knd KND-K100M Users Manual

CNC Series

KND—100M Computer Numerical Products

—

boring and milling machines

USER’S MANUAL

Beijing KND CNC Technique Co. Ltd.

B—99100M/01

KND LTD,1999

I GENERAL

1. GENERAL

1.1 GENERAL FLOW OF OPERATION OF CNC MACHINE TOOL

1.2 NOTES ON READING THIS MANUAL

II PROGRAMMING

1. GENERAL

1.1 TOOL MOVEMENT ALONG WORKPIECE PARTS FIGURE-INTERPOLATION

1.2 FEED-FEED FUNCTION

1.3 PART DRAWING AND TOOL MOVEMENT

1.4 CUTTING FEED─SPINDLE FUNCTION

1.5 SELECTION OF TOOL USED FOR VARIOUS MACHINING-TOOL FUNCTION … 1- 7

1.6 COMMAND FOR MACHINE OPERATIONS-MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION

1.7 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION

1.8 TOOL FIGURE AND TOOL MACHINE-TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION

1.9 TOOL MOVEMENT RANGE -STROKE

2. CONTROLLED AXES

2.1 CONTROLLED AXES

2.2 INCREMENT SYSTEM

2.3 MAXIMUM STROKE

3. PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G FUNCTION)

4. INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS

4.1 POSITIONING (G00)

4.2 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)

4.3 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02,G03)

5. FEED FUNCTIONS

5.1 GENERAL

5.2 RAPID TRAVERSE

5.3 CUTTING FEED

5.4 DWELL (G04)

6. REFERENCE POSITION

6.1 REFERENCE POINT RETURN(G28,G29)

7. COORDINATE SYSTEM

7.1 WORKPIECE COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING (G92)

7.2 PLANE SELECTION (G17,G18,G19)

8. COORDINATE VALUE AND DIMENSION

8.1 ABSOLUTE AND INCREMENTAL PROGRAMMING (G90, G91)

8.2 INCH/METRIC CONVERSION (G20,G21)

8.3 DECIMAL POINT PROGRAMMING

9. SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION (S FUNCTION)

9.1 SPINDLE SPEED COMMAND

10.TOOL FUNCTION (T FUNCTION)

11. AUXILIARY FUNCTION

11.1 AUXILIARY FUNCTION (M FUNCTION)

11.2 AUXILIARY FUNCTION PARAMETER

11.3 NOTES ON AUXILIARY FUNCTION

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1- 0

5- 0

1- 1

1- 0

1- 1

……

1- 2

1- 3

1- 7

1- 8

1- 8 1- 10

1- 11

2- 0

2- 1

3- 0

4- 0 4- 1

4- 1

4- 2

5- 1

5- 2 5- 3

5- 4

6- 0

6- 1

7- 1

7- 2

8- 1

8- 2

9- 0

9- 1

10- 1

11- 0

11- 1

11- 3 11- 4

12. PROGRAM CONFIGURATION

12.1 GENERAL

12.2 PROGRAM END

12.3 FILE END

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13. FUNCTIONS TO SIMPLIFY PROGRAMMING

13.1 CANNED CYCLE (G73,G74,G76.G80-G89)

14. COMPENSATION FUNCTION

14.1TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION(G43,G44,G49)

14.2 CUTTER COMPENSATION B(G39,G40-G42)

14.3 CUTTER COMPENSATION C(G40-G42)

14.3.1 CUTTER COMPENSATION FUNCTION

14.3.2 OFFSET AMOUNT(H code)

14.3.3 OFFSET VECTOR

14.3.4 PLANE SELECTION AND VECTOR

14.3.5 G40,G41 and G42

14.3.6 DETAILS OF CUTTER COMPENSATION C

14.4 OFFSET AMOUNT INPUT BY PROGRAM(G10)

15. MEASURE FUNCTION

15.1SKIP FUNCTION (G31)

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16. WORKPIECE COORDINATE SYSTEM SELECTION

16.1 WORKPIECE COORDINATE SYSTEM(G54-G59)

17.CUSTOM MACRO

17.1 CUSTOM MACRO COMMAND

17.2 CUSTOME MACRO BODY

17.3 CUSTOM MACRO EXAMPLES

III OPERATION

1. GENERAL

1.1 MANUAL OPERATION

1.2 TOOL MOVEMENT BY PROGRAMING-AUTOMATIC OPERATION

1.3 AUTOMATIC OPERATION

1.4 TESTING A PROGRAM

1.5 PROGRAM EDITING

1.6 DATA DISPLAY AND SETTING

1.7 DISPLAY

1.8 DATA INPUT/OUTPUT

2. OPERATOR’S PANEL

2.1 LCD／MDI PANEL

2.2 ADDITIONAL PANEL

3. POWER ON AND OFF

3.1 POWER ON

3.2 POWER OFF

4. MANUAL OPERATION

4.1 MANUAL REFERENCE POSITION RETURN

4.2 JOG FEED

4.3 INCREMENTAL FEED

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17- 1

1- 0

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12- 1

12- 7

12- 8

13- 1

14- 1

14- 4

14- 11

14-12

14-12 14-14 14-39

15- 1

16- 1

17- 1

17- 10

1- 1 1- 1

1- 2

1- 3 1- 4

1- 6

1- 8

1-10

2- 1

2- 5

3- 1

4- 1

4- 3

4.4 HANDLE FEED

4.5 MANUAL PROGRAM ZERO RETURN

4.6 MANUAL ABSOLUTE SWITCH

4.7 MANUAL AUXILIARY FUNCTION OPERATION

5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION

5.1 OPERATION MODE

5.2 START-UP

5.3 AUTO OPERATION EXECUTION

5.4 STOP

6. DRY RUN

6.1 MACHINE LOCK

6.2 AUXILIARY FUCTION LOCK

6.3 FEEDRATE OVERRIDE

6.4 RAPID TRAVERSE OVERRIDE

6.5 ANALOGUE SPINDLE OVERRIDE

6.6 DRY RUN

6.7 SINGLE BLOCK

6.8 RESTART AFTER FEEDHOLD OR STOP

6.9 OPTIONAL BLOCK SKIP

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7. SAFTY OPERATION

7.1 EMERGENCY STOP

7.2 OVERTRAVEL

8. ALARM

8- 1

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9. PROGRAM STORAGE AND EDITING

9.1 PREPARATION

9.2 STORE PROGRAM IN MEMORY

9.3 STORE FILE IN MEMORY

9.4 PROGRAM SEARCH

9.5 PROGRAM DELETING

9.6 DELETING ALL PROGRAMS

9.7 PROGRAM OUTPUT

9.8 ALL PROGRAMS OUTPUT

9.9 SEQUENCE NUMBER SEARCH

9.10 PROGRAM COMPARATION

9.11 WORD INSERTING, MODIFYING AND DELETING

9.12 SEQUENCE NUMBER INSERTING AUTOMATICALLY

9.13 NUMBER OF STORED PROGRAMS

9.14 STORAGE CAPACITY

10. DATA DISPLAY AND SETTING

10.1 OFFSET AMOUNT

10.2 SET PARAMETER SETTING

10.3 CUSTOM MACRO VARIABLES DISPLAY AND SETTING

10.4 PARAMETER

10.5 PITCH ERROR COMPENSATION DATA

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9- 3

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4- 4 4- 5 4- 5

4- 7 5- 1

5- 1 5- 3 5- 3

5- 3

6- 1 6- 1 6- 1

6- 1

6- 2

6- 3

6- 4

7- 1

9- 1

9- 2

9- 3

9- 4 9- 5

9- 9

10-1

10- 1

10- 2

10- 4

10- 5

10- 7

10.6 DIAGNOSE

10.7 MACHINE SOFT OPERATOR’S PANEL DISPLAY AND SETTING

11. DISPLAY

11.1 STATUS DISPLAY

11.2 DATA DISPLAY

11.3 PROGRAM No. and SEQUENCE No. DISPLAY

11.4 PROGRAM MEMORY DISPLAY

11.5 COMMAND VALUE DISPLAY

11.6 POSITION DISPLAY

11.7 RUN TIME AND PARTS NUMBER

11.8 ALARM DISPLAY

11.9 INDEX CONTENT DISPLAY

12. DATA OUTPUT AND FLASH MEMORY

12.1 DATA OUTPUT

12.2 FLASH MEMORY

13. GRAPH FUNCTION

13.1 GRAPH PARAMETER SETTING

13.2 GRAPH PARAMETER

13.3 TOOL PATH

13.4 EXAMPLES

14. DESCRIPTION ON DRIVER DEVICE

14.1 UPPER LIMIT OF CUTTING FEED

14.2 RAPID TRAVERSE RATE SETTING

14.3 ELECTRIC GEAR RATIO

14.4 AC/DECELERATION TIME CONSTANT

14.5 PARAMETER SETTING

14.6 DRIVER ALARM

15. DESCRIPTION

15.1 STANDARD PARAMETER SETTING AND MEMORY CLEARING

15.2 NO CHECK ON OVERTRAVEL

15.3 BACKLASH COMPENSATION

15.4 INPUT SIGNAL FILTER

15.5 NOT ENTERED NORMAL SCREEN

15.6 ROM PARITY ALARM AND RAM CHECK

IV CONNECTION

1. SYSTEM INSTALLATION

1.1 CONFIGURATION

1.2 INSTALLATION DIMENSION

1.3 ADDITIONAL PANEL DIMENSION

2. INTERNAL CONNECTION

2.1 CONNECTION DIAGRAM

2.2 POWER OUTLET SIGNAL ARRANGEMENT

2.3 OVERRIDE SWITCH SIGNAL ARRANGEMENT

2.4 OUTLET CONNECTION BETWEEN MAIN BOARD AND EXTERNAL

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1- 0

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10- 7

10- 8

11- 1 11- 1 11- 1

11- 1 11- 2

11- 2

11- 3 11- 5

11- 6

12- 1

12- 2

13- 1

13- 2

13- 4

14- 1

14- 2 14- 2

14- 4

15- 1 15- 1 15- 1

15- 1

15- 1 15- 1

1- 1

1- 2

1- 3

2- 1

2- 3

2- 4

3. EXTERNAL CONNECTION

3.1 EXTERNAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM

3.1.1 WITH STEPPER MOTOR

3.1.2 WITH SERVO MOTOR

3.2 INTERFACE SIGNAL FROM CNC TO DRIVER

3.2.1 INTERFACE SIGNAL LOGIC DIAGRAM

3.2.2 CONNECTOR SIGNAL

3.2.3 SIGNAL DESCRIPTION

3.2.4 CABLE MAKING

3.3 RS232-C SERIES PORT

3.4 ANALOGUE SPINDLE INTERFACE CONNECTION

3.5 ADDITIONAL PANEL CONNECTION

3.5.1 CONNECTOR SIGNAL

3.5.2 SIGNAL DESCRIPTION

3.5.3 SIGNAL CONNECTION

4. MACHINE TOOL INTERFACE

4.1 INPUT SIGNAL INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

4.1.1 INPUT SIGNAL A

4.1.2 INPUT SIGNAL B

4.2 INPUT SIGNAL INTERFACE DESCRIPTION

4.2.1 DARLINGTON OUTPUT PARAMETER

4.2.2 OUTPUT DRIVER RELAY CIRCUIT

4.2.3 OUTPUT DIRVER INDICATOR LAMP

4.3 INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LIST

4.3.1 INPUT SIGNAL DIAGNOSE LIST

4.3.2 OUTPUT SIGNAL DIAGNOSE LIST 4- 5

4.3.3 OUTLET PIN SIGNAL ARRANGEMENT

4.4 INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL DESCRIPTION

4.4.1 INPUT SIGNAL

4.4.2 OUTPUT SIGANL

4.4.3 M code VOLTAGE LEVEL/PULSE OUTPUT DESCRIPTION

V APPENDIX

APPENDIX1 STORED PITCH ERROR COMPENSATION APPENDIX2 G FUNCTION TABLE APPENDIX3 RANGE OF COMMAND VALUE TABLE APPENDIX4 BINARY AND DECIMAL CONVERSION APPENDIX5 ALARM LIST APPENDIX6 STATUS OF POWER-ON AND RESET APPENDIX7 PARAMETER LIST APPENDIX8 PLC PARAMETER LIST APPENDIX9 OPERATION TABLE APPENDIX10 SPECIFICATION TABLE APPENDIX11 CNC STATUS DIAGNOSE MESSAGE

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4- 1

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1- 0

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3- 1

3- 2

3- 3

3- 5

3- 6

3- 10

3- 13

3- 14

3- 15

4- 1

4- 2

4- 3

4- 4

4- 5

4- 6 4- 6 4- 6

4- 9 4-10

1- 1

2- 1

3- 1

4- 1

5- 1

6- 1

7- 1

8- 1

9- 1 10- 1 11- 1

APPENDIX12 COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

………………………………

12- 1

Ⅰ

Ⅰ GENERAL

GENERAL －1(GENERAL) 1 - 0

1、GENERAL

1. INTRODUCTION

GENERAL －1(GENERAL) 1 - 1

Ⅰ

KND－100M,

machines, boring machines and machining centers has been developed by Beijing KND CNC technique Co. Ltd. to satisfy the needs of NC markets in China. The control circuit uses high-speed microprocessors, custom LSIs, multiple-layer PCBs and high resolving power LCD to reduce the volume in order to compact the whole system and provide high reliability. As for control software, control system for the first time, and increases many functions fit stepper motor according to the character of stepper motor in order to give full play to its performance at the same time.

KND－100M

ratio.

This manual explains programming, operation, and connection. For convenience the basic and optional specifications are explained at APPENDIX. The detailed descriptions can be referred to as required. This manual covers everything pertaining to the system As for the specifications for the machine operator’s panel and actual function corresponding to different machine tools refer to the manual issued by the individual machine tool builder.

a economic CNC to control digital servo motor or stepper motor for milling

KND－100M

provides high-performance and significantly improves the performance / cost

brings overall-function CNC system to stepper motor

KND－100M.

1.1 GENERAL FLOW OF OPERATION OF CNC MACHINE TOOL

When machining the part using the CNC machine tool, first prepare the program, then

operate the CNC machine by using the program.

1) First, prepare the program from a part drawing to operate the CNC machine tool. Store

the program to a media appropriate for the CNC. How to prepare the program is described in the Chapter II. PROGRAMMING.

2) The program is to be read into the CNC system. Then, mount the workpieces and tools on

the machine, and operate the tools according to the programming. Finally, execute the machining actually. How to operate the CNC system is described in the Chapter III. OPERATION.

MDI/LCD

Part

drawing

Part

program

Machine tool

CNC

Floppy disk

CHAPTER II PROGRAMMING

CHAPTE R III OPERAT ION

1.2 NOTES ON READING THIS MANUAL

1 The function of an CNC machine tool system depends not only on the CNC, but on the

combination of the machine tool, its magnetic cabinet, the servo system, the CNC, the operator’s panels, etc. It is too difficult to describe the function, programming, and operation relating to all combinations. This manual generally describes these from the stand-point of the CNC. So, for details on a particular CNC machine tool, refer to the manual issued by the machine tool builder, which should take precedence over this manual.

GENERAL －1(GENERAL) 1 - 2

Ⅰ

Optional function1

. . .

Optional function2

interface

CNC basic function

CNC system

2 This manual is

KND－100M

series CNC system common description. Under the concrete

conditions, refer to the description of individual machine tool builder.

KND－100M

series CNC system provide several types. Be caution to select system. For

details, refer to the order of KND Ltd.

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1-０

II PROGRAMMING

GENERAL

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1-１

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1.1 TOOL MOVEMENT ALONG WORKPIECE PARTS FIGUREINTERPOLATION

The tool moves along straight lines and arcs constituting the workpiece parts figure (See II-4).

EXPLANATIONS

● Tool movement along a straight line

Program G01 X_ _ Y_ _ ;

X_ _ ;

Workpiece

Tool

Fig.1.1 (a) Tool movement along a straight line

●Tool movement along an arc

1-２

Program G03 X_ Y_ R_ ；

W orkpiece

Fig. 1.1 (b) Tool movement along an arc

Symbols of the programmed commands G01, G02, ... are called the preparatory function and specify the type of interpolation conducted in the control unit.

(a) Movement along straight line G01 Y__; X__Y__;

(b) Movement along arc G03X__Y__R__;

Control u nit

interpolation

a)Move ment along

straight lin e

b) Movement along

arc

Tool

X-axis(motor)

Y-axis(motor)

Tool movemen

Fig. 1.1 (c) Interpolation function NOTE: Some machines move tables instead of tools but this manual assumes that tools are moved against workpieces.

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1.2 FEED- FEED FUNCTION

Movement of the tool at a specified speed for cutting a workpiece is called the feed.

1-３

mm/min

Workpiece

Table

Fig. 1.2 (a) Feed function

Feedrates can be specified by using actual numerics. For example, to feed the tool at a rate of 150 mm/min, specify the following in program: F150.0 The function of deciding the feed rate is called the feed function (See II-5).

Tool

1.3 PART DRAWING AND TOOL MOVEMENT

1.3.1 Reference Position (Machine-specific position)

A CNC machine tool is provided with a fixed position. Normally, tool change and programming of absolute zero point as described later are performed at this position. This position is called the reference position.

Reference position

Tool

Workpiece

Fig. 1.3.1 (a) Reference position

EXPLANATIONS

The tool can be moved to the reference position in two ways: (1) Manual reference position return (See III-1)

Reference position return is performed by manual button operation.

(2) Automatic reference position return (See II-6)

In general, manual reference position return is performed first after the power is turned on. In order to move the tool to the reference position for tool change thereafter, the function of automatic reference position return is used.

Table

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1-４

1.3.2 Coordinate System on Part Drawing and Coordinate System Specified by

CNC Coordinate System

Tool

Part drawing

EXPLANATIONS

Program

Coordinate system

Fig. 1.3.2 (a) Coordinate system

command

CNC

Machine tool

● Coordinate system

The following two coordinate systems are specified at different locations: (See II-7)

(1) Coordinate system on part drawing

The coordinate system is written on the part drawing. As the program data, the coordinate values on this coordinate system are used.

(2) Coordinate system specified by the CNC

The coordinate system is prepared on the actual machine tool table. This can be achieved by programming the distance from the current position of the tool to the zero point of the coordinate system to be set.

workpiece

200

Present tool position

Program zero point

Fig. 1.3.2 (b) Coordinate system specified by the CNC

The positional relation between these two coordinate systems is determined when a workpiece is set on the table.

300

Distance to the zero point of a coordinate system to be set

Tool

Workpiece

Coordinat e system on part drawin g established on the workpiece

Coordinat e system specified by the CNC establ ished on the t able

Table

Fig. 1.3.2 (c) Coordinate system specified by CNC and coordinate system on part drawing

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

The tool moves on the coordinate system specified by the CNC in accordance with the command program generated with respect to the coordinate system on the part drawing, and cuts a workpiece into a shape on the drawing. Therefore, in order to correctly cut the workpiece as specified on the drawing, the two coordinate systems must be set at the same position.

• Methods of setting the two coordinate systems in the same position

To set the two coordinate systems at the same position, simple methods shall be used according to workpiece shape, the number of machinings. (1) Using a standard plane and point of the workpiece.

Workpiece’s standard point

Fixed distance

Bring the tool center to the workpiece standard point. And set the coordinate system specified by CNC at this position.

(2) Mounting a workpiece directly against the jig

Program zero point

Jig

Meet the tool center to the reference position. And set the coordinate system specified by CNC at this position. (Jig shall be mounted on the predetermined point from the reference position.)

(3) Mounting a workpiece on a pallet, then mounting the workpiece and pallet on the jig

pallet

1-５

Jig

Work

iece

(Jig and coordinate system shall be specified by the same as (2)).

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1-６

1.3.3 How to Indicate Command Dimensions for Moving the Tool – Absolute,

Incremental instructions

EXPLANATIONS

Coordinate values of command for moving the tool can be indicated by absolute or incremental designation (See II-8.1).

• Absolute coordinates

The tool moves to a point at“the distance from zero point of the coordinate system” that is to the position of the coordinate values.

Tool

(15，60，40

)

B (10，30，20)

Command specifying movement from point A to point B G90 X10.0 Y30.0 Z20.0 ;

coordinates of point B

• Incremental coordinates

Specify the distance from the previous tool position to the next tool position.

Tool

Command specifying movement from point A to point B G91

X40.0 Y-30.0 Z-10.0 ;

Distance and direction for movement along each axis

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1.4 CUTTING SPEED – SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION

The speed of the tool with respect to the workpiece when the workpiece is cut is called the cutting speed. As for the CNC, rpm unit.

the cutting speed can be specified by the spindle speed in

Tool

Diameter

RPM

1-７

V (mm/min)

Workpiece

EXAMPLES

<When a workpiece should be machined with a tool 100 mm in diameter at a cutting speed of 80 mm/min. > The spindle speed is approximately 250 rpm, which is obtained from N=1000v/πD. Hence the following command is required: S250; Commands related to the spindle speed are called the spindle speed function ( See II-9).

1.5 SELECTION OF TOOL USED FOR VARIOUS MACHINING

(TOOL FUNCTION)

When drilling, tapping, boring, milling or the like, is performed, it is necessary to select a suitable tool. When a number is assigned to each tool and the number is specified in the program, the corresponding tool is selected.

Tool number

TC magazin e

. EXAMPLES

<When No.01 is assigned to drilling tool> When the tool is stored at location 01 in the ATC magazine, the tool can be selected by specifying T01. This is called the tool function (See II-10)

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1.6 COMMAND FOR MACHINE OPERATIONS –MISCELLANEOUS

FUNCTION

When machining is actually started, it is necessary to rotate the spindle, and feed coolant. For this purpose, on-off operations of spindle motor and coolant valve should be controlled (See II-11).

Spindle rotate

1-８

Tool

The function of specifying the on-off operations of the components of the machine is called the miscellaneous function. In general, the function is specified by an M code. For example, when M03 is specified, the spindle is rotated clockwise at the specified spindle speed.

coolant

Workpiece

1.7 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION

A group of commands given to the CNC for operating the machine is called the program. By specifying the commands, the tool is moved along a straight line or an arc, or the spindle motor is turned on and off. In the program, specify the commands in the sequence of actual tool movements.

Fig. 1.7 (a) Program configuration

A group of commands at each step of the sequence is called the block, The program consists of a group of blocks for a series of machining. The number for discriminating each block is called the sequence number, and the number for discriminating each program is called the program number (See II-12).

Program

Block

Tool movement sequence

Block Block

Block

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

EXPLANATIONS

• Block

The block and the program have the following configurations.

NOOOO GOO XOO.O YOO.O MOO SOO TOO;

1 Block

N: Sequence number G: Preparatory function X,Y: Dimension word M: Miscellaneous function S: Spindle function T: Tool function ; : End of block

Fig. 1.7 (b) Block configuration

A block has a sequence number at its head, which identifies the block, and an end-of-block code at the end, indicating the end of the block. This manual indicates the end-of-block code by ;.

• Program

Normally, a program number is specified after the end-of-block (;) code at the beginning of the program, and a program end code (M02 or M30) is specified at the end of the program.

；

O□□□□；

M30；

Program number Block Block Block

End of program

Fig. 1.7 (c) Program configuration

• Main program and subprogram

When machining of the same pattern appears at many portions of a program, a program for the pattern is created. This is called the subprogram. On the other hand, the original program is called the main program. When a subprogram execution command appears during execution of the main program, commands of the subprogram are executed. When execution of the subprogram is finished, the sequence returns to the main program.

1-９

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

1-１０

Main program subprogram#1

M98P1001

M98P1002

M98P1001

O1001

M99

subprogram#2

O1002

M99

Pole #1 Pole #1

Pole #2

program for pole #1

program for pole#2

1.8 TOOL FIGURE AND TOOL MOTION BY PROGRAM

EXPLANATIONS

• Machining using the end of cutter-Tool length compensation function (See II-14.1)

Usually, several tools are used for machining one workpiece. The tools have different tool length. It is very troublesome to change the program in accordance with the tools. Therefore, the length of each tool used should be measured in advance. By setting the difference between the length of the standard tool and the length of each tool in the CNC (data display and setting: see III-11), machining can be performed without altering the program even when the tool is changed. This function is called tool length compensation.

Workpiece

ⅡPROGRAMMING-1（GENERAL）

• Machining using the Side of cutter-Cutter compensation function (See II-14.2)

Because a cutter has a radius, the center of the cutter path goes around the workpiece with the cutter radius deviated.

Tool

Cutter path using cutter compensation

Machined part figure

Workpiece

1-１１

If radius of cutters are stored in the CNC (Data Display and Setting : see III-11), the tool can be moved by cutter radius apart from the machining part figure. This function is called cutter compensation.

1.9 TOOL MOVEMENT RANGE-STROKE

Limit switches are installed at the ends of each axis on the machine to prevent tools from moving beyond the ends. The range in which tools can move is called the stroke.

motor

Reference position

Table

Besides strokes defined with limit switches, the operator can define an area which the tool cannot enter using a program or data in memory (see III-11). This function is called stroke check.

CONTROLLED AXES

ⅡPROGRAMMING-2 (CONTROLLED AXES)

2-0

2.1 CONTROLLED AXES

Number of controlled axes 4 axes Simultaneously controlled axes 4 axes

2.2 NAME OF AXES

ⅡPROGRAMMING-2 (CONTROLLED AXES)

2-1

Names of the three basic axes are fixed as X, Y, and Z. Names o additional axes can be optionally selected from A, B, C, U, V, and W. They can be set by parameter No. 008 #2, #3, #4.

2.3 INCREMENT SYSTEM

Least command increment Least input increment Maximum stroke

0.001mm 0.001mm 9999.99mm

0.0001inch 0.0001inch 999.9999inch

Combined use of the inch system and the metric system is not allowed. There are functions that cannot be used between axes with different uni systems (circular interpolation, cutter compensation, etc.). For the increment system, see the machine tool builder’s manual.

2.4 MAXIMUM STROKE

Maximum stroke = Least command increment x 99999999 See 2.3 Increment System.

PREPARATORY FUNCTION（G FUNCTION）

Ⅱ PROGRAMMING-3（PREPARATORY FUNCTION）

3-０

Ⅱ PROGRAMMING-3（PREPARATORY FUNCTION）

3 PREPARATORY FUNCTION（G CODES）

A number following address G determines the meaning of the command for the concerned block. G codes are divided into the following two types.

Type Meaning

3-１

One-shot G code

Modal G code

Example: G01 and G00 are modal G codes in group 01. G01X _;

Z _; G01 is effective in this range. X _;

G00Z_ ；

The G code is effective only in the block in which it is specified.

The G code is effective until another G code of the same group is specified.

Explanations

1. Modal G codes have the following initial conditions when the power is turned on or the system is reset to the clear state (bit 6 of parameter No. 045).

1) Those G codes marked* in Table 3 are specified automatically.

2) G20 and G21 retain their original conditions.

3) G00 or G01 is automatically selected according to parameter setting.

2. The G codes of group 00, are one-shot G codes.

3. If a G code that does not appear in the G code list is specified, or a G code whose options are not supported is specified, alarm No. 010 is displayed.

4. Multiple G codes of different groups can be specified in a single block. When

multiple G codes of one group are specified in a block, the G code specified last is effective.

5. If any G code of group 01 is specified in a canned cycle mode, the canned cycle is automatically cancelled and the G80 condition is entered. However, a G code of group 01 is not affected by any of the canned cycle G codes.

6. A G code is displayed from each group.

Ⅱ PROGRAMMING-3（PREPARATORY FUNCTION）

3-２

Table 3 G code list(1/2)

G code

G00

*G01

Group Function

Positioning Linear interpolation

G02 G03

Circular interpolation CW Circular interpolation CCW

G04 Dwell, Exact stop

G10

Offset value setting

*G17 XY plane selection

G18 G19

ZX plane selection YZ plane selection

G20 Input in inch

G21 G27

Input in mm Reference position return check

G28 Return to reference position G29 Return from reference position

00 G31 G39

*G40

G41 Cutter compensation left

07 G42 G43 G44

*G49 *G54

G55 G56

Skip function Corner circular interpolation

Cutter compensation cancel

Cutter compensation right Tool length compensation + direction Tool length compensation - direction

Tool length compensation cancel Workpiece coordinate system 1 selection Workpiece coordinate system 2 selection Workpiece coordinate system 3 selection

05 G57

G58 G59

Workpiece coordinate system 4 selection Workpiece coordinate system 5 selection Workpiece coordinate system 6 selection

G65 00 Macro call

Ⅱ PROGRAMMING-3（PREPARATORY FUNCTION）

3-３

Table 3 G code list(2/2)

G code

G73 G74

Group Function

Peck drilling cycle Counter tapping cycle

G76 Fine boring cycle

*G80

G81 G82

Canned cycle cancel Drilling cycle, spot boring cycle or external operation function Drilling cycle or counter boring cycle

G83 G84 G85

Peck drilling cycle Tapping cycle Boring cycle

G86 Boring cycle G87

Back boring cycle G88 Boring cycle G89

Boring cycle G90 Absolute command

G91

Increment command G92

G98 G99

Setting for work coordinate system

Return to initial point in canned cycle

Return to R point in canned cycle

ⅡPROGRAMMING-4(INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS)

INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS

4-0

ⅡPROGRAMMING-4(INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS)

4-1

4.1 POSITIONING (G00)

The G00 command moves a tool to the position in the workpiece system specified with an absolute or an incremental command at a rapid traverse rate. In the absolute command, coordinate value of the end point is programmed. In the incremental command the distance the tool moves is programmed.

Format

G00 IP _;

IP _: For an absolute command, the coordinates of an end position, and

for an incremental command, the distance of the tool moves.

Explanations

Tool path generally does not become a straight line.

on linear position

End position

NOTE: 1 The rapid traverse rate in the G00 command is set by the parameter No. 038 to

040 for each axis independently by the machine tool builder. The rapid traverse rate cannot be specified in the address F. Feed rate specified by address F is valid.

2 The above parameter is in 3-axis NC system. When 4-axis is selected, parameter

number is in APPENDIX 7 note2 and 3. Parameter number without special description in this manual is in 3-axis CNC system.

Start position

4.2 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)

Format

G01 IP _F_;

IP _: For an absolute command, the coordinates of an end position, and

for an incremental command, the distance of the tool moves.

F_; Speed of tool feed (Feedrate)

Explanations

A tools move along a line to the specified position at the feedrate specified in F. The feedrate specified in F is effective until a new value is specified. It need not be specified for each block. It is set by the parameter of No.65. The feedrate commanded by the F code is measured along the tool path. If the F code is not commanded, the feedrate is regarded as zero. The feedrate of each axis direction is as follows.

G01 Xα Yβ Zγ F f

Feed rate of X-axis direction :

Feed rate of Y-axis direction :

Feed rate of Z-axis direction :

=×

f=×

+ 267 hidden pages

knd KND-K100M Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Ⅰ GENERAL

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL FLOW OF OPERATION OF CNC MACHINE TOOL

1.2 NOTES ON READING THIS MANUAL

II PROGRAMMING

GENERAL

1.2 FEED- FEED FUNCTION

1.3 PART DRAWING AND TOOL MOVEMENT

1.5 SELECTION OF TOOL USED FOR VARIOUS MACHINING

1.7 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION

1.8 TOOL FIGURE AND TOOL MOTION BY PROGRAM

1.9 TOOL MOVEMENT RANGE-STROKE

CONTROLLED AXES

2.1 CONTROLLED AXES

2.2 NAME OF AXES

2.3 INCREMENT SYSTEM

2.4 MAXIMUM STROKE

3 PREPARATORY FUNCTION（G CODES）

INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS

4.1 POSITIONING (G00)

4.2 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)