Chapter 10 for a full explanation of the K2vxÕs program change methods.

Channel

The Channel parameter deÞnes the MIDI transmit channel for the currently selected zone. It can be set to a value of Off, to disable the zone, or it can be set to any of the 16 MIDI channels. The most important thing to remember about setups is that each zone must be on a separate channel. This is because you can only have one program on a channel at a time. The only exception to this would be if you wanted the same program in more than one zone. For example, you could take a program and assign it to two zones, then transpose one zone up an octave, allowing you to play two octaves of the same sound. In general, though, you'll be using different programs for each zone.

Transpose (Xpose)

This deÞnes the amount of transposition sent by the currently selected zone. This will affect both the K2vx and MIDI devices receiving from the K2vx.

Low Key (LoKey), High Key (HiKey)

The LoKey and HiKey parameters deÞne the note range of the currently selected zone. The easiest way to change these values is to press the SetRng soft button. YouÕll be prompted to trigger the notes (low note Þrst) you want to be the lowest and highest notes for the zone. When you do, youÕll return to the Setup Editor page, and the notes you triggered will be reßected in the vales for LoKey and HiKey. TheyÕll also be represented by the lines beneath the program names in the box at the left of the Setup mode page. You can set these values with normal data entry methods as well.

Effect

This tells the global effects processor which effect to use for the current setup. The values available for this parameter are the 47 factory preset effects, and any that you program yourself. ItÕs not possible to use more than one preset effect per setup (the effects processor can apply only one preset effect at a time, even though that preset can combine up to four digital effects). Changing the effect for one zone will change it for all zones. It also may change the value of the FX Mode parameter in Effects Mode to Auto (if it isnÕt set to Auto already). This enables the effect to be selected automatically when a program or setup is selected, regardless of the operating mode at the time.

Effects Mix (FXMix)

The FXMix parameter lets you set the level of effect from 0% (no effect) to 100% (maximum). This also affects all three zones. Remember that the programs in the setup must have their audio output groups set to A (either on the OUTPUT page in the Program Editor or on the CHANLS page in MIDI mode), and you must use the MIX audio outputs if you want effects applied to the programs.

Mode

This determines whether the currently selected zone affects only the K2vx (Local), gets sent only via MIDI (MIDI), controls both the K2vx and connected MIDI instruments (Both), or is disabled (Off). If the values you set for the other control parameters on this page donÕt seem to be doing what you expect, check the Mode parameter to make sure the information is being sent where you think it is.

7-3

Setup Mode and the Setup Editor

The Setup Editor

Pitch Bend (PBend)

The Pitch Bend parameter determines whether the currently selected zone of the currently selected setup will receive the Pitch Bend message when your MIDI controllerÕs Pitch Wheel is moved. This lets you use Pitch bend with some zones and not from others. Choose On to enable the Pitch Wheel message in the current zone, or Off to disable it. This parameter is relevant only if the Local Keyboard Channel parameter on the RECV page in MIDI mode is set to match the MIDI channel youÕre using to transmit from your MIDI controller.

Program Change (PChng)

This enables or disables program change commands sent to the MIDI Out port when you select setups from the K2vxÕs front panel or from your MIDI controller when the K2vx is in Quick Access mode. If itÕs set to On, then the program numbers for the programs in the three zones will be sent via MIDI when a setup is selected. When this parameter is set to Off, you can select a setup to play on the K2vx, without changing the programs on MIDI devices receiving from the K2vx.

Volume (V)

This parameter enables you to control the initial MIDI volume setting for each zone of the current setup. When you call up a setup in Setup mode, the K2vx sends a MIDI volume control signal on the each of the setupÕs MIDI channels. This sets the starting volume level for each zone. Subsequent MIDI volume control signals sent to the setupÕs MIDI channels will affect the volume normally. The Setting of the "V"parameter on the MIDI mode XMIT page (see page 10-

4) determines whether or not this parameter will have any effect.

The Remaining Parameters

A long list of values (the Control Source list) is available for each of the remaining six parameters, which determine two things: how the K2vx responds to Mod Wheel, switch pedal, continuous control pedal, data slider and mono pressure messages from your MIDI controller, and how the K2vx remaps these messages to send to its own MIDI Out port. (See the discussion of the Local Keyboard Channel parameter in Chapter 10.) Each zoneÕs assignments are independent; you can assign a given control in one zone and not the others. While you remain in Setup mode, the values you set for these parameters will override the conÞguration of the XMIT page in MIDI mode.

The Setup Editor’s Soft Buttons

There are three soft buttonsÑName, Save, and DeleteÑfor basic library functions, and one for dumping the whole setup as a MIDI System Exclusive message. The Set Range (SetRng) soft button gives you a quick way to set the values for the LoKey and HiKey parameters for the currently selected zone. Press this button, and the K2vx will prompt you to trigger the low note. Press the Cancel soft button if you change your mind. Otherwise, trigger the note you want to be the lowest in the current zone. When you trigger a note, the K2vx prompts you to trigger the note to be the highest in the zone. When you trigger another note, the Setup Editor page returns, and the notes you triggered will be recorded as the new values for the LoKey and HiKey parameters. YouÕll notice that the higher of the two notes you triggered is entered as the HiKey value, regardless of the order in which you triggered the two notes.

It’s Not Just for Editing Anymore

You might think that the Setup Editor is intended strictly for programming setups between gigs or sessions. But itÕs convenient in performance situations, as well. All of the K2vxÕs performance features function normally while the Setup Editor is active. You can make quick changes to the current setupÑchoose a different lead sound, for example, or switch one zone to a different MIDI channel to control one of the rack-mount synths at the studio. You can save your changes if you want, or you can exit the Setup Editor without saving to restore your original setups.

7-4

Quick Access Mode and the Quick Access Editor

Chapter 8 Quick Access Mode and the Quick Access Editor

In Quick Access mode, you can select programs or setups with a single press of an alphanumeric button (or with the other data entry methods). For example, in the illustration below, you would simply press "5" on the alphanumeric pad to choose "FM Harmonica,". Notice that your selection becomes highlighted in the list, as well as appearing on the line just above the soft button labels.

QuickAccessMode|||<>Bank:1|For|Show|2|||

Stage|Piano||| Marimba|||||| |Voice+String Honky-Tonk|||| FM|Harmonica| |ElvisTheDog| Memorymoog|4||Jazz|Trio|2|||Fretless|Bas ||||||||||||||Velveteen|||||||||||||||||

||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

|Xpose:0ST|||FM|Harmonica|||||||Chan:1|| Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| | View|| | Chan-| | Chan+

Using Quick Access mode involves selecting Quick Access banks from the list of factory preset or user-programmed banks. This can be done by using the bank selection shortcut: press the +/

- or CLEAR button on the alphanumeric pad, and youÕll be prompted to enter a bank number. Type the desired number on the alphanumeric pad, then press ENTER. The bank will be selected, and youÕll return to the Quick Access page. Or use the CHAN/BANK buttons to scroll through the QA banks.

Each bank contains ten memory slots, or entries, where you can store programs or setups in any combination. Any program or setup in the currently selected bank can be selected with the numeric buttons 0 through 9.

The ROM (factory preset) QA banks are organized into useful groupings of sounds that we think youÕll Þnd convenient.

You can store 20 Quick Access banks in each memory bank (except the Zeros bank, which can store 75). See ÒStoring Objects in Memory BanksÓ in Chapter 2 of the Reference Guide for a breakdown of the Quick Access bank IDs that belong in each memory bank. Press both CHAN/BANK buttons simultaneously to quickly move between memory banks.

The MIDI Program Change commands that the K2vx sends when in Quick Access mode can differ from those in Program or Setup mode. This depends on the setting you have for the PChgType parameter in MIDI mode. If the setting is ÒExtendedÓ or ÒKurzweil,Ó the Program Change commands sent are the same as in Program or Setup mode. If the setting is ÒQA ExtendedÓ or QA Kurzweil,Ó the K2vx will send Program Change commands that correspond to the current Quick Access bank and the entry you select, not the actual program number of the entry. See ÒProgram Change FormatsÓ in Chapter 10.

8-1

Quick Access Mode and the Quick Access Editor

Everything you need to know about using Quick Access mode for performance is covered in Chapter 2, in the section called ÒPlaying the Presets,Ó so weÕll move on to the Quick Access Editor, which youÕll use to create your own Quick Access banks.

The Þrst step in editing Quick Access banks is to select Quick Access mode. Use the CHAN/ BANK buttons to select the bank you wish to edit. The currently selected bank is shown in the top line of the Quick Access mode page. Press the EDIT button, and youÕll enter the editor, where you can examine each entry in the bank you selected. The Quick Access Editor page looks like this:

EditQuickAccess||||||||||||||<>Entry:9||

||||||||||||||||||||198|Blues|in|CMOS||| Entry:||Type:|||||||1 99|Default|Program| 9|||||||Program|||||| |1|Righteous|Piano| ||||||||||||||||||||||2|Mondo|Bass|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||3|Killer|Drums||||

|||||| | |||||| | |||||| | |4|Elv is|Again|||||

Name|| | Save|| | Delete | Dump|| |||||||||||||

The top line gives you the usual mode reminder, and shows you which of the ten entries youÕre looking at. The cursor is highlighting the object (program or setup) thatÕs stored in that entry.

The easiest way to edit the bank is to use the CHAN/BANK buttons to scroll through the ten entries. The entry number will change both at the top of the page, and at the left of the page. As the entry number changes, the highlighted objects at the center of the page will change as well, showing you whatÕs stored in each entry. On the page above, for example, entry 9 is the current entry. The Type parameter tells you that the object stored at entry 9 is a program. The cursor highlights the programÕs ID and name.

In this example, you could select a different program with your favorite data entry method. If you wanted to store a setup in that entry instead of a program, you would move the cursor to the Type parameter and change its value to Setup. The list of objects would change from the program list to the setup list, and you could move the cursor back to the setup list and select another setup. When you select the Entry or Type parameter, the list of objects at the right disappears, leaving only the currently selected object. This makes it easier to see when itÕs not highlighted by the cursor.

When youÕve Þlled each entry with the object you want, press the Name soft button if you want to rename the bank, or press the Save soft button to begin the save procedure. Press the Dump soft button to dump the bank via MIDI System Exclusive.

8-2

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

The Effects Mode Page

Chapter 9 Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

The K2vxÕs global effects processor operates much like an outboard MIDI effects box. You can route your sounds through the processor or bypass it, and you can edit its preset effects from the K2vxÕs front panel. It responds to MIDI programming commands, and you can program control sources to get realtime control over the Wet/Dry mix and two parameters that vary from preset to preset (this is done on the EFFECT page in the Program Editor). You can store ten preset effects in each memory bank (except the Zeros bank, which holds 37). See ÒStoring Objects in Memory BanksÓ in the Reference Guide for a breakdown of the preset effects ID that belong in each memory bank.

Note: the K2vxÕs effects processor is mono, not stereo, so keep in mind that if you pan any layers, only the dry portion of the sound (the part without effects) will be panned; the wet portion will remain unchanged.

The Effects Mode Page

Every K2vx program and setup can be assigned a different preset effect. There are 47 factory preset effects stored in ROM. You can use the Effects Editor to create your own effects, selecting from 27 conÞgurations of effects typesÑlike chorus, ßange, delay, etc. Preset effects are applied to the MIX outputs (and to the headphone jack) when the currently selected program (or the program on the FX Channel) is routed to Output Group A.

There are three purposes for Effects mode. The primary purpose is to deÞne the behavior of the global effects processor, instructing the K2vx how to select preset effects when you select programs or setups. The other two purposes are explained below. Press the Effects mode button to enter Effects mode. YouÕll see the Effects mode entry level page, as shown below. The top line of the page, as usual, reminds you of your current location, and indicates the amount of transposition and the current MIDI channel.

EffectsMode||||Xpose:0ST|||<>Channel:1||

|||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||| Effect|: 1|Sweet|Hall|2||||||| ||||||||||| Wet/Dry:50%|Wet||||||||||||||||||||||||| FX|Mode:Auto|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| FX|Chan:Current|||||||||||||||||||||||||

|||||| | |||||| | |||||| |||||||| |||||| | |||||

Octav- | Octav+ | Panic| |||||||| Chan-| | Chan+

The Soft Buttons on the Effects mode Page

The Octav- and Octav+ soft buttons let you change the MIDI transposition in increments of one octave. The Panic soft button sends All Notes Off and All Controllers Off to the K2vx and on all 16 MIDI channels. The Chan- and Chan+ soft buttons change the current MIDI channel.

9-1

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Effects Mode Parameters

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT EFFECT Preset Effect list 1 Sweet Hall

WET/DRY 0 to 100% Wet 50% FX MODE Auto, Master, Program, Setup Auto FX CHANNEL None, Current, 1 to 16 Current

Effect

This indicates the preset effect thatÕs selected while youÕre in Effects mode. By changing the value of this parameter, you can view and listen to the various preset effects without changing the preset effect for any of the programs or setups. If the FX Mode parameter (explained below) is set to a value of Auto (its default value), then when you enter Effects mode, the value of the Effect parameter automatically changes to match the effect assigned to the most recently selected program or setup. If FX Mode is set to Master, Program, or Setup, the Effect parameter is not automatically updated, so the effect you hear when you enter Effects mode may not be the same as the one assigned to the program or setup you were listening to before you entered Effects mode. ThereÕs a list of the factory preset effects in the

Reference Guide .

Wet/Dry

This gives you the mix level of the currently selected preset effect. Use one of the data entry methods to adjust the effects mix. 0% removes the effect entirely, while 100% removes all of the dry (unaffected) sound, so that you hear only the wet sound (sound with effect). Your best results will usually come from settings near 50%.

If youÕre using a stereo insert cable in one or both of the Group A outputs to create a loop to an outboard effects processor, you can bring the effects from the outboard unit into the K2vx and out the MIX outputs. If you want to use only the outboard effects, the easiest way to defeat the K2vxÕs effects is to set the Wet/Dry mix to 0%, and the FX Mode to Master. You could also go to the CHANLS page in MIDI mode, and set the OutPair parameter to a value of B(DRY), C(DRY), or D(DRY) for one or more channels. Any program assigned to these MIDI channels will then be routed to Output Group B, C, or D, and will appear at the MIX outputs without going through the effects processor.

Understanding FX Mode and FX Channel

FX Mode and FX Channel are important to understand because they determine how the effects processor is controlled.

The K2vxÕs effects work as a single effects processor. You can combine different effects together, but you can't split them up between programs or channels. In other words, whichever effect you pick is going to affect all of the programs - you can't have reverb for one program and delay on another.

The FX Mode parameter lets you choose what will control the effects processor. The default value is Auto. This means that the current mode is controlling the effects. Each program and setup has an effect assigned to it. So if you go to Program mode and call up a program, the effect assigned to the program on the effects page in the Program editor will be called up. For example, if you go to Program mode, choose program 1, Acoustic Piano and then go back to the Effects mode, you will see that the effect is Small Hall. If you go back to Program Mode, call up program 2, Stage Piano, and go back to Effects, you will see Medium. Setups function similarly.

9-2

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Effects Mode Parameters

The FX Mode parameter works in conjunction with the FX Channel parameter. The default value for this is Current. This means that the program assigned to the MIDI channel currently in the display is in control of the effects. But you can also set this to a speciÞc channel. For example, you could set it so that the Program on Channel 1 is in control of the effects.

As we mentioned, in Auto, either a Program or a Setup can be in control, depending on which mode you are in. You can also set this param to Setup or Program only. The Þnal value is Master. When set to Master, the effect that you call up on this page will be the one you hear, no matter what program you call up. In this situation, the FX channel becomes the channel you would use to send program changes on to call up effects. You can also use this channel to send controllers to alter parameters in real time.

Using Effects in Song Mode

If you are using the K2vx's sequencer, you have a couple of additional options. If you set FX Mode to Master, you can choose your effect on the Effects page and it will remain at that setting. If you put it in Auto, then you will have use of the Effect Channel parameter which is found on the Edit Common page of the song. In this case, the program on the Effect Channel will be controlling the effects. See page 12-26 for information on the EffectChan parameter.

FX Mode

The FX Mode parameter determines how preset effects will be selected when you change programs or setups. Refer to "Understanding FX Mode and FX Channel", above, for more information.

The four possible values for FX Mode are explained below.

Master : The preset effect displayed on the Effects mode page will be applied to every program

or setup you select, and wonÕt change unless you change it in Effects mode. Use this value when you want to use the same preset effect for every program or setup you select, for example, when recording multi-timbrally. This is also the setting youÕll use when you want to be able to use external MIDI to control the K2vxÕs effects in realtime. See the discussion of FX Channel below.

Program : When you select a program on the FX channel (explained below), the K2vx will select

the preset effect thatÕs assigned to that program. The programÕs preset effect is assigned with the Effects Preset parameter on the EFFECT page in the Program Editor. Set FX Mode to Program when you want the preset effect to change every time you select a program on the FX channel. If the value is set to Program, then while youÕre in Effects mode, the preset effect you hear will be the effect assigned to the program on the FX channel, not the one you see displayed. If you select a program on a channel other than the FX channel, the preset effect will not change. If the value of the FX Channel parameter is ÒCurrent,Ó then the FX channel always matches the current MIDI channel, and the preset effect will change according to any program you select.

If the value is set to Program and you enter Setup mode, the K2vx uses the preset effect thatÕs assigned to the program on the FX Channel (explained below). Therefore, the effect will change only if you select a setup containing a program assigned to the FX Channel.

Setup : When you select a setup, the K2vx will select the preset effect thatÕs assigned to that

setup. The setup preset effect is assigned with the Effect parameter in the Setup Editor. Set FX Mode to Setup when you want the preset effect to change every time you select a setup. The preset effect you hear while in Effects mode will be the effect assigned to the current setup, not the one you see displayed. If you enter Program mode, the effect will not change when you select programs.

9-3

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Effects Mode Parameters

Auto : At this setting, the FX mode automatically matches the K2vxÕs operating mode. Selecting

a program will select the effect assigned to that program. Selecting a setup will select the effect assigned to that setup. When you enter Effects mode, the value of the Effect parameter is automatically updated to match the effect assigned to the most recently selected program or setup, so when you enter Effects mode, the effect you hear will be the one you were just listening to.

This setting is especially useful if youÕre using Quick Access mode, and you have programs and setups loaded into your Quick Access banks. A setting of Auto will ensure that the desired effects are selected when you select a program or setup. In Song mode, a setting of Auto lets you use the Effect Channel parameter on the Edit Common page of the song. In this case, the program on the Effect Channel will be controlling the effects. See page 12-26 for information on the EffectChan parameter.

YouÕll normally leave the FX mode set to Auto, and use the other settings when you want to override the automatic selection of preset effects.

If youÕve set the FX Mode parameter to a value of other than Auto, and you change the preset effect in the Program or Setup Editor, the value of the FX mode may revert to Auto. This will happen a) when FX Mode is set to Setup and you change the preset effect in the Program Editor; b) when FX mode is set to Program and you change the preset effect in the Setup Editor, and c) when FX Mode is set to Master and you change the preset effect in Setup Editor. This ensures that if you change the preset effect in either Program or Setup mode, youÕll be able to hear the change.

either the Program or

FX Channel

This parameter is closely tied to the FX Mode parameter, and exists to help the K2vx decide which preset effect to select. Refer to "Understanding FX Mode and FX Channel", above, for more information.

When you select a program or setup, the K2vx checks the value of the FX Channel parameter. It then selects the preset effect thatÕs assigned to the program on that channel. The value of the FX Mode parameter determines the range of values for the FX Channel parameter. WeÕll discuss these values in terms of each of the values for the FX Mode parameter.

FX Mode = Auto: In this case, the preset effect is automatically selected for each program or setup you select. In Setup mode, the FX channel is irrelevant. In Program mode, the FX channel deÞnes the one MIDI channel on which program changes will change the preset effect. This can be set to any of the 16 MIDI channels, or to a value of Current, which means that the FX Channel always matches the current MIDI channel as set in Program mode. When youÕre in Program mode and you want the preset effect to change whenever you change programs from the K2vxÕs front panel, use a value of Current.

If the value for FX Mode is Auto, and the value for FX Channel is Current, then when youÕre in Song modeÑor you move to another mode during song playbackÑthe channel indicated by the EffectChan parameter on the Edit Song:COMMON page controls the selection of effects. This prevents the effects from changing if you change MIDI channels during song playback. When you exit Song modeÑand youÕre not recording or playing back a songÑthe currently selected program or setup will regain control over the selection of effects. See page 12-26 for information on the EffectChan parameter.

FX Mode = Master: At this setting the preset effect doesnÕt change when you select programs or setups, so the FX Channel isnÕt needed for preset effect selection. When the FX mode is set to Master, the FX channel parameter selects the MIDI channel for realtime effects control via MIDI. Choose a value of 1Ð16 to specify the channel on which the K2vx will accept incoming MIDI control signals and apply them to the realtime effects parameters (explained later in this chapter). Choose a value of None to disable external MIDI effects control.

9-4

FX Mode = Program: In this case, the available values for the FX Channel parameter are Current, and 1Ð16. Here, the default value of Current is your most likely choice, since preset effect selection and realtime control messages will be tied to the current MIDI channel. Set a value of 1Ð16 when you want to be able to change programs on the current MIDI channel without changing the preset effect.

FX Mode = Setup: At this setting, the preset effect is determined by the value for the Effect parameter on the Setup Editor page, so the FX Channel parameter is irrelevant, and the only available value is None. Realtime effects are disabled in Setup mode, since thereÕs no way to determine which program should generate the control source signals assigned to control the realtime effects.

Another Use for Effects Mode

As we mentioned, the main purpose of Effects mode is to tell the K2vx how to select preset effects when you select programs or setupsÑbut thereÕs another convenient use as well.

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

The Effects Editor

Global Preset Effect

If you set the FX Mode to Master, the effects assignments for programs and setups are overridden. The Effect parameter becomes global. Even when you exit Effects mode and select programs and setups, the preset effect remains unchanged. This is an easy way to hear a particular effect applied to several different programsÑwithout editing the programs themselves. YouÕll use this when youÕre playing or recording a multi-timbral sequence and you want to apply a certain effect to every sound.

Setting the FX Mode to Master tells the K2vx to ignore the preset effects settings at the program and setup level. If at some later point you go to Program or Setup mode and change one of the preset effect settings there, the K2vx will assume that the newly selected preset effect is the one you want to use. The value of FX Mode will automatically revert to Auto, so that the newly selected effect can be applied to the program or setup youÕre editing. This defeats the override, and from that point on, selecting a program or setup will select the preset effect assigned to that program or setup. If you still want the override to apply, return to Effects mode and reset the FX Mode parameter to Master.

The Effects Editor

There are three ways to reach the Effects Editor. One is to select Effects Mode, select the effect you wish to edit, then press EDIT. You also can get there from the EFFECT page in the Program Editor, simply by pressing EDIT. If youÕre in Setup mode, enter the Setup Editor by pressing EDIT, then select the Program parameter and press EDIT again. YouÕre now in the Program Editor, where you can select the EFFECT page, and press EDIT to enter the Effects Editor. In any case, youÕll see a page that looks something like this:

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Ultimate|Reverb|

|||||||||| |||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||| DecayTime: 1.0s |EarlyDly:1ms|Dry|Level:0| Room|Vol|:0.8||EarlyDff:5|||Early|Lvl:8| HFDamping||:8||LaterDly:9ms|Later|Lvl:0| Envelpmnt:0||||LaterDff:0|||||||||||||||

|||||| | |||||| | |||||| | |||||| |||||||||||||

Name|| | Save|| | Delete | Dump|| |||||||||||||

9-5

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

The Effects Editor

The top line tells you that youÕre in the Effects Editor, and identiÞes the conÞguration (explained below) of the currently selected preset effect. The bottom line labels the active soft buttons. The parameters you see depend on the currently selected conÞguration.

The Name, Save, and Delete soft buttons handle the basic library functions for user-deÞned effects, and the Dump soft button initiates a System Exclusive dump of the current effectÕs settings.

Editing Effects

The K2vx interacts with the global effects processor as if it were a separate multi-effects unit thatÕs been mounted internally. There are 47 factory preset effects, and room for you to store 80 of your own preset effects. Like any other K2vx object, the preset effects are edited by selecting parameters and changing their values.

Each factory preset effectÑas well as any preset effects you create yourselfÑuses one of 27 available conÞgurations. The conÞgurations are simply different sets of familiar programmable effects generators, the kind youÕd Þnd on any outboard effects unitÑreverb, chorus, parametric and graphic EQ, delay, and mixers. Various combinations of these effects generators make up the conÞgurations.

When you enter the Effects Editor, the conÞguration for the currently selected preset effect is shown on the top line of the display. If you want to tweak a preset effect slightly, simply adjust the values for one or more of the parameters on the page. You can then name and save the new effect, either ÒreplacingÓ the ROM preset or saving to a RAM location by giving it an unused ID. If you ÒreplaceÓ a ROM effect with one of your own, deleting your effect will restore the ROM effect.

Use the CHAN/BANK buttons to change the conÞguration to be used by the currently selected preset effect. YouÕll want to do this only when youÕre creating new effects that differ in type from the current effect, since changing the conÞguration can drastically change the nature of the effect.

9-6

Conﬁgurations and Parameters

The conÞgurations deÞne various types and combinations of effectsÑreverb, delay, EQ, etc. This section shows you the pages corresponding to each of the conÞgurations. HereÕs the entire list:

DRY STEREO CHORUS STEREO FLANGE STEREO DELAY 4-TAP DELAY ULTIMATE REVERB ROOM SIMULATOR GATED REVERB REVERSE REVERB PARAMETRIC EQ GRAPHIC EQ PARAMETRIC EQ+DELAY+MIXER PARAMETRIC EQ+CHORUS+MIXER CHORUS+ROOM+MIXER DELAY+ROOM+MIXER CHORUS+HALL+MIXER DELAY+HALL+MIXER EQ+GATED REVERB+MIXER EQ+REVERSE REVERB+MIXER PARAMETRIC EQ+CHORUS+DELAY+MIXER PARAMETRIC EQ+FLANGE+DELAY+MIXER CHORUS +DELAY+ROOM+MIXER FLANGE+DELAY+ROOM+MIXER CHORUS+DELAY+HALL+MIXER FLANGE+DELAY+HALL+MIXER EQ+CHORUS+4-TAP-DELAY+MIXER EQ+FLANGE+4-TAP DELAY+MIXER

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Dry

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Dry|||||||||||||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

Use this conÞguration if you want a particular program or setup to play through the MIX outputs without effects, even though itÕs routed to Output Group A.

9-7

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Stereo Chorus

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Stereo|Chorus|||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Chr|Delay:0ms|||||||Dry|Level:0||||||||| LFO|Speed:8|||||||||Right|Lvl:10|||||||| LFO|Depth:45||||||||Left|Lvl|:10|||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES CHORUS DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds

LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

Stereo Flange

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Stereo|Flange|||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| FlngDelay:1ms|||||||Dry|Level:0||||||||| LFO|Speed:3|||||||||Right|Lvl:10|||||||| LFO|Depth:63||||||||Left|Lvl|:10|||||||| Feedback|:80%||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES FLANGE DELAY 10 milliseconds

LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

9-8

Stereo Delay

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Stereo|Delay||||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| DelayTime:135ms|||||Dry|Level:0||||||||| Feedback|:30%|||||||Right|Lvl:10|||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Left|Lvl|:10|||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DELAY TIME 0 to 750 milliseconds

FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

4-Tap Delay

EditEffect|||||<>Config:4-Tap|Delay|||||

Tap1Delay:345ms|||||Dry|Level:0||||||||| Tap2Delay:660ms|||||Tap1Lvl|R:9|||L:0||| Tap3Delay:355ms|||||Tap2Lvl|R:0|||L:9||| Tap4Delay:680ms|||||Tap3Lvl|R:6|||L:3||| FeedDelay:680ms|||||Tap4Lvl|R:3|||L:6||| FeedBack|:20%||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES TAP 1—4 DELAY 0 to 1500 milliseconds

FEEDBACK DELAY 0 to 1500 milliseconds FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 TAP LEVEL 1—4 RIGHT 0 to 10 TAP LEVEL 1—4 LEFT 0 to 10

9-9

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Ultimate Reverb

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Ultimate|Reverb|

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| DecayTime:1.0s|EarlyDly:0ms|Dry|Level:0| Room|Vol|:0.9||EarlyDff:3|||Early|Lvl:7| HFDamping:2||||LaterDly:0ms|Later|Lvl:7| Envelpmnt:9||||LaterDff:6||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DECAY TIME 1 to 99 seconds

ROOM VOLUME 0.0 to 0.9 HIGH-FREQUENCY DAMPING 0 to 9 ENVELOPMENT 0 to 9 EARLY DELAY 0 to 70 milliseconds EARLY DIFFUSION 0 to 9 LATER DELAY 0 to 70 milliseconds LATER DIFFUSION 0 to 9 DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 EARLY LEVEL 0 to 10 LATER LEVEL 0 to 10

Room Simulator

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Room|Simulator||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| GrossSize:Studio||||Dry|Level:9||||||||| DecayTime:2.80s|||||Rev|Level:6||||||||| ListenPos:Front||||||||||||||||||||||||| HFDamping:5||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES GROSS SIZE Studio, Chamber, Club, Hall, Arena

DECAY TIME 0.7 to 23.8 seconds LISTENING POSITION Front, Middle, Back HIGH-FREQUENCY DAMPING 0 to 9 DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL 0 to 10

9-10

Gated Reverb

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Gated|Reverb||||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Pre-Delay:0ms|||||||Dry|Level:10|||||||| Envelope|:Flat||||||AccentLvl:0||||||||| DecayTime:250ms|||||Right|Lvl:10|||||||| AccentDly:0ms|||||||Left|Lvl|:10|||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES PRE-DELAY 0 to 80 milliseconds

ENVELOPE Flat, Decaying DECAY TIME 50 to 600 milliseconds ACCENT DELAY ±50 milliseconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 ACCENT LEVEL 0 to 10 RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

Reverse Reverb

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Reverse|Reverb||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Pre-Delay:45ms||||||Dry|Level:0||||||||| Rev|Time|:550ms|||||AccentLvl:3||||||||| AccentDly:50ms||||||Right|Lvl:10|||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Left|Lvl|:10|||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES PRE-DELAY 0 to 80 milliseconds

REVERB TIME 50 to 600 milliseconds ACCENT DELAY ±50 milliseconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 ACCENT LEVEL 0 to 10 RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

9-11

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Parametric EQ

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Parametric|EQ|||

Band1|Frq:0.10KHz||||||||||||||||||||||| Band1|Lvl:-12dB|||||EQ|Level|:9||||||||| Band2|Frq:0.80KHz||||||||||||||||||||||| Band2|Lvl:6dB||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Band3|Frq:0.48KHz||||||||||||||||||||||| Band3|Lvl:6dB||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES BAND 1 FREQUENCY 0.1 to 12.60 KHz (cycles per second)

BAND 1 LEVEL ±12 DB BAND 2—3 FREQUENCY 0.1 to 12.80 KHz BAND 2—3 LEVEL ±12 DB EQ LEVEL 0 to 10

Graphic EQ

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Graphic|EQ||||||

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||63:|125:250:500:1k:|2k:|4k:|8k:|16k:|| ||4dB|4dB|2dB|0dB|-2d|2dB|4dB|10d|8dB||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES ALL (Frequency in Hz) ±12 dB in 2dB increments

9-12

Parametric EQ, Delay, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Para+Delay+Mixer

Band1Frq:0.10K|||||||||||||||||||||||||| Band1Lvl:-12dB|DelaySrc:EQ|||Dry|Lvl|:6| Band2Frq:0.10K|DlyInLvl:9||||EQ|Lvl||:0| Band2Lvl:-12dB|DlyTime|:0ms||DlyR|Lvl:0| Band3Frq:0.10K|Feedback:60%||DlyL|Lvl:0| Band3Lvl:0dB|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES BAND 1 FREQUENCY 0.10 to 12.60 KHz

BAND 1 LEVEL ±12 dB BAND 2—3 FREQUENCY 0.10 to 12.80 KHz BAND 2—3 LEVEL ±12 dB DELAY SOURCE EQ, Dry DELAY IN LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY TIME 0 to 1500 milliseconds FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 EQ LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Parametric EQ, Chorus, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Para+Chorus+Mix|

Band1Frq:9.05K|||||||||||||||||||||||||| Band1Lvl:10dB||ChorSrc|:Dry||Dry|Lvl|:9| Band2Frq:10.00|ChorDly|:10ms|EQ|Lvl||:9| Band2Lvl:10dB||LFOSpeed:0||||ChrR|Lvl:9| Band3Frq:0.10K|LFODepth:10|||ChrL|Lvl:9| Band3Lvl:10dB||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES BAND 1 FREQUENCY 0.10 to 12.60 KHz

BAND 1 LEVEL ±12 dB BAND 2—3 FREQUENCY 0.10—12.80 KHz BAND 2—3 LEVEL ±12 dB CHORUS SOURCE EQ, Dry CHORUS DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 EQ LEVEL 0 to 10 CHORUS RIGHT—LEFT LEVEL 0 to 10

9-13

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Chorus, Room Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Chorus+Room+Mix|

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ChorDly|:0ms||RevIn|Dry:0||||Dry|Lvl|:0| LFOSpeed:0||||RevIn|Chr:0||||ChrR|Lvl:0| LFODepth:0||||RevPreDly:0ms||ChrL|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||HiFrqDamp:Wrm||RevR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||Rev|Decay:0.1s|RevL|Lvl:0| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES CHORUS DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds

LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 REVERB IN DRY 0 to 10 REVERB IN CHORUS 0 to 10 REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds HIGH-FREQUENCY DAMPING Warm, Soft, Bright REVERB DECAY 0.1 to 1.2 seconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 CHORUS LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

Delay, Room Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Delay+Room+Mixer

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| DlyTime|:140m|RevIn|Dry:0||||Dry|Lvl|:0| Feedback:0%|||RevIn|Dly:9||||DlyR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||RevPreDly:10ms|DlyL|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||HiFrqDamp:Wrm||RevR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||Rev|Decay:0.1s|RevL|Lvl:0| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DELAY TIME 0 to 750 milliseconds

FEEDBACK 0 to 99% REVERB IN DRY 0 to 10 REVERB IN DELAY 0 to 10 REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds HIGH FREQUENCY DAMPING Warm, Soft, Bright REVERB DECAY 0.1 to 1.2 seconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

9-14

Chorus, Hall Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Chorus+Hall+Mix|

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ChorDly|:0ms||RevIn|Dry:9||||Dry|Lvl|:0| LFOSpeed:9||||RevIn|Chr:0||||ChrR|Lvl:0| LFODepth:9||||RevPreDly:0ms||ChrL|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||HiFrqDamp:Wrm||RevR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||Rev|Decay:1.00|RevL|Lvl:0| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES CHORUS DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds

LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 REVERB IN DRY 0 to 10 REVERB IN CHORUS 0 to 10 REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds HIGH-FREQUENCY DAMPING Warm, Soft, Bright REVERB DECAY 1.00 to 20.0 seconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 CHORUS LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Delay, Hall Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Delay+Hall+Mixer

|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| DlyTime|:0ms||RevIn|Dry:9||||Dry|Lvl|:0| Feedback:90%||RevIn|Dly:9||||DlyR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||RevPreDly:0ms||DlyL|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||HiFrqDamp:Brt||RevR|Lvl:0| ||||||||||||||Rev|Decay:1.00|RevL|Lvl:0| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES DELAY TIME 0 to 750 milliseconds

FEEDBACK 0 to 99% REVERB IN DRY 0 to 10 REVERB IN DELAY 0 to 10 REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds HIGH FREQUENCY DAMPING Warm, Soft, Bright REVERB DECAY 1.00 to 20.0 seconds DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

9-15

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

EQ, Gated Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:EQ+Gated+Mixer||

LoPassFrq:0.10KHz|||EQ|R|Lvl|:2||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||EQ|L|Lvl|:0||||||||| RevPreDly:9ms|||||||Acc|R|Lvl:0||||||||| GateEnv||:Flat||||||Acc|L|Lvl:0||||||||| Rev|Decay:500ms|||||Rev|R|Lvl:0||||||||| AccentDly:-50ms|||||Rev|L|Lvl:0||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES LOWPASS FILTER CUTOFF FREQ. 0.10 to 18.00KHz

REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 80 milliseconds GATE ENVELOPE Flat, Decaying GATE DECAY TIME 50 to 600 milliseconds ACCENT DELAY ±50 milliseconds EQ LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 ACCENT LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERB LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

EQ, Reverse Reverb, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:EQ+Reverse+Mixer

LoPassFrq:15.00KHz||EQ|R|Lvl|:9||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||EQ|L|Lvl|:2||||||||| RevPreDly:0ms|||||||Acc|R|Lvl:0||||||||| Rev|Time|:50ms||||||Acc|L|Lvl:0||||||||| AccentDly:-50ms|||||Rev|R|Lvl:0||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Rev|L|Lvl:0||||||||| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES LOWPASS FILTER CUTOFF FREQ. 100 Hz to 18.00KHz

REVERB PRE-DELAY 0 to 80 milliseconds REVERSE TIME 50 to 600 milliseconds ACCENT DELAY ±50 milliseconds EQ LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 ACCENT LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 REVERSE LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

9-16

Parametric EQ, Chorus, Delay, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Para+Cho+Dly+Mix

Frq1:0.10|ChrSrc:EQ|DlyEQSrc:EQ||Dry|:1| Lvl1:-12d|ChrDly:0m|DlyEQIn|:0|||EQ||:1| Frq2:0.10|LFOSpd:0||DlyChrIn:0|||DlyR:1| Lvl2:-12d|LFODep:0||DlyTime|:9ms|DlyL:1| Frq3:0.48|||||||||||Feedback:0%||ChrR:1| Lvl3:-8dB||||||||||||||||||||||||ChrL:1| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES BAND 1 FREQUENCY 0.1 to 12.60 KHz

BAND 1 LEVEL ±12 dB BAND 2—3 FREQUENCY 0.1 to 12.80 KHz BAND 2—3 LEVEL ±12 dB CHORUS EQ SOURCE EQ, Dry CHORUS DELAY 0 to 60 milliseconds CHORUS LFO SPEED 0 to 65 CHORUS LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 DELAY EQ SOURCE EQ, Dry DELAY EQ IN 0 to 10 DELAY CHORUS IN 0 to 10 DELAY TIME 0 to 1500 milliseconds DELAY FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 EQ LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 CHORUS LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

9-17

Effects Mode and the Effects Editor

Configurations and Parameters

Parametric EQ, Flange, Delay, and Mixer

EditEffect|||||<>Config:Para+Fla+Dly+Mix

Frq1:0.10|FlaSrc:EQ|DlyEQSrc:EQ||||||||| Lvl1:10dB|FlaDly:0||DlyEQIn|:9|||EQ||:9| Frq2:10.0|LFOSpd:64|DlyFlaIn:0|||DlyR:9| Lvl2:10dB|LFODep:98|DlyTime|:9ms|DlyL:9| Frq3:10.8|FeedBk:10|Feedback:90%|FlaR:9| Lvl3:10dB||||||||||||||||||||||||FlaL:9| Name|||Save|||Delete|Dump|||||||||||||||

PARAMETER RANGE OF VALUES BAND 1 FREQUENCY 100 Hz to 12.60 KHz

BAND 1 LEVEL ±12 dB BAND 2—3 FREQUENCY 0.1 to 12.80 KHz BAND 2—3 LEVEL ±12 dB FLANGE SOURCE EQ, Dry FLANGE DELAY 0 to 10 milliseconds LFO SPEED 0 to 65 LFO DEPTH 0 to 99 FLANGE FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DELAY EQ SOURCE EQ, Dry DELAY EQ IN 0 to 10 DELAY FLANGE IN 0 to 10 DELAY TIME 0 to 1500 milliseconds DELAY FEEDBACK 0 to 99% DRY LEVEL 0 to 10 EQ LEVEL 0 to 10 DELAY LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10 FLANGE LEVEL RIGHT—LEFT 0 to 10

9-18

Kurzweil Music Systems K2000 User's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual