Keithley 487, 486 Service manual

WARRANTY

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of shipment.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.

During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that prows to be defective,

To exercise this wammty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, OT at least 90 days.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, 01 problems arising from normal we.a~ or failure to follow instructions.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.

NEITHER KBITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. - 28775 Aurora R

Model 486 Picoammeter

Model 487 Picoammeter/Vokage Source

Instruction Manual

01990, Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

Fourth Printing, August 2000

Document Number: 486-901-01 Rev. D

Manual Print History

The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual arc incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.

Revision C (Document Number 486-901-01) Revision D (Document Number 486-901-01).

............................................. December

................................................. August 2000

1991

BESCHEJNIGUNG DES HERSTELLERS/IMl’ORTEURS

Hiermitwirdbescheinigt,(daS)/dasMODEL 486 PICOAMMETER AND MODEL 487 PICOAMMETER/ VOLTAGE SOURCEinUbereinstimmungmitdenBestimmungenderVfg1046/1984funksntstortist.DerDeuk~en

Bundespost Eiihmg der Bestimmungen eingeraumt.

Die Einhaltung der betreffenden Bestimmungen setzt vordus, dag, (da& geschirmte Mt$leitungen venvendet werden. Fur die Beschaffung richtiger Me~leitungen ist der Betreiber verantwortlich.

DIESES GERAET WURDE SOWOHL ElNZELN ALS AUCH IN ElNERANLAGE, DIE EINEN NORMALW ANWENDUNGSFALL NACHBILDET, AUF DIE EINHALTUNG DER FEN

GEPRUEFT. EST IS JEDOCH MOEGLICH, DASS DIE UNGUENSTIGEN UMSTAENDEN BEI ANDEREN G ERAETEKOMBJNATIONEN NIGHT EINGEHALTEN WERDEN. FUER DIE EINHALTIJNG DER FUNK-ENTSTOERBE GEN SEINER GESAMTEN ANLAGE, IN DER DlESES GERAET BETRIEBEN WlRD, IST DER B?ZlXEZBER VERANTWORTLICH.

wurde

das Inverkehrbringen dieses Gerates angezeigt und die Berechtigmg ZUI Uberprufmg der Serie auf

FUNK-ENTSTOEXB -GEN IJNTFX

Keithley Instruments, Incorporated

CERTIFICATE BY MANUFACTURER/TMPORTER

ThisistocertlfythattheheMODEL

SOURCE isshielded againstadiointerferenceinaccordancewiththeprovisions ofVfglO46/1984. TheGermanPostal Services have been advised that this device is being put on the market and that they have been given the right to inspect the series for compliance with the regulations.

Compliance with applicable regulations depends on the use of shielded cables. It is the user who is responsible for prycuring the appropriate cables.

THIS EQUlFMENT HAS BEEN TFSTED CONCERNING COMPLIANCE WITH THE RELFVANT RFl PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS BOTH lNDMDUALLY AND ON SYSTEM LEVEL (TO TION CONDlTIONS). HOWEVER, IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THESE RFI RBQCERTAIN UNFAV0RABL.E CONDlTIONS IN OTHER INSTALLATIONS. lT IS THE USER WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR COMX’LIAN

CE OF HIS PARTICULAR INSTALLATION.

SIMULATE NORMAL OPERA-

ARENOTMETUNJXR

Keithley Instruments, Incorporated

Safety Precautions

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and soy associated instrumentation. Although some inmument~ and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may he present.

This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and am familiar with the safety precautions mquired to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information carefully before using the product.

The types of product users are Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use

and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.

Operators use the product for its intended function. They most be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instmment. They most be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.

Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating, for example, setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service persomlel.

Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.

Users of this product most be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that users are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. Io some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product users in these circumstances most be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

As described in the International Electrotcchnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring circuits (e.g., Keitbley Models I75A. 199, 2000,2001,2W2, and 2010) are Installation Category II. All other instruments signal terminals are Installation Category I and most not be connected to mains.

Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to lim-

it fault cwrent and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, make sore the line cord is connectcd to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each we.

For maximom safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to tic circuit under test.

ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge

any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jompen, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may he present an cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The American National Standards Institote (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 3OV RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.

Do not touch any object that could provide a cormot path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground.

Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a

dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.

The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its

specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equip-

ment may be impaired.

The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating infonna-

don, and es shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating

for continued protection against tire hazard. Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for

measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.

If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a lid interlock.

Ifa@ screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.

Then fer to the operating instructions located in the manual.

-Ibe A sure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal

and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to

avoid personal contact with these voltages.

symbol on an instmment indicates that the user should E-

symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or mea-

The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.

Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans. Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and

all test cables. To maintain protection from electric shock end tire, replacement

components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instnmenu. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that se-

lected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Insrmments

to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are

unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based

cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instmment only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should he returned to the factmy for proper cleaning/servicing.

Rev. IO/99

SAFETY WARNINGS

hstmnentation and accessories should not be connected to humans.

The following prec.~tions should be observed before using Model 4&X/487. Refer to main manual for detailed safety information and complete operating instructions.

The Model 486/487 is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards snd are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read over the instruction manual carefully before using the ins+nunent.

Before operating the instrument, make sore the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltages may be present on the test fixture or the Model 487 output jacks. The American National Standards Institute WNSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS or 424V peak are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardo~voltageispresentinany~o~cirmitbefore measuriug.

Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.

Maintenance should only be performed by qualified service personnel. Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables from the instrument.

CONTROL SUMMARY

DISPLAY INTENSl7Y: Selects normal/dim/off display.

LOCAL: Places unit in local and restores front panel key opergion.

MENU: Use with the knob or cursor keys to configure the

following menu items; data store, data recall, I-limit (Model487), integration, IEEE-488 bus Coos or talk-only), defaults, self&t, debug, calibrate, and V-Source calibrate (Model 487 only).

SHIFT EXIT:

ZERO CHECK Allows check of offsets, and must be disabled to obtain an input signal measurement.

SHIFT CORRECT: Performs automatic zero correction to null insment offsets.

FILTER: Enables or disables the selected filter(s).

&ik MENLJ or trigger SETUP.

Formadmumsafety,donot touchtheModel487connections, teat fixture, test cables or connections to any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test. Turn off all power and discharge all capacitors before connecting or disconnecdng cables or jumpas. Also, keep the test fixture lid dosed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of the lid interlock.

Do not touch any object which could provide a current path to the common side of the &cuit under test or power line (earth) ground.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the in&ument, as shown on the rear panel and as defined in the specifications and operation section of the instnxtion manual.

Connect the - screw of the test fixture to safety earth ground using #I8 AWG or larger wire.

SHIFTFILTER SELECT: Use with knob or cursor to select the f&r(s); digital, analog, or digital + analog.

REL Use to establish a baseline using the displayedreading.

V RANGE A: Use range keys to select a lower or higher

current range. SHm AUTO RANGE: Use to enable/disable autorange. SETLIP: Use with knob or cursor keys to con@ure the fol-

lowingtriggersetupitems;triggermode,triggerinterval, trigger delay, and bigger source.

OPERATE: Places V-Source of Model 487 in operate or standby.

TRIGGEE Press to trigger a reading or start the data store.

PRESET: Toggles between two preset V-Source values

(Model 487 only).

SHIFT OHMS cV/Ij: Press to select V/I Ohms.

TYPICAL CONNECTIONS

(Model 487 shown connected to Model 8CKQA test fixture)

Model 8002A

- 487

“-so”rcw

Equivalent circuit

LO 487

Plcoammeter

CONSIGhTS DE SECURITF!

RESUME DES COMMANDES

n faut prendre les pr&autions suivames avant d’wiliw les me d&les 4861487. Veuilk vow reporter au manuel principal qui comiem tous les remeignemenu sur les consigns de skcuritt

ainsi qw les clirectiva d’utilisation. LE mod&s 4861487 soot destiks a des spkialistes cotxcients

des dangers de secow &cuique et co-t les mesur-es de prkntion g prendre pour eviter tout risque de blesnuex. Veuilez lire attentivemeot ce manxl avant d’utiliser l’insmtment.

V&&z., avant d’utiliser I’instmment, que le cordon soit branchC SW une prise convenablement reli& B la term.

Redoublez de pr&autions lorsqu’il existe tm risque de secow &cttique. Des tenkn.5 moxtelks risqueot d’&.e pksentes au n&au du circuit d’essais ou des j&s de sortie du mcckle 487. selon l’instintt amticain des normes (ANSI), il e&e ml risque de secousse &cuique lorsque le nivem de la tension d+asse 30 V efficaces ou 42,4 VC de tension c&e. If esf toujours prudent de consid&r.er qu’une tension dangerewe est prknte dam tout circuit incomm avant dkffectua une mesure.

Examinez l’itat da cslbles de cotmexion, des fils d’& et des cavaliers pour s’asurer qu’ils ne prksentent ni &g&B d’usure, ni aaqlxlures, ni fissures want chaqlle essai.

Pour un maximum de s&m-it& ne touchez pas les fik du mod&

487,

le circuit de mesure, les &les d’essais, ni les braochemenn a attam mm inmument lotxque le circuit en mm-s d’essai est at.5 tension. Coupe2 l’alimentation en comam et d&barge2 tous les con~teun avant de braocher ou de &brancber d-es c5ble-s. ll faut +akment veiller A ce que le couvercle du circuit de mesure d’mais mte fermi pendant que l’appareil en cow-s d’essai est sous tension. Le vermuillage du couvercle et nkssaire pour tm foIutiomlemem en tome skmi~.

Ne touchez aucun objet susceptible de fomnir tm chemin conductem vers le c&k commun du tit en cows d’essai ou la terre (masse) &I circuit d’alimeotxion.

Ne .L+SS.Z pa 1s nivemx malt 6gurant sur le pamleau an&e et d&is a” chapitre caratt&istiques et folxxionnement de la notice d’utilisatiotl.

Fiiezlavis Q dudrruitd’eyaisalaterregl’aided’un~de jauge 18 AWG ou plus gms.

lnsrmmena et accgsoiTes somles

lo ne faut faire edcuter la maintenance que par du penonnel Spe cialisd. Dkbranchez le cordon d’alimentation et tous les Cgbler d’esais de I’instmment avant d’effecmer tme quelconque o@ra don de maintenance.

maximum de sigoaux de l’iosav

ne dokent pas be oxcord& g des per-

lNZBX!SIl?E D’AFHCHAGE (DISPLAY lNTEN.SITyI :

Pennet de s&ctiomw : normaL&.ible!pas d’affichage.

COMMANDE DIRECZZ (LOCAL) :

r-em l’appareil et remet en foxtionnement les touches du panneau d’affichage.

MENU (MENU) : s’udise avec le bouton on les touches du NTsew pour configurer Ia &mems suivants du menu : mise en m&mire de dam&, rappel de doonkes, limite I (tooMe 487), int&mion, le bus EEE-488 (voie de tmmmksion ou communication seulement), v&m par d4fam, contrble automatique, mise au point, balormage et &lomage de la source de tension V (mod&

487 seulement).

TOUCHE MAJUSCUJX - SORllE (SHIFTEXI’IJ :

de soti du MENU oli de d&lencher I’INSTALLATION @ETup).

lrwFCATIoN DU ZERO (ZERO CHECK) :

ficatim cles d4cdam et doit &re invalid& pour obtenir le signal normal de sortie.

Permet de commander di-

Permet

Pet-met la v&i-

TOUCHI? MAJUSCULE - CORRECTION (SHlFT COR-

RECTJ : R&l&e la mix e z&o automatique pour am-&r les c2kcalaga des instruments.

TOUCHF MAJUSCULE - SELECTION DU FLXRE

(SHIFT FILTER SELECT) : s’urilise avec le bouton ou le curseu pour selectiotmer le(s) filtfe(s); mm&iqtx, analogique 0” numkique + analogique.

V RANGE A (RANGE) :

selectiomler lme gamme plus basse ou plus haute.

Utilkez les touches de gamme pcnu

TOUCHE MAJ(ISCULE - GAMME AUTOMAnQUE

(SHIFi- AUTO RANGE) : s’wilis pour valider ou irmlickr

mode gamme automatique.

IhSTALLATION (SETUP) : s’unlise avec un bouton ou les

touches c,mems pour configurer le ciichchmat des systemes de cklenchemem suivaoa : mode &clenchement, intervalle de Wenchement, retard de dklencbemem et source de dkclencbe *em.

FONCli’ONNEMtWT (OPERA=) : Met la source

V du ma&k 487 en fonaioonement ou en veik.

DECLWCI.zW@h’T (TRIGGER) :

tme lecture ou d&arer la mix en memoire des doom&.

PREREGLAGE (PRESEV :

sources de t&on V (mod& 487 seulement).

Pa-met de ba.scuk entre V&LIE de

Appuyez pour d-klmcber

de tension

TOUCHE MAJUSCULE - OHMS (SHI3T OHMS V@ :

puyez pour sactiomler v/l ohms.

SCHEMA TYPE DE BRANCHFNENT (Mcd+.le 487 mom& branch& P Ia charge d’csai 8002A)

Cimit dquivalent

DUT

SICHERHEITSHINWEISE

KONTROLLBEGRIFF’E

Vor dem Gebrauch des M&ells 4861487 soIlten Sie folgende Vorkehrungen &fen. Wenden Sie sich hinsichtlich ausfiihrlither Sicherheitsinformationen und vollst&~diger Bedienungsm weisungen an das Haupthandbucb.

Dar M&U 4861487 is fiir den Gebrauch durch qu&izierts Personal ausgelegt, das eine Stromwhkggefahr erkenm und mit da Sicherheitworkehmngehrungen vertraut ist, die zur Verhinderung einer mbglicben Verletzung pea&n we&n miisxn Vor den G&much des G&&s sollten Sie da Anweisungshandbuch sorgfag lesen.

Vor Uxtriebnabme des G&es soilten Sic da-auf achten, da& da Suomkabel mit einer vo~ig gee&ten Suomquelk verbunden is.

S&e Suomvhlaggefabr best&n, so g&en Sie mit Xuiulsenter Vosicbt var. Auf der Tatvonichtung c&r den Amcbliisxn des Modells 487 kijnnen t&&he Sparmungen vorhanden sein. Das American National Standard Institute (ANSQ weist damuf bin, da& eine Suomschlagg~ dam besteht, wenn die SFannungswene h6her als 30 Volt RMS oder 42,4 Volt Spia&is@.mg be uagen. Eine gute Sicherhei@nahme ist die Vermutnng, da& in jedem unbekannten Stromkreis vor dem MS sen eine g&liche Spamung vorhanden is.

PrJfen Sie vor jeder

Briicken auf m&$icbe Abnutnmg, Rise cder Briiche.

Beriibren Sie LUT maxim&n Siiherheit keine Amcbiiisse, Priifvonichtungen, Priifkabel ode Verbindungen zu anderen Ge men, w&rend der zu priifende S~omkreis mit Strom versorgt wird. Sellen Sic den Strom ab und entladen Sic alle Kondensatmen, bevor Sic K&l c&r Briicken an&Ii&n oder trennen. H&en Sic auBer&m den Testmscbl&deckel ggchlos~en, withrend das zu priifende G&t mit Strom versorgr wird. Eine sichere Bedhung bedeutet die Benutzung e&s Deckeischlosses.

Baiihrm Sie keinen Gegastan& der eine Stmmleitung LUT ge meinsamen site des zll priifendsI stmmkreises cder deI Stromkatebnaw dare&.

iiberschreiten Sic nicht die auf da Riickseite des G&&es verge gebenen HlichstwMe, die auBer&m ix-n Kapitel Tech&&e Dawn und Beuieb da Bediemmgshandbuchs bschrieba sind.

V&inda Sie die 0 = Scbraube des Pr&xchl- mit Hilfe eims Nr. 18 AWG c&r gr&ren Kabels mit da Masse.

Geme und Zubehtir s&a nicbt an Mahen an&+scblassen werden.

Die Wammg s&e nut durch qualifiziertes Penxnl vorgenommen werden. Vor einer Wammg des Get-&s solken das Stromk&l und alle anderen Priifkabel van diem geuennt werden.

BmuQung

alle Verbindungskabel, Priif?abel

AN.ZIGEHELLIGKEIT (DISPLAY Ihfl.ENSI~):

Anzeige normaUabgedunkeltiaus.

LOKAL (LOCAL):

Frontabdeckungstastenfunkdon wieder her.

Genii (MENlJ: Venvenden Sie diesen B&hl nsammen x-nit den Knopf- c&r C~rtasten, um f&en& Meniidaten abzur&n: $&hem der Dawn (data store), Abmfen der Data (data red), IGrenrwert (Rimit) (Mcddl 487), Integlatioxl (mtegradon), IEEE-488 VielfKhlenmg (nur Vielfachleitung a.& Gqdch), Nullstellungen (~dts), Sehtpriifung (seXtest), Emstijren (debug), Eicben (calibrate) und Spannungs4u~~tichu,-,g (V-Sowc~ calibrate) (nw MC&II 487).

SHIFT EXIT (SHIFT EXIZJ: Bender, ME& c&r auslijsen SETUP.

NULL?‘RiiFUNG (ZERO Ch!ECK):

Abweicbungen und mui3 zum Erhaltm einer F.ingabesig-

nabnaung unterbrwhen we&a. SHFi- CORRECT (SHLFT CORRECT Fiibrt automatische

Nullkorrektur ZUT Nulhllmg der Ger&abwichungen durcb. FZLTER (RZERJ: Bet&&t oder unterbricht da?&& gewiihlte(n)

Filter.

Bringt Geriit in Local-Modus und stellt

Em@licbt Priifung der

Wtit

SHIFi-FLLTER WAHL (.SHL=TRLll?R SELECn: Venvenden

SiediesenBefeblr ter zu bestimmm; digital, analog cder digital und analog.

REL (R.&C): Verwada Sie diezen Befehl, urn linen Gnmthvert

fiir die angezeigte Ablesung faulegen.

V BJZREICH A (RAh’GE):

urn e&n nkdrigeren oder h&eren Strombereicb festzulegen.

SHIFT AUTO-BEREICH (SHIFT AUTO RANGE):

den Sie diesen B&l, um den AutoBaeicb (autorange) Befehl zu aktividd.

AUIT7ELLVNG (SEW): Verwenden Sie diesen Befehl zusammen mit den Knopf- odet Curscnasten zur Kon&uration folgender TrQeritnp~ufsteUun~; Trig&mndus, TriggerintervaIl, Tti~emerr6genmg und TriggerqueUe.

BETRlEE(OPERATE):

487 in Be&b c&r Standbymcdu.

TRIGGER (ZWGGER): Betitip Sic dige Taste, urn eine Ab lesung cder die speichaung “on Lktm awdiisen.

usammen nit Kxpf c&r Cunor, urn die Fil-

Benutzen Sie diese Bereichsmsen,

Verwen-

Bringt Spannungsquelle de Mcdells

VORGABE (PREFl-: Schdtet zwischm zwti vor~e&enen

Spannm~uellenwerten (mu Modell487).

SHIFT OHM (V/I) (SHIFT OHMS V7Ij:

Taste, urn V/I Ohm zu betimmen.

Driicken Sie dies=

GEBRiiUCHLICHE ANSCHLijSSE (Abbildq zeigt McdeU 487 an Priifgeriit Mcdell8002A “I@chlossen)

NORME DI SICUREZZA

IUASSUh’TO DJ3 COMANDI

Le name di sicurezza segwnd dew10 mere mervate prima di ware U modello 4861487. Fate riftiento al rnmuaie principale per “ngsioti demgu suue norme di sicurn e le is”lKio”i per I’uro.

II modello 4861487 e’ stat0 progetrato ad uo di pe~nale qlmlificato, a co”cscenza CM Ii&i0 di sccma elemica ed awnte

-ma’ co” le preca”z.ioti necemarie per evimre ogni da”“0 possibiie a persane e case. Leggem attentamente quest0 “ranwale prima di udliuare lo sml”lento.

Prima di far fu”zionare lo sml”lento, &%sic”ratevi the il cordone elemico sia appmmamente adlegato ad una press di alimentazione CO” la mesa a terra ccuretm.

Prrstate esn-ema atten7io”e in situazioni in cui e’ prwnte il rischio di sccaa elletrica sulk3 -ento 0 “el cimdto di prow% in qtmnto e’ p&bile the vi si rilevino tensioni considerate letah imprerse dall’utente. L‘ANSI (American National Standard Insti~te)riconmceurischiodismssaelemicdinpresenraditensioni di picco ma&xi di 30V RSM o 42.4V. E’ buona “orma coti* presenti tensio”i peric&se i” ogni circllito elemico slxmxiuto.

Controllate i cavi di mnnesSone ed i conmti prima delYw per witare problemi cwati da usurq crepe o romue.

Per maggior sicurezza, “on toccate il cirtito ed i cavi di prova, 0 II” qualsiasi ah smlme”t0 una volm applicam -te al cirait0 di prow. Diskwrite I’alimentazione e saricam tutti i condensatori prima di connette~e o sonmetwe i cati. Mante”ete inoh chi”so il cope&h dell’impianto di prow quando si applica corrente au’apparecchio the ti vuole prowre. Per ““‘@Gne sicwa necesrio un copxhio the, se apert”, bloxhi aut0”laticame”te 1 parsaggio di ccrrelte dl’apparecchio.

Non tcccate alcun oggetto the possa ccmvmtire passaggio di COP reme al km conlune dd circuit0 in prwa 0 aIla massa (tara) ala linea d.i tensione.

Non superate l’ingreso di tensione nwsimo, come yxcifiato nell’appmito capitol0 sul hnzio”a”wnto, conten”to in quest0

nmnuale. collegatelavite 1 d.eu’apparecchiaturadiproMa-usan-

do~un avo No.18 AWG o pii~ spgso.

Gli -enti e gli accessori non devono mai - collegati ad esxriumani.

IA “m”uterKio”e dew gsere equita esclusivame”te da perso”& q”alificato. Prima di efkmMre ahn lavoro di “m”“teD ione scollegate u Lea”0 di hea e tuni gu alti cavi di prcwa daIl0 SO-lU”~rO.

INDICA TORE INZWSITA ’ (DISPLAY INllENSIITyI:

Peimette la selezione delh chiareua delhdicatore tra “or“mldchiarol~to.

LOCALE (LOCAL]:

l’opemivim’ del pannell a ati.

MENU (MJZNV): Wene usam aamite la mancpla 0

cursore per scegliere “a: menlorizzazicole dati, richianlo dati, limite di corrente (Modello 487), integrazim, conngsione IEEE-488 (connesione 0 solo speaker), dehllt, test autonmtico, debug, calibratua. e calibrantra sorgente di tasione. (Solo modello 487).

.sHlmExlT (Srnrn~: Exe ti menu e prowxa la IMzlALrzzAz10NE.

Pane il dis@tivo in wo locale e riprki”a

i tarti del

CONTROLLO RLPRIS7liVO (ZERO CHECK): Commte il

mnuoUo degli offset, e deve esere dkinwito per omenere un seg”ale nornmle in lmcim.

CORREZIONE SHIFT (SHIFT CORRECT):

autGmaticar”ente una cotrezio”e di ripristi”0 per a”““llare la telciione di &et dell0 smlme”to.

FEZ?0 (FUTER): Aziona 0 diskeke i flui sekio”ati. sHIFT~oNEmmo (.s%TFILl-ERsElEc1): uwe

la rnmopola 0 U amore per scegliere il f&c(i): di&ale, analo~co, oppure digimle + analogico.

REL @EL): Usato per stabike un punt0 di rihirnento uando i dati “xsuati.

V CAMP0 DI VARlAZIONL? A, (FLANGE): Usate

campdivariadoneperseler&uncampodi-per la corrente piti “as0 0 phi risueno.

Effenua

i tasti del

SHl?i- CAMP0 DI VARIAZIONE AUTOMAlTCO (SIfIFT AUTO RANGE): Usato per aricmareldidnsaire il camp di variazione autmnatico.

-ONE (SE’TW): Usate k nmnopch o i msti del l2umn-e per la ccm6gurazione delle s.eguellti carattetistiche dd in? pulw (nigger); mcdulo trig&a, il-lmrvaJlo, rimrda, e sorgente.

FUNZONAhfENTO (OPERATE):

mea la sorgente di taskme deI MakIlo 487. IMPLLLSO (EQIGGER): Premete imp&o per ottenere ““a let-

ma 0 dare inizio alla mfznmimione dati.

Rmde operadva o mate in

PREsELEnONE (PRESEZJ: sama Isa k due pxizioni COT-

l-i!pnde”ti ai due vd0I-i predetaminati per la sorge”te di tar &me. (Solo M&k 487).

SHIFT OHM (v/l) (Srn OHMS v7: Premete per scegliere lami.uenzai”ohmsvn.

c0NNEss10NI TIPICHE

(E’ n-,nstrato il Mod& 487 connesso al Mod& 8002A come aw&tura di prova)

.__---_-----

Mdek.8W2A

11-w-w

-I”....L

___ _-------

M-m-

-"=-I

zz"

Z3ZZ!kZ

i3iL

_----B-e-----

E=JL 8oOP.A

ADVERTENCIAS DE SEGURIDAD

SUMARIO DE CONTROL

Las precaucione siguientes deben ser observadas arms de war los Modelm 4861487. Remitirse al manual principal para informa&n detdada de xgtuidad e instmccion~ completas de fundonamiento.

Tener cuidado extreme cuando hay la posibilidad de chque elktrim. F’wdem existi voltajes letaks en ks davijas de tida del Mod& 487 6 en el accesorio de prueba. El Ins&to National Ameicmo de Norms (ANSI) expose que e&e un peligro de

chcque cuando bay presents niveks de vohaje de mk de 30V

VCM (valor cuadrhtico media) 0 de 42,4V pica. Una buaa pktica de seguridad es la de espemr que haya voltajes peligmscs presentcs en cdquier circuito desconocido antes de medirlo.

LNTENSIDAD DE PRESENTACION (DLWAY INllW SIm): selffdonar

LOCAL (LOCAL):

OperadLin de la llave de] panel delantero. MENU (MEh’U): Se usa con lar Uaves del cursor o perilla para

mdigum lo siguiente: alma- ‘elm de dates, recuperaci6Il de dam, limite de coniam 0 (Mcdelo 487), integradn, bam IEEE-488 (balm 0 tile voz), surdtuci6n, autqlmeh, ebminacibn de fallas, cezdilmtibn y calibraci6n de fuente de voltaje (V) (sdo

Mod&

preentack% normal/amotigzuh/apa~da. Pane a la unidad en acci6n local y restaura la

487).

CAMBIO SALWA (SHFi-m: S&b del MENU o activa-

citi de Prepara&n (SETUP).

COMPROBACION DE CERO (ZERO CHECK):

compmbacih de desplammientos y dek ser inhabilitado par-a ob

tenermamedici6nde~deenuada.

Permite la

CORFECION DE DEV’LAZAMZW TO (SHIFT COR-

RECT R& correcd6n autcm&ica de cero para balancear de plazaodentos del instnunento.

Fm-Ro (EllTER): Habilita 0 inbabilita el 0 los iiltm s.2k.io rlados.

No war nin@n objeto que pudka provea un camino a la cctieme al Iado comirn &I circuim bajo prueba o la tiena de la line3 de energia.

~GAMAA~GE):UsalasUaverdegamapara~~onar lmgamade conimte mis elm 0 mAs baja.

CAMBIO GAMA AUTOMATICA (SHIFT AUTO RANGE)): Se wa pm bab la gama autodtica.

PREPARACION (SE77lP): Usado cm Uaves de tumor o periua pal-a Nmiigurar la disposiciones sigulenm d-2 activti6n: moda-

lidad de activtibn, imervalo de activaci6n, demaa de activaci6n. fuente de acdvacih.

OPERACION (OPERAlF): Siti k

en Funcionamiu~ta o Espwa.

Fueme V del Modelo 487

AC’i7XACION (TRIGGER): Se deprime para activar una kcturd 0 catlauar al almacenamulto de dam.

PREAJUSZE(P~: OS& emre cim v&n-es de la

preajustados (s5lo Mod& 487).

CAMBIOS OHMIOS v/c (SHIJT OHMS v7q se

sek@ilmal otios Voltaje coniente.

Fueme V

optime para

CONEXIONES TIPICAS

(Mod.90 487 mcsuado conmado a arreylrio de pm& M&lo 8002A)

- .--------.

w-P--

Circuit0 equivatente

SPECIFICATIONS

MAXIMUM READING RATES (readings/second):

VOLTAGE SOURCE (487 only):

IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION

contains general information, inclding features, unpack-

ing insimxtions, and a brief description of available acces-

SO&S.

SECTION

General Information

Includes an overview of the front panel and rear panel configuration and basic test procedures. Use this information to getyourMode1486or487up andmmingas quicklyaspossible.

This section contains detailed information on operating the Models 486 and 487 from the front panel.

SECTION 2

Getting Started

SECTION 3

Front Panel Operation

Contains information on using the Models 466 and 487 over the IEEE-488 bus.

SECTION 4

IEEE-488 Reference

Provides the procedures necessary to verify that the Models 486 and 487 are operating within stated specifications.

SECTION 5

Performance Verification

I 1 I

A description of operating principles for the instrument is located in this section. The various analog and digital circuits are explained.

Details maintenance procedures for the Models 486 and 487, including fuse replacement, calibration and troubleshooting.

Includes replacement parts information, schematic diagrams and component location drawings for the Model 486 and 487.

SECTION 6

Theory of Operation

SECTION 7

Maintenance

SECTION 8

Replaceable Parts

SECTION 1

1.1

1.2 FEATURES.

1.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION,

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

SECTION 2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.4

2.4.1

2.4.2

SECTION

- General Information

INTRODUCTION.

MANUAL ADDENDA SAFETY SYMBOLS and TERMS SPECIFICATIONS INSPECTION OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

- Getting Started

INTRODUCTION FRONT AND REAR PANEL CONFIGURATION, BASIC FRONT PANEL OPERATION.

Current Measurements V/I Ohms Measurements (Model 487)

BASIC IEEE-488 OPERATION. .......................

Current Measurements Over the Bus V/I Ohms Measurements Over the Bus (Model 487)

...................................

............................

3 - Front Panel Operation

.................

...............

................

.......

...

.................

.........

..............

2-l 2-l 2-5 2-6 2-6 2-9 2-11 2-11

3.1

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

3.2.5

3.2.6

3.2.7

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.5.1

3.5.2

3.5.3

3.5.4

3.5.5

3.5.6

3.6

3.6.1

3.6.2

INTRODUCTION. POWER-UP PROCEDURE

Line Voltage Setting Fuse Replacement Power Cord Power up Sequence Default Conditions Line Cycle Integration

Warm up Period

ERROR MESSAGES DATA ENTRY; BASIC RULES

CURRENT MEASUREMENTS.

Current Ranges. Autorange Zero Check and Correct. Filters

Rel......................................

Current Measurements

USING THE VOLTAGE SOURCE (Model 487)

Test Fixture and Interlock Adjusting V-Source Level

3-l 3-1 3-l 3-l 3-2 3-2

3-2 3-3 3-3 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-10 3-10 3-11

3.6.3

3.6.4

3.6.5

3.6.6

3.7

3.8

3.8.1

3.82

3.8.3

3.8.4

3.8.5

3.8.6

3.8.7

3.8.8

3.8.9

3.8.10

3.9

3.9.1

3.9.2

3.9.3

3.9.4

3.9.5

3.10

3.10.1

3.102

3.11

3.11.1

3.112

3.11.3

3.12

3.13

3.14

3.14.1

3.14.2

3.15

3.15.1

3.15.2

3.16

3.16.1

3.16.2

3.16.3

3.16.4

3.16.5

3.16.6

3.16.7

3.16.8

Preset .............................................................................

I-Limit .............................................................................

Operate ............................................................................

Basic V-Source Operating Procedure.

V/I OHMS MEASUREMENTS (Model 487)

..................................................

..............................................

MENU ..............................................................................

DataStore .........................................................................

DataRecall .........................................................................

I-Limit(Model487) .................................................................

Integration .........................................................................

IEEE-488AddressorTalk.Only .......................................................

Defau~s ...........................................................................

Self-Test ...........................................................................

Debug .............................................................................

Calibrate ...........................................................................

CalVSRC(Mode1487) ..............................................................

FRONTPANELTRIGGERING .........................................................

TriggerMode .......................................................................

TriggerInterval...............................................................~

TriggerDelay .......................................................................

Trigger Sources

.....................................................................

Trigger Examples ...................................................................

EXTERNAL TRIGGERING.

............................................................

ExternalTrigger ....................................................................

Meter Complete ....................................................................

DATASTORE ........................................................................

Storing Data at Programmed Intervals, ................................................

Triggering One-shot Readings into Data Store

..........................................

RecallingData ......................................................................

ANALOGOUTPUT ...................................................................

TALK-ONLY .........................................................................

OPERATINGEXAMPLES .............................................................

Measuring Current Generated by an LED ..............................................

Resistivity Tests (Model 487) .........................................................

SOURCE VOLTAGE/MEASURE CURRENT (Model 487). .................................

Basic Source V/Measure I Configuration.

..............................................

Testing2-TerminalDevices ...........................................................

MEASUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................

Source Resistance. ..................................................................

SourceCapacitance ..................................................................

Triboelectric and I’iezoelectric Effects. .................................................

Electrostatic Interference. ............................................................

ThermalEMFs ......................................................................

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). ...................................................

GroundLoops ......................................................................

Floating Measurements

..............................................................

.....

3-12 3-13 3-13 3-13 3-14 3-16 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-18 3-19 3-19 3-19 3-20 3-20 3-20 3-20 3-20 3-21 3-21 3-21 3-22 3-22 3-23 3-23 3-23 3-23 3-24 3-25 3-25 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-29 3-31 3-31 3-32 3-33 3-33 3-33 3-34

3-35 3-35 3-35 3-35 3-36

SECTION 4

- IEEE-488 Reference

4.1

4.2

4.2.1

4.2.2

4.2.3

4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6

4.2.7

4.2.8

4.2.9

4.2.10

4.2.11

4.2.12

4.2.13

4.2.14

4.2.15

4.2.16

4.2.17

4.2.18

4.2.19

4.2.20

4.2.21

4.2.22

4.2.23

4.2.24

4.3

4.3.1

4.3.2

4.3.3

4.3.4

4.3.5

4.3.6

4.3.7

4.3.8

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.7.1

4.7.2

4.7.3

4.8

INTRODUCTION DEVICE-DEPENDENT COMMAND PROGRAMMING

A-Display Intensity B-ReadingSource

C . Zero Check and Zero Correct. ....................................................

D-Display. F-V/IOhms G-DataFormat H-HitControl

J-Self-Tests. ......................................................................

K . EOI and Bus Hold-Off. ..........................................................

L-Default Condlhons or Calibration. ................................................

M - SRQ Mask and Serial Poll Byte Format N-DDataStore;ArmandSetSize.. 0-Operate(Mode1487)

P-Filters Q-Interval

R-Range .........................................................................

S~IntegrationPeriod T-Trigger

u-status .........................................................................

V-VoltageSource

W~Delay .........................................................................

X-Execute Y-Terminator Z-Relative

GENERAL BUS COMMANDS. .........................................................

REN(RemoteEnable)

IFC (InterfaceClear) .................................................................

LLO(LocalLockout)

GTL (Go To Local) and Local .........................................................

DCL(DeviceClear)

SDC(SelectiveDeviceClear) GET (Group Execute Trigger) SPE, SPD (Serial Polling)

IEEE-488BUSCONNECTIONS PRIMARY ADDRESS SELECTION CONTROLLER PROGRAMMING

FRONT PANEL ASPECTS OF IEEE-488 OPERATION .....................................

Front PanelError Messages

IEEE-488 Status Indicators. ...........................................................

LOCALKey

BUS DATA TRANSMISSION TIMES ....................................................

.....................................................................

...................................

...............................................................

.................................................................

......................................................................

...................................................................

....................................................................

............................................

...................................................

............................................................

.........................................................................

.......................................................................

...............................................................

........................................................................

.................................................................

........................................................................

.....................................................................

.......................................................................

................................................................

.................................................................

..................................................................

.........................................................

.............................................................

.........................................................

......................................................

...........................................................

........................................................................

4-l 4-1 4-6 4-7 4-8 4-9

4.10 4-11 4-15 4-16 4-17

4.19 4-21

4-24

4.26 4-27 4-28 4-29 4-30

4.31 4-32 4-38 4-39 4-40 4-41 4-42 4-44 4-44 4-44 4-45 4-45 4-45 4-45 4-45 4-46 4-46 4-47 4-48 4-48 4-48 4-50 4-51 4-51

SECTION

5 - Performance Verification

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 ENVIRONMENTALCONDITIONS

5.3 INITIALCONDITIONS

5.4 REQUIREDTESTEQUIPMENT

5.5 VERIFICATION PROCEDURES ........................................................

5.5.1 PicoammeterVeri~cation..

5.5.2 Voltage Source Verification (Model 487). ...............................................

SECTION 6

6.1

6.2 ANALOG CIRCUITS.

6.2.1 Input Amplifier.

6.2.2 Analog Filter

6.2.3 Multiplexer . ..__. .., ., ,., ._, ,_

6.2.4 +2.8V Reference

6.2.5 Analog Output

6.2.6 Voltage Source (Model 487).

6.3 ANALOG CONTROL CIRCUITRY.

6.4

6.5 DIGITAL CIRCUITS

6.5.1

6.5.2

6.5.3 Display/Keyboard.

6.5.4 IEEE-488 Interface .

6.6 POWER SUPPLIES

6.6.1 ACLineInput..........................

6.6.2

6.6.3

6.6.4

- Theory of Operation

INTRODUCTION

A/D CONVERTER

Digital Block Diagram. Microcomputer

*15V Supplies +5VA Supply. . +6.5V Supply.

....................................................................

.....................................................

...............................................................

........................................................

..........................................................

. .

5-l 5-l 5-1 5-l 5-2 5-2 s-4

6-l 6-1 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-3 6-5 6-5 6-6 6-8 6-9 6-9 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14

SECTION

7.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._.

7.2 LINE FUSE REPLACEMENT.

7.3

7.3.1

7.3.2

7.3.3

7.3.4 Warm-Up Period.

7.3.5 Front Panel Calibration

7.3.6 IEEE-488 Bus Calibration . .

7.4 HANDLING AND CLEANING PRECAUTIONS

7.5 DISASSEMBLY................................

7.5.1 CoverRemoval..............................

7.5.2 Shield Removal.

7 - Maintenance

CALIBRATION.

Recommended Calibration Equipment. Environmental Conditions CAL LOCK Switch.

7-1 7-l 7-1 7-1 7-2 7-2 7-2 7-2 7-6 7-8 7-9 7-9 7-11

7.5.3

7.5.4

7.6

7.7

7.7.1

7.7.2

7.7.3

7.7.4

7.7.5

7.7.6

7.7.7

Front Panel Removal

Circuit Board Removal.

................................

..............................

SPECIAL HANDLING OF STATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES TROUBLESHOOTING

Recommended Troubleshooting Equipment Self-Test

...........................................

Analog Control Lines. A/D Test Mode Troubleshooting Procedures Input Offset Voltage Adjust. Fusible Resistor Replacement,

................................

............

...............................

.....................................

..........................

........................

..........

7-11

7-11 7-11 7-12 7-12 7-12 7-12 7-13 7-13 7-19 7-19

SECTION

8.1

8.2

8.3

5.4

8.5

8 - Replaceable Parts

INTRODUCTION........................................................

PARTSLISTS............................................................

ORDERINGINFORMATION..............................................

FACTORYSERVICE......................................................

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS AND COMPONENT LOCATION DRAWINGS.

APPENDICES

C ASCII Character Codes and IEEE-488 Multiline Interface Command Messages.

D E

Device-dependent Command Summary Interface Function Codes.

Controllerrrograms.......................................................

IEEE-488BusOverview....................................................

8-l 8-l 8-l 8-l 8-l

A-l B-l C-l D-l

E-l

+ 202 hidden pages

Keithley 487, 486 Service manual

Safety Precautions

SPECIFICATIONS

Table of Contents