This manual is written for an experienced technician.
Essential tools required in performing certain service
work are identified in this manual and are
recommended for use.
Live with safety: Read the safety messages in the
introduction of this manual and the cautions
presented throughout the text of the manual.
This is the safety-alert symbol. When you see
N
this symbol on the machine or in this manual,
be alert to the potential for personal injury.
Technical manuals are divided in two parts: repair
and operation and tests. Repair sections tell how to
repair the components. Operation and tests sections
help you identify the majority of routine failures
quickly.
Information is organized in groups for the various
components requiring service instruction. At the
beginning of each group are summary listings of all
applicable essential tools, service equipment and
tools, other materials needed to do the job, service
parts kits, specifications, wear tolerances, and torque
values.
Technical Manuals are concise guides for specific
machines. They are on-the-job guides containing only
the vital information needed for diagnosis, analysis,
testing, and repair.
Fundamental service information is available from
other sources covering basic theory of operation,
fundamentals of troubleshooting, general
maintenance, and basic type of failures and their
causes.
DX,TMIFC -19-22MAY92
TM1475 (23OCT95) F510/F525 Front Mowers
131295
PN=3
JOHN DEERE DEALERS
This is a complete revision for TM1475—F510 and F525
Residential Front Mowers.
Discard TM1475 dated (01MAY92) and replace with this
manual.
New information added to this manual includes:
1. Updated engine repair procedures and specifications.
2. New engine adjustment procedures.
3. New electrical wiring harness diagrams.
4. New electrical schematics and diagnostic diagrams.
5. Updated electrical tests.
6. New mower deck repair procedures.
7. New lift linkage repair procedures.
8. New snowthrower repair information.
9. New snowthrower diagnostic information.
10. New snowthrower adjustment procedures.
11. New Power Flow™ repair information.
12. New Power Flow™ diagnostic information.
TM1475,DPS -19-23OCT95
TM1475 (23OCT95) F510/F525 Front Mowers
131295
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TM1475 (23OCT95) F510/F525 Front Mowers
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Contents
SECTION 10—GENERAL INFORMATION
Group 05—Safety
Group 10—General Specifications
Group 15—Repair Specifications
Group 20 —Fuel and Lubricants
Group 25—Serial Number Location
SECTION 20—ENGINE REPAIR
Group 05—Remove and Install Engine
Group 10—Blower Housing and Flywheel
Group 15—Cylinder Head and Valves
Group 20—Cylinder Block and Internal
Components
SECTION 30—FUEL AND AIR SYSTEM REPAIR
Group 05—Fuel Tank
Group 10—Fuel Pump
Group 15—Air Cleaner
Group 20—Carburetor
SECTION 40—ELECTRICAL REPAIR
Group 05—Electric PTO Clutch
Group 10—Starter
Group 15—Ignition and Charging System
SECTION 210—SPECIFICATIONS/OPERATIONAL
CHECKOUT PROCEDURE
Group 05—Operational Checkout Procedure
Group 10—Test and Adjustment Specifications
SECTION 220—ENGINE OPERATION, TESTS,
AND
Group 05—Engine Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Group 15—Diagnosis, Tests, and Adjustments
SECTION 230—FUEL/AIR OPERATION, TESTS,
AND ADJUSTMENTS
Group 05—Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Group 15—Diagnosis, Tests, and Adjustments
SECTION 240—ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
OPERATION, TESTS, AND
ADJUSTMENTS
Group 05 —Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Group 15—Diagnosis, Tests, and Adjustments
Group 20—Wiring Schematic and Harness
Diagram
10
20
30
40
50
SECTION 50—POWER TRAIN REPAIR
Group 10—Hydrostatic Transmission and
Differential
SECTION 60—STEERING REPAIR
Group 05—Steering Shaft and Gears
Group 10—Wheels
SECTION 65—BRAKE REPAIR
Group 05—Brake Repair
SECTION 80—MISCELLANEOUS
Group 05—Mower Deck Repair
Group 10—Blade Drive Belt
Group 15—38-Inch Snowthrower
Group 20—Power Flow™ Blower Assembly
Group 25—Engine Shroud and Fenders
Group 30—Weight Transfer System
All information, illustrations and specifications in this manual are based on
the latest information available at the time of publication. The right is
reserved to make changes at any time without notice.
SECTION 250—POWER TRAIN OPERATION,
Group 05—Power Train Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Group 15—Power Train Diagnosis
SECTION 260—STEERING OPERATION, TESTS,
Group 05—Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Group 15—Diagnostics
Group 20—Adjustments
SECTION 265—BRAKE OPERATION, TESTS,
Group 05—Component Location
Group 10—Theory of Operation
Engine Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25-1
Section 10
10
Contents
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-1F510/F525 Front Mowers
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10
Contents
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-2F510/F525 Front Mowers
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RECOGNIZE SAFETY INFORMATION
Group 05
Safety
This is the safety-alert symbol. When you see this
symbol on your machine or in this manual, be alert to
the potential for personal injury.
Follow recommended precautions and safe operating
practices.
UNDERSTAND SIGNAL WORDS
A signal word—DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION—is
used with the safety-alert symbol. DANGER identifies the
most serious hazards.
DANGER or WARNING safety signs are located near
specific hazards. General precautions are listed on
CAUTION safety signs. CAUTION also calls attention to
safety messages in this manual.
10
05
1
T81389 -UN-07DEC88
DX,ALERT -19-03MAR93
TS187 -19-30SEP88
DX,SIGNAL -19-03MAR93
FOLLOW SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Carefully read all safety messages in this manual and on
your machine safety signs. Keep safety signs in good
condition. Replace missing or damaged safety signs. Be
sure new equipment components and repair parts include
the current safety signs. Replacement safety signs are
available from your John Deere dealer.
Learn how to operate the machine and how to use
controls properly. Do not let anyone operate without
instruction.
Keep your machine in proper working condition.
Unauthorized modifications to the machine may impair
the function and/or safety and affect machine life.
If you do not understand any part of this manual and
need assistance, contact your John Deere dealer.
TS201 -UN-23AUG88
DX,READ -19-03MAR93
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-1F510/F525 Front Mowers
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HANDLE FLUIDS SAFELY—AVOID FIRES
10
When you work around fuel, do not smoke or work near
05
heaters or other fire hazards.
2
Store flammable fluids away from fire hazards. Do not
incinerate or puncture pressurized containers.
Make sure machine is clean of trash, grease, and debris.
Do not store oily rags; they can ignite and burn
spontaneously.
Safety
TS227 -UN-23AUG88
DX,FLAME -19-04JUN90
PREVENT BATTERY EXPLOSIONS
Keep sparks, lighted matches, and open flame away
from the top of battery. Battery gas can explode.
Never check battery charge by placing a metal object
across the posts. Use a volt-meter or hydrometer.
Do not charge a frozen battery; it may explode. Warm
battery to 16˚C (60˚F).
PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES
Be prepared if a fire starts.
Keep a first aid kit and fire extinguisher handy.
Keep emergency numbers for doctors, ambulance
service, hospital, and fire department near your
telephone.
TS204 -UN-23AUG88
DX,SPARKS -19-03MAR93
DX,FIRE2 -19-03MAR93
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-2F510/F525 Front Mowers
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TS291 -UN-23AUG88
PREVENT ACID BURNS
Safety
Sulfuric acid in battery electrolyte is poisonous. It is
strong enough to burn skin, eat holes in clothing, and
cause blindness if splashed into eyes.
Avoid the hazard by:
1. Filling batteries in a well-ventilated area.
2. Wearing eye protection and rubber gloves.
3. Avoiding breathing fumes when electrolyte is added.
4. Avoiding spilling or dripping electrolyte.
5. Use proper jump start procedure.
If you spill acid on yourself:
1. Flush your skin with water.
2. Apply baking soda or lime to help neutralize the acid.
3. Flush your eyes with water for 15—30 minutes. Get
medical attention immediately.
If acid is swallowed:
1. Do not induce vomiting.
2. Drink large amounts of water or milk, but do not
exceed 2 L (2 quarts).
3. Get medical attention immediately.
10
05
3
TS203 -UN-23AUG88
DX,POISON -19-21APR93
HANDLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTS SAFELY
Direct exposure to chemical products can cause severe
skin irritation and injury. Hazardous fumes can be
generated when handling the chemicals.
Wear close fitting clothing and a face mask when
handling chemicals. Dispose of chemical waste and
packaging material properly.
A Material Safety Data Sheet provides specific details on
chemical products and physical dangers, safety
procedures, and emergency response techniques. User
awareness and training is required under U.S. workplace
and environmental laws. See your John Deere dealer for
information on chemical products used with John Deere
equipment.
DX,MSDS -19-28SEP90
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-3F510/F525 Front Mowers
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TS272 -UN-23AUG88
AVOID HIGH-PRESSURE FLUIDS
10
Escaping fluid under pressure can penetrate the skin
05
causing serious injury.
4
Avoid the hazard by relieving pressure before
disconnecting hydraulic or other lines. Tighten all
connections before applying pressure.
Search for leaks with a piece of cardboard. Protect
hands and body from high pressure fluids.
If an accident occurs, see a doctor immediately. Any
fluid injected into the skin must be surgically removed
within a few hours or gangrene may result. Doctors
unfamiliar with this type of injury should reference a
knowledgeable medical source. Such information is
available from Deere & Company Medical Department in
Moline, Illinois, U.S.A.
Safety
X9811 -UN-23AUG88
PARK MACHINE SAFELY
Before working on the machine:
• Lower all equipment to the ground.
• Stop the engine and remove the key.
• Disconnect the battery ground strap.
• Hang a “DO NOT OPERATE” tag in operator station.
DX,FLUID -19-03MAR93
TS230 -UN-24MAY89
DX,PARK -19-04JUN90
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-4F510/F525 Front Mowers
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SUPPORT MACHINE PROPERLY
Safety
Always lower the attachment or implement to the ground
before you work on the machine. If you must work on a
lifted machine or attachment, securely support the
machine or attachment.
Do not support the machine on cinder blocks, hollow
tiles, or props that may crumble under continuous load.
Do not work under a machine that is supported solely by
a jack. Follow recommended procedures in this manual.
WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
Wear close fitting clothing and safety equipment
appropriate to the job.
10
05
5
TS229 -UN-23AUG88
DX,LOWER -19-04JUN90
Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause impairment
or loss of hearing.
Wear a suitable hearing protective device such as
earmuffs or earplugs to protect against objectionable or
uncomfortable loud noises.
Operating equipment safely requires the full attention of
the operator. Do not wear radio or music headphones
while operating machine.
SERVICE MACHINES SAFELY
Tie long hair behind your head. Do not wear a necktie,
scarf, loose clothing, or necklace when you work near
machine tools or moving parts. If these items were to get
caught, severe injury could result.
Remove rings and other jewelry to prevent electrical
shorts and entanglement in moving parts.
TS206 -UN-23AUG88
DX,WEAR -19-10SEP90
DX,LOOSE -19-04JUN90
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-5F510/F525 Front Mowers
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TS228 -UN-23AUG88
WORK IN VENTILATED AREA
10
Engine exhaust fumes can cause sickness or death. If it
05
is necessary to run an engine in an enclosed area,
6
remove the exhaust fumes from the area with an
exhaust pipe extension.
If you do not have an exhaust pipe extension, open the
doors and get outside air into the area.
WORK IN CLEAN AREA
Before starting a job:
• Clean work area and machine.
• Make sure you have all necessary tools to do your job.
• Have the right parts on hand.
• Read all instructions thoroughly; do not attempt
shortcuts.
Safety
TS220 -UN-23AUG88
DX,AIR -19-04JUN90
REMOVE PAINT BEFORE WELDING OR
HEATING
Avoid potentially toxic fumes and dust.
Hazardous fumes can be generated when paint is
heated by welding, soldering, or using a torch.
Do all work outside or in a well ventilated area. Dispose
of paint and solvent properly.
Remove paint before welding or heating:
• If you sand or grind paint, avoid breathing the dust.
Wear an approved respirator.
• If you use solvent or paint stripper, remove stripper
with soap and water before welding. Remove solvent or
paint stripper containers and other flammable material
from area. Allow fumes to disperse at least 15 minutes
before welding or heating.
T6642EJ -UN-18OCT88
DX,CLEAN -19-04JUN90
TS220 -UN-23AUG88
DX,PAINT -19-03MAR93
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-6F510/F525 Front Mowers
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Safety
AVOID HEATING NEAR PRESSURIZED
FLUID LINES
Flammable spray can be generated by heating near
pressurized fluid lines, resulting in severe burns to
yourself and bystanders. Do not heat by welding,
soldering, or using a torch near pressurized fluid lines or
other flammable materials. Pressurized lines can be
accidentally cut when heat goes beyond the immediate
flame area.
ILLUMINATE WORK AREA SAFELY
Illuminate your work area adequately but safely. Use a
portable safety light for working inside or under the
machine. Make sure the bulb is enclosed by a wire
cage. The hot filament of an accidentally broken bulb
can ignite spilled fuel or oil.
10
05
7
TS953 -UN-15MAY90
DX,TORCH -19-03MAR93
REPLACE SAFETY SIGNS
Replace missing or damaged safety signs. See the
machine operator’s manual for correct safety sign
placement.
USE PROPER LIFTING EQUIPMENT
Lifting heavy components incorrectly can cause severe
injury or machine damage.
Follow recommended procedure for removal and
installation of components in the manual.
TS223 -UN-23AUG88
DX,LIGHT -19-04JUN90
TS201 -UN-23AUG88
DX,SIGNS1 -19-04JUN90
DX,LIFT -19-04JUN90
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-7F510/F525 Front Mowers
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TS226 -UN-23AUG88
SERVICE TIRES SAFELY
10
Explosive separation of a tire and rim parts can cause
05
serious injury or death.
8
Do not attempt to mount a tire unless you have the
proper equipment and experience to perform the job.
Always maintain the correct tire pressure. Do not inflate
the tires above the recommended pressure. Never weld
or heat a wheel and tire assembly. The heat can cause
an increase in air pressure resulting in a tire explosion.
Welding can structurally weaken or deform the wheel.
When inflating tires, use a clip-on chuck and extension
hose long enough to allow you to stand to one side and
NOT in front of or over the tire assembly. Use a safety
cage if available.
Check wheels for low pressure, cuts, bubbles, damaged
rims or missing lug bolts and nuts.
Safety
TS952 -UN-12APR90
AVOID HARMFUL ASBESTOS DUST
Avoid breathing dust that may be generated when
handling components containing asbestos fibers. Inhaled
asbestos fibers may cause lung cancer.
Components in products that may contain asbestos fibers
are brake pads, brake band and lining assemblies, clutch
plates, and some gaskets. The asbestos used in these
components is usually found in a resin or sealed in
some way. Normal handling is not hazardous as long as
airborne dust containing asbestos is not generated.
Avoid creating dust. Never use compressed air for
cleaning. Avoid brushing or grinding material containing
asbestos. When servicing, wear an approved respirator.
A special vacuum cleaner is recommended to clean
asbestos. If not available, apply a mist of oil or water on
the material containing asbestos.
Keep bystanders away from the area.
DX,TIRECP -19-24AUG90
TS220 -UN-23AUG88
DX,DUST -19-15MAR91
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-8F510/F525 Front Mowers
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PRACTICE SAFE MAINTENANCE
Safety
Understand service procedure before doing work. Keep
area clean and dry.
Never lubricate, service, or adjust machine while it is
moving. Keep hands, feet , and clothing from
power-driven parts. Disengage all power and operate
controls to relieve pressure. Lower equipment to the
ground. Stop the engine. Remove the key. Allow
machine to cool.
Securely support any machine elements that must be
raised for service work.
Keep all parts in good condition and properly installed.
Fix damage immediately. Replace worn or broken parts.
Remove any buildup of grease, oil, or debris.
Disconnect battery ground cable (-) before making
adjustments on electrical systems or welding on
machine.
10
05
9
TS218 -UN-23AUG88
DX,SERV -19-03MAR93
USE PROPER TOOLS
Use tools appropriate to the work. Makeshift tools and
procedures can create safety hazards.
Use power tools only to loosen threaded parts and
fasteners.
For loosening and tightening hardware, use the correct
size tools. DO NOT use U.S. measurement tools on
metric fasteners. Avoid bodily injury caused by slipping
wrenches.
Use only service parts meeting John Deere
specifications.
TS779 -UN-08NOV89
DX,REPAIR -19-04JUN90
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-9F510/F525 Front Mowers
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DISPOSE OF WASTE PROPERLY
10
Improperly disposing of waste can threaten the
05
environment and ecology. Potentially harmful waste used
10
with John Deere equipment include such items as oil,
fuel, coolant, brake fluid, filters, and batteries.
Use leakproof containers when draining fluids. Do not
use food or beverage containers that may mislead
someone into drinking from them.
Safety
Do not pour waste onto the ground, down a drain, or
into any water source.
Air conditioning refrigerants escaping into the air can
damage the Earth’s atmosphere. Government regulations
may require a certified air conditioning service center to
recover and recycle used air conditioning refrigerants.
Inquire on the proper way to recycle or dispose of waste
from your local environmental or recycling center, or from
your John Deere dealer.
LIVE WITH SAFETY
Before returning machine to customer, make sure
machine is functioning properly, especially the safety
systems. Install all guards and shields.
TS1133 -UN-26NOV90
DX,DRAIN -19-03MAR93
DX,LIVE -19-25SEP92
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-05-10F510/F525 Front Mowers
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TS231 -19-07OCT88
MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS
Group 10
General Specifications
F510F525
ENGINEPA420APA540A
ManufacturerKHIKHI
Cycle44
Output10.4 kW (14 hp)12.7 kW (17 hp)
Displacement423 cc (25.8 cu. in.)535 cc (32.64 cu. in.)
Cylinders11
Crankshaft AlignmentVerticalVertical
Bore89 mm (3.5 in.)89 mm (3.5 in.)
Stroke68 mm (2.68 in.)86 mm (3.38 in.)
Speed, fast (no load)3250 ±50 rpm3250 ±50 rpm
Speed, idle (no load)1450 rpm1450 rpm
IgnitionSolid stateSolid state
StarterElectricElectric
CoolingAirAir
Unitized Eng/Trans
Oil Reservoir Capacity:
Without filter2.4 L (2.5 qt)2.6 L (2.7 qt)
With filter2.6 L (2.7 qt)2.8 L (2.9 qt)
Total system3.4 L (3.5 qt)3.9 L (4.1 qt)
Air CleanerDry ReplaceableDry Replaceable
w/foam precleaner w/foam precleaner
10
10
1
POWER TAKE-OFFElectricElectric
CONSTRUCTION
BlockAluminumAluminum
Cylinder LinerCast ironCast iron
Cylinder HeadAluminumAluminum
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging SystemFlywheel Alternator; 13 AMP,Flywheel Alternator; 15 AMP,
-18˚C (0˚F)255255
Spark PlugRN11YC or NGK-BPR5ESRN11YC or NGK-BPR5ES
Plug Gap0.7-0.8 mm (0.28-0.031 in.)0.7-0.8 mm (0.28-0.31 in.)
FUEL SYSTEM
Fuel Tank LocationLeft sideLeft side
Capacity10.4 L (2.75 U.S. gal)10.4 L (2.75 U.S. gal)
Fuel TypeUnleaded GasolineUnleaded Gasoline
DRIVE TRAIN
Transmission TypeHydrostaticHydrostatic
ManufacturerKHIKHI
No. of SpeedsInfiniteInfinite
Travel Speeds
Forward (Max)8 km/h (5 MPH)8 km/h (5 MPH)
Reverse (Max)4 km/h (2.5 MPH)4 km/h (2.5 MPH)
MX,1010CL,A1 -19-23OCT95
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-10-1F510/F525 Front Mowers
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General Specifications/Machine Specifications
MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED)
10
F510F525
10
2
DRIVE TRAIN-CONTINUED
DifferentialBevel gearBevel gear
Gear Ratio25:125:1
Speed & Direction Control2 Pedal foot control2 Pedal foot control
DIMENSIONS
Height to Top of
Steering Wheel1067 mm (42 in.)1067 mm (42 in.)
Height to Top of Hood572 mm (22.5 in.)572 mm (22.5 in.)
Width
With 38 in. Mower1300 mm (50 in.)
With 46 in. Mower1448 mm (57 in.)
With 48 in. Mower1500 mm (59 in.)
Length
Without Mower1648 mm (65 in.)1648 mm (64 in.)
With 38 in. Mower2100 mm (82 in.)
With 46 in. Mower2010 mm (79 in.)
With 48 in. Mower2000 mm (80 in.)
Ground Clearance89 mm (3.5 in.)89 mm (3.5 in.)
Wheelbase885 mm (35 in.)885 mm (35 in.)
Min. Turn Radius
Left Hand191 mm (7.5 in.)191 mm (7.5 in.)
BRAKES
TypeInternal Wet BandInternal Wet Band
LocationInternal to DriveInternal to Drive
FRAMEWelded steelWelded steel
MOWER DECK
Cutting Width965 mm (38 in.)1212 mm (48 in.) or 1168 (46 in.)
Cutting Height25-89 mm (1-3.5 in.)25-89 mm (1-3.5 in.)
WEIGHT (APPROX)314 kg (692 lbs)316 kg (696 lbs) with 46 in. deck
336 kg (740 lbs) with 48 in. deck
(Specifications and design subject to change without notice.)
MX,1010CL,A2 -19-23OCT95
TM1475 (23OCT95) 10-10-2F510/F525 Front Mowers
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ENGINE CONFIGURATION CHART
Group 15
Repair Specifications
The PA420A and PA540A engines have an engine
configuration number following the engine model number
to help separate engine changes. Use the engine
configuration number to determine the proper service
specifications and procedures to follow in this technical
manual.